Samaria, 853 BCE Israelite king Ahab during a reunion with members of the anti-Assyrian coalition in preparation for the Battle of Qarqar.

Biblical Archaeology Lesson 01: The Old Testament

There are many skeptics who believe the Bible is a book of legends, myths, and even fairy tales.  However, the Bible speaks of real people, real places, and real historical events.  How can we be so sure of this?  The answer lies in biblical archaeology.

According to the Merriam-Webster dictionary, archaeology is “the scientific study of material remains (such as tools, pottery, jewelry, stone walls, and monuments) of past human life and activities.  Biblical archaeology is a historical discipline that uses relevant archaeological discoveries to shed light on the historical and cultural setting of the Bible.

Let’s examine ten fascinating archaeological discoveries with relevance to the Old Testament of the Bible.

Let’s read together 2 Kings 17:5-23.

The Assyrian Limmu List (also known as the Assyrian Eponym List)

The Assyrian had devised a calendar system where they named each year after a prominent Assyrian official.  The Limmu List is a clay tablet with a list of those names in chronological order, dealing with years 858 to 699 BC.  The Limmu List is important because it establishes the chronology of Assyrian kings, which can be used to cross-reference and reconstruct the chronology of the kings of Israel.

Let’s read together 1 Kings 16:29-33.

Kurkh Monolith of Shalmaneser III

This is an Akkadian inscription on limestone.  It speaks of the military campaigns of the Assyrian King Shalmaneser III.  One campaign of note is the battle of Qarqar in 853 BC.  There is a reference to “Ahab the Israelite.”  This may be a reference to king Ahab of Israel who reigned from 874 to 853 BC.

Let’s read together Daniel 1:7; 2:49; 3:12-30; 2 Kings 25:8-9; and Jeremiah 39:9-14; 52:12-26.  

Nebuchadnezzar II prism

This is an eight-sided clay cylinder with inscriptions on each column (side).  The prism has an inscription telling of its completion in 598 BC.  Only six columns are preserved.  Column six is a list of Babylonian officials.  Nergal-Sharezer and Nebuzaran, two Babylonian officials mentioned in the Bible are on this list.  More notably this list also has the names of Shadrach, Meshach, and Abed-Nego, the Babylonian names of Daniel’s friends Hananiah, Azariah, and Mishael!

Let’s read together Numbers 21:29; 2 Kings 3:4-5; and Jeremiah 48:46.

Moabite Stone (also known as the Mesha Stele)

This is a stone inscription written by Mesha king of Moab around 840-860 BC.  It confirms the Moabites worshiped the god Chemosh. It also mentions Mesha winning a victory over Omri, king of Israel.

Let’s read together 2 Chronicles 36:22-23 and Ezra 1:1-8.

Cyrus Cylinder

This clay cylinder is a propaganda account of Cyrus’ conquest of Babylon created around 539 BC.  In addition to establishing Persian rule, the Cyrus cylinder proclaims deported people may return to their homelands.  This proclamation gives credence to the Bible’s claim the people of Israel were allowed by Cyrus to return to Jerusalem to rebuild the temple.

Let’s read together 2 Kings 24:8-20.

Jerusalem Chronicle

This describes the history of the kings of Babylon from 605 to 594 BC.  It records the first deportation of the Jews in 605 BC.  It also mentions the second deportation of the Jews in 597 BC, the destruction of the Jewish temple, the capture of Jehoiachin, and the appointment of Zedekiah.

Let’s read together 2 Kings 18:13-25 and 2 Chronicles 32:9-10.

Lachish Relief

This is a gypsum wall panel relief dating to 700-681 BC.  It depicts Sennacherib’s victory over the kingdom of Judah at Lachish.  This relief is significant in that the kingdom of Judah was formidable enough for Sennacherib to commission the relief in the first place.  Secondly, it is telling that the relief does not depict the defeat of Jursalem, meaning Sennacherib never conquered it, just as the Bible declares in 2 Kings chapter 18 and 19.

Let’s read together 2 Samuel 2:1-4; 5:3 and 2 Kings 8:25-29.

Tel Dan Stele

This stele was erected by an Aramaic king dating to approximately 900-801 BC.  The inscription boasts of the king’s victory of “the king of Israel” and “the king of the house of David.”  The significance of the Tel Dan stele is that it testifies to the historicity of King David in the Bible.

Let’s read together Psalm 12:6-7.

The Dead Sea Scrolls

This is the most well-known biblical archaeology discovery.  Fragments of all the books of the Bible (except for the book of Esther) have been found in the caves of Qumran in Israel.  These fragments date from roughly 250 BC to 68 AD. The Dead Sea Scrolls prove that the Old Testament we read today is the same Old Testament Jesus read over 2000 years ago.

Let’s read together Numbers 6:24-26.

Ketef Hinnom Silver Scroll

This is the oldest record of the Scriptures.  It records the blessing in Numbers 6:24-26.  The Ketef Hinnom scroll predates the Dead Sea scrolls by hundreds of years, dating to approximately 600 BC.

There are so many more archaeological findings of relevance to the Old Testament.  If you are interested, you can look up the Obelisk of Shalmaneser III, the Merneptah victory stele, Hezekiah’s tunnel inscription, the Lachish Letters, the Nabonidus Cylinder, the Berlin Pedestal, and the palace of Sargon.

These biblical archaeological discoveries show that the Bible is not a book of legends, myths, and fairy tales.  These archaeological finds show that we can trust the Bible when it speaks of historical things.  If we can trust what the Bible says about historical things, then we can trust what it says about spiritual things.

Friend, are you willing to put your trust in the Bible?

Judges 1: 9-11. "The Curves."

Adoni-Bezer, Mister Lightning Bolt, a Jew living in Jerusalem has to recover the fingers and toes of the 70 Clans of Israel and remake the Kingdom after the Perrizites, "the Wild Things", and the Canaanites, "the Zealots" take over.

The first real campaign after Jerusalem is in the Negev, "parched, rolling". Negev is a curious term, it implies learning takes place along convex curves the kind that resemble a perky pair of male ass buttocks, and also the kind along which the mind follows "on the way to the summit":

9 After that, Judah went down to fight against the Canaanites living in the hill country, the Negev and the western foothills. 

10 They advanced against the Canaanites living in Hebron (formerly called Kiriath Arba) and defeated Sheshai, Ahiman and Talmai. 

11 From there they advanced against the people living in Debir (formerly called Kiriath Sepher).

Let's define the Hebrew words first:

Negev= The verb גבב (gabab) doesn't occur in the Bible but it appears to have meant to be concave or convex; to be bulbous or hollow. Noun גב (gab) denotes anything that is bulbous (hills, buttocks).

The verb גוב (gub) means to dig. Noun גב (geb) means pit or ditch. This verb appears to be associated with the verb יגב (yagab), meaning to till (what a farmer does). Noun יגב (yaqeb) probably refers to the field where the farmer tills.

Noun גבא (gebe') appears to describe a hollow in which water collects and is commonly translated with cistern, pool or marsh.

Verb גבה (gaba) means to collect. Nouns גב (geb), גוב (gob), גבי (gobay) and גובי (gobay) refer to locusts. Possibly a whole other verb גבה (gabah) means to be high, exalted or lofty, although this verb could actually describe a person who collected a heap, or who plunders a society like a swarm of locusts.

In the Talmud the word for tax collector was derived from this verb. Adjective גבה (gaboah) means high or haughty. Noun גבה (gobah) means height or haughtiness. And noun גבהות (gabhut) means haughtiness.

Verb גבע (gabay) appears to mean the same as גבב (gabab), to be concave or convex. The very common noun גבעה (gib'a) means hill.

Hebron=

The verb חבר (habar) means to bind, join or team up. Nouns חבר (heber) and חברה (hebra) mean company or association. Adjective or noun חבר (haber) means united or associate. Noun חבר (habbar), meaning business associate.

Noun חברת (haberet) literally means that what is joined (curtains, one's wife). Noun מחברת (mahberet) means a thing joined or place of joining. Noun מחברה (mehabbera) describes a binder or clamp.

Nouns חבורה (habbura), חברה (habbura or habra) and חברברה (habarbura) mean stripe or mark. How these words express binding isn't immediately clear, but perhaps the most ancient symbols arose from people claiming items and locations for themselves or their tribes.

Kiriath Arba=

Root קרר (qarar) means to cool off in a thermodynamic sense: to go from hot gas to cool liquid to a cold solid. Socially this would describe warring tribes "cooling off" into culturally compatible peoples and liquid trading networks and ultimately the formation of cities and solid nations. Intellectually, diverse viewpoints might congeal into local conventions and ultimately a global standard.

Adjective קר (qar) means cool. Nouns קר (qor) and קרה (qara) mean cold. Noun מקרה (meqera), meaning coolness.

Noun קיר (qir) is one of a few words for wall. It might relate to the root because bricks are congealed mud, and a wall is bricks pieced together (non-standard bricks take some puzzling and pounding). The noun קרקע (qarqa') means floor; earth trampled into a compact state. The verb קרקר (qarqar) means to forcibly compact, to pound down.

Verb קרה (qara), and its by-form קרא (qara'), mean to near, to meet or to happen upon. Noun קורה (qora) describes a rafter or beam; the things that come together to form a roof, and which obviously relate to bricks pieced into a wall. Verb קרה (qara) means to piece beams together and noun מקרה (meqareh) means literally place of beams; beam-work.

Nouns קרה (qareh) and מקרה (miqreh) mean chance or accident, fortune or fate. Noun קרי (qeri) means opposition, contrariness. At a social level, chance meetings and opposition are the very rafters that carry society's roof.

For this same reason, the nouns קריה (qiryah) and קרת (qeret) are the words for city and federation of cities.

Verb קרא (qara'), which is identical to the by-form of the previous, means to call or call near. Adjective קריא (qari') means called or summoned. Noun קריאה (qeri'a) means proclamation. And noun מקרא (miqra') means convocation or called assembly. The noun קרא (qore') describes a partridge; literally "a caller."

The word רבע (raba') means four, which is where the typically human complex number sense begins. Verb רבע (raba') means to square. Nouns רבע (reba') and רבע (roba') mean a fourth part. Adjectives רביעי (rebi'i) and רביעית (rebi'it) mean fourth, and adjective רבע (ribbea') means "pertaining to the fourth."

The identical verb רבע (raba') is a variant of the verb רבץ (rabas; see next). It means to stretch out or lie down (mostly in a sexual sense).

Verb רבץ (rabas) means to stretch out or lie down (mostly not in a sexual sense). Nouns רבץ (rebes) and מרבץ (marbes) mean resting place.

Hebron is therefore a place where a federation of cities has been compacted into one Assembly of Mankind that has gathered for the purposes of creating a superior standard of living.

The implications of the butt also being a kind of cistern nothwithstanding the various terms, altogether imply physical, intellectual, and communal fitness are hooked together with the process of creating the Compound City.

In Hebron, the Israelites encounter:

Sheshai= white, like alabaster

Ahiman=

The noun אח ('ah) means brother, or more broadly: a fellow member of a social economic node (a "house") within a broader economic whole.

This word's lavish inclusion in names strongly suggests that the deity was reckoned by this word — in modern times we mostly speak of Our Father in Heaven but in antiquity the deity appears to have also been addressed as Our Brother. The New Testament appears to entertain that dynamic in the tenet that the Word is God's Son, and all who have the Word are godly brothers. Also note the similarity with the verb חוה (hawa), to show, tell, make known.

The noun אחוה ('ahawa) means brotherhood and אחות ('ahot) means sister.

and Talmai= the plowman

The noun תלם (telem) means furrow and is assumed to derive from a verb תלם (talam), to plow or till the soil.

The people living in Debir (formerly called Kiriath Sepher)=

The rare noun דבר (dober), refers to a pasture; probably a well-defined fenced-in field upon which sheep graze. Figuratively this word obviously refers to some specific Holy Book from which a community feeds (the books of the Bible originated as separate works, with their separate adherers).

Noun דברה (dibra) means matter or issue, and the similar noun דבורה (deborah) describes the bee (this probably because bees make honey, and "milk and honey" denote essential sustenance). The noun דביר (debir) was a nickname for the Holy of Holies and means "place of the word".

Kiriath Sepher= Record City, Scribe Town

In order for our Compound City to work as stated above, there must be purity of intent, gladness, a willingness to dig into fertile ground of mankind (and some of us are not all that fertile), and sow the spiritual assets for which persons who are "wild" like Hamas or Hezbollah, or "too zealous" like the Evangelicals have no acumen.

The Kingdom of Israel is supposed to be a place of moderation but for a few things about which it must be very strict and we all know what these things are. The rest- the superstition, the guns, violence, hatred, aggression, the nonsense, these things should not exist anywhere humanity has been around a long time, we surely know better by now how to contend with reality appropriately.

The Values in Gematria are:

v. 9: Judah fought the Canaanites in the Western Foothills. Behind the Western Wall is the decision not to be just smart but to be enlightened. Enlightened persons do not follow strange rules, they follow an ever more elaborate pattern of learning and develop a continually improving artistic assessment of the wares of life. The Summit is always Sinai, but the foothills leading up to it are never rules based, they are experiential.

The Value in Gematria is 8662, ב‎חוו‎ ‎ ‎"experienced in the farm."

The "farm" includes bulls (who act like three year olds), rams (who act like sixteen year olds), goats (who are tame but not particularly smart) and doves (who are men that act like saints but are not particularly happy). Bulls, rams, and goats go up the side of the mountain, doves come down to earth.

v. 10: They advanced against the Canaanites. The Value in Gematria is 4647, דודז‎, dodz, "then double the understanding."

Truth is told, it is also performed and then witnessed. Everything contained in Judaism and its partner, Vedanta, and its offspring, Christianity and Islam must be experienced twice. Once as a discussion of what is factual about the Supreme Being and His Will to Power, the other explains how we are to contend with these in real life.

The first discussions of this non-dual way of practicing religion took place in the myth Inanna in the Underworld circa 3000 BCE in which the Great God Ea, or Yah is mentioned for the first time. Try as we might, without balance in all of our relationships and approaches to life, all we are doing is placating time until the moment of our deaths and that is not good enough.

v. 11: From there, they advanced against the people living in Debir, in the Library. The Value in Gematria is 4319, דג‎‎אט‎ ‎, dagat, "what makes you worried."

From:

Dag= worries

At=together

The verb אתה ('ata) is spelled the same as, and according to the Masoretes, pronounced slightly different from the masculine second person singular.

Were we to stubbornly maintain that the two are connected, this verb would literally mean "to you". In reality it's commonly translated with to come; it's a rate poetic equivalent of the much more common verb בוא (bo'). But still, in order to express a coming, one would first require an awareness of you and me, so this verb is still not far removed from the above.

Our verb occurs about twenty times in the Old Testament, half of which in the Book of Isaiah. It describes bringing water to the thirsty (Isaiah 21:14), the coming of the morning (Isaiah 21:12), the getting together of humanity (Isaiah 41:5), the coming of the future in general (Isaiah 41:23), or a specific person and his policies (Isaiah 41:25), or wild beasts on the prowl (Isaiah 56:9). Scary things may come (Job 3:25), or years (Job 16:22), or the brood of fools (Job 30:14), or the golden splendor around God (Job 37:22). It may describe the coming of God (Deuteronomy 33:2) or a coming to God (Jeremiah 3:22).

What worries us is the most is the fear we cannot handle living together or do it for very long. Human beings are both madly in love and scared shitless of each other.

The answer to what worries us is found in the compiled work of humanity's scribes, the spiritual sorts and also of all sorts. If we follow the Decrees and become as learned as possible, all that troubles our compound lives will cease to exist.

Even as we wait for the world to accept this easy and comfortable solution to all of its troubles, one unfortunate fact lingers, we are going to have to kill a large number of corrupt politicians and religious folks are nothing is ever going to get better.

1 Chronicles 13: 1-14. "Bringing Back the Ark."

13 David conferred with each of his officers, the commanders of thousands and commanders of hundreds. 

2 He then said to the whole assembly of Israel, “If it seems good to you and if it is the will of the Lord our God, let us send word far and wide to the rest of our people throughout the territories of Israel, and also to the priests and Levites who are with them in their towns and pasturelands, to come and join us. 3 Let us bring the ark of our God back to us, for we did not inquire of[a] it[b] during the reign of Saul.” 4 The whole assembly agreed to do this, because it seemed right to all the people.

5 So David assembled all Israel, from the Shihor River in Egypt to Lebo Hamath, to bring the ark of God from Kiriath Jearim. 6 David and all Israel went to Baalah of Judah (Kiriath Jearim) to bring up from there the ark of God the Lord, who is enthroned between the cherubim—the ark that is called by the Name.

Shihor River=The River of Darkness. The Ark, the Vault, that which separates darkeness from light, intelligence from ignorance, grace from disgrace began in the murk of pre-civilized life, before the stars were lit. Its emergence from the Darkness is what caused the birth of the creation at the hands of the God of Israel.

Lebo Hamath=The emergence of the Soul out of chaos within the Ark is the beginning of sentient life:

ל

The particle ל (le) means to or onto and may describe a physical or mental motion toward or a behavioral effort, an evolutionary one or express determination or purpose. The name of this letter, lamed, describes a cattle prod or goad.

בוא

The very common verb בוא (bo') means to come, or rather: to move from a condition of wide dispersal toward a focal point of contraction. Noun באה (bi'a) means entrance or entry. Noun מבוא (mabo') denotes the act of entering, or the place where the verb is performed, namely an entrance. A specific use of this noun describes the place where the sun "comes" or sets, causing this noun to be synonymous with the west. Noun תבואה (tebu'a) denotes an item that experiences the verb, or specifically: a field upon which harvesters collect the yield in order to stack it at a central point of storage.

All movement of the soul has to emulate God's journey as the Soul from East to West, one purpose after another.

The greatest purpose mankind has to is to form a Federation and keep it intact, generation after generation:

Kiriath Jearim=A Federation of Honeycombs.

קרר

Root קרר (qarar) means to cool off in a thermodynamic sense: to go from hot gas to cool liquid to a cold solid. Socially this would describe warring tribes "cooling off" into culturally compatible peoples and liquid trading networks and ultimately the formation of cities and solid nations. Intellectually, diverse viewpoints might congeal into local conventions and ultimately a global standard.

Adjective קר (qar) means cool. Nouns קר (qor) and קרה (qara) mean cold. Noun מקרה (meqera), meaning coolness.

Noun קיר (qir) is one of a few words for wall. It might relate to the root because bricks are congealed mud, and a wall is bricks pieced together (non-standard bricks take some puzzling and pounding). The noun קרקע (qarqa') means floor; earth trampled into a compact state. The verb קרקר (qarqar) means to forcibly compact, to pound down.

קרה

Verb קרה (qara), and its by-form קרא (qara'), mean to near, to meet or to happen upon. Noun קורה (qora) describes a rafter or beam; the things that come together to form a roof, and which obviously relate to bricks pieced into a wall. Verb קרה (qara) means to piece beams together and noun מקרה (meqareh) means literally place of beams; beam-work.

Nouns קרה (qareh) and מקרה (miqreh) mean chance or accident, fortune or fate. Noun קרי (qeri) means opposition, contrariness. At a social level, chance meetings and opposition are the very rafters that carry society's roof.

For this same reason, the nouns קריה (qiryah) and קרת (qeret) are the words for city and federation of cities.

יער

The verb יער (ya'ar) isn't used in the Bible and it's a complete mystery what it might have meant. Noun יער (ya'ar) is the common word for forest or thicket, and the identical noun יער (ya'ar) means honeycomb. It is, of course, perfectly possibly that these two nouns are not two but one, describing something general like a thing that consists of many elements, which contain energetic nutrients (either fruits or honey), and which are patrolled by ferocious animals. The latter noun also occurs as the variant יערה (ya'ra), honeycomb.

Baalah of Judah=Mistress of Glory

בעל

The verb בעל (ba'al) means to exercise dominion over; to own, control or be lord over. The ubiquitous noun בעל (ba'al) means lord, master and even husband, and its feminine counterpart בעלה (ba'ala) means mistress or landlady.

7 They moved the ark of God from Abinadab’s house on a new cart, with Uzzah and Ahio guiding it. 8 David and all the Israelites were celebrating with all their might before God, with songs and with harps, lyres, timbrels, cymbals and trumpets.

Abinadab= the Governor, the Decision Maker

אב

The noun אב ('ab) means father, but describes primarily a social relationship rather than a biological one. That social fatherhood was the defining quality of the community's alpha male, the one around whom all economy revolved and from whom emanated all instructions by which the 'sons' (בן, ben) operated. It's unclear where this word אב ('ab) comes from but the verb abu means to decide.

Harps=

The different number of harp strings correspond to the different stages and levels of refinement and spiritual attunement.

The number seven represents creation and nature: seven colors of the rainbow, seven days of creation, seven years in the cycle of the sabbatical year, etc.

Lyres/Psalters= hymns with liturgical value

Timbrels=used after the Red Sea was split to praise God.

After the great miracle of the Splitting of the Sea, Moses led the Jewish people in singing praises to G‑d. The Torah then describes how Miriam led the women in singing their own song of praise, while dancing and playing musical instruments:

Miriam, the prophetess, Aaron’s sister, took a timbrel in her hand, and all the women came out after her with timbrels and with dances. And Miriam called out to them, “Sing to the Lord, for very exalted is He; a horse and its rider He cast into the sea.”1

This is the only instance recorded in the Torah where women sang their own song. Why is that, and why was Miriam the one to lead it?

Ironically, it was as a result of the bitterness and longing of the Jewish people that they merited to be redeemed. And the greater the bitterness over their condition, the greater was their joy at the Crossing of the Sea. “In proportion to the pain is the reward.” Therefore it was Miriam and the women—those who had suffered most deeply—who went out with drums and dancing.

They were freed from their fear of their oppressorsThis explains why, in describing Miriam at the Sea, the Torah calls her “Miriam the prophetess, the sister of Aaron.” It was only when the Jewish people saw the Egyptians dead on the beach, and they were freed from their fear of their oppressors, that Miriam’s prophecy was fulfilled in its entirety. At that time, their joy reached its height—and could find full expression only in a song accompanied by instruments and dance.

Cymbals=Noun משמע (mishma') means rumor or a thing heard. Noun משמעת (mishma'at) refers to a group or listeners.

Trumpets=Torah is the message, the trumpet is the microphone.

9 When they came to the threshing floor of Kidon [a kind of javelin], Uzzah [place of safety] reached out his hand to steady the ark, because the oxen stumbled. 

10 The Lord’s anger burned against Uzzah, and he struck him down because he had put his hand on the ark. So he died there before God.

11 Then David was angry because the Lord’s wrath had broken out against Uzzah, and to this day that place is called Perez Uzzah.[to break from refuge]/

12 David was afraid of God that day and asked, “How can I ever bring the ark of God to me?” 13 He did not take the ark to be with him in the City of David. Instead, he took it to the house of Obed-Edom the Gittite, "To serve in silence at the winepress."

דמם

The root דמם (ddm) is all about beginnings — or rather the simplicity from whence complexity arises — from being still before the noise starts to being monochromatic before color vision starts. Verb דמם (damam) means to be still, noun דממה (demama) denotes calmness and דמה (dumma) denotes a silenced person. 

14 The ark of God remained with the family of Obed-Edom in his house for three months, and the Lord blessed his household and everything he had.

Jewish sages generally state the Ark is a stable thing that is located in static union with where it was originally built by Adam:

It is universally accepted that the site on which David and Solomon built the altar on the threshing floor of Ornan, is the location on which Avraham built the altar on which he prepared Yitzchak for sacrifice.

Ornan= From the verb ארן ('aran), to be agile, aroused or at the center of cheer.

On this location, Noach built [an altar] when he emerged from the ark. On this location, Cayin and Hevel offered [their] sacrifices. And Adam, the first man, offered a sacrifice on this location after he was cre­ated. [Indeed,] he was created from this very spot; as our Sages said,4 “Adam was created from the place from which he [would be granted] atonement.”

God's choice for the placement of the Ark is said to be independent of all other choices. One moves towards God not the other way around. The oxen, the priests, stumbled, ie they failed to mention this,and the ark began to falter in the hands of the dummies who should not have tried to take possession of it.

We have made the same mistake, often we make it on a daily basis. There is no way to move the Ark around change its disposition or convey it to a new owner. It is all that exists, this container for the grace of God that creates a border with the darkness and keeps us safe from oblivion.

In this safe containerized space, soul and souls are to Federate and remain free of the forces of darkness that occasionally are spawned in Egypt, a place where men of petty means feed themselves nonsense about grandeur they do not possess.

Over the top of their voices rings the call of intelligence within people who are called to God, to competence, instead.

To abandon ignorance where it stands and follow decision makers capable of bringing civilization to its crest is what is meant by "pressing the wine in silent service", attentive to the voice of reason which is far away from Egypt, the Voice of Discord.

We obviously need go nowhere to be reasonable. Civilization is not a moving target. The rationale for it and the reason needed to make it real are always at home within us; realization of this and pressing the grapes in the head first is the meaning of the Bringing Back of the Ark.

ZAUR USTACDAN İKİ YENİ ŞEİR

ZAUR USTACDAN İKİ YENİ ŞEİR

ZAUR USTACIN SATIŞDA OLAN KİTABLARI VALLAH KƏHRİZDƏN AYIBDI…Turist kimi gəzmişəm,Qarış-qarış Yurdumu!Hələ yada salmıram,Süründüyüm Ordumu!* * *Əlimdə qayçı, dəryaz,Toz-torpaq uda-uda!İstəyirəm mən dönəm,Nisgilli, dərdli Yurda!* * *Gözümüzü açandan,Eşitdik: “Araz”, “Araz”…O vaxtlar Qarqar bizə,Dayaz idi, damdayaz…* * *İndi keçilməz olub,Dərindən də dərindi…Yeganə təsəllimiz,Bu dərdimiz sərindi…*…

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A sketch for a phonological reduction of Proto-Burushaski with only two phonation series, tense (*T) and lax (*D). Based on taking all entries from the StarLing database [1] found in at least two varieties:

Word-initially generally: *tense > aspirated, *lax > voiced. Word-initial voiceless stops and affricates are not common except for /t/ which as per verb morphophonology comes from reduction of the common cluster *lt-; and /ʈ/ which seems to escape aspiration entirely, there are no cases of /ʈʰ/ in my vocabulary sample.

/pini/ 'calf of leg', /pisik ~ pisok ~ pusok/ 'front piece of leather on shoe' (? < *psok) – vs. 19 cases of /pʰ-/ /tsa-/ 'to stand' (loss of prefix inflection? by metathesis < *sta-, cf. IE?) – vs. 10 cases of /tsʰ-/ /tɕak/ 'pickaxe' /tɕaq -t-/ 'to chew', /tɕaʁa/ 'tale', /tɕuɕ/ 'urine' – vs. 9 cases of /tɕʰ-/ /ʈʂaan/ 'half-clear', /ʈʂaːŋ/ 'clear' (of sky) – vs. 2 cases of /ʈʂʰ-/ /karaʈ -t-/ 'to break', /kaʈ/ 'sediment', /kil/ 'mountain goat', /kur/ 'small cistern', /kuːs/ 'magic' – vs. 15 cases of /kʰ-/ /qaq/ 'hungry', /qaʂ/ 'cubit', /qo(r)qor/ 'small stone' – vs. 13 cases of /qʰ-/

Some of these exceptions could suggest that maybe *TVT roots remain unaspirated, but this is contradicted by e.g. /-pʰaʈ/ 'gizzard', /tɕʰap/ 'meat', /kʰuʈ/ 'short'/, /-qʰat/ 'mouth'. Or could one of these be secondary from *TVD with word-final devoicing?

Intervocalically: *T > voiceless, *D > voiced. This time it is the aspirates that are disproportionately rare, I find only 5 stable cases: /matʰan/ 'far', /gatɕʰa-/ 'to lie', /gaʈʂʰe/ 'branch', /qʰaqʰar/ 'tree used for wicker' (? < *qarqar), /qʰeqʰi/ 'dirt'. Unstable cases include /pupur ~ pupʰur ~ bupʰur ~ bupur/ 'down, fine wool'; /pʰopos ~ pʰopus ~ pʰopʰus/ 'broom'; /-hakin- ~ -ikin- ~ -ikʰin-/ 'to teach'.

Before a sonorant: very little evidence for any voicing contrast; the chief distribution is R + voiceless word-finally, R + voiced word-medially. /rt/ is unaffected and /lt/ mostly so (see below). Individual exceptions include /hartɕimo/ 'bird species'; /turtɕun ~ turɕun/ 'marmot'; /pʰalʈʂo ~ pʰalʈʂi/ 'beetle, bug' (no examples of /lɖʐ/); /ʈuŋʈaŋ ~ ʈumʈaŋ ~ ʈuʈaŋ/ 'dark' (no examples of /ŋɖ/ etc.); /ʁorkun ~ ʁurqun ~ ʁurkuc/ 'frog'; /qo(r)qor/ 'small stone', perhaps by reduplication. Suspiciously many of these are names of animals; maybe newer coinages or ideophonic distortions.

There are also two cases each with /nd/, /ŋg/ in Yasin ~ /n/, /ŋ/ in Hunza/Nagir, and maybe these come from *nd *ŋg; but they could even be just *nt *ŋk since such plain clusters are not consistently evidenced.

There at first glance appears to be a contrast between /ld/ and /lt/, but the former could be conditioned by an initial voiced stop. The examples are /baldan/ 'whetstone', /balda/ 'burden', /daldalum/ 'wide', /duldum/ 'dustcloud, smoke', /-waldes ~ -waldas/ 'back' (perhaps with w < *-b-), /jaldir ~ jaldin/ 'mid-chest', /balti ~ baldi/ 'veranda'. Or maybe just by *b-, with 'wide' and 'dustcloud' by redupliction of *dal, *dul? We do find also /d-lt-/ in /daltas/ 'good', /diltar/ 'buttermilk'.

Word-finally: exceptionless neutralization as voiceless.

Probably the *D series can be assigned as simple voiced, *T as simple voiceless.

The outlines of this might be already known; the Dene-Caucasian theory seems to agree with initial aspiration but proposes that initial T- is mainly from older ejectives.

[1] Tumblr's being broken, so link here: https://starlingdb.org/cgi-bin/query.cgi?basename=\data\sinocauc\buruet

I recited the book of Kings to all.

GOD

God of War

Killing the unlawful since the beginning of time

Using men to do so, not Angels.

Books of Kings - Wikipedia

The Book of Kings is a book in the Hebrew Bible and two books (1 Kings and 2 Kings) in the ... significant events in ancient Israel's history, the battle of Qarqar.

Timeline: 1000 to 501 BCE

Phoenician commerce network, click to enlarge

1000  Shang rule is overthrown by rugged nomadic warriors. A new dynasty of Zhou kings rule. They claim that in heaven their gods have ousted the rule of the Zhang gods. A shortage of rainfall sends Aryan tribes from the Indus Valley to the plains of the Ganges Valley. Aryan tribal kings have been changing from elected leaders to autocratic rulers, allying themselves with the priesthood and associating themselves and their power with their gods. People in western Africa are clearing portions of tropical forest with stone axes. They plant yams, harvest fruits and palm nuts and keep goats. In eastern Africa, south of the Sahara, cattle raising is spreading alongside people who farm.

1000  Findings of Lapita pottery will tell athropologists that by now people originally from the Bismarck Archipelago have passed through Melanesia and have reached Tonga.

970  King David is succeeded by his son Solomon. Hebrews are writing a Phoenician language that includes words of Sumerian origin and have learned stories carried by that language. Religious toleration prevails as it had under David. Solomon has temples built for his wives, who worship gods other than the Hebrew god, Yahweh. Solomon has a temple constructed for Yahweh.

928  Around this year, King Solomon dies.

900  A writer, to be known as J, because he or she describes God as Jahweh, has or will soon write stories about the creation of Israel from 250 to 100 years before. (See Authors of the Bible, Fred Glynn, p.52.)

900  The Maya are migrating into the lowlands of the Yucatan Peninsula, where they will grow beans, maize, chili peppers and squash.

900  Findings of Lapita pottery will tell anthropologists that people originally from the Bismarck Archipelago passed through Melanesia, and the earliest Lapita archeological site in Polynesia, in the Tonga Islands, begins. Lapita culture exists also in the Samoan Islands.

900  In India, traditional stories have been put into writing called the Vedas – Veda meaning wisdom. Those opposed to this form of communicating their religion are ignored. The Vedas are considered an infallible source of timeless and revealed truth. In the coming century the writings called Upanishads begin, by persons interested in the relations between self and universe, an addition to Hinduism often associated with the Vedas and beyond Hinduism's routines of ritual sacrifices – a collection of as many as two hundred books to be written across two centuries. One writer will speculate as to how many gods really exist and he will conclude that there is really only one god.

Kingdoms in the Middle East, including Edom, around 830 BCE click to enlarge

Middle East, Egypt, Judah and Assyrian Empire, 800 to 671 BCE click to enlarge

900  Canaanites called Phoenicians are the leading seafaring traders in the Mediterranean Area. They are influenced linguistically by the Egyptians. The Phoenician alphabet, called by some a Proto-Canaanite alphabet, is spread by Phoenician merchants across the Mediterranean world. See a modern replica of a Phoenician trading ship at http://looklex.com/e.o/slides/phoenician_boat01.jpg

853  King Ahab of Israel, allied with the Phoenicians and with Damascus, defeats the empire-building Assyrians at QarQar in Syria.

815  The city of Carthage, on the coast of North Africa, is founded by Phoenicians from the city of Tyre.

800  In the coming century, Edom comes into existence as a social and political entity.

776  People on mainland Greece are trading again with peoples east of them, and the writing that disappeared with the invasions of previous centuries reappears. A sense of religious community has developed among Greece's aristocrats, and, beginning in 776, aristocrats from various city-states hold mid-summer religious festivals at Olympia. Greeks believe Olympia to be the center of the world and the home of the gods. In this century, the poet Homer reworks oral history on the Trojan War into writing. Called the Iliad, Homer's work is about an age of heroes. He praises warrior society and describes all as the doing of the gods.

771  Chuanrong tribesmen overrun Zhou civilization. Zhou kings rule in name only as the Zhou empire fragments into various power centers.

753  The year Roman legend claims Romulus and Remus founded Rome.

730  Nubians again invade Egypt. The Nubian king, Piankhi, moves his capital to Memphis and starts Egypt's 25th dynasty. An Egyptianization of Nubian culture is beginning, including the use of Egyptian writing. Egyptian is to be the official language of Nubian government, and gods among the Nubians acquire Egyptian names.

721  Assyria overruns Israel, disperses the Israelites and takes thousands as slaves. Israel as a nation vanishes. The Assyrians see their god, Assur, as having given them victory over the god of the Hebrews. Assyria's army moves through Judea, conquers Egypt in 676 and establishes the greatest of empires to date. The great Assyrian god, Assur, is seen as having defeated the Hebrew god, Yahweh. As with some other peoples, Hebrews see suffering as punishment for sin.

700  Aryan migrations into the Ganges Valley are over or coming to an end. Cities are rising in the Ganges Valley. Traders, merchants, landlords and money lending appear. In the coming century, Indians trade with the Assyrian Empire, Arabia and with the Chinese. In the West the Lydians are the first to make coins.

675  In the coming decades, rebellions against kings occur in various Greek city-states. Kings are replaced by cliques of wealthy men – oligarchies. During the political turmoil people will find relief in a new religious cult that promotes everlasting life, community and emotional abandon. Its god is Dionysus, a god of fertility and vegetation. Men of wealth and power fear that worship of Dionysus might disrupt the order upon which they depend, but most Greeks hold onto the gods with whom they grew up, and many believed more in reason than in letting their emotions lead them to an acceptance of promises of eternal bliss.

660  Legendary founding of Japan by Emperor Jimmu.

655  Egypt breaks away from Assyrian rule. Soon cities in Canaan also break away, and Phoenicia begins ignoring Assyrian directives.

640  With the end of Assyrian rule comes a resurgence of worship of the god Yahweh. King Josiah and Yahwist priests move against worshippers of other gods. The priests claim that a scroll has been found in a secret archive within Solomon's temple, a scroll signed by Moses. The scroll is used as a weapon against rival worship. An official intolerance rises that had not been the policy of kings David, Solomon, Jeroboam, Ahab and others. The practices of rival worship are forbidden: witchcraft, sorcery, using omens, worshiping images of gods in wood or stone, orgiastic fertility festivals, human sacrifices and temple rituals involving prostitution and homosexuality. Homosexuality is labeled an abomination.

623  A Chaldean army drives north from around Sumer and expels the Assyrians from Babylon.

612  The Medes and Chaldeans overrun Assyria's capital, Nineveh. Its walls are broken by siege engines that Assyria introduced centuries before. Assyrian communities, more than two thousand years old, are obliterated.

598  The Chaldeans overrun Jerusalem and Judah, while driving the Egyptians back to Egypt.

593  An Egyptian army sacks the Nubian city of Napata, along the upper Nile. Nubians push into Meroe.

587  Jerusalem rebels against Chaldean rule. The Chaldeans burn the city and tear down its walls and Solomon's temple. They round up about forty thousand from Judah as captives, including political leaders and high priests, and take them to their capital, Babylon.

585  A solar eclipse occurs that was predicted by a wealthy Greek man of leisure, an engineer and thinker, Thales, 39. Thales believes in the gods but is interested in the nature of things apart from magic. He theorizes that the world is in essence water. He mentors Anaximander, who rejects his ideas and develops a more complex theory about nature and change.

550  In Persia, the Zoroastrian religion explicity forbids slavery.

550  The Greek Pythagoras studies the movements of celestial bodies and mathematics. He blends his observations with Greek religion into what he believes is a theological coherence.

547  A Persian, Cyrus II, is expanding his empire and overthrows King Croesus of Lydia, in Asia Minor.

539  Cyrus conquers Babylon. There the captive high priests of Yahweh worship are liberated and see Cyrus as an agent of Yahweh. They expect Cyrus to inflict Yahweh's vengeance upon the wicked Babylonians. But Cyrus fails to punish Babylon. He honors Babylon's gods and disappoints the priests.

530  The Greek Xenophanes rejects mysticism, divine revelations and Pythagoras. He describes the gods of Homer as morally bankrupt. All they have taught men, he says, is theft, adultery and mutual deceit. He ridicules seeing gods as human-like and says that if oxen, horses or lions had hands to make images of their gods they would fashion them in their own image. He speculates that the earth stretches infinitely in all directions, that the earth is infinitely deep and that air extends infinitely upwards. He imagines a god as a central force in the universe but not human-like in shape, thought or emotions: a god that is everywhere and everything, a god that is the whole universe. And his belief that god is nature and nature is god leaves him open to the charge that he believes in no god at all.

517  Darius extends Persian rule through the Khyber Pass to the Indus River. The Persians still rule in Egypt, Asia Minor and everywhere in between, including Jerusalem.

510  Confucius is around forty. The use of iron has brought a higher productivity in agriculture in China, followed by a greater rise in population, urban growth and new wealth, and this has loosened social stratification. Confucius attributes the ills of his time to people neglecting the rituals or performing incorrectly the rituals of the early Zhou kings. Unlike other scholars of his time who become reclusive, Confucius tries to teach proper respect.

509  Roman nobles fed up with their Etruscan king drive him from power. The city of Rome becomes independent of the Etruscans and a republic.

508  In Athens, Greece, progressive members of the upper class unite with commoners in a popular rising against an oligarchy supported by Sparta. A democracy of sorts is created. Slavery in Athens lives on. Women in Athens are subject to custody of their fathers, their husbands, and, when they are widowed, their sons.

501  The Greek philosopher from the city of Ephesus, Heraclitus, is around forty. Rather than dwell on harmony, he sees conflict as a part of nature. He sees conflict producing change, and, recognizing conflicting interests, he introduces objectivity and compromise into deciding questions of justice.

↕️A ninth-century BCE ornamental Ivory plaque from the palace Shalmaneser III at Nimrud, Assyria ————————————————— Assyrian Wars - Qarqar, 853 BCE ————————————————— In the ninth century the Assyrians, the most ruthless fighting of ancient Mesopotamia, were expanding their empire by conquest. At Qarqar, Shalmaneser III’s invading Assyrian troops were met by the allied forces of dozen Syrian kings in possibly the largest battle the world had yet seen. ——————————————————— “The keeping with Babylonian tradition, the campaigning season for the Assyrians began one the harvest month of Ajarus had concluded — in what In would think of as mid-May. At this point in 853 BCE, Shalmaneser set out from Nineveh, leading his troops westward into Syria in order to follow through on conquest he had made in previous campaigns. These included the city of Halman (Aleppo), which he now took as his base, striking out to the southwest into Hamath, in central Syria. This time, though, his enemies were more organized. Hamath’s King Irhuleni had banded together with eleven other local rules, including Ahab of Israel, and their combined force prepared to meet the invaders on the plains beside the Orontes River. The armies were large, although the claim in Assyrian inscriptions that 100,000 Assyrian faced 70,000 Syrians is likely exaggerated. Records show that the Syrian force included chariots, horsemen, and 1,000 Arabs mounted on dromedaries — not only the first mention of camel warfare but also the earliest reference in the historical record to the existence of the Arabs as a nation. The Assyrian inscriptions proclaim the battle a glorious triumph for Shalmaneser. This cannot be quite true, because further Syrian campaigns had to be fought in the years that followed. Even so, the momentum was now clearly with the Assyrians, who soon control of territory up to the Mediterranean coast, from southern Turkey to Gaza.(MK) ———————————— Losses: Assyrian, no reliable figures; Syrian, allegedly 14,000 casualties ————————————- #1001beforeyoudiecollection #1001beforeyoudiecollections #1001andmore #1transcribedtext #assyrian #war #ancient https://www.instagram.com/p/CTXEcBYjY-a/?utm_medium=tumblr

Rayon is located 374 km from the capital Baku and 45 km from the closest town of Agdam. The relief in Aghjabadi is plain. The soil is rich with clay. The climate is mild subtropical; warm and dry. Average monthly temperature in January is 1.2–1.7 °C and in August is 25–30 °C. Kura River flows on the north-eastern border of Aghjabadi rayon and Qarqar River flows through its central part. Upper Karabakh channel also crosses the district. There are many salty lakes on the territory of Aghjabadi rayon; grey and gray soil is prevalent although halophytic type of soil is also widespread. You can schedule your tours with us for visiting every magnificient places in Azerbaijan after lockdown! #Aghjabadi #Agcabedi #region #animals #natureonly #himalayas

853 aC Qarqar, Rey Ahab de Israel - John Shumate

Does the famous Black Obelisk really mention a king of Israel?

Does the famous Black Obelisk really mention a king of Israel?

by

Damien F. Mackey

    According to the neo-Assyrian revision that I have presented in some recent articles, such as e.g.:

  Finding new opponents for the Assyrians at Qarqar

https://www.academia.edu/40961824/Finding_new_opponents_for_Assyrians_at_Qarqar?email_work_card=view-paper

the formidable Assyrian king, Shalmaneser III, fought the Battle of Qarqar (Karkar), not against Ahab of Israel…

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Rio Orontes  (Ou ‘Asi) é um rio que corre nos territórios do Líbano, da Síria e da Turquia. Com nascentes no leste do Vale do Beqaa(Líbano), corre na direção norte, paralelo ao litoral, cruzando o oeste da Síria até desaguar no Mediterrâneo, próximo ao porto turco de Samandağ. Sua extensão total é de 571 km. Ao longo de seu vale, passaram, ao longo dos séculos, exércitos e tráfego provenientes de ou com destino ao Egito. Às margens do Orontes, travaram-se as batalhas de Kadesh e de Qarqar. https://www.instagram.com/p/BplWmPrHUjA/?utm_source=ig_tumblr_share&igshid=1wvg2k45jdmxz

via Qanlı gecənin şahidindən qan donduran açıqlamalar: "Düşmənin 5 kəndini almışdıq…" http://ift.tt/eA8V8J Çəkilən şəkillər, lentə alınan kadrlar Xocalını, insanlığın öldüyü o gecənin dəhşətini ortaya qoyur. Və buna görə də Xocalının heç bir sözə ehtiyacı yoxdur. Bir də təbii ki, faciəni yaşayan, görən şahidlər... Elə layihəmizin bugünkü qəhrəmanı o müdhiş gecəni yaşayanlarındandır. Tahir Bayramov fevralın 25-dən 26-a keçən gecə şəhid olanların, əsir düşənlərin köçürülməsində yaxından iştirak edib. Qısa arayış Tahir Oruc oğlu Bayramov 1960-cı il yanvarın 7-də Ağdam rayonunda anadan olub. Burada boya-başa çatan Tahir 1979-1981 illərdə Sovet ordusunda həqiqi hərbi xidmətdə olub. 1988-ci ildən başlayan milli azadlıq hərəkatında iştirak edib. Hal-hazırda evlidir, dörd övladı var. Tahir bəy, Xocalı faciəsi və Birinci Qarabağ savaşını belə xatırlayır: " 10 nəfərlik səngərdə cəmi iki ov tüfəngimiz vardı.” -1988-ci ildə Azadlıq hərəkatına qoşulmuşam. Azadlıq sevdası bizə baha başa gəlib. 1990-cı ilin 20 yanvarında baş verənlər , 1992-ci il fevralın 27-də Xocavəndin Qaradağlı kəndindəki müsibətlər, daha sonra yaşanan hadisələr zamanı ermənilər azərbaycanlıları girov götürüb işgəncələr verirdilər. Həmin vaxt tam nizami ordu yox idi, ona görə düşmənə layiqli cavab verə bilmirdik. Bizlər sadəcə ov tüfəngləri ilə özümüzü müdafiə edirdik. Xalq hərəkatının başladığı bir vaxtda ermənilər daha da azğınlaşmışdı, bu da bizləri çox narahat edirdi. Onun üçün gücümüzün çatdığı qədər torpaqlarımızı müdafiə etməyə başladıq. O, vaxtlar rus ordusu da ölkəni tərk etməmişdi və bizlərə hərəkət etməyə imkan vermirdilər. Bütün rayonlardan igid oğullarımız köməyimizə gəlirdilər. 10 nəfərlik səngərdə duranda cəmi iki ov tüfəngimiz olurdu, hətta tir tüfəngindən də istifadə edirdik! Böyük hücumumuz olasıydı, fevralın 23-də qəsdən döyüşü dayandırdılar… -1991-ci ildə Xalq Cəbhəsinin sayəsində yeni bir ordu yaranmağa başladı. Orduya Milli Qəhrəmanımız Şirin Mirzəyev komandirlik edirdi. Bir neçə uğurlu döyüş - hücum əməliyyatlarımız oldu. Bu minvalla 1992-ci il fevralın 23-də böyük hücumumuz olmalı idi , nədənsə olmadı, qəsdən döyüşü dayandırdılar… O, vaxt bilinmirdi günahkar kimdi? Fevralın 25-i gecə saat 22-00-dan Xocalıdan atəş səsləri gəlməyə başladı, dəhşətli mənzərə idi. Bunu sadəcə gözlə görmək lazım idi. Ancaq biz bilmədik ki, Xocalıya dörd tərəfdən hücum olub. Bir neçə saat sonra xəbər gəldi ki, Xocalını mühasirəyə alıb, camaata divan tutublar. Maraqlısı budur ki, həmin gün nə televiziyada, nə də radioda belə bir xəbər verilmədi. İnsan fəryadının, qışqırtılarının səsi daglara yayılırdı... -Bilirsiz insan həyəcanlı olanda nə edəcəyini bilmir. Biz də belə bir vəziyyətdə gələn xəbərlərə və ya kimə inanacağımızı bilmirdik. Bunu da deyim ki, düşmən həm də öz içimizdə idi. Nəyə görə xalqa bu haqda məlumat verilmirdi axı. Vaxtında müdaxilə etsəydik bəlkə də bu qədər insan məhv olmazdı. Sabah oldu, dan yeri sökülməmiş insan fəryadının, qışqırtılarının səsi dağlara yayıldı. Biz artıq hazırlıqlı şəkildə köməyə gedirdik , səslər gəlsə də, kimsəni görə bilmirdik. Naxcivanik, Pircamal, Aranzəmin, Dəhraz və arxasında da Kətik kəndi, Pir deyilən postlar var idi. Ermənilər bu saydığım kəndlərdə yasayırdılar. Haradan biləsən ki, Xocalı camaatı meşələrə səpilib. Bu kəndlər Ağdam, Xocalı arasındakı erməni və azərbaycanlıların yaşadığı ərazilər idi. Ermənilər Xocalı sakinlərini meşələrə didərgin salaraq, minaatanlardan, pulemyotlardan atəş açaraq qətlə yetirirdilər. (Tahir bəy o günləri xatırlamaqda çətinlik çəkir, hətta kövrəlir; amma davam edir) -İnanın dırnağı çıxarılan analar, zorlanan qızlar, döyülüb təhqir olunan gənclər-qocalar, süngüyə taxılan körpələri görmək məni 40 il qocaltdı. Xocalıları Ağdama gətirəndə Seyidağa bəyin çəklişlərində mən varam, inanın orada beynim donmuşdu. İnsan fəryadı necə dəhşətli olurmuş ilahi? Qarabağlılar nələr çəkib buna bir Allah şahiddir! -Hava yavaş-yavaş işıqlanmağa başlayanda, kömək etmək üçün döyüşə atıldıq . Düzü, döyüşçü yoldaşlarımız çox olsa da, vuruşmağa silah tapılmırdı. O vaxt Türkiyə televiziyaları çəkiliş edəndə açıq şəkildə görünürdü ki, silahı olanlar qabaqda döyüşür, yaralananları həmin ərazidən çıxarırdıq. Rəhmətlik Çingiz Mustafayev, Seyidağa bəy və başqa iki operator meyitləri çəkirdi. Biz meyitləri Vitalik adlı erməni alçağı ilə razılaşma əsasında oradan götürürdük. Aradan bir neçə gün keçdikdən sonra yenidən güc toplayıb, Şelli deyilən istiqamətdə köməyə getdik. İnsanlarımız əli silahsız hücuma keçirdilər, əsgərlər əvvəl döyüşmək üçün hətta bir-birləri ilə mübahisə edirdilər. Qabaqda gedib şəhid olanların silahı ilə geridəki əsgərlər döyüşürdülər. İndi bu qarabağlılar nələr çəkib buna bir Allah şahiddir. Həmin vaxtlar Xocalıda kino çəkmirdilər, bu yaşananlar elə faciə idi ki!… -Bu gün çoxları bizə deyir -torpaqlarınızı qoyub qaçmısınız. Döyüşməmisiniz. Daha bilmirlər ki, biz Ağdamdan əvvəl Xocalı faciəsini yaşamışıq. Həmin vaxtlar Xocalıda kino çəkmirdilər. Bunu hər kəs bilsin, bu yaşananlar elə faciə idi ki, yüz illərlə unudulmayacaq. Gərək orda şəxsən olub, nələrin baş verdiyinin şahidi olasan... Mən şəxsən Xocalıda baş verənləri görmüşəm. Burda hamı hər şeyi bilir deyə, danışıb gənclərimizi ruhdan salmaq fikrim yoxdur, amma bunu da unutmasınlar ki, ermənilər xocalılara, qarabağlılara soyqırımı edib. Mən bütün video və şəkillərə sivil geyimdə düşmüşəm. Səbəb isə bizim hərbi geyimimizin olmaması idi. Həmin vaxtlar Şirin Mirzəyev və başqa komandirlərdə hərbi geyim vardı. Amma bu çatışmazlıqlar bizi saxlaya bilməzdi. Buna görə də Xocalıda əlimizdən gələni etdik. Xocalı əsirlərinin geri qaytarılmasında şəxsən Milli Qəhrəman Allahverdi Bağırovun yanında olmuşam. Xocalıdan gələn meyitlər Ağdam məscidində, əsirlər isə Ağdamlıların evlərində müalicə edilir, qarınları doyuzdurulurdu. Qalan camaat isə Bakıya daşınırdı. Əlsiz, ayaqsız əsirləri azad etmək ömrümü 40 il dala atdı… Bizim sual: Tahir bəy, qardaşınızı da elə o ərəfədə itirmisiniz. Bilirəm həmin anları xatırlamaq çətindi... Ermənilər bizi özlərindən bildi. Çox keçmədi ki… -Bizim nələr çəkdiyimizi heç kim bilmir. Mən Naxçıvanik döyüşlərində mühasirəyə düşdüm. Həmin vaxt elə biliblər Tahir ölüb, evimdə yas mağarı qurublar... Mühasirəyə düşməyimə gəlincə, Muğanlı kəndi istiqamətində döyüşə getdiyim üçün, bizimkilərin hansı yolla getdiyini bilmədim . Maşınımı Qaraqaya yolu ilə sürdüm, şəfqət bacıları ilə dörd nəfər idik, fikirli olduğumdan bir də ayıldım ki, qabaqda üstündə xaç şəkli olan iki BMP var. Onda başa düşdüm ki, artıq mühasirədəyik. Sən demə həmin ərazini almamışıq. Qarşıdan dolanacağım yolu səhvən erməninin postuna tərəf sürmüşəm. Nə isə, yaxşı ki, ermənilər bizi özlərindən bildi və bir -birimizlə yüksək səslə danışığımıza cavab verdilər ki, "ara, nə deyirsiz eşitmirik”. Ani olaraq ermənilər ayıldı. Bizə atəş açmamış arxamızca gələn "berdeyemləri” gördük. Bu vaxt atışma başladı. Biz orda ya döyüşməli, ya da ölməli idik. "Düşmənin 5 kəndini almışdıq, erməni qorxuya düşmüşdü” Təbii ki, döyüşdük baxmayaraq ki, əlimizdə sadəcə avtomatlar vardı. Onların isə silahı olsa da, 5 kəndlərini almışdıq deyə qorxurdular. Birtəhər ordan çıxmağa çalışdıq. Yolu səhv getdiyimizi anlayan qardaşım Məzahir də arxadan kömək gətirdi və gələn yardımla erməninin bir BMP-sini vurduq. Bununla da mühasirədən çıxdıq. Tək arzum ölmədən QARABAĞI azad görməkdi! Qardaşım şəhid olan gün isə silah gətirmək üçün Gəncə poliqonuna getmişdim, içimdə pis hisslər vardı, qayıdanda qara xəbəri aldım. Həmin gün elə bil ömrüm qaraldı. Xocalıda şəhid olanların qaralmış, xarab olmuş meyitlərin, əlsiz, ayaqsız əsirləri azad etmək ömrümü 40 il dala atdı. Təki Vətən sağ olsun! Mənim tək arzum ölmədən Qarabağı azad görməkdi. Bizim sual: Sonra nə baş verdi, gördükləriniz, yaşadıqlarınız əsgərlərin əhvalına necə təsir göstərmişdi? "Əməliyyatın 3-cü saatında ermənilərin beş kəndini aldıq” -Xocalıdan sonra, Milli Qəhrəmanlar- Allahverdi Bağırov, Asif Məhərrəmov, (Fred Asif), Ərşad Rzayev, (Qatır Məmməd) və başqa igidlərimizin bütün kəndlərdə öz rotaları var idi. 1992-ci ildə mart ayının 21-də Eldar Bağırov adına 845 nömrəli könüllü özünümüdafiə batalyonu yarandı. Biz də qardaşım Məzahirlə həmin batalyonda xidmətə başladıq. Qardaşım məndən qabaq döyüşdüyü üçün ağır yaralanmağına baxmayaraq Xocalı qırğınını eşidəndə hospitaldan qaçaraq cəbhə bölgəsinə gəlsə də, onu döyüşə götürmək istəmirdilər. Amma israrlarından sonra o döyüşlərə yenidən qatıldı. Beləliklə, 1992-ci ildə ilk könüllü ordunun möhtəşəm hücum əməliyyatları həyata keçirildi. Hücum əməliyyatının 3-cü saatında ermənilərin beş kəndini aldıq. Naxçıvanik, Aranzəmin, Pircamal, Dəhraz, Ağbulaq kəndlərinə nəzarəti ələ keçirdik. Bu, bizim ən uğurlu əməliyyatlarımızdan biri idi. Ancaq həmin gün uğurlarımız gözümüzdə qaldı və Allahverdi Bağırov minaya düşərək şəhid oldu. Allahverdini itirdiyimiz gün bütün Qarabağı itirdik. 1992-ci il iyul ayının 12-də Allahverdi Bağırovla birlikdə Nizami Şükürovu, Bəyləri və başqa silahdaşlarımızı da itirdik. Bu əməliyyatdan 3 gün keçmişdi ki, Şelli, Naxçıvanik istiqamətində mina təmizləməyə apardığım sapyorlarla birlikdə minaya düşdüm. "Kiminin qolu, kiminin ayağı qopdu” Xoşbəxtlikdən şəhidimiz olmasa da, ağır yaralananlar oldu. Kiminin qolu, kiminin ayağı qopdu, mən isə orta ağır yaralandım, amma hospitala getməkdən imtina etdim. Çünki orda ağır yaralılar vardı. Müalicə almağı özümə ayıb bildim. Yaralarımız sağalmamış, komandirimiz Mətləb Mustafayev minaatanlarımızı başqa əsgərlərə verməyi və Allahverdi Bağırov adına ART divizion yaratmağı təklif etdi. Qarqar çayı yaxınlığında iki zil maşın və "qaubista” deyilən toplarla artilleriyada xidmətə başladıq. Getdikcə divizionumuz böyüdü və başqa artilleriyalar da bizə qoşuldular. Milli Qəhrəman Elburus Allahverdiyev komandir müavinimiz oldu. Elə bir vəziyyət yarandı ki, bütün əsgərlər qabaqda döyüşməyə can atırdı. Komandirimiz Mətləb Musatafayev isə belə olmaz dedi. Əvvəlcə artilleriya ermənini vursun, sonra bizlər irəliləyək, beləliklə, erməni qorxub qaçacaq, təlimatını verdi. Mətləb bəy fədailər batalyonu yaratdı (rusca bu ad yaxşı səslənidiyi üçün batalyona "smertnik”lər adını verdi). Getdikcə böyüyən batalyonumuz döyüş yoluna qədəm qoydu. Başqa rayonlardan gələn əsgərlər "smertnik” olmağa can atırdılar. Daha sonra Mətləb komandir rəhmətə getdi və onu Elburus Allahverdiyev əvəzlədi. "Smertninklərin”, yəni bizim batalyon komandirimiz isə əvvəllər rota komandirimiz olan Tofiq Uğurluyev oldu. 1995-ci ilə kimi həmin batalyonda xidmət elədim,1996-ci ilə məni "kotel” batalyonuna göndərdilər. Sonra isə bizi Seyfəli poliqonuna çıxardılar. Bizi 04.11.1996-cı ildə, gizir rütbəsi və batareya komandiri kimi 4 uşaq atası olaraq, ordudan tərxis etdilər. Bizim sual: Tahir bəy, son günlər ermənilər cəbhədə təxribat əməllərini artırıblar. Düşmən 2016-cı il Aprel döyüşlərinin məğlubiyyətini hələ də həzm edə bilmir. Bir neçə ildən sonra deyəsən yenə döyüşmək fikrinə düşmüsünüz? Məni qardaşımın şəhidliyi yox, Qarabağ, Xocalı dərdi qocaltdı! -2016 cı ilin aprel döyüşlərində də oldum, hətta aprelin 3-də Qapanlı kəndində başımdan yaralandım da. Nə qədər əlim silah tutursa, Ali Bas komandan əmr versə, həmin gündən mən hazıram. Biz veteranlar, hətta əlillər də kəfənə bürünmüş adamlarıq. Nə qədər yaşayırıqsa, biz ayaq üstə gəzən diri şəhidlərik. Allahdan bir arzum var- bu dünyanı tərk eləməmiş Qarabağımızı azad görüm və üzüağ Şəhidlərimizin hüzuruna gedim. Xocalını unutmayaq-unutdurmayaq. Məni qardaşımın şəhidliyi yox, Qarabağ, Xocalı dərdi qocaltdı! Gənclərimizə güvənirəm, şükür silahımız da var. Daha nəyi, kimi gözləyirik. Hamılıqla irəli deyirəm…

Mustafa Müseyiboğlunun anım günüdür

Mustafa Müseyiboğlunun anım günüdür

Bu gün – 29 dekabr – Mustafa Müseyiboğlunun anım günüdür. O, 1 dekabr 1952 – ci ildə Ağdam rayonu Yusifcanlı (Novruzlu sovetliyi) kəndində anadan olmuş, 29 dekabr 2018 – ci ildə Bakı şəhərində vəfat etmişdir. Ağdam rayonu Yusifcalı kəndinin II Qəbiristanlığında (1993-cü ildən sonra Qarqar çayının Əfətli kəndi tərəf sahilində salınmış qəbiristanlıq) dəfn olunub. Allah rəhmət eləsin. Ruhu şad…

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Mustafa Müseyiboğlunun doğum günüdür

Mustafa Müseyiboğlunun doğum günüdür

Bu gün Mustafa Müseyiboğlunun doğum günüdür. O, 1 dekabr 1952 – ci ildə Ağdam rayonu Yusifcanlı (Novruzlu sovetliyi) kəndində anadan olmuş, 29 dekabr 2018 – ci ildə Bakı şəhərində vəfat etmişdir. Ağdam rayonu Yusifcalı kəndinin II Qəbiristanlığında (1993-cü ildən sonra Qarqar çayının Əfətli kəndi tərəf sahilində salınmış qəbiristanlıq) dəfn olunub. Allah rəhmət eləsin. Ruhu şad olsun. Amin.

YA…

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