#syriath
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"Syriath used my grief and reached into time. She recreated you, Ianto, and-- I can't bare to look at you."
Realizing that Jack's entire character arc was to become more like the man he idolized, the Doctor.
From saving Cardiff with companions, to sacrificing his grandson Steven for the safety of humanity....
...and then being tempted to leave Ianto after Ianto's resurrection by Syriath, just like the Doctor left him on Satellite 5 after his resurrection by Rose.
The only difference?
Jack apologized to Ianto. And wanted to stay with him.
The Doctor never apologized to Jack. And abandoned him.
#torchwood#gwen cooper#ianto jones#jack harkness#owen harper#toshiko sato#big finish#captain jack harkness#janto#house of the dead#syriath#dr who#doctor who#tenth doctor
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Propaganda below the cut:
Suzie/Owen propaganda
#torchwood#gwen cooper#syriath#gwen/syriath#suzie costello#owen harper#suzie/owen#polls#image to be added if they win#I ran out of time
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" ethereal eldritch lovers "
The Bad Wolf gives life eternal, Syriath has control over the dead, never ending. They are part of the universe. Always there. Everywhere. Destined to be. They fall together like Ying and Yang, two sides of the same coin. A love that can be so different but everlasting. But sometimes even eternal lovers can disagree. Ianto Jones is stuck in death forever, and Syriarh is sealed away from this universe. The Bad Wolf will free her love, but only if…she can have something in return.
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Torchwood: The Ignition
https://archiveofourown.org/works/54167572
by NYTeslaPunk3327
The Big Finish Continuation clarifies that Ianto never closed the Rift in House of The Dead. This is a House of The Dead fix-it, where the Rift properly closes.
“The box…it needs body heat for ignition.“
Words: 1410, Chapters: 1/1, Language: English
Fandoms: Torchwood, Torchwood (Big Finish Audio), Doctor Who & Related Fandoms
Rating: Mature
Warnings: Major Character Death
Categories: M/M
Characters: Jack Harkness, Ianto Jones, Syriath (Torchwood), Gwen Cooper, Rhys Williams (Torchwood), Toshiko Sato, The Doctor (Doctor Who), Rose Tyler
Relationships: Jack Harkness/Ianto Jones
Additional Tags: My First Fanfic, Depressing, Implied/Referenced Suicide, Angst, Fix-It, Rift (Torchwood), Post-Series 03 AU: Children of Earth (Torchwood), Series 03 Fix-It: Children of Earth (Torchwood), Torchwood Novel: Consequences, Audio 03: In the Shadows (Torchwood), Post-Audio 03: The House of the Dead, Episode: s02e11 Adrift (Torchwood), Ianto Jones Needs a Hug, Protective Jack Harkness, Established Jack Harkness/Ianto Jones, Audio 011: Broken (Torchwood)
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Russia, Syria, Turkey and Iran hold high-level talks in Moscow
11.05.2023 #Turkey#Aljazeeraenglish#SyriaThe foreign ministers of Russia, Syria, Turkey and Iran have met in Moscow for high-level talks on rebuilding ties between Ankara and Damascus after years of animosity during Syria’s war. The fate of Syrian refugees in Turkiye was one of the issues discussed. Syria’s Foreign Minister Faisal Mekdad was quoted as saying by the Syrian state news agency SANA…
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US condemns, warns Turkey against plans for military operation in Syria - Al Arabiya English
US condemns, warns Turkey against plans for military operation in Syria – Al Arabiya English
US condemns, warns Turkey against plans for military operation in SyriaThe State Department on Tuesday criticized Turkey’s plans to conduct a military operation in northern Syria after the Turkish president said he wanted to create a 20-mile “safe zone” along the southern border with Syria.“We expect Turkey to live up to the October 2019 Joint Statement, including to halt offensive operations in…
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any body horror or bamf team torchwood recs
Two Of Us Are Hung From the Same Twisted Rope by Shastafirecracker (JackIanto, OwenTosh | complete | 15799 | T)
An accident with some sort of brain-scanning alien device leaves Owen and Ianto sharing Ianto's body. Hijinks and nightmares ensue.
You won't be seeing us today (you won't be seeing us in hell) by Beleriandings (JackIanto, GwenRhys, Ianto&Gwen | complete | 11135 | T)
One day, Syriath took Gwen's voice.
She should have realised Gwen wouldn't stand for that.
Corpse Soldier of Eskatar by Sholio (Team, Owen&Tosh | complete | 27404 | T)
The team encounters a device intended to turn the dead into unstoppable fighting machines. It has somewhat more unpredictable effects on Owen.
Halfway Back by Sholio (Team | complete | 13953 | T)
Team Torchwood run a sanctuary for magical creatures, and this time they've got a basilisk on their hands.
Push and Pull by sherlockpond (JackIanto, GwenRhys | complete | 34066 | M)
It’s been nearly a year since Ianto Jones died at Thames House. And nearly six months since Captain Jack Harkness left Gwen Cooper sobbing on a hillside on the outskirts of Cardiff. For Jack, the days are blurring into one, alcohol all tastes the same, and there’s not much point to anything. Until Jack’s reluctantly dragged back to Earth.
Homeless people are being taken off the streets, but no one really seems to care. Not until a man appears, a man who should be dead and buried.
Who’s behind the disappearances? Why are they happening to begin with? And how can a man who’s been dead for nearly a year be standing next to a gravestone marked with his name? A name he doesn’t remember.
[Set between Children of Earth and Miracle Day]
Torchwood Season 3: What Could Have Been by SqutternutBosh (JackIanto, GwenRhys, OwenTosh | Series, WIP | 103,305 | T)
Follows on from Exit Wounds but imagines Tosh and Owen narrowly escaped their fates. Torchwood are picking up the pieces and dealing with the consequences of Gray's attack on the city when a series of time slips start to appear across Cardiff...
My Third Season by NancyBrown (JackIanto, JackLoisIanto, GwenRhys, MarthaTom | Series | 196,081 | Multiple Ratings)
A loose collection of stories set in an alternate third season where the 456 never came.
the world is at my feet (i am standing on the ceiling) by Princessoftheworlds (JackIanto, LisaIanto, Yvonne&Ianto, Owen&Ianto, Rhiannon&Ianto, Rhiannon&Jack | complete | 21178 | T)
Settling into a comfortable life at Torchwood Three, with a steady job saving the world and a deepening flirtation with his boss to fill their off hours, a moment of chance leads Ianto Jones to discover a disturbing truth about his past at Torchwood One.
The Torchwood Jigsaw by barbarosabee (Gen | complete | 31910 | E)
The Torchwood team finds themselves in a dark place, with no explanation of how they got there. Their only clues to escape are the raspy recordings left to them, which guide them through sadistic tests. Live or die, make your choice. Let the game begin.
Half-lives by Beleriandings (Jack&Owen, JackIanto, OwenTosh | complete | 6754 | G)
In a remote settlement in the far future, the Captain comes to listen to a ghost story, and to help as best he can.
Just This Once by Beleriandings (OwenTosh, JackIanto, GwenRhys, LoisEsther | complete | 239639 | T)
(Everybody lives.)
(Or: when a certain Doctor arrives to save Owen Harper from a stricken nuclear power station, it begins a chain of events that will lead Torchwood Three down a very different path. From time locks and telepathy to tea and coffee, high-speed chases to unresolved sibling issues, their new lives (and new and old loves) may be different, but their bonds of friendship and family grow stronger every day.
But when every child on earth starts speaking with one voice, the team are torn apart again as they’re forced to fight for their lives, and to confront monsters they’d thought they’d left behind in the past.
But with all of them working together – along with some allies they’ve made along the way – Torchwood Three will stop at nothing to save their friends and set the world to rights. The consequences will ripple out across the universe and into the distant future.
But they have to start somewhere, and the present is as good a place as any.)
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No matter how many times I listen to it The House Of The Dead will always break my heart.
Like you thought COE Day4 was heartbreaking well prepare yourself because this will tear your heart out and leave you crying because of Ianto Jones' stupid self sacrificial self doing what ever he can to make sure Jack stays alive and because of Jack's grief allowing Syriath to create a 100% accurate Ianto who Jack finally says "I love you" to right before he DIES AGAIN!
Bloody Torchwood always breaking my heart
#ianto jones#torchwood#jack harkness#janto#house of the dead#angst#im still in denial that he died but it still HURTS#why couldn't janto just get a happy ending#or at least not an ending where one or both sacrifices themselves to save the world
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Second Bracket
You thought I was joking about multiple brackets, didn’t ya? (My beloved edit maker @horselover107 sure wishes I was, but she has been cursed for her hubris of submitting... so many of these <3.)
This bracket and all the rest consist of ships that I only received one nomination for (with the exception of Martha/Nine and Tyler/Hasan, who lost the prelims to make the first bracket, but will get a chance at redemption here. The seed order is decided by submitted order, so if you don’t see your ship here, don’t worry... it’s somewhere :3
The left side bouts will run on Monday, April 17th, starting at 9am CST, and dropping one every hour on the hour. The right side bouts will run on Wednesday, April 19th, same hours.
Match-ups below the cut:
Bout 1L: Martha Jones/Nine vs Gwen Cooper/Jack Harkness/Owen Harper/Ianto Jones/Toshiko Sato/Rhys Williams
Bout 2L: Donna Noble/Toshiko Sato vs Esther Drummond/Jack Harkness
Bout 3L: Jack Harkness/Clara Oswald vs Toshiko Sato/Orr
Bout 4L: Gwen Cooper/John Hart/Toshiko Sato vs Jack Harkness/Rex Matheson
Bout 5L: Jack Harkness/Martha Jones vs Suzie Costello/Ace McShane
Bout 6L: Johnny Davies/John Hart/Johnathan Penn vs Ianto Jones/Kathy Swanson
Bout 7L: Alice Carter/Sarah Jane Smith vs Suzie Costello/Rose Tyler
Bout 8L: Esther Drummond/Lois Habiba vs Ianto Jones/Rex Matheson
Bout 1R: Gwen Cooper/Suzie Costello/Toshiko Sato vs Jack Harkness/Carla/Persis
Bout 2R: Jack Harkness/River Song vs Alonso Frame/Ianto Jones
Bout 3R: Owen Harper/Ianto Jones/Toshiko Sato vs Jack Harkness/Javic Thane
Bout 4R: Gwen Cooper/Kathy Swanson vs Gwen Cooper/Mary
Bout 5R: Gwen Cooper/Syriath vs Suzie Costello/Owen Harper
Bout 6R: Owen Harper/Martha Jones vs Ianto Jones/Martha Jones
Bout 7R: Gwen Cooper/Esther Drummond vs Gwen Cooper/Toshiko Sato/Rhys Williams
Bout 8R: Norton Folgate/Jack Harkness vs Tyler Steele/Hasan
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Syria equates U.S. sanctions to ‘crimes against humanity’ after UN expert’s remarks
Syria equates U.S. sanctions to ‘crimes against humanity’ after UN expert’s remarks
The U.S. has imposed sanctions for years on Syrian President Bashar Assad and a number of his top officials.Politics, World, Bashar Assad, Syria, Syria sanctions US, Syria US relations, Syrian Foreign Ministry, un syria, United Nations, US sanctions SyriaThe U.S. has imposed sanctions for years on Syrian President Bashar Assad and a number of his top officials.
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FOX NEWS: Trump announces 50 million dollars in aid to support Christians and other religious minorities in Syria Trump announces 50 million dollars in aid to support Christians and other religious minorities in SyriaThe president spoke on the hardships of minority religions in Syria at the Values Vote Summit Dinner....Read More Digital Marketing
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Ex-Texas Teacher Among 2 Americans Reportedly Caught Fighting For ISIS In Syria
Ex-Texas Teacher Among 2 Americans Reportedly Caught Fighting For ISIS In Syria
The U.S. government has not yet confirmed the report.
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“There’s no-one I would rather have by my side when I defeat Syriath.”
h A HAHAHAHA F UCK. MY HEART.
#( hotd liveblogging )#idk when i became janto trash but it happened at some point within the past month and now i hurt
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any good fics based on audios other than broken/serenity/house of the dead?
Hi! We recommend checking out our tag library (located on the top of the page in our description for mobile users) for Serenity and Broken fics!
Click here for direct links to our previously reced Serenity and Broken fics.
For The House of the Dead:
You won't be seeing us today (you won't be seeing us in hell) by Beleriandings (GwenRhys, JackIanto, Gwen&Ianto | complete | 11,135 | T)
One day, Syriath took Gwen's voice.
She should have realised Gwen wouldn't stand for that.
Just This Once by Beleriandings (OwenTosh, JackIanto, GwenRhys | complete | 239,639 | T)
(Everybody lives.)
(Or: when a certain Doctor arrives to save Owen Harper from a stricken nuclear power station, it begins a chain of events that will lead Torchwood Three down a very different path. From time locks and telepathy to tea and coffee, high-speed chases to unresolved sibling issues, their new lives (and new and old loves) may be different, but their bonds of friendship and family grow stronger every day.
But when every child on earth starts speaking with one voice, the team are torn apart again as they’re forced to fight for their lives, and to confront monsters they’d thought they’d left behind in the past.
But with all of them working together – along with some allies they’ve made along the way – Torchwood Three will stop at nothing to save their friends and set the world to rights. The consequences will ripple out across the universe and into the distant future.
But they have to start somewhere, and the present is as good a place as any.)
I know a land called the land of the living by Beleriandings (JackIanto | complete | 430 | G)
They stood together, blinking in the streetlight as the dust settled around them, car alarms blaring in the distance.
"I can't believe that worked" Ianto said.
fool me once, fool me twice by princessoftheworlds (JackIanto | complete | 52265 | E)
When, after the events at the House of the Dead, the Rift spits Ianto out on an alien planet a thousand years later, so begins a goose chase that will take him across the universe and across time until he finds Jack again.
The Ghost of Ianto Jones by Galexi (JackIanto, Gwen&Jack&Ianto, GwenRhys | WIP | 33091 | T)
Six months after the death of Ianto Jones, Jack Harkness has found a way to bring him back to life. The twenty-first century is when everything changes, but being able to bring back the dead is not yet one of Mankind's achievements. Jack must rely on something even older than science if he is to see his lover again; he must place his faith in magic. With coal, pebbles, and a tiny explosive timer set to detonate at an old pub built in the site of a former stone circle, this is truly a Torchwood plan courtesy of one Captain Jack. But, as ever, Torchwood plans are bound to go wrong.
Also Anon you’ve inspired us. We have a full Audio fic rec list coming soon! Your Not! Serenity, Outbreak, or Hotd fics will be on the next post!
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The Syrian civil war
The Syrian civil war,[52] also commonly known as the Syrian uprising,[53] is an ongoing armed conflict in Syria between forces loyal to the Syrian Ba'ath Partygovernment and those seeking to oust it. The conflict began on 15 March 2011 with nationwide demonstrations, as part of the wider protest movement known as the Arab Spring. Protesters demanded the resignation of President Bashar al-Assad, whose family has held the presidency in Syria since 1971, as well as the end to nearly five decades of Ba'ath Party rule.
In April 2011, the Syrian Army was deployed to quell the uprising, and soldiers were ordered to open fire on demonstrators. After months of military sieges,[54] the protests evolved into an armed rebellion. Opposition forces, mainly composed of defected soldiers and civilian volunteers, became increasingly armed and organized as they unified into larger groups. However, the rebels remained fractured, without organized leadership. The Syrian government characterizes the insurgency as an uprising of "armed terrorist groups and foreign mercenaries".[55] The conflict has no clear fronts, with clashes taking place in many towns and cities across the country.[56]
The Arab League, United States, European Union, Arab States of the Persian Gulf, and other countries condemned the use of violence against the protesters. The Arab League suspended Syria's membership because of the government's response to the crisis, but it sent an observer mission in December 2011, as part of its proposal for peaceful resolution of the crisis. A further attempt to resolve the crisis was made through the appointment of Kofi Annan as aspecial envoy. On 15 July 2012, theInternational Committee of the Red Crossassessed the Syrian conflict as a "non-international armed conflict" (the ICRC's legal term for civil war), thus applying international humanitarian law under the Geneva Conventions to Syria.
On 2 January 2013, the United Nationsstated that the war's death toll had exceeded 60,000;[57] on 12 February, this figure was updated to 70,000.[45] According to various opposition activist groups, between 50,000 and 63,735 people have been killed,[28][44][58]of which about half were civilians, but also including 26,110–27,900 armed combatants consisting of both the Syrian Army and rebel forces,[28][59] up to 2,505 opposition protesters[42][43] and 1,000 government officials.[31] By October 2012, up to 28,000 people had been reported missing, including civilians forcibly abducted by government troops or security forces.[60] According to the UN, about 1.2 million Syrians have been displaced within the country.[48] To escape the violence, hundreds of thousands of Syrian refugees have fled to neighboring countries. In addition, tens of thousands of protesters have been imprisoned and there were reports of widespread torture and psychological terror in state prisons.[61][62] International organizations have accused both government and opposition forces of severe human rights violations.[63][64] However, human rights groups report that the majority of abuses have been committed by the Syrian government's forces, and UN investigations have concluded that the government's abuses are the greatest in both gravity and scale.[65][66][67]
Assad regime
Main article: Modern history of Syria
The Ba'ath Party government came to power in 1964 after a successful coup d'état. In 1966, another coup overthrew the traditional leaders of the party, Michel Aflaq and Salah al-Din al-Bitar.[68] In 1970, the Defense Minister Hafez al-Assad seized power and declared himself President, a position he would hold until his death in 2000. Since then, the secular Ba'ath Party has remained the dominant political authority in a virtual single-party state in Syria, and Syrian citizens may only approve the President by referendum and – until the government-controlled multi-party 2012 parliamentary election– could not vote in multi-party elections for the legislature.[69]
In 1982, at the height of a six-year Islamist armed insurgency throughout the country, Hafez al-Assad conducted a scorched earth policy against Islamist-held quarters inside the town of Hama to quell an uprising by the Sunni Islamist community, including the Muslim Brotherhood, Salafists and others.[70]This ruthless crackdown became known as the Hama massacre, which left tens of thousands – both armed insurgents and civilians – dead, although estimates of the death toll still vary.[71]
The issue of President Hafez al-Assad's succession prompted the 1999 Latakia protests,[72] when violent protests and armed clashes erupted following the 1998 Syrian People's Assembly elections. The violent events were an explosion of a long-running feud between Hafez al-Assad and his influential younger brother Rifaat.[72] Two people were killed in fire exchanges between Syrian police and Rifaat's supporters during a police crackdown on Rifaat's port compound in Latakia. According to opposition sources, denied by the government, the protests resulted in hundreds dead and injured.[73] Hafez al-Assad died one year later, from pulmonary fibrosis. He was succeeded by his son Bashar al-Assad, who was appointed after a constitutional amendment lowered the age requirement for President from 40 to his then age of 34.[69]
Bashar al-Assad, who speaks English fluently and whose wife is a British-born and British-educatedSunni Muslim,[55] initially inspired hopes for democratic and state reforms; a "Damascus Spring" of intense social and political debate took place from July 2000 to August 2001.[74] The period was characterized by the emergence of numerous political forums or salons, where groups of like-minded people met in private houses to debate political and social issues. Political activists such as Riad Seif, Haitham al-Maleh, Kamal al-Labwani, Riyad al-Turk and Aref Dalila were important in mobilizing the movement.[75] The most famous of the forums were the Riad Seif Forum and the Jamal al-AtassiForum. The Damascus Spring ended in August 2001 with the arrest and imprisonment of ten leading activists who had called for democratic elections and for a campaign of civil disobedience.[72]Opposition renewed in October 2005 when Syrian Christian activist Michel Kilo collaborated with other leading opposition figures to deliver the Damascus Declaration, which criticized the Syrian government as "authoritarian, totalitarian and cliquish" and called for democratic reforms.[76]
Demographics
Main article: Demographics of Syria
The Assad family comes from the minority Alawite sect, an offshoot of Shi'ite Islam that comprises an estimated 12 percent of the total Syrian population.[77] It has maintained tight control on Syria's security services, generating resentment among some Sunni Muslims,[78] a sect that makes up about three quarters of Syria's population. Ethnic minority Syrian Kurds have also protested and complained over ethnic discrimination and denial of their cultural and language rights.[79] When the uprising began,Bouthaina Shaaban, a presidential adviser, blamed individual "radical extremist" Sunni clerics and"takfiri" preachers for inciting Sunnis to revolt, such as Qatar-based Yusuf al-Qaradawi called for in his heated sermon in Doha on 25 March.[80] The Syrian government allegedly has relied mostly on Alawite-dominated units of the security services to fight the uprising. Assad's younger brother Maher al-Assad commands the army's elite Fourth Armored Division, and his brother-in-law, Assef Shawkat, was the deputy minister of defense until the latter's assassination in the 18 July 2012 Damascus bombing. Because the government is dominated by the Alawite sect, it has had to make some gestures toward the majority Sunni sects and other minority populations in order to retain power.
Socioeconomics
Discontent against the government was strongest in Syria's poorer and more radical Sunni areas.[81]These included cities with high poverty rates, such as Daraa and Homs, rural areas hit hard by a drought in early 2011, and the poorer districts of large cities. Socioeconomic inequality increased significantly after free market policies were initiated by Hafez al-Assad in his later years, and accelerated after Bashar al-Assad came to power. With an emphasis on the service sector, these policies benefited a minority of the nation's population, mostly people who had connections with the government, and members of the Sunni merchant class of Damascus and Aleppo.[81] By 2011, Syria was facing a deterioration in the national standard of living and steep rises in the prices of commodities.[82] The country also faced particularly high youth unemployment rates.[83]
he state of human rights in Syria has long been the subject of harsh criticism from global organizations.[85] The country was under emergency rule from 1963 until 2011, effectively granting security forces sweeping powers of arrest and detention.[86]The Syrian government justified this by pointing to the fact that the country has been in a continuous state of war with Israel. After taking power in 1970, Hafez al-Assad quickly purged the government of any political adversaries and asserted his control over all aspects of Syrian society. He developed an elaborate cult of personality and violently repressed any opposition, most notoriously in the 1982 Hama massacre. After his death in 2000 and the succession of his son Bashar al-Assad to the Presidency, it was hoped that the Syrian government would make concessions toward the development of a more liberal society; this period became known as theDamascus Spring. However, Bashar al-Assad is widely regarded to have been unsuccessful in implementing democratic change, with a 2010 report from Human Rights Watch stating that he had failed to substantially improve the state of human rights since taking power, although some minor aspects had seen improvement.[87] All political parties other than the Ba'ath Party have remained banned, thereby leaving Syria a one-party state without free elections.[86]
Rights of free expression, association and assembly were strictly controlled in Syria even before the uprising.[88] The authorities harass and imprison human rights activists and other critics of the government, who are oftentimes indefinitely detained and tortured in poor prison conditions.[88] While al-Assad permitted radio stations to play Western pop music, websites such as Amazon.com,Facebook, Wikipedia and YouTube were blocked until 1 January 2011, when all citizens were permitted to sign up for high speed internet and those sites were allowed.[89] However, a 2007 law requires Internet cafes to record all comments that users post on online chat forums.[90]
Women and ethnic minorities have faced discrimination in the public sector.[88] Thousands of Syrian Kurds were denied citizenship in 1962 and their descendants continued to be labeled as "foreigners" until 2011, when 120,000 out of roughly 200,000 stateless Kurds were granted citizenship on 6 April by a decree of president Bashar al-Assad.[91] Several riots prompted increased tension in Syria's Kurdish areas since 2004. That year, riots broke out against the government in the northeastern Kurdish-Assyrian town of Qamishli. During a chaotic soccer match, some people raised Kurdish flags and the match turned into a political conflict. In a brutal reaction by Syrian police and clashes between Kurdish and Arab groups, at least 30 people were killed,[92] with some claims indicating a casualty count of about 100 people.[93] Occasional clashes between Kurdish protesters and security forces have since continued.
Arab Spring
Main article: Arab Spring
In December 2010, mass anti-government protests began in Tunisia and later spread across the Arab world, including Syria. By February 2011, revolutions occurred in Tunisia and Egypt, while Libya began to experience a civil war. Numerous other Arab countries also faced protests, with some attempting to calm the masses by making concessions and governmental changes.
Before the uprising in Syria began in mid-March 2011, protests were relatively modest, considering the wave of unrest that was spreading across the Arab world. Syria remained what Al Jazeera described as a "kingdom of silence", due to strict security measures, a relatively popular president, religious diversity, and concerns over the prospects of insurgency like that seen in neighboring Iraq.[94]
Minor protests calling for government reforms began in January, and continued into March. A "Day of Rage" was called for by activists in Syria to occur on 4 February via social media websites Facebook and Twitter. However, protests failed to materialize within the country itself.[95]
The unrest began on 15 March in the southern city of Daraa, sometimes called the "Cradle of the Revolution". The city has been straining under the influx of internal refugees who were forced to leave their northeastern lands due to a drought which was exacerbated by the government's lack of provision.[96] The protests were triggered by the incarceration and torture of several young students, who were arrested for writing anti-government graffiti in the city.[97] Demonstrators clashed with local police, and confrontations escalated on 18 March after Friday prayers. With thousands protesting, the clashes resulted in several civilian deaths. On 20 March, a mob burned down the Ba'ath Party headquarters and other public buildings. Security forces quickly responded, firing live ammunition at crowds, and attacking the focal points of the demonstrations. The two-day assault resulted in the deaths of fifteen protestors.[84]
Meanwhile, minor protests occurred elsewhere in the country. Protesters demanded the release of political prisoners, the abolition of Syria's 48-year emergency law, more freedoms, and an end to pervasive government corruption.[98] On 16 March, some 200 people gathered in front of the Interior Ministry in Damascus, calling for the release of political prisoners.[99] These events lead to a "Friday of Dignity" on 18 March, when large-scale protests broke out in several cities, including Banias, Damascus, al-Hasakah, Daraa, Deir az-Zor and Hama. Police responded to the protests with tear gas, water cannons, beatings. At least 6 people were killed and many others injured. Over the course of the uprising, protests often gathered after Friday communal prayers at central mosques.[100]
On 25 March, mass protests spread nation-wide, as demonstrators emerged after Friday prayers.[84]Over 100,000 people reportedly marched in Daraa,[101] but at least 20 protesters were reportedly killed. Protests also spread to other Syrian cities, including Homs, Hama, Baniyas, Jasim, Aleppo, Damascus and Latakia. Over 70 protesters in total were reported dead.[102]
Military operations
As the protests and unrest continued, the Syrian government began launching major military operations to suppress resistance, signaling a new phase in the uprising. On 25 April, Daraa, which had become a focal point of the uprising, was one of the first cities to be besieged by the Syrian Army. An estimated hundreds to 6,000 soldiers were deployed, firing live ammunition at demonstrators and searching house to house for protestors, arresting hundreds.[128][129] Tanks were used for the first time against demonstrators, and snipers took positions on rooftops. Mosques used as headquarters for demonstrators and organizers were especially targeted.[128] Security forces began shutting off water, power and phone lines, and confiscating flour and food. Clashes between the army and opposition forces, which included armed protestors and defected soldiers, led to the death of hundreds.[129][130] By 5 May, most of the protests had been suppressed, and the military began pulling out of Daraa, with some troops remaining to keep the situation under control.
During the crackdown in Daraa, the Syrian Army also besieged and blockaded several towns around Damascus. Throughout May, situations similar to those that occurred in Daraa were reported in other besieged towns and cities, such as Baniyas, Homs, Talkalakh, Latakia, and several other towns.[131]After the end of each siege, the violent suppression of sporadic protests in the area continued throughout the following months.[132]
The military crackdown, led by an Alawite government, worsened tensions between Sunnis and Alawites in the country. A 17 May report of claims by refugees coming from Telkalakh on the Lebanese border indicated that sectarian attacks may have been occurring. Sunni refugees said that uniformed Alawite Shabiha militiamen were killing Sunnis in the town of Telkalakh. As the uprising progressed, sectarian elements increasingly emerged from the conflict.[133]
Defections and resistance
When the uprising began in mid-March, many analysts believed that the Syrian government would remain intact, partly due to strict loyalty tests and the fact that most top-position officials belonged to the same sect as Assad, the Alawites. However, in response to the use of lethal force against unarmed protesters, many soldiers and low-level officers began to desert from the Syrian Army. Many soldiers who refused to open fire against civilians were summarily executed by the army. The first defections occurred during the April Daraa operation.[84] The number of defections increased during the following months, as army deserters began to group together to form fighting units. As the uprising progressed, opposition fighters became more well-equipped and organized, and senior military officers and government officials began to defect as well to the opposition.[134] Some analysts stated that these defections were signs of Assad's weakening inner circle.[135]
The first instance of armed insurrection occurred on 4 June in Jisr ash-Shugur, a city near the Turkishborder in Idlib province. Angry protestors set fire to a building where security forces had fired on a funeral demonstration. Eight security officers died in the fire as demonstrators took control of a police station, seizing weapons. Clashes between protestors and security forces continued in the following days. Some security officers defected after secret police and intelligence agents executed soldiers who refused to shoot civilians. On 6 June, Sunni militiamen and army defectors ambushed an group of security forces heading to the city. More security officers were killed when the city's security headquarters was overrun; 120 security forces were reportedly killed on that day. In response, the government sent troops supported by 200 military vehicles and helicopter gunships to the city. Fearing a massacre, insurgents and defectors, along with 10,000 residents, fled across the Turkish border.[84]
In June and July, protests continued as government forces expanded operations, repeatedly firing at protesters, employing tanks against demonstrations, and conducting arrests. The towns of Rastan and Talbiseh, and Maarat al-Numaan were besieged in early June.[136] On 30 June, large protests erupted against the Assad government in Aleppo, Syria's largest city.[137] On 3 July, Syrian tanks were deployed to Hama, two days after the city witnessed the largest demonstration against Bashar al-Assad.[138] On 31 July, a nationwide crackdown nicknamed the "Ramadan Massacre" resulted in the death of at least 142 people and hundreds of injuries.[139] Some besieged cities and towns were described as having famine-like conditions.[140]
On 29 July, a group of defected officers announced the formation of the Free Syrian Army (FSA), which would become the main opposition army. Composed of defected Syrian Armed Forces personnel and civilian volunteers, the rebel army seeks to remove Bashar al-Assad and his government from power. This began a new phase in the conflict, with more armed resistance against the government crackdown. The FSA would grow in size, to about 20,000 by December, and to an estimated 40,000 by June 2012.[141]
On 23 August, a coalition of anti-government groups was formed, the Syrian National Council. The group, based in Turkey, attempted to organize the opposition. However, the opposition, including the FSA, remained a fractious collection of political groups, longtime exiles, grass-roots organizers and armed militants, divided along ideological, ethnic or sectarian lines.[142]
Throughout August, Syrian forces stormed major urban centers and outlying regions, and continued to attack protests. On 14 August, the Siege of Latakia continued as the Syrian Navy became involved in the military crackdown for the first time. Gunboats fired heavy machine guns at waterfront districts in Latakia, as ground troops and security agents backed by armor stormed several neighborhoods, causing up to 28 deaths.[143] Throughout the next few days the siege dragged on, with government forces and shabiha militia continuing to fire on civilians in the city, as well as throughout the country. The Eid ul-Fitr celebrations, started in near the end of August, were muted after security forces fired on large demonstrations in Homs, Daraa, and the suburbs of Damascus.[144]
During the first six months of the uprising, the inhabitants of Syria's two largest cities, Damascus and Aleppo, remained largely uninvolved in the anti-government protests.[145] The two cities' central squares have seen organized rallies of hundreds of thousands in support of president Assad and his government.[146]
#United States#Syrian Army#Syria#Politics of Syria#International Committee of the Red Cross#Bashar al-Assad#Arab Spring#Arab League
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International Rescue Committee: The bombing of Al-Shifa Hospital in Afrin raised the total number of documented attacks on health care centers in the country since January 2019 to 124The Committee: This is the eleventh attack recorded since the beginning of the year until now on health care centers in SyriaThe Committee: The attack completely destroyed the emergency and maternity rooms, and the hospital is now out of service.
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