#xenobiotic metabolism
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Lupine Publishers | Palauamine and Olympiadane Nano Molecules Incorporation into the Nano Polymeric Matrix (NPM) by Immersion of the Nano Polymeric Modified Electrode (NPME) as Molecular Enzymes and Drug Targets for Human Cancer Cells, Tissues and Tumors Treatment under Synchrotron and Synchrocyclotron Radiations
Editorial
In the current editorial, we study Palau’amine and Olympiadane Nano molecules (Figures 1 & 2) incorporation into the Nano Polymeric Matrix (NPM) by immersion of the Nano Polymeric Modified Electrode (NPME) as molecular enzymes and drug targets for human cancer cells, tissues and tumors treatment under synchrotron and synchrocyclotron radiations. In this regard, the development of Chemical Modified Electrodes (CEMs) is at present an area of great interest. CEMs can be divided broadly into two main categories; namely, surface modified and bulk modified electrodes. Methods of surface modification include adsorption, covalent bonding, attachment of polymer Nano films, etc. Polymer Nano film coated electrodes can be differentiated from other modification methods such as adsorption and covalent bonding in that they usually involve multilayer as opposed to monolayer frequently encountered for the latter methods. The thicker Nano films imply more active sites which lead to larger analytical signals. This advantage coupled with other, their versatility and wide applicability, makes polymer Nano film modified electrodes particularly suitable for analytical applications [1–27].
Electrochemical polymerization offers the advantage of reproducible deposition in terms of Nano film thickness and loading, making the immobilization procedure of a metal–based electro catalyst very simple and reliable for Palau’ amine and Olympiadane Nano molecules–encapsulating Carbon nanotubes incorporation into the Nano Polymeric Matrix (NPM) by immersion of the Nano Polymeric Modified Electrode (NPME) as molecular enzymes and drug targets for human cancer cells, tissues and tumors treatment under synchrotron and synchrocyclotron radiations. Also, it must be notice that the nature of working electrode substrate in electro preparation of polymeric Nano film is very important, because properties of polymeric Nano films depend on the working electrode anti–cancer Nano materials. The ease and fast preparation and of obtaining a new reproducible surface, the low residual current, porous surface and low cost of Multi–Walled Carbon Nanotubes (MWCNTs) paste are some advantages of Carbon Paste Electrode (CPE) over all other solid electrodes [28–92].
On the other hand, it has been shown that, macrocyclic complexes of Palau’amine and Olympiadane Nano molecules– encapsulating Carbon nanotubes are interest as modifying agents because in basic media Palau’amine and Olympiadane Nano molecules–encapsulating Carbon nanotubes redox centers show high catalytic activity towards the oxidation of small organic anti-cancer Nano compounds. The high–valence species of Palau’amine and Olympiadane Nano molecules–encapsulating Carbon nanotubes seem to act as strong oxidizing agents for low-electroactivity organic substrates. 1,2–Dioxetane (1,2– Dioxacyclobutane), 1,3–Dioxetane (1,3– Dioxacyclobutane), DMDM Hydantoin and Sulphobe as the anti–cancer organic intermediate products of methanol oxidation as well as formic acid, is important to investigate its electrochemical oxidation behavior in Palau’ amine and Olympiadane Nano molecules-encapsulating Carbon nanotubes incorporation into the Nano Polymeric Matrix (NPM) by immersion of the Nano Polymeric Modified Electrode (NPME) as molecular enzymes and drug targets for human cancer cells, tissues and tumors treatment under synchrotron and synchrocyclotron radiations [93–110].
In this editorial, we decided to combine the above mentioned advantageous features for the aim of Palau’ amine and Olympiadane Nano molecules–encapsulating Carbon nanotubes incorporation into the Nano Polymeric Matrix (NPM) by immersion of the Nano Polymeric Modified Electrode (NPME) as molecular enzymes and drug targets for human cancer cells, tissues and tumors treatment under synchrotron and synchrocyclotron radiations. Furthermore, in this editorial, we prepared poly Nano films by electropolymerization at the surface of Multi-Walled Carbon Nanotubes (MWCNTs) paste electrode. Then, Palau’amine and Olympiadane Nano molecules–encapsulating Carbon nanotubes were incorporated into the Nano Polymeric Matrix (NPM) by immersion of the Nano Polymeric Modified Electrode (NPME) in a solution. The modifier layer of Palau’amine and Olympiadane Nano molecules–encapsulating Carbon nanotubes at the electrode surface acts as a Nano catalyst for the treatment of human cancer cells, tissues and tumors under synchrotron and synchrocyclotron radiations. Suitability of this Palau’amine and Olympiadane Nano molecules–encapsulating Carbon nanotubes–modified polymeric Multi–Walled Carbon Nano tubes (MWCNTs) paste electrode toward the electrocatalytic treatment of human cancer cells, tissues and tumors under synchrotron and synchrocyclotron radiations in alkaline medium at ambient temperature was investigated [111– 153].
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#lupine#lupine publishers#archive of organic and inorganic chemical sciences#organic compounds#biomolecules#polymer chemistry#cluster compounds#chemical biology#mechanism of action#xenobiotic metabolism#lupine publishers llc#open access journals
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Come on in, get very comfortable
Obesogens are, according to the scientist who coined the term, "xenobiotic chemicals that can disrupt the normal developmental and homeostatic controls over adipogenesis and energy balance".
In other words, an obesogen might disregulate the creation of new fat cells, the size of those fat cells, a person's metabolism, or all three.
Obesogens, along with present social and cultural trends, are speeding along the increasing prevalence of obesity and super obesity worldwide, making us by far the fattest humans who have ever lived.
As diets all over the world become loaded with delicious ultra-processed food and people have steadily decreasing levels of physical activity and time spent outdoors, we live in the golden age of obesity.
To think that even just 20 years ago to see a person weighing 500 pounds was very rare. A sideshow fat lady in the 19th century may have weighed that much if the circus was very lucky, but more than likely not even close.
In real life I see people close to a quarter-ton out and about with some regularity. The industrial world's capacity to overwhelm us with pound after pound of blubber is incredible. What a time to be alive if you, as I do, truly desire only the biggest.
I created this blog in order to have a specific place where I can express myself freely to this effect and to share posts that align with the particularities of my lifelong love of obesity.
And so, I hope to be an obesogen, promoting obesity wherever the soil is fertile.
Oh, and that desk chair I used for my icon? It has a weight capacity of 1000 pounds, and a seat that is 36 inches wide :)
That enough people needed a chair like this to be able to work in a building that this chair was designed and produced is great sign of things to come, I think.
This blog contains dark themes and triggering language, be careful and if nothing else,
be over 18 years old
I am not good with DMs, asks are scrumptious. Getting DMs does not bother me, but me being in the mood to answer them is a rare thing. I love, respect and advocate for fat people in real life no matter what I put here and I hope you do too.
#obesogen blog: pinned edited 24_04#freaks interact and non freaks do not interact#this is the law: the fatter the better
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War of the Coprophages (3x12)
“What’s a woman like you doing in a place like this?”
Bambi had heard that sentence more times in her life than she cared to count, and it always managed to strike her as odd.
She had a doctorate in Entomology from the University of Illinois, but the family members of her cohort couldn’t believe a “woman like her” was in the graduating class. Her collaborative work on the molecular mechanisms of metabolic resistance to synthetic and natural xenobiotics won awards, but people always assumed she was lost when they saw a “woman like her” in the lab working. She had spent her whole life around insects, but people seemed shocked whenever they saw a “woman like her” digging through foliage to find the perfect specimens for a study.
It seemed that “a place like this” applied to every location that wasn’t in a male fantasy, and “a woman like her” never actually reflected who she was or wanted to be.
This is probably why Fox Mulder had gotten on her nerves earlier.
She tried to hide her frustration at the man’s presence introducing an uncontrolled variable to the roaches’ environment, but his exaggerated, feigned interest in what she was talking about got under her skin.
It was one thing for men to ignore asking her anything of sustenance, but it was another for them to use her special interest in insects to try and get in her pants. If they were just honest about their intentions, maybe she would even let them. Like she said before, her human needs weren’t any different from an insect’s: eat, sleep, defecate, procreate.
To Bambi, all that mattered was the person. She was attracted to anyone who was honest, intelligent, and passionate. While Fox was undeniably handsome, he was lying when he said he found bugs fascinating. If he was really interested, she wouldn’t have caught him fearing for his life after having a few little roaches crawl on him.
It was obvious that whatever really brought him here became sidelined after seeing her.
A woman like her in a place like this.
A doctor in a U.S.D.A. Agricultural research facility.
The person he’d been on the phone with earlier was rudely dismissed and his line of questioning was the type of propaganda that just further perpetuated misconceptions about cockroaches. Besides, Bambi could hear the disappointment in his voice when she’d told him about her UFO theory, not that his over-exaggerated nodding told her otherwise. He obviously wasn’t willing to believe in something so unconventional.
Or so she had thought.
She was surprised when he returned to the lab, and she was impressed when he followed up with her tip about Dr. Ivanov. Plus, she couldn’t deny that she found it endearing that he kept bringing her insects to examine.
The thrill of his phone disrupted their conversation, but instead of dismissing the person on the other end, he started partaking in a sort of theoretical back and forth. To be honest, she found it quite sexy.
She wasn’t trying to listen in on his phone conversation but, for how secretive he was trying to be, he sure had his phone volume on the loudest setting.
A distant, feminine voice filled the space of the lab while they sat at the table, “He has an import license to bring in animal dung samples from outside the country. Now, maybe you can confirm this with your Doctor Bambi-”
Her ears perked up despite herself, not only at the mention of her name but the inclusion of her credentials alongside it.
“Scully, if an alien civilization were technologically advanced enough to build and send artificially intelligent robotic probes to the farthest reaches of space, might they not have also been able to perfect the extraction of methane fuel from manure?”
Bambi felt a flush spread across her chest as his hypothesis brought a smile to her face. Hearing that he hadn’t been merely indulging her earlier was a refreshing change of pace. There were so many interesting phenomena that could be explained by looking at the unusual activities of the creatures in the Kingdom Animalia. She’d heard of so many fascinating cases: the mutated Trematoda in New Jersey, ancient, parasitic annelids in the Alaskan Ice, unusual swarming activity from phosphorescent insects in Washington — the truths of the world were hidden in plain sight if people were willing to look.
“Alright, I’ll be there as soon as I can,” Fox replied, easing himself out of his chair. Then, in a soft tone she hadn’t heard from him before, he murmured, “If things are as crazy out there as you say, please be careful, okay?”
Bambi felt a slight pang of jealousy. She wished she had a partner who respected her intelligence and cared for her like Fox seemed to regard his partner. She wondered what type of woman could inspire such open honesty in a man like him.
Read the rest of the All Eyes Lead to the Truth Chapters on Ao3
@gaycrouton
#all eyes lead to the truth#the x-files#x files#fanfic#x files fanfic#mulder#scully#msr#war of the coprophages#bambi#dr. bambi berenbaum#3x12#season 3#s3
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38 days till my 2nd internal exam. And I'm freaking out here because I'm left with entire syllabus.
So, made some plan today to complete everything (includes making notes/mark in book)
Week 1 : Lower limb (notes), Protein metabolism (notes) , Fats metabolism (notes? , Excretory system (study+notes)
Week 2: Abdomen, TCA cycle, ETC, GIT
Week 3: Abdomen, Fat metabolism, CVS
Week 4: Abdomen, nucleic acid metabolism, CVS, CNS.
(Will be covering Xenobiotics, ECM, embryo whenever I have time)
Week 5: Revision + Internal examination
Week 6 : Practical exam.
#med student#med studyblr#grades#academia aesthetic#stem academia#stem student#women in stem#stemblr#stem#medblr#medicine#med school#medlife#academic validation#academia
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This user was super productive today but still wasted time at the last 😬
Things accomplished
-cardiovascular system
-hemeglobin metabolism
- xenobiotics
- organ function tests
-acid base balance and ph
- few chapters from embryology
-abdomen and pelvis still remaining
Let's do better tomorrow 🙂
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The best model for assessing integrated drug metabolism, toxicity/metabolism correlations, causes of hepatotoxicity, and interactions of xenobiotics and drug-metabolizing enzymes comes from the study of hepatocytes.
Looking for hepatocytes for your experiments?
Email us now at [email protected] for further information.
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Drug metabolism
Drug metabolism is a complex and vital process within living organisms, involving the metabolic breakdown of pharmaceutical substances through specialized enzymatic systems. These enzymatic pathways, collectively known as xenobiotic metabolism, play a pivotal role in pharmacology and medicine. The modification of the chemical structure of xenobiotics, including drugs and poisons, occurs through a set of metabolic pathways. The study of drug metabolism, known as pharmacokinetics, is essential for comprehending the duration, intensity, and actions of pharmaceutical drugs.
Phases of Drug Metabolism
The metabolism of drugs is a multi-phase process.
In phase I
Enzymes such as cytochrome P450 oxidases introduce reactive or polar groups into xenobiotics, thereby facilitating subsequent modifications.
Phase II
Involves conjugation reactions, where activated xenobiotic metabolites are conjugated with charged species, making them less active and more readily excretable. The final phase,
phase III
Encompasses further modification and excretion of conjugates, crucial for eliminating these compounds from cells.
Factors Influencing Drug Metabolism
Diverse factors influence drug metabolism, ranging from
1.physiological variables
Like age and sex differences to genetic polymorphisms affecting enzyme activity. The Cytochrome P450 monooxygenase system, predominantly present in the liver, plays a crucial role in determining the rate of metabolism.
2 .Pathological factors
Including diseases affecting organs like the liver, kidney, or heart, can significantly impact drug metabolism.
Detoxification Mechanisms
Detoxification mechanisms within the body are sophisticated, utilizing physical barriers like cell membranes and low-specificity enzymatic systems. While physical barriers restrict the entry of hydrophilic molecules, enzymatic systems possess broad substrate specificities, metabolizing a wide array of non-polar compounds. The detoxification of endogenous reactive metabolites, such as peroxides and reactive aldehydes, often involves specific enzymatic systems that recognize and remove these potentially harmful substances.
Beyond Human Health
Drug metabolism extends beyond human health; it is essential in environmental science, influencing the fate of pollutants during bioremediation processes. Moreover, in agriculture, xenobiotic metabolism in microorganisms, particularly enzymes like glutathione S-transferases, contributes to resistance against pesticides and herbicides.
In conclusion, drug metabolism is a multifaceted and indispensable aspect of pharmacology, significantly influencing the effectiveness and safety of pharmaceutical drugs. Understanding the intricacies of xenobiotic metabolism is crucial not only for medical professionals but also for addressing environmental and agricultural challenges. As research continues to unravel the mysteries of drug metabolism, its impact on human health and the broader ecosystem becomes increasingly apparent. The continuous exploration of drug metabolism is vital for advancing medical knowledge, ensuring drug safety, and addressing environmental concerns in the ever-evolving field of pharmaceutical science.
For Health Sciences Assignment Help;
Email us on;
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The human intestinal microbiota is composed of 1013 to 1014 microorganisms whose collective genome (“microbiome”) contains at least 100 times as many genes as our own genome. We analyzed ∼78 million base pairs of unique DNA sequence and 2062 polymerase chain reaction–amplified 16S ribosomal DNA sequences obtained from the fecal DNAs of two healthy adults. Using metabolic function analyses of identified genes, we compared our human genome with the average content of previously sequenced microbial genomes. Our microbiome has significantly enriched metabolism of glycans, amino acids, and xenobiotics; methanogenesis; and 2-methyl-d-erythritol 4-phosphate pathway–mediated biosynthesis of vitamins and isoprenoids. Thus, humans are superorganisms whose metabolism represents an amalgamation of microbial and human attributes.
Metagenomic Analysis of the Human Distal Gut Microbiome | Science
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Hand and body lotions play a vital role in skin health, but selecting an effective product can be overwhelming given the array of ingredients used. Emollients, humectants, emulsifiers, and polymers all contribute to moisturization through various mechanisms.
Assessing claims about alleviating dry skin involves clinical evaluation and instrumental measurements. Safety is also paramount - adverse reactions are uncommon but can occur.
Optimize your skincare routine with guidance from experts like Dr. Aria Moradkhani of DermExpertise. They stay current on the latest science and can recommend products aligned to your individual needs and skin type. Don't underestimate the importance of proper moisturization!
#skincare #lotion #moisturizer #dermatology
#DrAriaMoradkhani #DermExpertise
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Magnesium is an essential mineral that is found in the human body and is required for numerous bodily functions. Despite its importance, many people are often ill-informed about why magnesium is so indispensable and how it can benefit overall health.
Magnesium plays a key role in energy production and muscle relaxation. It helps with calcium absorption, and supports optimal nerve and muscle function. Magnesium also helps to regulate blood pressure and glucose levels, and also helps with calcium absorption.
It is essential for the formation of proteins and DNA, and is used to identify enzymes that are involved in the metabolism of xenobiotics. Magnesium also has a role in the development of bones and teeth, and in the immune system.
Studies have shown that magnesium is also a powerful anti-stress mineral that helps to reduce anxiety and promote relaxation. It is also involved in muscle functions, and aids in controlling levels of sodium and potassium, both of which are also important nutrients.
Finally, a diet high in magnesium-rich foods such as green leafy vegetables, legumes, nuts, and certain grains, is necessary for overall health. Taking magnesium supplements can also help ensure adequate magnesium intake.
It is clear that magnesium is an essential mineral for optimal health, so understanding why magnesium is important and how it can benefit you is key. With the appropriate consumption of magnesium, you can ensure you reap the maximum benefits this mineral has to offer.
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Phylogenomics of the ecdysteroid kinase-like (EcKL) gene family in insects highlights roles in both steroid hormone metabolism and detoxification
The evolutionary dynamics of large gene families can offer important insights into the functions of their individual members. While the ecdysteroid kinase-like (EcKL) gene family has previously been linked to the metabolism of both steroid moulting hormones and xenobiotic toxins, the functions of nearly all EcKL genes are unknown and there is little information on their evolution across all insects. Here, we perform comprehensive phylogenetic analyses on a manually annotated set of EcKL genes from 140 insect genomes, revealing the gene family is comprised of at least 13 subfamilies that differ in retention and stability. Our results show the only two genes known to encode ecdysteroid kinases belong to different subfamilies and therefore ecdysteroid metabolism functions must be spread throughout the EcKL family. We also provide comparative phylogenomic evidence that EcKLs are involved in detoxification across insects, with positive associations between family size and dietary chemical complexity, and also find similar evidence for the cytochrome P450 and glutathione S-transferase gene families. Unexpectedly, we find that the size of the clade containing a known ecdysteroid kinase is positively associated with host plant taxonomic diversity in Lepidoptera, possibly suggesting multiple functional shifts between hormone and xenobiotic metabolism. This work provides a robust framework for future functional studies into the EcKL gene family and opens promising new avenues for exploring the genomic basis of dietary adaptation in insects, including the classically studied co-evolution of butterflies with their host plants. http://dlvr.it/SrYYY5
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body. [9] In humans, the gut flora is established at one to two years after birth, by which time the intestinal epithelium and the intestinal mucosal barrier that it secretes have co-developed in a way that is tolerant to, and even supportive of, the gut flora and that also provides a barrier to pathogenic organisms. (10] |11]
The relationship between some gut microbiota and humans is not merely commensal (a non-harmful coexistence), but rather a mutualistic relationship. [5]:700 Some human gut microorganisms benefit the host by fermenting dietary fiber into short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), such as acetic acid and butyric acid, which are then absorbed by the host. [9][12]
Intestinal bacteria also play a role in synthesizing vitamin B and vitamin K as well as metabolizing bile acids, sterols, and xenobiotics.
[5][12] The systemic importance of the SCFAs and other compounds they produce are like hormones and the gut flora itself appears to function like an endocrine organ. [12]
Dysregulation of the gut flora has been correlated with a host of inflammatory and autoimmune conditions. [9][13]
The composition of human gut microbiota changes over time, when the diet changes, and as overall health changes. [9][13] A systematic review from 2016 examined the preclinical and small human trials that have been conducted with certain commercially available strains of - [ ] JUNGLEWOODNETHERRACKNETHERWARTENCHANTMENTTABLECHORUSFLOWERREDSTONEREPEATERREDSTONECOMPARATORTRiPWiREHOOKCOMMANDBLOCKSTiCKYPiSTONALiENSSPECiESFAiRiESDEiTiESGODSCLOWNSROBOTSANDROiDSARTiFiCiALiNTELLiGENCESBRAiNSPOWERSiNTELLiGENCEQUOTiENTSWORMSTAPEWORMSTUBESTUMORSCANCERSHOSTSENTiTiESFUNGiSPARASiTESBACTERiASAMiCROORGANiSMSMUSHROOMSSURGERiESSCiENCESPHYSiCSWiTCHCRAFTSMAGiCSVOODOOSHOODOOSWiZARDSWARLOCKSCULTSSECRETSOCiETiSALTEREGOSiNNERDEMONSCROSSROADDEMONSMEDiCALTREATMENTS CLONES
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Pharmacology Viva and Practical Questions
Sir Abid
IV anesthetics
propofol metabolism why it is called milk of amnesia
action of ketamine
which other inhaled anesthetic works on NDMA receptors.
cyclophosphamide toxicity
Ketamine other name
NO MOA
Insulin structure batao 51 AA chore k
Glucose q mota krta ha
Old anesthetic name or usko log kese use krty thy
Propofol MAO
classification of all viral drugs A TO Z
Incretin functions
Other compounds similar to incretin
Stigliptin functions
Metformin 3 most imp side effects
Vit B12 active form
What we give in pernicious anemia
Shortest acting barbiturates
What is interferon and it’s moa?
Which drug is used for treatment of candida albican?
What do u mean by polyenes?
Moa of nystatin?
Dose of gabapentan and pregablin
Topirate seizure Ka elwa other use?
Acute malaria mein chloroquine ka elawa kon sa drug use hota hai?
2nd line Tb drug
Use of cifrofloxacin
What is 4th generation cephaloporin drug?
What is benzethine penicillin g and it’s uses
Domeclocycline and minocycle Ka uses other than antimicrobial?
What Is MoA of naicin vit b3
How nystatin make pores in ergosterol ?
What do U know about artemether
It natural and sysnthetic form
Opioid classification
Opiod receptors
Ethosuxamate calcium t chanell ko block krta hay konsi brain k part may
Myclonic epilepsy treatment Peripheral neuropathy causes treatment
Gaba pregablin ki metabolism kase hte
Eska action
Alfentanil kya hta
Methadon ka action
Uses
Mixed agonist antagonist ka name
Opiod poisoning mai kya dty...
Barbiturates ki calssification
Cyclophosphamide metabolism
Cyclosporine nature and action
TB 1 st and 2nd line drugs……. Why we give drugs combinely resistance k ilawa koi aur wajah
Antidirreal drugs
Drugs use for supra ventricular tachyarrethmia
Aminoglycoside moa other than protein synthesis
Uses of aminoglycoside
Diff bt azitho and clarithro
Sb sy ziada nephtotoxic konsi aminoglyco hai
Isonoazid molecular weight
Jb isonia?id dety to b6 ku km hty .
Tb regimens
Pka
Pka of aspirin
Volume of distribution
Amantadine k uses and MOA in parkinson
Parkinson treatment
Heart failure treatment
Pregnant woman with hypertension and cardiac failure DOC in treatment
Foscarnet side effects
Anti viral classification
Tb drugs primary nd secondary
Isonizid resistance
Which aminoglycoside is preferd ?
What do u care about when patient is taking streptomycin ?
Cuhsing syndrom causing drugs
Hepatitics c drugs other than interferon nd ribaviren
Polymerize chain reaction for hepatitis c
Why do we check genotype nd phenotye for hepatitis c
Active nd inactive forms of vitamin k
Def of half life, xenobiotics
P450 system
Atropine side effects and clinical indications
Fluoroqunilones
Difference between benzodiazepines and barbiturates
Drugs used to produce amnesia in patients
Use of Atropine with anesthetics
Opioid classification
Opiod receptors
Ethosuxamate calcium t chanell ko block krta hay konsi brain k part may
Myclonic epilepsy treatment
Tb drugs primary nd secondary Isonizid resistance
Which aminoglycoside is preferd ? What do u care about when patient is taking streptomycin ?
Cuhsing syndrom causing drugs Hepatitics c drugs other than interferon nd ribaviren
Polymerize chain reaction for hepatitis c
Why do we check genotype nd phenotye for hepatitis c
Active nd inactive forms of vitamin k
Biotransformation phases
Edrophonium
Mysthenia gravis , autoimmune disease
Rheumatid arthritis drug
Anticytokine drugs
Anakinrin
Uric acid drugs
Acetaminophene toxicity metabolite
Asprin uricosuria high dose of aspirin
asthma mn beta 2 ka mechanism of action..anidaireals.
Antacids.ppi.
TCAs names.
Azoles.names
Grisofulvin ka action
Blackwater fever konsi drug krati or..is mn kia hota ha.
Pregnancy mn save drugs konsi hn malaria wali.
Uterus pr beta 2 ka action..
NASEER SAHAB
Anti epileptics, hiv drugs, barbiturates, TCAs names, anti arrhythmics, benzodiazepines,
Biotransformation
Efficiency/potency defrnce
Antidepressants clas
Asthma drg clas
Laxative clas
Side effects of athma drg
Side effects of epinephrine
Antacid
Route of administration
Gout drg clas
Allopurinol moa
Morphine action
Serotonin drug
Lipid lowering drug action names and side effects
Diabetic drug name action and side effects
Hypo and hyperthyroidism drugs
Drug for hypoglycemia
What is pharma
Define drug
Gout k drugs
Therapeutic index
NorEpinephrine konse receptors pah zayda act karta hai
NSaids
Antiparkinson drug,types of dopamine recepters,
Theophylline MOA in asthma,serotonin agonists,prokinetic
Calcium saving diuretics
Antihypertensive drugs
First pass effect
Calcium channel blockers
Which beta blocker is used in eye
Practical
Definition syrup pills cream tincture spray
Prescription malaria wala ta
Long zinc oxide ointment wala ta
Sir Shahid
Potentiation, example, nature of levodopa, can carbidopa cross BBB,
Tcas k functions or wet pillow syndrome me kn c drugs use hoteen Levodopa
levodopa k sath carbidopa q dety
Levodopa k side effects
On off effect of levodopa
ziada tr antitussive poch rha ha
Or plant n animal derived drugs b pochy
Anti diabetic
Corticosteroids (orally)
DHT blocker
Atropine ( Deep )
Endotracheal tube k zarye konsa Drug
Atropine k contraindications
Why we dont treat children with Atropine
Antibiotics which act as anticancer
Albindazole and its action, konse worms pah act karta hai
What is Irritable boul syndrome
Drugs which are contraindicated in pregnancy
Metformin and its mechanism of action
B c drugs Mai Kiya fark hai
Tachyphylaxis 4 mechanism
Artimeten
Othotixic 4 drugs classes
5 fluorouracil and flucytocin difference and mechanism
Luminar amebiasis drugs
Epinephrine contraindications
Many more Jo yad b nai
Pro drug
Drug defi
Potentiation synergy additive poch rha
Diuretics dono poch rhy
Knsa diuretic ca++ saving hota knsa loss krwata
Loop diuretics or thiazides k nam
Hyperurecemia kn sy diuretics krwaty
Antidepressants ki classification
TCAs k nam
Centrally acting anti muscarinic or kahan use hoty morphine k 4 functions btao
Antiemetics
Sir Azhar
PPI may up regulation hotha ya down regulation mechanism
Adverse effect of cimetidine in males ,bone marrow sparing anticancer drug,bleomycin kis phase par act kartha hay Catecholamines synthesis, what happens to them in synapse Sympathetic and parasympathetic outflow
Pseudomembranous colitis
Penicillin side effects
Clinical indications of sympathomimetics
Glaucoma and drugs used in it
Growth hormones. Grow hormones receptor .growth hormone action. Uses. Why. When what who
Bas growth hormones A to Z
pharmacokinetics def
list all the factors affecting absorption of a drug
metronidazole uses
how pseudomembrane is formed.
effect of foods on drugs
IBS-c drugs
Metronidazole moa nucleic acid synthesis ko ks level py inhibit krta
Esky side effects
Nor epinephrine epinephrine ky uses side effect
Brain of GIT
Broad classification of receptors with examples
Diuretics classification
Potassium sparing side effects
Draw growth hormone receptors structure
Against k types
Partial agonist k example
Baqi yd nhi per easy the
Oxytocin mechanism of action
GI protective drugs explain
Ancids
Their side effects
Aspirin side effects
Bismuth subsalicylate function
Classification of sympathomimetics
Use of dubtamine
Cytoprotective drugs
Proton pump inhibitors
Binding sites of protein pump inbitors nd pump
Digoxin function
Nsaid induced ulcer how it occurs
Classification of antagonists
How physical antagonism works
Example of chemical antagonism
Theophylline functions on CNS
And Side effects
Mountain sickness
Clomiphene use in females + males
Growth hormone mechanism
Nitroglycerin kay ilawa which other drug administered sublingually?
Diuretic in pulmonary edema
Non nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors?
Pencilline mechanism of action
Resistance
Define Pharmacology
Prodrug definition
Anacid definition
Symp parasym kb activate hoga
Symp chain
Why symp is diffused and para is not
Post sympthetic and parasympehtic nerves ki lenth ak hi kam or dosri ki zda qu hoti ha..ground level reason btani.ha.. Ion trapping
Anatacids ko systematic or unsystematic qu bolty ha
Phase 1 & Phase 2 reactions qu hoty
EXTERNAL
H1 antagonists or uses external bht poch rha ha ye or man function ye ha k bachon me sedation k lye dety
Anti spasmodic drugs
Antidiaarhoel
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Post-caesarean Area of interest (Isthmocele) throughout Uterine Keloid: A great Revise.
The actual very houses obtained demonstrate how the probe compounds populate the health proteins binding storage compartments in the purchased style. The hence characterised, experimentally observed hot spots of presenting have been exposed to computational energetic site maps employing HotspotsX. This process makes use of knowledge-based match possibilities to identify advantageous presenting opportunities for several atom varieties. Excellent arrangement relating to the inside silico spot forecasts as well as the experimentally seen opportunities in the complete hydrogen relationship forming useful organizations along with hydrophobic portions has been attained. Lastly, we in contrast the actual observed presents with the small-molecule probes using that relating to larger structurally linked ligands. They will match extremely properly together with the larger ligands, contemplating their own spatial alignment and also the seasoned connection patterns. This remark concurs with the essential hypothesis regarding fragment-based lead breakthrough discovery: that binding presents, perhaps associated with very small molecular probes, usually do not significantly vary or even transfer after a ligand will be expanded further into the holding website. This particular emphasizes the fact these probes populate granted hot spots and can be thought to be appropriate plant seeds for more style.Grow supplementary materials are already reported being bad to pests and also other herbivores inside diverse techniques. On this research, the result involving catechol (phenolics), gramine (alkaloid) as well as L-ornithine-HCl (non-protein protein) for the routines of xenobiotic metabolizing nutrients in Language materials aphid, Sitobion avenae, has been assessed. Cycle My spouse and i nutrients researched in this study integrated carboxylesterase (Proper care), and also oxidoreductase, whilst Period The second nutrients had been manifested by simply glutathione S-transferase (GST). Generally speaking, Attention and also Goods and services tax pursuits throughout Azines. opportunity had been really related together with the power grow extra compounds in unnatural eating plans. Oxidoreductase action, even so, viewable an alternative report. Particularly, peroxidase (POD) as well as polyphenol oxidase (PPO) actions inside S. avenae have been really linked using amounts involving diet catechol and gramine, respectively, whereas catalase (CAT) activity had been significantly covered up with the greater energy catechol, gramine along with L-ornithine-HCI. These kind of blended results suggest that CarE and also GST inside Azines. avenae are important nutrients to malfunction an extensive range regarding seed second substances, while oxidoreductase, which includes PPO as well as POD, degrades particular teams of plant secondary substances. (C) The year 2013 Elsevier Inc. Just about all protection under the law set-aside.The 1st syntheses from the polyhydroxylated alkaloids (iminosugars) broussonetines Deborah and also Mirielle, glycosidase inhibitors in the pyrrolidine course, happen to be carried out within a convergent, stereocontrolled means through D-serine since the chiral starting content. A new cross metathesis phase was AL39324 1 essential attribute with the activity. The flexibility in the manufactured notion selected permits the actual use of numerous individuals this kind of substance household, both all-natural kinds as well as analogues thereof.
#Screening Library#ERK inhibitor#ISO-1#Nutlin-3#Necrosulfonamide#Camptothecin#Salubrinal#SB225002#Leuprolide#A-485#Ivosidenib#BMS-1166#4μ8C#Cyclopamine#Streptozotocin#Prexasertib#Atorvastatin#Picropodophyllin#Rosiglitazone#6-Thio-dG#compound 991#ASP015K#PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitor 2#SU5416#ABT-869#SB497115#MDL-71782#PRT062070#LOXO-195#LY335979
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NeoSTRESS: Research of Shift and also Retrieval Ecological Stresses upon neonates by way of a smartphone program : Appear.
Beyond the superior information analysis sets of rules, gene a great notation-pathway sources, along with theoretical designs, specifically designed teams of supporting findings are very important within converting your obtained genomics data in to good tasting knowledge. A much better idea of the molecular basis of virus-host interactions may secure the reasonable design of improved as well as novel intervention approaches for infections.Current discovery strategies (computed tomography, ultrasound, as well as MRI) regarding hepatocarcinogenesis inside people depend upon visible verification involving neoplastic formations. A far more powerful earlier recognition way is essential. Utilizing throughout vivo magnet resonance spectroscopy (MRS), many of us demonstrate that modifications in the actual important percentages with the bis-allyl for you to plastic hydrogen protons throughout unsaturated fat oily acyl teams correlate using the progression of neoplastic structures throughout vivo within a TGF alpha/c-myc mouse hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) design. HPLC analysis of the TGF alpha/c-myc rodents lean meats cells unveiled an important rise in how much oleic acid solution, together with modifications in linoleic along with gamma-linolenic acid, compared with management CD1 rats. Electrospray ionization tandem muscle size spectrometry analysis indicated a tremendous surge in the plethora involving specific glycerol phosphatidylcholine (GPCho) fats made up of palmitic as well as oleic chemicals between control CD1 along with TGF alpha/c-myc rats lean meats cells concentrated amounts. American soak up analysis of the these animals hard working liver tissues indicates modifications to the particular desaturase enzyme stearoyl CoA desaturase (SCD) A single, in charge of palmitic and also oleic acid solution creation. Microarray evaluation discovered modifications to a number of family genes associated with essential fatty acid metabolic process, specially SCD2, throughout transgenic computer mouse button lean meats tissues. Throughout link with the HPLC, muscle size spectrometry, Western mark, and microarray analyses, we could look at the capacity of in vivo MRS to identify precancerous lesions on the skin from the computer mouse liver ahead of graphic neoplastic clusters were observable through MRI.-Griffitts, T., Y. Tesiram, G. Elizabeth. Reid, D. Saunders, Ur. Any. Floyd, and R. Any. Towner. Throughout vivo MRS assessment of altered fatty acyl unsaturation within liver organ tumour enhancement of the TGFa/c-myc transgenic mouse button style. J. Fat Res. Last year. Fifty: 611-622.Lipophilic prolonged natural and organic pollutants (Springs) are generally all-pervasive from the atmosphere and also thought to restrict hormone routines and imitation. In the past research all of us established that Take direct exposure could affect ejaculate Genetic make-up honesty along with distinctions involving Inuits and Men and women in ejaculate Genetic make-up strength and xenobiotic exercise were witnessed. The purpose of this study ended up being look into feasible associations in between man semen chromatin honesty along with the xenobiotic solution task of lipophilic Jumps evaluated since outcomes for the excess estrogen (ER), androgen (AR), and/or aryl hydrocarbon (AhR) receptors. Man ejaculate chromatin integrity was examined since DNA fragmentation list (%DFI) and high Genetic stainability (%HDS) using the stream cytometric sperm chromatin construction analysis (SCSA). Xenobiotic receptor routines were established SN-38 in vitro utilizing chemical triggered luciferase gene expression (CALUX) assay.
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Efficacy associated with Artemisia annua L. draw out for recovery associated with serious liver organ failure
The primary functions involving PYY are usually antisecretory results within the intestines along with self-consciousness involving intestinal motility. We decided PYY as a possible directory with the implicit element in looseness of the bowels as well as analyzed your effect regarding changes induced in a diarrhea rat model by government of 4 kinds of natural as well as loperamide hydrochloride (loperamide) as an realtor for the treatment of diarrhea. A unique radioimmunoassay was carried out to find out plasma and colon mucosal PYY concentrations of mit. PYY from the rat colon cells remove had been allocated at a higher density within the reduced intestinal tract mucosa. From the looseness of the bowels rat model, numerous changes in PYY concentrations of mit in the intestinal mucosa as well as plasma were seen. Throughout rats used using castor oil and also sodium picosulfate, the colon mucosal PYY levels substantially reduced in a dose-dependent fashion. Plasma televisions PYY ranges significantly reduced simply within rodents given magnesium mineral citrate. Subsequent, we all reviewed your influence associated with loperamide supervision for the digestive tract mucosa and plasma televisions PYY levels of these test subjects. Loperamide management ended in several changes in plasma televisions and also colon mucosa PYY concentrations, with an improvement inside the diarrhea. Each of our research established that your endrocrine system hormone PYY can be active in the start of looseness of, the path of the trouble, as well as the manifestation of therapeutic effects in the decrease bowel.Your Ca2+/Calmodulin-dependent phosphatase calcineurin is essential pertaining to leave coming from meiotic police arrest at metaphases I and also 2 throughout Drosophila and Xenopus oocytes. All of us previously found that Darlene, the actual Drosophila homolog of regulator regarding calcineurin, acts as a positive regulator of calcineurin which is needed to full anaphase My partner and i of female meiosis. Right here, we all undertook biochemical strategies, including Milliseconds and posttranslational change analyses, to better comprehend the system through which Dorothy manages calcineurin. Looking pertaining to phosphorylated residues revealed that Debbie is very phosphorylated at Ser100, Thr102, and also Ser219 in sex gland along with initialized ovum understanding that Ser215 can be phosphorylated simply throughout triggered offspring. Well-designed examines making use of mutant varieties of Sarah demonstrated that phosphorylation with Ser215, a new general opinion phosphorylation web site for glycogen synthase kinase Three try out (GSK-3 'beta')and its priming kinase internet site Ser219, are necessary for Debbie perform. Additionally, germ-line clones homozygous for a null allele of shaggy ( Drosophila GSK-3 experiment with) equally neglect to full meiosis and don't have phosphorylation of Darlene with Ser215, indicating the phosphorylation involving Debbie by simply Shaggy/GSK-3 beta must comprehensive meiosis. Our own conclusions suggest a procedure in which Shaggy/GSK-3 experiment with activates calcineurin by way of Dorothy phosphorylation about ovum initial throughout Drosophila.Background: NAD (S) H: quinone oxidoreductase 1 (NQO1) is often a xenobiotic metabolizing chemical which detoxes substance triggers and check details herbal antioxidants, offering cytoprotection inside standard tissue.
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