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empirearchives · 3 days

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Napoleon and Nicolas Appert: The invention of canned food

“Although he [Napoleon] continued so far as possible the Revolutionary practice of having armies live off the land, he also did his best to develop an efficient commissariat. A famous part of his supply system was canned food, particularly meat, for the army. Nicholas Appert had started the food-canning industry in 1804, building a factory that employed fifty people. His method prescribed putting the food in glass jars, which were next carefully stoppered, and then cooked in boiling water for lengths of time varying with the type of food. The navy first used the canned food, with great success even on extended cruises. In 1810 the Minister of the Interior awarded Appert 12,000 francs on condition he make his process public.”

— Robert B. Holtman, The Napoleonic Revolution

The inventor of canning, Appert, deposited samples of his invention to the imperial government in 1809, specifically to the Society for the Encouragement of National Industry [Société d'Encouragement pour l'Industrie Nationale].

He published his findings in 1810, titled: Le livre de tous les ménages ou l'art de conserver pendant plusieurs années toutes les substances animales et végétales [English tr: The Art of Preserving All Kinds of Animal and Vegetable Substances For Several Years]. It was “a work published by the order of the French Minister of the Interior, on the report of the Board of Arts and Manufactures”.

For his discovery, the government paid him 12,000 francs and gave him free lodgings and a workshop in the Hospice des Quinze-Vingts. Every prefecture in the French Empire was supplied with a copy of his book, and the prefects were assigned the responsibility of disseminating the information widely. Two more editions were created under the empire, and another in 1831.

His factories were ransacked and destroyed during the invasions of France in 1814 and again in 1815. He was able to rebuild and won several gold medals from the Society for the Encouragement of National Industry and eventually became a member of the Society.

Appert is quoted as saying “I sacrificed everything for humanity, all my life”.

Additional Sources:

English translation of Appert’s 1810 publication

Nicolas Appert inventeur et humaniste, Jean-Paul Barbier, 1994 (Fondation Napoléon)

Collection A. Carême: Le conservateur 1842 (archive.org)

Defining Culinary Authority: The Transformation of Cooking in France, 1650-1830 by Jennifer J. Davis

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mote-historie · 3 months

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George Barbier, In early Art Deco style: Dix-sept dessins de George Barbier sur Le cantique des cantiques - Traduction française de 1316 (Seventeen drawings by George Barbier on The Song of Songs - French translation from 1316), Paris: La Belle Édition, 1914.

For sale: EditionOriginale.com

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artdecoandmodernist · 11 months

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1920 Art Deco Sunburst design, Le Bonheur du Jour, by George Barbier.

A sunburst is a design or figure commonly used in architectural ornaments and design patterns and possibly pattern books. It consists of rays or "beams" radiating out from a central disk in the manner of sunbeams. Sometimes part of a sunburst, a semicircular or semi-elliptical shape, is used. Traditional sunburst motifs usually show the rays narrowing as they get further from the centre; from the later 19th century they often get wider, as in the Japanese Rising Sun Flag, which is more appropriate in optical terms. (x)

For sale: Edition Originale

#1920 #illustration #george barbier #art deco #sunburst #barbier #art deco illustration #20s illustration #art deco style #art deco pattern #sunburst art deco #edition originale #art deco sunburst #beams #illustrations #history

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enchantedbook · 9 months

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'La Terre' by George Barbier

#George barbiet #Barbier #George Barbier #art deco #La Terre

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fidjiefidjie · 6 months

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Bonjour, bonne journée ☕️ ☁️

Barbier ,Kaboul 🇦🇫 Afghanistan

Photo de Marc Riboud 1955

#photooftheday #photography #black and white #vintage #marc riboud #afghanistan #kaboul #barbier #bonjour #bonnejournée #fidjie fidjie

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gogmstuff · 9 months

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Fashion in 1914 -

1915 (first exhibited) Rose, née Boote, Fourth Marchioness of Headfort by Sir William Orpen (auctioned by Sotheby's) slightly increased exposure 1244X1675.

Left 1914 (July) Another ensemble by Jenny, Les Modes - photo by Félix. From les-modes.tumblr.com/page/18; fixed spots w Pshop 725X1920.

Center 1914 (July) Ensemble by Jenny, Les Modes - photo by Félix. From les-modes.tumblr.com/page/18 696X1920.

Right 1914 (June) Evening gown by Lucile from Les Modes From les-modes.tumblr.com/post/52480680436/evening-gown-by-lucile-les-modes-june-1914; fixed spots & flaws w Pshop 1109X1920.

1914 Doña Ascensión Reynoso Mateo by Enrique Dorda Rodriguez (private collection). From history-of-fashion.tumblr.com/image/125539729854; fixed bigger spots w Pshop 861X1308.

Left 1914 dress for the races. From messynessychic.com/2018/04/27/lovely-ladies-in-lace-at-the-paris-races; removed print with Photoshop and cropped 857X1242.

Right 1914 Les toilettes à Longchamp with umbrellas (Bibliothèque nationale de France - Paris, France). From their Gallica collection 820X1178

1914 Duquesa Sofia de Hohenberg by C. Kofel. From Wikimedia; fixed spots w Pshp 933X1483.Her assassination along with her husband Archduke Ferdinand's in Sarajevo triggered World War 1.

1914 Gazette du Bon Ton "Le Choix Difficile Manteau du soir de Worth" by Boutet-DeMonvel artophile.com 750X1096.

1914 La Inglesa by Ramón Casas (auctioned by Sotheby's). From their Web site 692X1983.

Left 1914 Longchamp, modes aux courses (Bibliothèque nationale de France - Paris, France). From their Gallica collection; removed spots and fixed upper edge with Photoshop 834X1261.

Right 1914 Longchamp, modes aux courses small hat and blouson bodice (Bibliothèque nationale de France - Paris, France). From their Gallica collection; removed spots with Photoshop 787X1287.

1914 Mlle. Gabrielle Dorziat by Robert Sauber (location ?). From jeannepompadour.tumblr.com/post/120549819170/mlle-gabrielle-dorziat-by-robert-sauber-1914 via pinterest.com/tailleboisfabienne00/peintures/ 1053X1920.

Left 1914 Mode à Longchamp (Bibliothèque nationale de France - Paris, France). From their Gallica collection 821X1201.

Right 1914 Modes du Derby à Chantilly (Bibliothèque nationale de France - Paris, France). From their Gallica collection; removed spots and flaws with Photoshop 936X1181.

Left 1914 Parisian fashion of the end of the Belle Époque 0. From yadi.sk/a/bVdkli-N3ZRDZc 819X1191.

Right 1914 Parisian fashion of the end of the Belle Époque 1 (1). From yadi.sk/a/bVdkli-N3ZRDZc 825X1181.

1914 Parisian fashion of the end of the Belle Époque 1 (8). From yadi.sk/a/bVdkli-N3ZRDZc 1096X847.

Left 1914 Les Modes Art Nouveau style Robe du Soir by Baron Christoff von Drecoll. From tumblr.com/mote-historie/732354780761079808/robe-du-soir-par-drecoll-les-modes-paris-1914?source=share&.

Center 1914 (August issue) La Gazette du Bon Ton L'Arbre de Science (The Tree of Science), Robe du Soir de Georges Doeuillet by George Barbier. From tumblr.com/mote-historie/730912140703268864/george-barbier-larbre-de-science-robe-du-soir?source=share&.

Right 1914 1914 La Femme Chic à Paris by Souchel. From tumblr.com/fashionsfromthepast/744198373624725504? 1802X2381.

Left 1914 Parisian fashion of the end of the Belle Époque 1 (1). From yadi.sk/a/bVdkli-N3ZRDZc 825X1181.

Right 1914 Parisian fashion of the end of the Belle Époque 1 (26). From yadi.sk/a/bVdkli-N3ZRDZc 679X1025.

1914 (January issue) Femina illustration by Georges Lepape. From tumblr.com/mote-historie/731824161202307072/georges-lepape-fantasie-sur-fantaisies-la?source=share& 1158X659. A satirical opinion of Poiret Sorbet style?

#1914 fashion #Belle Époque fashion #Edwardian fashion #dress for the races #Rose Boote #Ascensión Reynoso Mateo #Gabrielle Dorziat #Sophie von Hohenberg #Drecoll #evening dress #Doeuillet #Barbier #Lepape #Poiret

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francepittoresque · 2 months

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20 février 1684 : le Pont Royal est emporté par les glaces ➽ http://bit.ly/Pont-Royal-Paris En cet endroit, il n’y avait autrefois pour traverser la Seine qu’un bac, qui subsista jusqu’en 1632, époque où un sieur Barbier fit construire un pont qui reçut plus tard le nom de « Pont Sainte-Anne », en l’honneur de la reine Anne d’Autriche, puis « Pont des Tuileries » ou encore « Pont Rouge » parce qu’il était peint de cette couleur

#CeJourLà #20Février #Pont #Royal #Barbier #SainteAnne #Tuileries #Rouge #Paris #Seine #glaces #histoire #france #history #passé #past #français #french #news #événement #newsfromthepast

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kecobe · 1 year

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La Danse = The Dance George Barbier (French; 1882–1932) Pl. XI in Modes et Manières d'Aujourd’hui (1914) Pochoir print FIT Gladys Marcus Library, Special Collections & College Archives, New York

Je suis beau. Mon corps maigre que vêt une ample robe d’or s’incruste dans le panneau de laque noir….. (I am beautiful. My lean form, clothed in a loose golden dress, blends into the black lacquer panel…..)

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vieuxmetiers · 7 days

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Barbier breton.

#barbier #bretagne

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interieurs-design · 8 months

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Chaises de barbier Belvedere, 1960s.

#1960s #mobilier #fauteuils #barbier #professionnel

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imaginationstimulation · 1 year

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Illustrating Fashion in 1920s Paris: The Work of Georges Barbier

The flamboyant and fashionable Georges Barbier is most noted for his wonderful Art Deco illustrations of the fashions of the 1920s.

Shown Above: 1.) "Warrior" 2.) "Les Marionnettes" 3.) "Evening" 4.) "Farewell" 5.) "Incantation" 6.) "The Tango"

Barbier created a new fusion between fashion and art illustration with his beautiful pictures depicting willowy women in fashionable dresses, and his pictures became important depictions of fashion and life in the 1920s.

Born in 1882, Barbier lived in Paris from 1908 and nourished his love of classical antiquity by exploring the collections in the Louvre. His fascination with the ancient artefacts, especially the figures depicted on Greek vases, greatly influenced his work and depiction of women and the human body.

Above: "Le Flamenco" (Georges Barbier)

In Paris, he put on his first show in 1911. It was a great success and it led to Barbier creating and leading a group with artists from the Ecole des Beaux Arts, which was affectionately nicknamed 'The Knights of the Bracelet' by Vogue. Other members of the Knights of the Bracelet included leading fashion illustrators and artists such as Georges Lepape and Paul Irebe, who were masters in their own right at producing bold fashion illustrations that were unlike any that had been seen before. The bold stylised designs helped create the emerging Art Deco aesthetic, presenting fashion in a new and exciting way.

Above: Isola Bella (Georges Barbier)

The stunning and iconic figures that Barbier depicted epitomised the 1920s fashion ideal and his reputation soon reached across the globe, where he began to produce advertising artwork for brands such as Cartier and Elizabeth Arden. Alongside his artworks, he also produced essays on fashion and designed theatre costumes, jewellery and fans. On his early death at the age of 50 in 1932, he had become one of the most well-known and highly regarded artists of the Art Deco era.

[text via Barneby's UK.]

#Georges Barbier #barbier #art deco #art #1920s #illustration #favorite #Le Flamenco #art history #warrior #tango #fashion #fashion history #isola bella #1920s artist #art deco artist

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mote-historie · 11 months

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Art Deco illustration by George Barbier, Visez au cœur, belles dames ! (Aim For the Heart, Beautiful Ladies !), Le Bonheur du Jour, ou Les Graces a la Mode, 1920. (Paris: Chez Meynial, 1924).

#art deco #george barbier #1920 #art deco illustration #art deco prints #barbier #aim for the heart #beautiful ladies #arrow #Le Bonheur du Jour pour #cupid

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artdecoandmodernist · 11 months

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George Barbier, Les Belles Sauvagesses de 1920, detail, Le Bonheur du Jour, ou Les Graces a la Mode. 1920.

For sale: EditionOriginale

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pazzesco · 7 months

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Barbier's Beautiful Book Bindings

Various book binding art by Georges Barbier

#georges barbier #art #art deco #barbier #books #bibliophile

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philoursmars · 2 years

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Je reviens à mon projet de présenter la plupart de mes 53065 photos (nouveau compte !)

2011. Marseille, il y avait à la Vieille Charité une expo sur l’Orientalisme:

- Anne-Louis Girodet - “Portrait de Mustapha”

- Charles Cordier - “Nègre du Soudan”

- José Tapirò y_Barò - “Beauté de Tanger”

- Léon Bonnat - “le Barbier Nègre à Suez”

- Luc-Olivier Merson - “le Repos en Egypte”

- Ludwig-Hans Fischer - “Bédouins dans la Tempête de Sable”

- Ernst Körner - “le Temple de Karnak”

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gogmstuff · 8 months

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More 1914 Fashion -

1914 Prinsessan Margareta by Oscar Björk (Kungliga Slotten - Stockholm, Sweden). From kungligaslotten.se/ur-arkivet/bernadotteportratt/2018-02-14-prinsessan-margareta-1882-1920.html; enlarged one quarter 706X1353.

1914 Prince Oskar & His Bride Countess Ina Marie von Basseewitz. From eBay; fixed spots & flaws, esp. upper rt. corner, removed mono-color tint, & increased contrast 913X1498.

1914 Regla Manjón, Countess of Lebrija by Joaquín Bastida y Sorolla (private collection). From the-athenaeum; fixed spots w Pshop 1280X949.

Left 1914 Real Automóvil-Club de Cataluña. Copa Tibidabo by Ramon Casas (Museu Nacional d'Art de Catalunya - Barcelona, Catalunya, Spain). From atsandculture.google.com 1970X2704.

Center 1914 Robe du soir par Beer. From castaroundlesmodes.tumblr.com/post/68582843613/robe-du-soir-par-beer-1914?is_related_post=1 729X1135.

Right 1914 Waiting for the results. From messynessychic.com/2018/04/27/lovely-ladies-in-lace-at-the-paris-races; removed print and filled in lower 2/3 of left edge with Photoshop 924X1280.

1914 Society Beauty by Friedrich August von Kaulbach (for sale at Brady Hart Gallery). From their Web site; fixed flaws & bigger spots w Pshop 2500X3333.

1914 Costumes Parisiens…, Manteau de Soir en velours frappe Garni de Soir brochee d'argent by George Barbier. From tumblr.com/mote-historie/732065935834398720/george-barbier-manteau-de-soir-en-velours-frappe?source=share&.

1914 Woman at the Piano by Nathan Altman (State Tretyakov Gallery - Moskva, Russia). From arthive.com/artists/1711~Nathan_Isaevich_Altman/works/10728~The_lady_at_the_piano 647X1400. This shows art deco influence.

#1914 fashion #1914 #1910s fashion #Belle Époque fashion #Edwardian fashion #Princess Margareta #Ina Marie von Basseewitz #Princess Royal Mary #Regla Manjón #Gustave Beer #Oscar Björk #Joaquín Bastida y Sorolla #Ramon Casas #Friedrich August von Kaulbach #Nathan Altman #tight skirt #Barbier #evening coat

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