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ker4unos · 2 years

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WEST INDIGENOUS NORTH AMERICAN RESOURCES

The Anthropological Masterlist is HERE.

The Western United States is a North American region that constitutes the western part of the United States. Alaska and Hawaii are also considered part of the Western United States.

AHTNA ─ “The Ahtna, or Ahtena, people are an Indigenous North American people. They are native to the Copper River in southern Alaska.” ─ Ahtna Information

ALEUT ─ “The Aleuts, or Unangas, are an Inuit people. They are native to the Aleutian Islands between Russia and Alaska.” ─ Aleut Information ─ Aleut Museum ─ Aleut Language

ATHABASKAN ─ “Athabaskan, or Dene, is an Indigenous American linguistic group that share the Athabaskan language family. They are native to Alaska, north Canada, and southwest United States of America.” ─ Athabaskan Languages ─ Athabaskan Language Conference

CAHUILLA ─ “The Cahuilla, or Ivilyuqaletem, people are an Indigenous North American people. They are native to the center of southern California.” ─ Cahuilla Information ─ Cahuilla Language ─ Cahuilla Language

CROW ─ “The Crow, or Absaroka, people are an Indigenous North American people. They are native to central and south Montana.” ─ Crow Information ─ Crow Language

HOPI ─ “The Hopi are an Indigenous North American people. They are native to northeastern Arizona.” ─ Hopi Information ─ Hopi Culture and History ─ Hopi Dictionary

INUIT ─ “The Inuit are an Indigenous North American people. They are native to Greenland, Canada, and Alaska.” ─ Inuit Collections ─ Inuit Religion ─ Inuit Dictionary

KUMEYAAY ─ “The Kumeyaay, or Tipai-Ipai, people are an Indigenous North American people. They are native to southern California.” ─ Kumeyaay Culture ─ Kumeyaay Language ─ Diegueño Dialect

KWAKWAKA’WAKW ─ “The Kwakwaka’wakw, or the Kwakiutl, people are an Indigenous North American people. They are native to Vancouver Island.” ─ Kwakwaka’wakw Mythology ─ Revival of the Kwakwaka’wakw Langauge ─ The Bible in Kwakwaka’wakw

LUISEÑO ─ “The Luiseño, or Payómkawichum, people are an Indigenous North American people. They are native to the coastal area of southern California.” ─ Luiseño Culture ─ Luiseño History ─ Luiseño Language

MIWOK ─ “The Miwok, or Miwuk, people are an Indigenous North American people. They are native to northern California.” ─ Miwok Mythology ─ Miwok History ─ Miwok Dictionary

NAVAJO ─ “The Navajo, or Diné, people are an Indigenous North American people. They are native to the southwestern United States of America.” ─ Navajo Culture ─ Navajo Mythology ─ Navajo Language

O’ODHAM ─ “The O’odham people are an Indigenous North American people. They are native to the Sonoran Desert in Arizona.” ─ O’odham Dictionary

PAIUTE ─ “The Northern Paiute people are an Indigenous North American people. They are native to the Great Basin in the United States of America.” ─ Paiute Culture ─ Paiute Culture ─ Paiute History

PUEBLO ─ “The Pueblo, or Puebloan, people are an Indigenous North American people. They are native to New Mexico and Arizona.” ─ Isleta Pueblo Information

SHOSHONE ─ “The Shoshone, or Shoshoni, people are an Indigenous North American people. They are native to Wyoming, Idaho, and Nevada.” ─ Shoshone Information ─ Shoshoni Language Project

SNOHOMISH ─ “The Snohomish people are an Indigenous North American people. They are native to the Puget Sound area of Washington.” ─ Snohomish Culture and History

TEWA ─ “The Tewa are an Indigenous North American people. They are native to the Rio Grande, New Mexico.” ─ The Ethnogeography of the Tewa Indian

WINTUN ─ “The Wintun people are an Indigenous North American people. They are native to North California.” ─ Wintu Language

ZUNI ─ “The Zuni, or Zuñi, people are an Indigenous North American people. They are native to western New Mexico.” ─ Zuni Culture ─ Zuni Culture ─ Zuni Language

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madelinelovesick · 2 months

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Sound Change of the Day - 2024 March 3

/tʃ/, /tʃʰ/ and /tʃʼ/ become /t/, /tʰ/ and /tʼ/ respectively.

(across the Wintun family)

#conlang #conlanging #phonology #conlang phonology #sound change #phonological change #sound shift #phonological shift

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usaccidents · 1 year

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APPLE VALLEY, CA (February 14, 2023) – One person was airlifted after a motorcycle accident at Corwin Road and Wintun Road in Apple Valley early Saturday morning.

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touchnahas · 2 years

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Openvpn connect windows download

#OPENVPN CONNECT WINDOWS DOWNLOAD MAC OS#

#OPENVPN CONNECT WINDOWS DOWNLOAD INSTALL#

#OPENVPN CONNECT WINDOWS DOWNLOAD DRIVER#

EasyRSA3, a modern take on OpenVPN CA managementĬipher handling for the data channel cipher has been significantly changed between OpenVPN 2.3/2.4 and v2.5, most notably there are no "default cipher BF-CBC" anymore because it is no longer considered a reasonable default.Allow unicode search string in -cryptoapicert option.

#OPENVPN CONNECT WINDOWS DOWNLOAD DRIVER#

Wintun driver support, a faster alternative to tap-windows6.

Netlink integration (OpenVPN no longer needs to execute ifconfig/route or ip commands).

New option -block-ipv6 to reject all IPv6 packets (ICMPv6).

Support IPv4 configs with /31 netmasks now.

Asynchronous (deferred) support for client-connect scripts and plugins.

Asynchronous (deferred) authentication support for auth-pam plugin.

HMAC based auth-token support for seamless reconnects to standalone servers or a group of servers.

Removal of BF-CBC support in default configuration (see below for possible incompatibilities).

Improved Data channel cipher negotiation.

Client-specific tls-crypt keys (-tls-crypt-v2).

Improved TLS 1.3 support when using OpenSSL 1.1.1 or newer.

ChaCha20-Poly1305 cipher in the OpenVPN data channel (Requires OpenSSL 1.1.0 or newer).

Input url for OpenVPN server or drag and drop config file (you can try VPNBook).

#OPENVPN CONNECT WINDOWS DOWNLOAD INSTALL#

Execute the download file to install the client on your computer.

Download OpenVPN for your operating system.

#OPENVPN CONNECT WINDOWS DOWNLOAD MAC OS#

Control OpenVPN using a GUI on Windows or Mac OS X.Create secure ethernet bridges using virtual tap devices, and.Tunnel networks through connection-oriented stateful firewalls without having to use explicit firewall rules,.Tunnel networks whose public endpoints are dynamic such as DHCP or dial-in clients,.Use real-time adaptive link compression and traffic-shaping to manage link bandwidth utilization,.Use static, pre-shared keys or TLS-based dynamic key exchange,.Choose between static-key based conventional encryption or certificate-based public key encryption,.Use any cipher, key size, or HMAC digest (for datagram integrity checking) supported by the OpenSSL library,.Use all of the encryption, authentication, and certification features of the OpenSSL library to protect your private network traffic as it transits the internet,.Configure a scalable, load-balanced VPN server farm using one or more machines which can handle thousands of dynamic connections from incoming VPN clients,.Tunnel any IP subnetwork or virtual ethernet adapter over a single UDP or TCP port,.Overall, OpenVPN aims to offer many of the key features of IPSec but with a relatively lightweight footprint. OpenVPN is designed to work with the TUN/TAP virtual networking interface that exists on most platforms. OpenVPN also supports non-encrypted TCP/UDP tunnels. OpenVPN supports conventional encryption using a pre-shared secret key (Static Key mode) or public key security (SSL/TLS mode) using client & server certificates. OpenVPN is tightly bound to the OpenSSL library, and derives much of its crypto capabilities from it. OpenVPN supports SSL/TLS security, ethernet bridging, TCP or UDP tunnel transport through proxies or NAT, support for dynamic IP addresses and DHCP, scalability to hundreds or thousands of users, and portability to most major OS platforms. OpenVPN is a robust and highly flexible VPN daemon.

#Openvpn connect windows download

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comparativetarot · 3 years

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Ten of Pentacles. Art by James Pascoe, from the California Tarot.

Legacy. Stability; Prestige. Good family life. Prosperity. Joy. Share the wealth (spiritual / financial). Look forward to a new beginning.

“We’re still here.” Despite the genocide, broken treaties, institutional racism, forced relocation, boarding schools, attempted erasure, California Natives maintained traditions and passed their legacies through the generations. “The Modoc brought word of the Ghost Dance to the Shasta. In 1871, Wodziwob’s Ghost Dance spread from the Paiute in Nevada to a number of California tribes, including the Washo, Mono, Modoc, Klamath, Shasta, Karok, Achumawi, Northern Yana, Wintun, Hill Patwin, and Pomo. Mono chief Joijoi learned of the Ghost Dance from Moman, a Paiute Ghost Dance leader.” Joijoi sponsored the first Mono Ghost Dance at Saganiu. He invited other tribes to attend and spread the word of the dance throughout California. “The Ghost Dance was instrumental in reshaping native shamanism and helped Native Californians withstand pressures to adopt Christianity.”

#James Pascoe #California Tarot #Ten of Coins #Ten #Coins #Minor Arcana #Tarot #California #Native #Modoc

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robertalanclayton · 4 years

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Lala Curl, Wintun Indian rights activist, Redding California, RA Clayton

#quietpride #b&w

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hasanyoneseenmyspoons · 3 years

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summersolacetallow-blog · 5 years

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#happycincodemayo and HAPPY 5th ANNIVERSARY to Summer Solace Tallow! 🎈🎈🎈 Five years ago today I left my job as a French Chocolatier to start my own skincare product line using local, high quality Tallow from pasture-raised and Holistically managed cows in Northern California. I teamed up with the forever amazing @thelocalbutchershop in Berkeley to source fresh suet from @stemplecreek Ranch in Petaluma and started to create my own low and slow rendering process by using clay pots thrown by local potters. I source locally for all of my ingredients. The calendula is grown by herbalists and medicine makers in Sonoma, the award-winning olive oil is grown by the Yocha Dehe Wintun Nation @sekahills In Capay Valley, Yolo County. To create my bespoke and harmonious blends using natural, wild crafted scents are sourced from the prestigious perfumer and oil guru, John Steele. 🙏 Within a week my core product line of 5 tallow balms were complete. I called my work a Slow Body Care Movement. Using local, seasonal, and organic ingredients didn’t have to apply to foods, but also as a body care moisturizer for the whole family to help nourish the skin, protect, heal and soothe skin irritations like dry skin, eczema, and psoriasis. Thank you to my husband Brian @anabatic , my family, friends, customers, farmers markets @aim_farmers_markets @urbanvillage , shops, and the City of Oakland for all of your support, encouragement, and love. It has been an amazing and fulfilling journey working with local, nutrient-dense tallow/ animal fat in a time where it feels almost like a lost art to truly be sustainable by using the whole, free-roaming animal, and to not waste the healing medicine that they can provide. Thank you all again. With much love, respect and endless gratitude. -Megan Bre Camp, owner and founder of Summer Solace Tallow est. May 5th, 2014. #slowbodycaremovement #slowskincare #tallowskincare #tallowbalm #tallowsoap #tallowcandle #madeincalifornia #local #sustainable #holistic #profound #greenbeauty #slowbeauty #naturalbeauty #naturalskincare #5yearanniversary #theartofslowliving By #summersolacetallow #liveslow (at Oakland, California) https://www.instagram.com/p/BxFVczdBhaT/?utm_source=ig_tumblr_share&igshid=1w6tx90ulgfh4

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cryptid-quest · 6 years

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Cryptid of the Day: Water Panther

Description: The Wintun people claimed that a water panther lived in Trinity River, California. Water Panthers show up in a number of Native American myths and folktales. Cryptozoologists theorize that what these people saw could have been a new species of Giant Salamander.

#cryptids #Cryptid #cryptozoology #cryptid of the day #water panther

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rngmxchine-blog · 5 years

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starter call for @lightlcst / 🌿

• • • ʔomoy', ʔo hɛnébus chu. if they turned 180°, they would be in the part of the city with the largest densities of crime. and yet, with their backs against the city, they stand at the outskirts of town with an unsullied view of Wintun land on their peripheries. the foxtail is unimpressive, and yet its earthy palette feels all so comforting against the urban jungle. Rod takes him here because it was where he entered the city, and the two ruminate on it as silence overtakes their thoughts. it’s so overtaking that the two rip apart into two bodies and fall to the ground. for a moment longer they can appreciate the view, but the anxiety slowly starts to settle into their marrow and they fuse once more. and the last thing they see before fusing together back against is the sight of —— Amiria. fuck. they’re acquaintances, friendly and all, but now she knows their secret: that they are two supers fused as one. a taboo, given the circulating attitudes. Green impulsively yells at her. “if you tell anyone i’ll gonna have to beat you up!” a facade, because Green can’t fight and has no will to, but he widens his eyes of all things to try and intimidate her.

#lightlcst #⋆ ⋆ ⋆ interact. | ◂◂#✧ ( grod. ) ⋆ ° ｡. ·#• • • default. ➤➤#ch. ◁◁ 001_error #*

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meriahdominique · 2 years

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Casino Gambling Chronicles

Brendan Riley's Solano Chronicles: Indian gambling club question centers around mostly secret boss

A $700 million Indian club plan that would significantly affect Vallejo hasn't stood out as truly newsworthy of late. In any case, advocates are as yet attempting to demonstrate in government court that they reserve an option to push forward with the task - in view of the verifiable ties of a semi-secret Pomo boss to our area. https://yhn678.com

Boss Augustine, whose Pomo name was Shuk, was brought into the world in the mid 1830s close to Clear Lake and as a youngster was brought to Mission San Francisco Solano in Sonoma. By the mid-1840s he was head vaquero for Gen. Mariano Vallejo and his sibling Salvador, crowding cows on tremendous stretches of land that incorporated the future site of the city of Vallejo. Augustine likewise lived in Napa during the 1870s, filling in as a farm hand for Cayetano Juarez.

Numerous different Pomos followed a comparative way during the 1800s, from the Clear Lake region to Sonoma, Napa and surprisingly farther south. That development is critical to the Scotts Valley Band of Pomo Indians, whose attorneys contend it set up a huge verifiable connection to their proposed gambling club and lodging project on ancestral land on the north side of Vallejo. The lawyers likewise delivered a letter from an early-day landowner whining about Pomos living in what's presently Vallejo.

The Pomos' 128-section of land project site is on the flank of Hunters Hill sitting above Vallejo. It's on the upper east side of the bustling Interstate 80-State Route 37 trade - around 10 miles from Chief Augustine's adobe in Napa which was nearby to the as yet standing Cayetano Juarez home.

The case is forthcoming before U.S. Region Judge https://kyb7.com Amy Berman Jackson in Washington, D.C. The Scotts Valley Pomos pursued after the government Bureau of Indian Affairs rejected three years prior to permit the site to become reestablished ancestral terrains for gaming purposes. The BIA said a "critical chronicled association" needed to exist, and Augustine's "hit or miss, presence" in the Vallejo-Napa-Sonoma region doesn't cut it.

Benefactors of the BIA administering incorporate the Yocha Dehe Wintun Nation, which works the Cache Creek resort in Brooks, west of Woodland, and doesn't need a contending Indian gambling club - for this situation one that would be around 60 miles away.

"We sure would like a spot for us to live," Jesse Gonzalez, Scotts Valley Band bad habit executive, student of history and extraordinary incredible extraordinary grandson of Chief Augustine, said in a telephone meet. "We're a governmentally perceived clan however we're landless. We have no spot to call our home despite the fact that we are unique occupants of this area." There are around 300 individuals from the Pomo band now, with generally residing in Lake and Mendocino regions.

Whatever the result of the legitimate debate, Chief Augustine's story merits a retelling. He figured out how to get by as a Pomo chief during a period of slaughter submitted by vigilantes and U.S. Armed force troopers against large number of California Indians.

Between late 1847 and late 1849, Augustine crowded steers for Benjamin and Andrew Kelsey and Charles Stone ashore close to Clear Lake. In his honor winning 2016 book An American Genocide: The United States and the California Indian Catastrophe, writer Benjamin Madley portrayed the Kelsey siblings and Stone as merciless beasts who regularly captured and oppressed Native Americans. Madley said hostages were beaten, starved and shot at for game, and there were murders just as assaults of ladies, including Augustine's better half.

Augustine, considered the https://xyp7.comorginator of plans to kill Stone and Andrew Kelsey, said in a 1880 oral meeting that their maltreatments were deteriorating and more regrettable "and the Indians felt that they should pass on one way as another, so they chose to make the last and deadly stride." Augustine said that Stone, his throat cut, figured out how to run into the primary farm house yet drained to death. Kelsey, shot in the back with a bolt, ran however was gotten by a Pomo who hit him in the head with a stone, killing him. Madley has another rendition: Kelsey ran yet was gotten and held by two men. The mother of a Pomo he had killed then killed him by skewering him in the heart.

Madley composed that the plotters "couldn't imagine the extent of retaliatory mass homicide that killing Stone and Kelsey would incite." The most noticeably terrible response happened in mid-May 1850, as a regiment of the first Dragoons of the U.S. Mounted force, directed by Capt. Nathaniel Lyon and Lt. J.W. Davidson, showed up at Clear Lake. The warriors, joined by Benjamin Kelsey and different vigilantes, jump started a hard and fast assault on caught Pomos who had escaped to an island at the north finish of the lake. A few hundred everyone passed on in what's known as the Bloody Island Massacre. The aggressors had no setbacks.

Armed force Maj. Edwin Allen Sherman went to Clear Lake two months after the slaughter to assist with finding the missing animals of Stone and the Kelsey siblings. A long time later, he said somewhere around 400 Pomo men were killed or suffocated during the assault and an equivalent number of ladies and youngsters kicked the bucket. "Assuming that Sherman's gauge is right, the May 15, 1850, assault might rank among the most deadly of all Native American slaughters throughout the entire existence of the United States and its provincial predecessors," Madley expressed.

Augustine relative Gonzalez said his family accounts of the slaughter are like Maj. Sherman's record. He likewise said Chief Augustine was one of the overcomers of the assault. After his time in Napa during the 1870s, Augustine was back in the Clear Lake region by 1880, functioning as a worker. He stayed a significant Pomo pioneer until his demise in 1903.

- Vallejo and other Solano County people group are mother lodes of California history. The "Solano Chronicles" section, running each and every other Sunday, features different parts of that set of experiences. My source references are accessible upon demand. On the off chance that you have neighborhood stories or photographs to share, email me at [email protected]. You can likewise send any material consideration of the Times-Herald, 420 Virginia St.; or the Vallejo Naval and Historical Museum, 734 Marin St., Vallejo 94590.

MANILA - The Court of Appeals (CA) has excused a request documented by a gambling club administrator against its laborers' association over a debate on the inclusion of their Collective Bargaining Agreement (CBA).

In a seven-page goal composed by Associate Justice Myra V. Garcia Fernandez dated December 28 and as of late distributed on the web, the redrafting court's Eleventh division said it "tracks down no excuse to go amiss from the discoveries" of the work mediator which had disallowed Melco Resorts Leisure (Phils.) Corp. which works the City of Dreams Manila resort and club.

On March 10, 2021, Labor Arbiter Renato Q. Bello requested the organization to concede the particular advantages because of its impacted workers addressed by the Kilusan ng Manggagawang Makabayan (KMM-Katipunan).

The specialists' gathering had started the work grievance for non-installment of CBA benefits asserting that a few representatives were not given advantages because of them under the CBA.

The avoided laborers were those advanced on January 29, 2020, the individuals who have resigned on February 1, 2020, and the people who paid their gaming business licenses, city wellbeing grants, and police clearances in January 2020.

The organization asserted that the CBA ought to be viewed as marked and executed uniquely on February 12, 2020, and that preceding the said date, the prohibited laborers had no vested freedoms.

The specialists' gathering had presented its proposed CBA on April 24, 2019, and the organization and the laborers' gathering finished up and marked the CBA on January 22, 2020.

Delegate and approved signatories of the organization's head working official Kevin Benning met with the specialists' agents on February 12, 2020 to sign the CBA.

The CA maintained the work authority's choice that while the CBA was marked and executed in 2020, the expectation of the gatherings was to give a retroactive impact to its arrangements and that figuring out who are the representatives qualified for its advantages ought to be figured from July 1, 2019, the date of the effectivity of the CBA. The organization then, at that point, took the case to the CA.

In disallowing the organization, the redrafting court said the last option "neglected to set up a reasonable and unquestionable ideal for the issuance of a writ" to stop the authority adding that such a writ would be able "be allowed uniquely notwithstanding genuine and existing considerable privileges". (PNA)

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fancyhints · 2 years

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New WireGuardNT shatters throughput ceilings on Windows Enlarge / Forget bendable mobile phones, we're holding out for working mobile phone plushies. (credit: Carol Yepes via Getty Images) The WireGuard VPN project announced a major milestone for its Windows users today—an all-new, kernel-mode implementation of the VPN protocol called WireGuardNT. The new implementation allows for massively improved throughput on 10Gbps LAN connections—and on many WI-Fi connections, as well. WireGuard (on Windows) and Wintun The original implementation of WireGuard on Windows uses wireguard-go—a userspace implementation of WireGuard written in Google's Go programming language. Wireguard-go is then tied to a virtual network device, the majority of which also lives in userspace. Donenfeld didn't like tap-windows, the virtual network interface provided by the OpenVPN project—so he implemented his own replacement from scratch, called Wintun. Wintun is a definite improvement over https://fancyhints.com/new-wireguardnt-shatters-throughput-ceilings-on-windows/?utm_source=tumblr&utm_medium=social&utm_campaign=ReviveOldPost

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imiwin22 · 2 years

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Imiwinmini กองอาชญากรรมทางอินเทอร์เน็ตของ FBI เตือนคาสิโนชนเผ่าเกี่ยวกับภัยคุกคามที่กำลังดำเนินอยู่

แผนกอาชญากรรมทางอินเทอร์เน็ตของ FBI กล่าวว่าคาสิโนที่เป็นของชนพื้นเมืองอเมริกันควรตื่นตัวในระดับสูงสำหรับการโจมตีของแรนซัมแวร์กองอาชญากรรมทางอินเทอร์เน็ตของ FBI เตือนคาสิโนชนเผ่าเกี่ยวกับภัยคุกคามที่กำลังดำเนินอยู่แผนกอาชญากรรมทางอินเทอร์เน็ตของ FBI กล่าวว่าคาสิโนที่เป็นของชนพื้นเมืองอเมริกันควรตื่นตัวในระดับสูงสำหรับการโจมตีของแรนซัมแวร์

คาสิโนชนเผ่า FBI Cyber Crime

ผู้อำนวยการเอฟบีไอ คริสโตเฟอร์ เรย์ คาสิโน กล่าวว่าอาชญากรรมทางอินเทอร์เน็ตกำลังทวีความรุนแรงมากขึ้นเท่านั้น คาสิโนของชนเผ่า หน่วยข่าวกรองและหน่วยงานรักษาความปลอดภัยของรัฐบาลกลางกล่าวว่า มีความเสี่ยงสูงที่จะถูกโจมตีทางอาญาทางออนไลน์ (ภาพ: เก็ตตี้)มีการรายงานการโจมตีทางไซเบอร์หลายครั้งในรีสอร์ทคาสิโนชนเผ่าในช่วงไม่กี่ปีที่ผ่านมา แต่มีการเกิดขึ้นของอาชญากรรมดังกล่าว เจ้าหน้าที่ของรัฐบาลกลางอธิบาย ในการแจ้งเตือนของอุตสาหกรรมที่แจกจ่ายไปยังคุณสมบัติของคาสิโนชนเผ่าเมื่อสัปดาห์ที่แล้ว FBI กล่าวว่าแก๊งไซเบอร์พบว่าธุรกิจดังกล่าวน่าสนใจที่จะเจาะเนื่องจากมีข้อบกพร่องด้านความปลอดภัยที่รับรู้Bleeping Computerซึ่งเป็นสื่อด้านความปลอดภัยของข้อมูลและเทคโนโลยีที่รายงานครั้งแรกเกี่ยวกับข่าวกรองของ FBI อธิบายว่าเนื่องจากคาสิโนของชนเผ่าตั้งอยู่ในดินแดนอธิปไตย เครือข่ายโครงสร้างพื้นฐานด้านไอทีของพวกเขามีความเสี่ยงที่จะถูกโจมตีมากขึ้นความสามารถในการสืบสวนทางไซเบอร์ที่จำกัดและทรัพยากร��ารบังคับใช้กฎห��ายน่าจะเป็นสาเหตุบางประการที่อยู่เบื้องหลังกลุ่ม ransomware ที่มองว่าชนเผ่าสหรัฐเป็นเป้าหมายที่พึงประสงค์” Sergui Gatlan จากBleeping Computerเขียนแผนกอาชญากรรมทางอินเทอร์เน็ตของ FBI กล่าวเสริมว่าในขณะที่คาสิโนของชนเผ่าหลายแห่งเข้าใจไอทีเกี่ยวกับเครือข่ายคอมพิวเตอร์และระบบเกมระดับโลก คาสิโนอื่นๆ จำนวนมากยังคงจำกัดอยู่เพียงการป้องกันความปลอดภัยทางอินเทอร์เน็ตขั้นพื้นฐาน

เงินรางวัลเติบโต

ในช่วงกลางเดือนกันยายนปี 2020 Cache Creek Casino Resort ในแคลิฟอร์เนียตอนเหนือยืนยันว่าถูกบังคับให้ปิดการเล่นเกมและการดำเนินงานของรีสอร์ทเนื่องจากการโจมตีทางไซเบอร์ คอมเพล็กซ์คาสิโนของชนเผ่าในขั้นต้นบอกแขกว่ามันกำลังปิดเนื่องจาก “ความล้มเหลวของโครงสร้างพื้นฐานของระบบ” Yocha Dehe Wintun Nation เจ้าของรีสอร์ทเปิดเผยในเวลาต่อมาว่าอาชญากรทางอินเทอร์เน็ตอยู่เบื้องหลังการบุกรุกด้านไอที การโจมตีทำให้คาสิโนปิดตัวลงเป็นเวลาสามสัปดาห์ในปีนี้ การโจมตีทางไซเบอร์ในโอคลาโฮมาส่งผลให้Lucky Star Casinoทั้งหกแห่งปิดกิจการ เจ้าหน้าที่ชนเผ่ากล่าวว่าพวกเขากำลังทำงานร่วมกับ FBI เพื่อแก้ไขปัญหาหลังจากที่พบว่าแฮ็กเกอร์ไซเบอร์อยู่เบื้องหลังเหตุขัดข้องด้านไอทีเอฟบีไอรายงานว่าชนเผ่าต่างๆ ได้ใช้เงินหลายสิบล้านดอลลาร์ไปกับค่าไถ่เพื่อให้ระบบไอทีของตนได้รับการฟื้นฟู อาชญากรไซเบอร์มักเรียกร้องการชำระเงินในรูป��องสกุลเงินดิจิทัล ซึ่งยากหากไม่สามารถติดตามได้นอกจากจะสูญเสียรายได้และยอมให้เงินรางวัลแก่ผู้โจมตีแล้ว เหตุการณ์เรียกค่าไถ่ยังอาจส่งผลให้เกิดการขโมยข้อมูลส่วนบุคคลทั้งของลูกค้าและพนักงาน ตลอดจนข้อมูลทางธุรกิจที่ละเอียดอ่อน

ก้าวข้ามอันตราย

ผู้อำนวยการ FBI Christopher Wray กล่าวว่าการโจมตีทางไซเบอร์ทางอาญาได้เพิ่มขึ้นอย่างรวดเร็วในช่วงทศวรรษที่ผ่านมาภัยคุกคามทางไซเบอร์ในปัจจุบันแพร่หลายมากขึ้น โจมตีเหยื่อที่หลากหลายขึ้น และอาจสร้างความเสียหายได้มากกว่าที่เคยเป็นมา นั่นเป็นเหตุผลที่ไซเบอร์เป็นหนึ่งในความสำคัญสูงสุดของเอฟบีไอ และมันจะอยู่ในอันดับต้น ๆ ของรายการของเราตราบเท่าที่รัฐชาติและองค์กรอาชญากรไซเบอร์ยังคงสร้างสรรค์สิ่งใหม่ ๆ ” Wray กล่าวเมื่อเดือนที่แล้วในระหว่างการนำเสนอต่อหน้าสโมสรเศรษฐกิจแห่งนิวยอร์กหัวหน้าเอฟบีไอให้รายละเอียดว่าหน่วยงานนี้มีศูนย์กลางอยู่ที่การป้องกันและการหยุดชะงัก และ “การโจมตีแฮ็กเกอร์ก่อนที่พวกเขาโจมตีหรือก่อนการบุกรุกของพวกเขาอาจทำให้เกิดอันตรายร้ายแรงได้”Wray อธิบายว่าวันที่คนคนเดียวนั่งอยู่ในห้องใต้ดินที่แฮ็คเข้าสู่เครือข่ายคอมพิวเตอร์นั้นหมดไปนานแล้ว เขาเปิดเผยว่าองค์กรอาชญากรรมในปัจจุบันมีการดำเนินงานที่ดีและมีโครงสร้าง โดย "ผู้ดูแลระบบ" เป็นผู้เขียนโค้ดที่มีทักษะ และ "บริษัทในเครือ" ทำหน้าที่เป็นผู้เจรจาต่อรองเรื่องเงินรางวัลกับเหยื่อFBI ตั้งเป้าไปที่โครงสร้างพื้นฐานของอาชญากรไซเบอร์อย่างจริงจังเพื่อพยายามปิดการใช้งานเซิร์ฟเวอร์ โดเมน และบ็อตเน็ต หน่วยงานยังพยายามที่จะติดตามสกุลเงินเสมือนกลับไปยังผู้กระทำผิดWray กล่าวว่าธุรกิจที่เกี่ยวข้องกับความอ่อนไหวด้านไอทีควรติดต่อสำนักงานภาคสนามของ FBI ในพื้นที่เพื่อเรียนรู้เพิ่มเติมเกี่ยวกับวิธีการปกป้องเครือข่ายของตน

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thehikingviking · 3 years

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Ducket Peak, South Fork Mountain & Little Bally from Coggins Park, Whiskeytown National Recreation Area

I wanted to climb a cluster of peaks with little fame west of Redding. Standing at 6,975 ft, Bully Choop is the tallest and most prominent peak in the general area. The interesting name comes from the Wintun people of Northern California. Bully translates to spirit, while the translation for Choop is unclear. When I first saw the mountain, the conical peak was impressively covered with snow. I felt a distant energy emanating from the peak, so perhaps there is a certain spirit within this mountain. While this peak was definitely on my to-do list, it wasn’t what incentivized me to finally visit the area. A patch of peaks on the California Coastal list which includes Buckhorn Bally, Little Bally, South Fork Mountain, Ducket Peak and Shoemaker Bally were begging to be climbed. I saw it as an opportunity to “bag” several peaks in one outing, so I devised a thorough plan over two days that would hopefully allow me to climb all of these and more. I reached out to Daryn, who I knew was also interested in these peaks, and I set off north on a Friday. On my drive-in day, I hoped to bag three peaks towards the later half of the afternoon; Buckhorn Bally, Bully Choop and Paradise Peak. All are essentially drive ups, and I hoped to exert little energy in climbing the trio. From Redding, I followed Highway 299 West, then turned left on East County Line Road. I parked near the highest point of the road no more than a tenth of a mile on the northeastern side of Buckhorn Bally.

I walked through the forest for about 5 minutes until I reached the top.

There were a few rocks laying about, so I climbed several of them just to make sure I stood on the highest one.

I found a register containing familiar names. I was surprised that such a nondescript peak contained a register at all.

I spotted Shasta Bally through a gap in the trees.

I retraced my steps through the forest, hopped back in my Jeep, then continued downhill towards my next saddle. I stopped for a picture once I got my first view of Bully Choop.

The road took longer to drive than I budgeted for. At least I was able to drive all the way to the top. A recently reported snow patch had receded, and while it was rocky for the last mile, my Jeep handled it like a champ.

I climbed the lookout. A chilly breeze blew through me. The forecast was slightly unstable, but I viewed this as a positive thing since I expected the following day’s hike to be warm. Off to the northeast were Shasta Bally, Shoemaker Bally, Little Bally, South Fork Mountain, Ducket Peak and Paradise Peak.

To the south was North Yolla Bolly Mountain.

Shasta Trinity National Forest was shrouded with clouds.

To the northwest were the Trinity Alps, obscured by the late afternoon glare.

I still wanted to climb Paradise Peak and even Shoemaker Bally while I had daylight. I hurriedly drove back down the road.

I could have driven almost all the way to the top of Paradise Peak by approaching from the north, but I didn’t research this peak at all. Instead I approached from the west. I realized my error during my walk, but whatever, I was there to hike anyways. I noted a building on my way, which spooked me out a little. I was concerned that I was unknowingly trespassing, but after some post hike research, I think this is nothing more than a storage building for the lookout. I hiked up a short but steep and sandy trail to the summit where I found a structure and several rocky pinnacles.

I climbed one that was class 3, but was discouraged to find an even higher rock that looked rather technical. I walked to the base and knew immediately that I wouldn’t be able to climb it.

It reminded me of the summit block on Thunderbolt Peak, except with less holds. I think at minimum it is 5.10a. I was a little pissed off because several people have logged successful summits of the peak, but I know for a fact that they didn’t climb it. Now I have to come back with a lasso.

Strike 1. Defeated, I sulked back towards the car. I turned on the radio and listened to the Warriors vs Grizzlies basketball game. They were playing for the 8th seed and the final spot in the NBA playoffs. This was a nice distraction as I drove down the lonely forest roads alone. I felt I could still partially salvage the day with a summit of Shoemaker Bally. I reached the turnoff which climbs up to the saddle just north of the peak, but found the gate closed. This was also the road which led to our planned starting point for the next day’s hike. I considered running up the dirt road, but doing so would add an extra three miles and a thousand feet of gain. I simply didn’t have enough time that evening for a lengthened approach of Shoemaker Bally. In addition, the following day’s effort would now be significantly harder. Strike 2. I decided to sleep in my car at a big flat area next to the gate. Daryn showed up while I was cooking dinner. and listening to the end of the game. It was back and forth, but the Warriors collapsed in the last minute, losing both the game and their chance at the playoffs. Strike 3.

I woke up the next morning ready to bounce back. The day’s itinerary was to climb Little Bally, Ducket Peak and South Fork Mountain. If I had enough “juice”, I hoped to tack on Shoemaker Bally at the end of the day to recoup from my previous day’s loss. I had originally planned on starting from the saddle north of Shoemaker Bally, but the road closure would add mileage and elevation gain to an already difficult day. My brain raced around and after studying the map for a bit, I noticed a road leading towards the general direction of Little Bally from Coggins Park. This route option was out of the question before due to extremely thick brush, but with the Carr Fire of 2018 burning most of the area, I hoped to find a way through. We found another closed gate at Coggins Park, but figured starting here would be good enough.

Even if the gate was open, we would not have been able to drive much further since a small creek washed out the road. The road was very gradual and we followed it for 1.5 miles. Staying on the road would eventually take us up Shasta Bally, so we took an unmarked spur road underneath the northern face of Peak 5493. I had expected to run into the impenetrable brush by this point, but much to my delight, the Carr Fire had cleared out most of it. The road petered out, but it was no longer needed, and we strode east towards the ridgeline above.

Daryn passed the time working on his limerick that incorporated the word Ducket. I swear he could pass for a poet. Shasta Bally was an impressive sight to our north.

Once atop the ridge, South Fork Mountain, Little Bally and Ducket Peak came into view. Climbing all three would be a challenge.

Off to the northwest stood the Trinity Alps.

We continued along the top of the ridge. There were several reference markers along the ridge marking the boundary of Whiskeytown National Recreation Area.

- Shasta Bally

The Carr fire burned a shocking 97% of the entire Whiskeytown National Recreation Area, and all the nasty bushwhacking that previous parties had reported was eliminated. Our three peaks of interest stood ahead of us; first we would climb Ducket Peak on the right, then we would climb South Fork Mountain on the left, and lastly we would climb Little Bally in the middle. With any bit of luck, we could avoid climbing over Little Bally multiple times by sidehilling along its barren flanks.

As we continued along the ridge towards Little Bally, it began to snow. I actually welcomed this, recognizing that I probably wouldn’t find any water throughout the day. The colder the better.

I looked back at Shoemaker Bally and Bully Choop.

- Colorado Four O'clock

- Rainbow Iris

What ensued was an unavoidable one thousand foot drop to the saddle just west of Little Bally. The temperature at the saddle was noticeably warmer. Here stood a small patch of pines that survived the fire. Pine needles covered the already soft sandy ground. This was likely to be the most pleasant area of the hike, but we were looking to climb peaks, not find shelter. We continued along the ridge up the western slope of Little Bally through gaps in the brush which were plentiful and easy to find.

- Shoemaker Bally

The climb went quicker than I expected. There was a false summit in front of us which I was able to sidehill beneath. I’m not sure if this saved any physical effort, but mentally it might have helped me. I looked at Ducket Peak as I approached the saddle between the false summit and the true summit. It looked incredibly clear and pretty straightforward to angle directly towards this peak, so we decided to climb Ducket Peak first.

We took a rest under some shade at the mini saddle. I stashed some water here, knowing I would need some reserves for my return.

We then began our traverse towards Ducket Peak.

Travel was again easier than I expected. I led the way here, finding a route that ran parallel to the contour lines on my topo map. I maintained my elevation across the open swaths along the mountainside, and when my progress became interrupted by new growth, I allowed myself to drop down slightly in elevation to avoid the obstacles. This effective strategy was made easier by the soft sand underneath our feet, and we progressed around the mountain quickly. Once on the southeast side of the peak, we dropped down quickly to the ridgeline leading towards Ducket Peak below.

- One-seeded Pussypaws

I believe we crossed into private property at some point, however I did not see any signage indicating as such. I assume that the area was part of a logging interest, but after the big fire, not many trees remain. We connected with an old road once on the ridge. It hadn’t been driven in years, which eased my concerns. I didn’t want to get turned back by a landowner after all the hiking we had just done. We crossed an intersection with a very nicely graded road that appeared heavily used. The peak was close, but if we were to see anyone, this would be the place.

We crossed the road unperturbed, then continued along the ridgeline. The last section was very steep and sandy. We found a forested summit area. There were two summit contenders. We had to break some branches to sit atop the first rock, but this was the least interesting of the two.

We turned our focus to the boulder problem a few meters away. I studied it quickly, but the best I could think of was to stand on a friction slab then heave my body awkwardly up on top. It wasn’t pretty, but it worked. I found Bob’s register underneath a cairn on top then I simply jumped off. It was a bit high, but there was a soft cushion of pine needles underneath my feet. Then I watched Daryn solve the boulder problem.

I would rate it at V0.

Daryn was able to get up alright, but he had troubled getting off. While I had the advantage of young knees, Daryn needed to be more cautious. I stood with my back facing the rock while Daryn placed his feet on my shoulders. I then lowered down into a squat until we both collapsed onto the ground. Success! We ate lunch and found a benchmark located on a lower rock nearby.

After all that work, we had summited only our first peak, but it was probably the hardest of them all. We backtracked along the ridge towards Little Bally, but our next objective was South Fork Mountain.

Rather than climb up and over Little Bally, we sidehilled underneath Little Bally diagonally towards the saddle between Little Bally and South Fork Mountain. This was unpleasant, but short lived.

We crossed too high in the drainage to get any water from Eagle Creek. Once atop the ridge we had easier terrain as we made our way east towards South Fork Mountain. We found a random bear box on the way. We guessed that this was placed for the fire crews since it looked somewhat new.

My other theory was that there once was a trail along this ridge, and the bear box was placed for recreational purposes. There were a few sections along the ridge that looked like an old trail. While no trail is marked here on the topo map, there is an old road on the east side of South Fork Mountain, so to me it seems plausible that one existed at some point. Below us to our north was Whiskeytown Lake.

The ridge dragged on and on and on. There were more ups and downs than I had expected, as these minor bumps were not significant enough to be represented on the topo map. I started to tire, but all things come to an end.

We were thankful to finally reach the summit. To the southwest was Ducket Peak.

To the west were Bully Choop and Little Bally.

To the northwest was Shasta Bally.

To the north was Whiskeytown Lake.

To the east was Sacramento Valley. On a clearer day Mt Lassen would be visible.

We couldn’t find the register at first. I looked around the bushes underneath the summit rock and found it wide open. The pencil was missing but the book was still in tact. Perhaps some rodents had gotten to it. The register container had rusted so we decided to replace it. We added a new pencil and signed ourselves in.

We were as far out as we would be that day, so all we needed to do was head back. I am thankful for the burn because without it, I don’t know if our trip would have been possible. The area kind of reminded me of Ventana Wilderness.

We continued west along the ridge, passing a little garter snake on the way. This time we actually climbed Little Bally, which was the highest of the three named peaks. To the east was South Fork Mountain.

To the northwest was Shasta Bally.

We didn’t spend much time on the summit of Little Bally since we still had a lot of hiking ahead of us. I picked up my water stash and replenished myself. We then dropped back into the deep saddle to our west. I found a bird nest on the ground.

The climb back out of the saddle was a slog, but we were prepared for it. Daryn and I both wanted to climb Peak 5493 as a bonus peak. We skipped this on the way in, and it would only be a short detour to reach it. We continued along the ridge to the high point of our hike, struggling through a short section of manzanita on the way. Looking back to the east were South Fork Mountain, Little Bally and Ducket Peak.

To the north was Shasta Bally.

To the southwest were Shoemaker Bally and Bully Choop. Daryn had already climbed Shoemaker Bally, but I still needed it and I really wanted to get it today, however I was pretty tired. Continuing along the ridgeline looked tough, so I decided to bail with Daryn and head back to the car.

We continued along the ridgeline towards Shoemaker Bally for another half mile, and then we dropped down back to the old road which we used on our approach. Once back on the road, it was an easy walk to the car. I figured that I need to come back for Paradise Peak anyways, so I would be able to combine that with Shoemaker Bally. In the end, it was an 18.5 mile day, and getting Ducket Peak was my main goal, so I was satisfied. I drove back home that night excited to spend the following day with my family.

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