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#pharmacological substances
astroscientia · 1 year
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🌊Neptune in the Houses🌊
1st house:
You choose how to act and project yourself to others based on the subconscious cues that you acquire from them. Your identity is often based on how others see you and talk about it. There is a degree of loss when it comes to self-expression- the unheard child learns to perform to express identity.
2nd house:
Poor with managing, organizing, and structuring finances and possessions. Overly generous with resources. Might make money in nefarious ways if Neptune is poorly aspected. More positively, these natives might profit from pharmacology, marine biology, medicine, or NGO work.
3rd house:
The local environment has a Piscean element. Early school years also were characterized by daydreaming and escaping from learning. The loss of a sibling to unknown or sudden causes is likely in some cases (depending on the aspects). It could suggest that your siblings/cousins/classmates that are close to you are artists, singers, or dreamers. In a negative sense, this might attract escapist friends with a heavy victim mentality.
4th house:
Issues with water, pipes, and flooding in the home. Home near bodies of water. Your mother or a potent female figure in your life might be sick and require care from you or your family members. In this case, the gist is that the family might cause you to feel neglected and forgotten, making you want to escape the domestic setting through art or physical separation. These natives are quite nocturnal- they sleep all day and stay up all night to avoid their families in some cases.
5th house:
Death of children. Loss of lovers to illness, substance abuse, prison, crime, or mental disorders. Lovers might be absent while present either because of their own commitments to helping someone old/vulnerable or through escapism (drugs, sex, alcohol, etc) or poor health.
6th house:
Watch out for the immune system. Habits and routines might not express a desire for a person to live well. Poor habits. Disorganized. No discipline and routine when it comes to eating, working, exercising and taking care of oneself at the bodily level. Neglected as a child and did not learn to properly care for themselves.
7th house:
Attracted to partners that aren't really "there." This sense of absence in presence can be because of the following things: frequent travels, substance abuse, prison, mental illness, philanthropic work that takes the person's time, religious fidelity, etc. You might "lose" a partner to their vices and blame yourself for it.
8th house:
Potential for misunderstandings in transactions (financial) with others. Deception when it comes to money that you get from others. There is vagueness and gullibility when perceiving people's sexual or financial advances toward us. Be careful of who you let into your life sexually or romantically.
9th house:
Confusion regarding beliefs, higher education, and vision for the future. If in university, the campus might be located near water, or you might study subjects related to the pharmaceutical industry, oil, gas, pharmacology, parasitology, virology, marine studies, psychology, or you might enter esoteric fields (astrology, tarot, etc.) or you might study theology.
10th house:
Confusion about future and career. Fear tied to career prospects and the father. The father might have been absent or neglectful which manifests in an inability to be stable in a job.
11th house:
Friends slip through your fingers. We may need clarification about our hopes and life goals because Neptune here makes our ideals changeable. So, our vision for life is usually mutable and influenced by external forces that people rarely have the self-awareness to explore. This is also a highly intuitive placement.
12th house:
This is a good placement because Neptune is comfortable in the 12th house. Intuition is good. Sleep is very essential for you. Heightened motivation to get to know yourself through self-reflection, meditation, and spirituality, and project these learnings to heighten your empathy.
Thank you for reading!
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just-horrible-things · 2 months
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On The Amnestic Issue
The issue of strong amnestic drugs is not a highly publicized one. It is not a polarizing topic of debate like immigration, reproductive rights, or the human pet industry. Most people do not even have a strong opinion on amnestics. They are not front and center in the public view. The pharmaceutical industry and its supporters have done an excellent job of suppressing debate.
This is not an issue to take up lightly as a bit of collegiate activism to soothe the soul. Even to write about the topic is to invite lawsuit, defamation, and harassment. You probably haven’t heard much about anti-amnestic activists, not because we don’t exist but because that is how effectively we are silenced. I have friends who have been jailed for speaking out, and many more who have been publicly targeted, harassed, accused, and made into laughing stocks.
This is not an issue to take up unless you truly feel passionately about it.
But I am passionate, and I think you should be too. I think we all should be. 
Detractors will attempt to paint anti-amnestic discourse as radical left wing pet-lib propaganda. They will attempt to paint us as far right anti-vaxxer paranoids lashing out against the medical industry. But the amnestic issue ought to concern you regardless of your political alignment.#
Whatever your stance on the human pet industry, whatever your stance on pharmacological reform, the amnestic issue goes far further than either of those. This is not about criminals or contractees, although they form part of the picture. This is primarily about the effects of strong amnestic drugs in the general population, the failure of our government and regulators to protect us from unregulated use, and the complete lack of unbiased, verifiable information about amnestic safety even in a medical context.
Use of prescription amnestics has more than doubled in just the last three years, despite the complete lack of any independent studies demonstrating benefits in the vast majority of use cases. Un-monitored, un-reported “home use” is estimated at anywhere between half as many people again, and three times as many, and in many cases these unprescribed drugs are being used to “medicate” entirely non-medical issues such as domestic quarrels.
Crime involving the forced administration of strong amnestics to unconsenting victims is estimated to have increased twenty-fold since these substances were first approved for prescription. The volume of illegal amnestics circulating in the black market is completely unknown, and the lack of separation between the markets for aggressive criminal use and for unregulated “self-medication” is bringing naive would-be patients into contact with hardened drug dealers and organized crime.
In the context of our progressively failing criminal justice system, some victims are even administering the “cover up pills” to themselves rather than face the traumatic experience of trying to push a report through to court. In a recent survey, 20% of university students said that if they were victims of “date rape” they would rather take a pill and forget, than take the issue to the police. Cited reasons included shame, fear of stigmatization, fear that the police would do nothing, and, conversely, fear that the police would respond with excessive force.
Perhaps most troubling of all, the second most popular reason given was simply that taking an amnestic would be “less effort”. The same attitude is reflected in a growing media trend towards portraying drug-induced forgetting as the “easy option” : a quick, effortless, and effective solution to any and all of life’s problems. 
Needless to say there is no evidence to support the idea that amnestic abuse actually improves happiness, health, or any other measure of wellbeing. And it should be beyond obvious that choosing to forget certain problems such as unpaid bills, unsettled debts, or an angry spouse will not actually cause these problems to go away.
Even industry giants such as Santex Pharma and WRU have recently put out statements advising against unregulated, unsupervised home use. These statements describe the medical applications and the use in the pet industry (respectively) as highly controlled, carefully monitored use cases and not comparable to the growing trend of unlicensed use. Santex state, both in their recent statement and elsewhere, that every approved use of their strong amnestics has been rigorously safety tested and found both safe and effective. They cite a number of published studies, in addition to an undisclosed quantity of private, internal investigation.
Every single published study involving strong amnestics was either conducted or funded by a manufacturer of strong amnestics, a business that uses strong amnestics as a core part of their business model (i.e. the human pet industry), or a subsidiary of one of these businesses.
There are no published independent studies. All attempts at independent studies have been heavily suppressed by the above industries, or else taken over by these business interests long before completion. It has long been well known – if rarely successfully prosecuted – that pharmaceutical companies regularly misuse statistics, massage data, and even outright fabricate results to produce conclusions that are favorable to their bottom line.
Even those few independent investigators who have resisted the pressure exerted by the industry have found that no reputable publication – scientific or otherwise – will take on the risk of publishing their results if they fail to corroborate the claims of safety. When such studies are made publically available on the internet they are invariably taken down within weeks or even days, and the authors – if remotely identifiable – can expect a slew of life-ruining lawsuits. In many cases even criminal charges have been leveled against such investigators.
Consequently it is extremely difficult to form an accurate picture of the extent and form of the risks posed by the use of strong amnestics. However, certain themes come up over and over in these vanished studies. The use of strong amnestics, especially but not exclusively long term or at high doses, has been associated with any or all of the following:
cognitive decline or impairment
anterograde amnesia (loss of the ability to reliably form new long term memories)
anxiety and depression
emotional instability and dysregulation
intrusive thoughts
increased rates of suicide
increased mortality (all causes)
false recall (remembering fictive events as if they were real, or events that happened to other people as if they happened to oneself)
nightmares, night terrors, insomnia and other sleep disturbances
migraines, cluster headaches, and other forms of headache
increased impulsivity
increases vulnerability to addiction
impaired executive function (difficulty making and adhering to plans, reduced decision-making ability)
While none of the above symptoms have been conclusively linked to amnestics on account of the industry stranglehold on data, it is worth noting that the incidence of all of the above problems in the general population has increased sharply over the last few years, with no other obvious explanation for the increase.
Some of the most striking evidence has come from the study of parents who made the choice to forget a child when that child entered into the human pet industry. The fact that WRU discontinued this as an official service after only a year and a half speaks volumes. But small numbers of parents (and an unknown number of other friends and relatives of new human pets) continue to seek out this option either under the supervision of a medical professional or independently “at home” with illicitly procured amnestics.
While the desire to forget is perhaps an understandable response to the loss of a child or loved one, the outcomes of such a choice are rarely happy. Suicide rates in this group are extremely high, as are rates of anxiety, depression, and other mental illnesses. 
Testimonials can be found on parenting boards across the web urging other parents not to make the same decision. They describe intense feelings of guilt, crushing anxiety, dread and/or a sense of “impending doom”, and a constant, gnawing awareness of the period of “lost time”. Feelings of hopelessness, futility and lack of purpose or fulfillment are extremely common.
One mother described the feeling as not only having lost her now-unremembered child, but also having lost herself.
The wider societal impact of amnestic abuse is also making itself felt as the prevalence rises year on year. Courts have already agreed that forgetting a crime or other offense does not absolve the perpetrator of any guilt or responsibility, but how exactly to handle such cases is far from settled. 
Detractors of pharmacological reform are quick to point out the double standard here. Amnesia can be enforced by the state in the name of correcting entrenched behavioral patterns and preventing reoffense, but those who have already self-administered this treatment are still considered just as guilty and just as likely to reoffend as if they had not forgotten.
Neither is it clear how to help or compensate victims of amnestic-related crimes. The use of amnestics to cover up crimes – most commonly date rape – is nothing new. Even prior to the invention of the modern drug class, weak amnestics such as alcohol and benzodiazepines have long been used for this purpose. However, the rise of the strong amnestic has both expanded the criminal’s toolkit for cover-ups and opened entire new spheres of crime.
Every month it seems that allegations of a new kind of crime hit the courts, from corporate espionage cases in which corporate agents are accused of using amnestics to wipe ideas, trade secrets, or experience in the field from their competitors, to domestic abuse allegations involving the long term use of amnestics to keep the victim ignorant of their own abuse. While some of these cases are clearly less plausible than others, there can be no doubt that criminal elements are hard at work finding new ways to abuse these substances.
If you follow the mainstream news cycle, you are also doubtless already aware of the rise of “perpetual amnesiacs” – a small but highly visible minority of amnestic “addicts” who take the drugs repeatedly in high doses to forget practically everything. 
(While strong amnestics are not physiologically addictive drugs like heroin or cocaine, phenomena such as gambling addiction and pornography addiction have long taught us that people can become addicted to all manner of things that are not physiologically addictive drugs.)
These “perpetual amnesiacs” usually have substantial problems before the amnestic abuse. They may be homeless, in debt, stuck in abusive relationships, or addicted to other substances. They begin taking the amnestics to forget their very real troubles. What separates the addict from other “home users” is the very high doses involved, and the taking of additional doses as soon as further difficulties arise. 
These afflicted individuals become increasingly disengaged from life, drifting from one short term pleasure (often other substances of abuse) to another, and taking additional amnestics whenever consequences threaten to disrupt their existence in the moment.
Most become homeless if they were not already, and over time almost all develop severe symptoms from the list above. Reporting has focused particularly on impulsivity, cognitive decline, and anterograde amnesia. We hear of the violent deaths of addicts killed attempting the wildly ill-conceived crimes that their impulsivity leads them into.
Eventually the “perpetual amnesiac” needs no further doses of the amnestics, because their ability to form new memories has been completely destroyed. 
Despite industry insistence that these sobering results are only a result of the extremely high doses taken by the addicts, the recent news coverage has awoken public fears regarding the safety of strong amnestics. 
However, reporting of these concerns has been notably muted and seems to have almost ceased as I write these words. All major news agencies seem to now prefer to parrot the company line that it is the quantity and the frequency that is the problem, not the drugs themselves. One can only imagine that money or favors have changed hands to facilitate this shift in focus.
One can only hope that the public will remember nonetheless, and that the plight of these most severely affected “perpetual amnesiacs” will prompt at least a few to look into the effect that amnestic drugs are having on us as individuals and as a society, and that we might start to look beyond the horizon of the company line.
-- A. Correspondent
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transmutationisms · 8 months
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hi caden you’ve talked before about enjoying using stimulant drugs i am interested from the pov of someone who isn’t going to be like “they cured my symptoms <3” what they did for you. i’m considering getting an adhd diagnosis bc i think i could benefit from the meds even though i don’t think the classification itself is useful
finally, a medical advice question i can answer. i will cut to the chase here: i basically just like being mildly high on amphetamines. if you ever like, drank a shitload of caffeine all at once, that's kind of a shittier and weaker version of how it feels when an rx stimulant kicks in. they make you feel more energetic and awake (good for me because i am eepy), they can produce a mild sense of euphoria, they generally just sort of heighten your arousal / attention / alertness. for me, i pretty reliably experience this as being more confident / lively / interested in things (tho it's not uncommon for many people that this can also feel like heightened anxiety, so ymmv). i can use this boost to like, get work done, or just for recreational purposes lol. often both! i actually used to have short-release stims as my rx, and a lot of times i would snort them, again sometimes purely recreationally and sometimes more prupose-driven. if you're going to do that there are some additional health risks lol so i wouldn't necessarily recommend it casually, but ya know. (i have kinda soured on the short-release ones anyway because i tend to forget to keep re-upping them and then i get terrible crashes coming on and off them. the long-release are a little kinder in that respect, you just won't really be able to mess with the dose to the same degree.)
there's a lot of mystification around rx stimulants from psychiatric and pharmaceutical authorities who are trying really hard to differentiate their products from more stigmatised, illegal uppers. this really appealed to me when i first got dxed with adhd lol, but is basically horseshit, pharmacologically speaking; uppers are uppers and some people like them. for example, i also enjoy coke, but it's expensive, doesn't last that long, and comes with the risks of any black-market drug, where i'm not able to know for sure how much it's cut & with what, &c. so, i don't really think of rx uppers as being different categorically to black-market ones, but all drugs have different considerations and you might like one over another for any number of reasons.
anyway yeah: i like adhd drugs, and although i can and do use them to accomplish certain things (like, it is true they make it easier to sustain focus, eg on work or boring chores or whatever), i do also just like the feeling of using them. i don't feel like i need to justify either of those reasons for using stims lol, and also, separating the two is basically impossible in practice and imo is really just a fantasy of drug moralisers who don't want to admit that a it's, like, ok to enjoy substances. obviously, if you want to look into uppers, i would also strongly recommend keeping an eye on potential side effects and long-term risks, of which there definitely are some (particularly some cardiac things to keep in mind, and risks go up if you're using higher amounts, and/or mixing with other substances esp downers).
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How Does The Drug Got Excreted / Eliminated From The Body?
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Drug excretion is an important process in pharmacology, encompassing the elimination of pharmaceutical substances from the body. While the ultimate elimination of all drugs is inevitable, the specific pathways involved can vary significantly. Some drugs undergo extensive metabolic transformations before being excreted, while others are expelled from the body in their original form.
The kidneys play a central role in excreting water-soluble substances, effectively filtering them from the bloodstream. Meanwhile, the biliary system handles drugs that remain unabsorbed from the gastrointestinal tract, providing an alternative route for elimination. Although excretion through auxiliary channels such as the intestines, saliva, sweat, breast milk, and lungs is typically minimal, certain volatile anesthetics and residual drug traces in breast milk can have notable impacts, particularly on vulnerable populations such as infants.
Renal excretion constitutes a significant portion of drug elimination, accounting for approximately 20% of the plasma that is filtered through the glomeruli. While most water and electrolytes are reabsorbed back into circulation, polar compounds like drug metabolites are excreted predominantly in urine. However, it’s important to note that renal excretion tends to decrease with age, necessitating careful dosage adjustments for elderly patients to mitigate potential adverse effects.
Numerous factors influence the process of renal excretion, including the extent of protein binding, the degree of drug ionization affecting reabsorption rates, fluctuations in urine pH that can alter excretion dynamics, and the impact of metabolic inhibitors on tubular secretion mechanisms.
Biliary elimination, on the other hand, occurs when drugs traverse the biliary epithelium via active transport mechanisms. However, this process is not without limitations, as transporter saturation can impose constraints on drug excretion rates. Typically, larger molecules containing polar and lipophilic groups are excreted through bile, while smaller molecules tend to favor renal elimination pathways.
In addition to renal and biliary routes, drugs may also be eliminated to varying extents through auxiliary pathways such as saliva, tears, feces, sweat, and exhalation. While the quantities eliminated through these routes are generally minimal, drug excretion in breast milk can pose significant concerns for lactating mothers, potentially exposing nursing infants to pharmacological agents.
Understanding the pharmacokinetic parameters governing drug excretion is paramount for optimizing therapeutic regimens and minimizing the risk of adverse effects. Key parameters include the rate of elimination, clearance, elimination rate constant, and biologic half-life for drugs undergoing first-order elimination kinetics.
In conclusion, drug excretion represents a broad process influenced by a myriad of factors, necessitating comprehensive consideration to ensure the safe and efficacious use of pharmacotherapy.
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haootia · 2 years
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The Truth About Activated Charcoal
You may have seen a post going around warning people to avoid foods colored with activated charcoal because it can interfere with certain medications. This is well-meaning advice, but the facts about what activated charcoal actually does have been muddled. FIRST: Activated charcoal only affects the gastrointestinal tract. That means:
If you take long-acting birth control via injection, or have a birth control implant, activated charcoal will not interfere with that medication. AC can only interfere with birth control that is taken orally, i.e., the pill.
If you take hormones via injection, or by applying it to your skin (as a gel, dermal patch, et cetera), activated charcoal will not interfere with that medication. 
If you take insulin via injection or a subcutaneous pump, activated charcoal will not interfere with that medication. 
Activated charcoal works exclusively within the gastrointestinal tract. It adsorbs (different from absorbs) chemicals that are dissolved into liquid form and which the AC makes direct, physical contact with. It cannot affect anything that doesn't go through the gastrointestinal tract! Medications (or drugs, or poisons) that you take as injections, inhalants, vaginal suppositories, and/or topical treatments cannot be affected by activated charcoal.
SECOND: Even if you take your medication orally (or through a tube that enters the stomach or intestines, or as a rectal suppository) it may not be chemically able to be adsorbed by AC. Activated charcoal does not significantly affect:
Metals (incl. lithium; iron, calcium, or zinc supplements)
Electrolytes (incl. magnesium, sodium, or potassium supplements)
Alcohol
Furthermore, AC loses effectiveness if taken more than one hour after a substance is ingested, and even with very high doses or delayed-release drugs, four hours is the limit for it to be considered to have any clinical effect at all. If you take medication (or drugs) more than four hours prior to ingesting AC, the vast majority of the chemical will have already been absorbed through the stomach/intestinal lining and into the bloodstream before the AC has a chance to reach it.
Also, this is considering activated charcoal at maximum pharmacological efficacy -- at the strength it is used in emergency rooms. Charcoal purchased at craft or food supply stores, or online, may not be nearly as potent as the medical-grade stuff hospitals use to treat poisoning. It may not be "activated" at all! Activated charcoal is made through a special process of heating charcoal in high-temperature, low-oxygen environments and then mixing it with other chemicals to eliminate any remaining contaminants. It's very likely that the "activated charcoal" on store shelves is just normal charcoal, aka "burnt plant material." 
There are other reasons not to use AC as a food additive (constipation, teeth staining, dehydration) but it will not magically render all your medications null and void, and it certainly won't "flush out" hormone replacement therapy -- even if it inhibits your body's absorption of oral HRT medications like estradiol, it absolutely will not affect any hormones that have already entered your bloodstream. Consider that people have never worried about AC interfering with natively-produced hormones. There is no mechanism by which activated charcoal, or any substance, can differentiate between which hormones your body made on its own and which ones were taken as HRT. Again: activated charcoal does not have any effect on hormone levels in the blood. It is entirely limited to the gastrointestinal tract.
Please try and take a moment to fact-check any post you see that makes any claim about medication interactions, contraindications, overdoses, or side effects. Even if the post seems to be offering well-meaning "better safe than sorry" advice, this is a serious, delicate subject, and misinformation about medicine can have disastrous consequences (I'm looking at you, horse dewormer)
The main source of this information is this article from StatPearls. Information about potential side effects of activated charcoal consumption comes from this article by INTEGRIS.
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cyberpunkonline · 7 months
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Cyber Stimulants to Cyber Slumps: The Highs and Lows of Narcotics in Cyberpunk Media
In the neon-drenched streets of cyberpunk's most captivating narratives, narcotics aren't just a means of escape; they're a conduit to a more profound human experience—or a descent into the abyss. This article dives into the synthetic veins of the genre, cataloging the substances that have left the deepest impressions in our collective consciousness.
Nirvana-Inducers: The Best of Cyber Stimulants
1. NZT-48 (Film: "Limitless")
- Effects: This top-tier cognitive enhancer turns the brain into a supercomputer, granting its user superhuman levels of intellect, memory, and motivation.
- Price Tag: Exclusive and costly, it's a luxury few can afford without dire consequences.
2. Kamikaze (Game: "Cyberpunk 2077")
- Effects: Users of this combat drug experience heightened reflexes and pain suppression, making them formidable in battle.
- Budget Boost: A staple in the back alleys of Night City, its accessibility makes it a go-to for the aspiring street samurai on a budget.
3. Melange (Book: "Dune" series)
- Effects: Also known as "the spice," Melange extends life, enhances vitality, and is key to prescient abilities required for space navigation.
- High Cost: Control over Melange equates to control over the universe, reflecting its exorbitant value.
Dystopian Downers: The Worst of Cyber Slumps
1. Substance D (Film: "A Scanner Darkly")
- Effects: This drug leads to a severe dissociative state, splitting the brain's hemispheres and leading to a harrowing loss of identity.
- No Price Tag: The cost is often sanity and life, a price that's too steep even for the most jaded cyberpunk enthusiast.
2. Nuke (Film: "RoboCop 2")
- Effects: Highly addictive, it throws its users into a violent euphoria, followed by devastating physical and psychological withdrawal.
- Cheap Thrills: The catastrophic aftermath is a grim reminder that in the cyberpunk world, cheap often comes at a premium on one's health.
3. Can-D (Book: "The Three Stigmata of Palmer Eldritch" by Philip K. Dick)
- Effects: This hallucinogen transports users into a shared illusory world, but at the cost of an eventual inability to discern reality from the drug-induced fantasy.
- Elusive Escape: A metaphor for escapism's price, the drug's value fluctuates with the desperation of its users.
In the cyberpunk universe, the line between pharmacological utopia and dystopia is razor-thin. Substances promising transcendence often lead to an existential void. The commodification of consciousness through these narcotics lays bare the cyberpunk theme: in a world where technology can buy the next evolutionary step, the soul's currency is often at stake.
- Raz
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eldritchboop · 11 months
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42 Ancient Medicinal Plant Remedies
The Lost Book Project is charging $14 for this collection. If you find this link roundup useful, please consider donating to Archive.org instead. Other roundups here
Culpeper's Complete Herbal: Over 400 Herbs And Their Uses by N. Culpeper (1653)
A Garden of Herbs - E. Rohde (1921)
A Modern Herbal: The Medicinal, Culinary, Cosmetic, and Economic Properties, Cultivation, and Folklore of Herbs, Grasses, Fungi, Shrubs, and Trees with All Their Modern Scientific Uses by M. Grieve (1931)
Culinary Herbs - M. Kains (1912)
Fray's golden recipes for the use of all ages - E. Fray (1897)
Cunningham's Encyclopedia of Magical Herbs by S. Cunningham (1985) THIS IS A RENTAL: BOOK IS STILL IN COPYRIGHT
Back to Eden by Jethro Kloss (1939) THIS IS A RENTAL: BOOK IS STILL IN COPYRIGHT
Herbal Simples - Approved for Modern Uses of Cure - W. Fernie (1897)
Occult Science in Medicine by F. Hartmann (1893)
The Encyclopedia of Herbs and Herbalism by M. Stewart (1979)
A Compendium of General Botany - M. Westermaier (1896)
Ancient Cures, Charms, and Usages of Ireland; Contributions to Irish lore by L. Wilde (1890) A complete dictionary of the whole materia medica containing an experimental history of every natural and artificial substance made use of in medicine Vol. 1 - W. Lewis (1810) A complete dictionary of the whole materia medica containing an experimental history of every natural and artificial substance made use of in medicine Vol. 2 - W. Lewis (1810) A curious herbal - containing five hundred cuts, of the most useful plants Vol. 1 by E. Blackwell (1737) A curious herbal - containing five hundred cuts, of the most useful plants Vol. 2 by E. Blackwell (1737) A family herbal or, Familiar account of the medical properties of British and foreign plants - R. Thornton (1814) A supplement to the Pharmacopia, and treatise on pharmacology in general by S. F. Gray (1836) A text-book of materia medica and therapeutics - characteristic, analytical, and comparative by A. C. Cowperthwaite (1891) American medical botany being a collection of the native medicinal plants of the United States Vol. 1 by J. Bigelow (1817) American medical botany being a collection of the native medicinal plants of the United States Vol. 2 by J. Bigelow (1817) American medical botany being a collection of the native medicinal plants of the United States Vol. 3 by J. Bigelow (1817) American medicinal leaves and herbs by A. Henkel (1911) American root drugs by A. Henkel (1907) An introduction to botany Vol. 1 - J. Lindley (1848) An introduction to botany Vol. 2 - J. Lindley (1848)
An introduction to botany Vol. 3 - J. Lindley (1848) An introduction to medical botany - T. Castle (1829) Edible Wild Plants - P. Oliver (1899) Flower-land - an introduction to botany - R. Fisher (1889)   Ginseng And Other Medicinal Plants - by A. R. Harding (1908) Herbals, their origin and evolution, a chapter in the history of botany, 1470-1670 by A. Arber (1912) How to grow vegetables and garden herbs - A. French (1911) Illustrations of medical botany Vol. 1 by J. Carson (1845) Illustrations of medical botany Vol. 2 by J. Carson (1845) Magic plants - being a translation of a curious tract entitled De vegetalibus magicis by J. H. Heucher (1886) Medicinal Herbs and Poisonous Plants by D. Ellis (1918) New, Old, and Forgotten Remedies - E. Anschutz (1900) Outlines Of Lessons In Botany Pt. 1 - J. Newell (1896) Outlines Of Lessons In Botany Pt. 2 - J. Newell (1896) The British Herbal by J. Hill (1756) The Medicine-Men of the Apache by J. G. Bourke (1892) The Mystery and Romance of Alchemy and Pharmacy by C. J. S. Thompson (1897) The Occult Family Physician and Botanic Guide to Health by A. Matteson (1894)
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mik-mania · 4 months
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hit me w an example
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"You've never heard of the Purple Uprising, because it never happened. Maybe you've heard of Faygo, though.
Quite a shame about the epidemic it's caused in our purple youth."
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"You'll never get a straight answer out of him. Not that he would tell you the details even if it wouldn't get him killed. I'm different though and I like talking, so I'll tell you all about it.
We've all heard about the Sufferer and the mess he made on Alternia. Well, his work just keeps on cropping up again and again throughout time, it seems, wriggling its way in and out of everyone's brains and planting ideas where there otherwise might be none. Purple bloods started to think about their place in society, you know? Obviously not all of them, but just enough of them that a sort of sentiment started going around.
'Why aren't we top-dog?' they started wondering. 'We're a lot stronger. We have powers that could wipe those fish-fuckers out.'
Maybe not the most revolutionary. Honestly, the thought is more caste-specific than anything, but, for once, we start seeing some infighting in the upper-classes. These guys get tired of being third-in-command. They get hungry. They start wanting more than what they've got.
The Purple Uprising is probably one of the empire's best covered-up revolutions, if one could even really call it that. Heck, the uprising doesn't even have a true name because of how swiftly the pink-nailed hand of the Condesce slapped it down.
Seadwellers knew how dangerous a revolt could be from their subordinates and it was important to keep that caste complacent. Purples massively outnumbered violets and fuschias combined, and although I highly doubt they could ever overtake the empire completely, it wouldn't be a good time for anybody. So, Then at the slightest sign of discontent from the purples, Project Mindmeld was ordered.
Originally, the experiment had solely been studying how different substances might influence people and how that could be taken advantage of. Project Mindmeld, as it came to be referred to in lieu of "Exploration of Psychotropic Compounds for the Modulation of Psychic Phenomena in Trolls: A Comprehensive Study on the Efficacy of Pharmacological Intervention in Caste-Based Behavioral Modification," was a top-secret research initiative led by none other than Gene. Actually, it was the first project he ever spear-headed.
With the rise of clown cults and the inherent dangers posed by purple-blooded individuals, the Empire sought ways to control and mitigate their unpredictable abilities. Gene and his team developed a series of experimental drugs designed to suppress the psychic powers and erratic behavior exhibited by purple-bloods and other potentially dangerous castes.
Prior to the development of Faygo and similar substances, Gene asked himself: 'How does one control a subset of people?'
The answer, of course, was to control their youth; Get them hooked on whatever you're offering them, then never let them go."
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uispeccoll · 2 years
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Guest Post from John Martin Rare Book Room
Hardin Library of the Health Sciences
MESUË THE YOUNGER (fl. ca. 1200?).Canones universales. First Giunta edition. Printed in Venice by Luca-Antonio Giunta, 1527. 388 leaves. 32 cm tall.
Much like a good Thanksgiving meal, the book this month has a little bit of everything. Foundational medical text? Check. Authorial intrigue? Check. Marginalia? Check. Evidence of possible censorship? Check. Evidence of manuscript AND printer's waste. Heck yeah. Football? Well...no. But don't let that stop you from reading on. Your brain-stomach will be full to the brim after reading all about Canones universales from Masawayh al-Mardini (also known as Yuhanna ibn Masawayh and in the West as John Mesue, Mesue the Younger, or Pseudo-Mesuë).
Mesue was a rockstar in medieval and early modern pharmaceutical medicine as well as a mysterious figure with confusing origins. The earliest known writing by Mesue is from northern Italy in the late 13th century. These are supposed Latin translations of the Arabic originals. The problem is, although Mesue is credited with many works, no original Arabic texts exist.
We now know through the detective work of scholars that Mesue is most likely a pseudonym chosen to capitalize on the name recognition of an earlier Arabic writer, Yuhanna ibn Masawayh. Ibn Masawayh (ca. 777-857) was a  physician from Baghdad who wrote many works of his own. Known in the west as Mesue the Elder, ibn Masawayh was famous in his own right and, among many other topics, wrote pharmaceutical treatises.
Mesue's works were an immediate hit. Some of the most famous western physicians of the time, including Petrus de Abanoand Mondino dei Luzzi, wrote commentaries on Mesue's work. Canones, in particular, was very influential. It was printed more times in the 15th century than works from several other influential authors, including ibn Sina and Pliny the Elder.
Canonescontains the whole of the Pseudo-Mesuë's writings, consisting of three works: one on purgatives (laxatives); an antidotarium, or apothecary's manual, which was the most popular handbook of drugs in medieval Europe; and an incomplete manual of special therapeutics. The first work, De simplicibus, is a book of so-called "simples." These were substances from nature thought to have medicinal properties, or "virtues," a term used throughout our many herbal medicine works. De simplicibus specifically listed forty-nine purgatives - substances used to purge bodily fluids and rebalance one's "humors."
The second work, Antidotarium sive Grabadin medicamentorum, or simply the Grabadin, was a major work of pharmaceutical compounds. It greatly expanded the drug treatments available to European practitioners. It was based on Arabic pharmaceutical tradition, which had as its foundation Greek tradition. It became the standard for European pharmacopoeia and was the foundation for centuries of pharmaceutical medicine.
This edition of 1527 (we also have a 1502 edition) would have functioned as a Physician's Desk Reference, guiding practitioners in their use of pharmaceutical treatments. Along with Canones, it contains medical and pharmacological works by other authors such as de Abano and dei Luzzi, as well as Abulcasis (Abū al-Qāsim Khalaf ibn ʻAbbās al-Zahrāwī), Saladino Ferro, Gentile da Foligno, Christophorus de Honestis, Francesco di Piedimonte, Matthaeus Platearius, and Niccolò da Salerno.
This book has clearly lived an eventful life. As can be seen from the images above, the leather covering has experienced quite a bit of trauma. The pretty blind-tooled cover shows a large tear, deep scratches, insect damage, evidence of mold, and major loss along the lower spine. As horrible as all this may look, it provides us with a lot of information we would not have had available with a completely untouched binding.
For those interested in historical bindings, there is a wealth of information. The exposed spine shows us the sewing and materials used to create the binding. I have written before about manuscript or printer's waste - the recycling of manuscript and printed material in the construction of new books. The exposed spine on Canones shows evidence for both! Take a close look at the image of the spine and you will see hand lettering on parchment and what looks like a print of a small decorative frame used as a spine liner. For more on waste in the John Martin collection, join me for a talk I will give at the Iowa Bibliophiles this spring.
Diving into the book, many of the pages are heavily annotated, including several manicules like what is shown in my intro. And much like those of modern students, the annotations peter out before the end of the book. The more things change...
Taking a look at the paper, most of it is in really good shape. It has a lovely creamy color and supple texture. Every so often throughout the book is a leaf with heavy foxing (rusty-looking discoloration). It is clear that at least one batch of paper used to print the book was of substandard quality and contains acidic particles eating away at the paper. Hopefully, most of the damage has already been done.
Finally, about three-quarters of the way through the book, a section has been rather violently ripped out. One of the photos shows the uneven and rough stubs left over from this assault. Did someone find something they disliked and angrily remove it? Was it a section with valuable information that a student or practitioner decided to take for themselves? The missing section mainly deals with the pleasant-sounding "putrid fever." Was it a library book and, lacking a sharp knife, someone coughed loudly while ripping out the pages? We will never know, but it is fun to think about!
For more on Mesue the Younger, check out The "Prince of Medicine." It is a deep dive into his origins and lasting influence from Paula De Vos (2013).
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magioffire · 1 year
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(cw for discussions of drugs/drug use)
@ crime/detective fiction writers, urban fantasy writers, writers who want to put fancy made up sci-fi or fantasy drugs into their homebrew world, writers who write characters who use drugs, and people who just need a good resource for  learning about altered states of consciousness, ive got you.
 i recently remembered two sites i used to frequent for researching psychoactive substances, and they continue to be useful, thorough resources to this day. i also have had a few people come to me over the past few months asking for such resources to help with their writing. i feel like i should share them with everyone! most people might not even find these websites in an average google search.
its hard enough being a writer and having a search history full of ....questionable google searches, all for the sake of research of course. the more taboo or specific the information, the harder it is to find reliable and non-biased sources of research. drugs are likely among the most difficult topc to find information on.  where does a person need to go to learn about such things?  make a deal wth an evil dark web wizard in exchange for forbidden drug knowledge???
wouldn't it be nice if you just already knew some free, safe, surface web websites to go to that would take you directly to the information you're looking for, saving you tons of time of scouring search engines for little crumbs of info?. well, your prayers you didnt even know you had have been answered. here you go:
erowid.org
ive used erowid as my go to for reading other peoples personal experiences with pyschoactive substances since i was a teenager. its not just a drug experience archive though, it also hosts plenty of scientific and historical articles (some very old and rare that would be pressed to find freely available in many other places on the internet) about pyschoactive substances and altered states of consciousness of all varieties. another great thing about erowid: it lists the LEGALITY of each substance it catalogues in many dfferent countres. erowid uses legal, academic and community sources  to provide a much more well rounded view of the topics it hosts.
erowid catalogues personal experiences of real life people who have published their experiences to the site (located in erowid’s psychoactive experience vault). people have recorded their experiences using everything from coffee, to lsd, to cocaine, to 5-meo-dmt, to alcohol, to mad honey, to cough syrup.
it is a go to source if you need some insight into the mind of someone recalling the most intense mushrooom trip of their life, or if you are curious if anyone has actually even *tried* that one obscure drug you heard about in a movie once, or you need to know the hour-by-hour subjective effects of a certain drug. theres good experiences, bad experiences, spiritual experience, mundane experences.  i highly recommend erowid for anyone looking for a more organic, personal, and much less clinical AND less criminalized view at the effects of psychoactive substances on minds and cultures.
https://psychonautwiki.org
pyschonautwiki will give you pretty much everything you need to know about every single psychoactive, ever, and its always being updated.
on any given page you will find information like: historical and cultural use of the drug, what drug class it belongs to, the pharmacological make up, common routes of administration, subjective and physiological effects ranked in terms of how frequently they occur and at what doses, what is considered a threshold dose, an average dose, a heavy dose, an overdose, and a lethal dose (all lethal doses are overdoses, but not all overdoses of every drug out there are lethal), and lots of safety info. this site goes very deep into recording the cognitive, sensory, psychological, emotional and physical effects of drugs.
its a super clean, easy to navigate site. i believe its most useful as a resource to writers who want to know how to portray a drug trip or drug abuse accurately down to the last detail -- as every drug creates a unique and entirely subjective effect.  like erowid, this site’s collection of information expands beyond just substances: it also has information on other states of consciousness not induced by substances, including lucid dreaming, meditation, and near-death-experiences.
long gone are the days of portraying your character’s fever dreams or  sci-f space drug trp as a parade of pink dancing elephants (unless, of course, thats exactly what your’e gong for. then by all means). now you dont have to do nearly as much guess work  as to how a specific substance generally effects people, and get more creative ideas for how you can rattle your character’s psyche.
hopefully, these resources might prove helpful to find a no-bullshit attached  resource with minimal anti-drug propaganda, and most importantly credible information about drugs and drug use. so people can research these things without ever actually getting involved in anything dangerous. they are also, obviously, good harm reduction resources, which is the original intention of these sites.
i will continue to add if i find more good safe websites!
disclaimer: these sites are intended to be used for educational and research purposes. do not try anything illegal or dangerous that may be recorded on these websites.
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souvlakiandcocaine · 7 months
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I’m like. obsessed w how substances affect the body. like how skincare makes me look young and how drugs make me feel amazing and how herbs cure my flu. it’s all so magical crazy interesting 2 me. I guess that would b like? pharmacology? what career do I enter based on this lol
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muslimconnect · 7 days
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A Journey Through Muslim Traditions And Activities
Islamic commercial enterprise is an idea that emphasizes the values and concepts taught by way of Islam in carrying out commercial enterprise activities. Islam teaches a complete concept of enterprise that consists of principles and ethics. The commercial enterprise idea in Islam the goal international is intended for income handiest and is not only one of the branches to earn a living, however, it's far one of the branches of faith that a trader can draw in the direction of God Almighty.
For more details information you can read our latest article named Muslim Owned Business
What Is Muslim Summer Camp?
Cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) turned into the authentic “2d messenger” to be determined. Its formation is promoted by employing adenylyl cyclase activation after ligation of G protein-coupled receptors through ligands which include hormones, autocoids, prostaglandins, and pharmacologic agents.
A summer season camp is a teenager's development business enterprise, supervised by way of professional adults, that strives to foster a private boom for youngsters by offering them a laugh, secure instructional and leisure programs, door experiences, and group sports at the same time as far from home all through the summer season months.
A summer season camp is a place in the United States of America where dads and moms can pay to send their children at some stage in the college summer season vacation.
For more details information you can read our latest article named Muslim Summer Camp
Muslim Nursing Home
Delivering outstanding care to Muslim sufferers consists of recognition of the implications of the Islamic faith and ideals. Nurses have to recognize the inferences of nonsecular and cultural values for clinical practices. They must be privy to the need for modesty and privateness.
In Islam, nurses offer healthcare offerings to sufferers, households, and groups as a manifestation of love for Allah and Muhammad. The nursing profession isn't always new to Islam. Islamic traditions include sympathy for and duty towards the ones in need.
However, even most orthodox Muslims recognize that during a scientific emergency, saving an affected person's existence takes priority over locating a lady or male expert and that having a male issuer treat a female patient or a lady issuer treat a male affected person is suitable in an emergency.
For more details information you can read our latest article named Muslim Nursing Home
Mouthwatering Muslim Biryani
Biryani is derived from the Persian phrase Birian, which means 'fried before cooking', and Birinj, the Persian word for rice. While there is more than one theory about how biryani made its way to India, it is usually time-honored that it originated in West Asia.
Chicken biryani is so famous due to the different flavors and the substances it consists of and the nostalgia it conjures up as a royal and iconic dish. One of the maximum not unusual approaches to preparing chook biryani is to layer spiced birds followed by rice, fried onions, and ghee.
For more updates, you can read our latest blog post Muslim Biryani House. 
Benefits Of Muslim Divorce Lawyer
As in step with Islamic laws, a pair can gain a divorce from each other either through the technique of 'Talaq' or 'Khula'. However, these are two exclusive tactics. 'Khula' refers back to the right of a Muslim lady to give a divorce to her husband unilaterally, in keeping with reports.
The two types of divorce by way of mutual consent commonplace below Islamic regulation are khula and Mubarak. In khula, the preference for divorce comes from the wife returning the dower that she received from her husband, while Mubarak is the dissolution of marriage with the aid of mutual consent.
The Qur'an promotes reconciliation, via negotiated settlements among the spouses themselves or the usage of arbitrators from their families. However, when “mutual exact treatment” isn't always feasible, there needs to be an amicable parting. Thus, the Qur'an treats divorce as something authorized but now not laudable.
For more details information you can read our latest article named Muslim Divorce Lawyer
What Is the Muslim Community Called?
The phrases Muslim international and Islamic world typically consult with the Islamic community, which is likewise referred to as the Ummah. This includes all those who adhere to the spiritual beliefs, politics, and laws of Islam or to societies in which Islam is practiced.
Although the means of the ummah starts virtually with a preferred application of the word, it step by step develops to reference a trendy spiritual community and then evolves to mainly discuss with the Muslim nation.
The term Ummah designates the Islamic holy community, i.e., the nonsecular community. This, the major meaning of the term, is found inside the Qur'an however simplest in a constrained number of instances.
For more details information you can read our latest article named Muslim Community Center
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Neuroplasticity Drug-Crime Nexus in Belgique based on Trafficking.
CPP, GABA, et FENTALOGS: Cul-de-sac
Bastilles: Cul-de-sac Artist Résidences Penthouse Complexes
Big Room House Raves
Acid House Art Gallery
International Film Festival
Hôtel Chefs
Seigneurial System/Tableau Economique Raw Material Économics Production Spot
Surautomatism
Discount Networking Acid House Party
Opium Dens and Fragrance Festivals
Pill Pressers
CNS depressants
Upper-tier County System
Defense Lawyers are Traplords
Brain Receptor Dealing
Neuroplasticity Drug-Crime Nexus
Religious Ecstacy
Entheogens are psychedelic drugs—and sometimes certain other psychoactive substances—used for engendering spiritual development or otherwise in sacred contexts
Live-Pool Betting Monopoly Board Game
Summary Sentencing
A designer drug is a structural or functional analog of a controlled substance that has been designed to mimic the pharmacological effects of the original drug, while avoiding classification as illegal and/or detection in standard drug tests
INTERPOL
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twofacedtrickery · 4 months
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I thought the anonymous user asking after Red Sight wanted to know its effects, which was daunting to explain. I didn't realize describing it as a pharmacological substance would suffice.
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rustedskyprisms · 5 months
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Honestly I cannot imagine ever calling any, uh, substance, “stupid”. If you’re interested in this stuff from a chemistry/pharmacology perspective you just cannot see any of it that way at all. It doesn’t matter if I have no interest in it, or if I had bad experiences with something; it’s not about me.
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neuroticboyfriend · 5 months
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What would u consider a weird drug? I'm curious lol :)
It varies, but it's all in relation to common drugs. It can be the pharmacology, or the effects, maybe how it was developed.
My favorite is Difluoropine. Someone else showed me the page but, it's a cocaine analogue that's also structurally similar to benztropine. So basically it functions as a stimulant like cocaine and as an antihistamine + anticholinergic.
Someone ik gave it the nickname benacocaine, because Benadryl is another antihistamine (that's abused for its deliriant effects - 10/10 do NOT recommend, deliriants are not the same as hallucinogens or psychedelics. The experience is overwhelmingly negative and it's literally just giving yourself psychosis. It can also increase risk of dementia).
So yeah, I have some other Weird and/or otherwise interesting substances if anyone wants to know em. Chemistry is weird.
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