The Neolithic

The term Neolithic, derived from the Greek words "neo" (new) and "lithos" (stone), indicates the era in which humanity perfected the art of working stone, giving it a smooth surface. This phase began approximately 8,000 years ago and concluded about 5,000 years ago.

Transformation Engines: Agriculture and Animal Husbandry

The transition from the Paleolithic to the Neolithic was primarily driven by the discovery of agriculture and animal husbandry. These two pillars transformed humans from nomads to sedentary beings, marking the beginning of community life.

Mesolithic: The Transitional Age

The Mesolithic, known as the middle stone age, served as a bridge between the Paleolithic and the Neolithic, characterized by a gradual shift in human lifestyles.

Neolithic Architecture: From Huts to Stilt Houses

While in the Paleolithic, dwellings consisted of caves and rudimentary huts, the Neolithic witnessed the construction of the first structured houses. Houses, made with wooden beams and clay and straw bricks, featured a single large central room, often equipped with a hearth.

Over time, to defend against enemies and fierce animals, humans developed stilt houses, huts built on stilts driven into lakes or marshes, connected to the mainland by walkways.

Neolithic Village Organization: From Field to Community

Neolithic villages were located near watercourses and included houses, ovens, granaries, and other essential elements. Village inhabitants specialized in specific tasks, with women dedicated to weaving and leatherworking, while men engaged in agriculture and animal husbandry.

Social Structure: Clans, Tribes, and Communities

Families within the village formed clans, each with an elder as its leader. Decisions involving the entire village were made by gathering the heads of families. The need to live in groups led to the creation of shared rules, giving rise to cohesive communities with common language, habits, and rules.

Exploring New Horizons: Art, Trade, and Spirituality

With the development of agriculture and animal husbandry, the Neolithic human perfected the art of working stone and metals, giving rise to advanced tools. Ceramics, craftsmanship, and early forms of trade flourished, paving the way for new artistic expressions and the construction of monuments dedicated to divine worship.

In conclusion, the Neolithic is not just the era of new stone but represents a crucial chapter in human history, marked by the transformation of lifestyles and the emergence of complex societies.

#JoanChittister #ClassWarfareExists #IAcknowledgeClassWarfareExists #Classism #SocialStructures #SocietalNorms #Sexists #Sexism #GOPIdiots #GOP #GOPWarOnWomen #GOPFamilyValues https://www.instagram.com/p/CgeMIwIu4BPiHMEuoIafd8BNdycfjzWIJGPMoI0/?igshid=NGJjMDIxMWI=

Expanding Society, Shrinking Family

Expanding Society, Shrinking Family

It all started from an apple,that gave chances to the couple,to build a family like a temple,and to show and teach his beloved people. We are all born in pairs,everything in between we shares,support each in the time of despairs,and the same applies to our heirs. Human built a society,with family at its priority,initially it was a joint entity,where the elders enjoyed dignity. Later community…

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(via "Hyena animal" Spiral Notebook for Sale by RubisLeaf)

Hyenas are formidable hunters and scavengers with powerful jaws capable of crushing bones. Their social structure is matriarchal, with females often being larger and more dominant than males within the clan! 🐾🦴 #Hyena #Wildlife #Nature #AnimalFacts #Predator #Biodiversity #Jaws #SocialStructure #Matriarchal #Conservation 🌿✨

1974-1989; Osterhammel 2014; Bonialian 2019). The participation of Hispanics in the “great game” of hegemonic reconfigurations, and the commercial, neo-colonial and cultural aggressiveness of nineteenth-century imperialism and sub-imperialism of Spain and the new Hispanic American states, are no longer underestimated (Garcia Balañà 2008; Fradera 2005 and 2018; Paquette et al. 2018; Bartolomei, Huetz de Lemps and Rodrigo y Alharilla 2021), but modernity in the Hispanic world is still interpreted almost as a reflection of the structures created by the new hegemons, and particularly by the main character in the literature on global history, Britain. We share the interpretation of formal and informal empires as superimposable networks for strategic protection, and there is no doubt that the British Navy —the largestin the world, which protected the dominant commercial fleet around 1815—in good measure structured the nineteenth-century international order from “the sea” (Bentonand Ford2016). Yet the implicit idea that the winners in the geopolitical arena inventedall the structures of modernity, almost out of an ineffable moral superiority, does not hold, as change has demonstrable multilateral origins (Berg 2004; Hobson 2020; Yazdani and Menon2020;Riello 2022). That questionable assumption has not been challenged enough, while the idea that the opening of Hispanic American ports fostered commercial liberalization on a global scale, and that Hispanic America played a role in the impact that the Revolutionary and Napoleonic Wars had on global trade and economy, have been disregarded (O’Rourke 2006, 148). Perhaps because the region’s commercial opening has been traditionally seen as externally imposed, the moment of rupture has seemed less interesting than the search for its long-term origins. Yet independence was abackbone of change, not just the inevitable superstructural outcome of some structural long-term economic causes. The eighteenth century was an age of reform, of attempts to reinforce the state for war. It is possible that this weakened traditional socialstructures to the point that they pulled out at the first wind, but the principal cause of the Atlantic

All we need to permanently ensure a breakdown of socialstructures is to allow enough hormonally charged people into permanent placing with eachother. The environment Will automatically become self destructive. https://www.instagram.com/p/CinDLF_sz70/?igshid=NGJjMDIxMWI=

Peter Senge’s recommendation on my book took me back to a memory 10 years back. When we gathered a group of innovative social entrepreneurs from around the world on a learning journey to Yucatan Mexico. In this pic Peter and I (alongwith Jimmy Leppert and Dennis Sandow) are admiring the magnificent pyramid of Uxmal. Photographer (Claudia Madrazo) has captured our awe, curiosity, innocence and wonder as we are confronted with a massive, ancient structure. It’s a perfect gesture for my journey with complex social systems that we are confronted with. I hope you join me (like Peter) in collectively looking at the massive systemic complexity we are part of. From outside (as in this pic) and from within (as in my book). Feeling grateful to all those who walked with me and taught me how to wonder! #gratitude #seeingsystems #systemsthinking #honouring #wonder #curiosity #petersenge #uxmal #yucatan #mexico #innerjourney #TradingArmourforaFlower #riseofnewmasculine #patriarchy #socialstructures #memoriesforlife (at Uxmal, Yucatan, Mexico) https://www.instagram.com/p/B4scSuolU3W/?igshid=jkjcbj1ih11u

Make Space #monoprint #Kfest #thefutureisbright #space #socialstructures #socialspace #printmaking

... - - ‘’You keep me up with your silence. Take me down with you quiet. Of all the weapons you fight with. With silence is the most violent. Tell me how to feel about you now. Let me know.’’ - - #Sketch #FigureDrawing #RoughSketch #InkDrawing #InkArt #ArtOfInstagram #ChicagoArtist #FineArt #Composition #WhatIsIt #Identity #Feminism #SocialStructure #WorldInMotion #SameMotion #TellMeHow https://www.instagram.com/p/CAq0EGVlVSA/?igshid=1ht4u8wrabtts

En annan del av den verkliga verkligheten. © 2019 Lars Öberg #NUS #Umeå #väntrum #sjukvård #restroom #healthcare #tacksamhet #grateful #gratefullness #tacksam #samhällsbygge #toalett #waitingroom #sjukhusgrön #toilet #Sweden #socialstructure #publichealth #offentligsjukvård (på/i Norrlands universitetssjukhus) https://www.instagram.com/p/B51-7aCJ6cJ/?igshid=76c07wthxb0y

Cumming soon! @_aboylikeme_ and I want you to come down our rabbit hole and come out a stupid bitch! We have a mission and this is our statement! ¡The knowledge advice and learning we get through conversation truly means the most especially when it's perceived from someone we know, love or have cared for, sadly even from people we despise so why not make it fun with/out making fun of the obvious let's talk about that stupid bitch! #podcasts #gaylife #Socialstructure #stupidbitch #BobbiDesma #Reki I hope you guys make us a hit so we can make your side split! That's our goal so show us your hole!! (at Los Angeles, California) https://www.instagram.com/p/Bvvnb6KA4Et/?utm_source=ig_tumblr_share&igshid=d0iwqgxjy6y9

"You Need to Choose Your Association According to Your Vision" - Onyi Anyado Are You the Average of Your 5 Closest Friends? If You are, or Close to the Average, it Proves that this Concept Works. So From Here Onwards, 𝘾𝙝𝙤𝙤𝙨𝙚 𝙔𝙤𝙪𝙧 𝘼𝙨𝙨𝙤𝙘𝙞𝙖𝙩𝙚𝙨 𝙒𝙞𝙨𝙚𝙡𝙮. If You are Below Average, then good, They'll Bring You Up. If You are Above Average, Maybe it's Time to Find New Friends, If and Only If You Have the Greater Desire to be Better or Have Better Things. It's Fine Where You are as long as You are Happy. I am a Firm Believer of "𝗦𝘁𝗿𝘂𝗰𝘁𝘂𝗿𝗲 𝗗𝗿𝗶𝘃𝗲𝘀 𝗕𝗲𝗵𝗮𝘃𝗶𝗼𝗿𝘀", as such Friends are Your Social Structure. And Not Only that, Heard of "Expert By Association" Syndrome? Please take note that the level of Expertise can also refer to Expert at Negative Things 🤣 Have You Assemble Your Team Towards Your Success? #Association #Associates #Friends #MutualBenefits #Vision #Structure #SocialStructure #Desire #BetterTogether #BetterThings #BetterMe #Progress #Team #Teamwork #Synergy #Success https://www.instagram.com/p/CWBAsvWpXSQ/?utm_medium=tumblr

Do buildings have politics?

What is now known as the Shops at Tanforan mall, is a building that has revolved around politics through various of its reconstructions. Buildings are imperfectly stabilized and often get renovated or divided into symbolic spaces where people will act accordingly. Gieryn states, “We shape our buildings and afterwards our buildings shape us”. Buildings act as “social condensers,”  producing social divisions, social order, and discipline embodied already in their structure. Tanforan reinvented itself over history, persisting certain behaviors, depending on what purpose it had during that time. The Tanforan has served as a racetrack, airfield, military training center, Japanese American internment camps, golf course and a shopping mall. Each reconstruction serving a different purpose for the society during that time. Gieryin’s theory is if you want to change society, we need to build buildings that will allow everyone to comply with this change.

When the Tanforan served as a race track in 1899, it was built as a means of entertainment, in hopes of boosting the economy.  It welcomed thousands of people year round for horse, dog, motorcycle and auto races. The site found other uses after 1909, when the state of california banned all gambling at racetracks. The only remnants of this site is of one of Tanforan most famous famous residents “Seabiscuit”, who was stabled there for some time. Today we can find a statue of Seabiscuit on the grounds of the mall, representing how buildings can also display history, tell a story or be considered “living books.”

Then, The Tanforan was converted into a military training center during World War I,  and later in World War II, it was used as a Japanese American Internment camps. This land was reconstructed and reinterpreted from being used for entertainment, to a military camp that held over 7,800 innocent Japanese Americans in 1942. Drastically changing the narration and representation of this land. The stories and memories associated with this land will be vastly different depending on who revisits this site.

“Buildings don’t just sit there imposing themselves. They are forever objects of (re)interpretation, narration and representation and meanings or stories are sometimes more pliable than the walls and floors they depict. We deconstruct buildings materially and semiotically, all the time”(Gieryn). Once society no longer felt the need to have internment camps, the building was put to a different use that fit the needs of the individuals in the society at the time. This form of social structure became noticeable through buildings as they began to shape people’s choice of action.. Social structure is shaped by decisions and choices during the design process, i.e. what are people allowed to do/not allowed to do when it was a racetrack vs. and internment camp, “The need to privilege either agency or structure in accounts of social order and historical change evaporates once it is seen that individuals shaped by structure simultaneously shape those circumstances”(Gieryn). In our opinion, the significant impact buildings as social condensers have on a mass population is outrageous. We can see this principle of buildings changing society taking place within The Tanforan land over time, just think about what the land you’re sitting on today was before

Another millennial with big dreams and high hopes for the world. If you haven't had a chance to check out my new video I encourage you to follow the link in my bio 💃 Lmk what you think and if you'd be interested in finding a forest somewhere to start our own civilization together 🌴 . . . #youtube #offgrid #socialstructure #patriarchy #society #spiritual #alternateliving #livefree #freedom #manifestation #abundance #socialsaturdays #sharethelove (at Clarkston, Michigan)

THE LATA LOVESTORY PART V

Our claim is that we see the potential of interaction within the neighbours and the visitors, also in combination with other neighbourhoods due to new accesses. Taking in account the unemployment of the surrounding neighborhoods and the virginity of wholesale commercial we find great possibilities in the area to develop a new strategy of modern retail trade for the neighbors. This place could be an example for a future vision of Barcelona because we doubt that the city can handle the future it is heading to since several years.

It should be a reference to the future competition to work out the sensation and diversity to come to the place. Even more, it should be a wink to the visitors which need to pass though their own trash which yells at them “recycle me!!”.

It is not about educating and annoying the people that only want to have a nice day at one of the few commercial free public places left in the city but rather a reminder of awareness and community care. About sustainable tourism and valuable visitation and use of places. A peaceful encounter of the existing and the future.

Foto by Pepmi Soto Nolla

Entry #1: Romeo and Juliet

CAPULET:  Content thee, gentle coz, let him alone; He bears him like a portly gentleman; And, to say truth, Verona brags of him To be a virtuous and well-govern'd youth: I would not for the wealth of all the town Here in my house do him disparagement: Therefore be patient, take no note of him: It is my will, the which if thou respect, Show a fair presence and put off these frowns, And ill-beseeming semblance for a feast. 

Act 1, Scene 5, Lines 63-71

Capulet refers to himself later as a “housewife,” and his overall passivity toward Romeo in this moment is a fascinating disruption of gender stereotypes and expectations of masculinity (4.2.43). Considering Juliet’s power to drive all of the actions of the play by simply existing as a woman, Capulet’s identity seems to supplement and empower the theme of femininity throughout the play. On the other hand, Capulet’s conventionally feminine behaviors oppress him as well; Tybalt undermines his power and does not back down from the prospect of fighting Romeo and the ball until Capulet has reasserted himself multiple times. Additionally, Juliet does not immediately obey him and marry Paris without a fight. This scene could be uniquely explored through an all-female casting of the Capulet family because Capulet’s subtle femininity would be highlighted.