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#Chytridiomycota
petrichor430 · 5 months
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Ok yeah sure mushrooms are cool and are the most obviously visible and charismatic and such when looking for/at fungi but like pls there are so many more types of little fungal guys you can look at other than mushrooms that are just as cool if not cooler.
I just wanna talk about chytrids more without having to give people an initial long conversation about what they even are
(They are microscopic aquatic fungi and they are important in certain ecosystems for nutrient cycling between lower trophic levels and they are beautiful and I love them so much and like the amount of people in the world that actually professionally study them is so few and it’s sad 😞)
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mouthydraws · 1 month
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Off the autism deep end with catified fungal phyla
Bonus: Warrior name being Whiplash (cause the whiplash flagellum)
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xxlovelynovaxx · 10 months
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Gonna post this one every two hours again since that seemed to work well xD
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unganseylike · 1 year
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what am i doing wrong w my life that i am studying mushroom lifecycles at midnight instead of doing mushrooms
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hellsitegenetics · 2 months
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my Valentine’s Day love letter is for chytridiomycota :D the grandmother of every single fungi on the planet, the chytridiomycota is somehow unlike any other fungus in varying ways
such as its environment. chytridiomycota are largely aquatic,yet they’re one of the most common land parasites :D on the same topic, their spores are flagellated in order to literally swim through the water, which is unique almost entirely to them.
Chytrids are also one of the only fungi that reproduce oogamously relating them closer to LAND ANIMALS !!!! Than any aquatic creature or fungi.
This makes me believe that they actually had a hand in the creation of humans during evolution, since fungus and human genomes are so incredibly close to each other. It’s one of the most simple fungi but it’s so incredible to me :D 🖤🖤🖤
String identified:
at’ a tt ctcta : t gat g g t at, t ctcta a t g ag a
c a t t. ctcta a ag aatc,t t’ t t c a aat : t a tc, t a agat t ta tg t at, c at t t t.
Ct a a t g tat c ga atg t c t A AA !!!! Ta a aatc cat g.
T a tat t acta a a a t cat a g t, c g a a g a c c t ac t. t’ t t g t t’ c t : 🖤🖤🖤
Closest match: Odiellus spinosus genome assembly, chromosome: 13 Common name: Harvestman
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mycoblogg · 10 months
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freaky fungi fact : entomopathogenic fungi !!
entomopathogenic fungi are fungi that can kill or seriously disable insects.
this group of fungi lives in the soil & infects insects by penetrating their bodies to feed on them, & eventually kill them. they are sorted into five divisions (ascomycota, zygomycota, deuteromycota, oomycota & chytridiomycota), each with their own properties.
they have a big impact on insect population dynamics in soil.
there are currently over 800 different entomopathogenic fungi that have been identified.
below the cut are some images of insects that have been infected. CW for animal death + bugs / other critters + just general disturbing imagery.
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a beetle parasitised by an unnamed entomopathogenic fungus. [source]
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a cicada parasitised by the massospora cicadina fungus. [source]
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a spider parasitised by an unnamed entomopathogenic fungus. [source]
[the lovely user who asked me to talk about this : source<3]
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do you have a favourite or least favourite kind of mushroom or fungus? :]
I already talked about one of my favorite mushrooms (oyster mushrooms) ina different ask so I am going to use this opportunity to talk about one of my favorite fungi instead which is chytridiomycota :D it’s the ancestor of all fungus ever and I also believe it is the partial ancestor of humans or at least some land animals because it has so many features that diverge it from other species of fungus despite being the original. Like for example it’s the first fungi phyla ever recorded that reproduces oogamously which is a trait mainly found in land animals and plants(as is the rhizoid they create in place of mycelium) as most species of fungi reproduce asexually via zoospores. Not to mention we already share over 30% of our genetic structure with fungi and these things were around before almost anything else as they are mainly aquatic but can also survive on land in the form of a parasite. It’s not a terrestrial plant or animal yet if you were looking at it objectively most of its features point to it being so with the exception of flagellated gametes for water travel. Idk I just think they’re cool :3
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Stressful thing is out the way so I can rewatch TBB 🥳
I had an interview for some uni-related stuff but it went well. We got distracted talking about Chytridiomycota in toads (I study zoology, btw. I don't just have a weird interest in diseased frogs 😅) and was like "damn, Tech would totally be into this conversation" which also made things a lot less stressful. 🤣😊
But as @snarkyfina said to me earlier, Tech and Echo are waiting, so I'm gonna go and enjoy their presence and laugh at Echo falling flat on his face. 🥰
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kingdom winner: FUNGI!!
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featherwurm · 3 years
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The fungi are perhaps the most alien kingdom to those of us in kingdom Animalia. With their many strange and incredible lifestyles, differing life cycles, and vastly different appearances, this kingdom features an incredible variety of species. Overall the Fungi cards are themed with very large but nebulous concepts, one should look to complex and interconnected overall changes, needs, and states when Fungi cards are in the reading. These are concepts beyond those that are immediate to life and are more universal in nature.
Ascomycota – The Yeast card represents transmogrification, a transformation of one thing into another. While literal change can be seen with metamorphosis, when in a card reading one should look to metaphorical transformation, mental, physical, or emotional, either in the past which may be affecting the present, or to be seen in and embraced in the future. One should not fear change, as fungi as a whole remind us it is inevitable. While Ascomycota encompass a vast variety of fungi, perhaps some of the most notable in the phyla are the yeasts which allow beer and bread to ferment. All fungi are transformative, but these are some of the most notable in our human, everyday lives.
Basidiomycota – The Mushroom card is renewal in its most fundamental state. Beyond death there is decay, from decay there is life. Despite difficulty, tragedy, or death there is promise of renewed life and vitality. Despite vitality, there is always the promise of death. In life there is death. In death there is life. In reading this must be considered with the subject and surrounding circumstance, but a reminder of death is always prudent, and a reminder that it brings life is all the more so. Within this Phylum are some of the most well known mushroom species, and they are the most visible signs of life renewed from death to the human eye. Their interlinked nature to all things that live is a constant reminder that decay is an extant form of life.
Blastocladiomycota – The Blastoclad card represents minutia. The smallest things which are often below notice and require a narrowed and careful view to ascertain. Is there something large ahead which seems insurmountable? Perhaps it is time to look smaller. It could also be that assessment of the smaller things could prove better to create a better working whole. Only recently defined within their own phylum, blastoladiomycota are defined by the ultrastructure of their zoospores, defining their reproduction on a cellular as physically unique among all phyla.
Chytridiomycota – The Chytrid card represents cooking. More than just transforming from one state to another, cooking requires the input of various ingredients and the application of outside sources of energy to see something to a desirable conclusion. If something is not moving forward, it may be time to reconsider what elements are needed for it to improve. Think of where the recipe has deviated or is lacking, and look to apply outside stimulus to the subject of the reading. The name for this phylum derives from the Greek 'little cooking pot' referring to the structure of unreleased zoospores.
Glomeromycota – The Mycorrhizal Fungi card represents growth. To grow is to move beyond what is past and to continue to change and adapt. Growth can be large or small, but it is ever present. Consider in the reading that it may be time to focus on growth. Critical to life on earth, mycorrhizal fungi support the growth of many keystone plant species, which would be unable to thrive without them. Without the plants, ecosystems would collapse. Their existence is absolutely critical to the growth of nearly all plant life on earth.
Microsporidia – The Microsporadia card represents control. In a reading one should consider where control of a situation or thing has been lost, and where it might be regained, refined, or better understood. The overt control of a situation may not be possible, but one can look to elements they can control and act within their own best interest. Control, when left unchecked, can be dangerous and detrimental to others, so it is best to consider the broad scope. Microsporidia are unicellular fungi and the phylum contains a number of parasites capable of controlling various aspects of their host's morphology and biology.
Neocallimastigomycota – The Neocallimastigomycete card represents rumination, or gentle, introspective thought and digestion of complex and hard matters. When coming upon a difficult issue or harsh reality it can be important to take the time to reflect on this and digest it piece by piece. As Neocallimastigomycetes exist in the offal of herbivorous animals and aid in digestion of tough plant matter, they too exist here to reflect upon the need to take the time to digest harsh matters, and allow whatever events that surround us to be taken apart piece by piece until it can be managed by the whole.
Zygomycota – The Zygomycete card represents a pair, or a duality. There is a natural fascination in the human mind for twins, it is unusual for our species, and therefore comes across as something special. Things that are paired are of a natural interest, and one should remark their uniqueness. When one of a pair is missing, it is natural to hurt for its loss, and to look for its replacement. Consider what is missing, and what is lost, and look to find a match to complete it. The name of this phylum refers to the specific visual appearance of the zygosporangia (spores) formed during sexual reproduction, which appear as two fused but distinct cells.
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er-cryptid · 3 years
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Fungi Type Examples
Chytridiomycota -- chytrids
Oomycota -- white rust
Ascomycota -- morels -- yeast
Zygomycota -- black bread mold
Basidiomycota -- mushrooms
Deuteromycota -- ringworm -- athlete’s foot
Patreon | Ko-fi
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idrawstuffidk · 4 years
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You know it’s biology class when you have to spell part of the word, then go back, look, and spell a little more, then go back, look again and the cycle repeats.
How the hecc am I supposed to remember how to spell chytridiomycota??? It’s chy then tri then dio then my then cota
Idk what this post was.
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rnomics · 6 years
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IJERPH, Vol. 15, Pages 361: Dynamics of Bacterial and Fungal Communities during the Outbreak and Decline of an Algal Bloom in a Drinking Water Reservoir
The microbial communities associated with algal blooms play a pivotal role in organic carbon, nitrogen and phosphorus cycling in freshwater ecosystems. However, there have been few studies focused on unveiling the dynamics of bacterial and fungal communities during the outbreak and decline of algal blooms in drinking water reservoirs. To address this issue, the compositions of bacterial and fungal communities were assessed in the Zhoucun drinking water reservoir using 16S #rRNA and internal transcribed spacer (ITS) gene Illumina MiSeq sequencing techniques. The results showed the algal bloom was dominated by Synechococcus, Microcystis, and Prochlorothrix. The bloom was characterized by a steady decrease of total phosphorus (TP) from the outbreak to the decline period (p < 0.05) while Fe concentration increased sharply during the decline period (p < 0.05). The highest algal biomass and cell concentrations observed during the bloom were 51.7 mg/L and 1.9×108 cell/L, respectively. The cell concentration was positively correlated with CODMn (r = 0.89, p = 0.02). Illumina Miseq sequencing showed that algal bloom altered the water bacterial and fungal community structure. During the bloom, the dominant bacterial genus were Acinetobacter sp., Limnobacter sp., Synechococcus sp., and Roseomonas sp. The relative size of the fungal community also changed with algal bloom and its composition mainly contained Ascomycota, Basidiomycota and Chytridiomycota. Heat map profiling indicated that algal bloom had a more consistent effect upon fungal communities at genus level. Redundancy analysis (RDA) also demonstrated that the structure of water bacterial communities was significantly correlated to conductivity and ammonia nitrogen. Meanwhile, water temperature, Fe and ammonia nitrogen drive the dynamics of water fungal communities. The results from this work suggested that water bacterial and fungal communities changed significantly during the outbreak and decline of algal bloom in Zhoucun drinking water reservoir. Our study highlights the potential role of microbial diversity as a driving force for the algal bloom and biogeochemical cycling of reservoir ecology. http://bit.ly/2BCoyJJ #MDPI
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sinemafilmtarihi · 5 years
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learningrendezvous · 5 years
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Ecosystem
GLOBAL SCIENTIFIC & ENVIRONMENTAL ISSUES: LAKE UNDER LOCKDOWN - LAKE ONTARIO AN AQUATIC ECOSYSTEM UNDER LOCKDOWN
For almost 60 years, Lake Ontario has been under lockdown, surrounded, controlled and managed more than any other large lake in human history. But what happens when the ebb and flow of such a vast aquatic ecosystem is replaced by the cool efficiency of a swimming pool? A fascinating documentary that shines a light on global scientific and environmental issues.
DVD / 2017 / 52 minutes
SHOW ME SCIENCE ADVANCED - ECOLOGY: ENVIRONMENT - THE EVERGLADES ECOSYSTEM
Southern Florida is covered by 734 square miles of sub-tropical wetlands known as the Everglades. In this program we explore the history and ecology of this delicately balanced ecosystem as environmentalists walk us through some of the new projects that will improve the health of this unique ecological community. The push is on for environmental clean-up, reduction of invasive species, and increased educational programs. The abuse that the Everglades sustained is now being corrected.
DVD / 2015 / (High School or above) / 13 minutes
CIRCLE OF LIFE: THE GREATER YELLOWSTONE ECOSYSTEM - AMPHIBIA, REPTILES AND BIRDS
This program discusses common amphibians in the ecosystem; characteristics and examples of Yellowstone reptiles; avian characteristics; and the Passeriformes. In addition, the program discusses the circulatory anatomy of fishes and Amphibia, and how it relates to ectothermy and, looks at the circulatory anatomy in Reptiles, Birds, and Mammals, and how it relates to endothermy and ectothermy.
DVD (Closed Captioned) / 2009 / (Grades 9-12, College, Adult) / 30 minutes
CIRCLE OF LIFE: THE GREATER YELLOWSTONE ECOSYSTEM - ANIMAL BEHAVIOR: LEARNING, MEMORY AND BEHAVIOR
This program discusses instinctual behavior and learning (conditioning, habituation, latent, imprinting, and insight learning); short and long term memory; and behaviors that are very common in animals, particularly vertebrates. Also discusses more common animal behaviors and looks at culture and emotions in non-human animals.
DVD (Closed Captioned) / 2009 / (Grades 9-12, College, Adult) / 30 minutes
CIRCLE OF LIFE: THE GREATER YELLOWSTONE ECOSYSTEM - ANIMALS: SPONGES TO FLATWORMS
This program finishes the discussion of general animal characteristics before looking at life cycles and examples of Sponges, Cnidaria, and Plathyhelmithes found in the Yellowstone ecosystem.
DVD (Closed Captioned) / 2009 / (Grades 9-12, College, Adult) / 30 minutes
CIRCLE OF LIFE: THE GREATER YELLOWSTONE ECOSYSTEM - BIRDS: PASSERIFORMES THROUGH ANSERIFORMES
This program discusses Passeriformes (ravens, magpies, nutcrackers, jays, warblers, wrens, chickadees, vireos, cowbirds, swallows, blackbirds), Falconiformes (bald eagle, golden eagle, osprey, red-tail hawk, northern harrier, peregrine falcon), Strigiformes (great horned owl, great grey owl), Gruiformes (sandhill and whooping cranes), Pelicaniformes (white pelican), and Anseriformes (geese, ducks and swans), and completes the discussion of the greater Yellowstone ecosystem birds.
DVD (Closed Captioned) / 2009 / (Grades 9-12, College, Adult) / 30 minutes
CIRCLE OF LIFE: THE GREATER YELLOWSTONE ECOSYSTEM - CELLS, MEMBRANES, AND SOLUTIONS
This program discusses plasma membrane structure; characteristics of prokaryotic cells and their structures; characteristics of eukaryotic cells and their structures; contrasting plant and animal cells; defines solutions; and discusses diffusion, osmosis, and dialysis.
DVD (Closed Captioned) / 2009 / (Grades 9-12, College, Adult) / 30 minutes
CIRCLE OF LIFE: THE GREATER YELLOWSTONE ECOSYSTEM - ECOSYSTEM DYNAMICS AND MANAGEMENT
This program describes ecological succession in the ecosystem with emphasis on the 1988 fires and fire ecology; positive and negative feedback; synergism; biological magnification; predator-prey population cycles; and methods of monitoring and analyzing ecosystems. The program also describes the trophic cascade in progress resulting from wolf reintroduction; the effect of "island" or fragmented ecosystems, and the famous Kelly Slide on the Gros Ventre River and its current biological status.
DVD (Closed Captioned) / 2009 / (Grades 9-12, College, Adult) / 30 minutes
CIRCLE OF LIFE: THE GREATER YELLOWSTONE ECOSYSTEM - ENDANGERED SPECIES ACT & GLOBAL WARMING
This program looks at the Endangered Species Act; causes of species extinction; greenhouse warming and the consequences to the ecosystem; and the federal agencies that manage the ecosystem and the federal lands found within the Greater Yellowstone Ecosystem. There is also a discussion about cattle grazing in the ecosystem and the challenges it presents to wolf and grizzly management, and considers an important wild card in greenhouse warming that is often neglected: methane.
DVD (Closed Captioned) / 2009 / (Grades 9-12, College, Adult) / 30 minutes
CIRCLE OF LIFE: THE GREATER YELLOWSTONE ECOSYSTEM - EUBACTERIA, ARCHAEA & SIMPLE EUKARYA
This program discusses Eubacteria and Archaea found in the greater Yellowstone ecosystem; describes characteristics of the Protist Kingdoms; and discusses examples of Protists found in the ecosystem.
DVD (Closed Captioned) / 2009 / (Grades 9-12, College, Adult) / 30 minutes
CIRCLE OF LIFE: THE GREATER YELLOWSTONE ECOSYSTEM - EVOLUTION, SPECIATION AND MORE
This program continues to look at more forces and evidence of evolution in the form of genetic drift and migration. Genetic drift and natural selection are compared by looking at founder effect and bottlenecks. It also discusses speciation including isolating mechanisms, types of speciation, and examples of speciation.
DVD (Closed Captioned) / 2009 / (Grades 9-12, College, Adult) / 30 minutes
CIRCLE OF LIFE: THE GREATER YELLOWSTONE ECOSYSTEM - FISHES AND AMPHIBIANS
This program discusses characteristics and examples of important fishes in the ecosystem, including a piece filmed on-location in Yellowstone about the habitat and ecological threats to the cutthroat trout population. Then, the characteristics of the Amphibia are introduced, followed by a discussion about the major contributors to the global amphibian population crash and how Amphibian Chytridiomycosis became a global epidemic.
DVD (Closed Captioned) / 2009 / (Grades 9-12, College, Adult) / 30 minutes
CIRCLE OF LIFE: THE GREATER YELLOWSTONE ECOSYSTEM - FLATWORMS TO ARTHROPODS
Circle of Life: The Greater Yellowstone Ecosystem continues a discussion of the life cycles and examples of animals found in the ecosystem. Platyhelminthes, Nematoda, Acanthocephala, and Arthropods (Chelicerates) are considered.
DVD (Closed Captioned) / 2009 / (Grades 9-12, College, Adult) / 30 minutes
CIRCLE OF LIFE: THE GREATER YELLOWSTONE ECOSYSTEM - FORCES OF EVOLUTION
This program defines biological evolution; examines Darwin's development of evolutionary theory; discusses relevant terminology; and begins a discussion of some of the forces that drive evolution including inheritance, random genetic change, and natural selection. Examples and evidence for these evolutionary forces are emphasized throughout.
DVD (Closed Captioned) / 2009 / (Grades 9-12, College, Adult) / 30 minutes
CIRCLE OF LIFE: THE GREATER YELLOWSTONE ECOSYSTEM - FUNGI AND INTRODUCTION TO PLANTAE
This program discusses the Fungal Divisions Chytridiomycota, Zygyomycota, Basidiomycota (Blister Rust), and Ascomycota; lichens; and concludes with an examination of red algae, green algae, and plant alternations of generations.
DVD (Closed Captioned) / 2009 / (Grades 9-12, College, Adult) / 30 minutes
CIRCLE OF LIFE: THE GREATER YELLOWSTONE ECOSYSTEM - INSECTS TO CHORDATES
This program continues a discussion of the life cycles and examples of animals found in the ecosystem. The major insect orders are discussed as well as Mollusca, Annelida, and Chordate characteristics.
DVD (Closed Captioned) / 2009 / (Grades 9-12, College, Adult) / 30 minutes
CIRCLE OF LIFE: THE GREATER YELLOWSTONE ECOSYSTEM - MAMMALS: ARTIODACTYLA
This program discusses mammalian characteristics and begins a discussion of the ecosystem's mammalian orders with the Artiodactyla and Elk management.
DVD (Closed Captioned) / 2009 / (Grades 9-12, College, Adult) / 30 minutes
CIRCLE OF LIFE: THE GREATER YELLOWSTONE ECOSYSTEM - MAMMALS: ARTIODACTYLA AND CARNIVORA
This program examines elk and bison management including Brucellosis before considering the rest of the ecosystem Artiodactyla, including rocky mountain big horn sheep, moose, and pronghorn; then follows with a discussion of Carnivora, beginning with grizzly bears.
DVD (Closed Captioned) / 2009 / (Grades 9-12, College, Adult) / 30 minutes
CIRCLE OF LIFE: THE GREATER YELLOWSTONE ECOSYSTEM - MAMMALS: CARNIVORA THROUGH RODENTIA
This program discusses grizzly biology and management; wolf biology, reintroduction and management; followed by the rest of the ecosystem's Carnivora (black bear, red fox, coyote, wolf, mountain lion, bobcat, lynx, skunk, otter, wolverine, badger, short-tailed weasel, black-footed ferret), Insectivora (shrews); and Rodentia (beaver, muskrat, porcupine, marmot, squirrels, prairie dogs, chipmunks, pocket gophers, voles). Finally, a short discussion about Lagomorphs (rabbits and hares) and Chiroptera (bats).
DVD (Closed Captioned) / 2009 / (Grades 9-12, College, Adult) / 30 minutes
CIRCLE OF LIFE: THE GREATER YELLOWSTONE ECOSYSTEM - MOSSES AND FERNS
This program looks at plant tissues; transpiration and translocation; moss life cycles and examples within the Yellowstone ecosystem; the fern life cycle and examples within the ecosystem.
DVD (Closed Captioned) / 2009 / (Grades 9-12, College, Adult) / 30 minutes
CIRCLE OF LIFE: THE GREATER YELLOWSTONE ECOSYSTEM - PROKARYOTES
This program looks at prions and viruses and how they cause disease; characteristics of the Prokaryotic Domains; and examples of some Eubacteria found in the Greater Yellowstone Ecosystem.
DVD (Closed Captioned) / 2009 / (Grades 9-12, College, Adult) / 30 minutes
CIRCLE OF LIFE: THE GREATER YELLOWSTONE ECOSYSTEM - PROTIST AND INTRODUCTION TO FUNGI
This program continues the discussion of Protists found in the greater Yellowstone ecosystem and introduces characteristics of the Fungi.
DVD (Closed Captioned) / 2009 / (Grades 9-12, College, Adult) / 30 minutes
CIRCLE OF LIFE: THE GREATER YELLOWSTONE ECOSYSTEM - SYSTEMATICS
This program defines systematics; examines how organisms are classified comparing traditional and cladistic approaches; lays out the Linnaean hierarchy; and defines characteristics of the three major Domains of life and how they relate.
DVD (Closed Captioned) / 2009 / (Grades 9-12, College, Adult) / 30 minutes
BIOLOGY: THE FABRIC OF LIFE - ECOSYSTEM DYNAMICS
Ecosystem Dynamics discusses the following:
succession feedback mechanisms synergy biological magnification population cycles techniques for monitoring and evaluating ecosystems
DVD / 2008 / (Grades 9-12, College, Adult) / 30 minutes
BIOLOGY: THE FABRIC OF LIFE - ECOSYSTEMS
Ecosystems looks at biotic and abiotic factors; ecosystem structure; marine and aquatic zones; net primary productivity and biomass; and then discusses the following ecosystems:
wetlands estuaries riparian ecosystems coniferous and deciduous forests chaparral desert tundra temperate and tropical grasslands tropical rain forests
DVD / 2008 / (Grades 9-12, College, Adult) / 30 minutes
ECOSYSTEMS
What is ecology? How can it help us understand the world we live in? A 2005 revised and updated program ideal for life science and environmental studies.
Part 1. From Nature Study to Ecology. The naturalist tradition of Henry David Thoreau is contrasted with the hard science tradition of modern quantitative ecology. New video footage from Walden Pond and from Silver Springs, Florida, where Eugene and Howard Odum did their pioneering work in the 1950s.
Part 2. The Web of Life. Carefully outlines concepts used by ecologists to study ecosystems today. Program includes a look at how human values play key roles in environmental choices.
In Ecosystems the keys to scientific literacy include: abiotic, acid rain, biosphere, Rachel Carson, chemical cycles, consumer, decomposer, ecology, food chains, greenhouse effect, natural selection, niche, ozone, parasite, photosynthesis, predator, producer, quantitative, recycling, species, thermodynamics, Thoreau, toxic wastes.
DVD (Closed Captioned) / 2005 / (Secondary, College) / 36 minutes
ECOSYSTEM CYCLES: ECOSYSTEMS ON EARTH/FOOD CHAINS IN BIOSPHERE/CHEMICAL CYCLES IN BIOSPHERE
Ecosystems on Earth What is the state of the world's ecosystems as the 21st century begins? A primer on ecosystem problems and opportunities with the stress on new efforts to save endangered species, new efforts to avert global warming and new efforts to preserve and restore to health all ecosystems, including agricultural and urban ones.
Food Chains in the Biosphere Students will learn how producers, consumers, decomposers and the abiotic elements are connected in ecosystems and how ecosystems make up a biosphere. Program features new computer graphics and live-action video illustrating important concepts in modern ecology.
Chemical Cycles in the Biosphere Video footage from around the world and updated informative computer graphics show how chemicals cycle within the biosphere. Emphasized are the oxygen-carbon dioxide cycle, the nitrogen cycle, the water cycle, acid rain and how toxic chemicals can affect the biosphere.
On Ecosystems Cycles DVD you can have easy access to keys to scientific literacy that include: Chemicals in the biosphere, oxygen-carbon dioxide cycle, photosynthesis, respiration, nitrogen cycle, organic fertilizers, water cycle, chemicals of life, what is the biosphere?, life cycles in biosphere, producers, food pyramids, food chains, food webs, decomposers, energy flow, agricultural and urban ecosystems, homeostasis, chemical pollution, chemical progress, global warming, species extinction.
DVD (Closed Captioned) / 2001 / (Secondary, College) / 61 minutes
ECOSYSTEMS IN ACTION 1: DESERTS/THE GALAPAGOS ISLANDS/A TROPICAL RAIN FOREST
Deserts Takes you and your class to the Sahara Desert of North Africa, the Mohave, Colorado and Great Basin deserts of the southwestern United States to learn facts, concepts and values that make these unique ecosystems both dreaded and loved.
The Galapagos Islands The islands Charles Darwin made famous are still alive and well 150 years after his visit. Take your students on a field trip to this unique ecosystem to learn more about the connections between ecosystems and evolution, and the fight to save endangered species.
A Tropical Rain Forest Saving the Amazonian rain forest is a high priority today. This program takes your students into a small section of the Amazonian rain forest to learn how this unique ecosytem functions today. Diversity of species, soil impoverishment and interconnectedness are stressed.
On Ecosystems in Action 1 DVD you can have easy access to keys to scientific literacy that include: Energy flow, producers, consumers, decomposers, symbiosis, mutualism, rainforest value, matter recycling, diversity of species, geology of deserts, energy flow in deserts, life in deserts, plants & photosynthesis, solar energy in deserts, volcanoes and life, ecosystems in the Galapagos, succession, lizards and finches, Darwin, natural selection, boobies, tortoises, mammals.
DVD (Closed Captioned) / 2001 / (Secondary, College) / 76 minutes
ECOSYSTEMS IN ACTION 2: A NEW ENGLAND POND/THE GREAT LAKES ECOSYSTEM/THE WEB OF LIFE
A New England Pond Some of the best work in ecology has been done on small fresh water pond ecosystems. This live-action video uses a small New England pond to teach basic concepts in ecosystem science. Food webs are illustrated, the abiotic-producer-consumer-decomposer cycles, problems of acid rain and pond succession are also stressed.
The Great Lakes Ecosystem The largest chain of fresh water lakes in the world has special ecological problems of its own. This live-action video explains some of the challenges today. Stressed are the sea lamprey, toxic wastes in the lakes, the coming of the zebra mussel and the ruffe fish.
The Web of Life Explains the concepts used by ecologists today to study ecosystems. Food chains, food webs, cycling of elements, toxic wastes and more.
On Ecosystems in Action 2 DVD you can have easy access to keys to scientific literacy that include: Pollution from mining, zebra mussels, food chains and eutrophication, chemical pollutants, european ruffe, ecology and ecosystems, energy flow in a small pond, food pyramids, niches, food webs, cycling of matter, succession, acid rain, what is ecology?, energy flow in all ecosystems, producers & consumers, food chains, recycling of matter, environmental problems, biosphere problems.
DVD (Closed Captioned) / 2001 / (Secondary, College) / 66 minutes
http://www.learningemall.com/News/Ecosystem_1906.html
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professoraevelyn · 5 years
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Quitrídios
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Os representantes do Filo Chytridiomycota são referidos como fungos zoospóricos ou quitrídios. Há evidências que indicam que este grupo foi o primeiro a divergir dos outros grupos de fungos. Quitrídios são organismos microscópicos e únicos a apresentar flagelos dentro do reino Fungi. Atualmente, o sistema de classificação biológica segregou alguns táxons do filo Chytridiomycota, criando dois novos filos: Noecallimastigomycota e Blastocladiomycota, fungos simbiontes vivendo no trato digestório de animais herbívoros.
Com aproximadamente 1000 espécies registradas, os quitrídios são organismos predominantemente aquáticos, mas com representantes em solo, ou estabelecendo relações simbióticas. Foram isolados de ambientes marinhos e fontes hidrotermais. Muitos trabalhos apontam a preferência destes fungos em degradar compostos celulósicos, quitinosos e queratinosos. Há muitas espécies patógenas e existem espécies específicas que atacam determinados organismos, como é o caso de Batrachochytridium dendrobatidis, que contribui com a diminuição da população de anfíbios do planeta. Outras espécies prejudicam grandes áreas de cultivo hidropônico, ou plantas com importância econômica. Alguns registros mostraram que certas espécies de quitrídios parasitam outros fungos; táxons de algas; “briófitas”; samambaias; plantas fanerógamas; animais como peixes, crustáceos e o homem. Apesar do grupo possuir muitas espécies patógenas e parasitas, há aquelas que são utilizadas para o controle biológico, pois predam nematoides. No entanto, vale lembrar que como todos os fungos, os quitrídios são importantes decompositores e com isso contribuem imensamente para a ciclagem de nutrientes dos ambientes que vivem. Com mencionado no início deste texto, existem espécies simbiontes vivendo no trato digestório de ruminantes e, assim, auxiliando na degradação da celulose durante o processo digestório.
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Morfologia e reprodução
A morfologia destes organismos é bastante variada, pois podem ser unicelulares e não desenvolverem um micélio como na maioria dos outros grupos. Geralmente todo o organismo se diferencia na estrutura de reprodução sexuada, o zoósporo. Algumas espécies podem originar um pseudomicélio, na verdade, uma trama de rizoides finos que servem para fixação no substrato. As hifas destes organismos são cenocíticas, ou seja, sem septos, estes podem surgir na maturidade. A parede celular é composta por quitina e assim como em outros fungos armazenam glicogênio como reserva energética.
Assim como a morfologia, os tipos de reprodução são variáveis e podem ser assexuadas por meio de zoósporos; ou por reprodução sexuada com alternâncias de gerações isomórficas ou heteromórficas.
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Bibliografia recomendada
http://tolweb.org/tree/ (consultado em março de 2019)
Evert, R.F. & Eichhirn, S.E. 2014. Raven/ Biologia Vegetal. 8ª edição, Guanabara Koogan, Rio de Janeiro, 856p.
Hibbett, D.S. et al. 2007. A higher-level phylogenetic classification of the Fungi. Mycological Research 111: 509-547.
Kirk, P.M., Cannon, P.F., Minter, D.W. & Stalpers, J.A. 2008. Dictionary of the Fungi. 10th ed. CAB International, Wallingford.
Reece, J.B. et al. 2015. Biologia de Campbell. 10ed. Artmed, Porto Alegre. (trad.: Anne D. Villela et al.)
Terçaroli, G.R., Paleari, L.M. & Bagagli, E.2010. O incrível mundo dos fungos. São Paulo, Ed. Unesp, 125p.
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