togruta are carnivores and have cool teeth

Tomura Shigaraki 's abuse and neglect under All for One

I've decided to make this post due to the fact AFO's abuse towards Tomura is often ignored and even denied, so I'll be bringing a collection of scenes that prove he was being severally neglected during the 15 years he lived with AFO

1- Malnourishment and Underweight

At the beginning of the story Tomura used to be very skinny, his spine visible, very accentuated collar bones.

We can't see if his ribcages are exposed too since he's always dressed, but we can tell he is abnormally skinny and thin.

Some theorize AFO's purposefully keeps him in this state so he's more weak and frail similar to Yoichi. Or so it adds to his tiredness and numbness.

He's also been shown randomly struggling before (it could've been the aftershock of Stain attack, i don't know)

2- Lack of hygiene

He literally lives in pure filth, trash bags, old soda cans, paper, boxes, packages of food that seems ordered other than homemade, it lingers all over his floor, he is clearly a hoarder

It's completely different of the kept and clean bar, and now before you say "That's Tomura's responsibility, he's an adult he should clean it himself!" just think for a minute, if you had a son, that you see as your heir, and bets on their future so much,If you truly cared about them and saw they felt into a hoarder mindset, wouldn't you at least help?

Why not even Kurogiri cleans if Tomura was being cared by him? This clearly is intentional neglect, specially to keep his mood constantly down.

3 - His teeth

Tomura canonically has crooked teeth (compare his teeth to the other's in the jump festa art), cavities or at least what looks like plaques or dirt all over his teeth.

For someone raised by someone as filthy rich as AFO, he should've had access to dental care

4- Shaggy hair

His hair looks un-brushed, shaggy and dirty, which had no reason for before MVA when he became homeless, so why even at the start? How long has he taken a bath or a shower?

Look at the blatant difference in this scene after he showered at the PLF mansion

5- Unkept, ragged and broken nails

despite his hands also being very skinny, his nails are also all rough and broken Now, I know Tomura isn't a kid to have someone cut his nails for him, but this implies he was never teached how to take care for himself.

Besides of course his clear symptoms of depression and suicidal idealism, which, are very obvious, All for One IS neglecting Tomura by keeping him in that state /knowing/ he isn't being capable of taking care of himself.

6- His bedroom

First of all: No windows

Second, notice how empty it used to be, he had nothing but a bed and a desk, but right as he committed his first murder he started to receive toys, AFO is lovebombing and manipulating him to kill more

7- The obvious neglect to his pain

Notice how every time Tomura panics or is even wounded, he is just ignored and left on the floor bleeding out, puking or writhing.

Which uh- it isn't normal to watch your kid writhe in the floor while smiling and monologuing

8- 24/7 Surveillance and lack of privacy

There are cameras everywhere, AFO spends most of the time watching Tomura, even in his own bedroom, and even talks to him, Tomura probably hasn't had any privacy ever since he was 5

Which is a sign of abuse and control

His entire childhood from 5 to 20 is often relatable for people who grew in cult like environments, and homeschooled children who grew under controlling parents, despite the abuse not being as "obvious" since AFO never directly physically hurt him, the neglect and psychological torture is still there, that and more all the manipulation, gaslighting and grooming (think of Mother Gothel from Tangled as an example of this type of abuser)

By the way, talking about it

9- Gaslighting

"but wasn't /you/ who desired my power?"

The entire body possession plot is a clear evidence AFO never saw Tomura as anything other than a toy to play with, the same way he saw Yoichi, but so many people say the possession was a retcon because "early afo cleared saw him as his heir, he even said it's all for him!"

Well, argue with the literal "he's the next me", while he is.... weirdly caressing the screen while he watches his kid with no privacy- 100% creep behavior

10- AFO's bizzare behavior towards Tomura

The way All for One's hands are often shown caressing him or encasing him somehow, which yeah, it's part of the symbology of Tomura's character (hands that can both hurt and save)

But knowing AFO represents /hurt/ and, you know, i'ts kinda weird to caress the kid you kidnaped off the streets like that-

Cuz yes! Picking kids from the street even if they are orphan is illegal!! You should take them to a police station instead :D

Tomura was KIDNAPED by AFO, not saved.

11- Proof Tomura doesn't /feel/ saved

During his fight against Bakugou, when he sees him being helped, besides being "broken" he starts to spiral on "why no one saved me even before i was broken?"

The visual including the granny that ignored him on the streets

AFO broke him.

He recurrently thinks back to when he was on the streets, even though he was already traumatized, and had already killed his family, he still had /hope/ he ADMITS he believes he could've been different if it wasn't for AFO

If AFO had truly saved him,he wouldn't think like this

12- AFO gifting Tomura the corpses of his family to intentionally keep him nauseated, uncomfortable and traumatized, so he never heals

Besides their weird placements- On a kid. the gangster's hands being in his chest...

13-AFO's intentional desire for Tomura's discomfort

If this entire thread didn't make it obvious already, All for One benefits of Tomura's tiredness, ill feelings, nausea, depression and suicidal mindset, and over all physical and psychological discomfort

This ensures he's submissive to his manipulations and orders, keep him feeling hatred and anger due to constant overwhelming feelings and makes it harder for him to think of why AFO does all of it at all.

I could go even deeper than this about it, but i've reached thread limit and am lazy, so I hope you enjoyed this thread!

Thank you for reading

M3gan and a lonely child

“She’ll take care of the little things, so you can spend more time doing the things that matter.”

From left to right, M3gan (Amie Donald), Gemma (Allison Williams), and Cady (Violet McGraw). Image via IMDb.

M3GAN, directed by Gerald Johnstone and written by Akela Cooper, is a great little horror film — it’s funny, it’s freaky, it’s well-paced, and obviously M3gan herself is a really great character who’s already had a lot of impact in memes and pop culture.

Cady (Violet McGraw), a quiet and self-effacing little girl, is orphaned when her parents are killed in a car accident, after which she’s sent to live with her Aunt Gemma (Allison Williams). Her aunt, a workaholic engineer at a famous toy company, pairs Cady up with the newest toy in development — M3GAN, standing for Model 3 Generative Android, a life-sized human doll that uses AI learning models to engage with, teach, care for, and otherwise be a companion to the children she’s paired with. M3GAN (played by Amie Donald, voiced by Jenna Davis) spends time with Cady while Gemma focuses for the majority of the film on her work, not realising that she’s neglecting Cady’s emotional needs or that M3gan’s learning model is more dangerous than she anticipated.

One thing I didn’t expect going into it was how much the central politics of the film would hit me and how hard — M3GAN throughout shows you a deeply unhappy, lonely little girl, and step-by-step goes through what has made her that way.

It would have been very easy for the film to basically treat M3GAN as a metaphor for the terrors of “screentime”, and how too much screentime harms a child — it stunts their growth! They become too used to screens! They become lonely and sad!

I don’t disagree that too much time using screens can be detrimental to anyone’s life and development, but it can’t be denied that screentime is frequently used as a boogeyman to distract from the real issue: that many caregivers give their children TV, computers, or their phones, because they don’t want to waste their time interacting with them. Children are stranded with screens and technology because their parents are busy, or tired, or just want them to be quiet. The technology itself is not the problem, but the desire to put this technology in your child’s hands and then walk away or mentally disengage so that you can do something else.

While there are a few moments in the film where Gemma (Allison Williams) treats M3gan with the casual disregard she might do an iPad, the core of most of the film is in that M3gan is making Cady feel cared for, which nobody else does.

Before I dig in, according to the NSPCC, these are the four main forms of child neglect:

Physical neglect. A child’s basic needs, such as food, clothing or shelter, are not met or they aren’t properly supervised or kept safe.

Educational neglect. A parent doesn’t ensure their child is given an education.

Emotional neglect. A child doesn’t get the nurture and stimulation they need. This could be through ignoring, humiliating, intimidating or isolating them.

Medical neglect. A child isn’t given proper health care. This includes dental care and refusing or ignoring medical recommendations.

Apart from medical neglect, in the course of M3gan, Cady experiences all of these forms of neglect from Gemma, and potentially from her parents as well. As well as Cady, a boy called Brandon (Cady’s bully who is killed by M3gan) also appears to be neglected by his mother, and Dewey the dog is also heavily neglected and not given appropriate care as a pet by Celia, Gemma’s neighbour.

The whole film is about desires to replace the basic responsibilities of caregiving with various alternatives, and also about avoiding the basic responsibilities of other relationships with each other and our communities.

M3gan’s not the cause of any of these, but a symptom, and a catalyst for their being shown more obviously.

Read on Patreon / / Read on Medium.

About 10k, a 38min read.

Get A Big, Bright Smile Through These Dental Care Tips

Practicing good dental care can sometimes be difficult during our stressful lives. But if you're like many people who dread going to the dentist, then you will want to read this article that loaded with great tips about dental care. Keep reading to educate yourself on how to perform proper dental care. Avoid drinking braces nz . Sodas are chock full of sugar, so you should drink plenty of water instead of soda. Water helps your health overall, and can give you great teeth. You should brush and clean your teeth thoroughly after every meal you have. Do not hesitate to carry a small toothbrush and some floss with you so you can clean your teeth no matter where you are. If you do not clean your teeth after a meal, make up for it by spending more time cleaning your teeth later. Make sure the tools you are using to clean your teeth are appropriate for your needs. Find a soft-bristled brush that feels good in your mouth (not too large or too small). Pick out a fluoride toothpaste that you are comfortable with. If you don't think, you are doing a good job brushing, think about getting an electronic brush that will do a lot of the work for you. Schedule a visit to your dentist if you have sensitive teeth. Pain in your teeth when eating hot foods or drinking cold drinks may be indicative of serious dental issues. You may have a cavity, nerve inflammation, or nerve irritation. These are dental problems you do not want to ignore. It is significant to teach kids the importance of good dental care as early as possible. Help them to understand why brushing is important and how it keeps their teeth clean. Establishing good early habits will set the foundation for your child taking care of their teeth as they get older. Do you have bad breath? You should clean your tongue more regularly. Invest in some tongue scrapers and use them after each meal to remove bacterias from your tongue. Rinsing your mouth with an anti-bacterial mouth wash can help too. If the problem persists, go to your dentist to find out what is causing your bad breath. Having trouble thinking of spending a lot of money on a toothbrush? According to many dentists, a higher-end electric toothbrush is the next best thing to a regular in-office cleaning. Although some of these toothbrushes cannot get all debris found under the gums, they're still a powerful cleaner. Pick a brush that has many heads and a solid warranty. You can introduce electric toothbrushes to your children starting at the age of three. You should always supervise your children's toothbrushing activities while using these brushes and make sure that your child understands that an electric toothbrush is not a toy and should only be used in his or her mouth. Consider purchasing electric toothbrushes for the whole family. They cut down the effort you have to produce to get the same results with a manual brush. Electric toothbrushes are not only affordable, but are recommended by most professional dentists. They have solid bristles which cup around your tooth and quickly help brush away plaque. If you have a damaged tooth, always use tooth extraction as a last result. At the end of the day, it is always better to keep your natural teeth as opposed to choosing other, more permanent solutions. This might mean more visits to the dentists office, but you and your teeth will feel better about it. When you don't have time to brush, consider chewing a piece of sugar-free gum instead. Avoid aspartame as studies have shown it can have some frightening side effects health-wise. Instead, find gums, which include Xylitol such as Pur gum to have a healthy way to clean your teeth after meals. Eat healthy fruits and vegetables to help keep teeth cleaned naturally. The natural abrasive qualities of fibrous fruits and vegetables, such as apples and carrots, help to break down and remove sticky plaque from teeth and gum lines. In addition to eating healthier snacks, you will be taking steps to keep your teeth looking their best. Now you see all the dental problems that can be avoided when you have good dental care habits. Hopefully this article has given you many helpful tips that make it simple for you to continue practicing good dental habits. Read the tips again if you would like to make sure you're doing everything right.

Get A Big, Bright Smile Through These Dental Care Tips

Practicing good dental care can sometimes be difficult during our stressful lives. But if you're like many people who dread going to the dentist, then you will want to read this article that loaded with great tips about dental care. Keep reading to educate yourself on how to perform proper dental care. Avoid drinking soda. Sodas are chock full of sugar, so you should drink plenty of water instead of soda. Water helps your health overall, and can give you great teeth. You should brush and clean your teeth thoroughly after every meal you have. Do not hesitate to carry a small toothbrush and some floss with you so you can clean your teeth no matter where you are. If you do not clean your teeth after a meal, make up for it by spending more time cleaning your teeth later. Make sure the tools you are using to clean your teeth are appropriate for your needs. Find a soft-bristled brush that feels good in your mouth (not too large or too small). Pick out a fluoride toothpaste that you are comfortable with. If you don't think, you are doing a good job brushing, think about getting an electronic brush that will do a lot of the work for you. Schedule a visit to your dentist if you have sensitive teeth. Pain in your teeth when eating hot foods or drinking cold drinks may be indicative of serious dental issues. You may have a cavity, nerve inflammation, or nerve irritation. These are dental problems you do not want to ignore. It is significant to teach kids the importance of good dental care as early as possible. Help them to understand why brushing is important and how it keeps their teeth clean. Establishing good early habits will set the foundation for your child taking care of their teeth as they get older. Do you have bad breath? You should clean your tongue more regularly. Invest in some tongue scrapers and use them after each meal to remove bacterias from your tongue. Rinsing your mouth with an anti-bacterial mouth wash can help too. If braces nz persists, go to your dentist to find out what is causing your bad breath. Having trouble thinking of spending a lot of money on a toothbrush? According to many dentists, a higher-end electric toothbrush is the next best thing to a regular in-office cleaning. Although some of these toothbrushes cannot get all debris found under the gums, they're still a powerful cleaner. Pick a brush that has many heads and a solid warranty. You can introduce electric toothbrushes to your children starting at the age of three. You should always supervise your children's toothbrushing activities while using these brushes and make sure that your child understands that an electric toothbrush is not a toy and should only be used in his or her mouth. Consider purchasing electric toothbrushes for the whole family. They cut down the effort you have to produce to get the same results with a manual brush. Electric toothbrushes are not only affordable, but are recommended by most professional dentists. They have solid bristles which cup around your tooth and quickly help brush away plaque. If you have a damaged tooth, always use tooth extraction as a last result. At the end of the day, it is always better to keep your natural teeth as opposed to choosing other, more permanent solutions. This might mean more visits to the dentists office, but you and your teeth will feel better about it. When you don't have time to brush, consider chewing a piece of sugar-free gum instead. Avoid aspartame as studies have shown it can have some frightening side effects health-wise. Instead, find gums, which include Xylitol such as Pur gum to have a healthy way to clean your teeth after meals. Eat healthy fruits and vegetables to help keep teeth cleaned naturally. The natural abrasive qualities of fibrous fruits and vegetables, such as apples and carrots, help to break down and remove sticky plaque from teeth and gum lines. In addition to eating healthier snacks, you will be taking steps to keep your teeth looking their best. Now you see all the dental problems that can be avoided when you have good dental care habits. Hopefully this article has given you many helpful tips that make it simple for you to continue practicing good dental habits. Read the tips again if you would like to make sure you're doing everything right.

Iris Publishers-Open Access Journal of Clinical & Medical Sciences

Authored by  Mohammad Kamrujjaman* IntroductionDown syndrome (DS) is a genetic condition that results in some level of learning disability and a particular range of physical characteristics. Learning disability can affect a person to learn very new things into their every aspect of their life including at school [1]. Therefore, children with DS can have difficulty in learning new things, understanding information, communicating properly, confronting a complex situation, and/ or coping independently. In addition of learning disabilities, children with DS may have various kinds of health-related problems such as CHD (Congenital Heart Disease), vision problems, hearing loss, infections, hypothyroidism, blood disorders, poor muscle tone, sleep disorders, gum or dental problems, epilepsy, digestive problems, mental and emotional problems, and so on [2]. Hence, a different type of supporting services like educational, emotional, financial, recreational rather than medical services is needed for dealing with DS children. DS can be detected from mother’s womb to after birth. There are many screening programmes which can be carried out during pregnancy. During this screening programme, every mother should get proper guidelines and idea about what to do if the outcome is positive or negative. Education can be provided to the children with DS either at special school or mainstream school according to the parent’s desire or the present condition of that child. As children with DS have associated health problems as well as they require special care, their parent’s may face financial problem to look after them. Therefore, children with DS require supporting services from being their mother’s womb till lifelong. United Kingdom is a country of 63,136,000 populations. Among them, almost 60,000 people are living with DS as every year one in every 1000 babies are born with this condition [3]. Unfortunately, Bangladesh does not have studies to say how many people are suffering from the chromosomal disorder like a DS. But some organizations who work with children with DS has estimated that about 200,000 individuals are suffering from DS in Bangladesh, this estimation has been made based on the global trend that one in every 800 children born with this chromosomal abnormality though. The children with DS begin to get their services from a different type of health care providing institutions as prenatal screening and diagnostic test. Supporting health care services can be public funded and/ or private hospital, clinic, and diagnostic centre. As the prenatal screening or diagnostic test is to be done on the pregnant woman, therefore proper, realistic, unprejudiced knowledge about the test should be provided to them before going to test. Thus, prenatal screening and diagnostic test is related to health care providing institutions, health care providers, professionals and services provided information about test and DS, and government policies. Therefore, this study will be looked at all the services regarding prenatal and diagnostic test both in UK and Bangladesh in order to compare their services. Mother of a child with DS may face various problems when she noticed that she has given birth a child with DS. Yildirim et al. [4] state that this situation exposes mothers to intense stress and emotional problems such as denial, anxiety, anger, guilt, unexpected crisis, avoidance of facing external world’s attitude, disappointment, decrease in selfconfidence and self-respect. As individuals with DS have associated medical problems, so referral and getting access to specialized professionals according to their problems need to be done. Supporting services may take useful steps to do this. Specialized education and interventions can greatly benefit children with DS [5]. All children place a financial burden upon their parents because of their special needs for therapy, toy, medical procedures, and additional care. Except for financial supporting services, it may be difficult for a nation without universal health care systems in order to raise a child with DS. The research will explore the services for the children with DS and their families which are provided by the both UK and Bangladesh in order to get a comparison study. By exploring the services, the research will be looked at the gaps, advantages, disadvantages, similarities between these two countries’ services and trying to find out the potential reasons which are lie to know the present condition of the supporting services which are mostly used and accessed by the children with DS ages from 0 to 18 years and their families. Literature ReviewPre-natal diagnosis for down syndromePrenatal diagnosis can be done in two ways- one is called prenatal screening test and another is a prenatal diagnostic test [6]. In 2001, the UK National Screening Committee recommended that all pregnant mothers are offered to screen for DS [7]. Some studies [8,9] have concluded that due to lack of proper knowledge about screening can make a pregnant woman to make decisions for either invasive testing or termination. Midwives, GP, paediatricians can provide information about screening, test, and its outcome. The study, which was conducted by the Hwa et al. [10] concluded that trained counsellors improved the women’s knowledge about the test and encouraged informed choice. Nagle et al. [11] concluded that detailed information about specific testing could increase the knowledge and satisfaction of pregnant women. Unfortunately, Bangladesh does not have any provision for prenatal screening as well as test for detecting DS antenatal. Bangladesh government has just started a pilot project in 2012 for detecting the number of an individual is being disabled [12]. Therefore, services like health institutions (public or private or charity) and its staff (Midwives, Doctor, Nurses, Healthcare Assistants and so on), and public or electronics media could take part in spreading knowledge to the society, particularly to the pregnant women about DS and its outcome and what they should do after getting a baby with DS.Post-natal diagnosis and supportThe children with Down syndrome can be diagnosed immediately after birth by observing some distinctive features on baby’s countenance [13]. Children are usually under the care of a paediatrician from birth, who will screen for heart defects and watch out for any other health risks known to be associated with Down syndrome [14]. DS child may be checked more often than other children to pick up developing problems as early as possible [1]. In the UK, health visitors visit every new born baby’s house routinely to observe baby’s developmental progress. According to babies’ development, they provide essential information to the parents. Children with DS shows weaning problems, delayed teething, dry skin, temperature control abnormality, sleep problems, unable to hold breast and improper toileting [15]. More than 70 percent of the population in Bangladesh currently lives in rural areas [16]. However, the Bangladesh Government and Non-government organizations are trying to strengthen the public health sector by taking some initiatives. It must be recognized that Bangladesh has a well-structured health system with three tiers of primary health care as Upazila Health Complexes (UHC) at the sub-district level, Union Health and Family Welfare Centres (UHFWC) at the Union (collection of few villages) level, and Community Clinics (CC) at the village level and these are backed by the District Hospitals providing secondary level care and the tertiary hospitals of various kind in large urban centres [17]. In addition, Shishu Bikash Kendra (Child Development Centres) has been established in district hospitals and these centres in government tertiary medical colleges perform early assessment and diagnosis for children identified with potential disabilities including DS and they also treat disabilities and offer training and support for parents which are now located in 10 government medical hospitals, 3 in Dhaka and 7 outside and also plans call for replication in all 17 government hospitals and 20 district hospitals [18].Emotional supportAll the mothers having a child with DS had shown a negative reaction about their child’s condition and made them shocked and fearful. Although several participants described the various resources and emotional support like support from medical staff, parents of DS children, charity organizations were significant for the coping of adjustment process with DS children [19]. The Down’s syndrome Association in UK provide all kinds of emotional support to the parents of DS children. ‘Contact a Family for a Disabled Child’ is another charity organization that provides emotional support to the parents of DS children. There are many regional DS groups in the UK which provide emotional support to the parents of DS children [14]. In contrast to UK, there is no either public or private emotional support service in Bangladesh which could potentially provide emotional support to the disabled children or their families. Although, there is one centre named Shishu Bikash Kendra (Child Development Centres) situated in some government tertiary medical colleges which provide some sort of emotional support and training to the parents who have a disabled child including DS [18]. Beside this, there are some NGO’s provide emotional support to the parents, for example; Handicap Bangladesh, Muslim Aid etc. Due to lack of emotional support, people with disability and their family believe that it is their fate and disabled children are inferior to able-bodied children and disabled children do not have right to participate in any socio-cultural activities [17]. As a consequence, the family may keep their disabled children away from society and sometimes disabled children considered as family’s burden as they are unable to earn money for their family. In Bangladesh, a survey conducted in rural areas shows that emotional problem was the most embarrassing problem where 50% respondents stated that they are hated and avoided by the well-bodied peoples as a consequence about 50.4% respondents don’t participate in any community activities [17].Referral to the specialist professionalsSpecialist professionals (Cardiologist, Endocrinologist, Physiotherapist, Occupational therapist, Speech therapist, Psychologist, Educator, etc.) are necessary for children with DS in order to deal with their problems as they show many problems. In the UK, every person has got a family doctor called as General Practitioner (GP) with free of cost [6]. The However, general practitioner is responsible for dealing with children’s daily health issues and health visitors visit family homes in the early years to check on children’s health and development. They provide help, advice and practical assistance about the care of very young children, child development, sleep patterns, feeding, behaviour and safety [20]. Paediatrician usually refers a DS child to ear, nose and throat consultant (ENT consultant), audiologist, cardiologist/ cardiac surgeon, neurologist, ophthalmologist, endocrinologist, gastroenterologist, oncologist, physiotherapist (PT), occupational therapist (OT), speech and language therapist (SALT). PT, OT and SLT provide essential support, advice and information to the parents as well as to the children at home or at hospital or clinics and the rest of the specialists which mentioned above are usually provide necessary support at the hospital [20]. In Bangladesh, specialized rehabilitation services for disabled children are provided by the Government under the direction of the Ministry of Social Welfare (MOSW) and by non-government organizations (NGOs) [18]. “Hope for Life”, “Muslim Aid Bangladesh”, “Centre for Rehabilitation of the Paralysed’ are some of the known NGO’s working with disabled children in Bangladesh to provide the rehabilitation services like physiotherapy, occupational therapy, speech therapy. Jatiyo Protibondhi Unnayan Foundation (JPUF) has established 68 onestop service centres in 64 districts by the favour of Ministry of Social welfare and the World Bank for the children with disabilities to provide essential advice, physiotherapy, occupational or speech therapy, assistive device, mobility or hearing or vision aids and referral to specialist professionals with free of cost [21].Education for children with down syndromeWeakness and strength of DS children in the educational context: One major difficulty of most children with DS demonstrate is in language development. Laws & Bishop [22] reported that the language abilities of children with DS were significantly compromised in comparison to their non-verbal cognitive level. Rosner et al. [23] compared the social competence of individuals aged 4 to 49 with DS, Prader-Willi syndrome or Williams’ syndrome. Nevertheless, when compared to their typically developing peers, children with Down syndrome are typically more likely to demonstrate behavioural difficulties, such as non-compliance and stubbornness [24]. Therefore, proper educational strategies, intervention, and skilled teachers and supporting staff can educate a child with DS.Inclusive education for children with DS: Successful inclusive schools describe the crucial significance of parents’ participation in the process of their child’s inclusive education. Baker et al. [25] indicate from three meta-analyses that a small-to-moderate positive effect of inclusive education exists in terms of social and academic outcomes for children with special needs. Research has found that learners with learning difficulties who attended inclusive classrooms did not show high levels of loneliness and that a remarkable increase was evident in the number of reciprocal relationships that they formed [26,27]. In the UK, the Code of Practice defines the essential framework of Government guidance on the treatment of children with special educational needs. Department for Education and Department of Health [28] has set out a number of ‘fundamental principles’ in the Code of Practice. In the UK, LA’s responsible for SEN services that provide support for children in the family home, at nurseries and playgroups and in a range of school settings. There is virtually no access to preschool education in Bangladesh for children with disabilities, except for programs designed and implemented through non-governmental organizations. For example, BRAC and Save the Children’s have run a project since 1997 known as preschools or early childhood programs that serve children with disabilities. These programs has been serving to children at the “pre-primary” level, which includes children ages 5 to 6 or 7 years of age [29].Financial support for children with DSExisting studies indicate that mother’s possibility to work outside at home may be decreased if she has a disabled or sick child [30,31] and father’s work hours can be reduced due to looking after a disabled child Therefore, financial support either from government or charity or private organization can be helpful for the parents having a Down syndrome child in order to meet their child demands as well as they can provide enough time to look after their children. In the UK, a wide range of financial assistance is available for the parents of a disabled child including Down syndrome and anyone can be eligible to have those aids. The Department for Work and Pensions (DWP) in UK is responsible for providing all types of benefit. Anyone can claim for getting Disability Living Allowance (DLA) if he has a child under-16 with disability [32]. DLA is a tax free benefit which is usually paid every 4 weeks. The rate DLA is made up of 2 components (parts) namely; care component and mobility component. The weekly rate varies from £21.80 to £82.30 depends on how disability or health condition affects one’s daily life. In addition, if anyone needs financial help in order to meet their essential needs then they can contact with the financial advisors of Down Syndrome Association, which is a charitable organization works for the welfare of the family and children with DS. On the other hand, Bangladesh government provides allowance only to an insolvent person with disability. This allowance programme has been started from 2004-2005 budget sessions with 24.99cores BDTK [33]. This budget has now reached to 240.00 cores BDTK in 2014 - 2015. An individual with disability would get 200 BDTK per month in the beginning of this allowance programme which was in 2004-2005 session. Now it has increased to 500 BDTK per month for a person [12].Social support for children with DS and their familiesDunst et al. [34] defined social support as being a multidimensional construct that includes physical and instrumental assistance, sharing of information and resources, and as providing emotional and psychological support. Therefore, the summation of these above definitions provided the definition of social support as emotional, psychological, financial, institutional, informational support which can come from family members, friends, teachers, any public or private institutions, and professional states. In the UK, local authorities (LA) provide essential support, advice and help to the disabled children and their parents in order to meet their needs [20]. Parents or disabled children do not even need to do register to get the support from LA. It is a programme which is arranged in a way by which children with disability can develop their personal and social progress as well as parents can get some rest from their caring responsibilities [35]. Social workers can provide practical help, advice, information and support to get access into the supporting services for all disabled children or their parents or even whose do not have internet access or unable to browse or unaware of ‘local offers’. Apart from those public social supporting services, the UK has a lot of private or charitable organizations which provide social support both to the parents and disabled children. ‘Contact a Family’ runs a helpline for family members and parents to get in touch with other parent carers of disabled children living nearby [36].MethodologyBangladesh and United Kingdom were selected for the literature review. The literature review was the main source to justify the following research questions. These are:a. What health services are available for children with DS?b. Is there any emotional support service receivable by the parents having children with DS?c. Is there any educational service for educating children with DS?d. What financial support is available for the children with DS and their families?The literatures were collected from many sources such as websites, international or national organizations, public and private organization’s published report, provision and strategies, e-books, journals, articles and books. It is a social science research method refers to the analysis of documents that contain information about the phenomenon one wish to study [37]. Here, phenomenon refers to the services existing both in Bangladesh and UK to provide support for the children with DS and their families. Documents present a good source of text data [38]. The literatures related to DS children aged from 0-18 years and their families were selected for review. The literatures were mainly collected from two countries - Bangladesh and United Kingdom in order to answer the research questions as this research doing a comparison of services providing by these two countries for the children with DS and their families. A number of computer and electronic sources were used to identify studies relevant to the research questions. These included Willey Online Library, PubMed, Google Search, Google Scholars, Government websites, International and National organization’s website, Non-government organization’s website, Private and charity institution’s website. Beside electronic database, manual searching of literature were used to answer the research questions. Ethical consideration is very important for undertaking a social research. Therefore, ethical approval for this present research had to be sought and gained from the University of South Wales Faculty of life Sciences and Education Research Committee. The author also has checked that all the documents had sought for ethical approval. It is sometimes assumed that secondary or documentary analysis of data raises a few or no ethical considerations. However, therefore the researcher will be reliant on the consent that is being gained on the literatures.FindingsThe principal purpose of this present research was to compare the services which are provided by the both UK and Bangladesh for the children with DS and their families. The present research has also identified some potential reasons which may help to better understand the services and supports most needed and accessed by the children with DS and their families. These are described below:Government provisions and servicesIn the UK, the National Screening Committee advises ministers and the NHS of four UK countries about all aspects of screening and supports the implementation of screening programmes including DS screening [39]. The purpose of this screening is to offer all women a screening test for DS and to provide information so that they are able to exercise informed choice. Having this opportunity provided by the UK Government, all the pregnant women in this country can make an independent choice about their proceeding pregnancy, whether to considers termination or planning for the welfare of their child. This Government provision increases knowledge and understanding of the UK pregnant women about DS than the Bangladeshi pregnant women who are completely unaware of the DS condition. The public running school for disabled children are very limited as well as there is virtually no access to pre-school education in Bangladesh for disabled children. Only two Government schools for intellectually disabled children are obviously not enough for educating the entire disabled children including DS. Lack of enough public funded educational institutions, deficiency of inclusive educational settings is the main problem in getting proper education of the DS children in Bangladesh. However, the amount is good enough to meet the daily expenses of an individual as it varies from £21.80 to £ 82.30 weekly [32]. Whereas in Bangladesh, Government allowance is only given to the insolvent disabled individual. If any disabled children belong to a solvent family then he will not be eligible to get this allowance in Bangladesh. The allowance is only 500 BDTK per month (500 BDTK= 6.43 USD) which is too less for maintaining living expenses in anywhere in Bangladesh. Although, the allowance has increased from 200BDTK to 500 BDTK per month [12] but it is still not enough. Therefore, Bangladesh Government needs to focus on raising the public fund regarding disabled children and their families. In contrast to UK, there is no public organization or agency in Bangladesh for providing any kind of social support. Having no social support, the family often sees the disabled children as a burden [18] as well as most of the disabled children are socially isolated and anxious about their disability [17]. Therefore, deficiency of Government provision concerned with social support, recruitment of social worker and joined up working among different stakeholders are identified as the gap between these two countries regarding to social support.Private or charity or non-government organization’s servicesThere are a lot of charity organizations in the UK, which deal with the DS children and their families. Some of these charity organizations either work with the DS children or their families. These charity organizations are mainly run by the donation. These charity organizations have a lot of branches and a lot of workers all over the UK. They provide information, support, services, and advice from the birth of a disabled child till their entire lives. Unlike UK, the NGO in Bangladesh provide services to the disabled children after their born. There are no public services concerned with specific emotional support in the UK. However, private or charity organizations are playing the main role of providing emotional support to the parents of DS children in UK. The parents of a disabled child in UK can easily contact another parent having a child with disability through the charity organizations websites or phone call and can share their feelings, experience, emotions. Apart from this, these organizations have special advisors for providing emotional support through consultancy with free of cost. Here, literacy and availability of internet offer them to get access into these sources easily and quickly. Unfortunately, there are no services either public or private which could provide emotional support to the parents of a disabled child in Bangladesh. Due to lack of emotional support, the parents of a disabled child make them socially isolated, often see their disabled children as their burden and even it may lead parent’s separation [17]. There are 40 schools (units/branches) that provide special education and vocational training and other programs for children with intellectual disabilities, in addition to the National Institute for the Intellectually Disabled (NIID) and the BRAC schools. It is clear that Bangladesh Government does not have any authorised agency or body as LA’s in UK which can monitor all the school activities and also transparent that NGO’s are the main providers in Bangladesh for educating the disabled children, unlike UK. Most of the charity organization has a financial advisor who provides essential information to the parents of disabled children in order to get proper and accurate financial support from the Government. Anyone can get social support from any charity organizations either with the help of social workers or by phone call or doing registration over the internet. Compared to UK, Bangladesh has some namely financial support providing NGO’s. There is even no social support providing service except one that is situated in the capital of Bangladesh.Trained professionals and staffA major problem is the lack of skilled and trained personnel to support inclusive practices and training in behaviour and classroom management techniques in Bangladesh. Obstacles include low job satisfaction for primary school teachers due to poor salaries and high student-teacher ratios, high numbers of staff vacancies, rising workloads, low levels of awareness about disability and sensitivity to children with disabilities, limited technical support for inclusive education, and lack of monitoring to ensure policies are carried out [18]. The shortage of trained professionals and staff has also seen as a problem in the health sector of Bangladesh. Bangladesh Health Watch has concluded that Bangladesh suffers from shortages and misdistribution of staff, a skill mix imbalance, a negative work environment and a weak knowledge base all of which impact the availability and quality of health services received by children with disabilities [40]. Qualified practitioners constitute a low percentage of all health care providers and the country lacks sufficient numbers of doctors, nurses and health technologists according to WHO standards and averages for low-income countries [41]. Unlike Bangladesh, the UK has 2.8 physicians per 1000 people [42] as well as total expenditure on health per capita (Intl $, 2013) is 3,311 [3]. These statistics confirmed that the UK Government spends too much money behind the health sector including training of health sector professionals and staffs regularly.Literacy and usage of internetStromquist [42] states that literacy skills are fundamental to informed decision-making, personal empowerment, active and passive participation in the local and global social community. These statistics show that almost half of the population in Bangladesh cannot read and write. Due to a lack of empirical support, it is not possible to estimate the exact number of literate parents having children with disabilities. It is assumed that about half of the families with disabled children are not literate; therefore almost half of the population does not know about their rights and responsibility which they supposed to have from Government and other sectors. This statistic also shows that most of the people in the UK have access to the internet. For this reason, every Government and charity organizations provide every kind of information about their services through their websites. Therefore, children with DS and their families can get any kind information whether it is related to health, education, finance, emotional and social support from the internet very easily and quickly. Unlike UK, internet usage by the population 15 years and over has showed that only 1.49% used internet at the national level, and the corresponding figures were 2.00% for males and 0.97% for females while in the rural areas, only 1.13% used internet (1.52% males and 0.73% females) compared to 2.61%, 3.50% and 1.72% for both gender in the urban areas [43]. If any Bangladeshi service providing agency would provide their information through the internet then it would not probably be reached to the entire population whether or not related to disabilities. Therefore, Bangladesh Government should take a step to provide education in all areas as well as further study should be carried out to recognize the proper media in order to provide information about DS.Management and co-ordinationManagement and coordination mechanisms have been established at different levels to support planning, monitoring and cooperation within the Bangladesh Government and among NGOs and parents [18] Whereas in the UK, Section 25 of the Children and Families Act 2014 places a duty on local authorities that should ensure integration between educational provision and training provision, health and social care provision, where this would promote wellbeing and improve the quality of provision for disabled young people and those with SEN [28]. Furthermore, under the Section 26 of the Act, the Local authorities and clinical commissioning groups (CCGs) must make joint commissioning arrangements for education, health and care provision for children and young people with SEN or disabilities. Therefore, only one governing body as LA’s are responsible for ensuring that there is effective coordination and management among all the sectors. The Bangladesh Government could overcome from their management and coordination problem if they had only one governing body which would deal with the disability-related all sectors as UK has LA.Access to servicesLack of accessibility is to be a major barrier to use of services which are available for children with disabilities in Bangladesh. Public transportation also presents barriers to accessing services and schools, especially for wheelchair users who cannot ride buses and trains independently. An Infrastructural barrier is also one of the key obstacles for the inclusion of children with disabilities in education. Lack of accessible toilets also forces many children to drop out of school, especially girls. Leonard Cheshire Disability [44] states that It has been noted that in many cases in developing countries like Bangladesh, disabled children especially girl children do not go to school since they are unable to use the toilet facilities. Infrastructural accessibility in the school buildings and overall accessible environment is required for children with disabilities. When there are no access roads, and transportation then it becomes very challenging for a child with disability and their families to get proper services in Bangladesh. On the other hand, all the services in the UK related to health, education, finance, emotional and social support for children with DS and their families are easy to get access. The children with DS and their families do not often need to go to the hospitals or rehabilitation centres for getting proper health services as health visitors monitor the developmental progress of a child at a regular basis in the UK. Finance, emotional and social service can also get easily by the parents with DS children with the help of the social worker who is available in every location of the UK. The Government of Bangladesh has introduced some initiatives to improve the situation concerned with disability; for example, Executive Order from the Office of the Prime Minister, 2002 highlighted a number of activities to reduce barriers to public transportation, The 2010 Education Policy addresses inclusion of children with disabilities, and the Comprehensive Early Childhood Care and Development [45].ConclusionIt has found that there are many gaps between these two countries public service providers for children with DS and their families. A lack of Government provision, insufficient health service centres, transportation of babies to get proper health services, lack of enough public funded educational institutions, deficiency of inclusive educational settings, shortage of public funds, deficiency of Government provision concerned with social support, and recruitment of social worker were identified as the main gap which are lying between these two countries. Lack of trained staffs and teachers has found as another gap between these two countries schools concerned with DS children. Although, Bangladesh has less trained SEN professionals and staffs in every sector, unlike UK. Bangladesh is far away from UK in term of literacy and usage of the internet. Illiteracy and lack of using internet has made Bangladeshi populations especially children with DS and their families unaware about DS and its outcome and uncertain about existence of services available for them. Lack of accessibility is another major barrier to use of services which are available for children with disabilities in Bangladesh. Many schools, hospitals, rehabilitation centres, Government offices are not accessible to children with disabilities due to the location. Therefore, public transportation is the only way to get access to those organizations. Due to high transportation cost, poor families are unable to afford. In addition, the infrastructures of schools are not disabled friendly in Bangladesh, unlike UK. Almost all the schools are disabled friendly in the UK and most often the children with DS and their families do not need to go around for getting proper services from different stakeholders. When there are no access roads, schools and transportation, trained and enough professionals and staffs, and proper management among stakeholders then it becomes very challenging for children with Down syndrome and their families to get proper services in Bangladesh.

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Dentist games are amazing tools for raising health-savvy kids. Even after you find the best pediatric dentist for your child, getting them there can be another story. If you are like me, or most parents, you may hear the word “no” quite a bit. However, setting a positive tone for your child’s oral care matters.

In fact, their experiences with the dentist and oral hygiene now will affect their dental health for the rest of their life. Early childhood cavities can indicate more serious dental issues later in life. How your child starts taking care of their mouth is how they’ll continue to do so into adulthood.

When we think this way, it places a special importance on early dentist appointments. It also shows how crucial it is to give our children the right perspective about oral health. Unfortunately, it’s estimated that up to 74% of children have at least moderate anxiety associated with dental visits.

As a dentist’s daughter and a mother myself, I understand both sides of the equation! That’s why I often recommend games to other parents, hoping to give their child a lifelong passion for dental health.

How Playing Dentist Games Can Ease Dental Anxiety

There are many benefits to playing dentist games with your child. Playing games at the dentist has shown to be a helpful distraction technique to alleviate anxiety at the dentist.

Familiarizing children with oral hygiene through games can help in two ways. Firstly, it helps prevent and reduce the risk of cavities. Secondly, dentist games keep your child informed on what’s happening inside their mouths during a visit.

Just like adults, fear of the unknown can be the most frightening part.

If children are able to dress up and “play dentist” beforehand, the visit won’t be so worrisome. Studies show that educational video games improve health education and pain distraction outcomes by 42%. Whether they’re learning at home or distracted during a procedure, using dentist games can put your child’s mind at ease.

A study found that dentists are likely to give more advice about children’s dental hygiene if the parent seems interested. Simply put, educating your child beforehand may improve their quality of care. When parents partner with their child’s dentist, the results are far better.

These games not only benefit kids, but indicate your commitment and interest in partnering to your dentist. Playing dental games can not only reduce pre-visit jitters, but even improve your child’s oral health.

Top 7 Dentist Apps and Online Games

From Crazy Dentist and Popstar Dentist to Dentist Doctor or Baby Dentist, dentist games are abundant. Most are available to play online or on your iOS and Android devices, and I recommend you skip the scary ones.

Here are some of my favorite free games to ease anxiety and educate your little one.

1. Brush DJ

Available on: App Store, Play Store

Rating: 4.7 / 5 (App Store), 4.2 / 5 (Play Store)

Cost: Free

Age Recommendation: 4+

Pros:

Makes brushing fun and encourages physical activity, adding another health benefit for kids

Great reminders, like changing your brush or brush head

Notifications when it’s time to brush teeth and floss

Updated whenever new oral health information is released

Compatible with your music library or streaming service. Also has a built-in, free music library

Making dental hygiene a fun game can ease routine cleanings and checkups

Cons:

A few reviewers have asked for more visual features to keep kids interested

Download (Apple)

Download (Android)

2. Toothsavers

Available on: App Store, Online

Rating: 4.6

Age Recommendation: 4+

Pros:

Offers 10 colorful characters, each with their own toothbrush and food particles

Interactive map to chart brushing for day and night

Earn new characters by brushing two minutes, twice a day

The parents’ section lets you schedule and monitor brushing activity

You can post to Facebook when your child reaches brushing milestones. What parent doesn’t love bragging on their children’s accomplishments?

No app download needed for online play

Cons:

Can have slow loading times if device storage is near full

Not available on Android

Download (Apple)

Play in Browser (Flash required)

3. Dentist Office

Available on: App Store

Rating: 4.6

Cost: Free (Offers In-App Purchases)

Age Recommendation: 4+

Pros:

Players are the dentist in this interactive game. “Performing” routine procedures online can take the guesswork and fear out of a dental visit.

Kids can choose tools and procedures, so you can prepare your kid for the exact procedure they’ll be getting.

Teaches dental care basics and even has dental surgery options

Cons:

Some users complain of the amount of ads

Due to the more complicated nature of the procedures, this app may need some parental help. It’s rated 4+ though, so it’s not overly tricky.

Only available through App Store

Download (Apple)

4. Disney Magic Timer by Oral-B

Available on: App Store, Play Store

Rating: 4.1 (App Store), 4.0 (Play Store)

Cost: Free (In-App Purchases available)

Age Recommendation: 4+ / Everyone

Pros:

Kids can clean up their teeth with characters like Snow White, their favorites from Frozen, or Captain America.

You can collect stickers, use a brushing calendar, and see visual content from Disney, Marvel, and Star Wars franchises.

#1 free app downloaded in children six to eight years old. The immense popularity means parents and kids alike are fans.

Cons:

Must own a Crest or Oral-B product to activate.

Many reviewers complained the app had glitches that need an update and could erase your profile. The developer responded and has released a new version this year (2019) — hopefully fixing previous issues.

Download (Apple)

Download (Android)

5. Doctor Teeth

Available on: Play Store

Rating: 4.3

Cost: Free

Age Recommendation: Everyone

Pros:

Multiple, fun “patients” with different tooth problems to treat

Teaches the purpose of each dental tool, providing a more familiar experience during your next dentist visit.

Offers games for both procedures and for prevention

Cons:

Timed challenges may not be helpful if your child suffers from more severe anxiety

Only available on Play Store

Download (Android)

6. Dentist Games

Available on: App Store, Play Store

Rating: 4.2 / 5 (App Store), 3.9 / 5 (Play Store)

Cost: Free

Age Recommendation: 4+ / Everyone

Pros:

Offers kids a chance to perform dental work on models of other kids

Also includes a braces option in case orthodontic work is causing your child concern

No in-app purchases; it’s totally free

Shows aspects of dental hygiene and cleaning as well as procedures

Available on both Google Play and iTunes

Cons:

Only 4 characters to choose from

Some reviewers find the plotline slow and uneventful

Download (Apple)

Download (Android)

7. Philips Sonicare for Kids

Available on: App Store, Play Store

Rating: 4.7 (App Store), 3.5 (Play Store)

Cost: Free

Age Recommendation: 4+

Pros:

Teaches correct brushing habits

Gives in-app rewards for consistent brushing

Supports brushing reminders

Helmed by a likeable character, Sparkly, who makes it easy to follow along

Supports family sharing on iTunes store so more than one child can use it

Parents can track kids’ brushing habits within the app

Cons:

Some features are only available to kids who own a Philips Sonicare toothbrush

Download (Apple)

Download (Android)

Games to Play at the Dentist for a Fear-Free Visit

For many of us, even as adults, the waiting room can be one of the most nerve-wracking parts of a visit to the dentist. Preparation is key for a worry-free dental visit, but what about once you arrive?

As you choose your pediatric dentist, you might select one that keeps toys or a children’s area in their lobby. This indicates that they have children’s comfort in mind from the moment you walk in the door. Built-in games and play areas can relax your child as they wait.

I’ve mentioned that distraction techniques can play a major role in keeping your child fear-free. If your dentist doesn’t provide them, I recommend bringing some fun games to take their mind off of dental anxiety. Great choices include:

Jenga

Uno

Operation

Go Fish

Don’t be afraid to dust off some of your childhood favorites and play Barbie Dentist or Princess Dentist. Ultimately, you know your child best. Don’t be afraid to bring toys and games that make them feel comfortable and distract them from the upcoming procedure.

In Summary

From brushing their teeth to preparing for their very first visit with a real dentist, your role as a parent is key in dental care. You help set the tone for your child’s dental experience.

Though it’s common for children to experience dental anxiety, dentist games and apps can relieve stress and prepare them for their visit. Giving your children a chance to play before their procedure is a win for both of you.

Who knows? With all this virtual practice, your little one might even grow up to pursue dentistry themselves.

Read Next: 6 Ways to Ease Your Child’s Dental Anxiety

5 References

Milsom, K. M., Blinkhorn, A. S., & Tickle, M. (2008). The incidence of dental caries in the primary molar teeth of young children receiving National Health Service funded dental care in practices in the North West of England. British dental journal, 205(7), E14. Abstract: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18849940

Bezabih, S., Fantaye, W., & Tesfaye, M. (2013). Dental anxiety: prevalence and associated factors, among children who visited Jimma University Specialized Hospital Dental Clinic. Ethiopian medical journal, 51(2), 115-121. Abstract: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24079155

Appukuttan, D. P. (2016). Strategies to manage patients with dental anxiety and dental phobia: literature review. Clinical, cosmetic and investigational dentistry, 8, 35. Full Text: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4790493/

Primack, B. A., Carroll, M. V., McNamara, M., Klem, M. L., King, B., Rich, M., … & Nayak, S. (2012). Role of video games in improving health-related outcomes: a systematic review. American journal of preventive medicine, 42(6), 630-638. Full Text: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3391574/

Threlfall, A. G., Hunt, C. M., Milsom, K. M., Tickle, M., & Blinkhorn, A. S. (2007). Exploring factors that influence general dental practitioners when providing advice to help prevent caries in children. British dental journal, 202(4), E10. Abstract: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17308533

The post The 7 Best Dentist Games to Help Your Child Love the Dentist appeared first on Ask the Dentist.

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Why Do Dogs Whine and How To Stop It

Is your dog a whiner? Have you ever wondered why your dog keeps whining?

It seems like dogs who whine a lot are often trying to tell their owners something. Unlike us humans, dogs can’t use language to communicate with us.

So, whining and the occasional mutters, squeals, and barks seem to be how our pets talk to us. But, sometimes it can be a sign of other disorders and conditions.

It’s important to remember that whining, whimpering and doggie mutterings are all normal behaviors.

If we look at the social structure of dogs, we will notice that puppies often use these high pitched cries as a means of communication to their mothers. However, whining can be both a natural and nurtured behavior.

If you’re a pet owner struggling to understand why your dog is whining, then this article is perfect for you! Here we’ll cover:

Understanding Why My Dog Is Whining?

How Mental Illness Can Cause Whining

Top 10 Dog Breeds Who Whine

How Do I Stop My Dog From Whining

The Answers to Some Common Whiny Dog Problems

Why Is My Dog Whining?

Dogs have long been our companions for thousands of years.

From an evolutionary standpoint, dogs have adapted to understanding human gestures and specific phrases.

Sometimes they may vocalize in different pitches and tempos for us to better understand their needs.

The Attention Seeking Pooch!

Dogs have evolved in such a way that they are now quite capable of manipulating us!

In fact, studies have shown that dogs often use a classic "guilty dog, doe-eyed" look to get away with naughty behavior. This is a language form of communication.

This means that dogs know exactly how they can grab our attention. Not only do they use their body language, but have developed distinctive whining, yelping, and crying techniques to seek attention.

A Doggie in Pain or Fear

Veterinarians know that a whining dog, who may consistently cry may be in chronic pain.

Some examples of chronic pain include:

Dental pain as a result of poor hygiene

Urinary tract infection

Orthopedic pain

It's important to remember that whining and crying can be associated with secondary clinical signs. Dogs who are fearful of a particular situation may whine as a way to warn their owners.

Boredom or Excitement

Whining and whimpering can also be a sign of boredom or excitement. It's important to take the entire situation into account, so you understand why your dog is whining.

Boredom A bored dog may not only whine but may also show evidence of destructive behavior such as digging holes, going through garbage or chewing household items.

Excitement An excited dog will whine, bark and will seem a lot more active and playful. Dogs who tend to whine when excited are high-energy dogs.

How Mental Illness May Cause Whining

Mental illness is a psychological disorder that results in an inability to function normally. It involves conditions such as anxiety, PTSD, depression, dementia, and obsessive-compulsive disorder.

Unfortunately, even our canine friends can succumb to various forms of mental illness.

A Sad pup! Depression in Dogs

Depression in dogs is a poorly understood mental illness. This is because unlike humans we cannot ask our dogs what's wrong! As such, an animal behaviorist relies on a dog's behavior, vocalization & body language to diagnose depression.

The are many reasons why a dog may be depressed, some of these include:

A lack of social interaction with people and other pets

A loss of a close family member or fellow pet friend

Boredom as a result of lack of mental stimulation

Lack of physical activity

Dogs with depression may show symptoms such as:

Excessive licking (OCD)

Lack of interest in activities they may have once enjoyed

Whining or crying if left alone

Anxiety

Excessive sleeping

Lack of eating

A Fearful Pooch! PTSD in Dogs

Post Traumatic Stress Disorder is known as a psychological illness that affects people. But did you know even your pooch can experience C-PTSD?

PTSD is not a result of chemical imbalances in your dog's brain. Rather, it occurs as a result of dogs recalling unpleasant memories. For example, PTSD may be most common in dogs that have suffered through:

Abuse

Accidents

Military service

Natural disasters

Dogs with PTSD tend to show symptoms like:

Shaking or trembling

Hiding

Excessive barking

Yelping and whining

Easily spooked

On alert at all times

The Edgy Pooch! Anxiety in Dogs

Anxious dogs tend to whine on a regular basis if they have been placed in an uncomfortable situation.

Anxiety in dogs can come in various forms. Yet, it seems like separation anxiety may be most common as it affects 20-40% of dogs in the United States. But dogs can also experience social, traumatic and noise anxiety.

Social anxiety often occurs when dogs have not learned how to socialize with other pets & humans. As a result, they may become more fearful and cautious when encountering new people or pets.

A classic example of noise anxiety would be dogs who hide or whine when they hear fireworks. Now, noise anxiety doesn't mean that fireworks are the reason for your dog's anxious behavior. In fact, dogs can become fearful of noises such as thunderstorms, cars and even children crying.

Traumatic anxiety goes hand-in-hand with PTSD. For example, if you have recently rescued an abused or neglected dog, then there might be a few triggers that can set them off. This can be the sight or sound of a discomforting object. For example, a dog raised in a puppy mill may not whine or yelp if placed in a crate.

Senior Dogs! A Case of Dementia In Dogs

If your dog whines a lot and happens to be a senior (above the age of 8 years old), then chances are dementia can play a significant role in whining.

Canine dementia is more often referred to as canine cognitive dysfunction (CCD). Currently, there's no definite answer about what causes CCD.

Dogs with dementia often show symptoms like:

Disorientation

An inability to remember people, tasks or routines

Loss of appetite

Pacing

Depression

Anxiety

When it comes to dementia in dogs, an anxious pooch who is not in the right mindset will whine on a regular basis.

Top 10 Dog Breeds Who Whine

Have you ever seen those adorable videos of huskies talking to their owners?

It seems like certain dog breeds may be more vocal than others. We don't know why this occurs. Animal behaviorists suspect that vocalization may be linked to your dog's ancestry and original purpose.

For example, small dogs often tend to whine a lot more than other dogs because they were bred to be watchdogs. The main job of a watchdog was to warn their owners when an intruder was near.

On the other hand, dogs like the husky were pack animals. So, the high pitched howling and whining is a form of pack communication.

Are you curious to know if your dog belongs to one of the top 10 vocal dog breeds?

Howling Husky

Sassy Chihuahua

Yappy Yorkie

Foxhound

Alaskan Malamute

Miniature Schnauzer

Toy Poodle

Dachshund

German Shepherd

Pomeranian

How Do I Stop My Dog From Whining?

Whining and whimpering can also be a sign of boredom or excitement. It's important to take the entire situation into account so you understand why your dog is whining.

Step 1. Find Out The Real Cause of Your Dog’s Whining

You will not get anywhere with training if you don't understand what's causing your dog to whine. Ask yourself:

Does my dog always whine before I do something

Does my dog whine when they’re uncomfortable

Remember, you should never punish your dog for whining. This is because sometimes your dog may whine out of fear or boredom., which is not their fault!

Step 2. Adjust Your Training Tactics To The Cause

The Attention Seeker Dogs who whine for the sake of attention have often learned that they can get away with this behavior. If you have an attention seeking dog, then try ignoring their whining.

For example, if your dog starts whining while you're working, don't yell! Avoid petting them and don't acknowledge their presence.

Once they’re done whining, you can reward this behavior by petting them or giving them a treat.

The Anxious Dog A dog who whines because they are anxious may need weeks to months of consistent training. In this is your case, your job is to find out what makes your dog anxious & desensitize them to it.

For example, to combat separation anxiety, owners can do things like keeping the radio turned on when they leave to ease their dog's mind.

Some dog trainers recommend that you allow your dog to partake in activities that boost their confidence. This can include agility training, endurance courses and obedience training.

Step 3. Use Medication Or Calming Aids

If you've got an anxious or fearful dog, you can look into purchasing natural relaxants.

These days there are many different pet relaxants available in-store or online. The most popular ones are dog pheromone-based products.

Most of these products claim that the product was designed based on the pheromones of a nursing dog. This is because a nursing dog releases pheromones that naturally calm her puppies down.

The same can be true for adult dogs too! The belief is that any adult dog will instinctually be able to recognize and respond to the pheromone.

Step 4 Reward The Correct Behavior

Sometimes dealing with anxious dogs may be difficult when you're away from the comfort of your home. Petcube Bites treat camera is a pawesome way to comfort your anxious dog when they’re not with you.

With Petcube Bites, you can keep an eye on your dog to see if they’re getting a little destructive. If they begin whining, you can talk via the cam’s 2-way audio or give them treats when they stop whining.

If you've got a bored pup, you can also mentally stimulate them via Petcube Bites by asking them to do tricks for a reward.

How Do You Stop your Dog From Crying When You Leave?

Dogs who begin whining before you leave your home may be suffering from separation anxiety. To cure separation anxiety, you must teach your dog to be a little independent.

Here’s a quick brief as to how you can stop your dog from crying before you leave!

Exercise them rigorously before you’re about to leave your home.

Over the course of a few weeks, you can leave the house for a few minutes each day and reward them if they’re quiet.

Sometimes dogs just love the comfort of a human voice. Petcube Bites allows you to communicate with your anxious dog when you’re gone.

Final Thoughts

If you're trying to stop your dog from whining, you must first try to understand why they are whining in the first place.

Whining, whimpering & crying are all natural behaviors for a dog. But, sometimes it may be a sign of other problems such as mental illness, pain or disease.

Anaconda, Apparently, and Beautiful: fat nick ID 58480, 4 YRS. 47 LBS OF LOVE, DREAMING OF FAMILY, MANHATTAN ACC TO BE KILLED – 4/09/2019 Fat Nick has a $500 donation to a New Hope partner FAT NICK. Hmmm, nothing fat about this boy -- he’s as thin as a rail and we don’t think he can rap like his namesake. And while initially shy with new people and confused about why he is at shelter to begin with, he only needs a little time before he warms up and his adorable curly tail wags in friendship. Watch his video below, and see that, despite his need to investigate every little nook and cranny of the play yard, he is notably happy to have a friend, happy to get a butt scritch, and happy to be out in the sun and enjoying the day. We know he has an independent spirit, it is in his mixed lineage. Noble, stoic, and putting on a brave face, his elegant indifference is only a cover for a warm and loving heart. We are certain that in the hands of an experienced foster or adopter who can provide him a calm, quiet structured home and a routine he can count on, this beautiful, gentle, big hearted boy will flourish and thrive. And if you are lucky to be loved by Fat Nick, maybe, just maybe, you will be gifted with his magnificent smile. Don’t let this wonderful boy die. Hurry and MESSAGE our page or email us at [email protected] for assistance fostering or adopting Fat Nick. PLEASE WATCH MY MOVIE! Fat Nick loves his friends: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=tif_ToB4grs FAT NICK, ID# 58480, 4 Yrs. old, 47.8 lbs, Unaltered Male Manhattan ACC, Medium Mixed Breed, Brown I was brought to the shelter as an Agency, 3/28/2019 Shelter Assessment Rating: NEW HOPE ONLY Medical Behavior Rating: 4. Orange AT RISK MEMO: Fat Nick has not acclimated well to the care center and has not allowed for extensive handling. Fat Nick would be best suited for placement with a new hope partner that can provide the necessary behavior modification and slow approach. Medically, he seems healthy. SHELTER ASSESSMENT SUMMARIES: Leash Walking Strength and pulling: None Reactivity to humans: None Reactivity to dogs: None Leash walking comments: None Sociability Loose in room (15-20 seconds): Fearful- tense, avoids Call over: No approach- tense, nervous Sociability comments: Body tense, avoids Handling Soft handling: Fearful Exuberant handling: Extremely fearful Comments: Body tense, avoiding handling. With more exuberant handling, he quickly head flips, so the rest of the handling portion is not conducted. Arousal Jog: Unresponsive, does not engage (fearful) Arousal comments: None Knock: No response Knock Comments: None Toy: No response Toy comments: None PLAYGROUP NOTES - DOG TO DOG SUMMARIES: When greeting the helper dog through the gate, Fat Nick stiffens and growls. Due to handling concern, a muzzled greeting is not attempted. A single dog residence is recommended until Fat Nick is acclimated outside of the care center. Follow up should be conducted under the guidance of a positive reinforcement trainer. ENERGY LEVEL:: We have no history on Fat Nick so we cannot be certain of his behavior in a home environment. At the care center, he displays a medium level of activity. IN SHELTER OBSERVATIONS:: Fat Nick has displayed fearful, distance increasing behavior with novel handlers while in the care center. In his kennel he will bark and retreat from unknown people, and outside of his kennel is wary of handling and petting. With known handlers, Fat Nick will offer loose body and wagging tail in kennel and out of kennel will solicit brief attention and allow all petting. Fat Nick has not displayed any treat motivation and has not engaged with toy items while at the care center. BEHAVIOR DETERMINATION:: New Hope Only Behavior Asilomar: TM - Treatable-Manageable Recommendations:: No children (under 13),Single-pet home,Recommend no dog parks,Place with a New Hope partner Recommendations comments:: No children: Due to how uncomfortable Fat Nick is currently with touch and novel stimuli, we feel that an adult-only home would be most beneficial at this time. Place with a New Hope partner: Fat Nick has not acclimated well to the kennel environment and has allowed limited handling since intake. We recommend placement with a New Hope partner who can provide any necessary behavior modification (force-free, positive reinforcement-based) and re-evaluate behavior in a stable home environment before placement into a permanent home. Single pet/no dog parks: See DOG-DOG. Potential challenges: : Fearful/potential for defensive aggression Potential challenges comments:: Fearful/potential for defensive aggression: Fat Nickis very fearful at the care center and has avoided handling and shown teeth. He will need a slow approach and time to acclimate to new people. Please see handout on Fearful/potential for defensive aggression. MEDICAL EXAM NOTES VET NOTES - 31/03/2019 DVM Intake Exam Estimated age:5 years based on condition of teeth Microchip noted on Intake?no Microchip Number (If Applicable): History : BAR Subjective: needed to be sedated to be examined- telazol- 0.6ml im Observed Behavior - sedated Evidence of Cruelty seen - no Evidence of Trauma seen - no Objective T =100.6 P =120hr R =30 BCS 6/9 EENT: Eyes clear, ears- brown debris AU, no nasal or ocular discharge noted Oral Exam: mod dental disease PLN: No enlargements noted H/L: NSR, NMA, CRT < 2, Lungs clear, eupnic ABD: Non painful, no masses palpated U/G: mi with 2 down MSI: Ambulatory x 4, skin free of parasites, no masses noted, healthy hair coat; small abrasions over the L and R elbow areas CNS: sedated Assessment apparently Prognosis: good being assessed by behavior waxy brown d/c- r/o mites vs build up vs allergies vs other Plan: ear swab (-) SURGERY: Okay for surgery 1/04/2019 Request Trazadone: Trazadone: 100mg SIG: 1 tab bid po LVT NOTES: 29/03/2019 [LVT Intake Exam] Microchip Scan: negative, placed 985113002483987 Evidence of Cruelty: no Observed Behavior: under the influence of dart drugs (ketamine 3ml), ataxic and not coherent Sex: intact male Estimated Age: appx 2-4y Subjective: unknown animal found loose in finder's yard, ESU darted with stick pole (no visible wound left behind), seemingly healthy but inappropriate mentation due to tranq Eyes: clear Ears: clean, slight waxy d/c Oral Exam: mild to moderate staining Heart: WNL Lungs: WNL Abdomen: WNL Musculoskeletal: WNL BCS 5/9 Mentation: unable to focus, head bobbing, waking from tranq Preliminary Assessment: seemingly healthy Plan: DVM intake *** TO FOSTER OR ADOPT *** FAT NICK IS RESCUE ONLY. You must fill out applications with New Hope Rescues to foster or adopt him. He cannot be reserved online at the ACC ARL, nor can he be direct adopted at the shelter. PLEASE HURRY AND MESSAGE OUR PAGE FOR ASSISTANCE! HOW TO RESERVE A “TO BE KILLED” DOG ONLINE (only for those who can get to the shelter IN PERSON to complete the adoption process, and only for the dogs on the list NOT marked New Hope Rescue Only). Follow our Step by Step directions below! *PLEASE NOTE – YOU MUST USE A PC OR TABLET – PHONE RESERVES WILL NOT WORK! ** STEP 1: CLICK ON THIS RESERVE LINK: https://newhope.shelterbuddy.com/Animal/List Step 2: Go to the red menu button on the top right corner, click register and fill in your info. Step 3: Go to your email and verify account \ Step 4: Go back to the website, click the menu button and view available dogs Step 5: Scroll to the animal you are interested and click reserve STEP 6 ( MOST IMPORTANT STEP ): GO TO THE MENU AGAIN AND VIEW YOUR CART. THE ANIMAL SHOULD NOW BE IN YOUR CART! Step 7: Fill in your credit card info and complete transaction HOW TO FOSTER OR ADOPT IF YOU *CANNOT* GET TO THE SHELTER IN PERSON, OR IF THE DOG IS NEW HOPE RESCUE ONLY! You must live within 3 – 4 hours of NY, NJ, PA, CT, RI, DE, MD, MA, NH, VT, ME or Norther VA. Please PM our page for assistance. You will need to fill out applications with a New Hope Rescue Partner to foster or adopt a dog on the To Be Killed list, including those labelled Rescue Only. Hurry please, time is short, and the Rescues need time to process the applications.

OB Rewatch: The Redesign of Natural Objects

I so want this to be symbolic of Sarah Stubbs’ relationship with Alison Hendrix.

As always, there are SPOILERS for the ENTIRE series ahead!

I loved

The shots of Siobhan out stalking Duko. Somebody make this into a poster with some inspirational Irish saying at the bottom.

That Alison and Felix communicated to defeat Duko. She has people she can count on who know her secrets.

Adele's back! Yay! “I don't want anyone friskin' you. It's not as fun as it sounds.” Heh. And I just love this shot of her.

“Cosima, it's good to see you again!” “Um, yeah, I'm a bit conflicted about it.”

“Yo, Rachel.”  “Yo.”

Cosima recognizing and using her value to the Susan and Rachel team. She doesn't have a whole lot to lose at this point, but she has what they need.

Great contrast of Jesus Christ Superstar with Donnie in the cell. I don't know the musical, but people have pointed out that Alison's playing the role of Judas. (See, they told us that knowing Bible stories would help us understand other stories, and they were right!) Plus, this shot of Alison is the best shot of her for the entire series.

“Yes, I'm sure you're excited about your contribution, Ira.”

I liked

When MK says, “There’s something you should see,” she immediately follows it up with what that something is. It’s refreshing.

“I could build us all coffins. Shall I start with the smallest first?”

As soon as Scott said he wasn’t working with Rachel, Cosima went with his assessment. Because he’s her partner.

Spot on music for Donnie's opening scene in prison – Sonny Curtis' “I Fought the Law (and the Law Won)” After all, “I needed money 'cause I had none” does sum up why the Hendrixes got into drug pushing in the first place

The finch desktop wallpaper is a nice touch.

“She even cheats at Agricola.” Oh, Scott. I'm curious HOW one cheats at Agricola, though.

The person Art trusts to talk to about Duko is Raj, the sweet guy who got Beth and Sarah all that equipment.

Alison says Shit! And Scheisse!

Both Siobhan and Sarah trying to dress Felix like he's not the biggest fashion stickler of the entire Clone Club.

Alison's terrified hesitation as she talks to Felix on the phone. 

I didn’t like

Donnie is such a fucking idiot. He's learned nothing from working with drug dealers. Has he even watched TV?

I hate any time a character tells another character how “crazy” they’re being. If the characters and plot are strong enough (and in this case, they are), the audience can gauge the craziness for themselves. Telling us is just talking down to us. 

What the fuck, Rev. Mike?? “I'm sure the children will be just fine with proper therapy.” Alison, get thee to a different church, now! I kind of wish they'd made Rev. Mike a Neolutionist. It'd make more sense than him just being a shitty reverend.

Cosima's hair is under the ear protection/ head set, rather than tucked behind it. That bothers me.

Other notes

Both Rachel and Ira are wearing gray at the beginning – Rachel dark, Ira light.

By the end, though, Rachel’s back in white, and a shirt very similar to the one Susan’s wearing. Ira’s still in gray, though.

Thank GOD Charlotte was removed from Susan Duncan's “care” before Susan could fuck her up any further. The way Susan pits siblings against each other, obviously keeps Charlotte away from kids her own age, and invests nothing in social or emotional education.... And Charlotte's little smile when Susan says, “Ira, have you shown Rachel your toy soldiers” says everything about Charlotte's comprehension of the game at hand.

Rachel’s comment that she has “a long perspective on our ailment” gets fleshed out (sorry, bad pun?) in Season 5. 

Alison heard the term “fly in the ointment,” and thought of Sarah immediately.

Alison had that mini bottle of vodka completely open when Felix startled her and she dropped it. Nothing like vodka-infused mascara, eh?

“Beth told me about you. How's your illness?” MK makes it sound like Beth told her about Cosima’s illness, which makes no sense. It could be an intentionally strange construction, though, since MK’s coded as neuro atypical.

Rachel has an eye vision of the inside of the yurt with the Messenger, but no Delphine. Indicates Delphine (a) is in on the visions and helped orchestrate this one, (b) is out of the yurt and the Messenger just helps himself, or (c) just sits back and puts up with anything and everything that happens on the island, even if it's in her personal space. I’m betting on (b) or (c). Still, how cool could it have been if Delphine showed up in her eye vision, slowly moving her thumb into Rachel’s field of vision.

This shot, by itself, could make an interesting dental hygiene ad.

If Duko’s niece is the reason he's doing all of this, it's telling that he says she's “like, ten.” Most of us, I think, would be able to give our beloved nieces’ and nephews’ ages at the drop of a hat, no hesitation or “like” involved.

I have questions

Is the safe house a former bakery as well as grocery? Those look like bakery or pizza ovens to me.

What happened to the Threatening Neo after Neolution collapsed at the end of the series? I’m guessing he stayed in prison, but did anyone tell him they collapsed?

Art was totally opposed to Siobhan killing a cop, until he was fine with it. Was it Duko going AWOL, or his threat to Donnie, or his trying to get Sarah that swayed Art?

Who had Kira's ears pierced, and when?

And what was Rev. Mike doing with that stack of hymnals?

What denomination are the Hendrixes? Not Catholic because we would have known by now, and because they call him Rev. Mike, not Father Mike. I think these symbols indicate a particular denomination, but I don't recall which.

Why is Rev. Creepy helping with the rehearsal? Don't they have a musical director for that?

Why is poor Scott the one who has to clean the blood from the comics shop? And why is he using such a stiff brush? A damp cloth and some bleach oughta do it.

I have questions in general about the state of Cosima's reproductive system. She says they couldn't get her cells to create a usual culture (though she doesn't give a time frame for when that was attempted). Fortunately, her disease isn’t real, so I’ll never get my questions answered.

Where and how did Sarah have her eggs removed? How many did they take? Did she get that oophorectomy after all? Did she enjoy it?

I would have liked to have seen

I wanted to see some discussion of how they've already looked for Delphine. Sarah's claim that “we'll find her” should have been met with a response of “How? We’ve already checked everywhere” or some other expression of frustration.

Someone get Tatiana and Terra Hazelton a Broadway musical, STAT.

Is your Child Afraid of Dentists? How To Overcome Fear Of Dentists?

Most children are afraid of the dentist. Research has shown that people with dental phobia experience clinically significant panic symptoms including sweating, trembling, shaking, dizziness, fainting, and many more. Sometimes phobia prevents your children from receiving the best dental care which he/she needs. 

Why Do We Need Regular Dental Checkups?

Regular dental visits are important because:- 

 It helps to keep your teeth and gums healthy.

 It keeps your mouth clean and fresh.

 It prevents diseases and infection.

 It helps to avoid cavities and pain.

Dentists can catch things early and prevent them from happening.

Dentists can provide help and advice specific to your needs.

What should Parents do to overcome the fear of dentists in their children?

Tell your children in advance that they have a dental visit.

Tell them the importance of a dental visit to maintain healthy teeth and gums.

Keep a positive attitude when discussing the upcoming visit.

Use positive phrases like clean, strong, and healthy teeth to make visit fun rather than scary.

Tell them to do some breathing exercises to keep calm and relax.

Take your child’s favorite toy with them as a toy can be a calmful distraction for your child during the visit.

Stay positive and calm in front of your child.

Avoid using words like scary, hurt, painful during the dental visit.

What Dentists should do to overcome the fear in children?

Dentists should talk in a soft voice and make the environment friendly for the children.

They should use simple words while explaining the whole procedure or treatment.

Engage them in some other activities like telling them some story.

They can tell them the benefits of dental hygiene.

They can praise and compliment children for their good behavior.

Conclusion

As humans, all are scared of the unknown. Especially the child who has never visited a dentist. To overcome the fear of your child you have to become their role model and let them see your hygiene habits. Tell them about the importance of dental visits. To maintain a perfect smile you need regular checkups. If you want dental services at Falls Church then you can visit Kakar Dental Group. Best Dental Care Falls Church provides you the best dental services at affordable prices.