The Phorusrhacids, commonly known as “terror birds” were the last dinosaurian apex predators to hunt on land. The largest known phorusrhacid, Kelenken guillermoi, lived in the Middle Miocene of Argentina. It is known only from a skull (though it is one of the most complete large phorusrhacid skulls) and a leg and toe bone, so the rest of its anatomy must be inferred from other phorusrhacids. The skull, the largest of any known bird, is 716 mm (2.3 ft) long, allowing us to estimate Kelenken’s height at around 3 m (9.8 ft) tall. Kelenken would have lived in an open, grassland environment. Its long, slender tarsometatarsus suggests that it was a fast runner, likely adapted for chasing down small animals like rodents, marsupials, and lizards. While large, its skull was relatively weak, so it would have had difficulty gripping onto and subduing large, struggling prey. Instead, it likely preyed on animals it could swallow whole and/or, if targetting larger prey, used repetitive, targeted pecks with its beak. It could have also used its feet to restrain prey. While only Kelenken’s phalanx toe bone has been found, other large phorusrhacids (as well as their living relatives, the seriemas) have a “sickle claw” on their second digits, similar to dromaeosaurs. These claws could have also been used to restrain prey, or to kick out and strike.
Argentina during the Colloncuran age was rife with small critters and did not have a lot of large predators, making Kelenken the likely apex predator. While it probably couldn’t have taken down large adult ungulates like Astrapotherium and Theosodon, it may have been able to hunt typotherians like Hegetotherium, Interatherium, Protypotherium, and Pachyrukhos. Rodents would have been most often on the menu, as cavys were abundent here, as well as lizards and snakes such as Waincophis. Small sparassodonts like Patagosmilus and Cladosictis, would have been both competitors and prey. Only one other dinosaur has been found here so far, the owl Yarquen.
name a cool bird that ive probably never heard of (i have not heard of many birds) and then tell me a fun fact abt it
CRACKS KNUCKLES AND ROLLS SHOULDERS
so, kelenken guillermois, right? the terror bird? a bird 8 feet tall and known to eat horses? this motherfucker?
we live with their cousins! that’s right homie, this living railsplitter of a bird has a cousin who is still alive today!
meet the red-legged seriema
Like their larger and much more nightmare inducing cousins, the seriema lives in South America! However, unlike the former, it is much smaller and mostly eats small animals
The terror bird is a large flightless raptor that spawns in savannas and jungles and primarily hunts mid-sized mammals, they are mostly solitary but occasionally form groups to harass saber-tooth prides or to impress potential mates.
While they attack you on sight, terror birds can potentially be tamed by sneaking up on them and wrestling them into submission. Beware that if they manage to buck you off then you will immediately get mauled.
In real life, the terror birds were a family of birds (phorusrhacidae) closely related to the extant seriema, with the species in PrimalCraft being Kelenken guillermoi, one of the largest it lived 15 million years ago. Terror birds were the apex predators on south america during their time, although they shared this title with crocodilians and teratorns (close relatives of vultures and eagles).
Kelenken guillermoi is a large phorusrhacid from the middle Miocene of Argentina. It was one of the largest of the terror birds, and its massive skull armed with a hooked beak is the largest of any bird to have ever existed.
Trying to get my groove back by drawing Kelenken guillermoi my favorite Terror bird This was supposed to be a example for some quick timed commissions, but it got a way from me lol
Whelp we’ve got about a week and a half til November (aaaaaah), so I guess I’ll post this year’s Archovember list now!
It’s a bit dinosaur-heavy this time, but there are a lot of species I’d really like to try my hand at! Also, we have two leptoceratopsians and two Araripesuchus species. I thought it would be interesting to compare and contrast these species within the same month, so I hope it doesn’t get /too/ repetitive!
For new folks: this is my “Draw Dinovember” list that I expanded out to include other archosauriforms. I started doing this a few years ago to challenge myself to draw species I’ve never drawn before and/or ones that don’t get a lot of attention. Feel free to join in! You can do the whole list, just the dinosaurs, just the pterosaurs, just the pseudosuchians, just your favorites, just ones you’ve never drawn before, roll a D20 and a D10 and draw the sum of whichever numbers you get, etc. Just make sure they’re posted on or after their specific day so I remember to share them on my blog! You can use #Archovember or #Archovember2023, as those are the tags I follow. (Note that I and the whole Archovember event are usually a lot more active on Instagram so if you have an IG I encourage you to join in there!)
Anyway, here is the list in case the graphic is hard to read:
1. Your Choice!
2. Furcatoceratops elucidans
3. Tupandactylus navigans
4. Deinosuchus hatcheri
5. Herrerasaurus ischigualastensis
6. Lewisuchus admixtus
7. Supersaurus vivianae
8. Zhejiangopterus linhaiensis
9. Dynamosuchus collisensis
10. Megalosaurus bucklandii
11. Macrospondylus bollensis
12. Miragaia longicollum
13. Dorygnathus banthensis
14. Leptoceratops gracilis
15. Stagonolepis robertsoni
16. Shantungosaurus giganteus
17. Paleorhinus bransoni
18. Cascocauda rong
19. Kelenken guillermoi
20. Prestosuchus chiniquensis
21. Yangchuanosaurus shangyouensis
22. Istiodactylus latidens
23. Kunbarrasaurus ieversi
24. Araripesuchus wegeneri
25. Tylocephale gilmorei
26. Ixalerpeton polesinensis
27. Udanoceratops tschizhovi
28. Tapejara wellnhoferi
29. Araripesuchus rattoides
30. Scutellosaurus lawleri
One last note, and a warning I usually issue to new paleoartists: while looking for references for these species you’ll come across David Peters. His references tend to dominate search results when looking for less well-known species. They are also highly inaccurate, even the skeletals. So make sure you omit “The Pterosaur Heresies” and “Reptile Evolution” from your google search. If you have issues finding references, let me know and I can share what I’m using!
Little comparison between first big sculpture with super sculpey, kelenken guillermoi, ca June 2018, and my latest big sculpture, also kelenken g. Ca november 2019. What a differenc a year and a half have done! Can't wait to improve even more!💪 . . I just hope i get the mate of the 2019 one done before my style and skills have progressed too much👀 . . #art #artist #paleoart #paleoartist #paleoartista #paleoarte #kelenken #kelenkenguillermoi #terrorbird #artistofinstagram #artistoninstagram #phorusrhacos #creaturedesign #creaturedesigner #creatureart #phorusrhacus #phorusrhacid #throwback #2018vs2019 #sculpture #supersculpy #sculptor #theropod #dinosaurart #toymaker #iceage #jurassicpark #jurassicworld #improvement https://www.instagram.com/p/B62u2YfHjLS/?igshid=4swah8tnu7bj
For the last edition of Everything Dark and Horrofyiing 2019, we are unlocking the past on the Terror Birds of South America, and how they have one of the most appropriate nicknames in palaeontology.
Kelenken guillermoi, an Argentinian Terror Bird from the Miocene. Illustration by Jack Wood.