Fwd: Re-Report Tabernacle (Mishkan) @ Stonehenge Heelstone (1960)
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Re-Report Tabernacle (Mishkan) @ Stonehenge Heelstone (1960)
Re-Report Tabernacle (Mishkan) @ Stonehenge Heelstone (1960)
_________________________________________
THE COMPLETE HISTORY OF STONEHENGE EXCAVATIONS
1611. King James VI and I investigated Stonehenge to see "The stone which
the builders refused", "The stone which the builders reiected", and "the
stone which the builders disallowed".
King James Version: 1611
1616. Doctor William Harvey, Gilbert North, and Inigo Jones find horns of
stags and oxen, coals, charcoals, batter-dashers, heads of arrows, pieces
of rusted armour, rotten bones, thuribulum (censer) pottery, and a large
nail.
Long, William, 1876, Stonehenge and its Barrows. The Wiltshire
Archaeological and Natural History Magazine, Volume 16
1620. George Villiers, 1st Duke of Buckingham, dug a large hole in the
ground at the center of Stonehenge looking for buried treasure. (Diary)
1633-52. Inigo Jones conducted the first 'scientific' surveys of
Stonehenge.
Jones, I, and Webb, J, 1655, The most notable antiquity of Great Britain
vulgarly called Stone-Heng on Salisbury plain. London: J Flesher for D
Pakeman and L Chapman
1640. Sir Lawrence Washington, knight, owner of Stonehenge, fished around
Bear's Stone (named after Washington's hound dog). Bear's Stone profile
portrait a local 17th century attraction. (G-Diary)
The Wiltshire Archaeological and Natural History Magazine, Volumes 15-16
1652. Reverend Lawrence Washington, heir of Stonehenge, commissions Doctor
Garry Denke to dig below Bear's Stone, reveals lion, calf (ox), face as a
man, flying eagle, bear (dog), leopard, and hidden relics. Bear's Stone
(96) renamed Hele 'to conceal, cover, hide'. (G-Diary)
1653-6. Doctor Garry Denke auger cored below Hele Stone 'The stone which
the builders rejected' on various occasions. Gold, silver, brass, iron,
wood, bone, concrete discovered at 1-1/3 'yardsticks' (under flying eagle).
Elizabeth Washington, heir of Stonehenge.
Denke, G, 1699, G-Diary (German to English by Erodelphian Literary Society
of Sigma Chi Fraternity). GDG, 1-666
1666. John Aubrey surveyed Stonehenge and made a 'Review'. Described the
Avenue's prehistoric pits. (the 'Aubrey Holes' discovered by Hawley, not
Aubrey).
Aubrey, J, 1693 (edited by J Fowles 1982), Monumenta Britannica. Sherborne,
Dorset: Dorset Publishing Co
1716. Thomas Hayward, owner of Stonehenge, dug heads of oxen and other
beasts. (Diary)
1721-4. William Stukeley surveyed and excavated Stonehenge and its field
monuments. Surveyed the Avenue in 1721 extending beyond Stonehenge Bottom
to King Barrow Ridge. Surveyed the Cursus in 1723 and excavated.
Stukeley, W, 1740, Stonehenge: a temple restor'd to the British druids.
London: W Innys and R Manby
1757. Benjamin Franklin observes the Hele Stone (96) "Seven Heads": lion,
calf (ox), face as a man, flying eagle, bear (dog), leopard, and sardine;
"Ten Horns": Altar of Burnt Offering (4 horns), Altar of Incense (4 horns),
and Torah scroll (2 horns); and all of the other 'hidden' relics buried
there. (Diary)
1798. Sir Richard Hoare and William Cunnington dug at Stonehenge under the
fallen Slaughter Stone 95 and under fallen Stones 56 and 57.
The Ancient History of Wiltshire, Volume 1, 1812
1805-10. William Cunnington dug at Stonehenge on various occasions.
Cunnington, W, 1884, Guide to the stones of Stonehenge. Devizes: Bull
Printer
1839. Captain Beamish excavated within Stonehenge. (Diary)
1874-7. Professor Flinders Petrie produced a plan of Stonehenge and
numbered the stones.
Petrie, W M F, 1880, Stonehenge: plans, description, and theories. London:
Edward Stanford
1877. Charles Darwin digs at Stonehenge to study 'Sinking of great Stones
through the Action of Worms'.
Darwin, Charles, 1881, The Formation of Vegetable Mould, Through the Action
of Worms, with Observations on Their Habits. London: John Murray
1886. Kaiser Wilhelm Society founder 33° mason Friedrich Wilhelm Denke confirmed with his auger drilled core samples (under bear, leopard and calf) Gold, silver, brass, iron, wood, bone and concrete 4 feet (1.2 meter) beneath Stonehenge Hele Stone base. (FW-Diary)
1901. Professor William Gowland meticulously recorded and excavated around
stone number 56 at Stonehenge.
Gowland, W, 1902, Recent excavations at Stonehenge. Archaeologia, 58, 37-82
1919-26. Colonel William Hawley extensively excavated in advance of
restoration programmes at Stonehenge for the Office of Works and later for
the Society of Antiquaries. Hawley excavated ditch sections of the Avenue,
conducted an investigation of the Slaughter Stone and other stones at
Stonehenge, and discovered the 'Aubrey Holes' (misnamed) through
excavation.
Hawley, W, 1921, Stonehenge: interim report on the exploration.
Antiquaries Journal, 1, 19-41
Hawley, W, 1922, Second report on the excavations at Stonehenge.
Antiquaries Journal, 2, 36-52
Hawley, W, 1923, Third report on the excavations at Stonehenge.
Antiquaries Journal, 3, 13-20
Hawley, W, 1924, Fourth report on the excavations at Stonehenge, 1922.
Antiquaries Journal, 4, 30-9
Hawley, W, 1925, Report on the excavations at Stonehenge during the season
of 1923.
Antiquaries Journal, 5, 21-50
Hawley, W, 1926, Report on the excavations at Stonehenge during the season
of 1924.
Antiquaries Journal, 6, 1-25
Hawley, W, 1928, Report on the excavations at Stonehenge during 1925 and
1926.
Antiquaries Journal, 8, 149-76
(Diary)
Pitts, M, Bayliss, A, McKinley, J, Boylston, A, Budd, P, Evans, J, Chenery,
C, Reynolds, A, and Semple, S, 2002, An Anglo-Saxon decapitation and burial
at Stonehenge. Wiltshire Archaeological and Natural History Magazine, 95,
131-46
1929. Robert Newall excavated Stone 36.
Newall, R S, 1929, Stonehenge. Antiquity, 3, 75-88
Newall, R S, 1929, Stonehenge, the recent excavations.
Wiltshire Archaeological and Natural History Magazine, 44, 348-59
1935. Young, W E V, The Stonehenge car park excavation. (Diary)
1950. Robert Newall excavated Stone 66.
Newall, R S, 1952, Stonehenge stone no. 66. Antiquaries Journal, 32, 65-7
1952. Robert Newall excavated Stones 71 and 72. (Diary)
1950-64. A major campaign of excavations by Richard Atkinson, Stuart
Piggott, and Marcus Stone involving the re-excavation of some of Hawley=E2=
=80=99s
trenches as well as previously undisturbed areas within Stonehenge.
Atkinson, R J C, Piggott, S, and Stone, J F S, 1952, The excavations of two
additional holes at Stonehenge, and new evidence for the date of the
monument. Antiquaries Journal, 32, 14-20
Atkinson, R J C, 1956, Stonehenge. London. Penguin Books in association
with Hamish Hamilton. (second revised edition 1979: Penguin Books)
1966. Faith and Lance Vatcher excavated 3 Mesolithic Stonehenge postholes.
Vatcher, F de M and Vatcher, H L, 1973, Excavation of three postholes in
Stonehenge car park. Wiltshire Archaeological and Natural History Magazine,
68, 57-63
1968. Faith and Lance Vatcher dug geophone and floodlight cable trenches.
(Diary)
1974. Garry Denke and Ralph Ferdinand set out to confirm Sir Lawrence
Washington, knight and Reverend Lawrence Washington's revelation (G-Diary).
Auger cores 1.2m (4ft) below Heel Stone 96 (under face as a man). Gold,
silver, brass, iron, wood, bone, concrete confirmed. No coal in cores.
Stonehenge Free Festival.
Denke, G W, 1974, Stonehenge Phase I: An Open-pit Coalfield Model; The
First Geologic Mining School (Indiana University of Pennsylvania). GDG, 74,
1-56
1978. John Evans re-excavated a 1954 cutting through the Stonehenge ditch
and bank to take samples for snail analysis and radiocarbon dating. A
well-preserved human burial lay within the ditch fill. Three fine flint
arrowheads were found amongst the bones, with a fourth embedded in the
sternum.
Atkinson, R J C and Evans, J G, 1978, Recent excavations at Stonehenge.
Antiquity, 52, 235-6
Evans, J G, 1984, Stonehenge: the environment in the late Neolithic and
early Bronze Age, and a Beaker burial. Wiltshire Archaeological and Natural
History Magazine, 78, 7-30
(Diary)
Alexander Thorn and Richard Atkinson. NE side of Station Stone 94. (Diary)
1979-80. George Smith excavated in the Stonehenge car park on behalf of the
Central Excavation Unit.
Smith, G, 1980, Excavations in Stonehenge car park. Wiltshire
Archaeological and Natural History Magazine, 74/75 (1979-80), 181
(Diary)
Mike Pitts excavated along south side of A344 in advance of cable-laying
and pipe-trenching. In 1979, discovered the Heel Stone 97 original pit (96
original Altar Stone pit). Survey along the Avenue course identified more
pits. In 1980, excavated beside the A344 and discovered a stone floor (a
complete prehistoric artifact assemblage retained from the monument).
Pitts, M W, 1982, On the road to Stonehenge: Report on investigations
beside the A344 in 1968, 1979, and 1980. Proceedings of the Prehistoric
Society, 48, 75-132
1981. The Central Excavation Unit excavated in advance of the construction
of the footpath through Stonehenge.
Bond, D, 1983, An excavation at Stonehenge, 1981. Wiltshire Archaeological
and Natural History Magazine, 77, 39-43.
1984. Garry Denke (and Hells Angels) seismic survey. Auger cores 1.2m (4ft)
below Heel Stone 96 (under lion head). Gold, silver, brass, iron, wood,
bone, concrete reconfirmed. No coal in cores. Stonehenge Free Festival.
Denke, G, 1984, Magnetic and Electromagnetic Surveys at Heelstone,
Stonehenge, United Kingdom (Indiana University of Pennsylvania). GDG, 84,
1-42
1990-6. A series of assessments and field evaluations in advance of the
Stonehenge Conservation and Management Programme.
Darvill, T C, 1997, Stonehenge Conservation and Management Programme: a
summary of archaeological assessments and field evaluations undertaken
1990-1996. London: English Heritage
1994. Wessex Archaeology. Limited Auger Survey.
Cleal, R M J, Walker, K E, and Montague, R, 1995, Stonehenge and its
landscape: twentieth-century excavations (English Heritage Archaeological
Report 10). London: English Heritage.
2008. Timothy Darvill and Geoffrey Wainwright set out to date the
construction of the Double Bluestone Circle at Stonehenge and to chart the
history of the Bluestones, and their use.
Darvill, T, and Wainwright, G, 2008, Stonehenge excavations 2008. The
Antiquaries Journal, Volume 89, September 2009, 1-19
(Diary)
Mike Parker Pearson, Julian Richards, and Mike Pitts further the excavation
of 'Aubrey Hole' 7 discovered by William Hawley, 1920.
Willis, C, Marshall, P, McKinley, J, Pitts, M, Pollard, J, Richards, C,
Richards, J, Thomas, J, Waldron, T, Welham, K, and Parker Pearson, M, 2016,
The dead of Stonehenge. Antiquity, Volume 90, Issue 350, April 2016,
337-356
2012-3. Stonehenge A344 road excavated and removed. (Diary)
_________________________________________
HISTORICAL TIMELINE OF CONCRETE
9600 BC
Gobekli Tepe terrazzo floors (enclosure B layer III) and rectangular
buildings of layer II. Mesolithic to Neolithic type of concrete in Anatolia
(western Asia), constructed of burnt lime and clay, with aggregate.
6500 BC
Nabataean geopolymer type of Stone age concrete in Syria, permanent heating
and cooking fire pits. Primitive form of calcining on exterior faces of
limestone rocks lining the fire pits.
5600 BC
The earliest concrete yet discovered in Europe was developed along the
Danube River in Yugoslavia. Stone age hunters or fishermen mixed red lime,
sand, gravel and water.
4400 BC
Stonehenge builders mixed Ancient concrete, pulverized Bluestone volcanic
ash and tuff (Pozzolan) together with crushed in situ Calcium carbonate
(CaCO3) lime.
3000 BC
Chinese used cementitious materials to hold bamboo together in their boats
and in the Great Wall. The Chinese used concrete in Gansu Province in
northwest China.
2500 BC
Egyptians mixed mud with straw to bind dried bricks. Also furthered the
discovery of lime and gypsum mortar as a binding agent for building the
Pyramids.
800 BC
Babylonians and Assyrians used a bitumen to bind stone and bricks. This
allowed them to combine both large and small stone objects together.
601 BC
Stonehenge Altar of Burnt Offering (containing 7 gold relics) Topfill, 0.4
metre of pulverized Bluestone (volcanic ash and tuff) aggregate and lime,
3.7 metre Southeast of Heel Stone (under Anatolia's olivine-rich Altar
Stone base).
600 BC
Greeks discovered a natural Pozzolan on Santorini Island that developed
hydraulic properties when mixed with lime. This made it possible to produce
concrete that would harden under water, as well as in the air.
400 BC
Petra (Greek, "city of rock"), also known as Sila, ancient city of Arabia
(now southwestern Jordan). The stronghold and treasure city of the
Nabataeans, an Arab people.
300 BC
Romans used slaked lime and volcanic ash (Pozzolan), found near Pozzouli,
Italy by the bay of Naples. Pliny the Elder reported a mortar mixture of 1
part lime to 4 parts sand. Vitruvius reported 2 parts of Pozzolan to 1 part
lime.
193 BC
Porticus Aemilia made of bound stones to form concrete.
75 BC
Romans use a pozzolanic, hydraulic cement to build the theater at Pompeii
and the Roman baths. The cement was a ground mix of lime and a volcanic ash
containing silica and alumina.
44 BC
Palatine Hill (Latin: Palatium), the centermost of the 7 hills of Rome, one
of the most ancient parts of the city of Rome, Italy. It is some 70 metre
high.
25 BC
Ancient harbor at Caesarea, Israel built by Herod the Great.
AD 24
Stonehenge Altar of Burnt Offering (containing 7 gold relics) Backfill, 1.6
metre of pulverized Bluestone (volcanic ash and tuff) aggregate and lime,
1.2 to 2.8 metre below Heel Stone base. Eastern bottom of Scroll Trench.
_________________________________________
Re-Report Tabernacle (Mishkan) @ Stonehenge Heelstone (1960)
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<div dir=3D"ltr"><div dir=3D"ltr"><span style=3D"font-family:Verdana;font-s=
ize:12px;line-height:18px">Re-Report Tabernacle (Mishkan) @ Stonehenge Heel=
stone (1960)</span><br><br><div class=3D"gmail_quote"><div dir=3D"ltr" clas=
s=3D"gmail_attr">---------- Forwarded message ---------<br>From: <strong cl=
ass=3D"gmail_sendername" dir=3D"auto">Jesus Christ</strong> <span dir=3D"au=
to"><<a href=3D"mailto:
[email protected]">
[email protected]<=
/a>></span><br>Date: Wed, Jul 10, 2019 at 9:41 AM<br>Subject: Re-Report =
Tabernacle (Mishkan) @ Stonehenge Heelstone (1960)<br>To: <<a href=3D"m=
ailto:
[email protected]">
[email protected]<=
/a>><br>Cc: <<a href=3D"mailto:
[email protected]">chi=
[email protected]</a>><br></div><br><div><div style=3D"font-=
family:Verdana;font-size:12px"><div>Re-Report Tabernacle (Mishkan) @ Stoneh=
enge Heelstone (1960)=C2=A0</div>
<div>_________________________________________=C2=A0<br>
<br>
THE COMPLETE HISTORY OF STONEHENGE EXCAVATIONS=C2=A0<br>
<br>
1611. King James VI and I investigated Stonehenge to see "The stone wh=
ich the builders refused", "The stone which the builders reiected=
", and "the stone which the builders disallowed".=C2=A0<br>
King James Version: 1611=C2=A0<br>
<br>
1616. Doctor William Harvey, Gilbert North, and Inigo Jones find horns of s=
tags and oxen, coals, charcoals, batter-dashers, heads of arrows, pieces of=
rusted armour, rotten bones, thuribulum (censer) pottery, and a large nail=
.=C2=A0<br>
Long, William, 1876, Stonehenge and its Barrows. The Wiltshire Archaeologic=
al and Natural History Magazine, Volume 16=C2=A0<br>
<br>
1620. George Villiers, 1st Duke of Buckingham, dug a large hole in the grou=
nd at the center of Stonehenge looking for buried treasure. (Diary)=C2=A0<b=
r>
<br>
1633-52. Inigo Jones conducted the first 'scientific' surveys of St=
onehenge.=C2=A0<br>
Jones, I, and Webb, J, 1655, The most notable antiquity of Great Britain vu=
lgarly called Stone-Heng on Salisbury plain. London: J Flesher for D Pakema=
n and L Chapman=C2=A0<br>
<br>
1640. Sir Lawrence Washington, knight, owner of Stonehenge, fished around B=
ear's Stone (named after Washington's hound dog). Bear's Stone =
profile portrait a local 17th century attraction. (G-Diary)=C2=A0<br>
The Wiltshire Archaeological and Natural History Magazine, Volumes 15-16=C2=
=A0<br>
<br>
1652. Reverend Lawrence Washington, heir of Stonehenge, commissions Doctor =
Garry Denke to dig below Bear's Stone, reveals lion, calf (ox), face as=
a man, flying eagle, bear (dog), leopard, and hidden relics. Bear's St=
one (96) renamed Hele 'to conceal, cover, hide'. (G-Diary)=C2=A0<br=
>
<br>
1653-6. Doctor Garry Denke auger cored below Hele Stone 'The stone whic=
h the builders rejected' on various occasions. Gold, silver, brass, iro=
n, wood, bone, concrete discovered at 1-1/3 'yardsticks' (under fly=
ing eagle). Elizabeth Washington, heir of Stonehenge.=C2=A0<br>
Denke, G, 1699, G-Diary (German to English by Erodelphian Literary Society =
of Sigma Chi Fraternity). GDG, 1-666=C2=A0<br>
<br>
1666. John Aubrey surveyed Stonehenge and made a 'Review'. Describe=
d the Avenue's prehistoric pits. (the 'Aubrey Holes' discovered=
by Hawley, not Aubrey).=C2=A0<br>
Aubrey, J, 1693 (edited by J Fowles 1982), Monumenta Britannica. Sherborne,=
Dorset: Dorset Publishing Co=C2=A0<br>
<br>
1716. Thomas Hayward, owner of Stonehenge, dug heads of oxen and other beas=
ts. (Diary)=C2=A0<br>
<br>
1721-4. William Stukeley surveyed and excavated Stonehenge and its field mo=
numents. Surveyed the Avenue in 1721 extending beyond Stonehenge Bottom to =
King Barrow Ridge. Surveyed the Cursus in 1723 and excavated.=C2=A0<br>
Stukeley, W, 1740, Stonehenge: a temple restor'd to the British druids.=
London: W Innys and R Manby=C2=A0<br>
<br>
1757. Benjamin Franklin observes the Hele Stone (96) "Seven Heads"=
;: lion, calf (ox), face as a man, flying eagle, bear (dog), leopard, and s=
ardine; "Ten Horns": Altar of Burnt Offering (4 horns), Altar of =
Incense (4 horns), and Torah scroll (2 horns); and all of the other 'hi=
dden' relics buried there. (Diary)=C2=A0<br>
<br>
1798. Sir Richard Hoare and William Cunnington dug at Stonehenge under the =
fallen Slaughter Stone 95 and under fallen Stones 56 and 57.=C2=A0<br>
The Ancient History of Wiltshire, Volume 1, 1812=C2=A0<br>
<br>
1805-10. William Cunnington dug at Stonehenge on various occasions.=C2=A0<b=
r>
Cunnington, W, 1884, Guide to the stones of Stonehenge. Devizes: Bull Print=
er=C2=A0<br>
<br>
1839. Captain Beamish excavated within Stonehenge. (Diary)=C2=A0<br>
<br>
1874-7. Professor Flinders Petrie produced a plan of Stonehenge and numbere=
d the stones.=C2=A0<br>
Petrie, W M F, 1880, Stonehenge: plans, description, and theories. London: =
Edward Stanford=C2=A0<br>
<br>
1877. Charles Darwin digs at Stonehenge to study 'Sinking of great Ston=
es through the Action of Worms'.=C2=A0<br>
Darwin, Charles, 1881, The Formation of Vegetable Mould, Through the Action=
of Worms, with Observations on Their Habits. London: John Murray=C2=A0<br>
<br>
1901. Professor William Gowland meticulously recorded and excavated around =
stone number 56 at Stonehenge.=C2=A0<br>
Gowland, W, 1902, Recent excavations at Stonehenge. Archaeologia, 58, 37-82=
=C2=A0<br>
<br>
1919-26. Colonel William Hawley extensively excavated in advance of restora=
tion programmes at Stonehenge for the Office of Works and later for the Soc=
iety of Antiquaries. Hawley excavated ditch sections of the Avenue, conduct=
ed an investigation of the Slaughter Stone and other stones at Stonehenge, =
and discovered the 'Aubrey Holes' (misnamed) through excavation.=C2=
=A0<br>
Hawley, W, 1921, Stonehenge: interim report on the exploration.=C2=A0<br>
Antiquaries Journal, 1, 19-41=C2=A0<br>
Hawley, W, 1922, Second report on the excavations at Stonehenge.=C2=A0<br>
Antiquaries Journal, 2, 36-52=C2=A0<br>
Hawley, W, 1923, Third report on the excavations at Stonehenge.=C2=A0<br>
Antiquaries Journal, 3, 13-20=C2=A0<br>
Hawley, W, 1924, Fourth report on the excavations at Stonehenge, 1922.=C2=
=A0<br>
Antiquaries Journal, 4, 30-9=C2=A0<br>
Hawley, W, 1925, Report on the excavations at Stonehenge during the season =
of 1923.=C2=A0<br>
Antiquaries Journal, 5, 21-50=C2=A0<br>
Hawley, W, 1926, Report on the excavations at Stonehenge during the season =
of 1924.=C2=A0<br>
Antiquaries Journal, 6, 1-25=C2=A0<br>
Hawley, W, 1928, Report on the excavations at Stonehenge during 1925 and 19=
26.=C2=A0<br>
Antiquaries Journal, 8, 149-76=C2=A0<br>
(Diary)=C2=A0<br>
Pitts, M, Bayliss, A, McKinley, J, Boylston, A, Budd, P, Evans, J, Chenery,=
C, Reynolds, A, and Semple, S, 2002, An Anglo-Saxon decapitation and buria=
l at Stonehenge. Wiltshire Archaeological and Natural History Magazine, 95,=
131-46=C2=A0<br>
<br>
1929. Robert Newall excavated Stone 36.=C2=A0<br>
Newall, R S, 1929, Stonehenge. Antiquity, 3, 75-88=C2=A0<br>
Newall, R S, 1929, Stonehenge, the recent excavations.=C2=A0<br>
Wiltshire Archaeological and Natural History Magazine, 44, 348-59=C2=A0<br>
<br>
1935. Young, W E V, The Stonehenge car park excavation. (Diary)=C2=A0<br>
<br>
1950. Robert Newall excavated Stone 66.=C2=A0<br>
Newall, R S, 1952, Stonehenge stone no. 66. Antiquaries Journal, 32, 65-7=
=C2=A0<br>
<br>
1952. Robert Newall excavated Stones 71 and 72. (Diary)=C2=A0<br>
<br>
1950-64. A major campaign of excavations by Richard Atkinson, Stuart Piggot=
t, and Marcus Stone involving the re-excavation of some of Hawley=E2=80=99s=
trenches as well as previously undisturbed areas within Stonehenge.=C2=A0<=
br>
Atkinson, R J C, Piggott, S, and Stone, J F S, 1952, The excavations of two=
additional holes at Stonehenge, and new evidence for the date of the monum=
ent. Antiquaries Journal, 32, 14-20=C2=A0<br>
Atkinson, R J C, 1956, Stonehenge. London. Penguin Books in association wit=
h Hamish Hamilton. (second revised edition 1979: Penguin Books)=C2=A0<br>
<br>
1966. Faith and Lance Vatcher excavated 3 Mesolithic Stonehenge postholes.=
=C2=A0<br>
Vatcher, F de M and Vatcher, H L, 1973, Excavation of three postholes in St=
onehenge car park. Wiltshire Archaeological and Natural History Magazine, 6=
8, 57-63=C2=A0<br>
<br>
1968. Faith and Lance Vatcher dug geophone and floodlight cable trenches. (=
Diary)=C2=A0<br>
<br>
1974. Garry Denke and Ralph Ferdinand set out to confirm Sir Lawrence Washi=
ngton, knight and Reverend Lawrence Washington's revelation (G-Diary). =
Auger cores 1.2m (4ft) below Heel Stone 96 (under face as a man). Gold, sil=
ver, brass, iron, wood, bone, concrete confirmed. No coal in cores. Stonehe=
nge Free Festival.=C2=A0<br>
Denke, G W, 1974, Stonehenge Phase I: An Open-pit Coalfield Model; The Firs=
t Geologic Mining School (Indiana University of Pennsylvania). GDG, 74, 1-5=
6=C2=A0<br>
<br>
1978. John Evans re-excavated a 1954 cutting through the Stonehenge ditch a=
nd bank to take samples for snail analysis and radiocarbon dating. A well-p=
reserved human burial lay within the ditch fill. Three fine flint arrowhead=
s were found amongst the bones, with a fourth embedded in the sternum.=C2=
=A0<br>
Atkinson, R J C and Evans, J G, 1978, Recent excavations at Stonehenge. Ant=
iquity, 52, 235-6=C2=A0<br>
Evans, J G, 1984, Stonehenge: the environment in the late Neolithic and ear=
ly Bronze Age, and a Beaker burial. Wiltshire Archaeological and Natural Hi=
story Magazine, 78, 7-30=C2=A0<br>
(Diary)=C2=A0<br>
Alexander Thorn and Richard Atkinson. NE side of Station Stone 94. (Diary)=
=C2=A0<br>
<br>
1979-80. George Smith excavated in the Stonehenge car park on behalf of the=
Central Excavation Unit.=C2=A0<br>
Smith, G, 1980, Excavations in Stonehenge car park. Wiltshire Archaeologica=
l and Natural History Magazine, 74/75 (1979-80), 181=C2=A0<br>
(Diary)=C2=A0<br>
Mike Pitts excavated along south side of A344 in advance of cable-laying an=
d pipe-trenching. In 1979, discovered the Heel Stone 97 original pit (96 or=
iginal Altar Stone pit). Survey along the Avenue course identified more pit=
s. In 1980, excavated beside the A344 and discovered a stone floor (a compl=
ete prehistoric artifact assemblage retained from the monument).=C2=A0<br>
Pitts, M W, 1982, On the road to Stonehenge: Report on investigations besid=
e the A344 in 1968, 1979, and 1980. Proceedings of the Prehistoric Society,=
48, 75-132=C2=A0<br>
<br>
1981. The Central Excavation Unit excavated in advance of the construction =
of the footpath through Stonehenge.=C2=A0<br>
Bond, D, 1983, An excavation at Stonehenge, 1981. Wiltshire Archaeological =
and Natural History Magazine, 77, 39-43.=C2=A0<br>
<br>
1984. Garry Denke (and Hells Angels) seismic survey. Auger cores 1.2m (4ft)=
below Heel Stone 96 (under lion head). Gold, silver, brass, iron, wood, bo=
ne, concrete reconfirmed. No coal in cores. Stonehenge Free Festival.=C2=A0=
<br>
Denke, G, 1984, Magnetic and Electromagnetic Surveys at Heelstone, Stonehen=
ge, United Kingdom (Indiana University of Pennsylvania). GDG, 84, 1-42=C2=
=A0<br>
<br>
1990-6. A series of assessments and field evaluations in advance of the Sto=
nehenge Conservation and Management Programme.=C2=A0<br>
Darvill, T C, 1997, Stonehenge Conservation and Management Programme: a sum=
mary of archaeological assessments and field evaluations undertaken 1990-19=
96. London: English Heritage=C2=A0<br>
<br>
1994. Wessex Archaeology. Limited Auger Survey.=C2=A0<br>
Cleal, R M J, Walker, K E, and Montague, R, 1995, Stonehenge and its landsc=
ape: twentieth-century excavations (English Heritage Archaeological Report =
10). London: English Heritage.=C2=A0<br>
<br>
2008. Timothy Darvill and Geoffrey Wainwright set out to date the construct=
ion of the Double Bluestone Circle at Stonehenge and to chart the history o=
f the Bluestones, and their use.=C2=A0<br>
Darvill, T, and Wainwright, G, 2008, Stonehenge excavations 2008. The Antiq=
uaries Journal, Volume 89, September 2009, 1-19=C2=A0<br>
(Diary)=C2=A0<br>
Mike Parker Pearson, Julian Richards, and Mike Pitts further the excavation=
of 'Aubrey Hole' 7 discovered by William Hawley, 1920.=C2=A0<br>
Willis, C, Marshall, P, McKinley, J, Pitts, M, Pollard, J, Richards, C, Ric=
hards, J, Thomas, J, Waldron, T, Welham, K, and Parker Pearson, M, 2016, Th=
e dead of Stonehenge. Antiquity, Volume 90, Issue 350, April 2016, 337-356=
=C2=A0<br>
<br>
2012-3. Stonehenge A344 road excavated and removed. (Diary)=C2=A0<br>
_________________________________________=C2=A0<br>
<br>
HISTORICAL TIMELINE OF CONCRETE=C2=A0<br>
<br>
9600 BC=C2=A0<br>
Gobekli Tepe terrazzo floors (enclosure B layer III) and rectangular buildi=
ngs of layer II. Mesolithic to Neolithic type of concrete in Anatolia (west=
ern Asia), constructed of burnt lime and clay, with aggregate.=C2=A0<br>
6500 BC=C2=A0<br>
Nabataean geopolymer type of Stone age concrete in Syria, permanent heating=
and cooking fire pits. Primitive form of calcining on exterior faces of li=
mestone rocks lining the fire pits.=C2=A0<br>
5600 BC=C2=A0<br>
The earliest concrete yet discovered in Europe was developed along the Danu=
be River in Yugoslavia. Stone age hunters or fishermen mixed red lime, sand=
, gravel and water.=C2=A0<br>
4400 BC=C2=A0<br>
Stonehenge builders mixed Ancient concrete, pulverized Bluestone volcanic a=
sh and tuff (Pozzolan) together with crushed in situ Calcium carbonate (CaC=
O3) lime.=C2=A0<br>
3000 BC=C2=A0<br>
Chinese used cementitious materials to hold bamboo together in their boats =
and in the Great Wall. The Chinese used concrete in Gansu Province in north=
west China.=C2=A0<br>
2500 BC=C2=A0<br>
Egyptians mixed mud with straw to bind dried bricks. Also furthered the dis=
covery of lime and gypsum mortar as a binding agent for building the Pyrami=
ds.=C2=A0<br>
800 BC=C2=A0<br>
Babylonians and Assyrians used a bitumen to bind stone and bricks. This all=
owed them to combine both large and small stone objects together.=C2=A0<br>
601 BC=C2=A0<br>
Stonehenge Altar of Burnt Offering (containing 7 gold relics) Topfill, 0.4 =
metre of pulverized Bluestone (volcanic ash and tuff) aggregate and lime, 3=
.7 metre Southeast of Heel Stone (under Anatolia's olivine-rich Altar S=
tone base).=C2=A0<br>
600 BC=C2=A0<br>
Greeks discovered a natural Pozzolan on Santorini Island that developed hyd=
raulic properties when mixed with lime. This made it possible to produce co=
ncrete that would harden under water, as well as in the air.=C2=A0<br>
400 BC=C2=A0<br>
Petra (Greek, "city of rock"), also known as Sila, ancient city o=
f Arabia (now southwestern Jordan). The stronghold and treasure city of the=
Nabataeans, an Arab people.=C2=A0<br>
300 BC=C2=A0<br>
Romans used slaked lime and volcanic ash (Pozzolan), found near Pozzouli, I=
taly by the bay of Naples. Pliny the Elder reported a mortar mixture of 1 p=
art lime to 4 parts sand. Vitruvius reported 2 parts of Pozzolan to 1 part =
lime.=C2=A0<br>
193 BC=C2=A0<br>
Porticus Aemilia made of bound stones to form concrete.=C2=A0<br>
75 BC=C2=A0<br>
Romans use a pozzolanic, hydraulic cement to build the theater at Pompeii a=
nd the Roman baths. The cement was a ground mix of lime and a volcanic ash =
containing silica and alumina.=C2=A0<br>
44 BC=C2=A0<br>
Palatine Hill (Latin: Palatium), the centermost of the 7 hills of Rome, one=
of the most ancient parts of the city of Rome, Italy. It is some 70 metre =
high.=C2=A0<br>
25 BC=C2=A0<br>
Ancient harbor at Caesarea, Israel built by Herod the Great.=C2=A0<br>
AD 24=C2=A0<br>
Stonehenge Altar of Burnt Offering (containing 7 gold relics) Backfill, 1.6=
metre of pulverized Bluestone (volcanic ash and tuff) aggregate and lime, =
1.2 to 2.8 metre below Heel Stone base. Eastern bottom of Scroll Trench.=C2=
=A0<br>
_________________________________________=C2=A0</div>
<div>=C2=A0</div>
<div>Re-Report Tabernacle (Mishkan) @ Stonehenge Heelstone (1960)=C2=A0</di=
v></div></div>
</div></div></div>
--000000000000d998cf058d56a3c0--
0 notes
Tribute to Ralph John Ferdinand (1955-2006) Killed 12th February 2006 by Elizabeth Alexandra Mary Windsor.
for Ralphy Raoul Wally
by G. Willy Wally
https://garry-denke.blogspot.com/
https://helestone.wordpress.com/
Dear Jennifer
Please tell Kate that I am sorry this is taking so long
I am firm on £24T, their £1T was 24 times too low
Thank you
G-D
Dear Bibi,
1T Pounds Sterling is not acceptable for My Mishkan,
the current Asking Price is 24T Pounds Sterling.
Thank you for your offer.
G-D
Acknowledgment of e-mail receipt CRM:0001005177
Prime Minister's Office <
[email protected]> Today at 12:27 AM
To
YHWH Allah
Message body
We acknowledge receipt of your e-mail to the Prime Minister's Office.
All e-mails are read, and where appropriate, you will receive a relevant reply.
Sincerely,
Prime Minister's Office – E-Correspondence
http://www.pmo.gov.il/English/PrimeMinister/Pages/ContactUs.aspx
---------- Forwarded message ----------
From: Garry Denke <
[email protected]>
Date: Fri, Jan 20, 2017 at 11:53 PM
Subject: Fwd: Stonehenge Dig History (for Mishkan)
To:
[email protected],
[email protected],
[email protected],
[email protected],
[email protected],
[email protected],
[email protected],
[email protected],
[email protected],
[email protected], Katherine Collins <
[email protected]>, Chris Constable <
[email protected]>, Chris Cumberpatch <
[email protected]>,
[email protected],
[email protected],
[email protected],
[email protected],
[email protected],
[email protected],
[email protected],
[email protected],
[email protected],
[email protected],
[email protected],
[email protected],
[email protected]
Cc:
[email protected],
[email protected],
[email protected],
[email protected],
[email protected],
[email protected],
[email protected],
[email protected],
[email protected],
[email protected],
[email protected],
[email protected],
[email protected],
[email protected]
20th January 2017
Re: Bibi's £1T Mishkan Offer
Dear President Trump
Congratulations! Thank you for your letters
Herewith where Negotiations are currently
£24T Asking Price Basis
http://www.nationaldebtclock.co.uk/
http://www.theusdebtclock.com/
Total £24T Asking Price
https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/1/13/British_one_penny_coin_2015_obverse.png
And not a Penny less
King George VI Freemasonry
https://groups.google.com/forum/#!topic/sci.archaeology/LZyumDzVQJw
King George VI Freemasonry
https://groups.google.com/forum/#!topic/uk.religion.pagan/PB10Q1ltuig
King George VI Freemasonry
https://groups.google.com/forum/#!topic/alt.religion.druid/CbIKNK1wTOc
King George VI Freemasonry
https://groups.google.com/forum/#!topic/alt.religion.wicca/PPnGgLoDMDs
Forget the Queen
http://biblehub.com/kjv/revelation/18-7.htm
She's a Whore
Git Diggin!
Albert Frederick Arthur George Saxe-Coburg and Gotha
Knights Templar: Knight Grand Cross of the Temple;
Supreme Council 33º Ancient and Accepted Rite
Let US get this Deal done quickly
Our 5.5km (3.42 mi) tunnel waits
G-D
---------- Forwarded message ----------
From: Garry Denke <
[email protected]>
Date: Fri, Jan 20, 2017 at 11:28 PM
Subject: Stonehenge Dig History (for Mishkan)
To:
[email protected],
[email protected],
[email protected],
[email protected],
[email protected],
[email protected],
[email protected],
[email protected],
[email protected],
[email protected],
[email protected],
[email protected],
[email protected],
[email protected],
[email protected],
[email protected],
[email protected],
[email protected],
[email protected],
[email protected],
[email protected]
Cc:
[email protected],
[email protected]
20th January 2017
Re: Stonehenge Dig History (for Mishkan)
Dear President Trump,
Congratulations! Thank you for all of your letters.
Herewith the subject History you requested.
If you need any further info let me know.
G-D
Emilia Laude Denke - Kaiser Wilhelm Society founder (1886) - cum Laude
Tabernacle Mishkan @ Stonehenge Heelstone
_________________________________________
THE COMPLETE HISTORY OF STONEHENGE EXCAVATIONS
1611. King James VI and I investigated Stonehenge to see "The stone which the builders refused", "The stone which the builders reiected", and "the stone which the builders disallowed".
King James Version: 1611
1616. Doctor William Harvey, Gilbert North, and Inigo Jones find horns of stags and oxen, coals, charcoals, batter-dashers, heads of arrows, pieces of rusted armour, rotten bones, thuribulum (censer) pottery, and a large nail.
Long, William, 1876, Stonehenge and its Barrows. The Wiltshire Archaeological and Natural History Magazine, Volume 16
1620. George Villiers, 1st Duke of Buckingham, dug a large hole in the ground at the center of Stonehenge looking for buried treasure. (Diary)
1633-52. Inigo Jones conducted the first 'scientific' surveys of Stonehenge.
Jones, I, and Webb, J, 1655, The most notable antiquity of Great Britain vulgarly called Stone-Heng on Salisbury plain. London: J Flesher for D Pakeman and L Chapman
1640. Sir Lawrence Washington, knight, owner of Stonehenge, fished around Bear's Stone (named after Washington's hound dog). Bear's Stone profile portrait a local 17th century attraction. (G-Diary)
The Wiltshire Archaeological and Natural History Magazine, Volumes 15-16
1652. Reverend Lawrence Washington, heir of Stonehenge, commissions Doctor Garry Denke to dig below Bear's Stone, reveals lion, calf (ox), face as a man, flying eagle, bear (dog), leopard, and hidden relics. Bear's Stone (96) renamed Hele 'to conceal, cover, hide'. (G-Diary)
1653-6. Doctor Garry Denke auger cored below Hele Stone 'The stone which the builders rejected' on various occasions. Gold, silver, brass, iron, wood, bone, concrete discovered at 1-1/3 'yardsticks' (under flying eagle). Elizabeth Washington, heir of Stonehenge.
Denke, G, 1699, G-Diary (German to English by Erodelphian Literary Society of Sigma Chi Fraternity). GDG, 1-666
1666. John Aubrey surveyed Stonehenge and made a 'Review'. Described the Avenue's prehistoric pits. (the 'Aubrey Holes' discovered by Hawley, not Aubrey).
Aubrey, J, 1693 (edited by J Fowles 1982), Monumenta Britannica. Sherborne, Dorset: Dorset Publishing Co
1716. Thomas Hayward, owner of Stonehenge, dug heads of oxen and other beasts. (Diary)
1721-4. William Stukeley surveyed and excavated Stonehenge and its field monuments. Surveyed the Avenue in 1721 extending beyond Stonehenge Bottom to King Barrow Ridge. Surveyed the Cursus in 1723 and excavated.
Stukeley, W, 1740, Stonehenge: a temple restor'd to the British druids. London: W Innys and R Manby
1757. Benjamin Franklin observes the Hele Stone (96) "Seven Heads": lion, calf (ox), face as a man, flying eagle, bear (dog), leopard, and sardine; "Ten Horns": Altar of Burnt Offering (4 horns), Altar of Incense (4 horns), and Torah scroll (2 horns); and all of the other 'hidden' relics buried there. (Diary)
1798. Sir Richard Hoare and William Cunnington dug at Stonehenge under the fallen Slaughter Stone 95 and under fallen Stones 56 and 57.
The Ancient History of Wiltshire, Volume 1, 1812
1805-10. William Cunnington dug at Stonehenge on various occasions.
Cunnington, W, 1884, Guide to the stones of Stonehenge. Devizes: Bull Printer
1839. Captain Beamish excavated within Stonehenge. (Diary)
1874-7. Professor Flinders Petrie produced a plan of Stonehenge and numbered the stones.
Petrie, W M F, 1880, Stonehenge: plans, description, and theories. London: Edward Stanford
1877. Charles Darwin digs at Stonehenge to study 'Sinking of great Stones through the Action of Worms'.
Darwin, Charles, 1881, The Formation of Vegetable Mould, Through the Action of Worms, with Observations on Their Habits. London: John Murray
1886. Kaiser Wilhelm Society founder 33° mason Friedrich Wilhelm Denke confirmed with his auger drilled core samples (under bear, leopard and calf) Gold, silver, brass, iron, wood, bone and concrete 4 feet (1.2 meter) beneath Stonehenge Hele Stone base. (FW-Diary)
1901. Professor William Gowland meticulously recorded and excavated around stone number 56 at Stonehenge.
Gowland, W, 1902, Recent excavations at Stonehenge. Archaeologia, 58, 37-82
1919-26. Colonel William Hawley extensively excavated in advance of restoration programmes at Stonehenge for the Office of Works and later for the Society of Antiquaries. Hawley excavated ditch sections of the Avenue, conducted an investigation of the Slaughter Stone and other stones at Stonehenge, and discovered the 'Aubrey Holes' (misnamed) through excavation.
Hawley, W, 1921, Stonehenge: interim report on the exploration. Antiquaries Journal, 1, 19-41
Hawley, W, 1922, Second report on the excavations at Stonehenge. Antiquaries Journal, 2, 36-52
Hawley, W, 1923, Third report on the excavations at Stonehenge. Antiquaries Journal, 3, 13-20
Hawley, W, 1924, Fourth report on the excavations at Stonehenge, 1922. Antiquaries Journal, 4, 30-39
Hawley, W, 1925, Report on the excavations at Stonehenge during the season of 1923. Antiquaries Journal, 5, 21-50
Hawley, W, 1926, Report on the excavations at Stonehenge during the season of 1924. Antiquaries Journal, 6, 1-25
Hawley, W, 1928, Report on the excavations at Stonehenge during 1925 and 1926. Antiquaries Journal, 8, 149-76
(Diary)
Pitts, M, Bayliss, A, McKinley, J, Boylston, A, Budd, P, Evans, J, Chenery, C, Reynolds, A, and Semple, S, 2002, An Anglo-Saxon decapitation and burial at Stonehenge. Wiltshire Archaeological and Natural History Magazine, 95, 131-46
1929. Robert Newall excavated Stone 36.
Newall, R S, 1929, Stonehenge. Antiquity, 3, 75-88
Newall, R S, 1929, Stonehenge, the recent excavations.
Wiltshire Archaeological and Natural History Magazine, 44, 348-59
1935. Young, W E V, The Stonehenge car park excavation. (Diary)
1950. Robert Newall excavated Stone 66.
Newall, R S, 1952, Stonehenge stone no. 66. Antiquaries Journal, 32, 65-7
1952. Robert Newall excavated Stones 71 and 72. (Diary)
1950-64. A major campaign of excavations by Richard Atkinson, Stuart Piggott, and Marcus Stone involving the re-excavation of some of Hawley’s trenches as well as previously undisturbed areas within Stonehenge.
Atkinson, R J C, Piggott, S, and Stone, J F S, 1952, The excavations of two additional holes at Stonehenge, and new evidence for the date of the monument. Antiquaries Journal, 32, 14-20
Atkinson, R J C, 1956, Stonehenge. London. Penguin Books in association with Hamish Hamilton. (second revised edition 1979: Penguin Books)
1966. Faith and Lance Vatcher excavated 3 Mesolithic Stonehenge postholes.
Vatcher, F de M and Vatcher, H L, 1973, Excavation of three postholes in Stonehenge car park. Wiltshire Archaeological and Natural History Magazine, 68, 57-63
1968. Faith and Lance Vatcher dug geophone and floodlight cable trenches. (Diary)
1974. Garry Denke and Ralph Ferdinand set out to confirm Sir Lawrence Washington, knight and Reverend Lawrence Washington's revelation (G-Diary). Auger cores 1.2m (4ft) below Heel Stone 96 (under face as a man). Gold, silver, brass, iron, wood, bone, concrete confirmed. No coal in cores. Stonehenge Free Festival.
Denke, G W, 1974, Stonehenge Phase I: An Open-pit Coalfield Model; The First Geologic Mining School (Indiana University of Pennsylvania). GDG, 74, 1-56
1978. John Evans re-excavated a 1954 cutting through the Stonehenge ditch and bank to take samples for snail analysis and radiocarbon dating. A well-preserved human burial lay within the ditch fill. Three fine flint arrowheads were found amongst the bones, with a fourth embedded in the sternum.
Atkinson, R J C and Evans, J G, 1978, Recent excavations at Stonehenge. Antiquity, 52, 235-6
Evans, J G, 1984, Stonehenge: the environment in the late Neolithic and early Bronze Age, and a Beaker burial. Wiltshire Archaeological and Natural History Magazine, 78, 7-30
(Diary)
Alexander Thorn and Richard Atkinson. NE side of Station Stone 94. (Diary)
1979-80. George Smith excavated in the Stonehenge car park on behalf of the Central Excavation Unit.
Smith, G, 1980, Excavations in Stonehenge car park. Wiltshire Archaeological and Natural History Magazine, 74/75 (1979-80), 181
(Diary)
Mike Pitts excavated along south side of A344 in advance of cable-laying and pipe-trenching. In 1979, discovered the Heel Stone 97 original pit (96 original Altar Stone pit). Survey along the Avenue course identified more pits. In 1980, excavated beside the A344 and discovered a stone floor (a complete prehistoric artifact assemblage retained from the monument).
Pitts, M W, 1982, On the road to Stonehenge: Report on investigations beside the A344 in 1968, 1979, and 1980. Proceedings of the Prehistoric Society, 48, 75-132
1981. The Central Excavation Unit excavated in advance of the construction of the footpath through Stonehenge.
Bond, D, 1983, An excavation at Stonehenge, 1981. Wiltshire Archaeological and Natural History Magazine, 77, 39-43.
1984. Garry Denke (and Hells Angels) seismic survey. Auger cores 1.2m (4ft) below Heel Stone 96 (under lion head). Gold, silver, brass, iron, wood, bone, concrete reconfirmed. No coal in cores. Stonehenge Free Festival.
Denke, G, 1984, Magnetic and Electromagnetic Surveys at Heelstone, Stonehenge, United Kingdom (Indiana University of Pennsylvania). GDG, 84, 1-42
1990-6. A series of assessments and field evaluations in advance of the Stonehenge Conservation and Management Programme.
Darvill, T C, 1997, Stonehenge Conservation and Management Programme: a summary of archaeological assessments and field evaluations undertaken 1990-1996. London: English Heritage
1994. Wessex Archaeology. Limited Auger Survey.
Cleal, R M J, Walker, K E, and Montague, R, 1995, Stonehenge and its landscape: twentieth-century excavations (English Heritage Archaeological Report 10). London: English Heritage.
2008. Timothy Darvill and Geoffrey Wainwright set out to date the construction of the Double Bluestone Circle at Stonehenge and to chart the history of the Bluestones, and their use.
Darvill, T, and Wainwright, G, 2008, Stonehenge excavations 2008. The Antiquaries Journal, Volume 89, September 2009, 1-19
(Diary)
Mike Parker Pearson, Julian Richards, and Mike Pitts further the excavation of 'Aubrey Hole' 7 discovered by William Hawley, 1920.
Willis, C, Marshall, P, McKinley, J, Pitts, M, Pollard, J, Richards, C, Richards, J, Thomas, J, Waldron, T, Welham, K, and Parker Pearson, M, 2016, The dead of Stonehenge. Antiquity, Volume 90, Issue 350, April 2016, 337-356
2012-3. Stonehenge A344 road excavated and removed. (Diary)
Friedrich Wilhelm Denke - Kaiser Wilhelm Society founder (1886) - cum Laude
Mishkan Tabernacle @ Stonehenge Heelstone
_________________________________________
THE HISTORICAL TIMELINE OF CONCRETE
9600 BC Gobekli Tepe terrazzo floors (enclosure B layer III) and rectangular buildings of layer II. Mesolithic to Neolithic type of concrete in Anatolia (western Asia), constructed of burnt lime and clay, with aggregate.
6500 BC Nabataean geopolymer type of Stone age concrete in Syria, permanent heating and cooking fire pits. Primitive form of calcining on exterior faces of limestone rocks lining the fire pits.
5600 BC The earliest concrete yet discovered in Europe was developed along the Danube River in Yugoslavia. Stone age hunters or fishermen mixed red lime, sand, gravel and water.
4400 BC Stonehenge builders mixed Ancient concrete, pulverized Bluestone volcanic ash and tuff (Pozzolan) together with crushed in situ Calcium carbonate (CaCO3) lime.
3000 BC Chinese used cementitious materials to hold bamboo together in their boats and in the Great Wall. The Chinese used concrete in Gansu Province in northwest China.
2500 BC Egyptians mixed mud with straw to bind dried bricks. Also furthered the discovery of lime and gypsum mortar as a binding agent for building the Pyramids.
800 BC Babylonians and Assyrians used a bitumen to bind stone and bricks. This allowed them to combine both large and small stone objects together.
601 BC Stonehenge Altar of Burnt Offering (containing 7 gold relics) Topfill, 0.4 metre of pulverized Bluestone (volcanic ash and tuff) aggregate and lime, 3.7 metre Southeast of Heel Stone (under Anatolia's olivine-rich Altar Stone base).
600 BC Greeks discovered a natural Pozzolan on Santorini Island that developed hydraulic properties when mixed with lime. This made it possible to produce concrete that would harden under water, as well as in the air.
400 BC Petra (Greek, "city of rock"), also known as Sila, ancient city of Arabia (now southwestern Jordan). The stronghold and treasure city of the Nabataeans, an Arab people.
300 BC Romans used slaked lime and volcanic ash (Pozzolan), found near Pozzouli, Italy by the bay of Naples. Pliny the Elder reported a mortar mixture of 1 part lime to 4 parts sand. Vitruvius reported 2 parts of Pozzolan to 1 part lime.
193 BC Porticus Aemilia made of bound stones to form concrete.
75 BC Romans use a pozzolanic, hydraulic cement to build the theater at Pompeii and the Roman baths. The cement was a ground mix of lime and a volcanic ash containing silica and alumina.
44 BC Palatine Hill (Latin: Palatium), the centermost of the 7 hills of Rome, one of the most ancient parts of the city of Rome, Italy. It is some 70 metre high.
25 BC Ancient harbor at Caesarea, Israel built by Herod the Great.
AD 24 Stonehenge Altar of Burnt Offering (containing 7 gold relics) Backfill, 1.6 metre of pulverized Bluestone (volcanic ash and tuff) aggregate and lime, 1.2 to 2.8 metre below Heel Stone base. Eastern bottom of Scroll Trench.
Emilia Laude Denke - Kaiser Wilhelm Society founder (1886) - cum Laude
Tabernacle Mishkan @ Stonehenge Heelstone
_________________________________________
https://tabernacle-heelstone.blogspot.com/2019/07/mishkan-heel-stone.html
https://tabernacle-heelstone.blogspot.com
Complete History of Stonehenge Excavations
https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/f2/Heelstone_Ditch_%26_Scroll_Trench.jpg
https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/6b/Mishkan%40Heelstone.jpg
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