PODCAST: Cabell Harris

Ad agencies often claim to have no set style, that each campaign is created from scratch, bespoke for every client. It may be true for the mediocre ones, but not the great ones. Nobody used to confuse the work of AMV, BBH and GGT. The same with Wieden, Chiat and Fallon. Today, stick me in front of a tv and I’d fancy my chances at picking the Droga5. Or spotting the Uncommon on a tube…

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Ibn Katheer Early Days (Stories of the beginning of Creation and the early Prophet from Adam to Yoonus) Taken from Al-Bidayah wan-Nihayah

Chapter: Mention of the Creation of the Jinn and the Story of Satan (Part 1) Allah, Most High, says, He created man (Adam) from sounding clay like the clay of pottery. And the jinn did He create from a smokeless flame of fire. Then which of the Blessings of your Lord will you both (jinn and men) deny? (Soorah Ar- Rahman 55:14-16) He, Most High, says, And indeed, We created man from sounding clay of altered black smooth mud. And the jinn, We created aforetime from the smokeless flame of fire. (Soorah Al-Hijr 15:26,27) ‘Abdullah Ibn ‘Abbas , ‘Ikrimah, Mujahid, Al-Hasan and a number of others said that the meaning of the Words of Allah, Most High: from a smokeless flame of fire (Soorah Ar- Rahman 55:15) is: from the tip of the flame, or in another narration, from the purest and best part of it. We have mentioned previously by way of Az-Zuhri, on the authority of ‘Urwah, who reported on the authority of ‘A’ishah that she said: The Messenger of Allah said: “The angels were created from light, the jinn were created from a smokeless fire and Adam was created from what has been described (in the Qur’an) to you (i.e. from clay).” Many of the scholars of tafseer said that the jinn were created before Adam and that the hinn and the binn lived in the Earth before mankind and Allah sent the jinn against them and they killed them, drove them out of it and exterminated them. And they inhabited it after them, because of what they had done. As-Suddi said in his Tafseer on the authority of ‘Abdullah Ibn ‘Abbas, on the authority of Murrah, who reported on the authority of ‘Abdullah Ibn Mas‘ood and on the authority of some of the Companions of the Messenger of Allah, that they said that when Allah had completed the creation as He willed, He ascended (istawa) over the Throne and He appointed Iblees over the dominion of the earthly heaven. He belonged to a tribe of the angels known as the jinn. They were called the jinn because they were the guardians of Al-Jannah (Paradise). In addition to his dominion of the earthly heaven, Iblees was a guardian and the idea grew in his heart that Allah had favored only him above all of the angels. Ad-Dahhak mentions, on the authority of ‘Abdullah Ibn ‘Abbas , that when the jinn caused corruption in the Earth committed bloodshed, Allah sent Iblees against them with an army of angels and they killed them and expelled them from the land to islands in the seas.

western desert

The Western Desert  - Oasis Egypt Safari

Oasis Egypt Safari one of the top safari trip companies will take you to another world for you reconnoiter the various amazing sites that Egypt and desert Egypt, now you can spend the trip astonishing in the western desert.

TRIP OVERVIEW AT  TEMPLES AND MONASTERIES IN WESTERN 

DESERT:-

The very southernmost outpost of Kharga Oasis is marked by a Roman fortress known simply as el-Qasr (literally ‘the Fortress’), a mudbrick structure measuring about 30m by 20m.In the western desert.

In Roman at the western desert, a small protector of troops would have guarded the fortress, but it isn't known whether it was simply a military guard-post or is contagious to control the trade route at the southern end of the Darb el-Arbain.

Qasr Dush is situated about 15 km north-east of qasr in the western desert, where 5 old desert paths met. One of the paths the Darb el Dush led over to the Nile valley of Esna while Edfu, a substantial route through Roman times.

Surrounding the hill of (Qasr Dush) is the site of the ancient town of lysis, one of the oldest Roman ruins in Kharga Oasis. Once a border town commanded by a large garrison of Roman troops.

It contains a mudbrick fortress (Qasr Dush) and two temples To north-east of the fortress in the western desert was an extensive necropolis part where families of funeral workers plied their trade, attested by an archive of around fifty documents dating from AD 237 to AD 314.

The area around Qasr Dush in the western desert has been investigated since 1976 by French archaeologists of the IFAO who have found evidence of temporary occupation possibly dating back as early as the Old Kingdom (possibly Dynasty IV). On the slopes of the hill.

Persian and Ptolemaic Period dominion have been identified and the early fortress which enclosed a rectangular area at the top of the hill was of Ptolemaic or possibly even Persian origin at the western desert. The massive crumbling mudbrick walls of the Roman fortress still 6m to 12m tall in places.

The Romans grow the Ptolemaic structure on this strategic point overlooking the wide desert plain and the town of lysis with its large community and cultivated. Inside the fortress walls, the interior is densely covered with barrack structures, while the underground chambers go down four or five levels.

Abutting the Roman fortress on the eastern side is the residue of a sandstone temple, probably erected by Domitian, enlarged by Trajan and then partly adorned by the Emperor Hadrian during the 1st to 2nd centuries AD. The temple was dedicated to Osiris, who the Greeks transformed into Serapis and to the goddess Isis.

A monumental stone gateway fronts the temple at the western desert and contains a dedicatory inscription by Trajan dated AD 116 as well as graffiti by Caillaud and other nineteenth-century travelers. To the north is a large forecourt containing five columns with its northern end.

The main part of the temple measures approximately 7.5m by 15.5m and contains a pillared hall with four slender columns, this is the best in the western desert, staircase to the roof, an offering table in an outer chamber and an inner sanctuary with a vaulted roof.

Two long side-chambers also had barrel-vaulted roofs. A taller pronaos was later added to the front of the main building. All three Roman Emperors are depicted in scenes carved on the temple walls in western deserts which were reputed to be partly sheathed in gold.

March 1989 at the western desert, French archaeologists discovered a majestic collecting from artifacts, now known as the ‘qasr Dush ’ uncovered a linen-wrapped gilt statuette of Isis a small bronze figure of Horus dressed as a Roman legionary and a bronze figure of Osiris.

a large loose-lidded pottery jar which had been concealed by masonry was found to contain a hoard of gold The religious treasure was of the highest quality craftsmanship and included a golden crown depicting the Roman god Serapis as well as bracelets and pendants of gold and semi-precious stones.

Yet, the

of Egypt has far further to offer than just sand, Here you will detection the Wadi al-Hitan UNESCO World Heritage Site—known for a considerable fossils of some of the precocious forms of the whale.

the four oases of the “Oasis Circle” —Bahariya, Farafra, Dakhla, and Kharga— the secluded Siwa Oasis with its unique culture and many ancient sights, the surreal sculptures in the White Desert National Park, the enormous sand dunes of the Great Sand Sea.

supplementary exist at western Desert Gulf Kebir National Park, where rock art tells us about the thriving life before this mountain plateau became one of the most inhospitable places on earth.

their landscape each into a shapes surreal commonplace and unfamiliar shapes by the dry desert winds. These sculptural formations are best viewed at sunrise or sunset, when the sun lights them with orangey-pink hues, under a full moon At bahariya oasis.

Resembles the landscape a ghostly Arctic appearance At White Desert. The sand around the outcroppings is littered with quartz and different varieties of deep-black iron pyrites, as well as small fossils. On the west side of the Farafra–Bahariya highway, away from the wind-hewn sculptures.

A little to the North of the White Desert, the Black Desert is closer to Bahariya than Farafra; approximately 50 km to the South of Bawiti. The mountains have eroded to coat the desert with a layer of black powder and rocks giving it its name, Towards the end of the Black Desert.

everything methodical with premium attention to detail, desert Egypt attracts not only tourists but also the cameraman. At assured times of the day, you can make unparalleled images, as the shade play forms an even more striking spectacle.

Company Oasis Egypt Safari You progress the most pleasant safari at unbelievable special prices a senior stretch of else beauty, shimmering slant of surreal rock fashioning and, and neoplasm of the Great Sand Sea's massive dunes are simply The Western Desert.

For More Information Get in Touch: Address: bawiti bahariya oasis, Giza, Egypt

Email: [email protected]

phone:+2 01009657455 +2 01223481575+2 01286066502

website: http://oasisegyptsafari.com/

Oasis Egypt Safari Marketing Team.

western desert

The Western Desert - Oasis Egypt Safari

Oasis Egypt Safari one of the top safari trip companies will take you to another world for you reconnoiter the various amazing sites that Egypt and desert Egypt, now you can spend the trip astonishing in the western desert.

TRIP OVERVIEW AT  TEMPLES AND MONASTERIES IN WESTERN DESERT:-

The very southernmost outpost of Kharga Oasis is marked by a Roman fortress known simply as el-Qasr (literally ‘the Fortress’), a mudbrick structure measuring about 30m by 20m.In the western desert. In Roman at the western desert, a small protector of troops would have guarded the fortress, but it isn't known whether it was simply a military guard-post or is contagious to control the trade route at the southern end of the Darb el-Arbain. Qasr Dush is situated about 15 km north-east of qasr in the western desert, where 5 old desert paths met. One of the paths the Darb el Dush led over to the Nile valley of Esna while Edfu, a substantial route through Roman times.

Surrounding the hill of (Qasr Dush) is the site of the ancient town of lysis, one of the oldest Roman ruins in Kharga Oasis. Once a border town commanded by a large garrison of Roman troops. It contains a mudbrick fortress (Qasr Dush) and two temples To north-east of the fortress in the western desert was an extensive necropolis part where families of funeral workers plied their trade, attested by an archive of around fifty documents dating from AD 237 to AD 314. The area around Qasr Dush in the western desert has been investigated since 1976 by French archaeologists of the IFAO who have found evidence of temporary occupation possibly dating back as early as the Old Kingdom (possibly Dynasty IV). On the slopes of the hill.

Persian and Ptolemaic Period dominion have been identified and the early fortress which enclosed a rectangular area at the top of the hill was of Ptolemaic or possibly even Persian origin at the western desert. The massive crumbling mudbrick walls of the Roman fortress still 6m to 12m tall in places. The Romans grow the Ptolemaic structure on this strategic point overlooking the wide desert plain and the town of lysis with its large community and cultivated. Inside the fortress walls, the interior is densely covered with barrack structures, while the underground chambers go down four or five levels. Abutting the Roman fortress on the eastern side is the residue of a sandstone temple, probably erected by Domitian, enlarged by Trajan and then partly adorned by the Emperor Hadrian during the 1st to 2nd centuries AD. The temple was dedicated to Osiris, who the Greeks transformed into Serapis and to the goddess Isis.

A monumental stone gateway fronts the temple at the western desert and contains a dedicatory inscription by Trajan dated AD 116 as well as graffiti by Caillaud and other nineteenth-century travelers. To the north is a large forecourt containing five columns with its northern end. The main part of the temple measures approximately 7.5m by 15.5m and contains a pillared hall with four slender columns, this is the best in the western desert, staircase to the roof, an offering table in an outer chamber and an inner sanctuary with a vaulted roof. Two long side-chambers also had barrel-vaulted roofs. A taller pronaos was later added to the front of the main building. All three Roman Emperors are depicted in scenes carved on the temple walls in western deserts which were reputed to be partly sheathed in gold.

March 1989 at the western desert, French archaeologists discovered a majestic collecting from artifacts, now known as the ‘qasr Dush ’ uncovered a linen-wrapped gilt statuette of Isis a small bronze figure of Horus dressed as a Roman legionary and a bronze figure of Osiris. a large loose-lidded pottery jar which had been concealed by masonry was found to contain a hoard of gold The religious treasure was of the highest quality craftsmanship and included a golden crown depicting the Roman god Serapis as well as bracelets and pendants of gold and semi-precious stones.

Yet, the Western Desert of Egypt has far further to offer than just sand, Here you will detection the Wadi al-Hitan UNESCO World Heritage Site—known for a considerable fossils of some of the precocious forms of the whale. the four oases of the “Oasis Circle” —Bahariya, Farafra, Dakhla, and Kharga— the secluded Siwa Oasis with its unique culture and many ancient sights, the surreal sculptures in the White Desert National Park, the enormous sand dunes of the Great Sand Sea. supplementary exist at western Desert Gulf Kebir National Park, where rock art tells us about the thriving life before this mountain plateau became one of the most inhospitable places on earth. their landscape each into a shapes surreal commonplace and unfamiliar shapes by the dry desert winds. These sculptural formations are best viewed at sunrise or sunset, when the sun lights them with orangey-pink hues, under a full moon At bahariya oasis. Resembles the landscape a ghostly Arctic appearance At White Desert. The sand around the outcroppings is littered with quartz and different varieties of deep-black iron pyrites, as well as small fossils. On the west side of the Farafra–Bahariya highway, away from the wind-hewn sculptures.

A little to the North of the White Desert, the Black Desert is closer to Bahariya than Farafra; approximately 50 km to the South of Bawiti. The mountains have eroded to coat the desert with a layer of black powder and rocks giving it its name, Towards the end of the Black Desert. everything methodical with premium attention to detail, desert Egypt attracts not only tourists but also the cameraman. At assured times of the day, you can make unparalleled images, as the shade play forms an even more striking spectacle. Company Oasis Egypt Safari You progress the most pleasant safari at unbelievable special prices a senior stretch of else beauty, shimmering slant of surreal rock fashioning and, and neoplasm of the Great Sand Sea's massive dunes are simply The Western Desert.

For More Information Get in Touch:

Address: bawiti bahariya oasis, Giza, Egypt Email: [email protected]

phone:+2 01009657455 +2 01223481575 +2 01286066502 website: http://oasisegyptsafari.com/ Oasis Egypt Safari Marketing Team

Catholic Shepherds’ Field Beit Sahour - Bethlehem

As we know the First mention of Bethlehem according to Biblical Records is in the Bible in Genesis, when Rachel was giving birth to Benjamin, after she passed away Jacob went to settle there beyound the Tower, Migdal Eder Tower Genesis 35:21

Tower of the Flock - Migdal Eder Watch Tower

Now if we Read in Mich 4:8 it tells us that, And you, O tower of the flock, the hill of daughter Zion, to you it shall come, the former dominion shall come, the sovereignty of daughter Jerusalem. As we can see that Migdal Eder Tower of the Flock was actually on a Hill that was Called Bat-Zion Daughter of Zion from the source of this Biblical Reference we can also tell that the Tower of the Flock is actually on a Hill and it was called BAT-ZION - Daughter of Zion and at that location where the tower overlooks the fields from the Hill and the sheep that have been used as Sacrificial Animals in Rituals of the Temple of Jerusalem.

Boaz and Ruth one of the Bible Love Stories

About 1250-1050 BC the fields of Beit Sahour - Bethlehem was love scene for these two Biblical Figures, the Old Rich Israelite and the Gentile Moabaite Widow, it all Started when Elimelech ( Means My God is King ), and Naomi which means a Blessing and she had two sons Mahlon and Chilion, Mahlon at the times of Feminine they went to the lands of Moab at the times of Judges, of course, the Bible doesn't forget to mention that they were Ephrathites of Bethlehem of Judah. And Actually it is very interesting to know that the Theological Story of Boaz and Ruth is Controversial with Eza and Nehemiah about intermarriage but for us as Christians and as messianic hope that it means the Message of God is for Everyone it is not for specific people we are all his children. Elimelech was the Husband of Naomi , Mahlon Husband of Ruth and Chilion Husband of Orpha. Also the Bible mention for us that it happend during the Barley Harvest so most likely it is the Middle of April, Barely of the First crop was ready for the Harvest by the time of the Passover, in the Middle of April. Elimelech had a inheritance of land among his family but unless a family redeemer a Goel could be found , naomi would be compelled to sell it, but Elimelech a Relative and according to Levirate Law to Marry Mahlon's Widow Ruth in order to carry on his family's inheritance. Boaz was attracted to Ruth, but informed her that there was a relative closed than him, he wwho had the first right to be the redeemer of the Estate of Elimelech and that it would be required for this kinsman to reject hsi right before Boaz could proceed in the matter. Boaz Called this relative to the Gate of the City before the elders and told him that of ruth's situation and his right to Redeem the estate to Marry Ruth, the Relative delcared that he did not desire to do so , and removed his sandal in Symbol that he had renounced high rights in favor of Boaz. Boaz bought the Estate from Naomi and Married ruth , ruth became the parents of Obed, who became the father of Jesse , the Father of King David.

The Shepherds (the first evangelists)

Biblical texts preserve much evidence for a longstanding tradition of shepherding among the earliest peoples of the Bible. Notable biblical figures (such as Abel, Abraham, Lot, Laban, and Moses) tended sheep, often by way of contrast with others, such as Cain (murder of Abel), the “tiller of the ground” (a farmer) (Gen 4:2) Franciscan Catholic Shepherds Field Opening Hours 8:00 am – 16:45pm / Sunday 8:00-11:30/14:00-16:45pm Catholic Shepherds Field is Located to the East of Bethlehem , South East of Bethlehem to be Exact, These Fields Mark the location Where the Angels first announced the Birth of Jesus Christ to the Shepherds also traditionally not only the Site of Annunciation to the Shepherds but also introduced in Ruth 2:2 where Ruth Gleaned in the Fields of Boaz for her self and Naomi. Another Name the Locals Call this Area of the Fields are Siar El Ganem - which could be translated into two meanings the walking area of the Sheep or the Sheepfold, it can be easily reached by taking the first track on the left after Beit Sahour. The Site was Partly Excavated in 1859 by Carlo Guarmani he was an offical from the French Embassy then later on Between 1889 and 1906 the Franciscans succeeded in buying the land and carrying out archaeological Research and Excavations. However the only planned systematic excavations carried out only in 1951-1952 by Father Virgilio Canio Corbo and there they found a huge monastic agriculatural establishment with presses, cisterns, silos and Grottos. The Ruins Beside the new Chapel are from Byzantine Period and as we know the First monastery was founded at the site by the End of the 4th Century AD on a site Occupied during the First century AD by nomadic shepherds so we can say this place was inhabited in the time of Jesus Christ for Sure. The First Century Remains are represented by Oil Press, Grottoes , Pottery, Burial Niches. The Byzantine Monasteries are represented by Church, Courtyards, Cisterns, Bakery, Rooms with Mosaics and Silos. The Monastery was enlarged during the 6th Century the Apse of the Church being reconstructed with stones from the original polygonal apse of the Church of the Nativity. This roman Catholic Site is mentioned as Khirbet Siyar el-Ghanem as Archeological Reference of the Site. This Site was occupised during the First Century by most likely a nomadic Shepherds. A New Church has been built 1953-54 by famous Italian architect Antonio Barluzzi or as we call him the Architect of the Holy Land. According to Jerome Murphy-O'Connor the Writer of the Book The Holy Land: An Oxford Archaeological Guide from Earliest Times to 1700, he says that since the excavations did not bright to light a venerated cave, it is impossible to reconcile this site with the description given by Egeria, and also Jerome said that the site is as simple of many monasteries in the Judean desert during the Centuries when Byzantine monasticism was at its zenith. The Site Does Not Contain a Venerated Cave - Actually it Does the Cave just Next to the New Church is a Venerated Cave since the 4th CenturyJerome Murphy, see it as simply of many monasteries built during the Byzantine period - With all Due respect to Jerome Murphy He is not Biblical Evidence or Archeological Evidence it was just assumption Its lack of special significance is shown by the fact that the site was not re-occupied after the Persian attack 614 - According to the Archeological informatin we have that this monastery actually flourished Between the 4th till the 8th Century. Why I and many others Belive this Could be most likely the Location of the Shepherds Field? This Location have Cave that have been Partly Ecnlosed to Make the New Chapel of Antonio Barluzzi This Location Have been destroyed by the Time the First Crusade Came here but pilgrims continued to visit and commemorate this Site.in the 4th Century a Church has been built by the CaveThis Location was HUGE a complex of Caves containing Tunnels, Rooms, Storage Rooms, and Most important Mikvah that trace back to the First Century at the Time of Jesus Christ. If we compare this Location to other Places in the Area this is most likely the place of the Shepherds, would you follow Writings from 20th Century as evidence or Stone Evidence and archeological Evidence this location was indeed inhabited in the First Century by Shepherds that had Mikvah (Jewish Shepherds) most likely the probably for this site is more than others according to my understanding and research.

The New Church by Antonio Barluzzi The Holy Land Architect

in 1953 a New churh was built in the Site by the Famous Architecture Antonio Barluzzi and Dedicated to the Angels. The church is Known as the New Shrine of (Excelsis Deo) which has a dodecagonal Shape - 12 Angels and 12 Sides with Five Apses having inclined plane that recall the structure of a field tent, even though most likely the Shepherds would have stayed in Cave's not in Tents in Ancient times in this Area specially the First Century, but it was just Symbolic design.

The Religious Concept of the Shepherds Field

Some Shepherds amongst the most despised of the Jewish people went to Adore Jesus, Dazzled by a great light, an angel savior had been born, and they heard a host of Angels praising God who by send the Messiah to the earth, had shown his greatness to the celestial court and given salvation to men. The Sanctuary Designed by Holy land Architect that stands on a rock overlooking the Ruins.it Has a dodecagonal shape with five apses having an inclined plane, recalling the structure of a filed tent like the one that could have been used by the shepherds. The Light Penetrated the Concrete and Glass dome illuminating the interior calls to mind the divine light that appeared to the Shepherds.The Inside of the Church is divided into a nave and two aisles and five apses. in the middle part of the Dome stand 12 Angels around is the verse from Luke 2:14 that says: "Glory to God in Glory to God in the highest heaven, and on earth peace to those on whom his favor rests. "Inside the Church on Three Parts are three sceneries regarding the announcement of the angels, adoration of the shepherds and return of the shepherds. The Fresco of the Scene of the Announcement of the Angels to the ShepherdsThe Fresco of the ADoration of the shepherds The Fresco of the Scene of the Return of the Shepherds Read the full article

Why To Go Bhaktapur?

Bhaktapur is the largest of the 3 Newar kingdoms within the Kathmandu valley of Nepal. Till the half of the 15th century, it served as the capital of Nepal. Listed as a UNESCO World Heritage site, this city is understood from its wealthy culture and well-preserved palace courtyards and temples. it’s home to the country’s ancient art, design, and craft work. From past times, this town lay on the trade route between Tibet and India. Nyatapola Temple, Bhairab Nath Temple, Dattatreya Temple, Changu Narayan, Layaku (Durbar Square), metallic element Pukhu (Siddha Pokhari) and Kailashnath Mahadev sculpture are some of the foremost attractions here. the town is additionally known for its Ju Ju dhau, a special variety of curs, that is believed to possess a unique taste that can’t be found obscurity else in Nepal. well-liked mask dances focused around the lives of various deities are performed here.

Places To Vist in Bhaktapur   Bhaktapur Durbar Square: Bhaktapur Durbar could be a diamond for the entire country, and also the most fascinating structure here is the incredibly known 55 window royal residence. The extravagantly cut windows and entryways are one thing that guests can’t resist respecting. The seat of eminence before 1769 AC, the building currently houses the National Art Gallery; this historical center is best glorious for its wealthy gathering of paubha scroll canvases and wonderful works of art in stone. The world-renowned strait rubs bear with the fifty-five window castle. AN unique example of expertise going back to 1756, it’s the passageway to the refulgent Taleju Temple complicated. getting in it prompts numerous imaginatively outlined patios together with the Royal bath, that is increased with the comprehensive appreciated Golden regulator among others.   The Palace of 55 Windows: The Palace of Fifty-five Windows was worked in the seventeenth century by King Bhupatindra Malla. Among the block dividers with their charitable setting and sculptural define, is an overhang of fifty-five windows. This gallery is a clever end result of wood carving. The Stone Temple of Batsala Devi that is likewise settled within the durbar sq. is loaded with many-sided carvings. This sanctuary additionally sets a stunning case of Shikhara type of engineering in Nepal. there’s a bronze get on the area of the sanctuary which is otherwise known as the “ringer of yapping mutts”. This huge chime, place in 1737 A.D. was utilized to sound register time amid that time.

Taumadhi square: The Nyataponla Temple directs Taumadhi Square. Going back to 1702 AD, the enormous five-storied building is the nation’s tallest pagoda sanctuary. The struts, entryways, windows, and tympanums – every adorned with alluringly cut impressive figures – impeccably depicts the innovative custom of Newar consultants. The sanctuary is committed to god Siddhi Laxmi, the looks of feminine power and originality. the foremost recent important design of this landmark was exhausted 1997 AD by Bhaktapur Municipality utilizing the financial gain it gathered from sightseers. By the Naytaponla Temple is that the rectangular shaped Bhairavnath Temple. It houses a floated bust of Bhairav, the indication for Lord Shiva. The three-storied temple was exterminated to the grounds by the 1934 unstable tremor, and its most up-to-date design was embraced by Bhaktapur Municipality in 1995 AD. Dattatreya Square: This can be Bhaktapur’s third astonishing pearl. The seat of sovereignty until the fifteenth century, the territory still homes an impressive range of noteworthy landmarks as well as varied wondrous chateaus and sanctuaries. The Dattatreya sanctuary is that the elementary fascination of the sq. Developed by King Yaksha Malla, the mammoth three-story sanctuary is accepted to own been worked from a solitary tree. Having challenged arrangement of catastrophes, despite everything it bears declaration to the staggering accomplishment created in those superb days of the Nepalese history.

Taleju Bhawani: Taleju Bhawani was the mother god of Mall Kings. it’s sure that Taleju Bhawani was the mother god of Lord Indra, the God of Rain. In Treta Yug (Silver Age), evil presence Meghraj vanquished Indra in an exceedingly fight and brought the mother god, Taleju Bhawani from Indralok to Lanka, the dominion of his begetter Rawan. At the purpose, once Ravan kidnaped Sita (The spouse of Lord Ram), Lord Ram abused Lanka to bring back Sita. He carried back Sita aboard Taleju Bhawani.   Doleshwor Mahadev: The Doleshwor Mahadev sanctuary is set at Sipadol-6, only 4km south from Jagati of Bhaktapur. This sanctuary is worshiped because of the leader of the Lord Kedarnath. As indicated by the long-held conviction, the leader of the divinity began during this place whereas the remainder of the piece of the body is located in Kedarnath of India. a considerable shake outcrop in the thick of green timberlands is worshiped as a portrayal of Lord Kedarnath. people can touch and love the stone divinity just 3 times every year amid Shiva Ratri, Akshaya Tritiya, and once on the Nepalese month Bhadra to stamp the day the holy shake has proclaimed the pinnacle of Lord Kedarnath Mahadev.

Changu Narayan Temple: Among 7 UNESCO World Heritage Sites within the Kathmandu valley, Changu Narayan Temple is one in all them. It lies on the sloping prime around five kilometers north of Bhaktapur and twenty-two kilometers from Kathmandu. It lies at the elevation of 1540 meter from the ocean level. The twofold upper side sanctuary is committed to Vishnu in his incarnation as Narayan. Accepted to possess been developed amid the Lichchhivi period, Changu Narayan is viewed because of the most established sanctuary of Nepal. The well-known accord and recorded recent engraving advocate that the sanctuary was worked before sixth-century B.S.   Narayan Temple: Devoted to Lord Vishnu, the two-storied structure is one of a kind example of pagoda design. Besides, it is Bhaktapur’s second Pottery Square. Other than Bhaktapur’s three very much acclaimed Square’s, there are numerous different spots inside the breadth where guests can encounter significantly more. The late re-established Ta-Pukhu, Ancha-Pukhu, Khancha-Pukhu, Barahi Temple, Lokeswor Mahavira, Nava Durga Temple, the Terracotta Windows at Tuchhimala and Nepal’s biggest Shiva Lingam at Hanuman Ghat are some of the Bhaktapur’s grand glories which voyagers going to this antiquated city might not want to miss.s Nyatapola Temple: The sanctuary of Nyatapola is organized in the yard of Taumadi square. it’s the tallest and a standout amongst the foremost noteworthy sanctuaries of Nepal. The sanctuary is committed to deity Siddhilaxmi, who is spoken to as the indication of the abundance of Hindu traditional knowledge. it had been worked by King Bhupatindra Malla within the seventeenth century. it’s same that the Lord has truly conveyed blocks for the event of this sanctuary.

Nagarkot: A prime spot in tourist places in Kathmandu, travelers will get pleasure from Himalayan views and therefore the panorama here. Nagarkot is renowned for its gorgeous natural beauty and variety of hotels. The village is stacked up with hotels and accommodations, permitting you to look at nature straight from the balcony. The views itself are breathless and it will get quite cold in here. The sunrise view of the Mt. Everest and different peaks provides this place a substantial edge. the key highlight of this place is that the proven fact that eight out of thirteen range ranges in Nepal are visible from this place. The place is thought for its views of the Kathmandu valley, Shivapuri national park, Number Forest, Rolwaling range, Ganesha him, and Langtang range.   Bhairavnath Temple: This sanctuary was 1st worked as a one-story pagoda nevertheless was later became a 3 story sanctuary in 1718 AD by King Bhupatindra Malla. The sanctuary is noted for its ingenious loftiness. It’s committed to Lord Bhairav, the divine force of dread. The sanctuary of Bhairavnath may be a renowned previous sanctuary found close to the noteworthy 5 storied sanctuaries. The sanctuary homes the icons of Bhairavnath and Became. There’s a widely known legend with reference to the start line of this sanctuary that says Bhairavnath, who was planning to the argot competition of Bhaktapur in an exceedingly camouflage of a person, was noticed by the royal churchman Aachaju and created the endeavor to catch him on his ruler’s request.

Siddha Pokhari: It’s a serious rectangular water lake placed about to the principal town approach of Bhaktapur. It had been worked amid the reign of King Yakshya Malla within the middle fifteenth century and is said to numerous myths. From this find, an intensive style of cold pinnacles is clear on sunny mornings.

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The Case for India by Will Durant

Book Review by : Vijai Singhal The Case for India This book was written by Will Durant, an American writer, historian and a philosopher in 1930 after visiting India. Given below are some of the abstracts from this book which can be freely down loaded from the Internet. The book was written without the help or cooperation by any Indian. Will Durant had made an in-depth study of the Indian civilisation, which he declared as one of the oldest and the greatest civilizations that mankind had ever known. He went to India to see for himself but was appalled to see almost one fifth of the human race suffering poverty and oppression bitterer than anywhere on the earth. He had not thought it possible that any government would allow it’s subject to sink to that misery. The British conquest of India was an invasion and destruction of a high civilization by a trading company utterly without scruple or principle. Writing about the rape of a continent, he says, “When the British came, India was politically weak but economically prosperous. It was the wealth of 18th Century India which attracted the commercial pirates of England and France”. Quoting Sunderland, he says, “Nearly every kind of manufacture or product known to the civilized world existing anywhere had long been produced in India. India was a far greater industrial and manufacturing nation than any in Europe or than any other in Asia. Her Textile goods-the fine products of her looms, in cotton, wool, linen and silk-were famous over the civilized world; so were her exquisite jewelry and her precious stones cut in every lovely form; so were her pottery, porcelain, ceramics of every kind, quality, colour and beautiful shape; so were her fine works in metal-iron, steel, silver and gold. She had great architecture-equal in beauty to any in the world. She had great engineering works. She had great merchants, great businessmen, great bankers and financiers. Not only was she the greatest ship-building nation, but she had great commerce and trade by land and sea. Such was the India which British found when they came.” The East India Company management profiteered without hindrance; goods which they sold in England for $10 million they bought in India for $2 million. The Company paid fabulous dividends that its shares rose to $32,000 a share. By 1858 the British Government took over the captured and plundered territories as a colony of the Crown. England paid the Company handsomely and added the purchase price to the public debt of India to be redeemed, principal and interest at 10.5% out of the taxes on the Hindu people. Province after province was taken over by offering rulers choice between pension and war. James Mills, historian of India, wrote: “Under their dependence upon the British Government … the people of Oudh and Karnatic, two of the noblest provinces of India, were by misgovernment, plunged into a state of wretchedness with which… hardly any part of the earth has anything to compare”. "The fundamental principle of the British has been to make the whole Indian nation subservient... they have been taxed to the utmost limit; the Indians have been denied every honor, dignity or office".... F J Shore testifying to the House of Commons in 1857. "The Governments' assessment does not even leave enough food for the cultivator to feed his family" - Sir William Hunter, 1875. Economic destruction – The English destroyed the Indian industry. India was forced to become the vast market for the British machine-made goods. They ordered that manufacture of silk fabric must be discouraged but the production of raw silk be encouraged. A tariff of 70-80 % was levied on Indian textile while the English textile was imported duty free into India. It might have been supposed that building of 30,000 miles of railways would have brought prosperity to India. But these railways were built not for India but for England, for the British army and British trade. Similarly Indian shipping industry was ruined. All Indian goods were to be carried by British ships. There was a big drain of revenue through payment of salaries and pensions to English officials. In 1927 Lord Winterton showed, in the House of Commons, that there were some 7500 retired officials in England drawing annually pension of $17.5 million. From Plassey to Waterloo, 57 years, the drain of India’s wealth to England was computed by Brooks Adam to be 2½ to 5 billion dollars. Social Destruction – When British came there was a system of communal schools, managed by village communities. The agents of East India Company destroyed these communities and the schools. In 1911 Hindu representative Gokhale introduced a Bill for compulsory primary education. The Bill was defeated. After British took possession of India the illiteracy rate in India increased to 93%. Instead of education the Government encouraged drinking of alcohol. In 1922 the government revenue from sale of alcohol increased to $60 million annually. There were also 7000 opium shops operated by the British government. In 1901, 272,000 died of plague. In 1918 there were 125 million cases of influenza, and 12.5 million recorded deaths. There is a chapter devoted to Mahatma Gandhi and his Satyagraha movement. Gandhi was an idealist. In 1914 when the 1st World War broke, Gandhi saw the war as an opportunity for securing Home Rule by proving the absolute royalty of India to England. India contributed $500 million to fund for prosecuting the war; she contributed $700 million later in subscription to war loans; and she sent to the Allies various products to the value of $1.25 billion. The suspension of the revolutionary movement enabled England to reduce India army to 15,000 men. The number of Indians persuaded to join the army to fight in the war was 1,338,620 which was 178,000 more than troops contributed by combined Dominions of Canada, South Africa, Australia and New Zealand. Indian fought gallantly but none of them were granted a commission. Nothing came of that sacrifice by the Indian people. Lord Curzon wrote: “British rule of the Indian people is England’s present and future task; it will occupy her energies as long a span of the future as it is humanly possible to forecast”. In the later part of the book the writer has stated arguments from England’s side, for example: “if India has seen the decay of her old domestic handicrafts, it is because she rejected modern machinery and methods of industrialization; India did not exist as an entity, there are seven hundred nativ e states, forever at war; no common language, 200 different dialects and the caste system dividing the people etc.”. Later on he debunks these claims, for example the British government has always been friendly to caste, because caste divisions make the British task of holding people in subjection easier, on the principle of “divide and rule”. They encouraged Moslem communities to gain weight against Hindu nationalism. Shifting of capital from Calcutta to Delhi was aimed to secure support of Moslems against the Hindus. In conclusion he states: “I have tried to express fairly the two points of views about India, but I know that my prejudice has again and again broken through my pretense at impartiality. It is hard to be without feeling, not to be moved with a great pity, in the presence of a Tagore, a Gandhi, a Sir Jagdish Chandra Bose, a Sarojini Naidu, fretting in chains; there is something indecent and offensive in keeping such men and women in bondage”. Vijai Singhal Read the full article

western desert

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TRIP OVERVIEW AT  TEMPLES AND MONASTERIES IN WESTERN DESERT:-

The very southernmost outpost of Kharga Oasis is marked by a Roman fortress known simply as el-Qasr (literally ‘the Fortress’), a mudbrick structure measuring about 30m by 20m.In the western desert.

In Roman at the western desert, a small protector of troops would have guarded the fortress, but it isn't known whether it was simply a military guard-post or is contagious to control the trade route at the southern end of the Darb el-Arbain.

Qasr Dush is situated about 15 km north-east of qasr in the western desert, where 5 old desert paths met. One of the paths the Darb el Dush led over to the Nile valley of Esna while Edfu, a substantial route through Roman times.

Surrounding the hill of (Qasr Dush) is the site of the ancient town of lysis, one of the oldest Roman ruins in Kharga Oasis. Once a border town commanded by a large garrison of Roman troops.

It contains a mudbrick fortress (Qasr Dush) and two temples To north-east of the fortress in the western desert was an extensive necropolis part where families of funeral workers plied their trade, attested by an archive of around fifty documents dating from AD 237 to AD 314.

The area around Qasr Dush in the western desert has been investigated since 1976 by French archaeologists of the IFAO who have found evidence of temporary occupation possibly dating back as early as the Old Kingdom (possibly Dynasty IV). On the slopes of the hill.

Persian and Ptolemaic Period dominion have been identified and the early fortress which enclosed a rectangular area at the top of the hill was of Ptolemaic or possibly even Persian origin at the western desert. The massive crumbling mudbrick walls of the Roman fortress still 6m to 12m tall in places.

The Romans grow the Ptolemaic structure on this strategic point overlooking the wide desert plain and the town of lysis with its large community and cultivated. Inside the fortress walls, the interior is densely covered with barrack structures, while the underground chambers go down four or five levels.

Abutting the Roman fortress on the eastern side is the residue of a sandstone temple, probably erected by Domitian, enlarged by Trajan and then partly adorned by the Emperor Hadrian during the 1st to 2nd centuries AD. The temple was dedicated to Osiris, who the Greeks transformed into Serapis and to the goddess Isis.

A monumental stone gateway fronts the temple at the western desert and contains a dedicatory inscription by Trajan dated AD 116 as well as graffiti by Caillaud and other nineteenth-century travelers. To the north is a large forecourt containing five columns with its northern end.

The main part of the temple measures approximately 7.5m by 15.5m and contains a pillared hall with four slender columns, this is the best in the western desert, staircase to the roof, an offering table in an outer chamber and an inner sanctuary with a vaulted roof.

Two long side-chambers also had barrel-vaulted roofs. A taller pronaos was later added to the front of the main building. All three Roman Emperors are depicted in scenes carved on the temple walls in western deserts which were reputed to be partly sheathed in gold.

March 1989 at the western desert, French archaeologists discovered a majestic collecting from artifacts, now known as the ‘qasr Dush ’ uncovered a linen-wrapped gilt statuette of Isis a small bronze figure of Horus dressed as a Roman legionary and a bronze figure of Osiris.

a large loose-lidded pottery jar which had been concealed by masonry was found to contain a hoard of gold The religious treasure was of the highest quality craftsmanship and included a golden crown depicting the Roman god Serapis as well as bracelets and pendants of gold and semi-precious stones.

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Yet, the of Egypt has far further to offer than just sand, Here you will detection the Wadi al-Hitan UNESCO World Heritage Site—known for a considerable fossils of some of the precocious forms of the whale.

the four oases of the “Oasis Circle” —Bahariya, Farafra, Dakhla, and Kharga— the secluded Siwa Oasis with its unique culture and many ancient sights, the surreal sculptures in the White Desert National Park, the enormous sand dunes of the Great Sand Sea.

supplementary exist at western Desert Gulf Kebir National Park, where rock art tells us about the thriving life before this mountain plateau became one of the most inhospitable places on earth.

their landscape each into a shapes surreal commonplace and unfamiliar shapes by the dry desert winds. These sculptural formations are best viewed at sunrise or sunset, when the sun lights them with orangey-pink hues, under a full moon At bahariya oasis.

Resembles the landscape a ghostly Arctic appearance At White Desert. The sand around the outcroppings is littered with quartz and different varieties of deep-black iron pyrites, as well as small fossils. On the west side of the Farafra–Bahariya highway, away from the wind-hewn sculptures.

A little to the North of the White Desert, the Black Desert is closer to Bahariya than Farafra; approximately 50 km to the South of Bawiti. The mountains have eroded to coat the desert with a layer of black powder and rocks giving it its name, Towards the end of the Black Desert.

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Company Oasis Egypt Safari You progress the most pleasant safari at unbelievable special prices a senior stretch of else beauty, shimmering slant of surreal rock fashioning and, and neoplasm of the Great Sand Sea's massive dunes are simply The Western Desert.

Why To Go Bhaktapur?

Bhaktapur is the largest of the 3 Newar kingdoms within the Kathmandu valley of Nepal. Till the half of the 15th century, it served as the capital of Nepal. Listed as a UNESCO World Heritage site, this city is understood from its wealthy culture and well-preserved palace courtyards and temples. it’s home to the country’s ancient art, design, and craft work. From past times, this town lay on the trade route between Tibet and India. Nyatapola Temple, Bhairab Nath Temple, Dattatreya Temple, Changu Narayan, Layaku (Durbar Square), metallic element Pukhu (Siddha Pokhari) and Kailashnath Mahadev sculpture are some of the foremost attractions here. the town is additionally known for its Ju Ju dhau, a special variety of curs, that is believed to possess a unique taste that can’t be found obscurity else in Nepal. well-liked mask dances focused around the lives of various deities are performed here.   Places To Vist in Bhaktapur   Bhaktapur Durbar Square: Bhaktapur Durbar could be a diamond for the entire country, and also the most fascinating structure here is the incredibly known 55 window royal residence. The extravagantly cut windows and entryways are one thing that guests can’t resist respecting. The seat of eminence before 1769 AC, the building currently houses the National Art Gallery; this historical center is best glorious for its wealthy gathering of paubha scroll canvases and wonderful works of art in stone. The world-renowned strait rubs bear with the fifty-five window castle. AN unique example of expertise going back to 1756, it’s the passageway to the refulgent Taleju Temple complicated. getting in it prompts numerous imaginatively outlined patios together with the Royal bath, that is increased with the comprehensive appreciated Golden regulator among others.   The Palace of 55 Windows: The Palace of Fifty-five Windows was worked in the seventeenth century by King Bhupatindra Malla. Among the block dividers with their charitable setting and sculptural define, is an overhang of fifty-five windows. This gallery is a clever end result of wood carving. The Stone Temple of Batsala Devi that is likewise settled within the durbar sq. is loaded with many-sided carvings. This sanctuary additionally sets a stunning case of Shikhara type of engineering in Nepal. there’s a bronze get on the area of the sanctuary which is otherwise known as the “ringer of yapping mutts”. This huge chime, place in 1737 A.D. was utilized to sound register time amid that time.   Taumadhi square: The Nyataponla Temple directs Taumadhi Square. Going back to 1702 AD, the enormous five-storied building is the nation’s tallest pagoda sanctuary. The struts, entryways, windows, and tympanums – every adorned with alluringly cut impressive figures – impeccably depicts the innovative custom of Newar consultants. The sanctuary is committed to god Siddhi Laxmi, the looks of feminine power and originality. the foremost recent important design of this landmark was exhausted 1997 AD by Bhaktapur Municipality utilizing the financial gain it gathered from sightseers. By the Naytaponla Temple is that the rectangular shaped Bhairavnath Temple. It houses a floated bust of Bhairav, the indication for Lord Shiva. The three-storied temple was exterminated to the grounds by the 1934 unstable tremor, and its most up-to-date design was embraced by Bhaktapur Municipality in 1995 AD.   Dattatreya Square: This can be Bhaktapur’s third astonishing pearl. The seat of sovereignty until the fifteenth century, the territory still homes an impressive range of noteworthy landmarks as well as varied wondrous chateaus and sanctuaries. The Dattatreya sanctuary is that the elementary fascination of the sq. Developed by King Yaksha Malla, the mammoth three-story sanctuary is accepted to own been worked from a solitary tree. Having challenged arrangement of catastrophes, despite everything it bears declaration to the staggering accomplishment created in those superb days of the Nepalese history.   Taleju Bhawani: Taleju Bhawani was the mother god of Mall Kings. it’s sure that Taleju Bhawani was the mother god of Lord Indra, the God of Rain. In Treta Yug (Silver Age), evil presence Meghraj vanquished Indra in an exceedingly fight and brought the mother god, Taleju Bhawani from Indralok to Lanka, the dominion of his begetter Rawan. At the purpose, once Ravan kidnaped Sita (The spouse of Lord Ram), Lord Ram abused Lanka to bring back Sita. He carried back Sita aboard Taleju Bhawani.   Doleshwor Mahadev: The Doleshwor Mahadev sanctuary is set at Sipadol-6, only 4km south from Jagati of Bhaktapur. This sanctuary is worshiped because of the leader of the Lord Kedarnath. As indicated by the long-held conviction, the leader of the divinity began during this place whereas the remainder of the piece of the body is located in Kedarnath of India. a considerable shake outcrop in the thick of green timberlands is worshiped as a portrayal of Lord Kedarnath. people can touch and love the stone divinity just 3 times every year amid Shiva Ratri, Akshaya Tritiya, and once on the Nepalese month Bhadra to stamp the day the holy shake has proclaimed the pinnacle of Lord Kedarnath Mahadev.   Changu Narayan Temple: Among 7 UNESCO World Heritage Sites within the Kathmandu valley, Changu Narayan Temple is one in all them. It lies on the sloping prime around five kilometers north of Bhaktapur and twenty-two kilometers from Kathmandu. It lies at the elevation of 1540 meter from the ocean level. The twofold upper side sanctuary is committed to Vishnu in his incarnation as Narayan. Accepted to possess been developed amid the Lichchhivi period, Changu Narayan is viewed because of the most established sanctuary of Nepal. The well-known accord and recorded recent engraving advocate that the sanctuary was worked before sixth-century B.S.   Narayan Temple: Devoted to Lord Vishnu, the two-storied structure is one of a kind example of pagoda design. Besides, it is Bhaktapur’s second Pottery Square. Other than Bhaktapur’s three very much acclaimed Square’s, there are numerous different spots inside the breadth where guests can encounter significantly more. The late re-established Ta-Pukhu, Ancha-Pukhu, Khancha-Pukhu, Barahi Temple, Lokeswor Mahavira, Nava Durga Temple, the Terracotta Windows at Tuchhimala and Nepal’s biggest Shiva Lingam at Hanuman Ghat are some of the Bhaktapur’s grand glories which voyagers going to this antiquated city might not want to miss.s Nyatapola Temple: The sanctuary of Nyatapola is organized in the yard of Taumadi square. it’s the tallest and a standout amongst the foremost noteworthy sanctuaries of Nepal. The sanctuary is committed to deity Siddhilaxmi, who is spoken to as the indication of the abundance of Hindu traditional knowledge. it had been worked by King Bhupatindra Malla within the seventeenth century. it’s same that the Lord has truly conveyed blocks for the event of this sanctuary.   Nagarkot: A prime spot in tourist places in Kathmandu, travelers will get pleasure from Himalayan views and therefore the panorama here. Nagarkot is renowned for its gorgeous natural beauty and variety of hotels. The village is stacked up with hotels and accommodations, permitting you to look at nature straight from the balcony. The views itself are breathless and it will get quite cold in here. The sunrise view of the Mt. Everest and different peaks provides this place a substantial edge. the key highlight of this place is that the proven fact that eight out of thirteen range ranges in Nepal are visible from this place. The place is thought for its views of the Kathmandu valley, Shivapuri national park, Number Forest, Rolwaling range, Ganesha him, and Langtang range.   Bhairavnath Temple: This sanctuary was 1st worked as a one-story pagoda nevertheless was later became a 3 story sanctuary in 1718 AD by King Bhupatindra Malla. The sanctuary is noted for its ingenious loftiness. It’s committed to Lord Bhairav, the divine force of dread. The sanctuary of Bhairavnath may be a renowned previous sanctuary found close to the noteworthy 5 storied sanctuaries. The sanctuary homes the icons of Bhairavnath and Became. There’s a widely known legend with reference to the start line of this sanctuary that says Bhairavnath, who was planning to the argot competition of Bhaktapur in an exceedingly camouflage of a person, was noticed by the royal churchman Aachaju and created the endeavor to catch him on his ruler’s request.   Siddha Pokhari: It’s a serious rectangular water lake placed about to the principal town approach of Bhaktapur. It had been worked amid the reign of King Yakshya Malla within the middle fifteenth century and is said to numerous myths. From this find, an intensive style of cold pinnacles is clear on sunny mornings.

55-Window Palace

Tallest Temple

Siddha Pokhari

Changu Naryan

Bisket Jatra Read the full article