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countyflagchampionship · 5 months

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On to Round 2!

This is a wrap-up of the current standings. Polls for round 2 will be published starting this Saturday (12/16).

Congratulations to all the counties that progressed!

The state that is standing the strongest is New York, with 39 counties progressing to round 2! Albany, Allegany, Allegany, Broome, Cattaraugus, Chautauqua, Chemung, Chenango, Clinton, Columbia, Delaware, Franklin, Greene, Hamilton, Jefferson, Kings, Livingston, Nassau, New York, Niagara, Oneida, Orange, Otsego, Putnam, Rensselaer, Richmond, Rockland, Saint Lawrence, Saratoga, Schuyler, Steuben, Suffolk, Sullivan, Ulster, Warren, Washington, Wayne, Westchester, and Wyoming.

Next most powerful state is Virginia, which has 36 winning counties. Alleghany, Alleghany, Amherst, Augusta, Bedford, Brunswick, Caroline, Carroll, Charlotte, Chesterfield, Fairfax, Fauquier, Fluvanna, Gloucester, Goochland, Grayson, Halifax, Isle of Wight, James City, King and Queen, King George, King William, Lee, Louisa, Montgomery, Patrick, Pittsylvania, Prince Edward, Pulaski, Rockingham, Scott, Smyth, Southampton, Tazewell, Warren, and Wise.

Ohio is also standing strong with 27 advancing counties. Brown, Butler, Columbiana, Coshocton, Crawford, Defiance, Erie, Fulton, Geauga, Holmes, Jackson, Lake, Lawrence, Licking, Madison, Mahoning, Medina, Mercer, Monroe, Muskingum, Perry, Pickaway, Ross, Scioto, Seneca, Trumbull, and Van Wert.

North Carolina is up next with a solid 24 wins. Beaufort, Cabarrus, Caldwell, Camden, Carteret, Craven, Currituck, Granville, Harnett, Henderson, Hoke, Jackson, Johnson, Lenoir, Lincoln, Macon, Madison, Mecklenburg, Northampton, Onslow, Person, Robeson, Tyrrell, and Wake.

Only 1 more state has over 20 counties that made won their match-ups and that's my wonderful Washington. Adams, Asotin, Chelan, Clallam, Cowlitz, Ferry, Garfield, Grant, Grays Harbor, King, Kitsap, Kittitas, Klickitat, Lewis, Pacific, Pend Oreille, Skagit, Snohomish, Thurston, Walla Walla, Whatcom, Whitman, Yakima. Stay strong my soldiers.

A much higher number of states are comfortably in the middle of the pack. They are as follows:

Texas: 19 counties. Bosque, Collin, Dallas, Denton, Fort Bend, Goliad, Hockley, Jones, Lipscomb, Live Oak, Llano, McMullen, Milam, Ochiltree, Orange, Panola, Parker, San Patricio, and Travis.

California: 17 counties. Amador, Calaveras, El Dorado, Imperial, Lake, Mariposa, Monterey, Orange, San Benito, San Luis Obispo, Santa Barbara, Santa Clara, Santa Cruz, Solano, Tulare, Tuolumne, and Yolo.

Pennsylvania: 16 counties. Allegheny, Blair, Butler, Carbon, Dauphin, Franklin, Greene, Jefferson, Lancaster, Lycoming, Mifflin, Montgomery, Perry, Potter, Venango, and York.

Tennessee: 15 counties. Blount, Campbell, Carter, Cumberland, Hardin, Houston, Johnson, Knox, Madison, Maury, McNairy, Obion, Union, Williamson, and Wilson.

Nebraska: 13 counties. Adams, Buffalo, Cass, Cherry, Dakota, Keith, Knox, Nuckolls, Platte, Saunders, Stanton, Thayer, and Webster.

Nevada: 13 counties. Churchill, Clark, Douglas, Esmeralda, Eureka, Lander, Lincoln, Lyon, Mineral, Pershing, Storey, Washoe, and White Pine.

Illinois: 12 counties. Cook, DeKalb, Franklin, Jasper, Kane, Marion, McDonough, McHenry, Morgan, Peoria, St Clair, and Winnebago.

Maryland: 12 counties. Anne Arundel, Calvert, Carroll, Cecil, Dorchester, Frederick, Montgomery, Prince George’s, Queen Anne’s, Talbot, Washington, and Worcester.

Michigan: 12 counties. Barry, Berrien, Clinton, Genesee, Gogebic, Kalamazoo, Lake, Oceana, Ottawa, Rocommon, Sanilac, and Wexford.

Iowa: 11 counties. Dickinson, Fayette, Hancock, Hardin, Henry, Humboldt, Jefferson, Jones, Polk, Pottawattamie, and Wright.

Louisiana: 11 parishes. Ascension, Bossier, Cameron, Catahoula, Concordia, Jefferson, Lincoln, Natchitoches, St Bernard, St James, and St Tammany.

New Jersey: 11 counties. Bergen, Cumberland, Essex, Middlesex, Morris, Passaic, Salem, Somerset, Sussex, Union, and Warren.

Kentucky: 10 counties. Boone, Boyle, Breckinridge, Daviess, Leslie, Logan, Pike, Shelby, Trimble, Woodford.

Many of these poor cute states are barely hanging on. Please wish them luck.

Florida: 8 counties. Alachua, Bay, Miami-Dade, Monroe, Okaloosa, Osceola, Palm Beach, and St Johns.

New Mexico: 8 counties. Colfax, Curry, Doña Ana, Lincoln, Mora, Otero, Roosevelt, and Socorro.

Georgia: 6 counties. Bartow, Cherokee, Floyd, Fulton, Pierce, and Rockdale.

Indiana: 6 counties. Benton, Elkhart, Jennings, Marion, Marshall, and Starke.

Minnesota: 6 counties. Aitkin, Clearwater, Hennepin, Hubbard, McLeod, and Pipestone.

Wisconsin: 6 counties. Calumet, Fond du Lac, Osaukee, Portage, Racine, and Sheboygan.

Wyoming: 6 counties. Big Horn, Converse, Lincoln, Natrona, Park, and Teton.

Missouri: 5 counties. Clay, Gentry, Greene, Newton, and St Louis.

South Carolina: 5 counties. Anderson, Calhoun, Dillon, Dorchester, and Lexington.

Utah: 5 counties. Beaver, Summit, Utah, Washington, and Wayne.

Alaska: 4 boroughs. Anchorage, Juneau, Matanuska-Susitna, and Wrangell.

Arkansas: 4 counties. Cross, Searcy, Washington, and White.

Colorado: 4 counties. Douglas, El Paso, Fremont, and La Plata.

Oklahoma: 4 counties. Bryan, Payne, Rogers, and Washington.

West Virginia: 4 counties. Fayette, Marion, Monongalia, and Roane.

Alabama: 3 counties. Bullock, Cleburne, and Mobile.

Arizona: 3 counties. Coconino, Maricopa, and Yavapai.

Maine: 3 counties. Androscoggin, Hancock, and Washington.

Idaho: 2 counties. Bannock and Bonner.

Kansas: 2 counties. Atchinson and Johnson.

Massachusetts: 2 counties. Barnstable and Berkshire.

Montana: 2 counties. Gallatin and Silver Bow.

North Dakota: 2 counties. Benson and LaMoure.

Some states only have 1 county that progressed. They are: Delaware (Kent County), Hawaii (Maui County), Mississippi (Adams County), New Hampshire (Hillsborough County), Oregon (Linn County), and South Dakota (Bennet County).

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In addition to all the winning counties above, there will be 83 new county flags folded into round 2!!! (Because of math reasoning this had to happen) Get hyped

They are as follows:

Alexander NC, Allen OH, Alpena MI, Alpena MI, Alpine CA, Arapahoe CO, Ashe NC, Avery NC, Baldwin AL, Baltimore MD, Bell KY, Benzie MI, Bernalillo NM, Black Hawk IA, Brevard FL, Camden NJ, Campbell WY, Canyon ID, Centre PA, Charles City VA, Cheatham TN, Chester PA, Clark WA, Clarke VA, Cleveland OK, Cochise AZ, Columbus NC, Coweta GA, Darke OH, Davidson NC, Elko NV, Erie PA, Florence SC, Garrett MD, Goshen WY, Greene VA, Grundy IL, Gwinnett GA, Hidalgo TX, Highland OH, Hocking OH, Holt NE, Hot Springs WY, Howard MD, Huntingdon PA, Ingham MI, Island WA, Kankakee IL, Lackawanna PA, Lawrence PA, Leelanau MI, Lehigh PA, Leon FL, Liberty TX, Lucas OH, Madera CA, Mahaska IA, Manitowoc WI, McLennan TX, Meigs OH, Milwaukee WI, Nashville and Davidson TN, Northumberland VA, Orleans NY, Page VA, Porter IN, Sacramento CA, Salt Lake UT, San Diego CA, Sangamon IL, Sevier TN, Shelby TN, Skamania WA, Spotsylvania VA, Stafford VA, Sussex VA, Terrell TX, Trinity CA, Tulsa OK, Tuscarawas OH, Ventura CA, Wahkiakum WA, Yuma AZ

#updates

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endlessly-cursed · 1 year

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Official OC Ships

FOUNDERS ERA

Brunhilda of Cologne x Mathilde Coventry [ @camillejeaneshphm ] x Lachlann Doherty [ @hphmmatthewluther ]

Henriette of Wessex x Frederick of Kent [ @that-scouse-wizard ]

Sancha Delgado x Betwixt, Monarch of the Changelings [ @hphmmatthewluther ]

Luxia Thorne x Evander Mountmorris [ @foundersofhogwartslegacy ]

next gen;

Dayana of Glasgow x Sam Doherty [ @camillejeaneshphm ]

Odalric the Red x Matilda of Essex

Akelda the Tragic x Edward the Valiant [ @cursedvaultss ]

THE RISING ERAS

Matteo Somerset x Sancia D'Este

Ipolytta Howard x Thomas Somerset x Drystan Gaunt [ @foundersofhogwartslegacy ]

HPHL

Primrose Gray x Malcolm Stolberg-Burke [ @gaygryffindorgal ]

Cecilia Balinor x Lavinia Wakefield [ @gaygryffindorgal ]

Jesse Seymour x Nadia Erbland [ @gcldensnitch ]

Beatrice Brown x Orla Atkinson [ @nightmaresart ]

Blanche Dubois x Lionel Astor [ @cursebreakerfarrier ]

Ernest di Napoli x Abigail Bennett [ @mjs-oc-corner ]

Adonis Demiurgos x Minerva Kennedy [ @unfortunate-arrow ]

Marcellus Thorne x Victoria Montgomery [ @nightmaresart ]

Nilufer Sultan x Simon Battersea [ @unfortunate-arrow ]

Phineas Falcon x Hestia Herron [ @cursebreakerfarrier ]

Emmeline Falcon x Abraham Alden [ @cursed-herbalist ]

Sara Rosier x Carmine Elderberry [ @potionboy3 ]

Lihuan Wei x Noelle Brenton [ @magicallymalted ]

Lucie Cromwell x Thane Greenaway [ @potionboy3 ]

Ambrose Cromwell x Melinda Ives [ @kathrynalicemc ]

FBAWTFT

Jude Dubois x Caspar Brokenshire [ @cursebreakerfarrier ]

Vincent Somerset x Margaret Taylor [ @camillejeaneshphm ]

Enya Thorne x Robert Astor

Atticus Demiurgos-Kennedy x Iolanthe Arcano [ @kathrynalicemc ]

Albert Rosier x Ruth Marchmont [ @potionboy3 ]

RIDDLE ERA

Elodie Dubois x Lyubomir Vulchanov [ @magicallymalted ]

Lawrence Somerset x Millicent Abbott

MARAUDER’S ERA

Denise Shannon x Remus Lupin

Delphine Vixen x Bessilyn Quinn [ @gaygryffindorgal ]

Sybil Vixen x Valentina de Valerio [ @camillejeaneshphm ]

Rue Selwyn x Regulus Black

HPHM

Isabelle Dubois x Penny Haywood

Valentina Somerset x Caiden Solace [ @camillejeaneshphm ]

Semele Thorne x Kaari Arcano [ @kathrynalicemc ]

GOLDEN ERA

Rocío Gallardo x Trinity Reynolds [ @hphmmatthewluther ]

Almudena Gallardo x Neville Longbottom

Jimena Gallardo x Jebron Perphyra [ @nicos-oc-hell ]

HPMA

Mary Ann Von Deyne x Gabrielle Blanchet [ @nightmaresart ]

Harry Seymour x Savannah Bradford [ @mjs-oc-corner ]

Lennox Arcano-Thorne x TBD [ @gcldensnitch ]

Diana Somerset x Tiberius Dormer

Shreya Battersea-Parsons x John Arthur [ @potionboy3 ] x Kevin Farrell

NON-HP OCS

Lady Marie Beauchamp x Eloise Bridgerton

Lisbeth Foy x Ada Thorne

Esmeralda Yakovsdotter x Genya Safin

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huntedinhavensdale-rpg · 1 year

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Notable Locations:

Just another wee post we’ll update as we go! Message if you’d like anything added.

Montgomery Manor

The town’s once most lavish home owned by the Montgomery family, familiar to all Havensdalers who attended the once annual Winter Masquerade Ball. This is now the HQ for the Bad GuysTM housing their operations and playing host to all allies. Here is where you can most often find Engel, Frederick and Edward.

Sparks Manor

The Sparks family home owned by generations and tucked safely into the heart of the woods. It has acres of land (good for werewolves on a full moon). This has now become a Safe House for the Resistance with magical protection and around the clock patrols of the perimeter. It is locked down. However in truth, Frederick has put a ‘no kill’ order on the home itself as he hopes to have the rest of the Sparks Pack on their side.

The Underground

Accessed through one of the oldest trees in Havensdale and magically sealed by McReid blood, this structure was created by Willow Evermore at the request of Lila McReid who one day feared the worst. Since D-Day, this has become the home to Havensdale Most Wanted and members of the Resistance. With time, it has also doubled as the 2.0 HQ of what’s left of the Institute with Analese Hayes and Marissa Alvez at the helm. It might not be the fanciest place in town but it is the safest.

il Piacere

The world renowned restaurant chain created by Nathan Matthews is still alive and kicking. With doors opened to the new Havensdale by day and by night? It’s a safe house for the Resistance and training ground for wannabe hunters.

McReid Home

After the McReids were forced to flee underground, Original werewolf Lily Whitby has taken over the home and is protecting any secrets left there. This home is a safe place for member of the Resistance as it’s guarded by Lily’s pack of wolves and herself.

#hihtimejump #hihupdates

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goodmamma1 · 2 months

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Check out this listing I just added to my Poshmark closet: James Gamble Rogers, 1867-1947, Entrance to Vanderbilt Clinic.

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if-you-fan-a-fire · 6 months

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"DYING CONVICTS NEGLECTED," Weekly British Whig (Kingston, Ontario). October 20, 1913. Page 3. ---- Charge Made by Guard Frederick Ingledew at Penitentiary Investigation. ---- Accused Overseer Wilson at Refusing to Attend to Convicts in the Hospital---Two Guards Charged With Drunkenness While on Duty---Dr. J. W. Edwards, M.P. At Has Another Tilt With Members of the Commission. ---- That dying convicts were neglected in the hospital at the penitentiary by Overseer Wilson, and that the hospital was in an unsanitary condition, was the evidence given by Frederick Ingledew, a guard, before the Prison Reform Commission, at the Wednesday afternoon session. Overseer Wilson is the official against whom charges were made by Dr. J. W. Edwards, M.P., and the investigation into the charges will be continued as the sessions proceed. Overseer Wilson was not present on Wednesday afternoon when Guard Ingledew made the charges.

Asked about conditions in the hospital, the witness, who was a guard in the hospital, ward for five months, stated that they were very bad. There were no proper conveniences, he said, for the men in the hospital, at nights, and he also classed the hospital as being unsanitary. There was a strict rule that guards must not enter the cells there, under any condition, and that a man might be left there to die under these circumstances. A guard would run a chance of being dismissed should he open a cell door. Proper facilities for giving the convicts a drink were lacking. They were served with water out of a jug.

The witness referred particularly the case of a convict named Pellow. This man, he said, fell in his cell from weakness, and had asked for a glass of water. Pellow died in the Hotel Dieu. Patients were allowed to suffer, and witness had taken it upon himself to send in a report to Ottawa and lodge a complaint against Wilson for refusing to get up out of his bed to attend patients who were dying. The complaint was sent in to Inspector Stewart, but the witness had received no reply to his letter. There were on an average six or seven, and sometimes twelve, men in the hospital. Some of the convicts were very sick.

Witness spoke of a convict named Raymond who, the claimed, had not received the treatment he should have received, and also spoke of a convict named Bunyan, claiming that the latter had been neglected. Bunyan died in the "pen." Wilson had also refused to get up to attend a convict named Lottrigne.

Had a Note Book. The witness produced a note book, from which he secured his information for the commissioners. He said that he had kept tab on all the cases he had referred to.

"What do you think of a penitentiary that has guards going around with note books?" asked Mr. Downey.

"Well, this penitentiary takes the biscuit as far as I am concerned," replied the witness, and the members of the commission and lawyers smiled.

Witness explained that he had kept the note book so as to be able to safeguard himself. He knew of others keeping note books.

Major Hughes pointed out that under the rules and regulations, the officials were provided with a book to keep a record of the conduct of men.

Mr. Whiting asked if the charges of favoritism made by Johnson had been disposed of, whereupon Mr. Stewart stated that there would be no more evidence offered on this claim.

Paid For Examination. Frederick Montgomery, of Odessa, an ex-guard, gave evidence next. He told about being a guard for about two years. He had been examined by Dr. Phelan, at the latter's home, and had been charged $1 for the examination. The doctor told him this was the fee. Previous to his own examination, he had paid a fee of $1 to Dr. Phelan for Elmer Clyde, who had put in an application for the position of guard. Clyde had been examined by Dr. Phelan at the penitentiary. Clyde did not think there would be a fee, did not have the money on hand, and for this reason, witness had loaned him the money.

That he was ill-treated by the de paty warden was another charge made by the witness. When he first went on the staff he was placed in the asylum, where he was kept for four months. After, this he was sent to the isolation ward, where he remained one month, afterwards, going to the yard.

"Why did you think that you were entitled to different treatment?"

"Because other men had been changed from their positions and I felt that I was entitled to a change, too."

Dr. Edwards - "Do you know of any case where the deputy warden was under the influence of liquor?"

"I could smell liquor on his breath."

Witness could not say whether the deputy was under the influence of liquor.

Mr. Whiting cross-examined the witness regarding his medical inspection by Dr. Phelan. He contended that witness at the time of his examination was an applicant for the position of guard, and asked witness about the questions which had been put to him by Dr. Phelan. Witness remembered answering questions on a printed form read by Mr. Whiting.

Owing to the fact that the document had been forwarded to Ottawa It could not be ascertained just what this document contained. A copy of it will be secured from Ottawa.

Drunkenness Charged. Dr. Edwards - "Do you know of your own, knowledge of any guards being drunk at the north gate ?"

"Yes. Doyle and O'Driscoll were drunk at the north gate while оп duty." Witness said there was no doubt about the condition of these men, and that they had not been re- ported. These men had asked a party to go and get them a bottle the same night. Pressed for the name of the man who was asked the witness gave the name of George Aiken.

"And did he go and get the bottle?" asked Mr. Whiting.

"I could not say."

"Do you know if the deputy warden knew anything about the condition of these men?"

"I don't think he did."

"Did you report the matter to him?"

"No, I did not."

"Was it not your duty as an official to report the matter?"

"There were senior officers on duty and I did not consider it was my duty to report the matter."

"Who should have reported the matter?"

Witness said a man named Powell should have reported. Witness was on duty at the time.

Elmer Clyde, another former guard, referred to by the previous witness, told his story. He said he had met the warden, and that the latter wanted him to go on the job. He went to the surgeon, Dr. Phelan, at the north gate, and was examined. Dr. Phelan told him that the fee would be $1. Witness went to work shortly after he was examined, probably a week later. He had signed a document but did not know what it was.

Another witness called was Percy Johnson, an ex-guard, who claimed that he had not been given fair treatment while in the service.

Withess told of an occasion when he was on duty for sixty hours.

"But you were not on duty all the time?" asked Mr. Downey.

"No, I was not, but a man is on duty from the time he goes into the penitentiary until he comes out."

Witness claimed that he was called upon to do the longest period of duty of any of the guards. He was away from his home from Sunday at 8 a.m., until Tuesday, 6 p.m. It was unusual for a guard to do duty for such a long time. Witness was relieved from duty, on a medical certificate, for deafness.

Mr. Whiting asked the witness it he knew for certain that there were no other guards kept on duty for sixty hours. He said he did not think others were kept on that long.

Mr. Stewart read a medical certificate which stated that Johnston had been suffering from deafness, but that he was improving. The certificate stated that witness was not so bad but what he could do ordinary work. Witness said that the trouble he suffered from did not prevent him from doing his duty at the penitentiary.

Still Another Breeze. Mr. Downey then asked if the statement of the witness would be placed on record as the one which was wanting. The witness was the man referred to as having gone to the chairman of the commission, with a complaint.

"That is not the point," said Dr. Edwards. "This is the man who made the charges in writing, in accordance with the wish of the commission, through an advertisement in the news papers. This is the man who was told to go home, and say nothing about it."

"Well," said Mr. Downey, "if this gentleman had come to me, as a commissioner, and told me the story he has told here to-day, I would have given him the same advice as the chairman did. We can't waste much time in that kind of stuff. We have far more serious matters to take up."

Dr. Edwards - "Do you think then, that his evidence is of no value, after you have advertised for information? I think it is up to the commission to hear what the man has to say, and afterwards decide as to whether it is good or not."

Dr. Edwards added: "I think it would be in order for the commission to divide itself into three parts, and each determine as to whether the matter should be gone into further."

"In that case we may be here all winter," remarked Mr. Downey.

"It is for the commission to say," said Dr. Edwards. "This man would not have been here, had he followed the advice given him by the chairman of this commission."

Mr. Stewart naked why a certain keeper had been suspended, and afterwards reduced as a guard. It was found that the man had been found under the influence of liquor.

That the stone pile should be abolished, and that the convicts be provided with the daily newspapers, in its place, was the suggestion made to the Prison Reform Commission, at its session on Thursday morning by an ex-convict from Toronto, who volunteered evidence.

The witness who gave this evidence also criticised some of the statements made by ex-Convict Russell, and made the remark during his evidence that Russell was "talking through his hat."

The commission will adjourn after the evidence of this afternoon has been taken, probably for a week, and maybe for a longer period.

When the Prison Reform Commission met on Thursday morning, Mr. Stewart drew the attention of the commissioners to section 31, of the Penitentiary act, which stated that no officer of the permanent staff could engage in any other trade other than that of work at the penitentlary, without the consent of the governor-in-council.

Mr. Stewart said he made this reference in view of the charges against Dr. Phelan.

John A. Smith, a former guard, was then called. Witness was examined by Dr. Phelan and paid seventy-five cents for the examination. Witness was stationed in the asylum, and was on duty the night an insane convict named Chartrand escaped from the asylum. Witness was suspended the day after Chartrand made his escape.

Dr. Edwards stated that after the witness had been suspended, he had written to Ottawa to have the matter investigated. The secretary to the minister of justice was sent here to investigate. A report of the evidence had been taken and no doubt could be secured.

The escape of Chartrand took place on the night of March 29th, 1912, and the witness went into some of the details. Witness found Chartrand's cell empty, and a "dummy" left in the cell made out of one of the dungeon rugs. Three bars of his cell were found to have been cut, and replaced with pieces of cardboard which had been fitted in and painted.

Witness told about Chartrand having a violin and playing it in his cell. A man might be able to play a violin, and cut the bars of his cell at the same time.

"What are you trying to drive at in this evidence," asked Mr. Downey of Mr. Stewart.

"To show negligence," said Mr. Stewart.

"But can you trace any of this negligence to the deputy warden?"

Mr. Stewart said that it all worked down to the deputy warden.

Witness stated that a knife was found in Chartrand's cell after his escape. The knife was taken in charge by the deputy warden.

"I was suspended by the warden, on the recommendation of the deputy warden, I believe," said the witness.

Witness complained of treatment from the deputy. He wanted te take his little girl to a hospital to be operated upon, and went to the deputy's house at 8 o'clock one morning, to get off duty. The deputy told him his office was at the penitentiary, and that he should take up that matter with him there At 11 o'clock that night, witness secured the permission that was desired.

"What does all this evidence mean?" asked the chairman.

"It goes to show the harsh treatment of the deputy warden towards his men," said Mr. Stewart.

Mr. Whiting then cross-examined the witness. He said he gave evidence at the time of the investigation held by the secretary of the minister of justice. He answered all the questions put to him, at the investigation, but declared he had not been given a chance to tell other things he wanted to tell.

Asked by Mr. Whiting, witness said he had been suspended and discharged.

"Were any charges made against you?" asked Mr. Whiting.

"Yes, there were some charges against me, I believe."

"How many charges?"

"I could not say as to that."

Mr. Whiting then read reports on file at the penitentiary, which showed that Smith, the witness, had been reported on a number of occasions, for not winding up his time clock. As to the complaints of the witness about treatment he had received at the hands of the deputy warden, witness admitted that on the day he wanted to be relieved of duty, he could have gone to the hospital with his little girl, for the operation.

He was able to do so, as he was doing duty at night. The commission at this stage endeavored to get some of the records on file regarding the suspension of Smith, but they couldn't be located. The deputy stated that he had made no written report on Smith, but had reported verbally to the warden.

The chairman did not think that the rules of the institution had been adhered to in the procedure taken. He thought there should have been written report submitted by the deputy.

Mr. Whiting stated that the whole object of the matter was to report the escape of the prisoner to warden, and that the latter was the to investigate. He considered that the right course had been taken.

A book with the orders of suspension were called for, but, strange, to say, although the 'book was left on the table where the commission is in session, on Wednesday afternoon, it could not be found.

The discussion on the dismissal of Guard Smith was then deferred til record's could be secured.

An Ex-Convict Called. An ex-convict, whose name was suppressed by the commission, as the man is out on parole, gave evidence. He volunteered to give evidence, as a result of having heard that the commission would meet to go into the conditions. He had read in the newspapers that Thomas Russell had made some charges about prison food, etc., and that he thought he would come to Kingston and tell what he knew about the conditions.

Witness wrote a letter to the deputy warden regarding the investigation and it was read to the commission. In this letter he denied the statement made by Russell that Roman Catholics were given an advantage. over the Protestants in the different posts of duty.

Witness stated further in his letter that he had a good job as messenger in the kitchen. He considered that this was the best job in the place, and he was a Protestant. "I know for a fact that Russell is talking through his hat."

Witness said he was in the "pen." for twenty-eight months, and had occupied this one position all the time. Asked about Russell's charge that the food was very poor, witness said:

"It is prison food, all right. When a man goes to the penitentiary, he must expect to get food of this kind and different to that which he gets at home. I considered the food pretty fair. The meat was tough at times, but I could always eat it."

Then the witness was asked concerning the conditions in the hospital.

He said he had never been while in the "pen.," but when asked his opinion regarding the hospital, he said the floors and utensils were very dirty.

"What about the stone pile?" the witness was asked.

"I was never on the stone pile and could only tell you what I have heard."

"What about convicts getting tobacco ?"

"I got it occasionally from other convicts."

"From whom did you get it?"

"I can't remember now.'

Witness said he was supplied with chewing tobacco, but no smoking. He did not have to pay for it. As to the charges made by Russell that unnatural charges were committed on the stone pile, witness said that he did not believe it.

"And you say that no preference was shown to the Roman Catholics?"

"No, I don't think so. If a man behaved himself it did not matter what his religion was."

"Did you ever hear this matter dis cussed?"

"I heard it stated that there were always two Roman Catholics in the running."

Asked by Mr. Whiting, witness said that as far as he knew, these men were efficient officers.

"What about the pork complained of by Russell ?"

"Well, some of it WAS pretty strong. But that served from Sunday to Sunday was not so bad."

Mr. Downey asked the witness for his opinion on the system of feeling convicts in their cells.

"I do not like it," said the witness. He thought the suggestion of Mr. Downey, to have the men eat together in a dining room, would be better. He thought such a system would be appreciated by the majority of the convicts.

The evidence then drifted back to the stone pile again, the witness be ing asked to express an opinion.

"Men working on the stone pile soon get that melancholy look," he said. "The work there takes the very heart out of a man."

The stone pile was regarded by the i convicts as a place of punishment. "Occasionally a man asked to be put on, but the majority are crazy to get off. I do not know for a fact of any person's health being injured by the work but I don't see how man could avoid having his health injured.

"What would you recommend in the way of a change?" would say to do away with the stone pile and give the men the daily papers."

Witness stated that when a man served seven or ten years he went out of the prison "dead to all that has happened," as he put it. No newspapers were allowed in the penitentiary. Witness admitted that the convicts generally heard big items of news.

"Did you hear of the Titanic disaster?" asked Mr. Downey.

"Yes, I heard of that."

"It was easier to get tobacco than the newspapers," someone suggested.

Witness stated that one regulation that should be changed was that of the keeping of the convicts in the cells for such a long time, on the occasion of a holiday. For instance, if a holiday occurred on a Monday, a man went into his cell Saturday afternoon, and came out on Tuesday morning. This was certainly a long time for a fellow who could not read.

Witness also complained that he was not allowed to have a toothbrush and no holiday luxuries.

George O. Aiken, appointed a guard in 1902, was called just before the commission adjourned at noon.

The Prison Reform commission has adjourned until next Wednesday morning, when, at 10 a.m., the sessions will be resumed at the penitentiary. The adjournment was made after the hearing on Thursday afternoon.

At the Thursday afternoon session the evidence of some of the present guards and ex-guards was taken, which included complaints they had to make of treatment they had received, and their comment on the management.

G. O. Aiken, one of the guards, was recalled when the commission met on Thursday afternoon.

During the course of his evidence he told of Deputy Warden O'Leary conversing with him on one occasion before an election, when Dr. Edward was nominated as member for Frontenac county. On this occasion the deputy had made the remark that Dr. Edwards had been nominated, but he did not know why, as he did not think much of him.

"What charge does this come under?" asked the chairman. "Political partizanship," remarked Mr. Stewart.

Witness told of a case where he had given reprimanded for not winding up his clock. He had been on duty in the hospital and had stopped to attend to a sick convict. The deputy said to witness, "wind up your clock; you are not responsible if the man dies."

"Is the spy system used by the deputy?"

"Yes, in a good many ways," was the reply.

Witness then complained about the i deputy warden, stating that he went about at nights watching the officials.

"And is that what you call spying?" asked the chairman.

"Is not the deputy responsible, and has he not a right to watch the men?"

"Should the deputy have to ring a bell when he comes around?" asked Mr. Downey.

The chairman - "The rules say that the deputy shall go about and look after the men."

Mr. Downey - "We should not take up the time of the commission on this matter. The deputy has the right to look after his men."

Guard Aiken then told about a telegram being shown to guards at the "pen." on December 19th, 1911. The telegram was one received by Hon. William Harty, from Hon. A. B. Aylesworth, in which the latter stated that he had recommended an increase in salary for the penitentiary officials. A letter from Mr. Aylesworth on the same date to Mr. Harty, referring again to increases for penitentiary officials, was referred to.

The chairman asked that the contents of the telegram and letter be not made public for the present, but that it be handed over to Mr. Whiting.

Mr. Stewart objected to this. He said there may be a dozen more charges laid against officers before the investigation was over. "I'll put in the telegram and letter for what they are worth," said Mr. Stewart.

"There is too much politics in penitentiary matters," said the chairman, hotly, "and we want to keep politics out."

"The way to keep them out is to put these in," said Mr. Stewart.

The chairman - "One party is as much to blame as the other."

Mr. Stewart - "And it should be shown up."

Mr. Stewart then read the letter and telegram referred to, and after it had been read Mr. Whiting said that there was nothing improper about the showing of the letter and telegram.

"And you don't think that was a bad policy?" asked Mr. Stewart of Mr. Whiting.

"They had a perfect right to say just what their policy was and what they intended to do," said Mr. Whiting. "They must have something to go to the country on."

Mr. Whiting then stated that Deputy Warden O'Leary characterized the statement of Guard Aiken as false.

Witness claimed that Dr. Phelan had used improper language towards him, calling him "a d- crank, sneak and disturber." Witness said Dr. Phelan had no reason to use this language towards him.

"And did you think it was import ant enough to repeat to the warden?" asked Mr. Whiting.

"He was away," said the witness, who afterwards stated that Inspector Stewart was in charge. He did not report to him.

Mr. Whiting - "Did you make statement to a man named T. N. Garland, in Ottawa, to the effect that you would not stop until you had Rev. Father McDonald, Deputy Warden O'Leary and Dr. Phelan, all Roman Catholics, out of the penitentiary?"

"No, I did not."

Mr. Whiting - "I have the signature of the man that you did make this statement."

Guard Aiken just before adjournment, on Thursday, stated he had been on duty in the hospital occasionally. He said the sanitary condition was bad. He told of a convict named Paul Brown, a life prisoner. He said Brown had a sore which had not been dressed for eighteen hours.

Samuel A. Greer, guard at the prison from October 1st, 1895, till September 1st, 1907, told of saving a convict Bishop from hanging himself in his cell. He said he was censured by tho deputy warden for not attending to the winding up of his time clock. The deputy told him that if he came across a convict hanging, he was to attend to his clock first. Witness made a verbal report of the case, his explanation was taken, and no action was taken against him.

C. H. Redden, guard, said he had been examined by Dr. Phelan before ne went on the penitentiary staff. He told of having been recommended for a position on the staff, and going to Dr. Phelan to be examined. The doctor told him that there would be a fee of $1.

"And did you pay the fee?" the witness was asked.

"No, I did not. I told him that I would see him later." (Laughter.)

Witness explained that he understood that he would be examined free of charge.

John Bannister, an ex-guard, who went on the job in 1885, and retired March 30th, 1911, was asked if he had any grievance. He complained of being made to work out in the bitter cold on the boats with no shelter in any of the shanties. He said his feet had been frozen, as a result.

James Rutherford, a guard, was questioned regarding the conversation between Dr. Phelan and Guard Aiken, when it was alleged that Dr. Phelan had used bad language towards Aiken.

The witness said he was present and heard some remarks passed by Dr. Phelan towards Mr. Aiken, wit that what the doctor had said was told in the way of a joke, and that neither parties appeared to be angry. This closed t the evidence for afternoon and the chairman the announced that the commission would stand adjourned until Wednesday morning next at 10 o'clock.

Before adjournment Mr. Stewart asked the chairman what the attitude of the commission would be as regards securing the evidence of some of the men who had been mentioned daring the evidence given by other witnesses. There were about ten or twelve men mentioned.

The members of the commission decided to see these men before the next session and decide as to whether the other witnesses would be called.

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brookstonalmanac · 2 months

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Events 2.18 (before 1940)

1229 – The Sixth Crusade: Frederick II, Holy Roman Emperor, signs a ten-year truce with al-Kamil, regaining Jerusalem, Nazareth, and Bethlehem with neither military engagements nor support from the papacy. 1268 – The Battle of Wesenberg is fought between the Livonian Order and Dovmont of Pskov. 1332 – Amda Seyon I, Emperor of Ethiopia begins his campaigns in the southern Muslim provinces. 1478 – George, Duke of Clarence, convicted of treason against his older brother Edward IV of England, is executed in private at the Tower of London. 1637 – Eighty Years' War: Off the coast of Cornwall, England, a Spanish fleet intercepts an important Anglo-Dutch merchant convoy of 44 vessels escorted by six warships, destroying or capturing 20 of them. 1735 – The ballad opera called Flora, or Hob in the Well went down in history as the first opera of any kind to be produced in North America (Charleston, S.C.) 1781 – Fourth Anglo-Dutch War: Captain Thomas Shirley opens his expedition against Dutch colonial outposts on the Gold Coast of Africa (present-day Ghana). 1791 – Congress passes a law admitting the state of Vermont to the Union, effective 4 March, after that state had existed for 14 years as a de facto independent largely unrecognized state. 1797 – French Revolutionary Wars: Sir Ralph Abercromby and a fleet of 18 British warships invade Trinidad. 1814 – Napoleonic Wars: The Battle of Montereau. 1861 – In Montgomery, Alabama, Jefferson Davis is inaugurated as the provisional President of the Confederate States of America. 1861 – With Italian unification almost complete, Victor Emmanuel II of Piedmont, Savoy and Sardinia assumes the title of King of Italy. 1873 – Bulgarian revolutionary leader Vasil Levski is executed by hanging in Sofia by the Ottoman authorities. 1878 – John Tunstall is murdered by outlaw Jesse Evans, sparking the Lincoln County War in Lincoln County, New Mexico. 1885 – Adventures of Huckleberry Finn by Mark Twain is published in the United States. 1900 – Second Boer War: Imperial forces suffer their worst single-day loss of life on Bloody Sunday, the first day of the Battle of Paardeberg. 1906 – Édouard de Laveleye forms the Belgian Olympic Committee in Brussels. 1911 – The first official flight with airmail takes place from Allahabad, United Provinces, British India (now India), when Henri Pequet, a 23-year-old pilot, delivers 6,500 letters to Naini, about 10 kilometres (6.2 mi) away. 1915 – U-boat Campaign: The Imperial German Navy institutes unrestricted submarine warfare in the waters around Great Britain and Ireland. 1930 – While studying photographs taken in January, Clyde Tombaugh discovers Pluto. 1930 – Elm Farm Ollie becomes the first cow to fly in a fixed-wing aircraft and also the first cow to be milked in an aircraft. 1932 – The Empire of Japan creates the independent state of Manzhouguo (the obsolete Chinese name for Manchuria) free from the Republic of China and installed former Chinese Emperor Aisin Gioro Puyi as Chief Executive of the State. 1938 – Second Sino-Japanese War: During the Nanking Massacre, the Nanking Safety Zone International Committee is renamed "Nanking International Rescue Committee", and the safety zone in place for refugees falls apart.

#Events

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revolutionarywarhistory · 1 year

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Benjamin Murdoch's life after the war [Part 1]

1865 map of Frederick County by Simon J. Martenet. Courtesy of the Maryland State Archives' now-defunct Legacy of Slavery project.

Benjamin Murdoch/Murdock, born (and lived most of his life) in Frederick County, was a young man, twenty-one years old in 1780. In previous posts we have noted how Benjamin Murdoch was described by Mountjoy Bayly as an officer in the Maryland Line, the same year that Bayly's first wife, Elizabeth, would die from a form of cancer. Beyond that, we have written about how he commanded the First Company of the Extra Regiment, with Theodore Middleton within the same unit, was promoted in September 1780, and is one of the 19 people in the unit with a pension. There is much more than these titillating tidbits suggest.

Reprinted from my History Hermann WordPress blog.

The final years of the war

Throughout the war, Benjamin held many military positions and was recruited from Frederick County. He was appointed 2nd Lieutenant in the 7th Maryland Regiment, commanded by Col. John Gunby, in April 1777 and continued in this position until May 1779. He returned home after "some difference arose respecting my Rank" which was settled and he returned home. In 1780, after the state created the Extra Regiment, he was appointed as a captain, "one of the oldest...in said Regiment," which implies that the other captains were younger than 21 years, hence they were born after 1759. Other than describing officers such as Alexander Lawson Smith and Edward Giles, he goes on to describe the movement of the regiment to Philadelphia to report to Washington, then once equipped, they marched south to join Nathanial Greene. He adds, still within his federal veterans pension application, that he "left the service in the Spring of 1781 in consequence of the Maryland Line consisting of Eight Regiments being consolidated into Four" and that the officers of the Extra Regiment "were all sent home as supernumaries." He also notes that he was at the Battles of Brandywine, Germantown where he was "wounded," and the battle of Monmouth. Within the same document, Mountjoy Bayly certifies that Murdoch was a captain as noted previously on this blog.

Existing records confirm his account of service. Apart from the question of whether it was him who marched out to Washington County "with all deliberate speed" there is no doubt that he served as a Lieutenant in the Maryland Line and later as a captain. [1] Dr. David B. Boles, the founder of Bolesbooks, who has been publishing family ancestries since the 1980s also mentions Benjamin, writing:

"...A Capt. Benjamin Murdock was also mentioned. Of these the only one who completely checks out was Benjamin Murdock, who was a Lt. of the first Maryland Regiment of Continental troops in Mar 1779, and a Capt. in July 1780. Isaac said that in early 1779, Continental officer Capt. Benjamin Murdock performed enlistment duty in Fredericktown"

After the end of his war service, on December 22, 1781, he married a woman named Mary Ann Magruder in Seneca, Montgomery County, MD. [2] He would eventually have three children with her, named Richard, Eliza, and Anitta. The Magruder family, which were Royalists from Scotland back in the 1650s, had settled in Prince George's County, amassing thousands of acres of land, and became prominent across Southern Maryland.

Little else is known about Benjamin's life in the 1780s. However, it is clear that in 1787, Benjamin sold over 200 acres which had been given to him by his father, Reverend George, when he was only thirteen, in 1772. The above link claims he patented a tract called The Garden two years before. Searching available resources, it shows this is correct. He did patent it, but no more information is known currently as the record has not been scanned in:

Courtesy of plats.net. This was the same source the above link cited.

Looking through the same site, I found a number of tracts named Discovery. They range from 89 to over 173 acres. [3] It is not known which of these Benjamin owned later on in his life. Regardless, he later settled some of his deeds in Montgomery County in the Orphans Court with his relatives there reportedly. There is no doubt, however, that in 1778, a William Murdoch bought a part of a tract named Discovery from Moses Orme. [4] This would be the land Benjamin would own in later years. It is known also how Henry Baggerty and Charles Philips paid Benjamin, described as a planter, for Beall and Edmondson's Discovery. [5] This could be found that this tract was 894 acres but no other information has been found:

Courtesy of Plats.net

#frederick county #maryland #maps #1780s #regiment extra #extra regiment #revolutionary war #american revolution #landowner #acres #1770s

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outoftowninac · 2 years

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THE GAY WHITE WAY

1907 / 1908

The Gay White Way is a three act musical revue (review) with music by Ludwig Englander, and book and lyrics by Sydney Rosenfeld and James Clarence Harvey. It was originally produced by Sam and Lee Shubert, staged by R.H. Burnside with dances arranged by Ralph Post.

“The story of ‘The Gay White Way’ concerns almost anything in general and hardly more than nothing in particular.” ~ Frederick Tragellia

The show was a revised and re-written version of the previous season’s hit Wine, Women and Song.

Interpolated songs included:

"Merry-Go-Round" by Louis A. Hirsch and E. Ray Goetz

"Somebody's Been 'Round Here" by John W. Bratton and Paul West

"If You Must Make Eyes at Someone" by Leo Edwards and Matt Woodward

"Dixie Dan" by Seymour Furth and Will D. Cobb

"My Irish Gibson Girl" by Jean Schwartz and William Jerome

“Under the Matzos Tree” by Fred Fisher and Alexander Carr

About the Title: Broadway was known as ‘the Great White Way’ because of the glare of its lighted marquees. At the time, electricity used in signage was new and eye catching. The words “great” and “gay” were then used interchangeably. In the early part of the 20th century and previous, the word gay inferred frivolity, light-hearted fun, not homosexuality, as it does today.

The revue satirized past and present Broadway hits and locations. Performers played such real-life Broadway luminaries as David Belasco, Alla Nazimova, Eddie Foy, Trixie Friganza (played by her own sister Bessie), Anna Held, Henry Anglin (portrayed by his own son J. Heron), and Margaret Anglin.

"What Is the Gay White Way anyhow?" ~ a November 1908 newspaper article

The Gay White Way - meaning Broadway - is the greatest street In the world. It is a path of pleasure and a morgue of misery, a boisterous boulevard, a mainspring of mirth. Here are the definitions given by the stars and some of the principals of "The Gay White Way":

Jefferson DeAngelis - The Gay White Way is a riot of roses and a ramble of remorse.

Blanche Ring - The Gay White Way is a condition of minds and contradiction of theories.

Alexander Carr - The Gay White Way is the only place where every chorus girl owns an automobile.

Maude Raymond - The Gay White Way is the street on which, if you leave it for season, you will return singing "Somebody's Been Around Here Since I’ve Been Gone.”

Laura Guerite - The Gay White Way is a continuous Tiddly Om Pom. It is a hash of happiness and a goulash of gaiety.

Frank Doane - The Gay White Way is nothing more than a gigantic lemon squeezer, and many a lemon it has squeezed.

The production had its world premiere in Philadelphia on September 23, 1907.

Scenes took place in the Tenderloin, an entertainment and red-light district in the heart of Manhattan during the late 19th and early 20th centuries. The area originally ran from 24th Street to 42nd Street and from Fifth Avenue to Seventh Avenue. In 1960, a Broadway musical titled Tenderloin was set in the district during the 1890s.

The Gay White Way opened on Broadway at the Casino Theatre (1404 Broadway at 39th Street) on October 7, 1907. It was the follow-up to a previous musical revue titled Wine, Women, and Song.

About the Venue: The Casino Theatre was built in 1882 for light musicals and operetta, but showed mostly vaudeville starting in 1892. A 1905 fire necessitated much reconstruction. In February of 1930, the theatre was demolished to make room for the expanding garment district.

A sign outside the Casino lists Jefferson DeAngelis, who played George Dane in the show.

Another sign outside the Casino indicates that Alexander Carr was appearing. He played Montgomery Bernstein Brewster.

[Thanks to the Stuff Nobody Cares About blog for the close-up images]

“A musical comedy stew filled with everything these theatrical cooks, Messrs. Sydney Rosenfeld and Ludwig Englander, could put in it. But one of these men, in cutting up the ingredients, must have dropped in a lemon or two. While the first helping tasted good to a large audience, the second and third act helpings needed large doses of Worcestershire sauce, and then it wasn’t altogether as palatable as had been expected from a peep in advance at the menu before the curtain went up.”

On October 16th it was reported that changes were afoot at The Gay White Way.

This song is not listed as part of opening night, but was probably inserted after the show opened. Featured performer Alex Carr was its author and originator.

On October 26th, a gun misfired onstage injuring Blanche Ring.

On November 18th, a US Senator’s ex-wife joined the cast. Claire Oddie performed under her maiden name of Claire MacDonald. Her ex-husband Tasker Oddie became the 12th Governor of Nevada in 1911 and was one of those who signed the charter for the new city of Las Vegas.

The Gay White Way closed on January 4, 1908 after 105 performances. It began a limited tour in Philadelphia, where it first opened.

On May 29, 1908, The Gay White Way finally played The Gay Wooden Way, appearing at Nixon’s Apollo Theatre in Atlantic City NJ. Original stars Jefferson DeAngelis, Blanche Ring, and Alexander Carr were still performing in the show. The show they performed, however, looked very different than the one that opened in nearby Philadelphia in late September 1907.

#The Gay White Way #Broadway #Broadway Musical #1907 #Atlantic City #Nixon's Apollo Theatre #Casino Theatre #Jefferson D'Angelis #Blanche Ring #Alexander Carr #musical revue #musical #Tenderloin #New York City

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steliosagapitos · 3 years

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Charles Edward Perugini (British painter) 1839 - 1918 The Ramparts, Walmer Castle; Portraits of the Countess Granville, and the Ladies Victoria and Mary Leveson-Gower, 1891

Oil on canvas; 124 x 184 cm. (48.75 x 72.5 in.). Catalogue Note Christie's Exhibited at the Royal Academy in 1891, this attractive triple portrait shows the second wife and two daughters of one of the great Whig magnates of the Victorian age. Granville George Leveson-Gower, second Earl Granville (1815-1891), entered Parliament in 1837, moving to the Lords, where he headed the Liberal party for many years, on his father's death in 1846. During a long political career serving four prime ministers - Palmerston, Lord John Russell, Lord Aberdeen and Gladstone, he held numerous high offices of state and was associated with some of the most important events and significant issues of the day. As colonial and foreign secretary, posts he held for long periods between 1868 and 1886, he was beset by imperialist crises in India and South Africa, Canada and New Zealand. He also had to cope with the Franco-Prussian War and the ambitions of Bismarck, the aftermath of the great Eastern Question of the 1870s, and the occupation of Egypt that ended so tragically with the death of Gordon at Khartoum in January 1885. His urbane, cosmopolitan outlook was an undoubted asset to his party, while his London house in Carlton House Terrace gave it a social centre in much the same way that Holland House, Kensington, had done earlier in the century. Lord Granville's first wife died without issue in 1860. On 26 September 1865, he married Castalia Rosalind (1847-1938), youngest daughter of Walter Frederick Campbell of Islay, Scotland, and a full thirty-two years younger than her husband. It is she who appears on the left in the picture, now forty-four and looking remarkably youthful for her age. Their marriage was to be blessed with five children: Victoria and Sophia, who always seems to have been known as Mary, are the two girls depicted here. Victoria is seated beside her mother, holding a fan behind her head and an open book, from which she has perhaps been reading aloud, on her lap. Her younger sister approaches with a spray of dog-roses. Victoria was now twenty-four and would remain a spinster for some time, marrying Harold John Hastings Russell, a barrister, in 1896. Sophia married Hugh Morrison of Fonthill House, Tisbury, in Wiltshire. For many years he was prominent in local affairs, serving as High Sheriff of the county, a J.P., and Tory member of Parliament for the Salisbury division from 1918. Both sisters produced children, and both outlived their spouses. The ladies are seen on the Kent coast, looking out over the English Channel. Lord John Russell had made Earl Granville Lord Warden of the Ports in 1865, thus enabling his family to use Walmer Castle as a country retreat. Servants have brought out a wicker sofa, furnished with cushions, together with a side-table, books and newspapers, a footstool for Lady Granville and even a carpet, but to the left looms a large cannon as a reminder of the Castle's original purpose. The juxtaposition of this potent symbol of aggression, cast in uncompromising bronze, and the display of femininity represented by the three aristocratic women, fashionably dressed and indulged with every luxury, does much to give the picture its piquancy and edge. The artist Charles Edward Perugini was aged 52 at the time of the picture's exhibition in 1891 and was at the height of his career, this the picture being one of his most ambitious. He had lavished his utmost skill on depicting the dresses, particularly Lady Granville's grey silk gown, and had devised an enchanting colour scheme in which pearly, iridescent tones are set off by bold touches of lacquer-like red, distributed across the canvas from the table in the left foreground to the geraniums in the right middle-distance. In the past Perugini's speciality had been idealised genre subjects, but these were beginning to go out of fashion and it is hard to resist a suspicion that with The Ramparts, Walmer Castle he was making a bid for greater recognition as a painter of society portraits. Perugini had been born in Naples, the son of a singing-master, but had grown up in England since the age of eight. By 1853 he was in Rome, where he met the young Frederic Leighton, the future president of the Royal Academy and undisputed head of the late Victorian art establishment. Perugini became one of Leighton's many protégés, continuing to receive his financial support well into the late 1870s possibly as payment for studio assistance. Certainly Perugini's style as an artist was greatly influenced by Leighton's, and he explored a similar range of subject-matter, operating, as it were, on the borders between modern life and an idealism in the classical-cum-Aesthetic taste. His Girl Reading, shown at the R.A. in 1878, is a perfect example. Like Leighton, moreover, he was loyal first and foremost to the Academy, where he showed almost every year from 1863 to 1915. In 1874 Perugini married Kate Collins, the younger daughter of Charles Dickens and widow of the Pre-Raphaelite painter Charles Allston Collins. (She was hence the sister-in-law of another novelist, Wilkie Collins). She herself was a talented artist, although she is probably best known to posterity as the model for the distraught young woman in Millais' popular painting The Black Brunswicker of 1860. Perugini too was intimate with the great ex-Pre-Raphaelite. Perugini's portrait of the Granvilles vividly reflects these artistic allegiances. Its high degree of finish and polished surfaces are eminently Leightonesque, while the subject evokes comparison with Millais' Hearts are Trumps, his portrait of the three Armstrong sisters shown at the Royal Academy in 1872, which in turn owes a debt to Reynolds's Ladies Waldegrave. Similarly, if a little more subtly, Perugini's portrait seems to echo Three Ladies adorning a Term of Hymen, Sir Joshua's portrait of the three Montgomery sisters that had been in the National Gallery in London since 1837. The mingling of standing and seated figures in Perugini's design, their conversational interaction, and the part played by flowers (the bouquet in the Countess's lap, the garlands held by Sophia) in linking them together, all suggest that the artist had found inspiration in this monumental work. Only a few portraits Royal Academy were noticed by the critics. F.G. Stephens, the veteran critic on the Athenaeum thought the picture 'pretty and excessively polished, somewhat flat and hard, yet bright, studious, and pure. The ladies are marvellously attired, and beautiful according to the standard of the Book of Beauty'. Stephens felt it was 'Mr Perugini's best work', exhibited to date. The masterpiece to which the artist had so clearly aspired had been achieved.

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goalhofer · 2 years

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2021 law enforcement in memoriam.

Sgt. Gordon W. Best, North Myrtle Beach DPS EOW 1/1/21

Sgt. Daniel M. Mobley, DeKalb County PD EOW 1/2/21

Pc. Cecil E. Nunley, Sequatchie County CO EOW 1/2/21

Lt. Jeff Bain, DeKalb County SO EOW 1/3/21

Dy. Nicholas A. Howell, Henry County SO EOW 1/3/21

Sgt. Randall Sims, Texas Department Of Corrections EOW 1/3/21

Spl. Dy. Mar. Havonia D. Holley, U.S. Marshals Service EOW 1/5/21

K9 Figo, Cullman County SO EOW 1/5/21

Dy. Jonathan D. Price, Marion County SO EOW 1/6/21

Ofc. Jay Hughes, Kalispel Tribal PD EOW 1/6/21

Ofc. Brian D. Sicknick, U.S. Capitol PD EOW 1/7/21

Sgt. David G. Crumpler, Henry County PD EOW 1/7/21

1st Sgt. Timothy L. Howell, North Carolina Highway Patrol EOW 1/7/21

Lt. William L. Gardner, Denver City PD EOW 1/7/21

Conserv. Ofc. Steven Reighard, Iowa DNR EOW 1/8/21

Ofc. Arturo Villegas, Alamo PD EOW 1/10/21

Ofc. Tyler Britt, Chandler PD EOW 1/11/21

Sgt. Brian R. LaVigne, Hillsborough County SO EOW 1/11/21

Agent Luis A. Marrero-Díaz, DDP De Puerto Rico EOW 1/11/21

Agent Luis X. Salamán-Conde, DDP Municipal De Carolina EOW 1/11/21

Agent Eliezer Hernández-Cartagena, DDP Municapal De Carolina EOW 1/11/21

Det. Camerino Santiago, El Paso PD EOW 1/11/21

Ofc. Melton Gore, Horry County PD EOW 1/12/21

Sgt. Frederick H. Cameron, Fairfax County SO EOW 1/12/21

Sgt. Amelia T. Martinez, Los Angeles PD EOW 1/13/21

Det. Sgt. Stephen R. Desfosses, Norton PD EOW 1/13/21

Ofc. Hector Moya, Newark PD EOW 1/13/21

Chief Tony M. Jordan, Middleburg Borough PD EOW 1/13/21

Inv. Richard A. Sepolio, Harris County DA EOW 1/13/21

Ofc. Joseph H. Montgomery, Arizona State University PD EOW 1/14/21

Cpl. Christine Peters, Greenbelt PD EOW 1/14/21

Pc. Sherry K. Langford, Henderson County CO EOW 1/14/21

Lt. Treva Preston, Texas Department Of Corrections EOW 1/15/21

Cor. Ofc. Alfred Jimenez, Texas Department Of Corrections EOW 1/15/21

Ofc. Jerry S. Hemphill, Lanier Technical College PD EOW 1/16/21

Sgt. Edward J. Marcurella; Jr., Colleton County SO EOW 1/16/21

Lt. John Reynolds, Garden Grove PD EOW 1/17/21

Cor. Ofc. Joseph A. Martini Ulster County SO EOW 1/17/21

Dy. Adam Gibson, Sacramento County SO EOW 1/18/21

Cor. Dy. Ralph E. Serrano, San Diego County Probation Dept. EOW 1/18/21

Bailiff Gerald Smith, Pahrump Justice Court EOW 1/18/21

Ofc. Brandon M. Stalker, Toledo PD EOW 1/18/21

Warrants Ofc. Toby Keiser, Knox County SO EOW 1/18/21

K9 Riley, Sacramento County SO EOW 1/18/21

Dy. Jacinto R. Navarro; Jr., Palm Beach County SO EOW 1/19/21

Ofc. Byron D. Shields, U.S. Border Patrol EOW 1/20/21

Lt. Robert Van Zeyl, Suffolk County PD EOW 1/20/21

Lt. Frank Arnold, California Dept. Of Protective Services EOW 1/22/21

Sp. Agent Wayne D. Snyder, Georgia Dept. Of Corrections EOW 1/23/21

Lt. Juan R. Rivera-Padua, DDP De Puerto Rico EOW 1/23/21

Sp. Dy. Marshal Craig A. Kriner, U.S. Marshals Service EOW 1/23/21

Capt. Michael D. Garigan, Gordon County SO EOW 1/24/21

Lt. Hasain El-Amin, Arkansas State Hospital DPS EOW 1/25/21

Sgt. Charles F. Dotson, Baton Rouge PD EOW 1/25/21

Dy. Frank G. Holguin III, Tulare County SO EOW 1/27/21

Aux. Sgt. Louis M. Livatino, Jacksonville SO EOW 1/27/21

Cor. Ofc. John M. Bowe, Missouri Dept. Of Corrections EOW 1/27/21

Dir. Of Field Operations Beverly Good, U.S. Border Patrol EOW 1/28/21

Sgt. Tommy W. Cudd, Union County SO EOW 1/28/21

Sgt. Jeffery R. Smith, Berry College PD EOW 1/29/21

Sp. Agent Robert A. Mayer; Jr., U.S. Border Patrol EOW 1/30/21

Sgt. William P. Brautigam, New York PD EOW 1/31/21

Sp. Agent Jimmie J. Daniels, FBI EOW 2/1/21

Cor. Ofc. Juan Llanes, Miami-Dade County Dept. Of Corrections EOW 2/1/21

Sgt. Grace A. Bellamy, Georgia Dept. Of Corrections EOW 2/1/21

Lt. Michael Boutte, Hancock County SO EOW 2/1/21

Sp. Agent Laura A. Schwartzenberger, FBI EOW 2/2/21

Sp. Agent Daniel Alfin, FBI EOW 2/2/21

Det. Ofc. Robert Perez, Harris County SO EOW 2/2/21

Dy. Jack E. Gwynes, Nassau County SO EOW 2/3/21

Agent Juan Rosado-López, DDP De Puerto Rico EOW 2/3/21

Ptlm. Darian Jarrott, New Mexico State Police EOW 2/4/21

Cor. Lt. Anthony L. Hardie, North Carolina Dept. Of Corrections EOW 2/6/21

Det. Pedro J. Mejia, Pasadena PD EOW 2/6/21

Ofc. Cesar D. Sibonga, U.S. Border Patrol EOW 2/7/21

Sp. Dy. Marshal Vincent A. Gala; Jr., U.S. Marshals Service EOW 2/8/21

Dy. Ross Dixon, Cambria County SO EOW 2/9/21

Cor. Ofc. Vicky James, Texas Dept. Of Corrections EOW 2/10/21

Inv. Eddie B. Hutchinson III, Walker County DA’s Office EOW 2/10/21

Sp. Dy. Marshal Hugh B. Bennett, U.S. Marshals Service EOW 2/10/21

Chief Timothy J. Sheehan, California Borough PD EOW 2/11/21

Dy. Donald R. Gilreath III, Hamilton County SO EOW 2/12/21

Ofc. Mitchell A. Penton, Dallas PD EOW 2/13/21

Ofc. Genaro Guerrero, U.S. Border Patrol EOW 2/15/21

Cor. Ofc. Tawiwo Obele, Texas Dept. Of Corrections EOW 2/16/21

Maj. Esteban Ramirez III, Bell County SO EOW 2/16/21

Dy. Manuel P. De La Rosa, Hays County CO EOW 2/16/21

Sgt. Richard P. Brown, Fresno PD EOW 2/17/21

Dy. Michael J. Magli, Pinellas County SO EOW 2/17/21

Ofc. Horacio S. Dominguez, Miccosukee Tribal PD EOW 2/21/21

Lt. Eugene Lasco, Indiana Dept. Of Corrections EOW 2/21/21

Natural Resources Ofc. Jason Lagore, Ohio DNR EOW 2/23/21

Parole Ofc. Troy K. Morin, Texas Parole Division EOW 2/23/21

Ofc. Carlos Mendoza, U.S. Homeland Security EOW 2/24/21

Dy. Thomas J. Albanese, Los Angeles County SO EOW 2/25/21

K9 Luna, Duluth PD EOW 2/25/21

Res. Dy. Martinus M. Mitchum, 2nd City Court Of New Orleans EOW 2/26/21

Ofc. Dominic J. Winum, Stanley PD EOW 2/26/21

Capt. Justin W. Bedwell, Decatur County SO EOW 3/1/21

Ofc. Jose L. Anzora, Los Angeles PD EOW 3/3/21

Lt. Kenny L. Gibbons, Dyer County SO EOW 3/4/21

Cor. Ofc. Tracey Adams, Texas Dept. Of Corrections EOW 3/6/21

Ofc. Crispin S. San Jose, U.S. Border Patrol EOW 3/9/21

Ofc. Jesse P. Madsen, Tampa PD EOW 3/9/21

Sgt. Barry E. Henderson, Polk County SO EOW 3/9/21

Dy. Stanley Burdic, Douglas County SO EOW 3/11/21

Ofc. Gary Hibbs, Chicago Heights PD EOW 3/12/21

Agent Alejandro Flores-Bañuelos, U.S. Border Patrol EOW 3/15/21

Ofc. Kevin Valencia, Orlando PD EOW 3/15/21

Sgt. LaShonda Owens, Northampton County SO EOW 3/18/21

Ofc. Matt North, Bernice PD EOW 3/20/21

Ofc. Eric H. Talley, Boulder PD EOW 3/22/21

Chief Fred A. Posavetz, Clinton Township PD EOW 3/22/21

Cor. Ofc. Robert McFarland, Iowa Dept. Of Corrections EOW 3/23/21

SM Tpr. Todd A. Hanneken, Illinois State Police EOW 3/25/21

Cpl. Kyle J. Davis, Washington County SO EOW 3/25/21

Tpr. Joseph Gallagher, New York State Police EOW 3/26/21

Sgt. Shane Owens, Broward County SO EOW 3/27/21

Tpr. Chad M. Walker, Texas Highway Patrol EOW 3/28/21

Res. Dy. James Driver, Monroe County SO EOW 3/29/21

Cor. Ofc. Luis A. Hernandez, Texas Dept. Of Corrections EOW 3/31/21

Ofc. William F. Evans, U.S. Capitol PD EOW 4/2/21

Lt. James Kouski, Hometown PD EOW 4/3/21

Ofc. Brent N. Hall, Newton Grove PD EOW 4/3/21

Dy. Joseph B. Gore, Brunswick County SO EOW 4/3/21

Dy. Christopher W. Knight, Bibb County SO EOW 4/6/21

Sgt. James K. Smith, Iowa State Patrol EOW 4/9/21

Cor. Dy. Willie L. Dortch, Shelby County SO EOW 4/9/21

Dy. Thomas P. Barnes, Jefferson Davis County SO EOW 4/10/21

Dy. Carlos A. Hernandez, Palm Beach County SO EOW 4/11/21

Agent Christopher S. Simpkins, U.S. Border Patrol EOW 4/12/21

Det. Harry O. D’Onofrio, New York PD EOW 4/14/21

Detention Dy. Mark E. Anderson, Olmsted County SO EOW 4/15/21

Cor. Ofc. Jimmy Garcia, Texas Dept. Of Corrections EOW 4/15/21

Ofc. David Parde, Lexington PD EOW 4/18/21

Dy. Terry Dyer, Madison County SO EOW 4/20/21

K9 Joker, Indian River County SO EOW 4/21/21

Dy. Alexander Gwosdz, Harris County SO EOW 4/22/21

Cor. Ofc. Alexey B. Aguilar, Miami-Dade Dept. Of Corrections EOW 4/23/21

K9 Kozmo, Mesquite PD EOW 4/26/21

Lt. Adam Whisenant, Florida Div Alcoholic Beverages/Tobacco EOW 4/27/21

Det. Anastasios Tsakos, New York PD EOW 4/27/21

K9 Jango, Bakersfield PD EOW 4/27/21

Cpl. Keith Heacook, Delmar PD EOW 4/28/21

Sgt. Chris Ward, Watauga County SO EOW 4/28/21

Dy. Logan Fox, Watauga County SO EOW 4/28/21

Ofc. Christopher Farrar, Chandler PD EOW 4/30/21

Det. Ofc. Michael Wall, Los Angeles County Probation Dept. EOW 4/30/21

Cor. Ofc. David J. Jean-Baptiste, Miami-Dade County Corrections EOW 5/1/21

Ofc. David A. Marshall, Texas Christian University PD EOW 5/1/21

Sgt. John Burright, Oregon State Police EOW 5/4/21

Agent Freddie Vazquez, U.S. Border Patrol EOW 5/8/21

Det. Luca Benedetti, San Luis Obispo PD EOW 5/10/21

Dy. Samuel A. Leonard, Concho County SO EOW 5/10/21

Sgt. Stephen Jones, Concho County SO EOW 5/10/21

Ofc. Jimmy Inn, Stockton PD EOW 5/11/21

K9 Khan, Monroe County SO EOW 5/14/21

K9 Jaeger, Stephens County SO EOW 5/14/21

Dy. James Herrera, Denver SO EOW 5/16/21

Lt. Adam Gustafson, West Fargo PD EOW 5/18/21

Supt. Scott D. Mahoney, Delaware County Bureau Of Park Police EOW 5/18/21

Ofc. Chris Oberheim, Champaign PD EOW 5/19/21

Ofc. Jeremy Brinton, Nogales PD EOW 5/21/21

Cpl. Thomas W. Frazier, Artesia PD EOW 5/21/21

Ofc. Scott Triplett, Memphis PD EOW 5/22/21

Det. Stephen C. Arnold, Jefferson Parish SO EOW 5/23/21

Conservation Ofc. Sarah A. Backer-Grell, Minnesota DNR EOW 5/24/21

Dy. Daniel Trujillo, Denver SO EOW 5/26/21

Tpr. John Harris, Mississippi Highway Patrol EOW 5/28/21

Agent Juan M. Urrutia, U.S. Border Patrol EOW 5/28/21

Dy. Dustin K. Speckels, Hays County SO EOW 5/30/21

Ofc. Ginarro A. New, Phoenix PD EOW 5/31/21

Sgt. Dominic Vaca, San Bernardino County SO EOW 5/31/21

Det. Ryan Park, San Diego PD EOW 6/4/21

Det. Jamie Huntley-Park, San Diego PD EOW 6/4/21

Ofc. Enmanuel Familia, Worcester PD EOW 6/4/21

K9 Kitt, Braintree PD EOW 6/4/21

Dy. William H. Smith, Baldwin County SO EOW 6/6/21

Ofc. Steven L. Rodriguez, New York PD EOW 6/9/21

Sgt. Erasmo García-Torres, DDP De Puerto Rico EOW 6/10/21

Ofc. Alexandra B. Harris, Seattle PD EOW 6/13/21

Sgt. Paul K. Mooney, Texas Highway Patrol EOW 6/14/21

Ofc. Joseph W. Burson, Holly Springs PD EOW 6/17/21

Sgt. Thomas E. Sawyer, Hammond PD EOW 6/17/21

Cor. Ofc. Gabriel Forrest, Washington State Dept. Corrections EOW 6/17/21

Sgt. Rick Entmeier, Ft. Smith PD EOW 6/18/21

Ofc. Lewis F. Cantey, Grand River Dam Authority PD EOW 6/18/21

Lt. Clinton J. Ventrca, Corinth PD EOW 6/20/21

Ofc. Gordon Beesly, Arvada PD EOW 6/21/21

K9 Zena, Cocoa PD EOW 6/23/21

Ofc. Jason T. Swanger, Las Vegas Metropolitan PD EOW 6/24/21

Ofc. Kevin Apple, Pea Ridge PD EOW 6/26/21

Dy. Anthony Redondo, Imperial County SO 6/26/21

K9 Max, St. Joseph PD EOW 6/30/21

Lt. Leslie Lentz, Missouri Dept. Of Corrections EOW 7/1/21

Det. Jon A. Cooke, Hollywood PD EOW 7/2/21

Ofc. Clinton A. Martin, Alpharetta PD EOW 7/3/21

Det. Greg Ferency, Terre Haute PD EOW 7/7/21

Cpl. Darryl D. Cross; Jr., Detroit PD EOW 7/8/21

Capt. Clay M. Germany, Wichita PD EOW 7/9/21

Ofc. William E. Collins; Jr., Doyline PD EOW 7/9/21

Sgt. Joshua B. Bartlett, Lubbock County SO EOW 7/15/21

Det. Juan A. Delgado, Bay City PD EOW 7/15/21

Ofc. Ruben Facio, U.S. Border Patrol EOW 7/17/21

Reserve Dy. Tom L. Hoobler, Childress County SO EOW 7/17/21

Sgt. Sonny L. Orbin, Missouri Dept. Of Corrections EOW 7/18/21

Ofc. Ricky N. Roberts, McLennan Community College PD EOW 7/19/21

Dy. Ray W. McCrary; Jr., Shelby County SO EOW 7/20/21

Ofc. Michael A. Sillman, Marion County SO EOW 7/20/21

Cor. Ofc. Robert L. Welch III, Missouri Dept. Of Corrections EOW 7/22/21

Ofc. J. Adam Ashworth, St. George PD EOW 7/22/21

Sgt. Jeremy Brown, Clark County SO EOW 7/23/21

Dy. Phillip J. Campas, Kern County SO EOW 7/25/21

Cor. Ofc. Daniel Giorgi, Texas Dept. Of Corrections EOW 7/25/21

K9 Jas, Savannah PD EOW 7/25/21

K9 Rex, Michigan State Police EOW 7/25/21

Ofc. Marquis D. Moorer, Selma PD EOW 7/27/21

Ofc. Ryan A. Bialke, Red Lake Nation PD EOW 7/27/21

Lt. Matthew D. Razukas, New Jersey State Police EOW 7/27/21

Cpl. Albert R. Gomez, White Settlement PD EOW 7/27/21

Dy. Justin Smith, Burt County SO EOW 7/28/21

Lt. Gilbert C. McClure, Texarkana PD EOW 7/28/21

Tpr. Micah D. May, Nevada Highway Patrol EOW 7/29/21

Ofc. Jonathan M. Gumm, Joint Base Lewis-McChord PD EOW 7/29/21

Supervisory Agent Daniel P. Cox, U.S. Border Patrol EOW 7/31/21

Ofc. Lewis A. Traylor, Austin PD EOW 7/31/21

Agent Edgardo Acosta-Feliciano, U.S. Border Patrol EOW 7/31/21

Dy. Shaun C. Waters, Harris County SO EOW 8/1/21

Cor. Ofc. Maurice Jackson, Robertsdale PD EOW 8/3/21

Sheriff Lee D. Vance, Hinds County SO EOW 8/3/21

Ofc. Scott R. Dawley, Nelsonville PD EOW 8/3/21

Ofc. George Gonzalez, Pentagon Force Protection Agency EOW 8/3/21

K9 Byrd, Texas Highway Patrol EOW 8/3/21

Ofc. Brian R. Pierce; Jr., Brooklyn PD EOW 8/4/21

Dy. James Morgan, Baxter County SO EOW 8/5/21

Ofc. Bryan C. Hawkins, Lake City PD EOW 8/5/21

Dy. Brandon A. Shirley, Jefferson County SO EOW 8/5/21

Ofc. Ella G. French, Chicago PD EOW 8/7/21

Lt. Lonny Hempstead, Lafayette County SO EOW 8/10/21

Lt. Dennis D. Sylvester; Jr., Port Wentworth PD EOW 8/11/21

Reserve Sgt. John R. Bullard; Jr., Independence PD EOW 8/11/21

Cor. Dy. Michael A. Nowak, Leon County SO EOW 8/11/21

Capt. Ramsey O. Mannon, Effingham County SO EOW 8/12/21

Cor. Ofc. Dennis Bennett, Missouri Dept. Of Corrections EOW 8/12/21

Agent Robert D. Daffin; Jr., George County SO EOW 8/12/21

Sp. Agent Gregory C. Holland, U.S. VA Police Services EOW 8/13/21

K9 Riggs, Oakland County SO EOW 8/13/21

Ofc. Juan M. Gomez-Lopez, Pelham PD EOW 8/14/21

Ofc. Jennifer B. Sepot, Ft. Lauderdale PD EOW 8/14/21

Tpr. Lazaro R. Febles, Florida Higway Patrol EOW 8/14/21

Sgt. Ryan J. Proxmire, Kalamazoo County SO EOW 8/15/21

Ofc. Robert C. Cloninger Mt. Gilead PD EOW 8/15/21

Sgt. Steven Mazzotta, Lee County SO EOW 8/16/21

Det. Raymond O. Williamson, Pasco County SO EOW 8/16/21

Ofc. Robert A. Williams, West Palm Beach PD EOW 8/16/21

Dy. Dennis W. Dixon, Catawba County SO EOW 8/16/21

Forensic Spc. Hans Molina-Terrazas, Stein Forensic Facility EOW 8/16/21

Agent Ricardo Zarate, U.S. Border Patrol EOW 8/16/21

Ofc. Jason Raynor, Daytona Beach PD EOW 8/17/21

Ofc. Yokemia L. Conyers, U.S. Border Patrol EOW 8/18/21

Sgt. Joe Olivares, Texas Dept. Of Corrections EOW 8/18/21

Ofc. Edward Perez, Miami Beach PD EOW 8/19/21

Dy. Eric O. Ritter, Moore County SO EOW 8/19/21

Sgt. John Harris, Tulsa County SO EOW 8/19/21

Sgt. Kuo-Sheng Wang, South Houston PD EOW 8/19/21

Ofc. Monica J. Riola, U.S. Border Patrol EOW 8/20/21

Sgt. Frank Tobar, Palm Bay PD EOW 8/20/21

Sgt. Patrick W. Madison, Coral Springs PD EOW 8/20/21

Det. Rodney L. Davis, Waycross PD EOW 8/20/21

Cor. Ofc. Darryl Goodrich; Jr., Washington Dept. Of Corrections EOW 8/20/21

K9 Ivar, Livingston Parish SO EOW 8/20/21

Dy. Harry Hutchinson, Blount County SO EOW 8/21/21

Dy. Jody Hull; Jr., St. Johns County SO EOW 8/21/21

Cor. Dy. Kevin Kokinis, Branch County SO EOW 8/22/21

Tpr. James J. Monda, New York State Police EOW 8/22/21

Det. Manuel C. Widner, Paris PD EOW 8/22/21

Ofc. Matthew A. Jimenez, Beeville PD EOW 8/22/21

Reserve Ofc. David Ruiz, Dallas PD EOW 8/22/21

Sgt. Thomas Infante, Harris County CO EOW 8/22/21

Dy. Christopher Broadhead, Polk County SO EOW 8/23/21

Ofc. Erik J. Skelton, U.S. Border Patrol EOW 8/24/21

Dy. Roger A. Mitchell, Sullivan County SO EOW 8/24/21

Dy. 1st Class Douglas L. Clark, Manatee County SO EOW 8/25/21

Chief Kenneth Kirkland, Colquitt PD EOW 8/25/21

Capt. Joseph Manning, Wayne County SO EOW 8/25/21

Dy. Christopher J. Bachelor, Hall County SO EOW 8/25/21

Sgt. John L. Trout, Bernice PD EOW 8/25/21

Cor. Dy. Lakiesha Tucker, Shelby County SO EOW 8/25/21

Senior Ofc. Randolph Boyd; Jr., Austin PD EOW 8/25/21

Sgt. Clay Garrison, Port Of Galveston PD EOW 8/25/21

Ofc. Brandon Ard, Orange Beach PD EOW 8/26/21

Ofc. Harminder Grewal, Galt PD EOW 8/26/21

Cor. Ofc. Trainee Whitney Cloud, Florida Dept. Of Corrections EOW 8/26/21

Dy. 1st Class Paul Luciano, Flagler County SO EOW 8/26/21

Senior Sgt. Steve Urias, Austin PD EOW 8/26/21

Sgt. Christopher R. Wilson, Texas Parks & Wildlife Dept. EOW 8/26/21

Det. Anthony Standley, Oyster Creek PD EOW 8/26/21

Ofc. Michael Weiskopf, St. Petersburg PD EOW 8/27/21

Cor. Ofc. James N. Henry, Hays County SO EOW 8/27/21

Tpr. Sean C. Hryc, Florida Highway Patrol EOW 8/28/21

Sgt. Jason Donaldson, Caldwell County SO EOW 8/28/21

K9 Axel, Kent County SO EOW 8/28/21

Ofc. Shane Green, Sheridan PD EOW 8/29/21

Agent Chad E. McBroom, U.S. Border Patrol EOW 8/29/21

Dy. Clint R. Seagle, Clay County SO 8/29/21

Ofc. Edgar Pales; Jr., Owasso PD EOW 8/29/21

Sgt. Eric Scherr, Aurora PD EOW 8/30/21

Capt. Michael J. Stokes, Houston County SO EOW 8/30/21

Cor. Sgt. Ledell Graham, North Carolina Dept. Of Corrections EOW 8/30/21

Public Safety Ofc. Dustin M. Beasley, North Augusta DPS EOW 8/30/21

K9 Duke, Virginia State Police EOW 8/30/21

Dy. 1st Class William Diaz, Lee County SO EOW 8/31/21

Ofc. Freddie J. Castro, Overland Park PD EOW 8/31/21

Ofc. Trey Copeland, Cotton Valley PD EOW 8/31/21

Dy. Carlos D. Ortiz, Colorado County SO EOW 8/31/21

Lt. Robert Travelstead, Sonoma County SO EOW 9/1/21

Sgt. Daniel E. Watts, Jacksonville Beach PD EOW 9/1/21

Ofc. Gregory R. Young, Vernon College PD EOW 9/1/21

Sgt. Brian Mohl, Connecticut State Police EOW 9/2/21

Senior Ofc. David B. Saavedra, U.S. Border Patrol EOW 9/2/21

Sgt. William J. Yancey, Lake City PD EOW 9/2/21

Ofc. Frankie A. Gutierrez, Newnan PD EOW 9/2/21

Inv. Richard W. Humphrey, Baldwin County DA Office EOW 9/3/21

Dy. Jody Smith, Carroll County SO EOW 9/3/21

Det. Sgt. Derek E. Sidwell, Overton County SO EOW 9/3/21

Dy. Ronald R. Butler, Bexar County SO EOW 9/3/21

Marshal Michael A. Keathley, West PD EOW 9/3/21

Cor. Ofc. Honorato Antones, Texas Dept. Of Corrections EOW 9/3/21

Det. Tom Breedlove, Hernando County SO EOW 9/4/21

Det. Ofc. Tara L. Cook, Whitfield County SO EOW 9/4/21

Ofc. Edgar Morris, Collierville PD EOW 9/4/21

Sgt. Matthew C. Moore, Arkansas Highway Police EOW 9/5/21

Dy. Michael Neau, Okaloosa County SO EOW 9/5/21

Ofc. Robert T. Joiner, Ector County Ind. School District PD EOW 9/5/21

Parole Ofc. Huey P. Prymus III, Texas Division Of Parole EOW 9/5/21

K9 Kyra, Ford County SO EOW 9/6/21

Parole Ofc. Broderick R. Daye, Iowa Dept. Of Corrections EOW 9/7/21

Cor. Ofc. Glenn Skeens, Texas Dept. Of Corrections EOW 9/7/21

Cor. Dy. Rodrigo Delgado, San Diego County Probation Dept. EOW 9/8/21

Inv. Dusty Wainscott, Grayson County SO EOW 9/8/21

Ofc. Bonnie N. Jones, Danville PD EOW 9/9/21

Ofc. Clifford D. Crouch, Tallahassee PD EOW 9/11/21

Ofc. David A. Horton, Darien PD EOW 9/11/21

Dy. Darrell L. Henderson, Shiawassee County SO EOW 9/11/21

Sgt. Gino Caputo, Barrington PD EOW 9/11/21

Det. Charles C. Vroom, Nassau County PD EOW 9/12/21

Dy. Robert C. Mills, Butler County SO EOW 9/12/21

Ofc. Stephen Jones, Barnwell PD EOW 9/12/21

Sp. Agent Dustin Slovacek, Texas Dept. Of Criminal Investigation EOW 9/12/21

Cor. Ofc. Echo Rodriguez, Texas Dept. Of Corrections EOW 9/12/21

Lt. James Guynes, Monroe County SO EOW 9/13/21

Sgt. Bobby Williams, Muscogee County SO EOW 9/13/21

Ofc. Noah R. LeBlanc, Laguna Vista PD EOW 9/13/21

Sgt. Shad Hammond, Texas Dept. Of Corrections EOW 9/13/21

Cor. Ofc. Jose A. Hernandez, Texas Dept. Of Corrections EOW 9/13/21

Dy. Willie E. Hall, Jefferson County SO EOW 9/14/21

Ofc. Blaize Madrid-Evans, Independence PD EOW 9/15/21

Probation Ofc. Julie A. Harper, North Carolina Dept. Corrections EOW 9/15/21

Cor. Ofc. Chris Watson, Texas Dept. Of Corrections EOW 9/15/21

Sgt. Steven L. Marshall, Chatsworth PD EOW 9/15/21

K9 Tito, Eufaula PD EOW 9/15/21

Ofc. Michelle Gattey, Georgetown PD EOW 9/16/21

Lt. Earnest Oldham, Plano PD EOW 9/16/21

Capt. David E. MacAlpine, New Hanover County SO EOW 9/17/21

Ofc. Carl Proper, Kings Mountain PD EOW 9/17/21

Lt. John Stewart, Lake City PD EOW 9/17/21

Sgt. Richard J. Frankie, Ft. Bend Ind. School District PD EOW 9/17/21

Tpr. Brian Pingry, Florida Highway Patrol EOW 9/18/21

Cpl. Gregory Campbell, Richmond County SO EOW 9/18/21

Lt. Brandi Stock, Brooklet PD EOW 9/19/21

Ofc. Jimmie A. Shindler, Memphis PD EOW 9/20/21

Senior Ofc. William Jeffrey, Houston PD EOW 9/20/21

Sgt. Sherman Peebles, Muscogee County SO EOW 9/21/21

Sgt. David Miller, Clarksville PD EOW 9/22/21

Cor. Ofc. Cleadas Sherman, Texas Dept. Of Corrections EOW 9/22/21

Ofc. Joseph J. Kurer, Fond Du Lac PD EOW 9/22/21

Agent Luis H. Dominguez, U.S. Border Patrol EOW 9/23/21

Dy. Luke R. Gross, Hancock County SO EOW 9/23/21

Senior Cpl. Arnulfo Pargas, Dallas PD EOW 9/23/21

Cpl. Charles W. Catron, Carroll County SO EOW 9/23/21

Senior Dy. Phillip D. Barron; Jr., Victoria County SO EOW 9/24/21

Ofc. Anthony C. Testa, West Palm Beach PD EOW 9/25/21

Dy. Matthew Locke, Hardin County SO EOW 9/25/21

Cor. Ofc. Charles Hughes, Texas Dept. Of Corrections EOW 9/25/21

Cor. Ofc. Connell Foreman, Texas Dept. Of Corrections EOW 9/25/21

Agent David B. Ramirez, U.S. Border Patrol EOW 9/26/21

Dy. Joshua Moyers, Nassau County SO EOW 9/26/21

Cpl. Robert W. Nicholson, Clark County SO EOW 9/26/21

Ofc. Donald Hall, Magnolia PD EOW 9/26/21

Undersheriff Jeffrey Montoya, Colfax County SO EOW 9/26/21

Ofc. Brian L. Rowland, Pittsburgh Bureau Of Police EOW 9/26/21

Ofc. Gregory L. Triplett, Waverly PD EOW 9/26/21

Tpr. Eric T. Gunderson, Washington State Patrol EOW 9/26/21

Agent Alfredo M. Ibarra, U.S. Border Patrol EOW 9/27/21

Det. Ofc. Tony L. Bruce, Bay County SO EOW 9/27/21

Ofc. Howard K. Smith III, Owasso PD EOW 9/27/21

Sgt. Joshua W. Stewart, Sullivan County SO EOW 9/27/21

Chief Derek S. Asdot, Green Cove Springs PD EOW 9/28/21

Sgt. Michael T. Thomas, Griffin PD EOW 9/28/21

Sgt. Logan Davis, Iron County SO EOW 9/28/21

Cor. Cpl. Terrell K. Jordan, Miami-Dade Dept. Of Corrections EOW 9/29/21

Sgt. Donald W. Ramey, Transylvania County SO EOW 9/29/21

Cor. Lt. David W. Reynolds, Butler County SO EOW 9/30/21

Dy. Teresa H. Fuller, Wilson County SO EOW 9/30/21

Cor. Ofc. Calyne St. Val, Miami-Dade Dept. Of Corrections EOW 10/1/21

Senior Insp. Jared Keyworth, U.S. Marshals Service EOW 10/1/21

Capt. James A. Sisk, Culpeper County SO EOW 10/1/21

Sgt. Nick Risner, Sheffield PD EOW 10/2/21

Ofc. Darrell D. Adams, Memphis PD EOW 10/2/21

Cor. Ofc. Melissa Maldonado, Texas Dept. Of Corrections EOW 10/3/21

Group Supervisor Michael G. Garbo, DEA EOW 10/4/21

Cor. Ofc. Sylvia L. Allen, Miami-Dade Dept. Of Corrections EOW 10/4/21

Ofc. Julio C. Herrera; Jr., Charlotte-Mecklenburg PD EOW 10/4/21

Cor. Ofc. Vassar Richmond, Bartlett PD EOW 10/4/21

Cor. Ofc. Thomas S. Collora, Texas Dept. Of Corrections EOW 10/5/21

Cor. Ofc. Garland Chaney, Texas Dept. Of Corrections EOW 10/5/21

Sgt. John R. Lowry, Suffolk County SO EOW 10/6/21

Dy. Dale L. Wyman, Hardeman County SO EOW 10/6/21

Ofc. Victor Donate, U.S. Border Patrol EOW 10/7/21

Cpl. Timothy M. Tanksley, Alto PD EOW 10/8/21

Dy. John R. King, Lyon County SO EOW 10/8/21

Cpl. Dylan M. Harrison, Alamo PD EOW 10/9/21

Mstr. Tpr. Adam Gaubert, Louisiana State Police EOW 10/9/21

Mstr. Dy. William E. Marsh, Rowan County SO EOW 10/10/21

Sgt. Michael D. Rudd, La Paz County SO EOW 10/11/21

Dy. Juan M. Ruiz, Maricopa County SO EOW 10/11/21

Det. Ofc. Anthony Nicoletti, Mohave County SO EOW 10/11/21

Lt. William O. McMurtray III, Burke County SO EOW 10/11/21

Cor. Ofc. Toamalama Scanlan, Fresno County SO EOW 10/12/21

Cor. Lt. Dennis E. Boykin, North Carolina Dept. Of Corrections EOW 10/12/21

Deportation Ofc. Bradley K. Kam, ICE EOW 10/12/21

Ofc. Ty A. Powell, Windsor PD EOW 10/13/21

Comd. Sgt. Richard A. McMahan, Columbus PD EOW 10/13/21

Dy. Oliver Little, Floyd County SO EOW 10/13/21

Ofc. James E. Simonetti, Carnegie Mellon University PD EOW 10/13/21

Sgt. Raquel V. Saunders, Amarillo PD EOW 10/13/21

Sgt. William W. Gay, Bibb County SO EOW 10/14/21

Dy. Kareem Atkins, Harris County CO EOW 10/16/21

Det. Rodney L. Mooneyham, Denton PD EOW 10/16/21

Ofc. Yandy Chirino, Hollywood PD EOW 10/17/21

Ofc. Ryan A. Hayworth, Knightdale PD EOW 10/17/21

Ofc. Andrew R. MacDonald, Grand Prairie PD EOW 10/18/21

Inv. Tracy J. Dotson, Dallas County DA Office EOW 10/19/21

Tpr. Ted L. Benda, Iowa State Patrol EOW 10/20/21

Dy. Donald A. Poffenroth, Pershing County SO EOW 10/20/21

Sgt. Manuel Rodriguez, Florida Off. Ag. Law Enforcement EOW 10/21/21

Dy. Joshua J. Welge, Sarasota County SO EOW 10/21/21

Sgt. Richard C. Howe, Pittsburgh Bureau Of Police EOW 10/21/21

Tpr. Dung X. Martinez, Pennsylvania State Police EOW 10/21/21

Sgt. Michael D. Dunn, Amarillo PD EOW 10/22/21

Ofc. Jason M. Belton, Erie PD EOW 10/24/21

Supervisory Agent Rafael G. Sanchez, U.S. Border Patrol EOW 10/24/21

Ofc. Stephen Evans, Burns PD EOW 10/25/21

Ofc. Tyler Timmins, Pontoon Beach PD EOW 10/26/21

Ofc. Thomas K. Hutchinson, Haltom City PD EOW 10/27/21

Senior Ofc. Matthew L. Lyons, U.S. Border Patrol EOW 10/28/21

Ssg. Jesse Sherrill, New Hampshire State Police EOW 10/28/21

Lt. David Formeza, Perth Amboy PD EOW 10/28/21

Chief Buddy Crabtree, Ider PD EOW 10/30/21

Dy. David Cook, Kent County SO EOW 11/1/21

Sgt. Timothy Werner, Pittsburgh Bureau Of Police EOW 11/2/21

Det. Sgt. Gary R. Taccone, Erie PD EOW 11/3/21

Dy. John E. Moon, Waller County SO EOW 11/3/21

Senior Ofc. Sherman O. Benys; Jr., Kingsville PD EOW 11/4/21

Agent Anibal A. Perez, U.S. Border Patrol EOW 11/5/21

Cor. Ofc. Juan Cruz; Jr., Fresno County SO EOW 11/5/21

Sgt. Scott M. Patton, Robinson Township PD EOW 11/6/21

Cpl. Ignacio J. Romero, Lander County SO EOW 11/7/21

Dy. Lena N. Marshall, Jackson County SO EOW 11/8/21

Ofc. Paramhans D. Desai, Henry County PD EOW 11/8/21

K9 Rogue, Cedar Park PD EOW 11/8/21

Sgt. Dominic Guida, Bunnell PD EOW 11/9/21

Lt. Chad O. Brackman, Maricopa County SO EOW 11/10/21

Det. Michael J. Dion, Chicopee PD EOW 11/10/21

Cor. Ofc. Kevin Dupree, Texas Dept. Of Corrections EOW 11/11/21

Ofc. Michael D. Chandler, Big Stone Gap PD EOW 11/13/21

Parole Ofc. Ty’Isha Harper, Texas Parole Division EOW 11/15/21

Mstr. Tpr. Daniel A. Stainbrook, Wisconsin State Patrol EOW 11/15/21

Cor. Ofc. Rhonda J. Russell, Blair County Prison EOW 11/17/21

Dy. Frank Ramirez; Jr., Independence County SO EOW 11/18/21

Code Enforcement Ofc. Adam R. Arbogast, Parsons PD EOW 11/25/21

Supervisory Agent Martin Barrios, U.S. Border Patrol EOW 11/29/21

Ofc. Henry Laxson, Clayton County PD EOW 11/30/21

Agent Salvador Martinez; Jr., U.S. Border Patrol EOW 11/30/21

Pc. Madison Nicholson, Wilcox County CO EOW 12/1/21

Det. Antonio A. Valentine, St. Louis County PD EOW 12/1/21

Dy. Clay Livingston, Elbert County SO EOW 12/3/21

Ofc. Richard Houston II, Mesquite PD EOW 12/3/21

Senior Ofc. Eric Lindsey, Austin PD EOW 12/5/21

Ofc. Theodore J. Ohlemeier, Colwich PD EOW 12/8/21

Det. Joseph Pollack, Douglas County SO EOW 12/9/21

Cpl. Jack L. Guthrie; Jr., Dallas College PD EOW 12/9/21

Dy. Jailer Robert Daniel, Graves County Jail EOW 12/10/21

Ofc. Jeremy M. Wilkins, Chandler PD EOW 12/17/21

Ofc. Zachary D. Cottongim, Louisville Metro PD EOW 12/18/21

Ofc. Chad P. Christiansen, Volk Field Security Forces EOW 12/18/21

Sgt. Kevin D. Redding, Haverford Township PD EOW 12/20/21

Ofc. Mia D. Figueroa-Goodwin, Charlotte-Mecklenburg PD EOW 12/22/21

Ofc. Keona Holley, Baltimore City PD EOW 12/23/21

Agent José Ferrer-Pabón, DDP De Puerto Rico EOW 12/24/21

Lt. Matthew A. Vogel, Hudson County SO EOW 12/27/21

Dy. Sean Riley, Wayne County SO EOW 12/29/21

Sgt. Marlene Rittmanic, Bradley PD EOW 12/30/21

4 notes · View notes

stevishabitat · 3 years

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The summer wasn’t meant to be like this. By April, Greene County, in southwestern Missouri, seemed to be past the worst of the pandemic. Intensive-care units that once overflowed had emptied. Vaccinations were rising. Health-care workers who had been fighting the coronavirus for months felt relieved—perhaps even hopeful. Then, in late May, cases started ticking up again. By July, the surge was so pronounced that “it took the wind out of everyone,” Erik Frederick, the chief administrative officer of Mercy Hospital Springfield, told me. “How did we end up back here again?”

The hospital is now busier than at any previous point during the pandemic. In just five weeks, it took in as many COVID-19 patients as it did over five months last year. Ten minutes away, another big hospital, Cox Medical Center South, has been inundated just as quickly. “We only get beds available when someone dies, which happens several times a day,” Terrence Coulter, the critical-care medical director at CoxHealth, told me.

Last week, Katie Towns, the acting director of the Springfield–Greene County Health Department, was concerned that the county’s daily cases were topping 250. On Wednesday, the daily count hit 405. This dramatic surge is the work of the super-contagious Delta variant, which now accounts for 95 percent of Greene County’s new cases, according to Towns. It is spreading easily because people have ditched their masks, crowded into indoor spaces, resumed travel, and resisted vaccinations. Just 40 percent of people in Greene County are fully vaccinated. In some nearby counties, less than 20 percent of people are.

Many experts have argued that, even with Delta, the United States is unlikely to revisit the horrors of last winter. Even now, the country’s hospitalizations are one-seventh as high as they were in mid-January. But national optimism glosses over local reality. For many communities, this year will be worse than last. Springfield’s health-care workers and public-health specialists are experiencing the same ordeals they thought they had left behind. “But it feels worse this time because we’ve seen it before,” Amelia Montgomery, a nurse at CoxHealth, told me. “Walking back into the COVID ICU was demoralizing.”

Those ICUs are also filling with younger patients, in their 20s, 30s, and 40s, including many with no underlying health problems. In part, that’s because elderly people have been more likely to get vaccinated, leaving Delta with a younger pool of vulnerable hosts. While experts are still uncertain if Delta is deadlier than the original coronavirus, every physician and nurse in Missouri whom I spoke with told me that the 30- and 40-something COVID-19 patients they’re now seeing are much sicker than those they saw last year. “That age group did get COVID before, but they didn’t usually end up in the ICU like they are now,” Jonathan Brown, a respiratory therapist at Mercy, told me. Nurses are watching families navigate end-of-life decisions for young people who have no advance directives or other legal documents in place.

Almost every COVID-19 patient in Springfield’s hospitals is unvaccinated, and the dozen or so exceptions are all either elderly or immunocompromised people. The vaccines are working as intended, but the number of people who have refused to get their shots is crushing morale. Vaccines were meant to be the end of the pandemic. If people don’t get them, the actual end will look more like Springfield’s present: a succession of COVID-19 waves that will break unevenly across the country until everyone has either been vaccinated or infected. “You hear post-pandemic a lot,” Frederick said. “We’re clearly not post-pandemic. New York threw a ticker-tape parade for its health-care heroes, and ours are knee-deep in COVID.”

That they are in this position despite the wide availability of vaccines turns difficult days into unbearable ones. As bad as the winter surge was, Springfield’s health-care workers shared a common purpose of serving their community, Steve Edwards, the president and CEO of CoxHealth, told me. But now they’re “putting themselves in harm’s way for people who’ve chosen not to protect themselves,” he said. While there were always ways of preventing COVID-19 infections, Missourians could have almost entirely prevented this surge through vaccination—but didn’t. “My sense of hope is dwindling,” Tracy Hill, a nurse at Mercy, told me. “I’m losing a little bit of faith in mankind. But you can’t just not go to work.”

When Springfield’s hospitals saw the first pandemic wave hitting the coasts, they could steel themselves. This time, with Delta thrashing Missouri fast and first, they haven’t had time to summon sufficient reinforcements. Between them, Mercy and Cox South have recruited about 300 traveling nurses, respiratory therapists, and other specialists, which is still less than they need. The hospitals’ health-care workers have adequate PPE and most are vaccinated. But in the ICUs and in COVID-19 wards, respiratory therapists still must constantly adjust ventilators, entire teams must regularly flip patients onto their belly and back again, and nurses spend long shifts drenched in sweat as they repeatedly don and doff protective gear. In previous phases of the pandemic, both hospitals took in patients from other counties and states. “Now we’re blasting outward,” Coulter said. “We’re already saturating the surrounding hospitals.”

Meanwhile, the hospitals’ own staff members are exhausted beyond telling. After the winter surge, they spent months catching up on record numbers of postponed surgeries and other procedures. Now they’re facing their sharpest COVID-19 surge yet on top of those backlogged patients, many of whom are sicker than usual because their health care had to be deferred. Even with hundreds of new patients with lung cancer, asthma, and other respiratory diseases waiting for care in outpatient settings, Coulter still has to cancel his clinics because “I have to be in the hospital all the time,” he said.

Many health-care workers have had enough. Some who took on extra shifts during past surges can’t bring themselves to do so again. Some have moved to less stressful positions that don’t involve treating COVID-19. Others are holding the line, but only just. “You can’t pour from an empty cup, but with every shift it feels like my co-workers and I are empty,” Montgomery said. “We are still trying to fill each other up and keep going.”

The grueling slog is harder now because it feels so needless, and because many patients don’t realize their mistake until it’s too late. On Tuesday, Hill spoke with an elderly man who had just been admitted and was very sick. “He said, ‘I’m embarrassed that I’m here,’” she told me. “He wanted to talk about the vaccine, and in the back of my mind I’m thinking, You have a very high likelihood of not leaving the hospital.” Other patients remain defiant. “We had someone spit in a nurse’s eye because she told him he had COVID and he didn’t believe her,” Edwards said.

Some health-care workers are starting to resent their patients—an emotion that feels taboo. “You’re just angry,” Coulter said, “and you feel guilty for getting angry, because they’re sick and dying.” Others are indignant on behalf of loved ones who don’t already have access to the vaccines. “I’m a mom of a 1-year-old and a 4-year-old, and the daughter of family members in Zimbabwe and South Africa who can’t get vaccinated yet,” says Matifadza Hlatshwayo Davis, who works at a Veterans Affairs hospital in St. Louis. “I’m frustrated, angry, and sad.”

“I don’t think people get that once you become sick enough to be hospitalized with COVID, the medications and treatments that we have are, quite frankly, not very good,” says Howard Jarvis, the medical director of Cox South’s emergency department. Drugs such as dexamethasone offer only incremental benefits. Monoclonal antibodies are effective only during the disease’s earliest stages. Doctors can give every recommended medication, and patients still have a high chance of dying. The goal should be to stop people from getting sick in the first place.

But Missouri Governor Mike Parson never issued a statewide mask mandate, and the state’s biggest cities—Kansas City, St. Louis, Springfield, and Columbia—ended their local orders in May, after the CDC said that vaccinated people no longer needed to wear masks indoors. In June, Parson signed a law that limits local governments’ ability to enact public-health restrictions. And even before the pandemic, Missouri ranked 41st out of all the states in terms of public-health funding. “We started in a hole and we’re trying to catch up,” Towns, the director of the Springfield–Greene County Health Department, told me.

Her team flattened last year’s curve through testing, contact tracing, and quarantining, but “Delta has just decimated our ability to respond,” Kendra Findley, the department’s administrator for community health and epidemiology, told me. The variant is spreading too quickly for the department to keep up with every new case, and more people are refusing to cooperate with contact tracers than at this time last year. The CDC has sent a “surge team” to help, but it’s just two people: an epidemiologist, who is helping analyze data on Delta’s spread, and a communications person. And like Springfield’s hospitals, the health department was already overwhelmed with work that had been put off for a year. “Suddenly, I feel like there aren’t enough hours in the day,” Findley said.

Early last year, Findley stuck a note on her whiteboard with the number of people who died in the 1918 flu pandemic: 50 million worldwide and 675,000 in the U.S. “It was for perspective: We will not get here. You can manage this,” she told me. “I looked at it the other day and I think we’re going to get there. And I feel like a large segment of the population doesn’t care.”

The 1918 flu pandemic took Missouri by surprise too, says Carolyn Orbann, an anthropologist at the University of Missouri who studies that disaster. While much of the world felt the brunt of the pandemic in October 1918, Missouri had irregular waves with a bigger peak in February 1920. So when COVID-19 hit, Orbann predicted that the state might have a similarly drawn-out experience. Missouri has a widely dispersed population, divided starkly between urban and rural places, and few highways—a recipe for distinct and geographically disparate microcultures. That perhaps explains why new pathogens move erratically through the state, creating unpredictable surges and, in some pockets, a false sense of security. Last year, “many communities may have gone through their lockdown period without registering a single case and wondered, What did we do that for?” Orbann told me.

She also suspects that Missourians in 1918 might have had a “better overhead view of the course of the pandemic in their communities than the average citizen has now.” Back then, the state’s local papers published lists of people who were sick, so even those who didn’t know anyone with the flu could see that folks around them were dying. “It made the pandemic seem more local,” Orbann said. “Now, with fewer hometown newspapers and restrictions on sharing patient information, that kind of knowledge is restricted to people working in health care.”

Montgomery, the CoxHealth nurse, feels that disparity whenever she leaves the hospital. “I work in the ICU, where it’s like a war zone, and I go out in public and everything’s normal,” she said. “You see death and suffering, and then you walk into the grocery store and get resistance. It feels like we’re being ostracized by our community.”

If anything, people in the state have become more entrenched in their beliefs and disbeliefs than they were last year, Davis, the St. Louis–based doctor, told me. They might believe that COVID-19 has been overblown, that young people won’t be harmed, or that the vaccines were developed too quickly to be safe. But above all else, “what I predominantly get is, ‘I don’t want to talk to you about that; let’s move on,’” Davis said.

People take the pandemic seriously when they can see it around them. During past surges in other parts of the U.S., curves flattened once people saw their loved ones falling ill, or once their community became the unwanted focus of national media coverage. The same feedback loop might be starting to occur in Missouri. The major Route 66 Festival has been canceled. More people are making vaccine appointments at both Cox South and Mercy.

In Springfield, the public-health professionals I talked with felt that they had made successful efforts to address barriers to vaccine access, and that vaccine hesitancy was the driving force of low vaccination rates. Improving those rates is now a matter of engendering trust as quickly as possible. Springfield’s firefighters are highly trusted, so the city set up vaccine clinics in local fire stations. Community-health advocates are going door-to-door to talk with their neighbors about vaccines. The Springfield News-Leader is set to publish a full page of photos of well-known Springfieldians who are advocating for vaccination. Several local pastors have agreed to preach about vaccines from their pulpits and set up vaccination events in their churches. One such event, held at James River Church on Monday, vaccinated 156 people. “Once we got down to the group of hesitant people, we’d be happy if we had 20 people show up to a clinic,” says Cora Scott, Springfield’s director of public information and civic engagement. “To have 156 people show up in one church in one day is phenomenal.”

But building trust is slow, and Delta is moving fast. Even if the still-unvaccinated 55 percent of Missourians all got their first shots tomorrow, it would still take a month to administer the second ones, and two weeks more for full immunity to develop. As current trends show, Delta can do a lot in six weeks. Still, “if we can get our vaccination levels to where some of the East Coast states have got to, I’ll feel a lot better going into the fall,” Frederick, Mercy’s chief administrative officer, said. “If we plateau again, my fear is that we will see the twindemic of flu and COVID.”

In the meantime, southwest Missouri is now a cautionary tale of what Delta can do to a largely unvaccinated community that has lowered its guard. None of Missouri’s 114 counties has vaccinated more than 50 percent of its population, and 75 haven’t yet managed more than 30 percent. Many such communities exist around the U.S. “There’s very few secrets about this disease, because the answer is always somewhere else,” Edwards said. “I think we’re a harbinger of what other states can expect.”

#covid 19 #pandemic #missouri

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