Putting in new Farm Culvert and Road with pair of skidsteers

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How to Make a Driveway

Constructing a driveway requires some expertise of standard planet work including having the ability to establish elevations along the driveway's facility line, drainage, website cleaning, possible rock elimination as well as positioning and compaction of the driveway surface material. Making a small cleaning to park a cars and truck might be nothing more removing a couple of saplings yet building a brand-new driveway to a residence or structure can be a significant task.

In many areas a driveway authorization is called for from the jurisdiction that possesses the main road. Area Roadway, Area license, State Road, State permit and more. An application should finished and also sent together with a drawing showing the proposed driveway place, entrance building approaches as well as a check for a performance bond to ensure no damages is done to the community highway while the driveway is being constructed. As soon as the driveway is completed, a freeway examiner will check the brand-new job as well as return the performance bond if no damages was incurred.

It is extremely common today to have a culvert pipe mounted under the driveway to draw away tornado water under the driveway into a roadside drainage ditch as opposed to over the top of driveway thereby washing away the driveway materials as well as washing soils, gravel stone, etc. on to the main roadway. A pipe product designated as type HDPE (black plastic with corrugations) is the most frequently utilized pipeline today. It has a long life span as it does not rust as well as is very solid as well. Hidden just a couple of inches below well compacted earth or maybe thing 4 rock, the pipe will enable a tandem dump truck to easily overlook without crushing the pipeline.

When the driveway location is set, the water drainage culvert is embeded in place with a mild down suggestion to help water search the within the pipe free from debris with water washing. Driveways are typically at least ten feet broad but the start or "mouth" of the drive might be twice that. This permits simpler switching in and out of the driveway on an angle. Or else you would certainly have to make a sharp right angle transform each time. Not a very easy driving maneuver. Dirts or rock being placed around as well as over the pipe has to be mounted in superficial layers. Using a vibratory compactor is nearly mandatory if the driveway is to be made use of immediately. If a very long time duration will certainly elapse (months or years) natural settlement of the material might be adequate but is not suggested. Numerous districts need the initial section of the driveway to be led with asphalt. Twenty to Twenty-Five feet prevails with the whole mouth of the drive consisted of. This avoids vehicle tires from spinning gravel as well as rocks on the major highway surface area as well as if struck by other cars or a snow rake, can become airborne risks.

With the entrance finished, the clearing as well as removal of trees or stumps, big rocks and also various other site items can begin. Being able to use a transportation and rod to establish last quality altitudes for the facility line of the driveway is a huge help. A property surveyor can of course set what are called quality risks for you to adhere to as you build your roadway bed. You see them typically at roadway job sites with red or orange plastic tape hanging from them. That is how the roadway workers recognize where and exactly how high to place the dirts for the roadbed. Residence driveways commonly are constructed with a bulldozer as well as maybe some kind of backhoe or excavator. When special problems develop such as rock outcrops that are in the means, dynamite or unique rock hammers might be needed. These are for the pros alone to take care of.

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Why Hiring an Excavation Contractor is Important

The first thing before any construction or installation activity is that there is a need for excavation services that will be done first before the main activity.  The strength of the foundations of buildings, houses and megastructures is ensured when one hires the services of an excavation contractor. Apart from laying foundations, other excavation services include repairing of roads and installing of facilities such as pipes, and culverts below the ground. Excavation contractors usually deal with heavy and sophisticated machinery such as bulldozers, forward loaders, and backhoes. The following are the reasons why hiring the services of an excavation contractor is beneficial.

  The first logic behind hiring an excavation contractor service is that they assist in the clearing of construction sites. Before any construction, the sites need to be cleared and this work is given to excavation contractors.  Before a construction the land needs to be cleared of things such as old buildings, cutting down trees, and also laying up a foundation which can be facilitated by an excavation contractor.  To give an easy time for the workers who will be constructing the excavation will clear the site for them.

The second reason as to why you should hire the JMS Ground Services of an excavation contractor is because they use heavy equipment.  The excavation contractors are highly skilled and trained with technical skills which will help them to operate the big machines such as bulldozers.  The excavation operators come along with highly trained workers with experience in terms of the heavy machine task operations. The use of the large machines to lay out the foundations or dig the trenches will be perfectly done with the use of the equipment provided by the services of the excavation contracting agency.

 The other reason as to why you should contact the JMS Ground Services of an excavation contractor is that they will help you in making the necessary preparations for a septic tank and installation of a septic system. A septic tank is a tank in which is located below the ground and in which sewage is collected and can be used in the treatment of raw sewage to form clean water.   Licensed excavation contractors can set up a septic tank system and install them because they have the skills and the ability to install them. The construction manager of a site must ensure that the site has been well set up and prepared to enable building and construction facilities to take place easily.

  In conclusion, the reasons stated above are the basis for which you should hire professional excavation services. Find out some more facts about excavation through https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/excavation.

Benefits of Engaging Vacuum Excavation Services

Vacuum excavation services are an excellent alternative to traditional excavation methods. By combining an air vacuum with high-pressure water, vacuum excavation services can remove enormous amounts of unwanted material from the desired area with minimal to no damage.

These services offer increased safety, better productivity, cost-saving, and more. Following are the key benefits of engaging vacuum excavation services:

Increased Safety

Safety is one of the biggest concerns when it comes to excavation processes. One wrong strike with traditional excavation can damage underground phone cables, power lines, fibre optics, water pipes, gas lines, etc. Using vacuum excavation services eliminates the likelihood of damage to underground utilities and prevents accidents. Large equipment such as digging chambers, heavy excavators, etc., is not required. A fully equipped vacuum truck can get the job done in most cases.

Eco-Friendly Process

You can hire vacuum excavation services for virtually all kinds of soil. These services offer a higher level of precision, resulting in lesser disposal of materials and hence minor restoration. Since the process doesn't involve the use of chemicals, it is very eco-friendly.

Reduced Potential Damage

With vacuum excavation services, excavation can be done around underground utilities and infrastructure much more efficiently without worrying about any damage. The debris and soil can also be efficiently removed from the site. The high-pressure water used in the process is enough to penetrate the soil and dirt without damaging surrounding buildings or underground supplies.

Better Productivity

The traditional excavation method requires hard manual labour and many staff, particularly if you are excavating a large area. As a result, the job is very demanding, whether with drills, shovels, or large equipment such as excavators and backhoes. By utilizing vacuum excavation services, the process becomes twice as efficient, leading to better overall productivity.

Increased Time Efficiency

Vacuum excavation is a much quicker process as it lets vacuum machines and hydro jets do most of the work. Thanks to the latest equipment and techniques, the excavation process can be done in half the time required by other traditional excavation methods. Not only does this help to reduce the unnecessary costs of labour, but it also improves the time frame for the excavation project.

Cost-Effective

The vacuum excavation process is an efficient and safe solution for site excavation, no matter the project's scope. Traditional excavation methods can take days to expose utilities, increasing the project's cost. Vacuum excavation companies utilize the best equipment and staff to ensure increased productivity, efficiency, safety, and cost-effectiveness.

Whether you need to dig specific size holes into the ground, flush lines, or blow culverts out, you will find hiring vacuum excavation services very beneficial for your project. However, it is vital to remember that all the above-listed benefits mean nothing if you don't use a reliable vacuum excavation service. So, it is highly recommended that you take the time to research the companies in your area and choose the best one based on your specific requirements.

Contact Sure Search and ask about our vacuum excavation service before you cause unnecessary damage.

Harbor Freight Backhoe moving heavy logs

Harbor Freight Backhoe moving heavy logs

Testing out the harbor freight backhoe moving heavy logs from culvert, the welded thumb comes in super helpful. I’m not (more…)

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A Life of Riley Part 2: The Building That Had A Grudge Against Furniture Or Something ch 5

Chapter 4

V

If you were desperately looking for an upside in this stupid goddamned mess that we had gotten ourselves into, like we were, the fact that Riley showed up with the blueprints and the coveralls and an explanation before the backhoe started tearing up the lawn and the sidewalk and half the garage access would count as a small blessing.  It was a real, real, real small one, though, because we barely had time to get changed and get down to the machine room before the heavy construction equipment started off on a tear practically right under our windows.  "Riley, is that your bulldozer?" I asked, pulling my hair back into a ponytail and tucking the end into the collar of my cheap gray jumpsuit.  "Because I thought we were just going to be working here in the machine room – why is the whole front of the condos getting torn up?"

"Partly," Riley said, spreading out a large-scale architectural blueprint of the complex across a wilting half-ping-pong table that Remy and Yuping had salvaged from somewhere, "because without a big-ass distraction out front, people might notice the stuff we're loading down in here, partly because we need to reuse the culvert that the stream we're moving is routed through right now, and partly because daylighting that dumb creek that got buried for this place makes the perfect cover story for all the other construction we're going to be doing.  Just think about it for a second: this place is losing money hand over fist, and what gets all those hipsters that hang around the architecture school wishing they had the math scores to get in or the daddy's-money to major in urban planning wetter faster than daylighting every random inch-wide open sewer anyone can dig up on a map from a hundred years ago?  It's exactly the kind of twee-ass friggin thing that developers would lean into to save a place like this, and they're going to be dragging in so much crap to build up their Disneyland landscaped storm drain that people won't pay any attention to a few more crates into the machine room." Riley traced out the proposed daylighting course, and marked how it connected to the existing culvert – a culvert that as far as I could tell was running nearly under our feet here.

"Okay," I said, "and if they're going to get a nice water feature out of it I can see why the developers would be paying for it, but there was something else there – why the culvert?  What do we need that for?" There was a clatter behind me, and I turned around to see Leo bent over, breathing hard, a regiment's worth of picks and sledgehammers and stuff with their heads on the floor and their handles leaned on his stooped shoulders; behind him, Carolína was staggering down the stairs with an armload of what looked like crowbars and mortar-spreaders.

"You're not going to like this, Saj," Riley said through a grim-set jaw, "but this one is going to be friggin complicated.  I thought when we first took this that it was going to be another hyperfold, like that accident with the disnub phlogistihedron or whatever that Carolína got stuck in last term – and that some idiot was running around on a collapsed infinite lattice and it only looked like someone was messing around with the state space.  In that case, it woulda been simple: you get someone into it, someone like you or Remy who can throw a punch if they gotta, and then mark out the anchor points, use the dislocator to reachieve continuity, and the friggin hyperfold will unfold itself – three-space doesn't want to get crumpled up like that, so if you just get the right quantum hammer out, shit will tend to fix itself." I nodded, but tentatively; I remembered that stupid thing with Riley's old wackadoodle roommate and his impossible origami polyhedron, and how Carolína had gotten stuck outside of reachable three-dimensional space for most of three days when she went back over – and now that was supposed to have been the easy, simple, normal case of whatever Riley was now considering to be 'complicated'.  This was going to suck – even worse than it did already.

"From everything that I've been able to pick up around here, though," Riley said, tossing a welding glove hand to hand to vaguely imply the room and the condo complex around us, "there's nothing folded up here.  Now, that doesn't mean there's no fold – all it means is that I can't judge the fold, which points to a fold, if there is one, which is still the simplest friggin explanation, that involves the fucking q axis instead of or in addition to some subset of x-y-z that isn't the full set and thus detectable by normal three-space physics tools." Riley snorted and threw the glove onto the table.  "So at a minimum we have, in that case, an agency that either can make a fold in q, which we can't, or an agency that's gotten stuck in a maybe-accidental fold in q and is twiddling its goddamned thumbs there eating people's microwaves."  Riley turned back to me; probably Leo and Carolína had already gotten this spiel while I was struggling with how these coveralls were cut in the hips.  "I'm doing a poll: what do you call an agent that can move in q?"

I gave Riley a look.  "Everyone moves in q – we're all moving in q right now."

"We're moving along q, and that makes all the difference in the world."  Riley picked up the glove again; there was some kind of a beeping upstairs, like someone was backing a heavy truck in.  "We move along q through hyperspace with all the rest of the x-y-z complex; I'm talking an agent, potentially an intelligent agent, that moves in time like we can go left-right forward-back up-down.  If something is taking the lamps and couches, rather than them falling through holes in three-space – which, I remind you, don't exist as such because whatever fold there is or isn't here isn't hitting all three of our normal axes – then that's per se a higher-order intelligent being. Not more intelligent, not superman-superior – but something that's as different from us and as alien to our way of thinking as we are to a goddamned pencil sketch."

"So you do think there's a ghost or a god or a demon here," I said, not sure what to believe.

Riley shrugged.  "Call it what you like; that's what I was asking for. But a rose by any other name would still got its needs: and that's what we need the culvert for, the culvert and these tools – and Remy and Yuping, when they can start getting goddamned down here with the dislocator assemblies."  Riley bent over, squinting around and up the stairs; the guys obviously still hadn't unloaded those parts from the truck or whatever.

"I'm sorry, Riley," I said again, "but I still don't follow."

Riley gave up on the stairs and sauntered back to the parabola valleys of the dying ping-pong table.  "So after I reasoned out that we had a probably higher-order entity here, something with agency in q, I did some thinking; you should never, when you run into a new observation or a new principle in science, assume that just because this is the first time somebody noticed it, it's the first time in the history of the goddamned universe that it's happened.  So I thought, okay, we've got a higher-order agency here, and we obviously can't credit everything in folklore because humans are huge liars all the damn time and stories spread, but what do people pretend to know about these kinds of intelligences?  Gods or demons or spirits or ghosts or what the hell ever all over the world, you strip off all the paint and stage dressing, and what do you got?  That you can make deals with them under the right circumstances, and they like it when you give them stuff.  Offerings, sacrifices; there's always a way to cut a deal. So what I'm betting is that whatever's stuck in this fold we can't find or unfold here will respond within those parameters once we get it nailed down, and that we can offer it a better deal than it got from whatever orisha got evicted to put up your little party pad."

"You're going to renegotiate the demon's contract?" I asked; this was if anything getting less clear.  "How?  With what?"

"How, yeah, I'm still working on that," Riley said, scratching at a stray neck pimple.  "We'll cross that bridge when we come to it."  A super reassuring sentence from someone who'd just admitted the likelihood of higher-dimensional intelligences.  "But with what, that's fuckin' easy.  Everything back to the book of goddamned Genesis is on board: these things want live flesh instead of dead planks.  There's no way this thing's going to keep eating its last contract's endtables and TV stands when we can pipe it straight in grinckles." Grinckles.  Again.  Of course.  The culvert, the stream – the fish had been mostly driven off campus, but not out of town, and now were were going to be driving them in here into the basement to buy off a demon.  I took a moment, squatting down, double facepalming like that was going to help, as the top of the stairs rattled and the others moved out of the way to let Yuping and Remy start bringing the quantum-state dislocator down piece by piece.

The first parts down, though, weren't the familiar controls or even the containment-cell panels that had been the biggest culprits in how there was no space in the lab for the longest time.  It was me and Carolína putting them together as the guys dragged them down, and what was emerging out of the greasy machine parts was, at least to start, a gigantic bank of extremely-high-voltage pass-through capacitors: a power supply assembly that was more on the scale of a railgun to launch spaceships than anything we'd ever built in the lab…yet.  "Riley," I asked, locking the ears of a mains plug in place and then turning the screws down to make sure that the connection was secure, "is this really safe?  This is a lot more potential power than we've ever put through the dislocator before – are you sure this is going to work, and not just melt down all around us?"

Riley squinted through the eyepiece of a short-legged transit, checking the level or the range to the back wall or something, and stood up with a snort.  "If it slags, it slags; not that much we can do about it."  Remy and Leo were coming down the stairs with a tall, heavy chunk of steel and glass – one of the panels for the dislocator's containment cell – and Riley moved out of the way, motioning them towards the far wall.  "One of the things about the physical universe, though, is that if you want something out of it, you can generally do it if you dump in enough energy to get it past its moment of inertia.  I'm betting that there's a fold somewhere around in here, like I was saying, and if we can throw enough giga-electron-volts through it, we can pin it back a little, even if it's partway on q. Yeah, it's not exact, but if we wanted to be sure and theoretically perfect and delicate with our energy budgets, we'd be up sipping tea with the string-theory bozos in Wetmore Hall.  This is Applied Physics – as the founder of our discipline said back a couple thousand years ago, give us a lever and a place to stand and we'll move the world.  It's just that this lever, if we really rigged it up for pure throughput, could pull enough juice to brown out the friggin Three Gorges."  Riley paused for a moment, admiring the technological terror we were putting back together in our condo's basement.

"But yeah, the contain on this is probably going to be pretty sloppy.  If you had anything important, you'd probably want to put in a Faraday cage – like up on campus, though; you'd probably need a 150-millimeter lead castle down here.  And it would've been smarter to do it yesterday, before I started pulsing around with the small unit off the truck; anyway, just worry about getting those capacitor cells lined up and drawing out of the mains.  We're not going to be able to make necessary throughput off the power the city can get us through those wires – what we get from the power supplies is easily ninety percent of our uptime."  Behind Riley, Leo and Yuping were settling another containment panel in place; I could be wrong, but it sure looked like Riley's big plan for finding or contacting this demon was to ramp up as much power through the quantum-state dislocator as possible and hope it wandered into the beam.  That was fine as a dumb hypothesis went, but the last time that we tried to overvolt the dislocator like that, something in the power supply failed, and nearly burned a hole in the floor – and that was with only one of these mega-capacitance cells.

"Right, if the shielding's up and all the power's drawing, then as soon as we can get the friggin beam housing down, Sajitha and Carolína will get it coupled in and check all the connections and software while Remy and Leo go knock a hole in the culvert and wedge the goddamn fish grate in.  Bira, that dude that Sandra's got running the construction crew, says they've got water into the surface cut; that's all we need, the fish'll go up that way until we can get the lures and crap in." Riley flipped through some papers on top of the blueprints, checking on something.  "Yuping and I will bring in the beam as soon as the generator head is on line, then Yuping, you have to go and get the rest of the stuff together."  Yuping nodded, but with a roll of his eyes, like whatever that 'rest of the stuff' Riley was putting on him was so dumb and unnecessary that even he would push back on it.  I raised my hand.

"Riley, if we need to move fast I can help dig.  We've already gotten all the power connections together, and I'm buffer than Leo, and he's nearly as good as Carolína at equipment ops.  Wouldn't that be easier?"

Riley shut me down with an upheld hand. "No, Saj, I need you in here to bring the beam in, in case I have to hop on something else while Yuping's out collecting the crutches and our fish specialist."  Yeah, that was pretty goddamned stupid, and it totally explained why he didn't want to do it.  "Just do your job and get the equipment up and running; you can let Leo go and get sweaty with Remy just this once.  You'll have all the time you like once this shit's done and you can be sure the mattress isn't going to bamf out from under you." I gritted my teeth as Riley turned back away to check something in the containment panels; Remy's eyes met mine as he and Leo set down the main beam generator module, and he quickly turned away before coming around to a half-look back.

"Say, thanks, Sajitha, even – I –"

"Save it," Riley cut across, pointing at the pile of rock-breaking tools randomly stacked around the foot of the stairs.  "Hands, move; you've got two feet of concrete between the wall and the culvert to get chunked out.  I need live fish and a hot beam, and until we got those, you can keep your hands to yourselves and your parts in your pants."  Remy took up a pick in his left hand and a sledgehammer almost effortlessly in his right; he looked back at me – Riley was checking something else on the blueprints and talking up at probably the construction foreman by phone – as he turned for the other door towards the room closest to the culvert, but I stayed ducked down, working on hooking up the main dislocator module, not looking for his gaze.  It wasn't that there was anything there – not that there hadn't been all the way along, which was nothing, of course.  There wasn't anything wrong about wanting to watch Remy's muscles working, back and shoulders and arms slinging a pick to smash through and break the rock apart, to chip in on my own controlling a heavy hammer and show him that I could handle myself, handle some of the physical work once in a while; nothing that ought to get Carolína smiling like that at least.

I closed up the interconnect and booted the dislocator controls off the on-board battery, making sure that it wouldn't be exposed to the capacitor cells until Riley was ready to go for the big time.  If this stupid thing could just work, and solve the appliance disappearances, and additionally not set everything on fire and wipe every hard drive for eight blocks around; if it could just work correctly without somehow getting even stranger, then Riley and Carolína and whoever could ride me and Remy up and down and back and forward about whatever dumb not-happening relationship they liked.  If it could just work.

Chapter 6

Alat yang Dibutuhkan dalam Konstruksi Beton

Alat kerja yaitu salah satu komponen inti sebuah proses proyek konstruksi selain material/bahan dan tenaga kerja. Kebutuhan ragam dan jumlah alat kerja ini bermacam-macam-variasi tergantung dari apa saja lingkup kerja proyek secara keseluruhan. Umumnya untuk pengerjaan proyek konstruksi gedung bertingkat tinggi dengan basement ada beberapa keperluan tipe alat kerja termasuk alat berat. Apa saja tipe alat kerja atau alat berat yang dibutuhkan untuk pekerjaan hal yang demikian? Alat berat juga bisa diklasifikasikan ke dalam beberapa kelompok. Kategori ini merupakan golongan fungsional alat berat dan golongan operasional alat berat. Kategori Alat Berat Berdasarkan dimaksud dengan golongan fungsional alat yakni pembagian alat hal yang demikian berdasarkan fungsi-fungsi utama alat. Keadaan fungsinya alat berat dapatdibagi atas berikut ini Alat Pengolah Lahan

Apabila lahan proyek kadang-kadang masih lahan orisinil yang harus dipersiapkan sebelum lahan tersebut mulai diolah. Walaupun pada lahan masih terdapat semak atau pepohonan maka pembukaan lahan dapat dijalankan dengan mengaplikasikan dozer. Untuk pengangkatan lapisan tanah paling atas dapat diterapkan scraper. Jenis untuk penyusunan permukaan supaya rata selain dozer bisa diterapkan juga motor grader. Bulldozer bisa dibedakan menjadi dua merupakan mengaplikasikan roda kelabang (Crawler Tractor Dozer) dan buldoser yang memakai roda karet (Wheel Tractor Dozer). Pada dasarnya buldoser memakai traktor sebagai daerah dudukan penggagas utama, namun biasanya traktor hal yang demikian dilengkapi dengan sudu sehingga bisa berfungsi sebagai buldoser yang bisa untuk menggusur tanah. Buldoser diaplikasikan sebagai alat pensupport tanah lurus ke dapan ataupun ke samping, tergantung pada sumbu kendaraannya. Untuk pekerjaan di rawa dipakai variasi Buldoser khusus yang disebut Swamp Bulldozer. Alat Penggali Sebagian alat ini diketahui juga dengan istilah excavator. Jikalau alat berat diaplikasikan untuk menggali tanah dan batuan. Menurut termasuk didalam golongan ini merupakan front shovel, backhoe, dragline, dan clamshell. Biasa di gunakan pada pengerjaan pemancangan pipa tiang pancang beton. Alat Pengangkut Material Crane termasuk di dalam kategori alat pengangkut material, karena alat ini dapat mengangkut material secara vertical dan kemudian memindahkannya secara horizontal pada jarak jangkau yang relatif kecil. Untuk pengangkutan material lepas (loose material) dengan jarak tempuh yang relatif jauh, alat yang diaplikasikan bisa berupa belt, truck dan wagon. Alat-alat ini membutuhkan alat lain yang menolong memuat material ke dalamnya. Alat-alat ini biasa digunakan untuk mengangkut beton pracetak dari tempat produksi ke tempat proyek seperti box culvert, sheetpile beton, dlsb. Alat Pemindahan Material Menurut termasuk dalam kategori ini merupakan alat yang umumnya tak diterapkan sebagai alat transportasi namun diaplikasikan untuk memindahkan material dari satu alat ke alat yang lain. Loader dan dozer adalah alat pemindahan material.

Alat Pemadat Sedangkan pada suatu lahan dikerjakan penimbunan maka pada lahan tersebut perlu dikerjakan pemadatan. Pemadatan juga dijalankan untuk pembuatan jalan, bagus untuk jalan tanah dan jalan dengan perkerasan lentur ataupun perkerasan kaku. Berdasarkan termasuk sebagai alat pemadat yakni tamping roller, pneumatictiredroller, compactor, dan lain-lain. pembuatan landasan pesawat terbang, jalan raya, tanggul sungai dan sebagainya tanah perlu dipadatkan semaksimal mungkin. Pemadatan tanah dalam skala kecil pemadatan tanah dapat dilakukan dengan sistem menggenangi dan memperkenankan tanah menyusust dengan sendirinya, namun metode ini perlu waktu lama dan hasilnya kurang sempurna; agar tanah benar-benar mampat secara sempurna dibutuhkan metode mekanis untuk pemadatan tanah. Read the full article

Road Works Method Statment

Road Works Method Statment

  This road construction method statement shall apply to all roadworks. The purpose of this statement on the work method is to provide general guidance for the construction of roadwork. Description of the herein specified procedures can be adjusted in compliance with existing ground and project site requirements. Below is a list of equipment and tools that are required for construction work: Diamond Cutter Backhoe Back pusher Thermometer Paving Set Tipper Lorries Total Station Vibratory roller Leveling Instrument Below is the list of materials that we need for road construction work: Sand Asphaltic Concrete Binder Course ACBC 28 Asphaltic Concrete Wearing Course ACBC 20 Crusher run Bituminous Tack Coat Bituminous Prime Coat Road Construction Method Statement It is necessary for both the horizontal and the vertical alignment to be joint inspection and confirmed by the Consultant before pavement construction can be allowed. Make sure the surveyor uses the appropriate instrument total station and dumping level. Also ensure that the on-site mark is visible and properly protected during construction work. Pavement construction works may only begin on site upon approval and acceptance of the sub-grade layer. The Contractor shall re-check the alignment and all dip pegs and confirm with the Consultant prior to permanent work. Sequence For Road Construction Works Below is a typical sequence that can be followed for the construction of roads on the site: 1- Preparation & laying 100 mm granular material sub-base 2- Laying the 200 mm crusher on the road base 3- Preparation and laying of 60 mm Asphaltic Concrete Binder Course 4- The 40 mm Asphalt Concrete Wearing Course Preparation of Formation To Receive Road Pavement Make sure that piped or box culvert services, utilities and ducts (if any) or any other drainage work that may have an impact on the work are completed prior to the preparation of the training. If this step is not complete, the planning shall be carried out immediately before the sub-base is laid. All materials for subbase, road base, ACBC and ACWC shall be sent to the nominated laboratory and approved to carry out the necessary tests and to comply with the technical specifications. The surface of the formation shall be substantially uniform in density throughout its entire width and shall comply with the compaction density requirements. Trial compaction to be carried out in order to determine the degree of compaction indicated as required in the presence of a supervisory consultant for road construction activities. Other road-crossing utilities, such as water mains and cables, shall be protected prior to the operation of the road base. For example, use a lid for u-drain and G.I. Duct for cables. It shall be trimmed to conform to the lines, the camber, the grades and the typical cross sections shown in the drawings of the roadworks or as directed by the road construction consultant. The soil sample to be sent to the laboratory for the MDD test for the comparison of the degrees of compaction. To perform the test compaction required to determine the pass roller. Level pegging to be performed at an appropriate distance for inspection. Soil Formation: Where soft spots and unsuitable materials have been found, they shall be removed and filled back with approved suitable material and compacted in accordance with the agreed rolling pattern. Sub-Base Procedure The subbase material is hard, durable and clean. It is a granular material and is free of organic material, clay balls and any other deleterious substances. The materials will be delivered to the site by tipper trucks and spread out and leveled by means of a back pusher for the full width of the pavement. The material shall be filled and compacted to the required thickness as specified in the approved road construction drawing. The subbase layer is compacted using a vibrating roller to achieve relative dry density as per specification. The alignment, level and surface regularity shall be checked in accordance with the technical specifications. The final surface of the granular subbase layer shall be regulated and trimmed to the required level by the rear pusher and shall fall within the specified vertical tolerances. Compacting work will be done using a roller compactor. Field Density Test (FDT) or CBR Subgrade Test shall be performed as specified. Laying Base Material The crusher road base to be placed on the top of the sub base shall consist of crushed aggregates laid in layers each of a thickness not exceeding 200 mm and shall give the specified total compacted thickness and width, the correct line and the levels shown in the road construction drawings. The material shall be crushed by hard, durable particles or fragments of rock crushed to the correct size, well graded and within the following grading limits specified in the specification. Care must be taken to prevent the material from segregating into large and fine fractions . Bituminous Prime Coat & Tack Coat The approved bituminous prime coat, which is submitted by means of a material submission, shall be applied to the top of the finished crusher base course prior to the laying of the asphalt concrete binder course. The surface shall be cleaned immediately before the application of the prime coat. The bitumen shall be applied by means of a distributor at an appropriate rate, but not less than 0,435 liters per square meter. SS1K is used for prime coat while RS1K is used for tack coat. The surface of the dense asphalt-concrete binder shall be cleaned immediately prior to the application of the approved tack coat. The bitumen shall be applied by means of a distributor at an appropriate rate, but not less than 0,35 liters per square meter. The prime coat shall be sprayed well in advance and leave for 24 hours for curing. Asphaltic Concrete Surfacing The surface shall be two courses and shall consist of asphalt-concrete binder and asphalt-concrete, bearing the course and laying in accordance with BS 1621. After compaction, the two courses shall be constructed to the width and thickness as shown in the drawing. Course Aggregate: The course aggregate shall be hard unweathered, durable, clean crushed rock, angular in shape, free from dust and tested in accordance with the methods described in B.S. 812. 812. Fine aggregate: The fine aggregate shall be approved as a clean natural bank, river, dune, pit or quarry sand produced in a secondary plant. They shall consist of hard, non-absorbent sharp grains and shall be free from clay, loam, loosely bound aggregates and other foreign matter. Filler: Filler shall be either Portland Cement complying with B.S. 12 or limestone, having a bulk density in Toluene Asphaltic Concrete Binder Course, ACBC 28 ACBC 28 mix will follow the approved mix design & trial mix. The aggregates shall be surface dry and must be mixed at an appropriate temperature. The mixed material as delivered to the laying site shall be between 140 degrees Celsius to 160 degrees Celsius. Road Construction Laying Procedure 1- Work shall begin on site upon approval and acceptance of the road base. 2- The surface to be covered by the asphalt-concrete bonding process shall be free of all damage, loose materials and standing water by sweeping. 3- Prime coat of approved bitumen emulsion shall be applied as specified on the prepared surface prior to the layout of the asphalt binder course. 4- The asphaltic concrete binder shall be plant mixed with approved bitumen content. 5- The approved asphalt concrete binder track shall be delivered to the site by tipper trucks. In order to prevent heat loss, the mixture is covered by tarpaulin. 6- The asphaltic concrete binder course must be laid by a paver in single layer. 7- Compaction shall be performed by means of the specified equivalent type of compactors. Rolling shall always begin from the bottom to the top of the carriageway. The minimum rolling temperature is 80 degrees Celsius. 8- The surface of the asphalt-concrete binder shall be finished in line and grade as required by the drawings. Asphaltic Concrete Wearing Course ACWC20 ACWC 20 mix will follow the approved design mix and test mix. The aggregates shall be dry on the surface and shall be mixed at an appropriate temperature. The mixed material delivered to the laying site shall be between 140 degrees Celsius and 160 degrees Celsius. Work shall begin on-site upon approval and acceptance of the course of the asphalt concrete binder. The surface to be covered with asphalt concrete shall be free from all damage, loose materials and standing water by sweeping. Tack coat of approved bitumen emulsion shall be applied as specified on the prepared surface prior to the asphalt loading. The asphalt concrete to be worn shall be mixed with bitumen content. The approved asphalt wear route shall be delivered to the site by tipper trucks. In order to prevent heat loss, the mixture is covered by tarpaulin. The asphaltic concrete wearing course must be laid by a paver in single layer. Compaction should be carried out using the specified equivalent type of compactors. Rolling should always commence from the lower to the higher side of the carriageway. The minimum rolling temperature shall be 125 degrees Celsius. The surface of asphaltic concrete wearing course shall be finished to the line and grade as required by the Drawings. Upon completion of the laying and compaction, a joint survey shall be carried out to verify compliance with the specified requirement. Once all of the above works have been completed, the supervisor shall ensure that the site is tidyed up and that all excess materials are disposed of away from the site. Bituminous materials Transportation Bituminous materials are transported in clean vehicles and covered when in transit or waiting for tipping. Every precaution must be taken to avoid the separation of mixed materials and to ensure that they are not contaminated with foreign matter. In order to maintain satisfactory temperatures of the materials in transit and to prevent undue loss of heat, appropriate precautions must be taken to ensure that the materials are properly protected. Laying Procedure Supply the mixed materials continuously to the pavers and lay without delay as soon as possible after arrival on the laying site. Where practicable, road pavement materials having bitumen as a binder shall be spread, leveled and tamped by approved self-propelled pavements capable of laying to the required width, profile, camber or cross-section. Immediately after any course has been established and before rolling is started, the surface shall be checked and any defects and irregularities in alignment, grade or texture corrected by the addition or removal of the mixture Compaction Procedure The laid material shall be compacted as soon as possible, as soon as possible, without causing undue displacement of the mixed material. The rollers are to be fitted with beeper. The materials shall be rolled in longitudinal direction from the sides of the carriageway to the center of the carriageway. For compaction, two times rolls pass by non-vibrate compactor prior to two times rolls pass by vibrate compactor. The roller shall weigh not less than 12 tonnes. Eight times rolls pass compaction shall be carried out by Tyre roller. The last compaction shall be done by non-vibrate compactor. Health Safety and Environment Compliance Safety inductions to be made to all new workers involved in this activity and safety toll box meetings shall be held every day to remind workers of safety concerns. All workers shall be provided with PPE (Personal Protective Equipment) and shall be worn on-site at all times. The Safety Manager/Security Supervisor shall ensure that all workers wear all the safety equipment provided. All workers are advised to report any accident or injury to the supervisor. Proper and adequate provision of temporary signage and barricades for diversions and temporary road haulage as necessary (if applicable). All workers shall educate on good environmental management practices and well disciplined to environment. The garbage bin shall be provided at the working area and Supervisor shall ensure its must be collected regularly and disposed off at the approved dumpsite. All workers shall ensure that all tools and equipment machinery are in good condition to avoid any oil leakage that could harm to environment.

  المصدر : Road Works Method Statment

Backhoe Loader: The Definitive Guide And Operation

The backhoe loader is a single unit consisting of three construction equipment. We also call it as “Two Busy.” During construction, the operator can change the working end by simply turning the seat. The main job of the backhoe loader is to excavate the ditch to arrange the pipes and underground cables, lay a foundation for the building and establish a drainage system.

  Introduction

The main reason for compact backhoe loader to appear on all sites is that various projects require excavation and handling of dirt. Many other tools can do the same thing, but the backhoe loader can greatly improve efficiency. At the same time, compared with large single-function equipment (such as crawler excavators), front loader backhoe is more compact. And they can move around on various construction sites and even run on the road.

Although some small wheel loaders and excavator equipment may be smaller than backhoe loaders, they can save a lot of time and money if the contractor is carrying out both excavation and loading operations.

Component

A backhoe loader includes powertrain, loading end, front end loader backhoe and stable foot. Each device is designed for a specific type of work. On a typical construction site, the excavator operator will need to use all three components to complete the job.

Powertrain

The core structure of the backhoe loader is the powertrain. It includes a turbocharged diesel engine, deep wheel tires and a cab with driver controls (steering wheel, brakes, etc.).

Loader

Loaders can perform many different tasks. You can think of it as a large coffee spoon. It is generally not used for excavation, but we operate it to pick up and carry large amounts of loose material. In addition, operators usually use it to push the soil like a plow or to level the ground. The operator can control the loader while driving the tractor.

Front end loader backhoe

Front end loader backhoe (Excavator) is the main tool for backhoe loaders. We control it to dig hard, hard materials (often soil) or to lift heavy objects (such as sewer boxes and culverts ). The excavator can lift these materials and stack them on the side of the hole. In short, an excavator is an extremely powerful huge arm or finger. It consists of three parts: a boom, an arm, and a bucket.

Stable foot

The stable foot is very important for the safe operation of backhoe loaders. When a tractor loader backhoe is digging, the stable foot can relieve the pressure for the ground. On the other hand, the load or downward pressure from digging will damage tires, and the entire backhoe loader will bounce up without a stable foot.

Classification

By Structure

In terms of structure, there are two types of loader backhoe: with side shifting frame and without side shifting frame.

The main feature of the first one is that the operator can move the excavation device sideways to carry out special site operations. It has a lower center of gravity in the transportation state, which is conducive to loading and transportation.

The disadvantages are: due to the limitation of the structure, most of the supporting feet are straight, and the distance between the two supporting points is small, so the stability of the tractor loader backhoe is very poor during excavation.

This kind of backhoe loader focuses on loading, which is more widely used in Europe.

The second front end loader backhoe

Safe operation technology

#1. Before excavating the loader, the bucket mouth and legs of the loading bucket should be fixed to the ground so that the front and rear wheels are slightly off the ground and the level of the fuselage is maintained to improve the mechanical stability. Before excavating work, the bucket should be turned over so that the bucket is facing the ground, and the front wheel is slightly off the ground, stepping on and locking the brake pedal, and then extending the legs to keep the rear wheel off the ground and maintain the horizontal position.

#2. If the boom is suddenly stopped in the middle of the boom, the impact force caused by its inertia will damage the excavation device and damage the stability of the machine and cause a tripping accident. During operation, the joystick should be stable and must not move abruptly; it must not be braked midway when the boom is lowered. High-speed gears must not be used during excavation. The rotation should be smooth and must not be impacted and used to tamper the sides of the groove. The buffer block at the rear end of the boom should be kept intact; if it is damaged, it should be repaired before use. When shifting, the excavating device should be in the intermediate transport state, the legs should be folded, and the lifting arm can be lifted.

#3. Before loading, the swivel mechanism of the excavating device should be placed in the middle position and fixed with a full plate. The low gear should be used during the loading process. The float position of the valve should not be used when the bucket lift arm is lifted. The hydraulic control system’s distribution valve has the first four valves and the rear four valves. The first four valves operate the legs, lifting arms and loading buckets, etc., for the leg extension and loading operations; the rear four valves operate the bucket, swing, and move. Arms and handles for swinging and digging operations. Mechanical power performance and hydraulic system capabilities are not allowed or possible for simultaneous loading and excavation operations.

#4. When the first four valves are working, the rear four valves must not work at the same time. In the travel or work, in addition to the cab outside, backhoe loaders are prohibited anywhere or take the stand personnel.

#5. The general excavator loader uses the wheeled tractor as the main machine, and the loading and unloading devices are added before and after, so that the mechanical length and weight are increased. Therefore, high-speed or sharp turns should be avoided during driving to prevent accidents. Do not slide in neutral when going downhill. When the hydraulic piston rod of the bucket and the handle is kept in the fully extended position, the bucket can be brought close to the boom, and the excavating device is in the shortest state, which is advantageous for traveling. When driving, the legs should be fully retracted, the excavating device should be fixed firmly, the loading device should be lowered, and the bucket and bucket hydraulic piston rod should be fully extended.

#6. After converting into a backhoe loader, the weight of the wheeled tractor has increased a lot. In order to reduce the damage of the tire under heavy load, the rear wheel should be away from the ground during parking. If you need to park for a long time, prop up the legs to make the rear wheels far from the ground.

Written by R. Ann Parris on The Prepper Journal.

It doesn’t take long to start hearing about shipping containers once you’re in the preparedness world. They commonly get brought up as buried bunkers and cellars, although there are some factors to consider on that front. Shipping containers also feature in the tiny house movement, as well as portable and resilient homes and recycling-minded markets. They have structural uses beyond homes, though, and some aspects that can make them especially attractive to preppers.

The most common sizes are 8’ and 9.5’ tall standard and high cubes, and 20’ and 40’ lengths, although seacans come in one-third and half heights and run from 8’ square cubes all the way out to 53’.

The strength in a shipping container comes from the corners and edges – the frame. Just like a cardboard box is more likely to puncture, bulge, and buckle along the flat sides than the edges and corners, the actual roof and walls of a shipping container aren’t as robust. They’re still mostly made from good steel, so we’re not talking fragile here, but they’re not load bearing.

Bulletproof Buildings (Not)

One of the things that gets passed around about shipping containers is their resistance to small arms fire. Yea and nay on that front. They are made more to be weather resistant than bullet resistant.

A .223/5.56 green tip and FMJ will pass through, as will penetrator .308/7.62 and .357 at ranges of 50 and 100 yards. None of our tests went through both sides, but the green tips did put some significant dings on the opposite wall. The connexes did stop soft tip, JHP, and round nose .45 ACP, .38 Special, .22WMR (rifle & revolver), and .30 Carbine at 50 and 100 yard ranges.

Steel T goose loads with an IM choke and #2 buck had some serious bulges at 25-30 and 50 yards, and a couple of shots had cracks around the bottom rim of the dings. It could have been the container or the specific manufacturer loads, but I wouldn’t feel real comfy saying a connex would stop them.

It was a spur-of-the-moment opportunity, so we were limited to the ammo and platforms immediately on hand. Sadly, in our universal giddiness, not even grandpa or the teenagers thought about pictures.

(Bonus: Should it ever become relevant, shovels are near-useless armor, even a trenching scoop. Total bunk. However, surprisingly lightweight backhoe buckets and snow plow blades will completely stop or divert even high-velocity green-tip rifle rounds. Cover behind those.)

If you want to test something specific see if any of the connex or metal scrap dealers near you have chunks or doors – it’s way cheaper than buying and moving a whole shipping container. Otherwise, aim for the sections you plan to cut out anyway.

There’s lots that can be done to reinforce – both bulky like sandbags, water barrels, and filled-in old tires, and less bulky like taking apart another container for the sheets. Still, if protection is the deciding factor between connexes and something else, make sure to add the associated costs of that when you weigh it out.

Buried Bunkers & Cellars

There’s a few things to consider about burying a shipping container. One, it’s going to most likely need ventilation, but they’re not air tight. Two, it requires serious reinforcing. Remember, the sides and roof don’t actually contribute to their weight-bearing capacity. Three, connexes are designed to be ocean-going and exposed, but not to be constantly inundated.

Soils hold enough moisture for that to require some additional work. Know the wet-season water table where you’re digging, for sure (for anything). It’ll affect soil movement, which can slowly twist whatever’s buried. As the soil and any pad shifts over time, the angles of pressure will change, too. Snow loads, tree roots, and the potential of somebody driving over it also have to be considered.

There’s some information about burying without enough precautions here https://containerauction.com/read-news/what-happens-when-you-bury-a-shipping-container and some steps that can prevent water and load damage in the video at the bottom here http://www.goodshomedesign.com/shipping-container-as-an-underground-shelter/2/.

Depending on the purpose and size you’re going for, getting something that’s already built to be moisture tight, that’s meant to be buried and designed to take all kinds of loads and conditions, may be a more cost and labor effective option. Steel and concrete cisterns, box culverts, and round culvert have some of the same ready-to-drop aspects. Building with CMU and pouring a slab ceiling is also an option.

You’ll also want to check the hauling prices in your area – for containers and their alternatives – and make sure you have access for crane works as well as the truck if you’re hoisting (you’re probably hoisting for a bunker, but compare options). If you have to clear space, factor that into your project costs.

Housing

People of all walks are already using shipping containers for housing. While comfort may not be the driving factor in some preppers’ planning, it’s something that bears some consideration. Most connexes aren’t insulated particularly well. That drives up the real costs of owning a container home, both in today’s world and in the world(s) we’re preparing to face.

With some care in placement to increase shade and some decent ventilation, some of the heat issues can be mitigated, but heating in winter is pretty expensive. While each makes for a small area to heat, unless we insulate them – which eats up space, usually on the interior – or use something like a rocket stove connected to a thermal mass heater for a bedding or seating shelf – which is also going to eat up space – we’re going to have to heat more to keep the container warm.

One of the solutions I see proposed due to temperature are refrigerated containers. They cost about half again to twice as much as standard connexes the same size. Fridge boxes are already insulated and there’s already some venting in place that can help with cooling and warming the space, which saves labor and finding parts later. You do have to deal with their specialty flooring and the factory insulation is still eating up space. You also still have to heat or cool them to maintain comfort.

People manage with crappy, drafty cabins even in Siberia, but if you don’t have the funds for a good tent/cabin stove and enough natural resources to fuel it, even temperate areas can get downright chilly.

If you’re willing to live in camping conditions for the duration of a disaster (and potentially leading up to it) heat and cold can absolutely be countered. Still, it’s definitely something to consider if you’ve never lived in an RV, Airstream, plywood camping/trapper shack, GI tent, or older mobile home without climate control.

Maximized Storage

All of that isn’t to say I don’t like shipping containers. I actually love them. They’re more expensive than a prefab plywood or OSB shed, but they have their benefits and in my area, it’s not much more than trucking in a prefab shed with similar square footage.

They offer sturdy storage that does have ballistic resistance and strength against sudden-force hits from falling limbs and trees. They weigh enough to not get tossed around or lose roofs as often as lighter aluminum trailers or panel sheds. I’ve yet to see somebody bust a connex door with a kick or body slam, or the few good jerks I applied to a padlock latch out of frustration once (my key got stuck in the shed lock).

The strength of the frames means they can readily support roof spans. That lets us reap the storage space not only within the connexes, but also the area between two of them, or we can use a seacan for one side and only be supporting the other. Prefab roof trusses, roofing, and carports can make the expansions faster and easier or we can DIY it at a more budget-friendly price.

The other sides can be enclosed with fencing or with solid siding, be partly built up in block or brick, or be left entirely open. That inner area makes a shaded, more secure, and somewhat protected space depending on what we choose.

We can increase protection by aligning the connex(es) so they face winter winds and common summer storm directions broadside or quartered. Or, we can arrange them to maximize summer breezes to combat heat and dampness issues.

Livestock Sheds

People have successfully converted connexes into goat, cattle and donkey sheds and poultry coops. Several animal rescues and training facilities have converted them into kennels using gravel, pea stone, or concrete pads.

The non-insulated drawbacks of shipping containers also applies to livestock, though, and may limit options or require buffers. Another thing to consider is the flooring. Many have wood slat or plank floors. If wastes can’t be cleaned from those or if they stay too damp, they’ll rot. It’s not only a health risk from ammonia, mold, and mildew, but also possible injury busting through the floor.

Still, because the sheathing and slats aren’t structurally bearing, we can cut pretty much any holes we want in them. That means we can capitalize on sub-grade connexes (and their lower prices) if the damaged areas align with what we’d remove anyway.

Connex Compounds

A bunch of shipping containers make for a mighty expensive fence. Still, they’re pretty economical as a little inner castle wall. Even just one tier high they offer a somewhat elevated vantage point and they do have some ballistic protection – especially a shipping container that’s intact on the outer side, with storage on that exterior side and doors and windows on the interior.

Rooftops can be outfitted for water catchment and solar or wind collectors and easily accessed with step ladders. With some reinforcement they’re options for rooftop gardens that won’t face as much predation, and surface area for water storage. Those tanks offer increased passive drip range thanks to the elevation (water will reach further without pumps).

An inner courtyard might only be creating a safer recreation space and the mental health from being able to get outdoors during a lockdown scenario, only to increase our privacy, or increase protection for tools and equipment. The added protection also applies to fresh food sources. Even with 20’ containers that only leave a 12’ square inside, options include espalier or columnar fruit trees or shrubs, container or in-ground gardens (vertical to maximize space and production), a few rabbits and-or ducks, or an aquaponics setup.

Our inner courtyard might be surrounded entirely by containers, or containers might abut preexisting buildings. We can finish other sides or corner gaps with fencing, or we can plan to drag heavy vehicles to block them and create 360-degree cover. Other options for completing our walls include hugel mounds, raised beds, and water barrels. Small interior spaces can also be easily netted or roofed for more shade, weather protection, or privacy.

Shipping Containers

When we weigh the pros and cons of shipping containers, DIY construction, and other options like prefab sheds, RVs, and box culverts, we need to factor in not only the installation costs but also costs to provide access for the trucks that will be coming in and anything we need or want to add so it suits our purpose, such as ventilation, sump pumps, reinforcements, doors, or windows. Unless condition truly doesn’t matter, find a local-enough source that you can get your eyes on the exact shipping container you’re buying to avoid any potential problems.

A shipping container isn’t the right choice for everybody. However, standalone, roofed, or combined with each other or other structures, as-is, minor modifications, or subject to major renovation, they are a good choice for some – for far more than buried bunkers and cellars.

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Drainage project in Hutch, sewer work in Mac to start today

Work on drainage along several streets to the west of Hutchinson Regional Airport is scheduled to begin today. The project in the Homefield Subdivision will include sediment removal and elevation realignment to re-establish drainage pathways, repair or replacement of existing culverts and possible addition of new culverts if needed, installation of erosion control matting and re-seeding of disturbed areas and resurfacing of streets in that area. The work zone included Duffy and Cessna streets from 11th to north of 4th, and 6th through 10th Avenues from Duffy to west of Airport Road. There will increased truck traffic in that area along with some street closing as work progresses. Construction work in the area is expected to continue through July involving several city departments and CJ Backhoe.

This note from the city of McPherson... Anna Street between Myers and Barber will be closed staring today for a sewer line replacement project in the alley. Water and sewer service to residents in that area is going to be cut off for 1-2 days during construction between 8 AM and 4:30 PM with affected residents to be notified one day in advance.