Asymmetry is commonly seen in the headgear of modern even-toed ungulates, with natural genetic variation, developmental stress, and injuries during life sometimes causing very wonky-looking horns or antlers.
No living species have asymmetry as a standard trait, however – but some fossil ungulates did.
Ramoceros osborni was a relative of the modern pronghorn living during the mid-Miocene, about 13 million years ago, in open plain habitats of what is now the Midwest and Mountain states of the USA.
It was smaller than modern pronghorns, around 70cm tall at the shoulder (~2'4"), and males had long antler-like horns with three tines. Bizarrely, one of these horns was always at least twice the size of the other, with "left-horned" and "right-horned" individuals seeming to occur in equal numbers.
It's not clear how this asymmetry affected combat between males. Could they only properly lock horns with "opposite-sided" rivals, or did this uneven arrangement actually prevent physical fights and restrict them more to just visual displays?
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Meanwhile in China another Miocene ungulate known as Tsaidamotherium hedini also had strange headgear, with an enlarged right "horn" forming a helmet-like dome on top of its head. This species was featured here on the blog just year, so check out that post for more details about it.
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The pronghorn antelope is an interesting species of animal which many people often mistake as being a true species of antelope. The truth is, the pronghorn is not an antelope at all, although the nickname “pronghorn antelope” is understandable, as this animal looks strikingly similar to an antelope. True antelopes are a member of the bovine family, which also contains cattle, sheep, goats, and gazelles. The pronghorn is actually the last remaining member of the antilocapridae family. Let’s take a closer look at the lifestyle of the pronghorn antelope…
Organics were interesting to Optimus in their bodily functions. Being an archivist was in his programming, after all, so it was in his nature to want to learn more. But he also had an important job to do and thus never had much time for it.
Nevertheless, when he spotted you asleep on the couch, chest expanding and contracting with each breath you took, he couldn't help staring. It was intriguing to think that your brain didn't have to constantly activate and move your diaphragm muscles to make you breathe. It was simply an automatic thing. Meanwhile, his processor was constantly calculating and activating different parts of his body to function and move.
Sometime later, he found himself out at one of his favorite spots in the canyons with you. Snow covered the sandy ground in some places, and the air was cold. The sun was setting coloring the clouds in pastel oranges, pinks, reds, and purples. You had a thick coat on with faux fur on the hood, and a beanie covered your head.
Each breath you let out, he could see in the frigid air like steam, and in the light, it was colored in orange and yellow. Your eyes lit up as you spotted something in the distance, and a smile pulled at his lips.
"Optimus, look a herd of pronghorns!"
In the distance, a migrating herd of pronghorns was galloping into the canyon. Hot puffs of breath came from their noses as they ran. It was amazing to see them in motion, their hooves kicking up snow and sand. They soon came to a stop so they could graze on the brown grasses sprouting from the rocky soil. Some went to drink from the snowmelt creek that had formed in the old riverbed.
"I bet they have such soft noses!" You let out a giggle as you thought of squishing ones nose in your hand. He smiled bigger at your happy demeanor. "Did you know they're actually the only surviving member of the Antilocapridae family? They're also the fastest land mammal in the western hemisphere, topping out at around 55 miles per hour!"
"I did not, that is very intriguing indeed y/n." One reason he enjoyed your company was that you too loved learning as much as he did. And he continued to learn new things from you just as you did with him and the others.
You both sat and watched them for a little while as they grazed. The sun set even further, and the pronghorns moved on. With the last of the sunlight peeking over the horizon, he knew it was about time to head back.
Transforming, he popped open his driver's side door for you to climb in. You step up and sit in his seat, making sure to buckle up. His engine rumbles as he gets back onto the dirt road, and when he stops at a crossing, you lightly kiss the emblem in the middle of his steering wheel. "Love you, Optimus."
Illustrations of Soksu Hantorn, and Emshou Lorne. Western Shaifir and Daefuent are the prominent sophonts of the western side of Hantorn. Emshou is home to massive megafauna that graze on the almost constant year round fruits, and grasses.
Featured is a Ardneal Kappi, a Hauspaun Dog. Ardneal are massive ungulates in the antilocapridae family. They are feared in the area due to their extreme aggression when nursing calves.
The pronghorn is not a member of the goat or the antelope family. They are the only surviving member of the Antilocapridae family. They have been roaming the Great Plains for over a million years. 😁
Today in my zooarchaeology class we concluded that if unicorns were real, they would have to be in the bovid family (cows, goats, sheep, bison) because this is the only family that has true horns (which are defined by being permanent, not shed every year like antlers, and covered by a keratinous sheath. Also true horns are not branched).
As opposed to antlers, which are shed every year and don't have a keratinous covering - those are only found in the cervid family (deer, antelopes). Basically all animals we think of as having horns or antlers are one of those two things EXCEPT pronghorns which are just weird and have some kind of horn-antler-hybrid things. Pronghorns are neither bovids nor cervids (people call them antelopes but this is FALSE) but an entirely separate thing. They're the only non-extinct members of a family called Antilocapridae.
And then of course there's things like narwhals and elephants, which don't technically have horns or antlers or any combination of the above. Those are their TEETH!
”And pronghorn aren't actually antelope (they're more closely related to goats, if I remember right),” Goats and antelope are both in the family Bovidae, with cattle. Pronghorn are equally related to goats and true antelope. Pronghorn are in their own family (Antilocapridae) and their closest relatives are giraffes (though a few analyses find them equally close to giraffes and Bovidae, most find them closer to giraffes).
Ah yep you're so right. I knew there was something they were more closely related to that wasn't an antelope - I think for some reason my brain was thinking about the fun fact regarding musk ox... Totally different animal lol. Thanks!!
Antilocapridae Family, Species & Subspecies.
A unique species of this family with five subspecies. As I mentioned in other posts, some people believe subspecies aren't important, but I think they are crucial to the evolution of the species and the beginning of a new potential family in the future.
Changes are always subtle, and they can only be seen through time. With nature, changes can take millions of years. An elephant wasn't an elephant millions of years ago. It was another animal that eventually became what we see today. Everything moves, everything must evolve, because the earth is always changing, and those who cannot adapt to those changes are destined to perish.
If this is your favorite animal (which I think qualifies to be a favorite animal. Fastest in America, unique, particular, etc.) this is a poster you should have. All five subspecies (See detail of the illustration below) with their conservation status and family lineage. Just click here.
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Thank you for the love, follows, reblogs, and shares.
Are you aware of pronghorn antelope? Despite the name, they are not antelopes (Bovidae) but are the last members of their own family (Antilocapridae), likely close to giraffes. Their horns shed annually, like deer, and they are the second fastest land animal after cheetahs.
Ooooh o3o Their faces do look kinda more giraffe-y, huh?