WHAT HAPPENED TO COUNTESS MARIA OF SALONA?

Maria Fadrique was born around 1370, the daughter of the last Catalan Count of Salona, Don Louis Fadrique, and his Greek wife, Princess Helena Fadrique, also known as Helena Kantakouzene or The Despina, Helena Asenina.

Not much information about her early childhood has been preserved. We do know that she grew up as an only child to the noble couple and was likely prepared and claimed as the only heir to the County of Salona.

In 1382, at the age of 12, she succeeded her father and became the Countess of Salona in her own right. However, due to her age, she was deemed too young to manage the county, so her mother, the Dowager Countess Helena Fadrique, took charge as regent. That same year, she was betrothed to Bernat Hug, a son of Felip Dalmau, but the betrothal was annulled.

Despite reaching the age of maturity in 1386, at 16, an age when she was now deemed fully capable of managing the County of Salona, her mother remained in power over all state affairs, and Maria had yet to step a toe into the world of politics. That same year, her mother betrothed her to a son of the Serbian Emperor Symeon Uros for political reasons, but this betrothal, like the first one was annulled. That same year, she was betrothed to an alienated associate of the King of Aragon, but the wedding never took place.

From the years of 1388-1391, Helena refused to repay damages to a Venetian citizen who suffered the loss of property aboard a ship from Ancona by her late husband, Don Luis Fadrique, in 1380. This made her mother very unpopular with Venice.

Her mother was quite hated by the people, who most likely would have preferred Maria to take charge over state affairs, but this never happened. Even at the age of 20, Maria had not taken charge over state affairs. This decision to keep the Dowager Countess in charge would eventually cause their deaths.

Though Necdet Sakaoğlu in his work “Bu Mülkün Kadın Sultanları” claims she was betrothed to Manuel II in 1393, I have not seen another source to confirm this claim.

In this same work, Sakaoğlu tells the story of the capture of Maria and her mother in late 1393 or early 1394. “Turkish soldiers captured the Frankish ship that was bringing Maria to Istanbul in the Dardanelles and captured its occupants.” - Necdet Sakaoğlu, “Bu Mülkün Kadın Sultanları,” pg 88.

Upon meeting the beautiful and affianced Countess, Sultan Yildirim Bayezid Han was smitten with her, and both the mother and the daughter were brought to his harem in Edirne, and Maria became his concubine, yet in other accounts he actually married her.

The Italian pilgrim Nicholas of Martoni, returning from Jerusalem by way of Greece in 1395, crossed the Gulf of Corinth from Vostitza (Aigion) to Vitrinitza in April. He was told that the district of Vitrinitza was then held by "the Grand Turk" who had acquired it from the lord of Salona ("Dominici de Sola") whose only daughter he had married. The Byzantine Family of Kantakouzenos (Cantacuzenus) Ca. 1100-1460: A Genealogical and Prosopographical, pg 163.

That same year in 1394, Helena died, but it is not clear if it was due to an execution or other reasons. According to Laonikos Chalkokondyles, the Countess Helena disgraced herself and brought shame upon the people of "Delphi" by committing her authority into the hands of her lover, a priest called Strateus, for which reason the Archbishop of Larissa denounced her to the Basileus (Sultan) and gave him the pretext for taking over the County of Salona. - The Byzantine Family of Kantakouzenos (Cantacuzenus) Ca. 1100-1460: A Genealogical and Prosopographical, pg 161.

As for Maria, she was executed a year later in 1395 after Bayezid allegedly found her unworthy of him, and eventually lost interest in her. However, this reason seems highly improbable.

When Bayezid lost interest in her, he wouldn’t have executed her but instead discarded her or even sent her away to the old palace in Bursa. The reason for her execution must be something else, either she was executed for political reasons or she went against the rules or even committed a crime, or even struck his ego in the wrong place. Nonetheless, it is highly unlikely for a Sultan to execute a concubine/wife of his because he lost interest in her.

( Sources: The Byzantine Family of Kantakouzenos (Cantacuzenus) Ca. 1100-1460: A Genealogical and Prosopographical, Necdet Sakaoğlu, “Bu Mülkün Kadın Sultanları".)

A Handy Travel Guide to the City of Split and Split Airport

Built all over a Diocletian Palace, Split is a metropolis in Croatia which is effectively really worth going to. The metropolis is extremely quick to entry from Break up international airport, which has the airport code SPU. Break up international airport is 25 kilometers to the west of the metropolis of Break up. There are bus products and services which go from the airport to the city but they only go just about every 50 percent hour and at 16 Kunas for every ticket are rather costly in terms of Croatian price ranges. Acquiring a car offers you the greatest independence to go the place you want to go in Croatia, when you come to feel like. Motor vehicle Retain the services of Break up Airport could function out more cost-effective on a weekly foundation than getting standard bus outings, but find a rental offer the place almost everything is integrated. Viewed from the bay which surrounds the glittering Aegean Sea, Break up is exceptionally picturesque. The residences are of the previous Venetian style and have charming crimson tiled roofs which continue to keep the hot summer months sun at bay. Be guaranteed to depart at minimum an afternoon no cost to wander close to Split and see the walls, temples and roadways which have been built for the Roman Emperor Diocletian. The Diocletian Palace has been detailed among the the UNESCO Globe Heritage internet sites and some travelers could like to just take a guided tour of the palace and discover out a lot more about its history. If you are intrigued in Roman background you can make a quick 15 minute generate to the nearby city of Salona. Salona has a lot of splendidly preserved elements of Roman daily life like a, theater, an amphitheater, a basilica and a cemetery. Other web pages worth looking at are St. Duje's cathedral which is the oldest cathedral setting up in the environment. From the cathedral belltower you get an wonderful panoramic look at of Split and the nearby islands. Equally eye catching are two Egyptian sphinxes which were being brought from Egypt by Roman emperor Diocletian. Obtain them in the scenic web sites of Peristil Sq. and Jupiter's Temple. At the time you have labored up a thirst, head to the very long strip of cafes and bars together the harbor in which you can view extravagant boats getting moored and appreciate all the sights of this wonderful metropolis. This Riva place is fashionable and carried out in fantastic style, while not to the liking of all Croatian persons seemingly. Attempt the local specialty of scampi risotto if you are sensation hungry, you gained't discover a tastier dish in the total of Europe. No a single really should appear to this aspect of Croatia with no viewing the lovely islands which dot the coastline line. There is a ferry central assistance from Split so why not enquire about the likelihood of taking motor vehicle employ Break up on this ferry. Compact islands like Hvar are conveniently navigable by vehicle and are actually spectacular. It is also attainable to go to the Italian towns of Ancona and Pescara by ferry and the companies SEM Marina and Break up Tours are value checking out. Yet another, even much more preferable, way to get out into the open up h2o is to chart or use a boat. Firms this kind of as Ultra Sailing can provide you with experienced skippers and there are countless numbers of unforgettable islands to check out. Break up also has a substantial, modern-day and very well equipped marina the place you can depart your seek the services of automobile. Break up intercontinental airport is the most crucial airport in Croatia immediately after the airport of Croatia's funds and there are a number of flights which go there. Aeroflot, Croatian Airways, Easyjet, Flybe, Jet 2, Germanwings, Sky Euopre and Thomas Prepare dinner Airlines are among the the businesses which use Split Airport. From the airport it is feasible to go to the Croatian towns of Kastela in the Split Dalmatia County while Split worldwide is also close to the city of Trogir. A great area to go when you want to get out of the metropolis is the hill of Marjan. This peak has superb sights earning it an excellent area to go biking or get pleasure from a intimate night stroll. Marjan is regarded as the 'Lungs of Split' and for that motive the creating of homes there is prohibited. Those who have been upset by the deficiency of seashores around Split will be glad to know there are a several right here. Source by Adriana Suker Read the full article

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Aries: Parks in Fairfax County, Virginia

Taurus: Difficult Run

Gemini: Holmes Run Trail

Cancer: Dyke Marsh

Leo: Elklick Woodlands Natural Area Preserve

Virgo: River Farm

Libra: Salona

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Capricorn: Elizabeth Hartwell Mason Neck National Wildlife Refuge

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Historic City of Trogir

Historic City of Trogir

Trogir is a historic town and harbour on the Adriatic coast in Split-Dalmatia County, Croatia, with a population of 10,818 (2011) and a total municipality population of 13,260 (2011).

The name comes from the Greek “tragos” (male goat).

Similarly, the name of the neighbouring island of Bua comes from the Greek “voua” (herd of cattle).

The sudden prosperity of Salona deprived Trogir of its…

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