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yocholol · 9 months
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night terror
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SAMI Layer Pavement Fabrics: Boost Road Durability
SAMI Layer Pavement Fabrics: Boost Road Durability
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Introduction:
In the ever-evolving landscape of road construction, innovations like SAMI layer pavement fabrics are transforming the way we approach durability and longevity in infrastructure. This blog post explores the key benefits and applications of SAMI layer fabrics, shedding light on how they play a crucial role in enhancing the resilience of our roads.
Understanding SAMI Layer Pavement Fabrics:
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How SAMI Layer Fabrics Boost Road Durability
SAMI layer pavement fabrics strengthen the road in multiple ways:
Crack Prevention
Acting as a barrier, the SAMI fabric inhibits cracks from appearing and spreading across the road surface. This adds years to the pavement life. The bonded fabric intercepts cracks at the surface level preventing downward propagation into the base layers.
Enhanced Structural Stability
The integration of the high-modulus SAMI layer evenly distributes traffic loads over a broader pavement area. This reduces concentrated stresses and deformations leading to pavement failures. The outcome is improved stability and strength.
All-Weather Reliability
SAMI fabrics are engineered using polymers like polyester, polyethylene or glass fibers that can withstand diverse environmental conditions from freezing winters to scorching summers. This makes roads more reliable through changing seasons.
Extended Lifespan
The collective impact of crack prevention, load distribution and weather resistance provided by SAMI layers is a significantly extended road lifespan. The surface maintains integrity for longer periods without requiring repairs and rehab.
Sustainable Construction
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Applications of SAMI Layer Pavement Fabrics
Some prominent applications that highlight the benefits of SAMI layers include:
Road Rehabilitation
Applying SAMI fabrics provide an economical overlay solution for rehabilitating aged, damaged road surfaces. The fabric strengthens the existing base while providing a new wearing course.
New Road Construction
Integrating a SAMI layer into new road construction leads to more crack-resistant, durable surfacing that extends the period between overlays.
Preventing Reflective Cracking
SAMI layers serve as effective crack retarders at the interface of old and new pavement sections. This addresses reflective cracking, a common issue in road overlays.
Bridge Deck Protection
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In conclusion:
SAMI layer pavement fabrics are a game-changer in the realm of road construction, offering a sustainable and effective solution for enhancing the durability of our infrastructure. As we pave the way to the future, these innovative fabrics prove to be an indispensable asset in creating roads that can withstand the test of time.
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ib-021 · 7 months
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Non-woven geotextiles are an important category of geosynthetics used across a wide range of infrastructure and construction applications. This guide provides a deep dive into what non-wovens are, their types, key properties, manufacturing processes, installation methods, advantages, applications, and more.
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Introduction to Non-Woven Geotextiles
Geotextiles refer to permeable, polymeric textile materials used in contact with soil or rock in civil engineering applications. They can be woven or non-woven.
Non-woven geotextiles are made by bonding polymeric fibers together through processes like needle punching, heat bonding or resin bonding. The random arrangement of fibres produces a strong, porous and flexible material.
Geotextiles that are non-woven are better than those that are woven. They are better at filtering, draining, and cushioning, and are easier to install. In addition, they are more budget-friendly. These characteristics make non-wovens ideal for many functions like filtration, drainage, separation, and reinforcement.
Needle Punched Non-Woven Geotextiles
Needle-punched non-wovens are a major type of non-woven geotextile produced by mechanically orienting and entangling fibers. Hundreds of fine needles repeatedly penetrate a fibre web to tangle the fibres into a strong, porous and stable fabric.
Compared to other non-wovens, needle-punched variants have high permeability and drainage capacity along with good puncture resistance. This makes them ideal for filtration and drainage applications.
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Types of Needle-Punched Non-Woven Geotextiles
Needle-punched non-wovens can be categorized into three main types based on weight and fiber thickness:
Lightweight Needle Punched Wovens
Made from fine fibres and low fiber weights between 20-100 gsm. Mainly used in applications that do not require high strength.
Medium Weight Needle Punched Non Wovens
Heavier fibers and medium basis weights of 100-250 gsm. Provides moderate strength for functions like separation.
Heavyweight Needle Punched Non-Wovens
Very coarse, thick fibres and high basis weights above 250 gsm. Imparts maximum strength for reinforcement uses.
Selections depend on the target function. Non-woven fabrics can be categorized into lightweight and heavyweight variants.
Key Functions and Applications of Non-Woven Geotextiles
Non-woven geotextiles perform various functions that make them indispensable for major infrastructure and construction projects:
Filtration Applications
The porous structure allows water to pass through while blocking soil particles. This filtration ability is useful in:
Roadway drainage systems
Retaining walls
Landfill drainage
Water treatment plants
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Drainage Applications
Nonwovens have high water flow rates in the principal direction. This makes them excellent for drainage purposes like:
Landfill drainage layers
Sports field drainage
Retaining wall and slope drainage
Separation Applications
The fabric physically separates dissimilar materials. Key applications include:
Roadway base and subbase separation
Railroad bed separation
Foundations separation
https://www.aakarperiwal.com/blogs/wp-content/uploads/2023/09/geotextile-500x500-3.webp
Reinforcement Applications
Non-wovens provide reinforcement for additional strength when wrapped around soil. Uses include:
Embankments over soft soils
Retaining walls with stacked blocks
Slopes requiring improved bearing capacity
Erosion Control Applications
The fabric acts as a permeable layer to protect against wind and water erosion while allowing water passage. Some uses are:
Covering slopes along railways and highways
Coastal embankments erosion control
Riverbanks and canal protection
Transportation Applications
Within road construction, non-wovens assist with filtration, separation, drainage and stabilization. Common applications:
Separation between sub-base and subgrade
Filtration in edge drains alongside pavements
Soil stabilization for improved load-bearing
Construction Applications
Foundations and walls drainage
Vapor barriers in concrete slabs
Flooring reinforcement and crack prevention
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This demonstrates the versatility of non-woven geotextiles across diverse functions in C&I projects. Their adaptive properties drive widespread adoption.
Key Properties of Non-Woven Geotextiles
Non-woven geotextiles exhibit unique properties derived from their material composition, manufacturing method and overall structure:
Raw Materials
Most non-wovens use polypropylene as the raw material which is cost-effective and provides required properties. High-end variants use polyester or a polypropylene-polyester blend.
Basis Weight
Basis weight is the mass per unit area measured in g/m2. Heavier basis weights produce stronger fabrics with higher puncture resistance. Typical range is from 20 g/m2 to 300 g/m2.
Thickness
Thickness depends on fiber density and varies from 1mm to 15mm. Affects permeability, cushioning ability and separation effectiveness.
Hydraulic Properties
Non-wovens have high water permeability (normal to the plane) and adequate transmissivity. Allows swift drainage while blocking soil passage.
Mechanical Properties
Tensile strength, tear strength, puncture resistance and burst strength are key mechanical properties. Non woven selection depends on the required load capacity.
Endurance Properties
Long-term resistance against environmental exposure, chemicals, microbes and mechanical stresses comes under endurance properties. Requires proper polymer choice.
These characteristics directly impact the effectiveness and lifespan of the non-woven geotextile for its intended function.
Overview of Manufacturing Processes
Non-woven geotextile production involves specialized processes to achieve the desired fiber arrangement and properties:
Web Formation
The first step is creating a uniform web of fibres laid out in overlapping, random orientations using air, mechanical or wet-laid techniques.
Web Bonding
The fiber web undergoes thermal, chemical or mechanical bonding. This interlocks the fibres to impart strength, stability and thickness.
Finishing
Additional treatments enhance properties - for instance, calendering uses heated rollers to achieve smoothness. Fabric edges are trimmed to create rolls.
Testing and Inspection
Extensive testing under certified labs evaluates parameters like strength, permeability, opening size etc. This ensures compliance with specifications.
Keeping manufacturing consistent and monitoring variabilities is vital for non-woven quality assurance. Automation allows scalable production with minimal defects.
Design and Installation Factors for Non-Woven Geotextiles
Proper design, handling and deployment of non-wovens ensures successful project outcomes:
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Site Preparation
The installation site must be graded uniformly and cleared of debris/rocks to avoid damage. Burial depth is determined. Subsurface drainage may be added.
Installation Techniques
Non wovens can be unrolled on site and placed loose or tense. Joints are sewn or bonded. Additional layers can be installed to enhance functioning. Fixings like sandbags or pegs may be used.
Seams and Overlaps
Adjoining rolls are overlapped for continuity. End overlaps depend on joint strength. Edges can be sewn, welded, glued or kept loose. Key consideration for soil retention uses.
Design Factors
Careful specifications of geotextile properties like strength, permeability, and opening size based on engineering requirements and testing. Survivability and performance lifetime also key.
Following recommended practices for non-woven deployment optimizes field performance and prevents failures.
Key Benefits and Advantages of Using Non-Woven Geotextiles
Non-woven geotextiles offer numerous benefits that make them advantageous over traditional materials:
Cost-Effectiveness
Made from polypropylene, non-wovens are an affordable alternative to CMP pipe drains or graded aggregates for drainage. Limited overlap joints also reduce the quantity required.
Rapid Drainage Performance
The high porosity provides greater flow capacity compared to sand filters or gravel layers. Useful in applications like retaining walls.
Good Puncture and Burst Resistance
The entangled fibrous structure provides better resistance against punctures during installation compared to woven geotextiles.
Ease of Installation
Flexible, lightweight non-wovens are simpler to install in field conditions compared to rigid materials. No special equipment needed.
Enhanced Properties
Specialized manufacturing processes like calendering and bonding create improved non-wovens with the right balance of filtration, separation, cushioning and strength.
Wider Widths
The ability to produce up to 5m wide rolls compared to just 1m for wovens leads to faster deployment with fewer joints.
These advantages have positioned non-wovens as a material of choice for major construction activities and geotechnical engineering applications.
Applications and Case Studies Demonstrating Non-Woven Geotextiles in Action
Non-woven geotextiles have delivered value across many real-world projects:
Landfill Construction - Needle-punched non-wovens used in leachate collection systems increased design life while reducing clogging through superior filtration compared to gravel layers.
Retaining Wall Drainage - Heat-bonded non-wovens used as wall wraps maintained water drainage and prevented soil washout, keeping 100km of critical rail walls safely stabilized through extreme weather.
Riverbank Protection - Durable non-woven wraps applied on embankments prevented erosion along highly flood-prone rivers through monsoons. Filtered runoff while retaining soil stability.
Roadway Improvement - Calendered non-wovens beneath motorway overpasses provided vital reinforcement to stabilize compressible soil while facilitating drainage and preventing pumping.
Coastal Reinforcement - Wide-width non-wovens encasing sandy coastal cliffs added shear strength and tensile reinforcement. Protected against collapse from rising sea levels and storm surges.
This demonstrates how non-wovens of different compositions can be adapted for specialized needs in infrastructure projects where performance and longevity are critical.
Industry Trends and Ongoing Innovations in Non-Woven Geotextiles
Several interesting trends, developments and innovations are shaping the non-woven geotextiles sector:
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High Growth Potential - The non-wovens market is projected to grow steadily at 6% CAGR driven by major public infrastructure investments and demand from emerging economies.
Raw Material Advances - Enhanced polymers like high-density polypropylene and high-modulus polyester are creating improved non-wovens with greater functionality.
Manufacturing Improvements - Process enhancements and new techniques are allowing more fine-tuned manipulation of fiber properties during production.
Multifunctional Products - Combining non-wovens with drainage nets or reinforcing grids creates single products that provide filtration, separation and reinforcement together.
Application R&D - Ongoing research into novel uses for non-wovens like landfill caps, nuclear waste containment and offshore geotextiles to drive adoption across new domains.
Conclusion
Non-woven geotextiles have become an indispensable resource for civil engineering and infrastructure applications where their high permeability, strength, and versatility can enhance project outcomes and lifespan.
As materials and manufacturing continue evolving, non-wovens are poised to meet more specialized demands. With a thorough understanding of their capabilities, civil engineers can apply these adaptable fabrics for a sustainable future.
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goodfabrics · 8 months
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Woven mesh fabric: the future of textile manufacturing
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Woven mesh fabric is widely used in construction, aerospace, environmental protection and other fields with its unique structure and excellent performance. As technology continues to develop, its manufacturing technology will also continue to innovate and advance. In the future, Woven mesh fabric will become one of the important development directions of the textile manufacturing industry, bringing more convenience and comfort to people's lives.
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goodwoven · 9 months
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The Fabric of Dreams: Unlocking the Enchantment of woven mesh fabric
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Woven mesh fabric is a fabric with a unique charm that can add a layer of mystery to people's dreams and fantasies.
woven mesh fabric is a fabric with unique charm, which can add a layer of mystery to people's dreams and fantasies. It has the characteristics of lightness and softness, multiple applications, creative design and sustainability, which can meet people's diverse needs for fabrics, and also meet the requirements of modern society for sustainability.
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whetstonefires · 9 months
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If I was going to go back in time to disrupt history with a single technology the temptation would be incredible to make it knitting.
Like I don't know how much that would really do to alleviate human suffering en masse so it's not the heroic option like idk an understanding of germ theory on the level necessary to improve child mortality in the long term? But it would be so cool to see what happened.
Because knitting in the form we know it is basically a 20th century invention.
I hate that! It doesn't seem right at all, huh?? Knitting is over 1000 years old, that's all we know we don't have the artifacts to say more precisely than that, but it spent most of that time being pretty exclusively a means of making socks, and not a viral sensation of a sock method, either. The purl stitch was figured out and then forgotten again.
That's nothing. That's like 0 time, in the history of string.
And then, almost every knitting technique of any serious elaboration, all the complicated stitches and the cable knits and all that: less than 150 years old. Cannot believe this. Wild. What is humanity.
Anyway I just want to see what would happen if you went back to before the proliferation of the loom and taught knitting to a bunch of different communities across the mesolithic world. Some of them would keep it up, if you seeded it widely.
Knitting is way more nomadism-friendly than weaving, so at the very least the early proliferation of knit fabrics would alter the economic balance of pastoral and agricultural communities. i feel like it would also have interesting impacts on the fishing net.
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anielskaaniela · 5 months
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Fabrics 101: Informative Guide to Different Types of Materials
This post, it’s informative guide of fabric types, constructions and weights. Have you ever wondered what makes fabrics so different from each other? Why do some fabrics feel soft and cozy, while others feel crisp and cool? How do fabrics affect the way we dress, decorate, and express ourselves? Fabrics are the building blocks of the textile world, offering endless possibilities in fashion,…
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mothbaaalls · 3 months
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i need to make a skort or else i will die (joking)
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jewellery-box · 17 days
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Dress, circa 1883-1885, Scotland
Silk, cotton, linen, metal
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Description: Woman’s dress in cream corded silk chine printed with abstract floral design in red, blue, brown and yellow, with small, rectangular neckline with facing in pleated red silk satin, fitted bodice constructed in six panels, fastening centre front with red cord lacing through fourteen pairs of eyelets over a stomacher-style panel of horizontal cream machine lace frills. Elbow-length sleeves with pleated red silk satin cuffs. Skirt, full-length, fastening on left with five metal hooks and eyes, chine overskirt pleated into waistline at front and over hips at side, side panels trimmed with vertical border of cream machine lace and frill of cream machine lace extending into lower side edges of train, centre back cut-in-one with bodice with additional width in skirt to go over bustle, extending into a long train, red silk satin frill under hem. Petticoat-style underskirt revealed in front in cream silk satin underskirt decorated with six slightly asymmetrical horizontal rows of cream machine lace. Bodice lined in printed cotton, fitted with eight metal bones and waistband. Skirt front lined with linen and printed cotton, sides and back lined with printed cotton, integral thirteen-inch wire mesh bustle with two sets of twill weave tapes to pull fullness to back to create train, balayeuse around hem of skirt and train. Waistband printed in light green ‘R. Simpson and Sons Costumiers Jamaica St. Corner Glasgow’.
Worn by Ann Smith, the wife of Robert Kirk Simpson of R Simpson and Sons.
This romantic dress is printed with roses and has machine-lace frills on the skirt. In the 1870s and 1880s fashion looked back to the late 1700s, with its flamboyant fabrics, for inspiration. The blurred effect on this evening dress is created by printing the warp prints before the fabric is woven. This ikat technique originated in Asia and was introduced to France in the mid-1700s, where it was known as chiné. Here, it’s use, together with the laced bodice and open over-skirt draped back over the hips and into the bustle, reflect the historical revival style with its imitation of an eighteenth-century open gown.
Glasgow Museums Collection Online
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medici-collar · 11 months
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Day dress consisting of a jacket bodice and skirt of Jacquard-woven silk, possibly made by Mrs Francis, Great Britain, ca. 1885
This elegant bustle dress displays a dense pattern of violets springing from a bed of vine leaves. The design would have been woven by a powered jacquard loom and is an example of good commercially produced fabric. The floral design complements the construction of this dress, accentuating the closely fitted lines of the bodice and drapery on the front of the skirt. It also flows in sweeping folds over the bustle, which by the mid-1880s jutted out almost at right angles from behind. Bustles were often a separate structure attached around the waist and included crinolettes made of steel half-hoops, down-filled pads and wire mesh structures. By 1885 the bustle was often incorporated into the back of the foundation skirt itself in the form of a small pad attached to the waistband and horizontal rows of steel which could be pulled into a curved shape. This dress has a foundation skirt of grey denim that is cut straight in front and gathered and pleated at the back to follow the lines of the separate bustle worn underneath.
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The Complete Guide to Non-Woven Geotextiles
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Introduction to Non Woven Geotextiles
Geotextiles refer to permeable, polymeric textile materials used in contact with soil or rock in civil engineering applications. They can be woven or non woven.
Non woven geotextiles are made by bonding polymeric fibers together through processes like needle punching, heat bonding or resin bonding. The random arrangement of fibers produces a strong, porous and flexible material.
Geotextiles that are non-woven are better than those that are woven. They are better at filtering, draining, and cushioning, and are easier to install. In addition, they are more budget-friendly. These characteristics make non-wovens ideal for many functions like filtration, drainage, separation, and reinforcement.
Needle Punched Non Woven Geotextiles
Needle punched non wovens are a major type of non woven geotextile produced by mechanically orienting and entangling fibers. Hundreds of fine needles repeatedly penetrate a fiber web to tangle the fibers into a strong, porous and stable fabric.
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Types of Needle-Punched Non-Woven Geotextiles
Needle punched non wovens can be categorized into three main types based on weight and fiber thickness:
Lightweight Needle Punched Non Wovens
Made from fine fibers and low fiber weights between 20–100 gsm. Mainly used in applications that do not require high strength.
Medium Weight Needle Punched Non Wovens
Heavier fibers and medium basis weights of 100–250 gsm. Provides moderate strength for functions like separation.
Heavyweight Needle Punched Non Wovens
Very coarse, thick fibers and high basis weights above 250 gsm. Imparts maximum strength for reinforcement uses.
Selections depends on the target function. Non-woven fabrics can be categorized into lightweight and heavyweight variants.
Key Functions and Applications of Non Woven Geotextiles
Non woven geotextiles perform various functions that make them indispensable for major infrastructure and construction projects:
Filtration Applications
The porous structure allows water to pass through while blocking soil particles. This filtration ability is useful in:
Roadway drainage systems
Retaining walls
Landfill drainage
Water treatment plants
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Drainage Applications
Non wovens have high water flow rates in the principal direction. This makes them excellent for drainage purposes like:
Landfill drainage layers
Sports field drainage
Retaining wall and slope drainage
Separation Applications
The fabric physically separates dissimilar materials. Key applications include:
Roadway base and subbase separation
Railroad bed separation
Foundations separation
Reinforcement Applications
Non wovens provide reinforcement for additional strength when wrapped around soil. Uses include:
Embankments over soft soils
Retaining walls with stacked blocks
Slopes requiring improved bearing capacity
Erosion Control Applications
The fabric acts as a permeable layer to protect against wind and water erosion while allowing water passage. Some uses are:
Covering slopes along railways and highways
Coastal embankments erosion control
Riverbanks and canals protection
Transportation Applications
Within road construction, non wovens assist with filtration, separation, drainage and stabilization. Common applications:
Separation between sub-base and subgrade
Filtration in edge drains alongside pavements
Soil stabilization for improved load bearing
Construction Applications
Foundations and walls drainage
Vapor barriers in concrete slabs
Flooring reinforcement and crack prevention
Tumblr media
This demonstrates the versatility of non woven geotextiles across diverse functions in C&I projects. Their adaptive properties drive widespread adoption.
Key Properties of Non Woven Geotextiles
Non woven geotextiles exhibit unique properties derived from their material composition, manufacturing method and overall structure:
Raw Materials
Most non wovens use polypropylene as the raw material which is cost-effective and provides required properties. High-end variants use polyester or a polypropylene-polyester blend.
Basis Weight
Basis weight is the mass per unit area measured in g/m2. Heavier basis weights produce stronger fabrics with higher puncture resistance. Typical range is from 20 g/m2 to 300 g/m2.
Thickness
Thickness depends on fiber density and varies from 1mm to 15mm. Affects permeability, cushioning ability and separation effectiveness.
Hydraulic Properties
Non wovens have high water permeability (normal to the plane) and adequate transmissivity. Allows swift drainage while blocking soil passage.
Mechanical Properties
Tensile strength, tear strength, puncture resistance and burst strength are key mechanical properties. Non woven selection depends on required load capacity.
Endurance Properties
Long-term resistance against environmental exposure, chemicals, microbes and mechanical stresses comes under endurance properties. Requires proper polymer choice.
These characteristics directly impact the effectiveness and lifespan of the non woven geotextile for its intended function.
Overview of Manufacturing Processes
Non woven geotextile production involves specialized processes to achieve the desired fiber arrangement and properties:
Web Formation
The first step is creating a uniform web of fibers laid out in overlapping, random orientations using air, mechanical or wet-laid techniques.
Web Bonding
The fiber web undergoes thermal, chemical or mechanical bonding. This interlocks the fibers to impart strength, stability and thickness.
Finishing
Additional treatments enhance properties — for instance, calendering uses heated rollers to achieve smoothness. Fabric edges are trimmed to create rolls.
Testing and Inspection
Extensive testing under certified labs evaluates parametes like strength, permeability, opening size etc. This ensures compliance with specifications.
Keeping manufacturing consistent and monitoring variabilities is vital for non woven quality assurance. Automation allows scalable production with minimal defects.
Design and Installation Factors for Non Woven Geotextiles
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Site Preparation
The installation site must be graded uniformly and cleared of debris/rocks to avoid damage. Burial depth is determined. Subsurface drainage may be added.
Installation Techniques
Non wovens can be unrolled on site and placed loose or tense. Joints are sewn or bonded. Additional layers can be installed to enhance functioning. Fixings like sandbags or pegs may be used.
Seams and Overlaps
Adjoining rolls are overlapped for continuity. End overlaps depend on joint strength. Edges can be sewn, welded, glued or kept loose. Key consideration for soil retention uses.
Design Factors
Careful specifications of geotextile properties like strength, permeability, and opening size based on engineering requirements and testing. Survivability and performance lifetime also key.
Following recommended practices for non woven deployment optimizes field performance and prevents failures.
Key Benefits and Advantages of Using Non Woven Geotextiles
Non woven geotextiles offer numerous benefits that make them advantageous over traditional materials:
Cost-Effectiveness
Made from polypropylene, non wovens are an affordable alternative to CMP pipe drains or graded aggregates for drainage. Limited overlap joints also reduce quantity required.
Rapid Drainage Performance
The high porosity provides greater flow capacity compared to sand filters or gravel layers. Useful in applications like retaining walls.
Good Puncture and Burst Resistance
The entangled fibrous structure provides better resistance against punctures during installation compared to woven geotextiles.
Ease of Installation
Flexible, lightweight non wovens are simpler to install in field conditions compared to rigid materials. No special equipment needed.
Enhanced Properties
Specialized manufacturing processes like calendering and bonding creates improved non wovens with the right balance of filtration, separation, cushioning and strength.
Wider Widths
Ability to produce up to 5m wide rolls compared to just 1m for wovens leads to faster deployment with fewer joints.
These advantages have positioned non wovens as a material of choice for major construction activities and geotechnical engineering applications.
Applications and Case Studies Demonstrating Non Woven Geotextiles in Action
Non woven geotextiles have delivered value across many real world projects:
Landfill Construction — Needle punched non wovens used in leachate collection systems increased design life while reducing clogging through superior filtration compared to gravel layers.
Retaining Wall Drainage — Heat bonded non wovens used as wall wraps maintained water drainage and prevented soil washout, keeping 100km of critical rail walls safely stabilized through extreme weather.
Riverbank Protection — Durable non woven wraps applied on embankments prevented erosion along highly flood-prone rivers through monsoons. Filtered runoff while retaining soil stability.
Roadway Improvement — Calendered non wovens beneath motorway overpasses provided vital reinforcement to stabilize compressible soil while facilitating drainage and preventing pumping.
Coastal Reinforcement — Wide width non wovens encasing sandy coastal cliffs added shear strength and tensile reinforcement. Protected against collapse from rising sea levels and storm surge.
This demonstrates how non wovens of different compositions can be adapted for specialized needs in infrastructure projects where performance and longevity are critical.
Industry Trends and Ongoing Innovations in Non Woven Geotextiles
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High Growth Potential — The non wovens market is projected to grow steadily at 6% CAGR driven by major public infrastructure investments and demand from emerging economies.
Raw Material Advances — Enhanced polymers like high-density polypropylene and high-modulus polyester are creating improved non wovens with greater functionality.
Manufacturing Improvements — Advancements in processing and techniques now enable precise manipulation of fiber properties during production.
Multifunctional Products — Combining non wovens with drainage nets or reinforcing grids creates single products that provide filtration, separation and reinforcement together.
Application R&D — Ongoing research into novel uses for non wovens like landfill caps, nuclear waste containment and offshore geotextiles to drive adoption across new domains.
Conclusion
Non woven geotextiles have become an indispensable resource for civil engineering and infrastructure applications where their high permeability, strength, and versatility can enhance project outcomes and lifespan.
As materials and manufacturing continue evolving, non wovens are poised to meet more specialized demands. With a thorough understanding of their capabilities, civil engineers can apply these adaptable fabrics for a sustainable future.
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lacerotalong · 3 months
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Time for another lace style...
We will eventually get around to learning all of these, which one do you want to learn first?
Also we have many more styles planned, these are just the styles we have good tutorial resources for so far.
These styles all require some specialty tools/supplies, which I've listed below the cut in case that's a deciding factor for people. Pretty much everything can be DIY'd or repurposed from some other common objects, and this information will be shared as part of the lace-along :)
Bobbin lace:
Thread (e.g. sewing thread, embroidery floss) (edit by mod Rex: crochet cotton or perle cotton preferable for beginners)
Bobbins (24 for the sampler we will do)
Bobbin lace pillow
Pattern printed or drawn out
Pins with small heads (a whole lot of em)
(edit by Mod comfy: I dipped my toes in this already, you can use clothespins as bobbins (basically everything that holds some thread and can be moved around comfortably), and some sturdy cardboard as a pillow. Your "pillow" just needs to be sturdy enough to keep the pins in place for the time you work on the lace, so if you have a couch pillow that could work, go for it)
Drawn thread lace:
Plain-woven linen or cotton fabric, with large enough threads you can comfortably see individual threads at a comfortable working distance
Sewing thread in the same colour as your fabric
Fine blunt-tipped needle
Fine tipped scissors or seam ripper and a steady hand
Lacis/ filet lace
Sturdy thread/ twine/ crochet cotton
Netting shuttle/ netting needle
Netting gauge/ mesh stick (e.g. dowel, knitting needle, smooth popsicle stick or similar)
Blunt tapestry needle
Some method of tensioning the net for embroidery: mesh frame/ embroidery hoop/ stiff paper to tack net down to
Needle lace:
Paper pattern printed or drawn out
Backing fabric (e.g. sturdy medium weight calico) (will not be part of finished piece)
Sticky backed plastic/ clear packing tape
Lace thread (e.g. crochet cotton, perlee, stranded cotton, silk thread)
Regular sewing thread in a contrasting colour for tacking down pattern (will not be part of the finished piece)
Sharp needle to tack down pattern
Blunt needle to make lace
Tweezers
Fine tipped scissors
Thimble (optional)
Sprang:
Sprang frame (e.g. empty backless picture frame, DIY frame made of sticks, two dowels tied to sturdy objects an appropriate distance apart)
Sturdy cord or crochet cotton
Smooth dowels/rods, 4-6 of them?
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goodfabrics · 8 months
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The history of Woven mesh fabric and their evolution
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Today, Woven mesh fabric continues to innovate in design and application. Designers and engineers continue to explore new structures and fiber materials to create more diverse and functional Woven mesh fabrics. For example, introducing metallic threads or reflective materials can give mesh fabrics a unique look and reflective effect. In addition, by changing the weaving density and pore size of the mesh fabric, its air permeability, filter performance and protective capabilitie can be adjusted.
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goodwoven · 9 months
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From Plain to Extraordinary: Weaving Wonders with woven mesh fabric
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the miracle of woven mesh fabric lies in its unique texture and pattern, light penetration and filtration, space separation and privacy, and multifunctionality and sustainability. Through these inventive applications, woven mesh transforms bland surfaces into extraordinary design elements, bringing surprise and beauty to interior spaces. Whether in a commercial setting or a domestic setting, the weaving wonders of woven mesh fabric unique charm and appeal to designs.
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ax-cx · 3 months
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INTOXICATING
Luke Castellan x Fem!OC
slight Pervy!Luke and Toxic!Luke
Warnings: swearing, heavy make out, mentions of slight stalking, super obsessed Luke, mention of drugs, flirting
Just pure fluffy love really
“You can’t keep dancing with the devil and ask why you’re still in hell.”
Intoxicating
adjective
- (of alcoholic drink or a drug) liable to cause someone to lose control of their faculties or behaviour.
- exhilarating or exciting.
- "an intoxicating sense of freedom"
Laila was intoxicating. Just looking at her made my mind run miles. Her beautiful brown hair, falling down over her shoulders. Her beautiful green eyes, glinting when she looks up at me. Her beautiful smile, contagious and bubbly.
Fuck man, I’m so done for. The way she says my name, gods help me.
“Luke.” soft, sweet and silky. Just imagine how it’d sound beneath- no shut up Luke. She’s perfect. Don’t ruin her.
“Yes sweetheart?” oh gods, stop looking at me like that dollface. Can’t you see me melting here?
“I need your help.” her cheeks reddened. Like strawberries and summer sun.
I can’t be this crazy for a girl, right? I’m just Luke. I’m the best swordsman at camp, son of Hermes, and a silly little Demeter girl can’t make me feel this way. Even though she picks flowers everywhere she goes, and the roses greet her like an old friend; even though the shrubs and plants seem to bloom brighter when she walks past, nature pouring from every pore of her pure soul.
“Of course Laila, what do you need?” my voice was shaky, of course it was. She was so fucking stunning my heart hurt. She gave me a headache and a high I couldn’t chase anywhere else. So I was her little servant instead.
She wanted help? Always. Can’t choose an outfit? Sweetheart you look perfect in blue. Someone giving her a hard time? I’ll fucking kill them. She wants food? I’ll get her anything. That bracelet’s cute? Bought it already.
I followed her like a wolf trailing behind a little lamb. All I wanted was her aura, her devilishly inducing soul. I’d do anything she asked. I’d burn the goddamn world to the ground. Just to make her happy. Anything to see her smile.
Chris told me I was obsessed. Maybe I am. Just a little. Just a lot. She takes up my every waking thought, tying up my mind in flowers and thorns, sweet smiles and sugary sounds. The way she walked. The way she talked.
I found myself hidden outside her window, looking in on her dressing once. Like a child outside a candy shop, my face was pressed to glass so hard I nearly fell through. The curves of her body, the scars on her knees, the freckles across her shoulders and clavicle. She rivalled Aphrodite, the fucking beauty she is.
“I need a new bikini and I don’t know which one to get.” fuck. How am I meant to hold myself back now? Surely she’s trying to kill me.
“Laila you look great in anything. But-“
“Blue’s your favourite colour, I know Luke, I know.” Laila I’m begging you, don’t put a blue bikini on, I might fuck up this perfect relationship. “So I picked out two blue ones but I don’t know which ones better.”
Oh god. I could feel my blood going south already. I watched as she slipped into the changing room, drawing the curtain, metal scraping metal. I listened as she shuffled, watched her clothes hit the floor and the shadows of her curves pulling the material on. I hated how long I waited, I was dying to see her.
I was dying to see my girl.
Metal scraping metal, and a soft whisper. “Luke?” my eyes met perfection.
Shamelessly letting my eyes wander, the blue fabric was tastefully perfect on her sun-bronzed skin. I’d forever be grateful for Apollo for how he made her shine. Her hips, her breasts, smattered with freckles and battle scars, marred in its most perfect form. Glowing and radiant. A princess in its finest definition. My beautiful drug. Little shells and gold trinkets were looped into the mesh, woven into the blue and trailing down her ribs and thighs.
Her hair was tucked behind her ears, her face on full display. Strawberries and summer sun dancing across her cheeks. Playful freckles smeared on her skin, full lips pulled into a meek grin. I stood up, and took her chin by the finger, lifting her embarrassed eyes to meet mine. I saw her curl in on herself.
“Laila you don’t need to be ashamed. You look great.” great. A disgusting understatement for how ethereal she looked. Aphrodite worked her magic and worked hard on her. The word felt filthy on my tongue. A princess like her needed to be praised and showered in the filthiest compliments, degraded by affection and ruined by attention. She glowed, and the world stopped.
I couldn’t hear a thing but my heartbeat. Racing, trying to tear from my chest and embrace hers. Her eyes gleamed, and I felt my resolve crumble. My confidence, my senses, my mind and soul falling to bare parts of who I am.
A man so effortlessly infatuated with a woman.
Losing all my thoughts, all my being, I melted into her. I gave up, finally leaning into my instincts and pressing my lips to hers.
They say your first kiss with a person you love is like fireworks. Your lips ignite and everything feels right.
It’s a lie. It’s like a fucking war. Winning and losing, fighting and failing. Kissing the girl I’m completely besotted with. Fuck. Her lips were heaven on earth, soft and plump, the perfect fit to mine. Gods this girl was meant for me. I truly must’ve been blessed, for finding a girl that just fits effortlessly, lips the missing piece to my fucked up puzzle, is a one in a billion girl.
I reluctantly pulled my lips from hers, immediately missing the warmth that bloomed in my chest, the warmth of her lips.
“Laila I’m so sorry.” she blinked, once, twice, still processing what is just done. I’d fucked it, I’d royally fucked it. “I couldn’t, I just couldn’t help my-“
My breath cut short, her fingers pulled on my belt loops, pulling me in, roping me further into her spell. She kissed me. Crashing our lips together, all teeth and tongue, all love and war. My perfect girl perfectly kissing me. My eyes were shut so tight, sight a pathetic sense when compared to her taste, her smell, her feel. Like the world was put right.
My hands swallowed her hips, kneading the supple bronze flesh. She was gold personified. Glowing, valuable and just stunning. Her skin was putty in my hands, the perfect golden feeling against my calloused hands. Soft and untouched. All mine to ruin.
I almost felt bad. Touching something so celestial, with my broken and damaged hands. With my plans and my anger. With my disgust and falsified details. With my wrath and rage. With my betrayal and my suffering. But I didn’t care. My care was out the window as soon as she kissed me. I finally got to be selfish for once. Thinking only of myself for once.
She was pure sugar. Addicting, intoxicating. Like my own personal cocaine.
Her hands were woven into my curls, like the soft curves of a tapestry twisting a timeless tale. This is a moment to remember for as long as I live, something I don’t ever want to forget.
She pulled her lips from mine, and my lips ached for the contact again. “So this one?” she grinned, her beautiful beautiful smile on her beautiful beautiful lips.
“I’ll get you both princess.”
My beautiful drug.
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fishnets-fingers · 1 year
Text
Out by the Docks
“Did you um- have you… touched yourself more to the thought of me?” She asks him quietly.
“What do you think, hmm?” He responds with a smile. He had come on his stomach and hands an embarrassing amount of times replaying that night. It was pathetic how much she had him in a chokehold.
“I would like to kiss you,” she says, scooting forward to slot her knees between his. “Would you like that too?”
He nods, tongue licking his lips in anticipation as his heart kicks up again. The butterflies start flapping about in his tummy as she leans in with puckered lips.
“I said that I’d like to kiss you not that you could,” he explains when she looks at him with furrowed brows. “You gotta ask me nicely, if you want me to kiss you,” he teases, kissing the tip of her nose.
“You want me to beg?” She scoffs.
PAIRING - spy!harry x princess!y/n
a/n - the long awaited part two to forbidden hours. it was initially supposed to be a small blurb that somehow became twice as long. thank you for waiting and i hope you like this part as much as i do. if you have any requests or ideas for the next part, let me know. as always, like and reblog. feed back is not only appreciated but much welcome. happy reading!
Word Count - 6.2k (not proofread)
MASTERPOST 
.....
பரிசோதி. Examine. Harry runs a check of his catamaran for the fourth time in the past hour. Sailing was something he grew up doing and that did not mean he took it nonchalantly. It was not an easy task in the slightest; if one was not cognizant and five steps ahead of every single aspect of it, the sea would consume them. In a lot of ways it was an intricately woven tapestry of mastering the control of being at the mercy of the ocean. Two completely opposing beliefs somehow meshing together - like acrobats swinging from one side to another, it might seem like they are at the mercy of gravity and the ropes beneath them but they spend their lives mastering and learning how to taunt the inevitable forces without succumbing to it.
“The sea is a cruel mistress, Harry,” his father would often bark at him when he got one of the knots wrong. Which would then result with him doing a plethora of knots over the next few days until his father was convinced he could hold his own with the crew. He looks around, one more time, for good measure. His oars were greased up, the fabric of the sail - albeit dirty - was without tears, he had more ropes than necessary, a smaller set of paddles in case he’d lost it, food to hold him over, and a can of water. 
Late, he sighs, sitting in his boat that was bobbing along with the lazy waves. The sun was over his head shining radiantly casting small shadows. It was past noon and no one had come to hand him the message from Princess Y/N. Did she forget? Can’t be. Maybe the stupid guard is lost, besides, the docks were vast. He reaches into his bag grabbing a fistful of puffed rice and throws it in the water, making the fish - that were previously eating the algae from the sides of his boat - flounder up and nibble on the white flakes. He looks over at their streamlined moist bodies flipping over others as they ravenously eat the floating white specs and his hands absentmindedly tightens the knot that was anchoring his boat to the side of the docks.
“Took you long enough. Have you no regard for people’s time,” he grumbles, as a shadow blocks the beam out light illuminating the iridescent scales of the fish.
“That’s no way to speak to the Princess,” she replies, with a hint of mirth in her tone. He whips his head around to find Y/N towering over him on the wooden dock. 
“I apologise, your highness. I did not know it was you,” his cheeks tinge with pink as he vaults over to the wooden structure.
Y/N did not look like a member of the royal family today. There were no silks or expensive jewelry adorning her body, her hair was not done up high with flowers. It didn’t make her any less captivating in the slightest with her raven hair slicked back in a low bun, a red cotton saree with the long end twisted around her waist to make a belt to keep the top half of the saree intact since she was not wearing a blouse, and a small black dot in between her eyebrows. She had clasped an oxidised silver ornament around her neck and a small ring around her septum. She looked like she’s spent her whole life here out by the docks rather than the giant mansions with sprawling gardens. 
“You - um - look-” Harry starts.
“I’m in disguise, Mr. Styles.” She answers, pulling out a blank parchment paper and hands it over to him. “I apologise for being late. I had stopped by the bazaar.”
“The bazaar, Princess Y/N,” he repeats, looking over her shoulder to find it empty.
“Having guards following me sort of defeats the purpose of the disguise, Harry.” She catches on as his eyes scan behind her.
“Of course.” He looks at the parchment in his hands turning it around. “It’s blank.”
“It is.” 
“I thought I needed to sail to Lanka to deliver a message, ma’am,” he mumbles, looking down at the sheet of yellowed pulp running his thumb over to feel for any creases or indentations.
“Ma’am,” Y/N snorts out. “Really? You’re calling me a ma’am after what happened the other night,” she says, shaking her head in disbelief.
“It’s protocol,” he tells her blankly.
“Was it also protocol to crowd me against my desk in the middle of the night?” She arches her brow, enjoying the way his face flushes with colour. “The message is intended for the recipient’s eyes only. Karthi will know what to do.”
He nods, folding the paper and slotting it into a small zipped pocket of his dhoti pants. “I should set sail soon,” he informs her, making his way into his vessel. “Looks like a storm’s heading this way.”
“How can you tell, Mr. Styles,” she asks, stepping forward to look over at the horizon to find rain laden grey clouds but is instead met with tiny fluffy cotton akin ones dotting the powdery blue skies.
“I can smell it. There was a ring around the moon last night and red skies at dawn. It probably won’t break ground until a few days.”
“Very impressive,” she praises, looking down at him. “Here, I bought you some food for your travel,” she shifts through her linen bag that was draped over her shoulder. She pulls out a box of rambutan and some partially cooked spiced lentils.
“Thank you, Princess.” He stashes it next to his metal box of food supply. “Do you come to town often in your disguise?”
“Not very-” she is interrupted by the sound of people marching and a loud whistle followed by a booming voice asking the soldiers to fall in a single file. “That’s the admiral,” she whispers, eyes bulging out of her head. “Fuck. If he catches me I’m so dead.”
“Hop on,” Harry tells her.
“What?!?” She whisper shouts at him. “I have to head back.”
“I’ll take you to the palace. I know a way - right behind your garden. Get in,” Harry offers, coming over to the side and holding onto the side of the dock.
Y/N balks, looking down at his rickety catamaran. The structure looked like it was going to wither away in a few days - calling it old would be an insult at this point. Prehistoric was more so the right word. The ropes were frayed and seemed used. She is pretty sure the thing was built before she was born. No way in hell, she shakes her head.
“Princess,” he urges, as the sounds of footfall grow closer and closer.
“I’ll walk back. Maybe I can slip past them,” she tells him.
“It sounds like twenty men, how are you going to slip past all of them,” he shakes his head. “You’ll only be dragging me down with you.”
“I’ve slipped in and out of the castle loads of times,” she reasons.
“There’s only one way out of here, unless you fancy swimming,” Harry points out. “Y/N,” he insists, holding out one of his hands. She lets out a sigh and grips his palm as she climbs into the bobbing catamaran. Once she gets situated, Harry grips onto the oars and starts speedily rowing from the dock, away from the bay. 
Harry looks over her every so often at Y/N as he steadily paddles his boat away. She was curled into herself, looking very unsure with her hands wrapped around her arms as she looked back at the disappearing docks. When the vessel bobs due to a sudden current she pales, gripping onto the wooden plank of her seat firmly, eyes never drifting back to the pier. He’s never seen her like that, and he certainly did not peg her to experience trepidation, uncertainty, and fret. The memory of the first time he met her was etched into the deep recesses of his brain. 
It was eight months since he’d seen her for the first time. He had quickly become fast friends with the Crown Prince - her older brother - who had invited him to train within the palace grounds. He made his way into the halls of the building in wonder of tall ceilings and intricately carved woodwork and artwork and was led to the sparring arena. Vikram was waiting for him sans armour - he believed that having armour on while practice lets one have a certain air of nonchalance with the training thereby removing the stakes. His moves and close combat skills were immediately applauded by the members there with the Princes - Vikram and Karthi - asking a guard to take him to the stables, so he could pick his own horse and learn how to ride. That’s when Y/N walked into the arena, dressed immaculately in a cream silk saree and a colourful pashmina wrapped around her shoulders. There was no jewelry on her body other than a pearl choker and her hair was pulled back into a loose braid. There were four other handmaidens following her, who’d stopped at their tracks by the opened double doors as they giggled at the sweat laden covered men.
“What?” She stalked forward and snapped at her brothers.
“Good day to you too, little girl,” Vikram mocks.
“I have far more important things to do than entertain you, Vikram.”
“Don’t get snippy with me because I pulled you out of philosophy class -”
“A class you should be attending,” Karthi notes, throwing his arm around his sister’s shoulder. “One word to the Queen Mother and you won’t see the outside of the library for the next month,” the two giggle together.
“Books don’t teach you anything, combat does. Anyway don’t go ganging up on me,” Vikram raises his hands in submission. “I just called you to meet my new friend,” he cocks his head to the side. “Y/N meet Harry Edwards Styles.”
Harry feels her gaze pierce right through him, her eyes roamed up and down his body. Being scrutinised made him straighten his back upright - mostly in a way to show off his stature. After a few moments her hickory eyes finally settled at his jade orbs. “Mr. Styles,” she greets him with a polite smile. “You must be the sea merchant who’d bought the crates of berry seeds.”
“Your highness,” he bows. “The sea merchant is my father.”
“Ah, makes sense. You seem awfully young to master navigating the treacherous waters of the Pacific.”
“Thank you, Princess,” he mutters, cheeks heating up at her calling him young.
“That was hardly a compliment, Mr. Styles. I was simply noting your lack of experience,” she lifts up her chin, keeping it parallel to the floor. “I understand from what my brothers have told me you plan on riding to battle with Vikram.”
“Yes, your majesty.”
“As noble as your intentions are, how are we to know your allegiance lies with the flag of Chozhamandalam? You landed here seven- eight months ago, am I wrong? I don’t doubt that you’ve seen many kingdoms in your father’s quests, why are you choosing to devote your life to mine? Why not the Crown of England, the land of you and your forefathers?”
“Y/N,” Vikram states firmly. “You are insulting my friend by insinuating things.”
“I’m not insinuating anything, Vikarm. I’m simply doing the grunt work for you like always,” she bites back.
“Stop th-”
“Well she’s not wrong to ask this, brother. Especially after what happened the last time,” Karthi notes. 
“You two never stop throwing what happened ten years ago in my face every single time,” Vikram gets frustrated.
“Your highnesses,” Harry interrupts their squabble. The princess staggered him in a lot of ways, she just met him but it seemed that she had some sort of an upper hand with him and it didn’t stem from her lineage. She seemed to know a lot about him from growing up in different parts of the world to the seeds his father’s crew arrived with. Surely royalty had no business knowing inventory of all the consignments at the ports; he’s sure they had people for that. His accent once thick and pronounced - resembling the dialect of his mother’s village - had now got muddled up spending time with his father’s crew men and it’s settled into a transatlantic hybrid; is that how she pegged him to be English? 
Unlike most women he’s met, Princess Y/N looks directly at him - through him in a manner of speaking - holding eye contact until their exchanges come to a halt. It felt as if she was giving you her utmost attention at all times, but it was also unnerving because Harry felt like she was also playing a game of chess. Slotting individuals in their designated squares after she thoroughly sized someone up. She was still breathtaking as the day he first laid eyes on her but seeing her up close with her gaze trained on him, made him gulp down the nerves that made him feel like she was a step above him, as he spoke, “I understand the need for Princess Y/N to ask me those questions… If I may,” he looks at her brothers flanking her sides for approval.
“Please do, Mr. Styles.” She motions with her hand for him to continue. 
“You are right, Princess Y/N, I have spent very little time in your dynasty as compared to everyone in this room but it does not take away my love for the people. You see, I have seen many places sailing with my father but almost all of them considered me a passerby - especially countries where people looked different to me. I have seen people treat people like sewage based on the colour of their skin, the faith they practice, or the wealth they’ve inherited. The first day I came to these shores, unloading heavy crates at the port, an old woman - who was walking off with a basket of fish - came up to the crew and noticed that we looked worn out and offered up some of the fresh catch so we could cook and eat. The captain denied it, but she insisted we must eat and somehow managed to have my father and the crew over to her house. She cooked for us. A woman who we did not know up until that day, invited strangers into her house and made us a hearty meal. So, to answer your question, my allegiance lies with the people, not a flag.”
“Satisfied?” Vikram smirks, taunting Y/N by bumping his shoulder on hers.
“And as for England, I haven’t been there in forever. I don’t have any ties that bind me other than it being the country my mother resided in.”
“Seems like you have your way with words, Mr. Styles,” she smiles up at him. Harry can’t help the way satisfaction brews in his chest in response to her smile.
“Oh, Y/N, Harry is good with swords, too,” Karthi tells her. 
“That so?” She arches her brow. “Now that is something I need to witness,” she says, walking over and picking one of the swords that was mounted on the wall. 
She unsheathes it, swishing it once to get a sense of its weight, before stepping into the circle. “I like a good challenge. Hope you deliver,” she tells him.
“I don’t quite understand,” he says, looking around the room for signs that it was an elaborate plan, only to be met with none. “Princess Y/N, I’m not going to fight you,” he steps back.
“Why not?” She arches her brows, pulling off the pashmina that was wrapped around herself and tossing it onto the readily waiting hands of a scurrying handmaiden.  
“Because women do not fight, ma’am,” he mumbles, and both Princes snicker at his response.
“Do not? Or not allowed to.” She challenges him.
“It is not what I mean-”
“Do you dare disobey my orders?” Y/N cuts him off. “Now fight. Don’t let up easy because you think women can’t hold their own. If you do, I’ll make you disappear without a trace.”
He nods, squaring his shoulders and hoisting up his own sword. Far be it for him to disobey the Princess Royal. He’ll give her the fight she was asking for.
He advances first, much to his surprise. He expected her to charge at him but she gilded around the periphery matching his moves, unwilling to attack. She swivels his sword to the side and from then their duel mimicked a dance They moved harmoniously, almost like each move was choreographed, both matching each other moves, the sharp end of the blades kissing each other only to be redirected elsewhere. He can’t help but get distracted by the way her supple skin feels when she brushes past him, and the way her scent niggles his heart. He wonders if she feels it too, but no cues that signaled him. They were synchronized - strike for strike, manoeuvre for manoeuvre, a sharp turn for a turn. But when Harry notices, her eyes darting to his feet, he figures out her next move and backs away when she advances forward trying to trip his feet with her own as her sword swivels around. It happens seamlessly, Harry twists around to trap her arm that’s clutching the sword and lunges forward to press the tip of his scimitar to her side of her throat.
He expects her to look up at him with surprise and even a hint of admiration - both looks he was no stranger to from women - but there was no sense of defeat in her face. Instead, her eyes glinted at him as her lips tugged up in a smug smile. His brows knit in confusion and he follows her eyes, feeling a pointy object push against his sternum - harder this time. Y/N’s holding up a small shiv, which she tugged from its sheath tucked against her waist, angled directly for his heart. 
“A stalemate,” she informs him. 
“How?” He asks, suddenly very aware that he’s got her pressed against him in front of a dozen people. She looks even more beautiful up close, with a bead of sweat running down her temple, her honeyed skin flushed from exertion, her full cheeks, flecks of gold in her eyes under the sunlight, a tiny crescent shaped birthmark on the corner of her chin, lips like a flower petal.
He’s almost reluctant to let her get away from his grasp when she steps backward, immediately missing her warmth on him. A soldier collects the sword from her, before she tucks her shiv away in its holder. She explains, while draping her pashmina the handmaiden scurried over to give, “You got cocky. You thought you figured out my next move and thereby acted in a manner that made your vision tunnel to the sword in my hand. While you celebrated your victory before your sword even touched my throat, you failed to realise that I had a shiv pointed at your heart.”
Her loud exhale of relief snaps him out of his reverie, her shoulder relaxes a smidge but Harry notices that she’s still tightly wound. Her arms are crossed protectively around herself with her knees towards her chest. She should look out of place in the catamaran he’d bought a few months ago at a bargain - bear boned structure unlike the things she was used to - but she didn’t. Almost like the wooden plank in front of him was made for her. She didn’t look out of place, just a tad nervous. “We’re in the clear,” she declares, once the pier completely disappears from view as he rows over to another bay nearby. It was rocky and jagged, lined with palm and coconut trees, dense with shrubbery sprouting all over the sand with an odd dollop of violet flowers breaking the monotony of green.
“Told you I knew a place,” he smirks. “Besides,” he remarks, leaning backward to get more movement with his row as he navigates away from the rocks and towards the shore. “It’s the least I could do. Disguising yourself and coming all the way to the docks to give me food and bid me farewell.”
“Don’t flatter yourself,” Y/N scoffs. “I didn’t sneak out of the palace for you.”
“Why do I find that hard to believe?”
“Stop being so cocky,” she admonishes him as her eyes fall on the way the muscles on his arm flex and bulge as he moves the oars. The veins on his hands looked delicious with the way he gripped the oars as he tugs and pulls back as he moves. 
“Can’t help it, Princess.” He chuckles. “Especially with you drooling over my arms.”
Y/N feels the heat scorch her cheeks from his comment, immediately tearing her eyes away. “Shut up, Harry.”
“How was your trip to the capital? Did you confront your Uncle?” He inquires, asking her about the incident that led him to break into her chamber. 
“Busy. The capital is never not busy. Dad’s sick,” she adds the last part quietly.
“I’m sorry, Y/N.” There has been a hushed talk among the people about the King’s decline in health. Stories of people coming down from the far East and embedding needles in his flesh, and letting leeches draw impure blood spread like wildfire.
“You’ve got nothing to be sorry about. People contract illnesses all the time. I’m sure it will pass.” She turns to the shores, eyes scanning to see if there are people around and Harry does the same, even if he knows that this area of the bay is always deserted. “I didn’t talk to my Uncle,” she answers. 
“Why not? Won’t it be best to put a stop to it right now?”
“Why would I let him know that I know what he’s plotting?” She shrugs. “It’s not about putting a stop to it, it’s how you do it. I didn’t talk to him. I asked to meet with the governors instead. Told them it was  time we start looking for brides for the future King. With Dad’s health, we must be prepared for Vikaram’s coronation and it would not be a good look, if he did not have a queen by his side at age of twenty five.”
“That helps how?”
“Easy. While they were busy squabbling over what kingdom to approach for talks of courtships, with fear brewing in their chest about the possibility of the Dynasty having added support from another kingdom. I’d simply said that I do not wish that and I would much rather prefer that the Crown Prince marry a Chola woman of nobility - one that knows our ways and our people. I’d pointed out that many of the governors - especially the ones who were meeting with my Uncle - themselves have daughters who were fit to be the future queen,” she smiles, satisfied with herself.
“Smart. There’s no way they’re going to support your Uncle now. Pitting swindling tax money and being the power that comes with being father of a future queen. Why would they not want to be the in-law of the Crown?”
“Exactly. You seed the idea of climbing up the ladder, and they are putty. There’s nothing more seductive than power. My Uncle’s support ought to dwindle.”
She is a good politician and the thought makes his chest swell in pride. Harry will never understand royal life. He covets the glitz and glamour that comes with hitting the genetic lottery but the more he spent time with the heirs the more he learnt that it was all exhausting mind games, endless duties to fulfil along with conducting yourself the way people deemed fit. It must suck. Uncle who doted on you growing up is the same one that's planning to overthrow you all this time, he thinks. He pulls the oars in when he feels the boat make contact with the sand bed, jolting the two in the wooden structure. 
Y/N lurches forward from the sudden movement, hands coming to grip his forearms to brace herself. “Sorry,” she mumbles, straightening up and squaring off her shoulders. 
“Are you sure you didn’t come all the way to the docks to not see me, Princess?” He teases. 
“You think highly of yourself, Harry,” she laughs, reaching in her linen bag and shifting through it. 
“How could I not? Besides look at where you got me,” he gestures to the scenery around them. It was just the two of them on his catamaran by the shore, the sun shining high up in the sky, and a cool breeze makes it way to them making the leaves and branches of the trees dance in its rhythm. Awfully convenient, he wonders as they bask in the solitude of the crashing waves and the screech of birds. 
“I got you?” She scoffs, raising her eyebrows. “If I recall correctly, it was you who pulled me into your boat. So, who got who alone?” 
A right menace, he shakes his head. “Why are you here then, Y/N?” He hopes it’s to continue where they’d left off that night, his body pressed up unbelievably close to her. He doesn’t miss sparing a glance - when she tucks a stray stand of hair behind her ear, inadvertently moving the fabric of her saree exposing the soft skin of her belly rising and falling as she breathes.  Even without all the fanfare around her appearance, she never looked less gorgeous.
She opens her palm, revealing a few brown candies wrapped in thin butter paper. A candy he knew all too well. It was popular in the port town. Sweet tamarind candy. “For these,” she admits. “My family thinks I should not be eating peasant treats. So, whenever I come to town to check on how the people are doing and how the children are responding with the school’s curriculum, I make sure to buy this in bulk from the market and stash it in my room.” 
“You do it often?”
“Not as often as I like,” she admits, stuffing them back in her bag. 
“Didn’t peg you as a sneak. Why not come to check on the people as the princess?”
“Because people don’t talk to me. They talk to the Princess. The crown. If they know I’m coming, they don’t see me, they see the ostentatious display of wealth and put on the best version of themselves. I want my people to talk to me, unfiltered as possible.”
“I’m surprised you haven’t been caught,” Harry claims. “It’s not the best disguise, Y/N. I can see right through it.”
“That’s because you actually bother to look at me. You’d be surprised how little people actually look into my eyes. People don’t pay attention to people they don't care about, especially ones that are from a lower caste and don’t draw too much attention to themselves. You’d be surprised how many people bumped into me today without so much as an apology.” She laughs, the tinkling sound cutting right through the monotonous sound of waves carding against the shore. “Besides, I’ve got my lady-in-waiting covering for me and my guards are standing outside the door, thinking I’ve taken to the bed,” she shrugs. 
“Next time let me know.” The words tumble out of Harry’s mouth before his brain can comprehend. “Can’t have people bumping into you.”
A smile blooms across her face. “I’ll survive. Thanks for the offer though,” she replies, pursing her lips together in an attempt to refrain from telling him how cute he looked. 
“You know,” Harry starts, taking one of her hands in both of his. “I was kinda hoping you came here and demand that you continue where we left off,” he confesses, green eyes flicking up at hers to gauge her reaction. 
Y/N can’t help but reel at the sensation of his slightly calloused thumb drawing circles on the back of her hand. “What if I did?”
“I think I would like that very much.” Harry gives her a shy smile. “Was kinda beating myself up for not kissing you that night.”
“I didn’t know you liked me. Much less in a sexual manner-”
“I think it’s more than lust, Y/N,” he confesses, bringing her hand up and brushing his lips against her knuckles. 
“Did you um- have you… touched yourself more to the thought of me?” She asks him quietly, hoping that he did not bed other women in town after that night.
“What do you think, hmm?” He responds with a smile. He had come on his stomach and hands an embarrassing amount of times replaying that night. It was pathetic how much she had him in a chokehold.
“I would like to kiss you,” she says, scooting forward to slot her knees between his. “Would you like that too?”
He nods, tongue licking his lips in anticipation as his heart kicks up again. The butterflies start flapping about in his tummy as she leans in with puckered lips. He backs up in the very last second when his lips were an inch away from hers, making her headbutt him in the process.
“I said that I’d like to kiss you not that you could,” he explains when she looks at him with furrowed brows. “You gotta ask me nicely, if you want me to kiss you,” he teases, kissing the tip of her nose. 
“You want me to beg?” She scoffs.
“Not necessarily but it won’t hurt to throw a please in there,” he mutters against the flamed skin of her cheek as he trails wet kisses up to the corner of her eye.
Her breath washes over him as she sighs, “Fine. Just this once though, don’t get used to it. Kiss me, pl-”
He cuts her off, smearing his lips with hers. Her lips were softer than he could have dreamt. His hands immediately move to cup her cheeks, tilting her head, so their noses weren’t smushed. He holds her delicately, like she was made of the finest crystal. Their eyes flutter close as their body relaxes into each other, lips moving in sync like they were destined to do this. Her palms slowly creep up his chest, resting firmly at the crook of his neck, grinning at the way she pulls a pleasured hum from him. Kissing someone never felt this right to Harry. They do it once, one more time, and another time before their lungs force them apart to pull in air. He leans in to peck her swollen lips again, silently thanking the ocean for bringing him to her.
Harry was right, he doesn’t think he had it in him to stop now that he had a taste. He reaches forward, wrapping a strong arm around the small of her back, while the other cradles her bum, pulling her onto his lap eliciting a quiet gasp from her. Y/N doesn’t waste time connecting their lips again. Only this time, Harry swipes his tongue across her bottom lip - seeking permission. His hands grip her in place at her ribs, resting right below her breasts. She opens up for him willingly and he wiggles his tongue into her mouth, licking hers hesitantly. She moans into his mouth, fingernails pressing crescents on the defined muscles of his back. He grunts out, feeling the heat pool from his chest and making its way south to his throbbing cock. They slot together perfectly, Y/N can’t help but grind down to help relieve the pressure building up in her tummy. 
“Do you like it?” He pulls back checking in, talking against her lips as they pant against each other.
“Very much,” she answers, fluttering her eyes open as her forehead rests against his. “Am I satisfactory in this kissing ordeal?”
Harry lets out a boyish laugh, the one that makes the corners of his eyes crinkle and the dimples in his cheek deepen. “You are heavenly, Princess.”
Y/N gives him a satisfactory smile. “You have a scar here,” she notes as her eyes focus on the small cut under his left eyebrow.
“Got it from a fishing hook when I was nine,” he tells her. They’d been on this ship for a month now and Harry was getting restless, so he’d convinced one of the crew men to teach him to throw a line. Instead of waiting for the instructions, he simply grabbed the pole and whipped it around, resulting in a gash and his father incessantly yelling at him for being careless.
Her fingers feather over the mark, ghosting over the skin. Her touch was so gentle that Harry wondered if she was afraid that blood might ooze out if she put any pressure. He goes to tease her but she beats him to it, pressing her lips to the scar. She lingers breathing in his scent - a musky woody one underlying the smell of the salty sea.
Y/N’s gesture makes his breath hitch, a lump forming in his throat. The delicate nature of her action, knocked the wind out from his solar plexus. He didn’t realise he craved tenderness until now, there was no one to kiss his boo boos on the boat. He barely registered the pain back when the fish hook tore through his flesh, instead he was apologising to his father telling him that he’ll be better while pressing a muslin cloth to the wound. No one has been this tender with me. “Y/N,” he breathes out as a single tear rolls from his eye, “Thank you.”
She doesn’t understand why Harry’s crying as he thanks her but she gives him a comforting smile thumbing away the tear as he sniffles. He kisses her again, slipping his tongue into her mouth as they both sigh in satisfaction. That’s how they stay for the next hour, tangled together as desire simmers in their nerve endings. Lips caressing each other, as their tongue prods and rolls around in each other's mouth. Harry’s hands rests on her hips, fingers finding the skin of her stomach rubbing circles into them as Y/N tests Harry by making him moan as she tugs on the curls at the nape of his neck. The catamaran lazily bobs in the water not wanting to disrupt  the two, like the ocean understood that they were going to part with each other soon. But the sky had other plans, a distant rumble of thunder jolting them apart, reminding them of reality. Y/N shuffles back to her seat despite his grumbled protests, reaching in her bag to hand him some copper coins, “For your trouble,” she explains. 
“You’re paying me for kissing you?” He chuckles.
“No! It’s for rowing me here from the docks.”
“I didn’t do it for the money.”
“I know but I insist,” she states firmly.
He examines the coins in his palm and laughs. “I don’t understand how you haven’t been recognized in the markets. These are the shiniest copper coins I’ve ever laid eyes on,” he comments. 
Harry’s right. The Princess had no use for copper coins, she only used gold. The coppers denominated smaller values of money and had no place among royalty. She usually goes out of her way to request some from the mint in the capital, telling her father that she needs them to throw into wells when she makes wishes. Y/N thinks wishes were lame and if her father knew her any better, he’d catch on to the fact that she had been using the coppers to visit the markets. People rarely had brand new coins because it dulled and discoloured from use. No would have so many on them at once.
Their farewell was brief. Harry helps her to the shore, telling her how to sneak back into her castle. She interrupts him when he lets her know that there's a spot  - one that’s covered in vines and deceptive to the untrained eye - low in the stone back wall of the butterfly garden of her grounds, telling him that she was the one who designed it to aid in her sneaking out. He pulls her in a long tight hug, breathing in her floral scent as he mumbled goodbyes against the column of her throat he was busy trailing kisses on. It wasn’t lost on Harry that Y/N was trying to sneak some of the candy she’d purchased into his pockets.
“Show this to the soldiers,” she pulls out her golden ring, which bore the sigil of her family. “You won’t need to sneak in. Tell them I sent you and show them the ring, they’ll take you to Karthi.”
He nods, slipping the ring on his pinky, before kissing her with reckless abandon as his hands move down her back, grabbing a fistful of her bum and squeezing it. Y/N laughs, poking his side before getting on her toes again, to plant a kiss on his cheek. He wades into the waves, pushing the boat further out into the open water.
“Be careful, Harry,” she calls out from the shore when he hops on the boat. “You know with the storm and all. Don’t want you getting lost in the middle of the ocean,” she jokes weakly but even from far Harry could tell that her eyes were full of concern.
“Promise,” his voice rings out with sincerity. “Got someone to come home to now, haven’t I, Princess?” He teases one last time, giving her a wave.
“Promise,” his voice rings out with sincerity. “Got someone to come home to now, haven’t I, Princess?” He teases one last time, giving her a wave. 
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