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williamedwardparry · 18 days

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May 24th, 1845: The Illustrated London News runs an informative celebratory article about the Franklin Expedition, which left Greenhithe dock on the 19th. They describe outward and inward features of the ships, which had been visited by reporters, and give an overview of the careers of the ships and of their commander, Sir John Franklin. (In the process they accidentally invert the layout of Fitzjames' cabin, misspell Crozier's and Des Voeux's surnames, and omit to mention Sir John's second marriage.) [Internet Archive link]

Transcription:

DEPARTURE OF THE "EREBUS" AND "TERROR" ON THE ARCTIC EXPEDITION.

A desert waste of waters lies before— Behind, the anxious hospitable shore, Which like a parent bird sees ye depart, Bold wingèd messengers of daring Art ! We know that sunshine always 'round your path Cannot attend ; that rain and tempest's wrath Will be your portion ; but our pray'r shall be You live their fury out right gallantly, And after years you have perchance to roam That science crown'd you safely seek your home ! W.

On Monday H. M. sloops Erebus and Terror left Greenhithe, on their attempt "to penetrate the icy fastnesses of the north, and to circumnavigate America." The fitting out of this expedition was, we believe, definitively arranged by the Admiralty in February last, since which period the requisite equipments have been made ; and, as they involve several novelties, we shall briefly detail them.

The Erebus and Terror, it will be recollected, were fitted out for the South Polar Expedition, in 1839—1843, under the command of Captain Sir James Ross. The Terror had previously visited the Arctic regions ; it being the vessel in which Captain (now Sir George) Back, in 1836, attempted, by "way of Wager River," to trace the northern boundary of the American Continent. This vessel passed up Hudson Strait in August, 1836, and left it on her way home in August, 1837, after encountering extraordinary perils among the ice, and a narrow escape from foundering : she was then compelled to return home in a leaky condition, with her stern-post shattered. This was the fifty-seventh Arctic Expedition from England, commencing with Cabot's voyage (temp. Henry VII.)—the first of the kind that was made from our country; and the Expedition which has just sailed is the fifty-eighth enterprise of its class.

The vessels were put in commission at Woolwich on Tuesday, March 4. The Expedition is under the command of Captain Sir John Franklin, Knight, K. C. H., who is appointed to the Erebus (the larger vessel), with Commander James Fitzjames, Lieutenant Henry T. D Le Vesconte; mate, Charles F. Des Voux [sic]; second master, H. F. Collins; clerk, G. F. Pinhorn; gunner, J. G. Robinson; boatswain, J. G. Terry ; carpenter, W. Weekes. Captain F. R. M. Crosier [sic] commands the Terror, with Lieutenant Edward Little, Lieutenant G. H. Hodgson ; carpenter, Thomas Honey.

The fitting out of the vessels has been superintended and minutely inspected by the Lords of the Admiralty, and other persons distinguished in Polar expeditions. The ships are provided wit hthe most approved Archimedean screw propellers; and in one of the trials in the Thames, the Terror made such excellent progress that she cast off her towing steamer, and proceeded down the river without any additional assistance whatever.

In their visit to Woolwich, the Lords of the Admiralty proceeded to the west-end of the dock yard, opposite the wharf-wall of which was stationed the Rattler steam-vessel, fitted with a screw propeller. Their Lordships witnessed the manner in which the screw was shipped and unshipped by tackle and chains suspended over the starboard side of the vessel, and then proceeded on board the Erebus to witness the manner in which the screw-propeller could be taken on deck and replaced in its proper position, by letting it down through a well formed in the stern of the vessel. The advantages of this mode of attaching and detaching the screw, are self-evident, and the principle is so simple and easy of accomplishment, that any vessel in her Majesty's navy may by its aid be fitted with a screw-propeller, the objection and difficulty of shipping and unshipping it on the outside being completely obviated. Their Lordships went below and witnessed the construction of the tubular boiler and steam-forming apparatus, which occupies but a very small space in the vessel, and by aid of a large pipe, about one foot in diameter, conveys hot water under the deck to warm the men's berths, and all parts of the vessel. The funnel of the furnace is near the side of the vessel under the rigging, and is only about nine feet high. The pipe for blowing off the steam is not three feet high above deck, and is near the centre and over the boiler. Several other ingenious contrivances have been adopted to render the whole as simple and perfect as possible. The decks of the Erebus and Terror are constructed on the diagonal principle, and about twenty feet on each side of the bows of the vessels have been cased with strong sheet iron. There is not any copper sheathing on either of the vessels, as no danger is to be apprehended from the attacks of shellfish or barnacles, the ice soon clearing them from incumbrances of that description.

The arrangements made for the comfort of the officers and crews are excellent. The quantity of stores taken on board is considerable, and consists of preserved provisions of various kinds, a large quantity of tea, and extra strong West Indian rum, 35 per cent. over proof. The consumption is thus provided for a prolonged expedition. Ten fine live oxen have also been shipped at the Woolwich Dockyard, on board the Barretto, Jun., hired transport ship ; she will accompany the discovery vessels to the edge of the ice, and these animals may then be killed, and their flesh preserved fresh for any length of time.

Each ship has been supplied with 200 tin cylinders for the purpose of holding papers which are to be thrown over board, with the statement of the longitude and other particulars worthy of record, written in six different languages, and the parties finding them are requested to forward the information to the Admiralty.

The compasses of the vessels have been adjusted by Captain Johnson, and the most perfect arrangements made for the peculiar service in which the vessels of the Arctic expedition are to be engaged.

We annex, also, a portrait of the gallant Commander of the Expedition, who has already taken a share in three Expeditions to the North. Sir John Franklin is a native of Spilsbury, in Lincolnshire, and was born in 1786. At the age of fourteen, he entered the Royal Navy, as midshipman, and was on board the Polyphemus when Nelson made his daring and resistless attack on the Danish line and batteries off Copenhagen, April 2, 1801. Franklin next sailed with Captain Flinders on his Voyage of Discovery on the coast of New Holland, in which he endured shipwreck. We pass over several other of Franklin's services, but must not omit that on board the Bellerophon, at the Battle of Trafalgar. His first Expedition to the North was as commander of the Trent, in company with Captain Buchan, in the Dorothea, in 1818 ; both vessels returning in the same year.

Lieutenant Franklin's next enterprise was in connection with an expedition of Lieutenant (now Sir W. E.) Parry ; a journey by land, which, in point of severe and protracted suffering, has not been surpassed in the annals of discovery ; he left England in May, 1820, and did not return till July, 1822. In February, 1825, he left Liverpool on a similar journey, and returned in September, 1827.

Captain Franklin was promoted to the rank of Commander in 1821, and to that of Post-Captain in 1822. He is a Fellow of the Royal Society, and has published the results of his several expeditions. He married in 1823, Miss Porden, the daughter of the architect, William Porden, Esq. : this lady unhappily died of consumption, in her 30th year, in 1825.

Our illustrations show the cabins of Captain Sir John Franklin, and Captain Fitzjames, in the Erebus. Sir John's cabin is in the stern of the vessel, and has double windows.

Among the external peculiarities of construction may be mentioned the following: —Round the outside of both vessels is a projection as far as the shrouds, inclosing the chains as a protection against the ice : it is flat on the surface, except at the bows, which form an angle. What is generally the figure head is a solid block of wood ; the vessel is double, and the bows are a mass of timber about eight feet thick. The stern is nearly perpendicular, for unshipping the rudder ; and an ice board is raised above the bulwarks, which projects over the side, to aid in steering clear of the ice. The screw-propeller is worked by an engine of 25 horse power, which formerly ran upon the Greenwich Railway.

#thought i might as well post the whole thing this year!!#franklin expedition #*

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sailorspica · 3 months

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giving reijean complete birth charts

i make fun of yams for making frankly the majority of the 104th and the warrior unit aries and leo suns, including Jean and Reiner (would just say "fire signs," but he doesn't seem to gravitate toward sagittarius birthdays). but just because this cast is lousy with the same sun sign doesn't mean they're identical to their comrades! the differences (and friction of similarity) come from everyone's rising sign, which contextualizes the sun for the individual.

table of contents

methodology

their charts without birth times

the charts

🪐 methodology

this project requires three bold executive decisions: (1) birth times, (2) birth years as proxy for 832-35, and (3) birth location as proxy for liberio and paradis.

birth times, to give us their rising signs. this makes up the majority of this post. besides the above reason, sun + ascendant also tells us if the person was born in the day or night since the ascendant is the sign on the eastern horizon at time of birth. someone born at/around sunrise has the same sun and rising sign, for example.

851 in AoT = 1853 in our world. what about every other planet? astrology is not like MBTI; we don't plug in values willy nilly (my killjoy pet peeve? ppl hc'ing moon signs that are physically, astronomically impossible; moon phases and thus moon signs describe sun-moon aspects). i have to pick a real-world ephemeris range in order to limit my freedom of choice to just rising signs. to advance my own indulgent new historicist reading, i'm looking at ephemerides from the 1830s to fill in the rest of these charts, matching the survey corps repo'ing the marleyan scouting ship to the arrival of the perry expedition in the ryukyu islands.

kinda crazy decision here, but liberio = macau, the walls = osaka. the world of AoT is ours upside-down, sure, but the opposite latitude of madagascar is like, saudi arabia, which i don't think this matches because of climate, and iseyama pretty clearly conceives of paradis with more than two northern hemisphere seasons (the leaves on the tree on the hill). these city choices betray my own research interests, but the antagonism between paradis and marley across a narrow sea feels more like japan vs like all of east asia (including russia) throughout history, but especially the late 19th and early 20th centuries. physically, paradis' northeastern position next to marley (longitude) matters a lot. it's why the birth charts of ppl from northern europe are so weird if you use quadrant house systems.

right away, the 1830s give us the outer/generational planets, where Reiner's 2-3 years seniority does make difference for uranus, the fastest-moving outer: they share pluto in aries and neptune in capricorn, but Reiner's uranus is in aquarius and Jean's is in pisces. i don't rly use these unless they make close contact w inner planets though

specific to reijean / what is fanon at this point

Jean's birth year is pretty unambiguous to me with him and Eren as foils: 835, or 1837.

i assume the cadet corps disbands and assembles each spring. winter happens between the reclamation of wall maria and the SC reaching the sea, which puts the events of seasons 1-2 and s3p1 around april or may, and the return to shiganshina arc in august or september. meaning, Jean and Eren just turned 15.

if Reiner is 17 when the 104th disbanded, he's actually two years and four months older than Jean and Eren; for most of the year (august through march), he seems three years older!! that means he spends his 18th birthday w fellow bday boy Zeke, plus Pieck on aug. 4 :) granted they probably spent that time planning to kill the whole SC, but i like to think Bertie threw them a party :)

birth time / rising sign considerations

do they have a day or night vibe? deadass. briefly, each light "leads" a sect of planets that are strengthened if their leader is in charge. sun = jupiter and saturn and moon = venus and mars; mercury has no allegiance, can go either way (because of mythology; mercury/hermes has to traverse every realm as a messenger). this mitigates "bad" placements or sabotages "good" ones.

also vibe-based: each of the seven classical planets (inner sailor senshi + saturn) traditionally rules two signs, while the moon rules cancer and the sun rules leo. this is often used phrenologically (for racism), but seeing as these men are lines and iseyama speaks about designing them, i think it is okay.

where is person A's sun in person B's chart? and vice versa, and same applies for rising signs and their rulers. for relationships, astrologers sometimes use this to indicate where/how/when partners meet each other.

✨ without birth times

reiner (1834/08/01)

first glance

from midnight to midnight, the moon is always in gemini; last quarter moon (waning).

both benefics (nice planets that "bring good fortune") are undignified, or in signs that do not serve them; the signs are enemy territory. could you say that's a grand metaphor for RBA on paradis, or liberio on marley? perhaps. for Reiner, jupiter is in gemini (detrimented, and conjoined with mars) and venus is in virgo (fallen). both of these are mercury-ruled signs; aka that flighty little bitch of a planet with questionable loyalties. hmmmmm!!!

but saturn is pretty happy (exalted) in libra.

rising sign impulses

right away, he's one of the most diurnal 🌞 men i've ever seen. yams said in some guidebook that he drew him to look like someone "destined for great things," or something to that effect... and probably like, mere months later, he published chapter 97. so yams is a sicko who loves irony. Reiner is a golden, heroic figure until he isn't, like fuckin HELOS i guess, or apollo...

day birth limits our range to leo through capricorn, with some wiggle room in the first few degrees of aquarius; his chart ruler can be literally any option but the moon

because of his unfortunate benefics and the burden of identity, my favorites are: taurus, libra, sag, or leo rising, so he's ruled by either venus, jupiter, or the sun.

houses that feel reiner

6th house: physical labor, the body in service to someone else's interests

8th house: death, enemies (lol), inheritance (i mean come On); wealth gained through other's deaths—take it as eating the previous Armored, or his survivor's guilt re: Marcel and Bertie...

9th house: long-distance travel, leaving home, higher education

12th house: my favorite house, i am biased, but it's a house of like, sickness, loss, isolation, "self-undoing"; shit Jean has no tolerance for. suicidal blockhead behavior.

jean (1837/04/07)

first glance

the moon is always in taurus; crescent moon (waxing).

he has an aries stellium (a cluster of planets all in the same sign), which Eren doesn't—he's actually more aries than Eren, who is "secretly" very piscean. Jean's sun (exalted), mercury, venus (detriment), and pluto are all here.

for Jean, the sun is conjoined pluto within 2 degrees (makes us twinsies; i have a sun-pluto square).

he has a fixed sign t-square: taurus moon, leo mars, and aquarius neptune.

impulses

he could go either way, day or night, but my dumb ass wants them to complement each other for no damn reason

for a night chart 🌚, he can be anywhere from scorpio to aries; his ascendant ruler can be mars, jupiter, or saturn.

yams said he drew him to "look" deceitful; in the anime subs armin says Jean and eren both have "villainous" eyes, which makes me favor cap or aquarius rising.

houses that feel jean

2nd house: creature comforts, valuing security

4th house: home, both his dream of having a home in the interior and the formative significance of seeing trost attacked

6th and 8th houses for similar reasons to Reiner. re: 8th house, i think about Connie's "who'da thunk we'd be the new Levi Squad!" thnx Annie!!

11th house: humanitarianism?? like, a good sense of the big picture, very much values life

💕 synastry without birth times so far

Jean's venus is opposite Reiner's saturn: rich and dramatic, arguably negative, but i think it can be good for them because of their different conditions in each chart. Jean's venus hates being in aries, and looks across the way to libra, where it wants to be, where Reiner's saturn is. it's like Reiner can pull out Jean's ooey gooey feelings that are usually obscured by aries, or come out as just carnal aggression. saturn can be patient with all of that, and i think Reiner finds it cute. venus in aries is very fwb/didn't-know-we-were-dating; saturn in libra is more quiet and reliable, to a point—he will get so frustrated!

they both have jupiter-mars conjunctions that are sextile to one another; they're hot separately and together???? i seriously led with japanese history for picking their fake birth years, i didn't know the sky would say they are hot and have great sex. more than that, a sextile is actually... pretty chill and comfortable? they just click, it's more about being in sync, physically (mars) and philosophically (jupiter).

Jean's jupiter-mars conjunction is conjunct Reiner's sun: more cute shit, they just get each other, also Jean's mars just finds leos hot af, so you can apply to this to Jean + all the warrior leos... actually jupiter and mars are quite slow so like, most of the 104th has this, which may be why they trust Reiner so much

the charts!

i'll only talk about their rising signs and the planets that rule them because otherwise we're here all day:

💛 reiner: ~10:00 ☉, 832/08/01 in liberio, marley

Libra rising ⚖️, Leo sun 🦁, Gemini moon 👯

chart ruler is: Venus ♀ in Virgo/12th house

i like Venus because it feels softer and smaller than jupiter 🥺 e.g., between the two benefics, Venus is a "personal" planet and Jupiter is "social." Jupiter has to be too many things; everyone expects everything from it, the warrior candidates and younger members of the 104th look up to Reiner, he's "Marley's shield," karina burdens him with "uniting their family" (her marleyan citizenship); but he actually isn't all that and isn't suited to it... and I think only people who really really know him, e.g. have strong bullshit meters, know that. imo gabi is getting there early on, since she tells him she can tell he's lying about something, and she and jean are both later decan aries suns...!

i clearly like giving Reiner cottagecore dreams, a small and warm life; as a boy he wanted a nuclear family, and even in the dregs of his mental health, he clung on for the warrior kids. his actual ambitions are just caring and maybe, even more ambitiously, being cared for, and I think that is true to him, not just his Marcel persona.

the 12th house is miserable!! love it there. my more nuanced explanation is it's kind of floating above it all, seeing the relativity of everything, which can feel like disillusionment or liberation or both: Paradis seriously upset his understanding of the world.

Venus doesn't like Virgo/Virgo doesn't care for Venus because there is something quite detached, sterile about Virgo. Virgo is, for Reiner, years of propaganda, habit, "warrior" versus "soldier," all watchwords and reminders at catastrophic odds with his feelings of warmth and acceptance in the 104th—those syrupy, hard-to-name Venus matters that Virgo cannot tolerate.

in Reiner's chart, Taurus, Venus' other domain, is his 8th house: another "dark" house, death and inheritance, guilt, enemies. it also.... is where Jean's moon is.

his Venus squares his Moon, which is a pretty double edged sword. there's something very needy and insecure about these two soft planets making a harsh angle, which, imo, leads Reiner to deeply unhealthy choices to win affection, approval, security—from his parents, from the nation of Marley, from Bertolt and Annie after Marcel's death, etc.

🪐 jean: ~02:00 ☽, 835/04/07 in trost, paradis

Capricorn rising 🐐, Aries sun 🐏, Taurus moon 🐂; this zodiac doesn't have any horses but his big three is all hoofed

chart ruler: Saturn ♄ in Scorpio/11th house

this seems very leader-ly to me; the 11th house is about community, the good of the whole, a humanitarian concern. also very Levi, imo.

Saturn is the diurnal malefic, so its good qualities are delayed or dampened by being in a night chart; Trost activates him.

Jean's growth from a "selfish bastard who only thinks of himself" is, astrologically, a broadening of what community/11th house matters mean to him. first, it is just himself: getting into the MPs at all costs, Saturn confused in a night chart. but then in trost, in the field, he leads for the first time: being selfish for the sake of people who trust him, using the deaths of others for his and his squad's survival. we see this again in the 57th expedition: he clearly sees his, Reiner, and Armin's role as giving up their own lives for the success of the Survey Corps. and his scope of concern gets bigger and bigger: the future of "humanity" in the walls in the uprising arc, and finally all of humanity.

also in the uprising arc, especially in the manga, I see his hesitation to kill as an 11th house morality, sure, part of humanity's charter, but I also deeply DEEPLY love the slow burn trust between Levi and his new squad: Jean kind of deputizes himself between springles and scary Levi himself. this also reminds me of Jean yapping at Armin about mutinying Erwin during the 57th expedition. it's pragmatism man!!! the will and trust of the collective is a better vote of confidence than chain of command

Saturn and Scorpio are pretty neutral to each other, but Scorpio itself is a wonderfully intense, more mature version of Mars; sorry, but it's manga Rei Hino versus 90s anime Rei Hino, with strong environmental and personal intuition. I've been a Jearmin shipper sometimes, and this is where those two boys are simpatico, imo.

Saturn opposes Jean's Aries stellium, but more exactly his Sun-Pluto conjunction. I'll just quote the astrologer Sue Tompkins here: "The Sun-Saturn type is usually a serious person, tending to take themselves very seriously and to take all that happens around them rather personally." bb

the other Saturn-ruled house in Jean's chart is Aquarius/2nd: that's that fine whiskey in the interior, baby

💞 synastry with birth times

Saturn conjoins Reiner's ascendant: even though he's ruled by a pretty miserable Venus, his 1st house is somewhat lifted by Saturn, a morning star/the daytime malefic made nicer by the sun; e.g., he sees Jean's positive Saturninan qualities before anyone else.

Reiner's moon and Jupiter-Mars conjunction are in his 9th house: the happiest parts of his life happen abroad. also, jupiter rules sag and pisces, respectively his 3rd (siblings, everyday routines) and 6th houses (embodiment, physical work and health): "playing soldier," as annie says, or playing marcel, in porco's judgment.

Jean's Jupiter-Mars conjunction is in his 8th house: enemies to lovers hell yah! see my earlier note about Jean and Leos generally (JeanPikku).

Aries (where most of Jean's chart happens) is Reiner's 7th house, aka the spouse house. Again, Jean's April DOB sets him apart from every other damn Aries in this world/their age group, meaning Annie and Eren. the other mars sign is scorpio, reiner's 2nd house; i try to say it my fic Husbandry, but RBA have their material needs met, see Paradis as a real paradise compared to Liberio'a urban lack.

Capricorn (Jean's 1H) is Reiner's 4H: home.

Jean's 7H is Cancer, ruled by the moon; his moon in Taurus trines that sexy Jupiter-Mars conjunction, e.g. looks directly into Leo.

a jeankasa note

Aquarius and Leo are opposite each other, so a lot of Jean's angles to Reiner's Leo-ness are mirrored/also apply to his feelings toward Mikasa; he really has a type, and it's fixed Suns (...armin?? porco??), the opposition that makes his t-square. but the funnier thing is Mikasa and Reiner are kind of natural enemies, mostly bc of mercury oppositions, which would probably be true with any arbitrary birth years bc mercury is rarely far from the sun. just cannot picture those two having a conversation one on one ever, their only significant interaction is mikasa throwing him onto eren

why tf did i do this

i think for my 57th expedition AU they're gonna bicker about using constellations for navigation. that's it

this was long as fuck mostly bc i felt i had to explain interpretation methods but i am happy to do more characters!! if i do anyone next it's probably them jaeger boys, zeke is sag or pisces rising to me (derogatory/affectionate)

#♃#reijean #reiner x jean #reiner braun #jean kirchstein #jean kirstein #aot astrology #aot headcanons #aottxt #jeanbo #reiner #spicastrology

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swforester · 6 months

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Historic Lexington MA. It was here that the first battle of the Revolutionary War took place, early in the morning of April 19th, 1775. Seven citizens of Lexington were killed along with 1 person from Woburn.

"Who fell on this field the first victims of the Sword of British Tyranny and Oppression. " Paul Revere rode through town just after midnight on his famous ride to warn everyone that the British were coming. He would later be captured. The British were marching to Concord to search for and destroy any weapons and ammunition they could found. But because the colonists had been warned the British only found 2 cannons which they destroyed. But when they got to Lexington the colonists were waiting for them. They faced each other on the town green, someone fired the first shot and the American Revolution had begun. Later, another battle would take place in Concord.

Concord Hymn

BY RALPH WALDO EMERSON

Sung at the Completion of the Battle Monument, July 4, 1837

"By the rude bridge that arched the flood,

Their flag to April’s breeze unfurled,

Here once the embattled farmers stood

And fired the shot heard round the world.

The foe long since in silence slept;

Alike the conqueror silent sleeps;

And Time the ruined bridge has swept

Down the dark stream which seaward creeps.

On this green bank, by this soft stream,

We set today a votive stone;

That memory may their deed redeem,

When, like our sires, our sons are gone.

Spirit, that made those heroes dare

To die, and leave their children free,

Bid Time and Nature gently spare

The shaft we raise to them and thee."

plate 1: the Minuteman, ready for battle

plates 2,3,4: the battle monument on the green

plates 5&6: the Munroe House, built in 1729, "a witness to the battle"

plate 7: The First Parish Church of Lexington

plates 8,9,10,11: Lexington Burial Ground, established in 1690-the colonists who died during the Battle of lexington are buried here

plates 12&13: historic sketches of the Battle of Lexington

plate 14: a national park service map showing the route that Paul Revere and the British took , through the towns of Lexington and Concord MA on April 19th, 1775

Lexington MA 12/09/23

#the american revolution #american history #old burial ground #old gravestones #massachusetts #soul effigy

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archduchessofnowhere · 1 year

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In the 19th century, there were 9 marriages between the House of Wittelsbach and the House of Habsburg:

1816, 29 October. Emperor Franz I of Austria (1768-1835) married Princess Caroline Augusta of Bavaria (1792-1873). They had no children.

1824, 4 November. Archduke Franz Karl of Austria (1802-1878) married Princess Sophie of Bavaria (1805-1872). They had five children, four who survived infancy.

1842, 30 March. Francesco V, Duke of Modena and Archduke of Austria (1819-1875) married Princess Adelgunde of Bavaria (1823-1914). They had one daughter who did not survive infancy.

1844, 16 April. Prince Luitpold of Bavaria, future Prince Regent, (1821-1912) married Archduchess Auguste Ferdinande of Austria-Tuscany (1825-1864). They had four children.

1844, 1 May. Archduke Albrecht of Austria, Duke of Teschen (1817-1895) married Princess Hildegard of Bavaria (1825-1864). They had three children, two who survived infancy.

1854, 24 April. Emperor Franz Josef I of Austria (1830-1916) married Duchess Elisabeth in Bavaria (1837-1898). They had four children, three who survived infancy.

1866, 20 February. Prince Ludwig of Bavaria, future King Ludwig III, (1845-1921) married Archduchess Maria Theresa of Austria-Este (1849-1919). They had thirteen children, eleven who survived infancy.

1873, 20 April. Prince Leopold of Bavaria (1846-1930) married Archduchess Gisela of Austria (1856-1932). They had four children.

1893, 15 November. Archduke Joseph August of Austria (1872-1962) married Princess Auguste of Bavaria (1877-1964). They had six children, four who survived infancy.

#zoom in for better quality!#this was so ridiculously hard to make that it actually took me A YEAR to put it together #because I did it and re-did it several times until it looked sort of decent #I still don't like much how it came out but well. it be like that sometimes #house of habsburg #house of wittelsbach #family tree

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world-of-wales · 2 years

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CONSORTS OF ENGLAND SINCE THE NORMAN INVASION (4/5) ♚

Anne of Denmark (March 1603 - March 1619)

Henrietta Maria of France (June 1625 - January 1649)

Catherine of Braganza (May 1662 - February 1685)

Mary of Modena (February 1685 - December 1688)

Prince George of Denmark (March 1702 - October 1708)

Princess Caroline of Brandenburg-Ansbach (June 1727 - November 1737)

Princess Charlotte of Mecklenburg-Strelitz (September 1761 - November 1818)

Princess Caroline of Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel (January 1820 - August 1821)

Princess Adelaide of Saxe-Meiningen (June 1830 - June 1837)

Prince Albert of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha (February 1840 - December 1861)

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ashleybenlove · 8 months

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Kinda wild to see Chicago looking like a small town in the 1800s and that you know, it didn't spring up fully formed.

But then again, as Wikipedia states:

On August 12, 1833, the Town of Chicago was organized with a population of about 200.[28] Within seven years it grew to more than 6,000 people. On June 15, 1835, the first public land sales began with Edmund Dick Taylor as Receiver of Public Monies. The City of Chicago was incorporated on Saturday, March 4, 1837,[29] and for several decades was the world's fastest-growing city.[30]

So... it didn't take a long time, actually.

#ashleybenlove posts #Marvel Cinematic Universe #Loki #Loki tv #loki spoilers #season 2 #1893

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chopinski-official · 11 months

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Hello, Monsieur! I'm sorry for my much questions, but the chance asking you them is simply too overwhelming and nice!

Well, I am interested about your concerts you gave during your live time. When and where - and that all - I mean. Is there a good website with a list or similar?

Good afternoon mon petit élève, never be sorry for asking questions, I enjoy answering them!

As far as I’m aware, there’s no definitive list of my concerts, but I’ve tried to remember when and where I performed during my lifetime for you. The list only includes concerts, not events such as soirées, balls or bazaars… And nor does it include the specific concert halls for it has been too long for me to recall such small details.

My concerts:

11 August 1829 Vienna

18 August 1829 Vienna

17 March 1830 Warsaw

22 March 1830 Warsaw

8 July 1830 Warsaw

11 October 1830 Warsaw

8 November 1830 Wrocław

11 June 1831 Vienna

28 August 1831 Munich

25 February 1832 Paris

20 May 1832 Paris

March 1833 Paris

3 April 1833 Paris

25 April 1833 Paris

15 December 1833 Paris

25 February 1834 Paris

14 December 1834 Paris

25 December 1834 Paris

22 February 1835 Paris

15 March 1835 Paris

4 April 1835 Paris

26 April 1835 Paris

31 March 1837 Paris

3 March 1838 Paris

12 March 1838 Paris

29 October 1839 Paris

26 April 1841 Paris

21 February 1842 Paris

15 January 1843 Paris

17 March 1843 Paris

16 February 1848 Paris

23 June 1848 London

7 July 1848 London

28 August 1848 Manchester

27 September 1848 Glasgow

4 October 1848 Edinburgh

#frédéric chopin #asharpminor42

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missanxietyinvestigates · 8 months

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Who were you, Mary Jane?

For a class assignment, I had to go to the local cemetery and choose a grave to research. I ended up picking a broken, weatherworn grave that just said "Mary Jane". There was clearly more, but the break was part way through the words, and so much of it had worn away that even a gentle pencil rubbing couldn't bring it out. Something about her seemed sad and lonely.

I found her last name, Hathaway, on FindAGrave, where you could see slightly more of the grave and where it was before it was broken. It reads, "Mary Jane, wife of Hiram Hathaway" with the rest sunken into mud.

I found her on Ancestry, but her profile was strangely empty. So was her FamilySearch and her Genie. Her husband's was equally empty. Three sources total between them. Eventually, through manually searching through records, I discovered her parents Enoch Aiken and Mary Bailey.

I expected information to start flooding in now, it had been two hours and I finally had enough to do some cursory searching, but the only thing I found was death records, and things on her parents. Eventually, though, things started to reveal themselves.

Mary Jane Aiken was born in 1837 in Cornith, Vermont. Her mother was from Hartford, Connecticut, and her father was from Cornith. Enoch had been a blacksmith all of his life and looks like his father was one too. She had three older brothers, two older sisters, and one younger brother.

(East Cornith, early 1900s, via Cornith Historical Society)

Mary somehow managed to elude the census all her life, so she disappeared from the historical record for a while. She probably spent the time before her marriage with her family in Corinth.

Her mother passed away from pneumonia in July of 1863. She was 69.

When the Civil War rolled around, (at least) two of her brothers and her father were called to war. The house would have been just her and her sisters. Her father was a blacksmith, part of the First Cavalry Regiment, Company D. He would have seen the Battle of Gettysburg, and came back to tell the tale.

You can read more about his unit here:

One of her brothers though, her little brother William, did not make it back from the war. He was shot and killed in the Battle of the Wilderness, on March 5th, 1864, in Spotsylvania, Virginia. We are lucky enough to actually have a photograph of him publicly available (though the image quality isn't great):

Her father would come back to Cornith, presumably for the funeral, and would pass away the next month, April of 1864 (his records say he died of dropsy).

I can't imagine the amount of loss that Mary and her siblings were feeling, losing both their parents and their little brother in a little over a year.

On April 27th, 1872, Mary appears again, marrying Hiram Hathaway of Bennington, Vermont on April 13th. Depending on when the wedding was, it would have been a rather chilly wedding.

Her husband, Hiram Hathaway, was born in 1837 and had grown up in Bennington. He had several siblings. He had been a farmer most of his life, though he also managed to elude the census a few times so he may have had other jobs.

Hiram had also had a rough 1860s. In 1863, when he was 26, his father took his own life using opium. In 1866, he lost his sister, Mary, though I can't find how she died. In 1868, he lost his mother to old age. After that, the rest of his siblings scattered to the winds. One to Wisconsin, one to Florida.

In June of 1872, her husband would appear in the paper, as putting up no trespassing signs for seemingly no reason. You can read the whole clipping here:

In 1874 and 1875, Mary Jane would write wills that had the executor of her estate as her friend, Abraham Gardner. I couldn't find anything on him, it seems like there were several Abraham Gardners running around Bennington at the time. She notes in her will that she wants all of her money to be put the the benefit of her husband, giving him monthly allowances. She wanted to give everything but the house, furniture, and one set of bedding, to her sister Aphia. We also get to see her signature:

On February 15th, 1875, Mary Jane Hathaway passed away from cancer. In 1876, due to her debts, her entire estate had to be sold off.

As unfortunate as that is, it gives us a very interesting look into her life, as an inventory and appraisal had to be made of all her things.

Among her items, she had:

A stereoscope (though no stereoscope cards were noted)

Many many sewing notions (it seemed to be a hobby of hers)

Numerous photos of family on her walls along with (at least) 3 photo albums.

A room full of books, especially on the history of religion and geography books.

Painting supplies

A box of "trinkets" (probably sentimental items she kept)

Her school book on grammar.

And a much clearer picture of what she was like starts to develop.

She's an avid reader, was very sentimental, and cared quite a bit about her family. She enjoyed sewing and painting, and maybe scrapbooking with the things she collected (though that part isn't confirmed).

In 1880, Hiram remarried to Ellen Thurber, a local Bennington woman. He moves into her parent's house, where he works as a farmer. One family tree says that he died in 1889, but I can't find anything to prove or disprove that. As far as I can tell, Hiram has no death records (at least none digitized). He is also not buried with his parents and first wife. He does not appear to be in the cemetery at all. His story ends with his marriage to Ellen.

Mary's sister, Aphia, died in 1901 due to paralysis in Keene, NH. Her brother, Enoch, would die soon after in a debtor's house.

After finding this all out, I went back to the cemetery looking her Hiram and to visit Mary again. I searched all over that section, but I think if Hiram was buried here, his grave has been eaten by the hill.

Hopefully, Mary's story can be reunited with the rest of her family, and maybe one day some more information will surface about her or Hiram.

I hope so. She deserves to be remembered.

#history #us history #1800s #miss anxiety investigates #miss anxiety’s final report #civil war #genealogy #ancestry #cemetery #vermont #Mary Jane Hathaway #mystery grave

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polizwrites · 8 months

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PoliZ's All Caps Bingo Round One MasterPost

With the help of the adoptables, Monthly Mission prompts and the One Fill, One Bingo challenge for Row 5 - I managed a blackout plus for my @allcapsbingo card (AC1040) - such a super-fun and inspiring event!!

I wrote 28,273 words and created/contributed to 19 fanfics to complete 29 squares - 16 fills were chapters within a larger work. Best of all, only two fics were still WIPs as of the end of this event - a personal victory! 😁

All three Caps were represented, though my works leaned heavily toward Steve and Bucky, whether together or paired with Tony (with 2 fics combining all three) Platonic and romantic pairings are represented, with ratings ranging from General to Explicit. See below for the full list and my completed card.

B1 - Knotting: Making All Things New - Chapter 1 [Steve/Bucky, Explicit, 2026 words]

B2 - AU: Fugitive: Flying the Flag of Freedom [Steve & Bucky & Sam, teen, 1132 words]

B3 - March Adoptable - Ayo: A Refuge for Rogues [Steve & Bucky, General, 701 words]

B4 - Walk on the Beach: Make My Heart Come All Undone - Chapter 3 [Bucky/Tony - Steve & Bucky, Teen, 948 words]

B5 - "Man, shut the hell up." : A Forest's Worth of Pining [Bucky/Tony, Teen, 1015 words]

I1 - Mutual Pining: Technicalities - Chapter 3 [Steve/Bucky, Teen, 1297 words]

I2 - April Adoptable - Submission: Surrender (But Don't Give Yourself Away) [Bucky/Steve/Tony, Explicit, 2192 words]

I3 - May Adoptable: Scenting: Making All Things New - Chapter 3 [Steve/Bucky, Explicit, 1837 words]

I4 - AU: Neighbors: Come Down From Your Fences (And Open the Gate) - Chapter 3 [Tony/Steve, Teen, 907 words]

I5 - Alpha Bucky Barnes: A Forest's Worth of Pining

N1 - Rogers: The Musical: Save Us All From the State We're In [Bucky & Sam, General, 372 words]

N2 - Sex Toys: Finding Something Fresh - Chapter 5 [Bucky/Steve, Explicit, 1506 words]

N3 - FREE: Technicalities - Chapter 6 [Bucky/Steve, Explicit, 1512 words]

N4 - Deserted Island: Not Having Fun Down on the Bayou [Bucky & Sam, General, 355 words]

N5 - James Rhodes: A Forest's Worth of Pining

G1 - July Adoptable: Mate-Induced Heat/Rut: A Sugar-Coated Pill - Chapter 4 [Bucky/Tony, Mature, 1969 words]

G2 - Nesting: A Sugar-Coated Pill - Chapter 5 [Tony/Bucky, Explicit, 1247 words]

G3 - Established Relationship: Two Little Words [Bucky/Steve (Eventual Bucky/Steve/Tony), Teen, 100 words]

G4 - Babysitting: Peresmešnik, (aka Three Avengers and a Baby) [Steve & Bucky & Tony, General, 1729 words]

G5 - Humping: A Forest's Worth of Pining

O1 - "This is payback, isn't it?": Recollection of Anticipation [Steve & Bucky, General, 541 words]

O2 - Canon-adjacent: The Family You Find [Bucky & Ayo, General, 489 words]

O3 - Pararescue Sam Wilson: Braking Their Fall [Sam & Rhodey, Teen, 607 words]

O4 - AU: Domestic: Both - Both is Good [Tony/Bucky, Tony/Pepper, General, 437 words]

O5 - Competitive Idiocy: A Forest's Worth of Pining

May Monthly Mission: Sir Yes Sir: Surrender (But Don't Give Yourself Away) [Tony/Bucky/Steve, Explicit, 2126 words]

June Monthly Mission - AU: Sugar Daddy: A Sugar-Coated Pill - Chapter 1 [Bucky/Tony, Teen, 1200 words]

Aug Adoptable: Alexander Pierce: Finding Something Fresh - Chapter 4 [Bucky/Steve, Explicit, 1109 words]

Sept Adoptable: Dominant Omega: Finding Something Fresh - Chapter 6 [Bucky/Steve, Explicit, 919 words]

#writing stuff #mcu/marvel #all caps bingo 2023 #bingo masterpost #shameless self promo

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rabbitcruiser · 3 months

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The city of Chicago was incorporated on March 4, 1837.

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surfingthesealand · 5 months

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A character reference sheet for Chicago, featuring the city flag and seal!

Character Details

Full Name: Chicago O'Hare (Cook before the last name change)

Age: 29 (physical), 186 (actual)

Birthday: March 4 (born 1837)

Pronouns: He/him

Eye Color: Dark blue

Hair Color: Brown

Occupation: Comic artist (hence the sketchbook and pencil)

Notes: Has faded burn scars on upper body and back from the Great Chicago Fire (1871)

Chicago is an award-winning comic artist who writes and draws for all ages, though his books for children are probably the most well-known (in the American Boys universe). He works at his own pace, sometimes even drawing on the go with his tablet. Chicago is mostly cheerful and loves to joke around, but he can also be rather sensitive and easily hurt - like if somebody bad-mouths his beloved Cubs. Nevertheless, he possesses a great sense of humor that gets him through any situation, no matter how dire it may seem. He is best friends with Washington and Dallas, and they live together in an apartment, with each member of the trio having their own room. Chicago's room, of course, is decorated with Cubs and Bulls memorabilia, his namesake city's flag and skyline, and prints by other comic artists for his inspiration.

#my art #surfingthesealand draws #surfing the sea #american boys #american boys 2024 #american boys: chicago #chicago #character reference #character reference sheet #oc reference sheet #reference #reference sheet #oc reference

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lboogie1906 · 3 months

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The Colored American was an African-American newspaper published in NYC (March 4, 1837 - 1842) by Samuel Cornish, Phillip Alexander Bell, and Charles Bennett Ray. When Cornish retired, James McCune Smith joined as co-editor.

Initially published under the name The Weekly Advocate, NY’s Colored American was a weekly newspaper of four to six pages. It circulated in free African American communities in the Northeastern US.

The Colored American focused on the moral, social, and political elevation of free colored people and the peaceful emancipation of slaves. The Reverend Lewis Woodson of Pittsburgh wrote a series of ten letters that were printed in the newspaper. The letters advocated elevation through the establishment of schools, newspapers, and churches by African Americans. He wrote the letters under a pen name, Augustine. After the death of David Walker, not knowing the cause of his sudden death, several African American intellectuals wrote under pen names. In the late 20th century historian Floyd Miller attributed the title of the ‘Father of Black Nationalism’ to Woodson, in recognition of the efficacy of the ‘Augustine letters.’, Woodson argued in favor of an ideology that differed from that of another African American abolitionist, William Whipper. Whipper favored the improvement of the conditions among African Americans but did not favor the establishment of African American institutions, which as African American self-determination. Whipper’s letters appeared in The Colored American.

The newspaper had widespread subscribers; it engaged agents in various cities for marketing and distribution. The paper also received help from African-American churches and local abolition societies by way of fund drives and donations. Occasionally the newspaper received cash infusions from prominent white allies. All of the donations, fund drives, and supplements helped the paper to publish 38 articles and survive through 1841. Thanks to the subscribers, the interesting articles, and the extra funding sources, The Colored American became an important paper of its time. #africanhistory365 #africanexcellence

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thegreenwallrabbit-blog · 1 year

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Explaining one of VTMB paintings (pt 12)

The Tomb of Washington, Mount Vernon Ink on paper; steel plate engraving, etching (1840) by William Henry Bartlett (artist), John Cousen(engraver) and Virtue & Co. Publishing Company

This print shows the tomb of Founding Father and First U.S. President George Washington( February 22, 1732- December 14, 1799) who died in his bed at his family home at Mount Vernon, Virginia and is the location where he is laid to rest in accordance with his last wishes. Before his death he had made provisions for this new brick tomb to be built for him and his wife, the first First Lady of the United States, Martha Dandridge Custis Washington (June 2, 1731 — May 22, 1802). This was necessary because despite the Washingtons best efforts, their original family vault on the property was rapidly deteriorating beyond repair. [1]

William Henry Bartlett (March 26, 1809 – September 13, 1854) was a British artist known for his steel engravings. Born in Kentish Town, London he became one of the foremost illustrators of topography of his generation and traveled the world including vast parts of Europe, the Middle East and North America. In 1835, Bartlett first visited the United States to draw the buildings, towns and scenery of the northeastern states. The finely detailed steel engravings Bartlett produced were published uncolored with a text by Nathaniel Parker Willis as American Scenery; or Land, Lake, and River: Illustrations of Transatlantic Nature. American Scenery was published by George Virtue in London in 30 monthly installments from 1837 to 1839. Bound editions of the work were published from 1840 onward. Bartlett made sepia wash drawings the exact size to be engraved. His engraved views were widely copied by artists, but no signed oil painting by his hand is known. Engravings based on Bartlett's views were later used in his posthumous History of the United States of North America, continued by Bernard Bolingbroke Woodward and published around 1856.Bartlett's primary concern was to render "lively impressions of actual sights", as he wrote in the preface to The Nile Boat (London, 1849). Many views contain some ruin or element of the past including many scenes of churches, abbeys, cathedrals and castles, and Nathaniel Parker Willis described Bartlett's talent thus: "Bartlett could select his point of view so as to bring prominently into his sketch the castle or the cathedral, which history or antiquity had allowed".[2]

John Cousen (1804–1880) born in Yorkshire England he was a British landscape engraver, painter and print maker who apprenticed under the respected animal engraver John Scott. Cousen's involvement with the Art Journal( which was part of Virtue & Co. Publishing Company) , the leading and most popular fine art publication during the nineteenth century, which he worked almost exclusively for as an engraver and print master. From 1849 to 1866 he supplied thirty-two plates, most after works by his contemporaries. The journal provided surveys of important collections to which Cousen contributed; these included paintings in the Royal Collection and the National Gallery. It was while working for the Art Journal that he produced his only known works after Old Masters, including Hobbema's The Old Mill and Berchem's Crossing the Ford. [3]

Virtue & Co. publishing company was a major book and print publishing firm founded by George Virtue in 1820. The success of Virtue & Co was built off George Virtue choice in selecting only the most accomplished artists such as William Henry Bartlett, and employing the best engravers such as John Cousen, to produced books that were rarely surpassed in elegance and correctness for the period. Virtue created a prodigious business, issuing upwards of twenty thousand copper and steel engravings through his career.[4] In 1848 the company acquired 'The Art Union' which became 'The Art Journal' (1839-1912; for a run of impressions in series order from this journal for 1844 to 1870. In 1855 George’s son, James Sprent Virtue, took over his father's business which he had been working at in the New York branch since 1848 and initiated the series of prints after great 'galleries' of pictures including the Royal Collection, Vernon Collection(which this print is a part of) and the Turner Collection. [5]

Citations:

[1]“Tombs.” George Washington's Mount Vernon, Mount Vernon Ladies’ Association, https://www.mountvernon.org/the-estate-gardens/the-tombs/.

[2]“William Henry Bartlett .” Wikipedia, Wikimedia Foundation, 11 Mar. 2023, https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/William_Henry_Bartlett.

[3] “Collections Online: British Museum.” Collections Online | British Museum, British Museum, https://www.britishmuseum.org/collection/term/BIOG23833.

[4] “George Virtue .” Wikipedia, Wikimedia Foundation, 15 Feb. 2022, https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/George_Virtue.

[5]“William Henry Bartlett .” Wikipedia, Wikimedia Foundation, 11 Mar. 2023, https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/William_Henry_Bartlett.

#Explaining one of VTMB paintings #vtm bloodlines #Vampire The Masquerade Bloodlines #john cousen #Virtue & Co #william henry bartlett #print engraving #vtmb

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opera-ghosts · 1 year

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OTD in Music History: Legendary Russian pianist, composer, and pedagogue Anton Rubinstein (1829 - 1894) meets Frederic Chopin (1810 - 1849) and Franz Liszt (1811 - 1886) for the first time, in 1841, following a concert in Paris. As Rubinstein recounted nearly half a century later in his "Autobiography" (1890): “For a whole year I remained in Paris, but I had no lessons, except in music with Alexander Villoing [(1804 - 1878), who was a student of John Field (1782 - 1837), the inventor of the "nocturne"]… I gave several concerts, generally in the piano rooms of some famous factory... At one of these concerts, Liszt, Chopin, and other musical celebrities were present… It was then that I also played with the Belgian violinist [Henri] Vieuxtemps [(1820 - 1881)]…" The January 10, 1841 issue of “Le Ménestrel” confirms Rubinstein's arrival in Paris (p. 4): “There is much talk now of a young Russian pianist, M. Rubinstein, who has just arrived in Paris with his teacher…" And the fateful meeting itself was recorded in the March 28 edition of “La France Musicale” (p. 106): “A very young pianist—a ten years old boy—M. Rubinstein, convened this week in the halls of M. Pleyel quite a number of fans and artists. This wonder pianist performs the most difficult music with ease, agility, and a feeling that he could serve as an example to many pianists who have passed the age of majority. M. Cramer, M. Kalkbrenner, M. Liszt, M. Chopin, M. Wolff, and M. Leopold Mayer… applauded from time to time together with the audience…" Rubinstein would go on to become one of the most important Russian musicians in history, founding the St. Petersburg Conservatory and teaching (among many others) fellow legendary pianist Josef Hofmann (1876 - 1957). PICTURED: A very early photograph of Rubinstein, which he signed and dated in May 1868 and inscribed to a friend during a later trip to Paris (the day after he conducted the premiere of Camille Saint-Saens’s [1835 - 1921] 2nd Piano Concerto, with the composer playing the piano).

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whatdoesshedotothem · 1 year

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Tuesday 15.. January 1839

7 ¾

12 ½

highwish wind in the night and windy this morning – the ground sprinkled over with snow F37° inside at 8 50 and 38° outside at 9 20 the sun being out – Had written my note to ‘Mr. Mackean, Yorkshire district Bank, Halifax’ and went down to breakfast at 9 20 in ½ hour and at my desk at 9 50 – my note to McK- enclosing 2 checks 1 for Mr. Gray = £460 for A- and myself and one to Messrs. William and Francis Ponty (Huddersfield) = £8.12.0 – at accounts till about 11 when A- came for me to go down to Mr. Adam – all a mistake about the lease – but P. and A. will engage to get one or [two] to quit Mr. Lister at their own expense – A- proposed a Mr. Aked as a likely person to look after A-‘s cottages in H-x- good – I advised her to try him at once – they have written to Mr. Bull for the papers I desired to have but are uncertain if I can claim them before paying the bill – should claim them at the time of paying – then stood talking to A- till 12 25 (Mr. A- went away at 11 ¾) having dictated note to Washington to value A- wrote note to SW. to value the hay and dilapidations at the tan house farm – she gave the matter to Mr. Adam to settle with Thwaite of Mr. Rawsons’ Bank – then had the chimney sweeper to see if we had any chimneys to sweep and paid him his bill of 24/. for sweeping 24 minutes at the Northgate hotel as allowed by Mr. Harper – then had A- till 12 50 – off with her at 1 and walked with her in ½ hour as far as the turnpike then left her to go forwards to Cliff hill, and I turned up to Sunwood quarry – Jack Green there getting fence wall stuff and helping George to loaden the same – then to Listerwick – found Robert Mann there – he had been at the hall all the morning about making up the pipes at the north west corner of the west tower – so done that we can easily taken up a flag – get to and force them whenever necessary – took Robert down to the meer to settle about getting the scale there from Listerwick cabin near the water wheel – settled to cart it along Charles Howarths’ field – ordered 20 yards of 1ft. square drain to be made immediately, and to lie under the culvert of the new clow – took Robert round the meer and to the house at 3 20 just after John footman had set off with the 2 ponies (1st time – A- says he did very well – her ride did her good) to Cliff hill for A- then Robert and I looking about the hay-barn and thereabouts – he thinks he could get water into the paddock for the cattle with very little trouble – for £3 or £4 – well then said I, you shall do it – sent Robert off to Turners’ to see about some large fence stuff out of which we might get covers for the meer-drain – came in before 5 – dressed wrote to Mr. Gray with the credit for £460 i.e. £160 on A-‘s account and £300 on my own – i.e. ½ years 4p.c. interest on £1500 due today to the Misses Preston – A- wrote under my letter that her £160 was included in my draft due to Mr. Gray (William senior) today, and that she should be glad to pay the whole principal (£8,000) with the interest next July – then wrote to Messrs. Pontey on the back of the credit payable at the Yorkshire District bank at Huddersfield = £8.12.0 being the amount of their bill from 7 April 1837 to 23 April 1838 – Gave A- to put into the bag my letter to ‘William Gray junior Esquire, Minster yard, York’ and my letter to ‘Messrs. William and Francis Pontey, nurserymen seedsman etc. Kirkheaton Huddersfield post paid’ – dinner at 6 5 – Letter from Mr. Browne artist York to say the next no. of his work on the minster will be out in March – needs be no haste to pay for our tow 1st nos. already received – Letter also 3pp. and under the seal from M- Lawton – she seems pleased with the pen and book knife, and prudently lays aside her scolding style – thinks she shall probably be able to come here before we leave home again - £400 worth of damage done to York minster – no mention of Mr. WC. or the letter or newspaper forwarded (from him) from here – everybody advises her to read Oliver Twist – Mr. Ford has to their great comfort resigned the £300 a year living of Lawton and Mr. Lawton has given it to a young Mr. Tipping – A- read her 2pp. French – coffee and I had read the paper at 9 10 then till 9 ½ wrote all but the 1st 18 lines of today – then skimming over reading the few first chapters of Genesis till near 11, A- writing her journal – then stood talking till came upstairs at 10 55 at which hour F36° inside – wild windy cold day – no William Keighley as he promised – I suppose he thought it too windy to do anything among the trees – F30 ½° outside at 11 ¼ pm – on going to A- found cousin come sat up preparing napkin for morning and put on stocking tonight

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