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a-queer-seminarian · 3 years

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So i already posted about this chapter from Dr. Amy-Jill Levine but it’s just so dang good, and offers a wonderful counter-interpretation to the typical “See? the Temple, aka the center of Jewish religion at the time, was corrupt and backwards and evil!” -- so i wanted to post a more condensed summary too. If you’re interested in reading larger excerpts from her chapter (or the entire chapter as a PDF), visit this post.

Dr. Levine is a Jewish woman as well as a professor of New Testament Studies. Through her reading of this story shared in all 4 Gospels (Matthew 21:12-17, Mark 11:11-17, Luke 19:45-46, and John 2:13-17 – click here to read them), Levine helps us ponder:

How do we keep our churches from feeling like perfectly comfortable places for people who need to be confronted about the ways they are harming others?

And of course, that in turn brings up the question of how we make sure people who are vulnerable, oppressed, etc. feel truly welcome and safe in our worship communities -- if we let in their oppressors unchallenged, can we really claim to be a welcoming space for the oppressed?

Image description under the readmore:

Images show slides with text and illustrations based around the Gospels’ accounts of Jesus flipping tables and wielding a whip in the Temple. The first slide shows one such illustration, with Jesus as a middle eastern man with black hair and beard wearing yellow and blue robes with traditional tassels looking angry and wielding a whip, surrounded by frightened looking people and animals escaping their cages, with an overturned table by his side. Text reads “Jesus flipping tables: Dr. Amy-Jill Levine’s Interpretation” and “In Entering the Passion of Jesus, Levine unpacks traditional readings of the “cleansing of the Temple” and offers an alternative that resists antisemitism and applies biblical & historical context…”

Next slide shows a detail from a painting of the Jesus MAFA series where Jesus is depicted as an African man in a traditional Cameroon marketplace; he’s got deep Brown skin and close-cropped hair, a red robe, and likewise wields a whip and looks angry as people run frightened around him. This image will repeat on every other slide from now on (all slides that include bullet points summarizing Levine’s points). This slide’s text reads, “What follows is a summary of the points Levine makes in her chapter on the “cleansing of the temple”: - Jesus’s whole table flipping, whip-wielding stunt is more symbolic than practical (echoing similar performances by his people’s prophets). - Jesus’s anger isn’t about gentiles being excluded from Temple life; they weren’t.”

Next slide shows a detail of an illustration of a courtyard in the Temple with large pillars and crowds of people, with a quote from Levine’s chapter reading, “…The Temple has an outer court, where Gentiles are welcome to worship. They were similarly welcome in the synagogues of antiquity, and today. They do not have the same rights and responsibilities as do Jews, and that makes sense as well. When I [a Jewish woman] visit a church, there are certain things I may not do. …”

Next slide includes more bullet points summarizing points from Levine’s chapter: - Jesus’s anger was not about animals being sold in the temple’s outer courts - There’s also no evidence of unjust prices, so he’s not angry about the poor being cheated here either. - Various Gospel stories show that Jesus did not reject the Temple or its laws & rituals (also – he has “zeal for his father’s house”)

Next slide features a detail from a painting, showing a flipped tables and a mess of coins and sheep and doves. There’s another quote from Levine reading, “Pilgrims…would not bring [sacrificial] animals with them from Galilee or Egypt or Damascus. They would not risk the animal becoming injured and so unfit for sacrifice. The animal might fly or wander away, be stolen, or die. …One bought one's offering from the vendors. And…there is no indication that the vendors were overcharging or exploiting the population. The people would not have allowed that to happen. Thus, Jesus is not engaging in protest of cheating the poor.”

Next slide includes another bullet point summarizing points from Levine’s chapter: “What Jesus’s anger is about: in the versions in Matthew, Mark, & Luke, he quotes Jeremiah 7:11 in calling the Temple “a den of thieves” – it’s become a place where people who sin and oppress in their everyday life feel perfectly comfortable, instead of being called to repent and reform.”

Next slide features another quote from Levine: “Some people in Jeremiah's time, and at the time of Jesus, and today, take divine mercy for granted… The church member sins during the workweek, either by doing what is wrong or by failing to do what is right. Then on Sunday morning this same individual…heartily sings the hymns, happily shakes the hands of others, and generously puts a fifty-dollar bill in the collection plate. That makes the church a den of robbers… It becomes a safe place for those who are not truly repentant and who do not truly follow what Jesus asks.”

Next slide has one last bullet point: “Finally, in John’s version, Jesus foretells a time when the Temple is no longer needed, for all places will be sacred & God will speak directly to everyone of every nation – a future that prophets like Zechariah also foretold. (A key difference: Jesus identifies a “new temple,” his body.)”

Next slide has one last quote from Levine: “…Jesus anticipates the time when there willno longer be a need for vendors, for every house not only in Jerusalem but in all of Judea shall be like the Temple itself. The sacred nature of the Temple will spread through all the people. He sounds somewhat like the Pharisees here, since the Pharisees were interested in extending the holiness of the Temple to every household.The message is a profound one: Can our homes be as sanctified, as filled with Worship, as the local church?”

Next and final slide offers questions for reflection: 1. Do you struggle to let go of the way you’ve always read a Bible story? What helps you embrace new readings? 2. How do we find balance between welcoming people as they are, sins and all, and resisting being a comfortable, unchallenging space for oppressors? Moreover, how do we protect vulnerable persons from their oppressors?

/ end image description.

#jesus flipped tables #lent 2021 #lent #bible study #the cleansing of the temple #amy jill levine #readings #log #spring 2021 #gospels #reading and studying the bible #combating antisemitism #biblical interpretation

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afrofunkwant · 5 years

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The Doves ‎– Flying Higher

- If you have this record, please contact me for digital exchange via: [email protected]

- Check.: https://afrofunk.tumblr.com for records I have!

#The Doves ‎– Flying Higher #Rare Afro Exchange Funk Disco Reggae Boogie Highlife Music West Africa South Africa Nigeria Ghana Ivory Coast Togo Benin Cameroon Antilles

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rpallavicini · 3 years

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La barbarie di Boko Haram

10 agosto 2019 Cameroon Qui siamo nel villaggio cristiano di Kalagari, nel nord del Camerun dove il 29 luglio, erano state prese in ostaggio otto donne infedeli a cui, prima di essere rilasciate, hanno tagliato le orecchie. Meschine indegne di Metoo, capitane coraggiose, slanci di solidarietà di attori imbolsiti e dell’attenzione vaticana, sono state prese in cura da Open Doors UK, che ha…

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sirjustice1142 · 3 years

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Making much human tongue

Tongue made much when placed adjacent to kale heap in container on the ground then u chop cow-dung on cemented floor or trample on human intestine in sewer water or chop grass with camara stems on mud while appendix made much in the same way but u can add the chop with cooked cabbage on wood chop with gravel or broken parts of big super drum mixed with grass chop on metallic plates or chop passion on metallic plate

Guava mixed with paw paw seed then chop the same super drum broken plastic on mud makes the same above in lands sloping towards the river, the inside of such holes can be plastered with just mud as synonymous with African mud houses or can be of bricks with cement layers withing or of mud 4 some products to come out and with most cooking vessels placed sesame with has been made into a ball or sugar groundnut or sugar that has been heated to turn brown or dark inside the basement or any boom making environment where the heap lies dude or u can place much wall papers of the same nature or draw the same as bricks or stones within the boom making environment walls as in the links below

https://www.elledecor.com/design-decorate/room-ideas/g3208/wallpaper-design-ideas/

https://www.google.com/search?q=mud+thatch+houses+images&tbm=isch&ved=2ahUKEwi4vvX90qftAhVFMRoKHeZ3BPsQ2-cCegQIABAA&oq=mud+thatch+houses+images&gs_lcp=CgNpbWcQAzoECAAQQzoCCAA6BggAEAcQHlD5TFi1emC3f2gAcAB4AIABsQiIAb82kgENMi04LjIuMi40LjAuMZgBAKABAaoBC2d3cy13aXotaW1nwAEB&sclient=img&ei=woXDX7jVB8XiaObvkdgP&bih=654&biw=1024&client=firefox-b-e

The boom made highway in Cameroon images as in the link below, placing the boom things like containers inside such roads where deemed Factory will be open, so not on air as scrap metal base where if shifted can hinder such process to make people smell a rat dude, know what am talking about bro

https://constructionreviewonline.com/news/construction-of-yaounde-douala-expressway-in-cameroon-advances/

https://www.businessincameroon.com/public-management/2703-4742-1-6-billion-fcfa-blocks-douala-yaounde-road-construction-project

https://constructionreviewonline.com/2014/09/us-based-louis-berger-construct-us-9-0m-section-yaounde-douala-highway-cameroon/

Sausages made much when few sample brought close to melon heap in containers as above or roadside ditches then u chop guava mixed with honey on wood board dude or just photos from the net and fold placing the folded part on the alongside facing up in rectangular tank but on the short side or placing it pointed up like missiles on round tank again b4 u chop hay on wood soaked in sewer water or trample on cockroach or clothe on gravel stone or chop cucumber or kojet in mud as in the link below. In the surrounding add acid to chilies or poor unto clothes, flowers or even aluminum like perfume bottles

https://www.daringgourmet.com/smoked-cheddar-sausages/

Super sonic jets place appendix 4 human in sewer water then chop guava on wood with clothe soaked in acid or on grass in such brick red basement wall river/road down then chop wood soaked on mango juice and passion fruit seed on it or sewer water or black beans or trample on rat on mango seed or chicken on pineapple or rat on peas or peas on wood soaked on paraffin or hay on wood soaked on milk while if in curdled milk and heap sewer water or passion seed or guava seed in planted grass makes Big airplane as u can try dude

Avocado made when folded horizontal in the middle photo as above in such as super drum placed even slightly below the ground, as it can be deep to bring the super drum up and down, brought close to like heap of planted grass, then chop cotton clothe on wood soaked in onion juice or need leave extract or trample on white cooking fat or coconut on wood as Xmas tree dude or trample on frog on grassland but with sand or on cooked yam mixed with cooked Irish potato on cemented floors or mix coke soda with detergents but on the floor

Pouring fluids or even soda on hot charcoal in the brazier even makes much machines in the final process of the boom as u can opt 4 that dude, like coke makes even shoes when heap paw paw with iced salted grass or with millet with honey makes missiles when heap salted ice grass in sewer water placed on welding plates, big airplane when heap salted iced grass mixed with paw paw seeds on same metallic plate and try adding another anything with heap slated iced grass when hurling unto fire the same as above while fanta makes jets when heap Githeri on the same plate or pineapple on cemented floor or hay mixed with white coconut extracts and more dude

Noah got advice from the dove, to teach us of the same, get from young people but many times as big bodied people to jealous, sometimes takes things literally as kids and move on as they carry reality dude

Kinda, u see one opening a concrete casein on the ground as 4 the cable and reaching 4 something like the black box, to indicate curse can be removed as they have altered their arguments but lest the humble like sheep and serve others, not concerned with people as shepherds or mad men do. Falling airplanes still dude, leave the black box so not said it was fallen dude

Click the link below 4 more

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=pS4MtJ493KQ

https://www.google.com/imgres?imgurl=https%3A%2F%2Fi.ytimg.com%2Fvi%2FpS4MtJ493KQ%2Fmaxresdefault.jpg&imgrefurl=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.youtube.com%2Fwatch%3Fv%3DpS4MtJ493KQ&tbnid=M4nTzPS1DTsYyM&vet=12ahUKEwi6wqDihKXtAhVIlxoKHQudAewQMyhWegUIARCBAQ..i&docid=34s1D1feWYfl3M&w=1280&h=720&q=made%20in%20kenya%20electronics&hl=en-US&client=firefox-b-e&ved=2ahUKEwi6wqDihKXtAhVIlxoKHQudAewQMyhWegUIARCBAQ

Even small berries and fruits with cut small pieces of Sodom apple can be used to drive tiny drones as 1st drone crosses the Atlantic from Georgia city of Savanna to African city of Valera as in the link below, when a casing is made to place the same 2 b4 closing dude

https://www.google.com/search?q=images+of+small+fruits&tbm=isch&ved=2ahUKEwj2q77xhqXtAhUMNBoKHVn-AwoQ2-cCegQIABAA&oq=images+of+small+fruits&gs_lcp=CgNpbWcQAzICCAA6BAgAEEM6BQgAELEDOgYIABAIEB46BAgAEBhQm8MCWPrzAmCQ-QJoAHAAeACAAaICiAHeJpIBBDItMjKYAQCgAQGqAQtnd3Mtd2l6LWltZ8ABAQ&sclient=img&ei=hynCX7bMHYzoaNn8j1A&bih=654&biw=1024&client=firefox-b-e

https://www.google.com/search?q=images+of+small+berries&tbm=isch&ved=2ahUKEwj29ZmJh6XtAhXL0oUKHb7KC_IQ2-cCegQIABAA&oq=images+of+small+berries&gs_lcp=CgNpbWcQAzoCCAA6BggAEAgQHlChpgFYibIBYJG3AWgAcAB4AIAB4wGIAcgLkgEDMi03mAEAoAEBqgELZ3dzLXdpei1pbWfAAQE&sclient=img&ei=uSnCX7a1DcullwS-la-QDw&bih=654&biw=1024&client=firefox-b-e

https://www.google.com/search?q=images+of+sodom+leaves&tbm=isch&ved=2ahUKEwiXoZGVh6XtAhVP8BoKHef0DaIQ2-cCegQIABAA&oq=images+of+sodom+leaves&gs_lcp=CgNpbWcQAzoECAAQQzoCCAA6BAgAEBhQvENY9FVgq1poAHAAeACAAecDiAG5G5IBBzItOC4yLjKYAQCgAQGqAQtnd3Mtd2l6LWltZ8ABAQ&sclient=img&ei=0inCX5fwDs_ga-fpt5AK&bih=654&biw=1024&client=firefox-b-e

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thermoelectric_generator

https://www.instructables.com/Battery-Charger-Powered-by-Fire/

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CITU4KH93aU

https://techweez.com/2017/12/16/egypt-nile-x/

Moch tabaia mbaya, ukitombwa ni sharti u reciprocate yaani lazima utombane back as mtu mwenye anakupenda tombana naye, si kung’ethia tu hapo yeye ndiye alone mtu wa jobu. Unafanya vizii/vibya as vile nimesikia

Imperial blue Whisky made when paw paw placed in hay in the container placed inside soil or water or big dustbin like 1 then u chop avocado seed extract mixed with grass on wood or rub ya hand/figures on the side lips of the woman or esp young ladies as teenagers vagina or pussy as in the link below or chop carrot on wood mixed with sperms

https://www.gbottleshop.com/product/imperial-blue/

When something not pleaseth ya with one, u can do with him the above cause his burial will be lofty to benefit others more than he lives dude

https://www.nytimes.com/2020/11/27/world/middleeast/iran-nuclear-scientist-killed.html

So Mr Hindu, can get to his land as we got detectors 4 bombs, guns and others products as they say they know the mind of such people wanting to use the same on manhood prior b4 they are stop and that's their utility around without them much crime but alas dude we got such gadgets that even sense graves so spare us your scrap bro, can be placed in city roads and streets to combat crimes and even at your door stop, we got same 4 household as detecting sharp things like knife 1 might ambush u with.

Carrot in hay chop tangerine on wood or wood soaked in tangerine juice in mud or salted iced grass chop on wood in factory house basement sliding towards the road or in tanks as above or chop tarmacked roads makes Mineral water bro .

Paw paw in guava then chop iced cabbage on mud or boiled neem tree leaves juice in mud makes toilet cleaners as Harpic dude b4 u transfer to another his already used container or make new dude

Eating every now and then sweet things qualifies ya tongue to be used to make some machines in the boom process, when that tongue made hole in between and any stick fruit placed like carrot or anything then in mud u chop even placing the mud on concrete or wood and still chop or mud 4 dung or in any fluid or anything, like makes drugs when heap is dung or kale or any veggies and u do the above while with machines heap cooked foods mixed with ice salted grass or not or sewer water or heap guava mixed with like rubber extracts or parts or veggies with cooked kale soup or dried cabbage

Jik still made when guava placed in paw paw chop clay mixed with neem leaves cooked juice or chop tomato seed on wood, heap placed in container as above the next ground harboring husks extract like of wood, hay or coconut on sand or grassed land.

Rye grain placed closed to heap of boiled maize or raw in super-drum as above then on grass planted soil chop wood soaked on boiled maize soup or chop beans soaked in sewer water on board or wood or trample on housefly on same wood and with wheat do the same as above on fully inserted to the ground level big super-drum then chop ephorbia tree trunk in mud or chop hay mixed with sewer water on the same board or wood soaked on paw paw juice or mango seed mixed with millet extract on that bucket or trample on rat on such wood or chop tarmacked road adjacent if any. With rice do the same as bring close to maize in same super-drum then chop wood soaked pineapple juice, chop guava or carrot on it and try with any cereal to chop on that board or trample on wheat mixed with honey ion floor or divide tortilla or clothe soaked on paraffin on cemented floor or chop floor tiles to break with water on them dude

With making roads or buildings the devil can make such foundation holes even without you making and even with fab houses that's why built on sand to easily transfer and even with Bridges and sky scrappers

Compare the songs below and talk to me dude as stripping women when with then matters when they have accepted ya but previous were hard on ya. Chwetoment as one contends dude. If at all u could ya succeeded in ya fucked up shit as Kenya Rich than USA which could just go that way unless u attack them to control cause point blank Kenya is comparable to Tanzania like or gimmick to tell people they are blind love bad things so they get to Russia as it is made that way and love such people but fails as explained earlier when every machine can be made even by them and every tribe to make every people put in the nations to upset them bro

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=wroHx7Cl0tw

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_XhOKIHGH7Q

Artificial maize made when brought close to rice then chop wood soaked on butternut soup or extract or trample on grass on wood or Rab such between ya palms or chop carrot on wood mixed with garlic or tangerine or leaf onion and try with other veggies and cereal/fruits as well chopping on the board close to carrots dude or grind the 2 together b4 u chop on mud or such boards dude or on the floor or concrete dude

The man dancing on XXL T-shirt is the way to go if u wanna live long as in the song link below and better him, kebi, has no such short trousers but bought the WWF kinda, pumper like boxer, when in heart of Kansas off his firm or getting to the firm as that is the attire in summer time that gives him happiness, he is always that way dressed and when climbing the short fences to another his firm or next dual road inner slab reaches 4 the fence or slab with his 2 palm of hands as age is catching up with him, not doing it faster to climb. 1 might laugh but the situation made him that way and so many a people following suit out of his help 4 families via suggestions on social media dude. Shirt overhangs to the knee

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=oe9qb5yPQgA

Moch okdwachamo reye gi mchellle, moch cham reyi no gi ochelle, cham reyi no gi mchelle as kebi repeats the same under influence of alcohol being tipsy cause to much people think u r cushite who dies fast and give fast to love as below http://strategyleader.org/articles/cushite.html

Moch bwan okimiya nyimi anang, wewe ni mtu wangu, kiki tim kebi kata an kamano. Delanu mkubwa utters the same, pilemax says okaguony instead of okanang.

China haval car automaker car list images in the link below

https://www.google.com/search?source=univ&tbm=isch&q=images+of+haval+cars&client=firefox-b-e&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwikms6o-aTtAhXiVhUIHf-xBCkQjJkEegQIAhAB&biw=1024&bih=654

The floating in the middle placed floater armored tubes or cylinder for suspended roads inside water can both be cross like to the below road or horizontally the same, us looking 4 the strong option not to sink dude as in the link below

https://www.weforum.org/agenda/2016/07/norway-could-build-the-worlds-first-floating-tunnel

Can such tunnels be build at night already mounted on top tarmacked roads same as with the road 4 the same to be built beneath dude as in the link above or under rivers that pass into the hearts of city to reduce road traffic snarl ups as synonymous with Cairo or Landon and even more such cities. U place like every-night 100 meter at midnight when their was a knock when few cars on roads not to interfere with city business operation when such initiatives undertaken at day time or do the same during fracas dude. U use cargo drones many to lift the same tunnel and well place it underneath to make another pass-way 4 train and even another road or place water 4 public speed boats to take people to the city and back easing road congestion seen on the above roads

Factory made welded windows in the links below, Great black bird of yesterday

https://doorwingroup.com/products/top-round-welding-grill-design-window-by-doorwin-on-alibaba

https://www.alibaba.com/product-detail/Industrial-steel-glass-doors-metal-frames_60806488849.html

https://www.aliexpress.com/item/32976251794.html

https://www.aliexpress.com/item/32974902659.html?spm=a2g0o.detail.0.0.7e571225V8E7hj&gps-id=pcDetailBottomMoreThisSeller&scm=1007.13339.169870.0&scm_id=1007.13339.169870.0&scm-url=1007.13339.169870.0&pvid=67cb3fca-2e7e-4115-beca-1ef41710138c&_t=gps-id:pcDetailBottomMoreThisSeller,scm-url:1007.13339.169870.0,pvid:67cb3fca-2e7e-4115-beca-1ef41710138c,tpp_buckets:668%230%23131923%230_668%23808%234094%23116_668%23888%233325%2318_668%232846%238113%23636_668%232717%237567%23919_668%231000022185%231000066059%230_668%233468%2315608%23105

https://www.google.com/imgres?imgurl=https%3A%2F%2Fs.alicdn.com%2F%40sc01%2Fkf%2FHTB1sTkDIv1TBuNjy0Fjq6yjyXXaV.jpg&imgrefurl=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.alibaba.com%2Fcountrysearch%2FCN%2Fweld-windows.html&tbnid=CsTLowJQgf1DyM&vet=10CF4QMyiMAWoXChMI-Ob61_yk7QIVAAAAAB0AAAAAEAI..i&docid=G21T2wmro0fjWM&w=1000&h=1000&itg=1&q=alibaba%20welded%20windows%20images&client=firefox-b-e&ved=0CF4QMyiMAWoXChMI-Ob61_yk7QIVAAAAAB0AAAAAEAI#imgrc=u3NabKHJajcr4M&imgdii=h1WoQSkUs7C0sM

https://www.pinterest.com.mx/pin/735001601668293135/

https://www.alibaba.com/product-detail/China-Modern-design-hotel-hospital-school_1600084696234.html?s=p

http://m.ghdoorframe.com/wood-door/laminated-finish-door/5-star-hotel-wooden-fire-door.html

https://mjldoor.en.made-in-china.com/product/CsbxnwKoluhH/China-China-Gold-Supplier-Front-Door-Designs-Aluminum-Security-Steel-Door.html

https://www.google.com/search?q=images%20of%20china%20glass%20steel%20doors%20images&tbm=isch&tbs=rimg:CUeyG17l0dBAYS3LGezDTxPH&client=firefox-b-e&hl=en-US&sa=X&ved=0CAIQrnZqFwoTCNCv_6T-pO0CFQAAAAAdAAAAABAC&biw=1007&bih=654

https://www.google.com/search?q=images%20of%20china%20glass%20steel%20doors%20images&tbm=isch&tbs=rimg:CVTrZW_15Kc2_1YQqCIYVyUVS5&client=firefox-b-e&hl=en-US&sa=X&ved=0CB0QuIIBahcKEwjw96Gj_qTtAhUAAAAAHQAAAAAQAg&biw=1007&bih=654

Boom made bricks in the link below then cheat people soil they use they get off water in rivers washed away when in the surrounding areas no left quarries to ascertain the above

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=A9vDzw5tgCE

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CCQjb1hRYRM

Timer cooker generator in the link below dude, click to get a glimpse

https://www.futurebridge.com/industry/perspectives-electronics-semiconductors/innovative-consumer-appliances-consumer-proximate-production/

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crackforme · 3 years

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#rpg #shinc #crack #henry cav #taron egerton #gif #crackship #dove cameroon #dove cameron #henry cavill

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kobayashimasahide · 3 years

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あけましておめでとうございます

　　　　　　　　　　　　　　令和三年元旦

牛の仮面 2005年5月7日 88 (h.) × 37 (w.) × 25 (d.) cm 2.8 kg　　　・オートバイの二人乗り用掴みベルト付き座席　　 (合成皮革/スポンジ状ポリウレタン/プラスチック/鉄) 　・オートバイのブレーキ/クラッチ・レバー (アルミ) 　・　　〃　　バック・ミラー (鏡/鉄/プラスチック) 　・　　〃　　後輪泥除け (プラスチック) 　・ボルト・ナット等 (鉄)

Happy New Year !　　　　January 1, 2021

Cow Mask　 5／7／2005 88 (h.) × 37 (w.) × 25 (d.) cm 2.8 kg ・Tandem Seat with Grip Belt of Motorcycle 　 (Synthetic Leather, Polyurethane Foam, Plastics, Iron) ・Brake/Clutch Lever of Motorcycle (Aluminum) ・Rearview Mirror of Motorcycle (Mirror, Iron, Plastics) ・Rea Fender of Motorcycle (Plastics) ・Bolt and Nut etc. (Iron)

　1943年の早春のある日のこと、ピカソはドイツ軍占領下のパリの街を歩いて家に帰る途中、道端にゴチャ混ぜになって積み上げられていた廃品の山の中に、錆びた自転車のハンドルと、その直ぐ横に転がる革のサドルを見つけました。その瞬間、その二つは電光のように閃いて頭の中で組み合わさり、それを家に持ち帰って接合し (後にそれを型取り・ブロンズ鋳造する)、この彫刻史に燦然と輝く––––錆びてますが (笑) ––––＜牡牛の頭部＞(1) を造ったのでした。

(1)-1 ピカソ＜牡牛の頭部＞ 1943

(1)-2 自転車のハンドル (金属) とサドル (革)　正面下から見上げた

(1)-3 ブロンズ鋳造

(1)-4 少し左から見上げた

(1)-5 少し右から

　これこそが、私がこれまでに何度か述べてきた (2)「チャンス・イメージ」––––この場合はサドルが牛の顔に/ハンドルが角に似ているという「私たちの記憶像 (この場合は牛の) を喚起する偶然の類似形」––––と、その記憶像を、今度は逆にその類似形の上に脳内で重ね合わせる「プロジェクション (投映)」とが、一瞬で双方向に交差した典型的な例なのです。　これは、視覚/認知心理学や脳科学の分野では––––「シミュラクラ (あるものが顔に見える) ⊂ パレイドリア (あるものが何かに見える)」––––と称ばれている現象です。　そして、こうした視覚心理現象に基づく造形手法が––––「レディ・メイド (既成の物) 」としての「ファウンド・オブジェクト (今まで気にも留めなかった物が新たに見直される、そのようにして改めて見出された/発見された物体) 」の「アッサンブラージュ (寄せ集め/組み合わせ)」––––で、ピカソのこの＜牡牛の頭部＞は、まさにその栄えある先駆/嚆矢/原点でもあります。

　尤も、この視覚心理現象＋造形手法と牛との最初の出会いは、実はピカソの遥か以前の１万８千〜１万年前に、既に始まっていたのでした。しかもその場所は、ピカソの故国スペインの––––それも彼が10歳から14歳まで暮らしたスペイン北部の町ラ・コルーニャのあるガリシア州から東に二つ隣のカンタブリア州の––––アルタミラ洞窟なのです。　「徐々に土中に向かって傾斜している」この洞窟の「すべての劇的なアクセントはただ一カ所––––大きな部屋の天井––––に集中されてい」て、「この天井の高さは…約２m から１m まで…奥にゆくにつれて徐々に低くなっている」とギーディオン(3) が書くその部屋を、ヒキ (引き) で撮った写真が (4)-1 で、ヨリ (寄り) で天井を撮った写真が (4)-2 です。

(4)-1 アルタミラ洞窟大きな部屋全景 (白黒)

(4)-2 大きな部屋天井部分 (白黒)

　最初に敢えて古い横からの照明の白黒写真をお示ししたのは、私たちがそれを見る限りは只のデコボコと波打つ天井にしか見えないからです。しかし、これを旧石器時代末期のマドレーヌ人が見た時––––私たちには見えないのだけれど、彼らが常日ごろ見慣れ、或いは見たいと切望していた (からこそ見ることのできた)––––体を丸めて地面に横たわり出産しようとしている (食料とその安定供給をもたらす) 無数の雌の野牛の群れを見出したのです。　そして、その岩のレリーフ (浮き彫り) 状に膨らんだ凸塊に、鉄錆＝酸化鉄系の赤い土 (性顔料) を塗ったり吹き付けたりして白っぽい素地から形を浮かび上がらせ、更に、形の内外を画す輪郭と、欠けていて足りない尻尾や角や背中のタテガミを形の外側に、また、折り曲げた前・後脚を形の内側に、いずれも黒い炭などの顔料で描き足して全体を完成させたのです (4)-3, 4, 5 。

(4)-3 大きな部屋天井部分 (カラー)

(4)-4 上の (4)-3 の上中央の野牛正面正対 (白黒)

(4)-5 上の (4)-4 の野牛とその周辺 (カラー)

　ギーディオンは、こうした表現––––つまり「チャンス・イメージ ⇄ プロジェクション」/「シミュラクラ ⊂ パレイドリア」/「レディメイドとしてのファウンド・オブジェクトのアッサンブラージュ」––––を、彼の言い方で次のように記しています。　　「実在する自然石の形をそのまま用い…, 岩の自然の形状のうちに潜在している動物…を識別する…循環現象により…作られ… (中略) …, 自然…すなわち岩盤の線と輪郭に従うことによって, 発生したのである.」(pp.371-372) 　「マドレーヌ人の目には, 岩の表面が内面に動物の形を含んでいるようにみえ…またそういうことに…かれらはいつも気を配っていた.」(p.394) 　「この動物の姿勢全体は岩の形によって決められた. …天井の表面の凹凸がこのような姿を暗示させたのである….」(p.427) 　「横たわるビゾン　　この身体をまるめた…ビゾンは倒れているのではなく, たぶん分娩しているのであろう…. この姿は完全に隆起した岩の形によってきめられている. 露出した岩石にたまたま眠っている生命を認め, それに形式をあたえる…マドレーヌの美術家たちの力のあらわれがある. われわれの目には, 色彩のない突起はたんに無定形の岩のこぶにすぎない. しかしマドレーヌ人はそれらをまったく違った感覚でうけとめた. …かれらは自然に存在している形に想像的に接近し…たのである.」(pp.427-428) 　「岩の中にすでに存在した姿が…空想を産んだのである.」(p.489)

　このマドレーヌ期から１〜２万年後に形を変えて繰り返されたピカソと牛との出会いは、子どもの頃に父に連れられて見に行き、すっかり魅せられて虜になってしまった闘牛 (コリーダ) から始まります。須藤哲生は『ピカソと闘牛』の中で次のように書いています。　「ピカソの芸術は闘牛とともにはじまった。現在までに確認されている最も初期の作品は、油彩にせよ、素描にせよ、コリーダを主題としている。……デッサン第一号も…『コリーダと六羽の鳩の習作』…で…、これをピカソの最も古い作品という説もあり、…十歳前後のデッサンであろう。……一枚の画用紙を天地に使って闘牛のシーンと鳩を描いたもので、……きわめて象徴的な意味合いを帯びている。闘牛と鳩。血なまぐさい闘技と平和のシンボル。まさに天と地の違いの、この二つのおよそ対蹠的なテーマは、ともに終生ピカソの芸術を貫いた主題であった。」(5)

(6) ピカソ＜闘牛と鳩＞紙に鉛筆 1890　

　実際、この＜コリーダと六羽の鳩の習作＞(6) 以降、この牛は、ある時は牛頭人身の＜ミノタウロス＞(1933~)(7) となり、またある時

(7) ピカソ＜ミノタウロス＞ 1933

はファシズムと母国スペインという相反両義の象徴となって＜ゲルニカ＞(1937)(8) の死児を抱いて泣き叫ぶ母の背後に佇み、また、ド

(8) ピカソ＜ゲルニカ＞ 1937

イツ占領下のパリではナチスの鍵十字ともキリストの十字架とも取れる両義的な窓枠の前に置かれた頭蓋骨––––＜雄牛の頭蓋骨のある静物＞(1942)(9) ––––となり、そして、この翌年の＜牡牛の頭部＞(1943) へと変身し続けて行くのです。

(9) ピカソ＜雄牛の頭蓋骨のある静物＞ 1942

　私は拙作の題名を「頭部」ではなく顔面としての「仮面」にしましたが、ピカソの＜牡牛の頭部＞も––––特に型押し成形の革のサドル(10) の凸面は––––仮面的であり、彼が若き日のキュビスム時代に多大な示唆を得たアフリカの仮面彫刻を彷彿とさせます。このキュビスム／仮面性は、例えば戦後すぐに制作したリトグラフの連作––––モンドリアンの樹木を抽象化して行く過程を辿る連作にも似た––––＜雄牛 I~XI＞(1945~46)(11-1) の内の VI (11-2), VII, X にも窺えます。

(11-1)　ピカソ＜雄牛 I~XI＞(1945~46) リトグラフ

(11-2)　ピカソ＜雄牛 VI＞ 12/26/1945 リトグラフ

　かくいう拙作も、当然ながらアフリカの仮面を意識的/無意識的に思い浮かべて––––尤も、牛とは限定せずに漠然と動物らしきものをイメージして––––造ったものですが、改めてウェブ上で拙作に似た––––細面の「馬面」で、真っ直ぐな角の––––牛の仮面を探してみると、牛は牛でも野牛/水牛 (Buffalo / Bush Cow) の仮面とされる (しかし実際の野牛/水牛とは一寸違うように見える) 幾つかの仮面の中に、似ているもの (12)-1, -2 がありました。

(12)-1 野牛のマスク (マリ共和国-ソニンケ文化)

(12)-2 水牛の仮面 (カメルーン共和国-バミレケ/バムン文化)

　なお、この未発表の旧作には「サトコ」(聡子)という名前が付いています。彼女は私が卒業研究 (作品制作) を指導した学生の一人で、このバイク・シートは、彼女が素材として集めたものですが、「これ、横のベルトの留め金具が目みたいで、動物の顔に見えるなぁ」と呟いた私に、卒業する時、「先生、どうぞ」と言って置き土産にしていったものです (彼女は卒業後、家具職人の修行をしにドイツに渡りました)。　当時、大学の直ぐ南隣の丘の斜面に、若者たちがやっているバイクの解体作業場があって、ジャンク・ヤードさながらに部品やら何やらが散乱していて、私のようなジャンク・アーティストにとっては、そこは宝の山でした。この仮面の耳と角 (ツノ) に見立てたバック・ミラーとブレーキ/クラッチ・レバーは、そこで見つけた物 (字義通りのファウンド・オブジェクト) です。　仮面と言っても、これは顔面に装着するコンセプトではない (そもそも重くて無理な) のですが、最後に、楽屋裏をお見せすると (下の写真) ––––色や形が肉を削いだ牛骨のようで、一寸グロいので御注意下さい！––––ご覧の通り、この耳も角も、極く普通の金具を使って、極く荒/粗っぽい、単純な取り付け方をしております。

[註]

(1)-1 via [https://www.slideshare.net/nichsara/sculpture-upload––No.22]。 (1)-2 via [https://www.pablopicasso.org/bull-head.jsp]。アトリエを訪れた写真家のブラッサイに、作品の制作過程を語ったピカソの言葉が、末尾に引用されています。　なお、この作品の制作年に関しては、ニューヨーク近代美術館–ウィリアム・ルービン編集、日本語版監修-山田智三郎・瀬木慎一『パブロ・ピカソ–––天才の生涯と芸術』(旺文社, 1981, pp.351-352) のジェーン・フリューゲルによる年譜に従いました。 (1)-3 via [https://www.moma.org/audio/playlist/19/412]。鼻梁に沿って空いているはずの二つの鋲穴が塞がっているので、ブロンズ鋳造と分かります。 (1)-4 via [lezards-plastiques.blogspot.com/2010/09/sixieme-personnages-et-animaux-de-bric.html]。 (1)-5 via [sakainaoki.blogspot.com/2014/02/1942.html]。 (2)　例えば [https://kobayashimasahide.tumblr.com/post/189982445375/happy-new-year-january-1-2020-clockey] の [註]。 (3)　 S. ギーディオン著、江上波夫・木村重信訳『永遠の現在–––美術の起源』(東京大学出版会, 1968, p.420)。 (4)-1 via [https://fascinatingspain.com/place-to-visit/what-to-see-in-cantabria/altamira-caves/#1505145409627-b0f76054-69219231-ea60]。 (4)-2 ギーディオン、前掲書 p.423-pl.「280. アルタミーラ嶮しく傾斜する天井. 前面に多彩のビゾンが岩の隆起の上に描かれている.」の複写。 (4)-3 via [http://www.tsimpkins.com/2017/10/echoes-of-atlantis-by-david-s-brody.html]。　 (4)-4 ギーディオン、前掲書 p266-Color pl. XIV. の白黒複写。 (4)-5 via [https://100swallows.wordpress.com/2008/10/11/art-in-the-great-altamira-cave/]。 (5)　須藤哲生『ピカソと闘牛』(水声社, 2004, pp.26~29)。因みに、平和の鳩に関しては、拙稿 [https://kobayashimasahide.tumblr.com/post/155212719705/happy-new-year-2017-dove-of-peace-masahide] で、作品の画像を一つ引用しています。 (6)　 via [https://www.pablo-ruiz-picasso.net/work-3936.php]。 (7)　 via [https://www.pablo-ruiz-picasso.net/work-1088.php]。この頭部は、次の (8) の戦時中の頭蓋骨を予感させます。　ところで、この牛頭人身のミノタウロス (Minotauros) とは、クレタ島の王ミノス (Minos) の妃が牡牛 (taur) と交わって生んだ息子ゆえに付けられた名前ですが、ミノス王自身もまた、ヨーロッパの語源となったフェニキアの王女エウロペが牡牛に変身したゼウス神と交わって生んだ半神半人の息子です。そのクレタのクノッソス宮殿には、突進してくる牛の二本の角を掴み、牛の背中の上で前方宙返りをし、牛の背後に着地する一種の闘牛的「牡牛跳びの儀式/競技」を描いた壁画が残されています。ことほどさように、東地中海地域では、牛と人間との間には古く (ギリシャ以前のミノア文明の時代) から、深い関係がありました。

＜牡牛跳びの儀式/競技＞　クレタクノッソス宮殿壁画 via [http://arthistoryresources.net/greek-art-archaeology-2016/minoan-bull-jumping.html]

　ピカソはスペインで生まれてフランスで暮らしましたが、先の (3)〜(4) のアルタミラのあるカンタブリア州から更に東に進むと、フランスとの国境を成すピレネー山脈があり、その北側から南フランスへと流れ出すガロンヌ川の源流域にも、沢山の旧石器時代壁画を有する洞窟群が展開しています (この西仏双方を合わせて「フランコ・カンタブリア地方/美術」と呼んでいます)。そのガロンヌ川源流域のレ・トゥロワ・フレール洞窟に、１m と隔てぬ近い距離で、このミノタウロスを思わせる二体の牛頭人身像––––「楽器を奏でるビゾン人間」と「人間の膝…ふくらはぎ…勃起し…た男根……をもつ野牛的動物」(前掲 (3) のギーディオン pp.499-507)––––が描かれているのです。

＜楽器を奏でるビゾン人間＞　ブルイユによるレ・トゥロワ・フレール洞窟壁画のトレース画　via [https://www.larevuedesressources.org/les-reponses-erotiques-de-l-art-prehistorique-un-eclairage-bataillien,605.html]

＜人間の下半身を持つ野牛的動物＞　ブルイユによるレ・トゥロワ・フレール洞窟壁画のトレース画 via [http://reportages.saint-pompon.com/reportages2/04e7589d8909f0601.php]

　このように、フランスと東地中海も含む南ヨーロッパ美術史における牛と人間との関係は、旧石器時代の昔から今日まで極めて深いものがあり、牛をモチーフやテーマにしたピカソも、単にその一例に過ぎないと言えるのかもしれません。　 (8)　 via [https://www.pablo-ruiz-picasso.net/work-170.php]。 (9)　 via [https://www.pablo-ruiz-picasso.net/work-195.php]。 (10)　私もピカソへのオマージュとして、自転車のサドル (但し革ではなくプレス成形鉄板) を顔/頭にした (牛ではなくて) アルマジロを造っています ([http://ir.lib.u-ryukyu.ac.jp/bitstream/20.500.12000/1916/1/Vol63p77.pdf -pp.94-95])。 (11)-1 via [https://pintura1krasmanski.blogspot.com/p/material-de-consulta.html?m=1––pl.2]。 (11)-2 via [https://artyfactory.com/art_appreciation/animals_in_art/pablo_picasso.htm––pl.6]。 (12)-1 via [https://www.azalai-japon.com/bois/masque/2298-08.html]。 (12)-2 via [https://www.auctionzip.com/auction-lot/Bamileke-Bamun-Bush-Cow-Mask-Cameroon-Grasslands_4A54B5983D]。

#cow #mask #picasso #altamira #assembrage #found object #ready-made #motorcycle

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sirjustice1141 · 3 years

Text

Life teaching episodes

https://www.elledecor.com/design-decorate/room-ideas/g3208/wallpaper-design-ideas/

https://constructionreviewonline.com/news/construction-of-yaounde-douala-expressway-in-cameroon-advances/

https://www.businessincameroon.com/public-management/2703-4742-1-6-billion-fcfa-blocks-douala-yaounde-road-construction-project

https://constructionreviewonline.com/2014/09/us-based-louis-berger-construct-us-9-0m-section-yaounde-douala-highway-cameroon/

https://www.daringgourmet.com/smoked-cheddar-sausages/

https://www.wikihow.com/Buy-a-Good-Avocado

Or shoot but this time round take to the morgue using a wheelchair or police custody as in the link below to signify hate and their downfall to rudeness and maneuver dude

https://www.google.com/search?q=old+people+on+wheel+chair+images&client=firefox-b-e&tbm=isch&source=iu&ictx=1&fir=D7nIVfmYjbmyzM%252COPXZg8KD4QDD9M%252C_&vet=1&usg=AI4_-kSUGAzkGN0HSBaG5I9VAimlHVlg-w&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwi_wfnd26ftAhVRtHEKHasqCQcQ9QF6BAgDECw#imgrc=D7nIVfmYjbmyzM

Tongue placed inside code the place in millet in containers as above then chop ripe paw paw on wood alongside garlic onion or thinner, kerosene makes spirit alcohol like Kenya Kane and if u replace the later like garlic with any veggies or fruits or berries and even with other fluids makes other types. Tongue can be human or of any animal as u try with makes people tipsy more.

Stop this Kenyan thing of drinking much big bottled spirits, when white men pass loughs at ya resort to the same squeezed into like 20 % of that big bottle as synonymous with Eu or Developed nations to bring ya respect dude as in the link below

https://www.foodandwine.com/holidays-events/christmas/best-stocking-stuffers-alcohol-mini-bottles

https://www.ebay.com/itm/USA-MINIATURE-LIQUOR-BOTTLES-Mini-Liquor-Bottles-Samplers-Display-Case-/233438701530

Drink fresh water using these technologies in the link below

https://www.alfalaval.com/products/process-solutions/fresh-water-generation/single-stage-freshwater-generator/aqua-single-stage-freshwater-generator/

https://www.google.com/search?source=univ&tbm=isch&q=Alfa+Lava+AQUA+Blue+freshwater+generators+images&client=firefox-b-e&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwjvzpfP46ftAhVWRxUIHdyQDnoQjJkEegQIAxAB&biw=1024&bih=654

New long saucer rocket or jet that i partitioned as u move up to carry passengers as in the link below dude, when going down seats changes to be placed on the ceiling of the 1st case and vice versa or 2 prototype made that way dude

https://www.tesmanian.com/blogs/tesmanian-blog/self-destruct

https://www.cnbc.com/video/2019/05/02/blue-origin-just-launched-and-landed-the-rocket-jeff-bezos-wants-use-for-space-tourism.html

We advocate 4 escort Urgency employee in the next future cause harbors ya her protection as the Urgency knows you as has all ya details so cant do harm to their client as if so, they arrest ya as some firm u get to the office or where directed nearby and ankle bracelets tied to ya to indicate ya location in-case of injuries dude

https://www.businessinsider.com/the-6-types-of-prostitutes-and-where-they-work-2013-11?IR=T

https://skyscrapershousing.com/construction-blog/cost-constructing-house-uganda/

https://thebestofzambia.com/update/cjlf4gipf0t6a0110cee503ta

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