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cedar-glade · 3 years

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Lysimachia ciliata

Perhaps thought of being the most wide spread species even above lanceolata but now being looked at for differences in genetics and morphological adaptations in differing ranges. Western and southern species, a hyper disjunct population in south Texas, and some pops west of the rockies.

ciliate hair’s on the margin of the petiole, often does best in swamp like habitats or fen like habitats up north, but not limited to such as it has been found on roadside seeps and likes waterlogged riparian sections and in rich ultra-mesic woodlands. (this means it has a lot of habitat even when compared to our common garden plant the lance leaf loose strife.)

in what was once a fantastic remnant Black Ash swamp section of Cedar Bog, a fen.

Ciliate top, Lance bottom.

More often than not I feel like many of the loosestrifes are often over looked in the midwest as somewhat novel, or being associated with the ditchside and wetland invasive purple loosestrife. In truth this is a very unique group of plants that is as diverse in morphology as it is in habitat preference. In cedar bog there are 4 types of strict habitats meeting each other at once.

To start, the boreal white star, Lysimachia borealis, is known from the county though I have found no accounts of where or what site the plant is known from in this county, its ultramesic to mesic woodland habitat is one thing but could be more associated to the talus slopes of the nearby glacially cut gorge associate with the Mad River and will require some herbarium lurking to figure out.

As for this fen, one section that is more open, nutrient poor, water logged, and extremely exposed is the marl flats and sedge meadow. This specific habitat has two locally common loosestrife species: Lythrum alatum (species name means winged hence winged loosestrife associated with winged sections along internodes) among the margins with richer soil structure, and Lysimachia quadriflora appearing only in the sedge meadow where light competition is at it’s lowest. Both are often confused with species due to name or appearance. Lance leaf and four leaf/whorled large flowered swamp candle loose strife are two common names affiliated with: Lysimachia lanceolata and Lysimachia punctata, or at least thats the case here in Ohio. The ladder species have their own habitat restrictions like rich mesic woodlands and along riparian corridors, where the L. punctata is limited to wet ericaceous sites. Lysimachia quadrifolia, is an ericaceous flat woods and sandy ericaceous woodland species in some states, in others it appears to do fine in open sandy sedge meadows with different ph varying with site. I’ve only seen it in Adam’s co. and in Logan co.

In Red River Gorge and Northern TN we see a different whorled loose strife, than L. punctata and with much smaller flowers. In TN, GA, and AL the Lysimachia fraseri takes a very specific gravel broken bank river scour community restriction which is why it’s ranked G3 and in the states it’s present S2 ranked.

#lysimachia #lysimachia ciliata #botany #ohio #wildflowers #plantblr

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elefteriamantzorou · 3 years

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That's Lythrum salicaria or purple loosestrife! Wow, what a name... See more on my herbalism course at bit.ly/votanotherapeia ...discover my bodywork books at bit.ly/elefteria ...and read more about that. It has been used as an astringent medicinal herb to treat diarrhea and dysentery; it is considered safe to use for all ages, including babies. In Greece, this herb is known as salikaria or barikoxorto. Lythrum salicaria is a herbaceous perennial plant, that can grow 1–2 m tall, forming clonal colonies 1.5 m or more in width with numerous erect stems growing from a single woody root mass. The stems are reddish-purple or red to purple and square in cross-section. The leaves are lanceolate, 3–10 cm long and 5–15 mm broad, downy and sessile, and arranged opposite or in whorls of three. The flowers are reddish purple, 10–20 mm diameter, with six petals (occasionally five) and 12 stamens, and are clustered tightly in the axils of bracts or leaves; there are three different flower types, with the stamens and style of different lengths, short, medium or long; each flower type can only be pollinated by one of the other types, not the same type, thus ensuring cross-pollination between different plants. Photo taken by me, all rights reserved. Text credit, Wikipedia. #herbaleducation #lythrum #lythrumsalicaria #purpleloosestrife #Lythraceae #eatweeds #medicinalplants #wildfoodlove #wildfood #myherbalstudies #botany #greekflora #greekfood #wildherbs #foragingforfood #greekherbs #herbalistsofinstagram #herbalremedies #foraging #plantallies (at Ioánnina, Greece) https://www.instagram.com/p/CUND3GwIFRV/?utm_medium=tumblr

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mbsposts · 3 years

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20200629 MP241.1 Doughton Park Blue Ridge Parkway North Carolina Lodge area

Whorled Loosestrife Lysimachia quadrifolia

#north carolina #BRPKY #Doughton

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plantanarchy · 5 years

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Lysimachia quadrifolia, Whorled Loosestrife

#nature content

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indefenseofplants · 7 years

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A tiny bee checking out the flowers of a whorled loosestrife (Lysimachia quadrifolia). #plants #plantnerd #plantoftheday #botany #botanical #botanizing #flowers #floweroftheday #NorthCarolina #naturelovers #nativeplants #plantoftheday #pollinators #appalachia #appalachianmountains #ecology #bee #solitarybee #nativebees #forest

#appalachianmountains #pollinators #floweroftheday #ecology #nativeplants #plantoftheday #appalachia #solitarybee #botany #flowers #botanical #plants #nativebees #plantnerd #naturelovers #botanizing #forest #northcarolina #bee

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john-barley-corn · 7 years

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I bought myself a wild flower field guide yesterday (one more specialized than the one I’ve been using, which covers all wildlife). I’m trying to learn what the different plant families are, so here are the descriptions of the dicotyledon families, mostly taken verbatim from the guide; writing these out will probably help me remember them:

Ranunculaceae, the buttercup family. Flowers with many stamens, usually five petals (or no petals, but petal-like sepals), and at their base often small honey-guides, which secret nectar. Fruits with many separate nutlets or tiny pods.

Papaveraceae, the poppy family. Includes both poppies, with large, floppy-petalled flowers, and fumitories and allies, which have unusual tubular, spurred flowers.

Cannabaceae, the hemp family. Flowers greenish, male and female on separate plants.

Urticaceae, the nettle family. [No description.]

Amaranthaceae, the goosefoot family. [No description.]

Caryophyllaceae, the pink family. Stems usually swollen at the nodes of the opposite pairs of usually untoothed and unstalked leaves, with stipules only in spurreys and their allies. Flowering shoots repeatedly forked; flowers with 4-5 petals or none and 4-5 sepals, often joined at the base, in the campions and pinks forming a tube or more or less inflated bladder.

Polgonaceae, the dock family. Characterised by a sheath at the base of the leaves forming a whitish papery tube (ochrea) around the stem at the more or less swollen leaf-nodes. Leaves alternate, usually undivided and untoothed. Flowers small, pink, white or green, with no petals but petaloid sepals (tepals).

Plumbaginaceae, the thrift family. [No description.]

Cistaceae, the rock-rose family. [No description.]

Hypericaceae, the St. John’s wort family. [No description.]

Malvaceae, the mallow family. Now also contains Limes; otherwise non-woody plants except Tree Meallow, usually downy or softly hairy. The often large flowers have five notched petals, a double row of joined sepals, the inner ring often larger, the outer (epicalyx) sometimes forming a cup, and a prominent bunch of stamens. Leaves palmately lobed or cut, stalked and toothed. Fruits disc-shaped nutlets.

Violaceae, the violet family. [No description.]

Droseraceae, the sundew family. [No description.]

Brassicaceae, the cabbage family. Annuals/perennials, almost all non-woody, with flowers, often called crucifers (from the Latin for cross) from the four (usually none in Narrow-leaved Pepperwort, rarely none in other species) petals arranged crosswise; stamens usually six; sepals four; mostly in stalked erect spikes or clusters. The seeds are contained in a usually beaked pod, either long and thin (siliqua) or of various shapes less than three times as long as broad (silicula).

Resedaceae, the mignonette family. [No description.]

Cucurbitaceae, the marrow family. A family with only one native member, White Bryony, but numerous casuals deriving from human food wastes and most often encountered at sewage works. All these have yellow flowers, palmately lobed and coarsely hairy leaves, tendrils (except Squirting Cucumber) and distinctive (and mostly well known) yellow or green fruits. The commonest are Marrow Cucurbita pepo and Melon Cucumis mela, but Pumpkin Cucurbita maxima is established in at least one place in Hertfordshire, and Cucumber Cucumis sativus, Water Melon Citrullus lanatus and Squirting Cucumber Ecballium elaterium (no tendrils and leaves often not lobed) all occur more rarely. Fruits are rounded in the two melons and Pumpkin and elongated in the rest.

Ericaceae, the heath family. A morphologically diverse family of herbs (Wintergreens)---including some with no green colouring (Yellow Birdsnest), dwarf shrubs, trees and taller shrubs; mostly evergreen, but some bilberries are deciduous. Flowers often distinctively globular/bell-shaped. Fruit usually a capsule or berry. Mainly avoiding lime.

Primulaceae, the primrose family. Mostly perennials. Flowers usually with five joined petals. Fruit a capsule.

Lythraceae, the purple loosestrife family. [No description.]

Saxifragaceae, the saxifrage family. Annuals/perennials, with flowers 4-5-petalled and 3-styled, leaves usually alternate or basal and fruit a capsule.

Parnassiaceae, the grass of Parnassus family. [No description.]

Crassulaceae, the stonecrop family. Mostly hairless perennials, with star-like, 5-petalled flowers; untoothed, fleshy, un- or short-stalked leaves and dry, many-seeded fruits. Most stonecrops (Sedum) prefer walls and dry rock places, and many are grown in gardens; nearly a dozen species are liable to escape.

Diapensiaceae, the diapensia family. [No description.]

Rosaceae, the rose family. A large family, including many trees and tall shrubs. Flowers very variable in size, with five petals and sepals, numerous yellow stamens, leaves usually alternate and with stipules, and fruit usually compound, of several to many achenes (dry) or drupes (fleshy).

Portulacaceae, the purslane family. [No description.]

Montiaceae, the blinks family. [No description.]

Fabaceae, the pea family. Distinctive for its 5-petalled flower shape: the broad and often erect standard at the top, the two narrower wings at the sides, and the two lowest joined as the keel, which hides the stamens and styles. Flowers usually in heads, the unique shape not being immediately apparent when the flowers are small and in a tight head, as with some of the clovers. Leaves alternate and usually either pinnate (with or without a terminal leaflet) or trefoil. Fruit a pod (legume), usually long and resembling a cultivated pea or bean---Garden Pea Pisum sativum with white to purple flowers is a frequent relic of cultivation. Members of the family are often known as legumes after the pod. All legumes have nodules on their roots that harbour symbiotic bacteria called rhizobia which fix nitrogen gas from the atmosphere into ammonium that can be used by plants; this process is of enormous importance in natural ecosystems and in agriculture, and legumes are of great ecological and economic significance.

Onagraceae, the willowherb family. [No description.]

Euphorbiaceae, the spurge family. [No description, except for a red P for “poisonous”.]

Cornaceae, the dogwood family. [No description.]

Santalaceae, the sandalwood family. [No description.]

Linaceae, the flax family. Flowers 5-petalled. Leaves opposite, undivided. Fruit is a globular capsule.

Polygalaceae, the milkwort family. [No description.]

Oxalidaceae, the wood-sorrel family. Perennials, often with bulbils. Flowers 5-petalled. Leaves trefoil. Fruit a capsule. Besides the native Wood-sorrel, there are 17 introduced species.

Geraniaceae, the cranesbill family. [No description.]

Balsaminaceae, the balsam family. Hairless annuals with fleshy stems. Flowers with a unique shape, 5-petalled with a broad lower lip, a small upper hood and a usually curved spur behind; in loose clusters. Leaves oval, stalked, slightly toothed. The seeds explode from the ripe cylindrical fruits. Only one native species, Touch-me-not Balsam.

Apiaceae, the carrot family. Typical umbellifers are easily identified: their flowers are arranged in a flat umbrella-like head or umbel. (But there are a few atypical umbellifers. Also, Yarrow is an umbellifer-like composite.) The spokes (rays) of the umbel end in secondary umbels, with a number of small 5-petalled flowers arranged in a smaller umbel, usually with a flattish top, but becoming domed as they go over. The tops of these smaller umbels make up the top of the whole umbrella. In some country districts the larger umbellifers are still called Keck or Kecks. The hollow stems of, for instance, Hogweed and Wild Angelica, used to be, and perhaps still are, cut by country boys to make whistles.

Hydrocotylaceae, the pennywort family. [No description.]

Gentianaceae, the gentian family. Hairless annuals/perennials. Flowers in a branched cluster, with 4-5 joined petals and sepals, often opening only in sunshine. Leaves undivided, opposite, usually unstalked. Fruit a capsule.

Solanaceae, the nightshade family. Mostly poisonous; even Potato and Tamato if you eat the wrong parts of the plant. Flowers with five joined petals and sepals. Leaves usually alternate and stalked.

Convolvulaceae, the bindweed family. Perennials with stems usually twining anticlockwise. Flowers large and trumpet-shaped, sometimes quite deeply lobed. Leaves usually undivided, untoothed, alternate. Fruit a capsule.

Boraginaceae, the borage family. All except Oysterplant are hairy, often rougly hairy. Flowers usualy blue, often pink in bud with five joined petals and sepals, usually in 1-sided spikes, tightly coiled at first. Leaves undivided, alternate. Fruits four nutlets.

Apocynaceae, the periwinkle family. [No description.]

Menyanthaceae, the bogbean family. [No description.]

Polemoniaceae, the Jacob’s ladder familly. [No description.]

Verbenaceae, the verbena family. [No description.]

Lamiaceae, the dead-nettle family. Formerly known as Labiatae, hence still referred to as Labiates. Hairy/downy annuals/perennials, often aromatic or pungent, with square stems. Flowers with joined petals and five sepal-teeth, 2-lipped and open-mouthed (except mints and Gipsywort); upper lip missing in bugles and germanders; usually in whorls up leafy stems. Leaves opposite, toothed, usually stalked and undivided. Fruit a cluster of nutlets.

Scorphulariaceae, the figwort family. A much reduced family following re-classification using molecular evidence. Mostly annual/perennial herbs, but includes some shrubs (e.g. Butterfly Bush). Mulleins have open flowers that are large and usually yellow.

Veronicaceae, the speedwell family. Part of the former Figwort family that includes both the Speedwells whose flowers have 4-5 petals joined at the base, and toadflaxes and other species with tubular, often 2-lipped flowers.

Phrymaceae, the monkeyflower family. A difficult group of three naturalised species and five hybrids. Perennials with leafy runners; large and showy 2-lipped flowers, bright yellow usually marked with red, 25-45mm (except Musk), June-Sept; and broad toothed opposite leaves, the lower often stalked. Wet places, especially by shallow streams.

Orobranchaceae, the broomrape family. A family of parasitic plants, including both the true broomrapes which have no chlorophyll and are wholly dependent on their hosts, and species which are hemiparasites, with green leaves but parasitic on the roots of host plants for water and minerals. Unlike the broomrapes, the hemiparasites are generalist parasites with no special host plants. All have 2-lipped, more or less open-mouthed flowers.

Acanthaceae, the bearsbreech family. [No description.]

Adoxaceae, the moschatel family. [No description.]

Plantaginaceae, the plantain family. [No description.]

Juncaginaceae, the arrow-grass family. A monocotyledon family. Hairless perennials with spikes of stalked green flowers with six sepals/petals and styles forming a short whitish tuft. Leaves linear, in basal rosettes.

Scheuchzeriaceae, the rannoch-rush family. [No description.]

Lentibulariaceae, the bladderwort family. [No description.]

Campanulaceae, the bellflower family. Mostly perennials. Flowers usually stalked, bell-shaped, usually blue, with five usually short lobes. Leaves undivided, alternate. Fruit usually a capsule.

Rubiaceae, the bedstraw family. Annuals/perennials, often climbers, with clusters of small flowers, with four petals (except Wild Madder and Madder) and minute or no sepals, and whorls of undivided leaves and leaflike stipules. Fruit usually a nutlet.

Caprifoliaceae, the honeysuckle family. [No description.]

Valerianaceae, the valerian family. [No description.]

Dispacaceae, the teasel family. Perennials/biennials, like the Daisy Family, with their dense compound flowerheads, somewhat mimicking a single large stalked flower. But the smal individual flowers have 4-5 joined petals, with four separate stamens, and very narrow, sometimes bristle-like joined sepals sitting in a small green cup of bracts. What look like green sepals around the whole flowerhead are also actually bracts. Leaves opposite. Fruit a small seed.

Asteraceae, the daisy family. The largest family of flowering plants, often called composites; their tiny flowers are closely packed into a compound head, which resembles a single flower, surrounded by sepal-like bracts. (These flowerheads are referred to as flowers, and the single flowers as florets.) Petals are joined in a tube so that the florets are of two kinds: disc florets with the tube ending in five short teeth and ray florets, ending in a cospicuous flat petal-like flap. Composite flowers are thus of three kinds: daisy-type, with a flat or conical base of yellow disc florets usually surrounded by ray florets; brush-like or thistle-type, usually with disc florets only; dandelion-type with (almost always yellow) ray florets only. In some daisy-type flowers the florets’ true sepals become chaffy scales. In the two other groups they become hairs, simple in thistle-type, and feathery in dandelion-type flowers. These become the thistle-down and dandelion-clocks, on which the tiny nut-like seeds float away in the wind.

Aizoaceae, the mesembryanthemum family. [No description.]

Nympheaceae, the water-lily family. Hairless perennials, with large flowers and long-stalked leaves. Still and slow-moving fresh water, rooting in the bottom mud. This family and the Birthwort family have been shown by new molecular evidence to be the most primitive flowering plants in the British flora.

Paeoniaceae, the peony family. [No description.]

Sarraceniaceae, the pitcherplant family. [No description.]

Gunneraceae, the giant rhubarb family. [No description.]

Aristolochiaceae, the birthwort family. Two long-established but widely scattered aliens are Birthwort Aristolochia clematitis, source of a drug used to save peccant medieval nuns from their misbehaviour with peccant monks, and Asarabacca Asarum europaeum, a plant so dull that one wonders why it was ever planted, its dull purple bell-shaped flowers being usually hidden under kidney-shaped leaves on a few shady banks. Birthwort is foetid with pale yellow tubular flowers and large heart-shaped leaves; found, in Oxfordshire for instance, at Godstow Nunnery ruins and by a roadside at Kencott.

#plants #taxonomy

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vandaliatraveler · 2 years

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A gorgeous late spring afternoon means only one thing to me: a long, leisurely bike ride on the Mon River Trail. Eastern goat’s beard (Aruncus dioicus), with its gaudy, plume-like flowers, is now at peak bloom on the moist, rich slopes bordering the trail. This rhizomatous perennial in the rose family is one of Appalachia’s most spectacular spring-blooming wildflowers and has a rambling, bushy habit that makes it the perfect ornamental for a damp, partially-shaded spot in a native wildflower garden. This plant is easily mistaken for Appalachian false goat’s beard (Astilbe biternata), which grows in the same habitat and has a similar flower plume but with a different leaf arrangement.

Other notable plants now coming into their own (from top): northern maidenhair fern (Adiantum pedatum), which cascades down the moist slopes along the trail in radiant waves; purple-flowering raspberry (Rubus odoratus), a showy, suckering cousin to Allegheny blackberry with gorgeous flowers and foliage and bristly, not-so-tasty fruit; whorled loosestrife (Lysimachia quadrifolia), an elegant, upright perennial with yellow flowers borne from the leaf axils; Meehan’s creeping mint (Meehania cordata), a striking, deer-resistant perennial that forms spreading mats of lavender flowers; and foxglove beardtongue (Penstemon digitalis), a tall, captivating perennial named for the hairs that grow from its staminode (long, sterile stamen).

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teesturtle · 4 years

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