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pub-lius · 18 days

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Hey there, it's the anon who asked about Maria Reynolds! I realized in hindsight (read: two seconds after I sent the ask lmao) that I got her mixed up with Maria Cosway, and then I realized that I don't know crap about her either. Reading past posts you seem to mostly cover stuff about Hamilton and the people surrounding him, and also Maria Cosway isn't American lol, but I hope you don't mind me at least asking anyway? Sorry for rambling it's cool if you don't answer

hey welcome back! don't worry, you're not the first nor the last person to do that lol. and don't worry! europeans are welcome here, so maria cosway is fair game for asking about. however, apologies for asking questions aren't so i hate you (jk ily <3) now i won't be able to go into as much detail because im not drawing from much of my own personal knowledge, but my internet sources will be linked!

Source: The Judgment of Korah, Dathan and Abriam by Maria Louisa Catherine Cecilia Hadfield Cosway

Maria Louisa Catherine Cecilia Hadfield Cosway was the first child of two hotel owners in Florence, Italy. As a young girl in a convent, she showed proficient artistic talent in both drawing and music. She was educated by Johann Zoffany and introduced her to other European artists.

She began painting by copying other works when she began to get recognition, allowing her to travel Italy. After her father's passing, she moved to London in 1779 and became well connected. One such connection was with Angelica Kauffman Church (not the same as Angelica Schuyler Church, though she was friends with her two) who was also a female painter.

Maria was introduced to Richard Cosway in London, and they were married in January 1781 for primarily financial reasons. The couple were within the most fashionable circles of the time. In 1786, the Cosways went to Paris where they met Thomas Jefferson. Maria and Jefferson became friends who flirted an excessive amount, and I found a really interesting article on that here.

Unfortunately, her husband was a grade-A asshole who wouldn't sell her works and stunted her artistic growth. I'm an artist, and I can tell you, a few months off can really do a lot of damage to your muscle memory and suddenly everything you put on paper looks like absolute shit, so I feel for her.

Maria had her only daughter, Louisa Paolina Angelica, in May 1790 but her health suffered afterwards. She went to Italy to recoup and returned to London in 1794. In 1796, her daughter tragically died.

Maria coped by turning to religion, Catholicism to be specifically (been there too, she just like me fr). However, on the plus side, she got her prints published by Rudolph Ackermann and made etchings of paintings at the Louvre which had been stolen during the Napoleonic Wars. She actually knew the Bonapartes personally and their patronage allowed her to open a girls' school at Lyons in 1803, which is so badass. She would later open another school for girls in Lodi in 1812.

Her husband died in 1821, and she sold his work at auction. She used some of the profit from these sales to fund her school in Lodi which is so fucking metal. She was actually made a baroness by the Austrian Emperor and Empress after they visited her school. That's also fucking metal.

She lived the rest of her life in Lodi where she died in 1838 near her school. In conclusion, Maria Cosway was more badass than I realized, and I think she's absolutely lovely. RAHHH WOMEN!!!

I hope this has helped. Again, sorry I haven't been able to go as in-depth, but I don't know Maria like that. I'm gonna give you extra sources just because I love you so much. I hope you can find a jumping off point!! European painters are always interesting, especially if they're badass, metal women who kick names and take ass, so I encourage you to do more research!!!

Sources: Maria Cosway- Royal Academy of Arts

Royal Collection Trust- Maria Cosway Collection (this has her art!!)

American Heritage- Thomas Jefferson and Maria Cosway (this was quoted in the post!)

Yale Center for British Art- Maria Cosway Was a Part of England's First Celebrity Art Couple

#history #maria cosway #maria hadfield cosway #european history #italian history #art history #women's history #18th century #1700s #1800s #19th century #thomas jefferson #angelica schuyler #angelica schuyler church #asks

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adeoetregina · 2 years

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MODERN INSTAGRAM AU>> Hamilton >> The Women of Hamilton

#hamilton #eliza hamilton #eliza schuyler #elizabeth hamilton #angelica schuyler #angelica schuyler church #peggy schuyler #maria reynolds #hamilton family #alexander hamilton #hamilton musical #hamilton the musical #eliza schuyler hamilton #instagram au #modern au #historyedit #history #this was ment to be the entire cast but the men are so hard to do and it has been in my drats for like two years so here you go

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rmsstevielol · 7 months

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Hot take: Angelica Schuyler is a bad sister in the musical🫣

In the musical to clarify! Irl I don’t think she was quite as bad and even though her and Alexander had a close relationship and maybe Angelica did have some sort of crush on Alexander but she was also very much in love with her own husband and there isn’t any evidence whatsoever for an actual affair. Some people said that she saw him as more of a brother but honestly no one knows for sure.

In the musical she goes on and on about protecting her sister and making sure her she has a good life but then goes onto having some sort of an affair with her husband and flirts with him at any chance she gets but then as soon as it comes to The Reynolds Affair coming out she’s suddenly by her side completely, she’s sort of a hypocrite. I know she means well but as a younger sister I know that if my older sister did that to me i would not forgive her or my husband for that matter. Obviously Alex is in the wrong here too in the musical but a lot of people already know that and dislike him for the way he treated Eliza unlike Angelica who they seem to completely idolise and love despite her also going behind Eliza’s back as well.

#amrev #american history #alexander hamilton #american revolution #alexander hamilshit #eliza schuyler #angelica schuyler #Angelica schuyler church #John church #hamilton musical

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vicontheinternet · 1 year

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angelica schuyler telling her sister and alexander whom she was in love with that she’s getting married to a wealthy man and moving to london and kate sharma telling anthony that she’s moving to india

#hamilton the musical #angelica schuyler church #alexander hamilton #hamgelica #kate sharma #antony bridgerton #kanthony #i don’t go here but I see what I see #memes

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yr-obedt-cicero · 1 year

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I was today's years old when I learned that Angelica Church apparently had the nickname Anne?

#I wonder if Angelica H. ever had the same nickname #amrev #american history #american revolution #angelica schuyler church #angelica church #angelica schuyler #alexander hamilton #historical alexander hamilton #history #letters #Cicero's history lessons

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nordleuchten · 1 year

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Did Lafayette meet the Schuyler sisters during his 1777-1778 time in New York?

Hello Anon,

it appears so. La Fayette was in Albany to plan an Invasion into Canada, which was later aborted. In this context he met General Schuyler for the first time in person whom he previously only knew by reputation.

He wrote in his Memoirs:

He also became well acquainted with Schuyler, Gates’s predecessor. Disgraced like St. Clair, Schuyler still served the cause and was very useful because of his superior intellect, his presence in that part of the country, and the confidence that the state of New York, of which he is a citizen, had in him. (…) A little later, Schuyler and Duane, commissioners for Indian affairs, scheduled a general assembly at Johnstown on the Mohawk River. Recalling the Indians’ former attachment to the French, M. de Lafayette went there by sled to show himself to these nations that the English had tried to raise against him.

Idzerda Stanley J. et al., editors, Lafayette in the Age of the American Revolution: Selected Letters and Papers, 1776–1790, Volume 1, December 7, 1776–March 30, 1778, Cornell University Press, 1977, p. 246-247.

While La Fayette never anywhere explicitly states that he met the Generals children, it is very safe to assume that Schuyler invited the prominent Marquis over for dinner of the like. Most of the children still lived at home but Angelica Schuyler, the oldest of the sisters, had recently married John Baker Church (June 23, 1777). General Schuyler was not at all happy with her choice of husband and since the couple had eloped, I do not think that she was often at home during this time.

La Fayette also met Elizabeth Schuyler, later Elizabeth Hamilton, during the army’s winter encampment in Morristown in 1779/1780. Eliza was staying with one of her uncles who was a doctor in the army and lived close by. The Marquis was not able to make it to the Hamilton’s wedding, but he always took great interest in Hamilton’s in-laws, often referring to them in letters just like here in a letter from December 9, 1780:

I Beg, my dear hamilton, you will present my Best Respects to your Lady, Miss Schuyller, Miss Peggy and all the family. My Compliments wait on Gel Schuyller. Adieu

“To Alexander Hamilton from Marquis de Lafayette, 9 December 1780,” Founders Online, National Archives, [Original source: The Papers of Alexander Hamilton, vol. 2, 1779–1781, ed. Harold C. Syrett. New York: Columbia University Press, 1961, pp. 518–521.] (01/16/2023)

He also had extensive contact with Angelica Schuyler Church between 1783 and 1785 when the Church’s lived in Paris.

I hope you have/had a lovely day!

#ask me anything #anon #marquis de lafayette #la fayette #french history #american history #american revolution #alexander hamilton #philip schuyler #angelica schuyler church #john baker church #letter #1777 #1778 #1780 #founders online

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betsey-socialite-1757 · 9 months

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Did you get along with Abagail Adams?

This one’s actually a fairly straight forward, yes or no.

The answer is yes.

Mary Floyd Tallmadge, as well.

We didn’t indulge our husbands political squabbles, and my sister, Angelica, admired both of them immensely.

#ic / best of wives & best of women #abigail adams #answered #john adams #about betsey #Mary Floyd Tallmadge #women in history #benjamin tallmadge #ben tallmadge #alexander hamilton #eliza schuyler #eliza hamilton #angelica schuyler church #angelica schuyler #Eliza Schuyler Hamilton #amrev #amrev fandom #american revolution #women supporting women

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46ten · 1 year

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The Hamiltons and their Dutch Reformed wedding

[Text from Religions of the United States in Practice, Volume 1].

Alexander Hamilton and Elizabeth Schuyler were married on Thursday, December 14, 1780, in the largest parlor of her parents’ Albany mansion, by a minister of the Dutch Reformed Church, as is recorded in the church registry of the Reformed Dutch Church of Albany (now First Church in Albany). Domine Eilardus Westerlo,* the second husband of Catharina Livingston Van Rensselaer (mother of Stephen Van Rensselaer III) had presided at Angelica and John Church’s wedding at the Van Rensselaer Manor house north of Albany three years prior, but it’s unknown to me if he also was the minister for the Hamilton wedding.

It’s easy to speculate that AH, at least, thought that he and Eliza would be married at Morristown that spring 1780 - it was not common to have an engagement lasting several months, and it would have made sense to get married before the campaign. Morristown had both Anglican and Presbyterian ministers. But Philip Schuyler poured cold water on that, stating in a letter that it would not be proper for them to be married at Morristown (and certainly, not to elope). In one of his letters to his fiancee AH complains that their engagement has lasted “an age,” and in another asks if she would still like to elope - it’s easy to see that he was going along with this delay to make her family happy.

If AH, who stated in 1771 that he was a member of the English Reformed Church, and then had ties through Rev. Knox to the Scotch Presbyterian Church, had mixed feelings about marrying in the Dutch Reformed tradition, it is unrecorded, although he is quoting from the Anglican marriage rite in his Oct 1780 letter to Eliza and his reference to “nuptial benediction” is from Anglicanism (I wonder if he grimaced when he read this totally non-poetic marriage rite below, compared to this one). He and Eliza’s first child, Philip, was baptized at the Reformed Dutch Church of Albany on Feb 11, 1782, with Philip’s grandparents as witnesses. And maybe AH really took the marital admonitions from this Liturgy (quoting Matthew 19) to heart [see page 3 below], as he supported folks only being allowed to divorce in the case of adultery (not for cruelty, not for abandonment), which remained NY state law until 1967.

So let’s talk cool facts about the Dutch Reformed tradition in America:

One book that every (Dutch American) colonial family was certain to possess was a kerkboekje (church book) - containing the Dutch metrical Psalter (with the Genevan tunes), the Heidelberg Catechism, and the Netherlands Liturgy - which they carried with them to church every Sunday. In more well-to-do families, every person had a kerboekje of his or her own. Because of their high birth rate, Dutch Americans were able to maintain their language and culture under the English regime for another century. Their culture was so tenacious that the French and German immigrants who later settled in the Hudson Valley adopted Dutch as their language rather than English. [Here I interject that Sojourner Truth, born into slavery in 1797 in Swartekill, NY, was a native Dutch speaker who likely never lost that accent - her “Ain’t I a Woman?” speech was translated to a Southern dialect.]

After a hundred years of English rule, however, Dutch eventually lost its place as the language of New York and New Jersey.

English language preaching was introduced in 1763, and the church book was translated to English in 1767, becoming the New York Liturgy that became standard across all English-speaking Dutch Reformed Churches in the world. (Services in Albany would stay in Dutch through most of the 1780s, although I’m certainly hoping that their wedding wasn’t in Dutch, a language that I don’t believe we have any record of AH speaking.) This language certainly doesn’t have the flourishes of the Anglican liturgy - it’s pretty appalling from a literary point of view.

We know that Dutch women enjoyed stronger inheritance rights and a more elevated status than did their English peers. In cases of Dutch-English intermarriage, the couples usually ended up Dutch Reformed.

Obviously not the Hamiltons, who after Philip would baptize their next three children in the Episcopal Church (the Anglican Church of the USA) in 1788; the Hamiltons would remain Episcopalians for generations. Angelica Schuyler Church also became Episcopalian (and is the one we actually have a contemporary record of going to church with her own and the Hamilton children, other than presumed attendance for baptisms and at the 1st inauguration of GW), which makes total sense since she married an Englishman. It also makes sense that AH would return to the religious liturgies of his youth [See my lengthy post about the Hamiltons’ religious preferences.]

Getting back to the wedding stuff - although this researcher states that marriages were usually in church, I suspect that was for the plebs. Other books cite wealthy Dutch-Americans marrying at their homes, and then the bride wearing her finest outfit to church on the Sunday following her wedding. I have never found a reference to the Schuylers as a particularly pious family, nor have I found a reference to Philip Schuyler maintaining a pew for his family at the church in Albany. His youngest daughter does not cite him as an attendant, but as someone who kept private devotions and would sometimes recite a prayer service for the household (this was not at all uncommon).

Dutch American weddings were big, community, raucous affairs, almost everyone agrees. “Complaints about carousing and excessive drunkenness were not uncommon.” Philip and Catharine likely wanted to throw such a party!

Although they clearly wanted to witness and then throw a crazy party afterwards, Elizabeth’s parents would have played no role in the wedding itself. There was no giving away of the bride as there is in the Anglican rite, where the father (usually) affirms that he is giving “this woman to be married to this man.” Instead, this was a ceremony for two grown sober adults, choosing to live in the Married State, the Institution of God [see below].

Anyway, getting to the real point: below are my not-good photos of the form of marriage of the New York Liturgy. Considering the dates of this liturgy, this is likely what was read to and said by the Hamiltons at their wedding. This has some typical Reformed catechesis - “God will...judge and punish Whoremongers and Adulterers,” “Resist all Wickedness,” “Believe these Words of Christ, and be certain and assured, that our Lord God had joined you together in this holy State. You are therefore to receive, whatever befalls you therein with Patience and Thanksgiving, as from the Hand of God, and thus all Things will turn to your Advantage and Salvation.” It even starts off with such a great tone: “Whereas Married Persons are generally, by Reason of Sin, subject to many Troubles and Afflictions...”

A line that is unfamiliar to me from other Christian marriage rites: “[to the husband]..you are to labor diligently and faithfully, in the calling wherein God hath set you, that you may maintain your Household honestly, and likewise have something to give to the poor” [my emphasis]. And I am unaware of any other major Christian marriage rite that so blatantly states St. Paul’s admonition to get married to avoid fornication. Calvinism can be so grim (my apologies to any Calvinists reading this, but not really).

If you’ve made it this far, perhaps you’d also like to read about Dutch epithalamia. Epithalamia were wedding poems/songs - more specifically, for the marital bed/consummation - that were popular all the way from the classical period (they likely arose from the very elaborate wedding rituals of the past ancient Greeks/Balkan peoples) but largely disappeared in the late 19th century and have now been forgotten. There was quite a lot of literature/pamphlets/instruction manuals(?) about how to approach one’s wedding night; epithalamia was the far more naughty/raucous cousin to this literature. But I don’t think anyone really took some of this literature seriously:

...The chapter titled ‘Bruyt’ (Bride) highlights how respectable Protestants wished newly-weds the joys of a chaste Christian marriage and advocated the creation of a devotional atmosphere before becoming one flesh. Cats’s instructions about the wedding day cover various topics, such as the behaviour of the wedding guests, the bride and groom’s mental preparation, orchestrating the mood of the wedding banquet, the symbolic meaning of the bride’s crown, conduct at the nuptial bed, and pious conversation between bride and groom.

* h/t to Dr. Tom Cutterham for this, who is also working on a biography (and working to get a publisher for said biography) on Angelica Schuyler Church “which explores the processes of bourgeois class-formation in this period through the lens of her ideas, exploits, and transatlantic voyages.” He’s already released some of his research/early thoughts on “The Labor of Bourgeois Sexuality” during this period, or listen to the podcast, in which he reads from a section of his biography on ASC’s social climbing to get her husband into Parliament, including a ‘risque’ section of a letter from Baron von Steuben to Church.

#Alexander Hamilton #Elizabeth Schuyler Hamilton #Dutch Reformed Church #18th century marriage #Angelica Schuyler Church

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