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materialsscienceandengineering · 5 months

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For 200 years, scientists have failed to grow a common mineral in the laboratory under the conditions believed to have formed it naturally. Now, a team of researchers from the University of Michigan and Hokkaido University in Sapporo, Japan have finally pulled it off, thanks to a new theory developed from atomic simulations. Their success resolves a long-standing geology mystery called the "Dolomite Problem." Dolomite -- a key mineral in the Dolomite mountains in Italy, Niagara Falls, the White Cliffs of Dover and Utah's Hoodoos -- is very abundant in rocks older than 100 million years, but nearly absent in younger formations. "If we understand how dolomite grows in nature, we might learn new strategies to promote the crystal growth of modern technological materials," said Wenhao Sun, the Dow Early Career Professor of Materials Science and Engineering at U-M and the corresponding author of the paper published today in Science.

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nanotechnologyworld · 2 months

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Researchers at the Pritzker School of Molecular Engineering at the University of Chicago have created a tool that lets them represent collections of long, complex polymers in representations that can be easily processed by computers and artificial intelligence programs. This is an exciting step toward being able to streamline the process of new polymer development.

#nanotechnology #materials #AI #chemistry #computing #engineering #technology #science

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catscomputerscreativewriting · 6 months

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theory of computation/computability and complexity/whatever your institution calls it is the universal computer science hazing ritual.

#stem #academics #stemblr #computer science #programming #math #mathblr #mathematics #academia #this is true even if you love it #or even if the material is all review #i have been working on this midterm for 11 hours #this is literally my research area #send help

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bouquetofgemstones · 22 days

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4.4.2024: A beautifully sunny day working from home doing more literature review on fillers. I tried fixing a pair of pants in the evening, but I think they're now utterly ruined, I had to get new ones.

#my floor is so shiny that every day at 4pm the entire force of the sun is reflected onto my computer screen and i can't see:(#diary #material science #phdblr #gradblr

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arthur-r · 15 days

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as usual i am up late into the night planning my future when i should be: getting a good nights sleep so that i even have a future!!

#i have work in seven and a half hours. so i should really be getting to bed #BUT i officially made my final definitive degree plan!!!! i mean not the actual classes but all the requirements i have to meet and how!!#(in order to earn: history and information science double major. with certificates in material culture and classics)#and i’m genuinely excited for every single class i have to take except for human-computer interaction #just cause i know it’s gonna get overly technical in ways that won’t quite apply to my future #anyway every single other thing i’m gonna do is very cool and exciting. so everything is good really #but i should be sleeping. and i’m not. as usual 🤧#idk wish me luck!!!! i’m so hyped about my degree plan though #i’ll go into more detail another time. i’m very excited #ANYWAY goodnight!!!! can’t be so busy planning my future in library science that i DONT GO TO MY SHELVING JOB #kind of important to actually go to work for the library that employs me….#and then i might go see a first-printing roget’s thesaurus!!!! or i’ll sleep. we’ll see #followed by lunch with GUY WHO IS THE WORST KILL HIM WITH HAMMERS #(there is nothing really wrong with me he just keeps kind of being mean to me and also expecting me to fall in love with him. but like #extremely passively and not manipulatively it’s just like. hey buddy you’re doing this friendship wrong….)#anyway then i have a class and after that i have an hour to rest. and then a phone call and then a lot of homework #(ten page paper draft due in a week and a half!! so it’s time to start writing the actual body of it)#and then i sleep for a LONG time and then work again on saturday. and then sleepover with somebody i have a crush on??#and then be normal all day on sunday and do a little more paper writing. and programming homework. and whatever else #and then keep up with the slog for three weeks!!!! and all of a sudden it’s summer!!!!#projects left this year: material culture paper (entirely unstarted. but may research the thesaurus and just win!!!!)#history project (draft due the monday after next and real paper due a week after classes end)#one more programming assignment where i adapt my recipe doubler project (probably. it’s getting stupid at this point but it’s what i got!!)#and a programming test in two weeks and then the final a week after that. then no more programming #and then i just have my weekly latin tests and a latin final on may 5th. and then EVERYTHING IS DONE #ok i got this. sorry for walking through my schedule in the tags it’s how i remember what’s real #can’t believe my fucking partner just kind of walked out on me there hello???? like. we should be powering through finals together #but i’m genuinely better off without him so i guess it’s just whatever. trash took itself out or something??#anyway. i’m so regular. and i have work in the morning. and i’m going to sleep #thank you world. goodnight

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etoile-gracieuse · 9 months

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thinking. abt poetry. and abt engineering. at the same time

#me and my thoughts on tensile strength and compressive strength are just gonna go over here #oh the things i could do w computer science references in a poem #the things i could do w physics and material science and math

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jcmarchi · 5 months

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Highest-Resolution Single-Photon Superconducting Camera - Technology Org

New Post has been published on https://thedigitalinsider.com/highest-resolution-single-photon-superconducting-camera-technology-org/

Highest-Resolution Single-Photon Superconducting Camera - Technology Org

Having more pixels in a superconducting camera could advance everything from biomedical imaging to astronomical observations.

Researchers at the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) and their colleagues have built a superconducting camera containing 400,000 pixels — 400 times more than any other device of its type.

With planned improvements, NIST’s new 400,000 single-wire superconducting camera, the highest resolution camera of its type, will have the capability to capture astronomical images under extremely low-light-level conditions. Credit: Image incorporates elements from Pixabay and S. Kelley/NIST.

Superconducting cameras allow scientists to capture very weak light signals, whether from distant objects in space or parts of the human brain. Having more pixels could open up many new applications in science and biomedical research.

The NIST camera is made up of grids of ultrathin electrical wires, cooled to near absolute zero, in which current moves with no resistance until a wire is struck by a photon. In these superconducting-nanowire cameras, the energy imparted by even a single photon can be detected because it shuts down the superconductivity at a particular location (pixel) on the grid. Combining all the locations and intensities of all the photons makes up an image.

The first superconducting cameras capable of detecting single photons were developed more than 20 years ago. Since then, the devices have contained no more than a few thousand pixels — too limited for most applications.

Creating a superconducting camera with a much greater number of pixels has posed a serious challenge because it would become all but impossible to connect every single chilled pixel among many thousands to its own readout wire. The challenge stems from the fact that each of the camera’s superconducting components must be cooled to ultralow temperatures to function properly, and individually connecting every pixel among hundreds of thousands to the cooling system would be virtually impossible.

NIST researchers Adam McCaughan and Bakhrom Oripov and their collaborators at NASA’s Jet Propulsion Laboratory in Pasadena, California, and the University of Colorado Boulder overcame that obstacle by combining the signals from many pixels onto just a few room-temperature readout wires.

A general property of any superconducting wire is that it allows current to flow freely up to a certain maximum “critical” current. To take advantage of that behavior, the researchers applied a current just below the maximum to the sensors.

Under that condition, if even a single photon strikes a pixel, it destroys the superconductivity. The current is no longer able to flow without resistance through the nanowire and is instead shunted to a small resistive heating element connected to each pixel. The shunted current creates an electrical signal that can rapidly be detected.

Borrowing from existing technology, the NIST team constructed the camera to have intersecting arrays of superconducting nanowires that form multiple rows and columns, like those in a tic-tac-toe game. Each pixel — a tiny region centered on the point where individual vertical and horizontal nanowires cross — is uniquely defined by the row and column in which it lies.

That arrangement enabled the team to measure the signals coming from an entire row or column of pixels at a time rather than recording data from each individual pixel, drastically reducing the number of readout wires. To do so, the researchers placed a superconducting readout wire parallel to but not touching the rows of pixels, and another wire parallel to but not touching the columns.

Consider just the superconducting readout wire parallel to the rows. When a photon strikes a pixel, the current shunted into the resistive heating element warms a small part of the readout wire, creating a tiny hotspot. The hotspot, in turn, generates two voltage pulses traveling in opposite directions along the readout wire, which are recorded by detectors at either end.

The difference in time it takes for the pulses to arrive at the end detectors reveals the column in which the pixel resides. A second superconducting readout wire that lies parallel to the columns serves a similar function.

The detectors can discern differences in arrival time of signals as short as 50 trillionths of a second. They can also count up to 100,000 photons a second striking the grid.

Once the team adopted the new readout architecture, Oripov made rapid progress in increasing the number of pixels. Over a matter of weeks, the number jumped from 20,000 to 400,000 pixels. The readout technology can easily be scaled up for even larger cameras, said McCaughan, and a superconducting single-photon camera with tens or hundreds of millions of pixels could soon be available.

Over the next year, the team plans to improve the sensitivity of the prototype camera so that it can capture virtually every incoming photon. That will enable the camera to tackle such low-light endeavors as imaging faint galaxies or planets that lie beyond the solar system, measuring light in photon-based quantum computers, and contributing to biomedical studies that use near-infrared light to peer into human tissue.

The researchers reported their work in the Oct. 26 edition of Nature (https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-023-06550-2).

Paper: B.G. Oripov, D.S. Rampini, B. Korzh, J. Allmaras, M.D. Shaw, S.W. Nam and A.N. McCaughan. A superconducting-nanowire single-photon camera with 400,000 pixels. Nature. Oct. 26, 2023. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-023-06550-2

Source: NIST

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frogcoded · 7 months

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exploding whoever invented alloy with my mind

#i hate this stupid fucking course #just realised alloy is also the material so i just want to clarify i mean the computer science alloy not the other one

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cheesetheory · 9 months

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Gotta love those philosophical thought experiments that are just like: "What if we made some ridiculous and/or baseless assumptions about how the universe might work which just so happen to produce a weird and spooky outcome, and then acted like it's indicative of reality. Wouldn't that be fucked up? 😨😨😱"

#And then of course a hoard of people with a lot of love for pop science and not a whole lot of critical thinking will take it 100% seriously #Like I hate to break it to you but there's really nothing special about Roko's Basilisk or the Sim Hypothesis or Boltzmann Brains #You could swap out the dazzling techno/'science' elements for like‚ gnomes and pixies and it'd still be about as actionable and realistic #A lot of them aren't even new! They're just older ones with a shiny new coat of sci-fi paint #The Basilisk is just a secular Pascal's Wager‚ and the idea of 'what if we live in a big dream' is *much* older than computer simulations #Don't get me wrong these are often fun ideas (though Roko and his fear-stirring Basilisk can suck my arse) and good world-building material #they're just not really worth taking too seriously‚ I think #Also yeah in case you were wondering‚ this was literally just brought on by a Discord meme that I had opinions™ about lol

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ivccseap · 1 year

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SQL CHEAT SHEET

SQL STUDY MATERIAL

View On WordPress

#computer science #dailyprompt #RDBMS #SQL #SQL queries #SQL study material

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anonymousdormhacks · 1 month

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I don't know if this is some kind of reflection on me as a person, but when coding or doing math whenever I get the wrong answer I go through this really intense "the computer is wrong!" phase where it's like the 200th time I'm trying something and there's no obvious place where I'm jacking it up at. "What do you mean 2+2 doesn't equal 5, it's obvious that someone in the great abyss of history is horribly, terribly incorrect about this problem and I'm the only one who realizes it" kind of deal, except I'm also really stubborn when I'm frustrated and I'll keep at it anyway until I figure out what I overlooked. It's almost always a really stupid obvious mistake that I'll gladly fess up to when I find it but the frustration in the interim is insane Anyway I'm never going to forget the time where the program I was using literally was "wrong" because it turned out a word was defined differently on one computer vs the computer next to it and I hadn't been taught about hardware differences yet and I was convinced I was going crazy after I input the same code on two devices and got two separate answers

#compeng #personal #eye contact with the abyss #computer engineering #computer science #coding #this was the same class where I had to correct my own tests on the material I was actively learning because the professor made #so many mistakes that I got like 10 points extra credit in the class for just paying attention to detail #programming #I dont remember what happened to this assignment though but it took me and a team of 5 students cross checking this program to realize we #were all getting wildly different answers. None of us had any idea

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materialsscienceandengineering · 2 months

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How 'have you tried turning it off and on again?' works for chemistry, not just computers

A new study from Tel Aviv University has discovered that a known practice in information technology can also be applied to chemistry. Researchers found that to enhance the sampling in chemical simulations, all you need to do is stop and restart. The research was led by Ph.D. student Ofir Blumer, in collaboration with Professor Shlomi Reuveni and Dr. Barak Hirshberg from the Sackler School of Chemistry at Tel Aviv University. The study was published in Nature Communications. The researchers explain that molecular dynamics simulations are like a virtual microscope. They track the motion of all atoms in chemical, physical, and biological systems, such as proteins, liquids, and crystals. They provide insights into various processes and have different technological applications, including drug design.