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#Federico II is a duke now
giulio-of-rome · 2 months
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Designed this Palazzo in the suburbs of Mantua for  @Federico-II-Gonzaga #MarquessofMantua. Snuck some personal touches in the design #IfYouKnowYouKnow ( ͡° ͜ʖ ͡° ) hehehehe. Meant for the above average patron, comment below if you understood! The interior has a Greco-Roman mythology motif (will post later). Pretty cool stuff tbh. Had fun making this piece! Don't ask about the horse room... #Weird (jk Federico XD your horses are cool, thx for the commission! <3)
Remember to take risks and push boundaries! You can be defiant and a gentlemen, it's possible! #Respect ♡( •ॢ◡-ॢ)✧˖° ♡ EDIT: Federico II Gonzaga is Duke of Mantua now, sorry about the confusion!(>﹏<)#congrats
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duke-of-hellsite · 6 months
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Alfonso X ALMOST BECAME A HRE EMPEROR during the great interregnum, I’m going to fucking die
Like IMAGINE we could have had Fredrick II AND Alfonso X, it would have been SO FUCKING COOL
The pope persuaded Alfonso not to accept the crown offered to him
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What a fucked up boring dark sad miserable timeline we are living in
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chrancecriber · 9 months
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Antenne Vorarlberg Chillout Lounge (July 22, 2023)
23:57 Dk Dent - A Walk In The Park 23:48 Super Flu - Mygut (Solomun Remix) 23:44 Thomas Lemmer & Andreas Bach - Embracing Love 23:40 Jones & Brock Feat. Anica - Join Me 23:38 Lucas Estrada & Henri Purnell & Neimy - In My Fantasy 23:35 Dj Antoine & Flip Capella Feat. Evelyn - Dark Love 23:30 Jasmon - Sanpo Suru 23:27 Robin Schulz Feat. Alida - In Your Eyes 23:21 Exstra - Comet (Extended Mix) 23:18 Sam Feldt X Lush & Simon Feat. Inna - Fade Away 23:13 Rufus Du Sol - Alive (Anyma Remix) 23:07 Fil A Fil - Just An Illusion 23:03 Above & Beyond Feat. Zoe Johnston - Treasure 23:01 Hbz, Anna Grey & Agent Zed - Aloha Hey 22:57 Avec - Under Water (Club Edit) 22:54 Tiësto & Ty Dolla $ign - The Business, Pt. Ii 22:50 Gardenstate & Bien - The Best Part 22:47 Mila - Herzlos 22:43 Passenger 10 - Voices In Her Head 22:40 Bolier & Arman Cekin - Fade Away (Feat. Rhi'n'b) 22:37 Set Mo Feat. Deutsch Duke - White Dress (Radio Version) 22:33 Viva La Panda & Finding Molly - Bring It On (La La La) 22:32 Above & Beyond - Quieter Is Louder (Original Mix) 22:23 Pet Shop Boys - Love Etc. (Gui Boratto Mix) 22:19 Eelke Kleijn Feat. Diana Miro - You (Frankey & Sandrino Remix) 22:15 Jens Buchert - 1000 Miles 22:11 Fritz Kalkbrenner - Good Things 22:07 Nora Van Elken - Sumatra (Lstn Remix) 22:02 Schiller Mit Moya Brennan - Falling 21:57 Lamb - Wonder 21:54 Neptunica & Lunax - We Don't Even Talk Anymore 21:51 Spike - The Golden Eye (Original Mix) 21:47 Klangkarussel & Poppy Baskcomb - This Love 21:45 Carstn, Jason Walker - Could You Love Me (Munich Monstrs Remix) 21:41 Five Seasons - Her Almond Eyes 21:38 Mila Feat. Uwe Worlitzer - Teil Von Mir 21:35 Lost Frequencies Feat. Love Harder - Beat Of My Heart 21:30 Fluff - Late Night Session 21:26 Nora En Pure - Fibonacci 21:24 Julian Perretta - Miracle 21:22 Nathan Evans - Wellerman (220 Kid X Billen Ted Remix) 21:19 Robin Schulz & David Guetta - On Repeat 21:11 Cinematic - Airflow (Chillhouse Mix) 21:08 Chicane Feat. Bryan Adams - Don't Give Up 21:03 Claptone Feat. Dizzy - Queen Of Ice Queen Of Ice 21:00 Rihanna Feat. Mikky Ekko - Stay 20:57 Dj Antoine Feat. Craig Smart - Good Vibes (Good Feeling) (Dj Antoine Vs Mad Mark 2k19 Mix) 20:53 Sofi Tukker X Mahmut Orhan - Forgive Me 20:50 Wankelmut & Emma Louise - My Head Is A Jungle 20:45 Eelke Kleijn - Woodstock 20:40 Mr.da-nos - San Francisco 2k20 20:35 Andy Caldwell - Quiet Nights 20:31 Nora En Pure - Branches 20:25 Sans Souci - Seaside (Extended Mix) 20:21 Jelly & Fish - Appreciation 20:18 Nora Van Elken - Let It Go 20:15 Tokkoi - 45 Minutes (Original Mix) 20:09 Blond:ish Feat. Shawni - Wizard Of Love 20:04 Cats On Bricks Feat. Zach Alwin - Planes Over Ushuaia 19:58 Hraach, Armen Miran - Aldebaran (Original) 19:52 Twocolors - Together 19:49 Hagen Feetly - Cry 19:46 Federico Aubele - Salvacion 19:42 Above & Beyond - The Inconsistency Principle 19:39 Klangkarussell And Givven - Follow 19:35 Nightmares On Wax - Les Nuits 19:32 Agatino Romero - I'm Feeling For You 19:25 Levitation - More Then Ever People 19:23 Nora En Pure - Wetlands 19:19 Alex Breitling - Lilie 19:16 Sans Souci - Twin Lakes 19:13 Iossa, Ken Holland - The Seed Feat. Iossa (Original Mix) 19:10 Kygo & Tina Turner - What's Love Got To Do With It 19:07 Dynoro Feat. Gigi D'agostino - In My Mind 19:04 Dj Antoine & Dead-line - Shout 18:56 Christopher Von Deylen - Opaque 18:54 Trinix - Rodeo 18:49 Blank & Jones - Sunny (Summer Vibe Mix) 18:46 Armin Van Buuren & Avira - Illusion (Mixed) 18:42 Troubleman Feat. Nina Miranda - Paz 18:38 Ck West - Aldebaran 2021 18:33 De-phazz - Anchorless 18:28 Victoriya - Nothing Remains 18:22 Beyhude - Akasha 18:18 Los Alamos Country Club - Children (Ambient Remix) 18:13 Lstn - Undecided 18:10 Stepha Schweiger - When I Was A Bird 18:04 Boozoo Bajou - Under My Sensi 18:00 Tinlicker Feat. Nathan Nicholson - Be Here And Now 17:57 R3hab & Marnik - Candyman 17:53 Tania Zygar, Sofia Zlatko, Vijay - Wildest Dreams (Extended Mix) 17:47 Deep Dive Corp. & Setsuna - Transatlantic 17:44 Alina Baraz & Galimatias - Fantasy (Felix Jaehn Remix) 17:40 Moby - The Sky Is Broken 17:37 Mount & Emdey - Venus 17:33 Jamiroquai - Love Foolosophy 17:30 Audien - Blue 17:26 Vize & Alan Walker Feat. Leony, Edward Artemyev - Space Melody (Edward Artemyev) 17:20 Jasmon - Mountain Peak 17:14 Rìfìs Du Sol - On My Knees (Oliver Schories Remix) 17:11 Chris Avedon - The Letter 17:04 Thievery Corporation - The Glass Bead Game 17:01 Nora En Pure - Epiphany 16:55 Christopher Von Deylen - Euphoria 16:52 Fon.leman - Constant Religion (Intro Mix) 16:48 Sans Souci - Take My Breath Away (Original Mix) 16:43 Pete Tong & Tale Of Us Feat. Jules Buckley - Time 16:39 Trentemoller - Miss You 16:36 Sono - Keep Control (Artbat Remix Edit) 16:33 Mike Perry Feat. Casso - Inside The Lines 16:30 Nora En Pure & Lika Morgan - In The Air Tonight (Sons Of Maria Remix) 16:27 Fedde Le Grand Feat. Vince Freeman - Devils 16:19 Andre Rizo - Hang 16:12 David Hohme - Fear Less (Hraach Remix) 16:09 Blank & Jones Feat. Kyle Pearce - All Of Me 16:05 Consoul Trainin - Take Me To Infinity 16:02 Felix Jaehn Feat. Zoe Wees - Do It Better 15:59 Together Alone - Ain't Nobody 15:55 Paul Kalkbrenner - Part Eight 15:53 Leony - Faded Love (Noøn Remix) 15:50 Twisted Harmonies Feat. Mougleta - You & Me 15:44 Mr. Sam Feat. Kristy Hawkshaw - Split 15:40 Gibbs - Waiting For Lonely 15:36 Airstream One - Southern Light 15:32 Avira & Kiko Franco Feat. Nathan Nicholson) - Ocean 15:28 Brando - Don't Call Me (Galantis Remix) 15:24 Cantoma - Alive 15:19 P. Lion - Happy Children (Special Remastered ) 15:13 Hraach & Armen Miran - Nowhere 15:08 Kaskade - Maybe 15:06 Alok Feat. Alida - Love Again 15:02 Paul Oakenfold, Bolier, Luis Fonsi - The World Can Wait (Bolier Remix) 14:59 Sam Feldt - Show Me Love (Original Mix) 14:56 Edx Feat. Jess Ball - Take Me Home 14:53 Alan Walker Ahrix - End Of Time 14:47 Rene, Alex Hook - Right Now (Matvey Emerson Remix) 14:44 Tiscore - Fire To Smoke 14:40 Chris Coco - Before Sunset (Original Mix) 14:36 Schiller - Midnight In Shiraz 14:34 Felix Jaehn & The Stickmen Project Feat. Calum Scott - Rain In Ibiza 14:27 Jazzanova - Bohemian Sunset 14:21 Sans Souci - Venice 14:17 Joachim Pastor Feat. Nathan Nicholson - Saint Louis 14:13 Kygo Feat. Ella Henderson - Here For You 14:10 Meduza Feat. Goodboys - Piece Of Your Heart 14:08 Gil Glaze Feat. Dante Thomas - West La 14:03 Tibet Project - Tibet (A Passage To ...) 13:56 Firtz Kalkbrenner - Golden (Fideles Remix) 13:53 Lost Frequencies, Zonderling & Kelvin Jones - Love To Go 13:50 Lost Frequencies Feat. Flynn - Recognise 13:47 Mellowdy - Rise Up 13:43 Vargo - Get Back To Serénity (J. Bar Mix) 13:39 Ck West & Sassi K - C Song 13:36 Tomas Skyldeberg - Outside The Window 13:32 Depeche Mode - Goodnight Lovers 13:29 Tom Staar & Cedric Gervais - Playing Games (Mixed) 13:22 Edx - Conundrum 13:19 Felix Jaehn Feat. Jasmine Thompson - Ain't Nobody 13:16 Hanns Feat. Lu - Chemistry 13:14 Parov Stelar - Fire 13:10 Spanish Armada Movement - Margarita 13:03 Hraach - After Dark 13:00 Thomas Gold Feat. Bright Sparks - Seventeen 12:56 Galantis Feat. Onerepublic - Bones 12:53 Avaion X Vize X Leony - Pieces 12:50 Lost Frequencies Feat. Harold Van Lenne - Are You With Me (Lounge) 12:46 The Ocean Piano - Piano Mi Camino (Blue Wave Mix) 12:41 Faithless Feat. Nathan Ball & Caleb Femi - I Need Someone 12:38 Deepend - Only Love 12:35 Pretty Pink Feat. Mark V - Don't Dance 12:30 Tycho - Horizon 12:27 Liberdade - Otra Vida 12:24 Edx - Ecletric (Mixed) 12:17 Soul Button - Circadian Rhythm (Hraach Remix) 12:11 Sweed Feat. Janana - Finally (Holter & Mogyoro Remix) 12:08 Armin Van Buuren Feat. Rbvln - Weight Of The World (Feat. Rbvln) 12:05 Trinix & Ian Urbina - Bad Things 12:02 Felix Jaehn Feat. Lost Frequencies & Linying - Eagle Eyes 11:58 Nora En Pure - Tantrum 11:55 Alle Farben - Berlin 11:52 Bernward Koch - Lonely Dream (Solo Piano) 11:47 Tinlicker Feat. Hero Baldwin - Rebirth 11:43 Alex Sail Feat. Al I Bo - Symantec Clime 11:39 Matoma Feat. Jonah Kagen - Summer Feeling 11:36 Pascal Letoublon - Feelings Undercover 11:30 Finnebassen - If You Only Knew 11:25 Röyksopp Feat. Astrid S - 02 Let's Get It Right 11:21 Sum Wave - Beach Memories 11:18 Robin Schulz - Headlights 11:13 Schiller - White Nights (Don't Let Me Go) 11:10 Armin Van Buuren Feat. Jake Reese - Need You Now 11:07 Alan Walker Feat. Gavin James - Tired 11:04 Paratone - Time After Time 10:58 Jon Hopkins - Private Universe 10:54 Glide - Y Môr 10:49 Arden - Open 10:44 Giuseppe Ottaviani Feat. Alana Aldea - Heal This Empty Heart 10:40 Hein Klein & Cheyenne - Every Breath You Take 10:36 Sons Of Maria - Elevate 10:31 Mirage Of Deep - Cloudless Sky 10:28 Mousse T. - Boyfriend (Alle Farben Remix) 10:25 Together Alone - Let Go 10:20 Sofa Surfers - Sofa Rockers (Richard Dorfmeister Remix) 10:17 Lika Morgan - Ding Dong 10:13 Sum Wave - Malin's Song 10:09 Joyce Sims - Come Into My Life 10:02 Julian Wassermann - People 09:55 Bryan Milton & Jama - Like A River 09:53 Alok & Timmy Trumpet - Underwater Love (La Vision Remix) 09:49 Eelke Kleijn - Midnight Affair (Samaha Slow Edit) 09:46 James Newton Howard Feat. Jennifer Lawrence - The Hanging Tree 09:43 Dimitri Vegas - Pull Me Closer 09:37 Tebra - Suton 09:33 Avicii - For A Better Day 09:30 Gamper & Dadoni - Gimme! Gimme! Gimme! 09:27 Gestört Aber Geil & Anna Grey - Thank You 09:20 Max Melvin - Earth Inside 09:16 Blank & Jones - Into The Sun 09:09 Valeron - Jamal 09:06 Nimus - Wasted Heart 09:04 Alan Walker X Hans Zimmer - Time (Alan Walker Remix) 08:58 Mollono.bass, Ava Asante - Feeling Good 08:55 Lucy Neville - Ransom 08:52 Avaion, Paulwetz, Nu Aspect Feat. Yuma - Sleepless 08:47 Ive Mendes - Nao Vou Fugir 08:43 Alok Feat. John Martin - Wherever You Go 08:38 Tinlicker Feat. Nathan Nicholson - Always Will 08:34 Minnie Riperton - Lovin' You 08:28 Jean-michel Jarre - Equinoxe, Pt. 4 08:23 Thomas Lemmer & Andreas Bach - Deep Ocean 08:20 Sam Feldt - Be My Lover 08:10 Moby - Too Much Change 08:07 Ambyion - Motion 08:01 Camiel - Take Me To This Place 07:57 Zoe - C'est La Vie 07:50 Adana Twins - Strange 07:45 Dreamerproject - Horizons (Glenn Main Remix) 07:40 Good Guy Mikesh Feat. Filburt - Place Of Love (Mp Edit) 07:36 Blank & Jones - Summer Sky 07:33 Carstn & Ten Tonne Skeleton - Safety Dance 07:30 Loud Luxury - Cold Feet 07:22 Rodriguez Jr. - 2 Miles Away 07:19 Klingande & Bright Sparks - Messiah 07:15 Jean-michel Jarre - Equinoxe, Pt. 5 07:12 Enigma - Return To Innocence 07:10 Buchs Feat. Nokyo - Cheverolet 07:07 Nora Van Elken - I Wanna Dance With Somebody (Who Loves Me) 06:59 Cabeiri - Plants Telling 06:54 Goa Foundation - (I Just) Died In Your Arms Tonight 06:50 Stefano Saletti & Piccola Banda Ikona - Tagama 06:46 Robin Schulz - Never Know Me (Radio Mix) 06:43 Mike Candys & Jack Holiday - The Riddle Anthem Rework 06:39 Discover. - Lost In Music 06:33 Blank & Jones - Coh 06:31 Sam Feldt & Sam Fischer - Pick Me Up (Vavo Remix) 06:27 Mark Ronson Feat. Miley Cyrus - Nothing Breaks Like A Heart 06:24 Dante Klein & Jordiz Feat. Megan Brands - Life 06:20 Above & Beyond - Out Of Time (Original Mix) 06:14 Bloomfield - Boulevard St. Germain 06:08 Röyksopp Feat. Susanne Sundfør - If You Want Me 06:05 Olga Scheps - How Much Is The Fish? 06:01 Rag'n'bone Man - Human 05:58 Kidsø - Finja 05:54 Kygo Feat. Maty Noyes - Stay 05:50 Alle Farben & Fools Garden - Lemon Tree 05:44 The Last Atlant - Twin Of The Sun 05:38 Joel Jungell - Autumn Painted Leaves 05:35 Milk & Sugar Feat. John Paul Young - Love Is In The Air 05:32 Nora Van Elken - Interstellar 05:27 Blank & Jones - 10.000 Emerald Pools 05:20 Nora En Pure - Cognitive Fadings (Club Mix) 05:13 True & Berger - Imprint Of Pleasure 05:06 Plus Minus - Meeting Of The Worlds 05:03 Yves V X Bashkar - Halfway (Feat. Twan Ray) 04:57 Bay Area - Dolphin Rider (Pianodreamsession) 04:53 A-ha - Take On Me (Kygo Remix) 04:49 Bronson Feat. Lau.ra - Heart Attack 04:47 Lost Frequencies - Are You With Me 04:43 Jean-michel Jarre - Oxygene, Pt. 4 04:40 Klangperlenspiel - Fraction Of Your Love 04:36 Alphawezen - Out Of Sight 04:32 Jako Diaz & Margret - Mirror 04:30 Kamrad - Feel Alive 04:27 Portugal. The Man - Feel It Still (Ofenbach Remix) 04:20 Blank & Jones - White Light 04:17 Nora En Pure - All I Need 04:13 Erik De Koning - Dream Flight (Chillout Mix) 04:06 Beyhude - Alabora 03:58 Timboletti - Dhunche 03:53 Fous De La Mer - Soledad 03:50 Passenger 10 - Serving The World 03:44 Shakatak - Rio Nights 03:39 Joachim Pastor & Signum - Something You Need (Extended Mix) 03:35 Portishead - Revenge Of The Number 03:28 A Sagittariun, Skip Mcdonald - Crystallization Feat. Skip Mcdonald (Original Mix) 03:22 Monolink - Otherside (Club Mix) 03:20 Viva La Panda, Finding Molly - Chances 03:16 Ayoe Angelica - Dr. Jekyll 03:08 Hraach Feat. Iveta Mukuchyan - Sarer Jan 03:06 Vize & Tom Gregory - Never Let Me Down 02:59 Parra For Cuva - The Fifth Hand 02:56 Nora En Pure - Stop Wasting Time 02:53 Hypnosis - Pulstar 02:45 Cosmo Klein Feat. Ynot - When Doves Cry (Original Mix) 02:40 Jens Buchert - Cocoon 02:37 Klingande Feat. M-22 - Somewhere 02:32 Ac Venture - Penang Waltz (Roberto Sol Remix) 02:29 Dvine - Ever After 02:25 Aural Float - Be As You Are 02:23 Topic, Robin Schulz, Nico Santos, Paul Van Dyk - In Your Arms (For An Angel) 02:21 Srtw & Mave Feat. Sønlille - Last Train Home 02:14 Fc Kahuna - Hayling 02:08 Anrey - The Forgotten (Extended Mix) 02:05 Sunnery James & Ryan Marciano - Let It Lie 01:57 Klangtherapeuten - Perlentaucher (Robin Schulz Remix) 01:54 Gamper & Dadoni Feat. Joe Jury - Satellites 01:47 John Kah - Carina (Enui Remix) 01:43 Sanavé - Deja Morinor 01:40 Italobrothers - Stay 01:36 Elmara - Sky In Your Eyes 01:33 Valerie Dore - The Night (Zyx Edit Remastered 2021) 01:30 Jan Blomqvist & Bloom Twins - High On Beat (Sofi Tukker Remix) 01:24 Agoria - Up All Night 01:21 Melokind - Tiefgang 01:18 Consoul Trainin Feat. Steven Aderinto & Duoviolins - Obsession 01:12 Melosense - Road & Lights 01:09 Alok, Zeeba And Iro - Ocean 01:06 Zaz - Demain C'est Toi 01:02 Monolink - Swallow 00:58 Schiller & Peter Heppner - Leben... I Feel You 00:55 Armin Van Buuren Feat. Angel Taylor - Make It Right (Trinix Remix) 00:51 Tiesto - Everything (Acoustic Version) 00:48 Sons Of Maria - Always 00:45 Lydmor - Money Towers 00:39 Beyhude - Terso 00:32 Nora En Pure - Thermal (Extended Mix) 00:25 Dj Disse - Riders On The Storm (Original Mix) 00:19 Rìfìs Du Sol - Next To Me 00:11 Super Flu - Mygut (Solomun Remix) 00:08 Peter Ries - Hold Me (The Force Radio Mix) 00:03 Schiller X Tricia Mcteague - Miracle
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gardenofkore · 3 years
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- E lo princep respos al almirall: -Ques aço que vos volets que yo hi faça? que si fer yo puch , -volenters ho fare.- Yo , dix lalmirall , quem façats ades venir la filla del rey Manfre, germana de madona la regina Darago, que vos tenits en vostra preso aci el castell del Hou , ab aquelles dones e donzelles qui soes bi sien ; e quem façats lo castell e la vila Discle retre . - E lo princep respos , queu faria volenters. E tantost trames un seu cavaller en terra ab un leny armat, e amena madona la infanta , germana de madona la regina , ab quatre donzelles e dues dones viudes.  E lalmirall reebe les ab gran goig e ab gran alegre , e ajenollas, e besa la ma a madona la infanta.
Ramon Muntaner,  CRÓNICA CATALANA, p. 221
Beatrice was born (probably) in Palermo around 1260. She was the first child and only daughter of Manfredi I of Sicily and his second wife, the Epirote princess Helena Angelina Doukaina (“[…] et idem helenam despoti regis emathie filiam sibi matrimonialiter coppulavit, ex quibus nata fuit Beatrix.”, Bartholomaeus de Neocastro, Historia Sicula, in Giuseppe Del Re, Cronisti e Scrittori sincroni Napoletani editi ed inediti, p. 419). It’s quite plausible the baby had been named after Manfredi’s first wife, Beatrice of Savoy (mother of Costanza, who will later become Queen consort of Aragon and co-regnant of Sicily). The little princess would soon be followed by three brothers: Enrico, Federico and Enzo (also called Anselmo or Azzolino). With three sons, Manfredi must have thought his succession was secured.
Beatrice’s father was one Federico II of Sicily’s many illegitimate children, although born from his most beloved mistress (and possibly fourth and last wife), Bianca Lancia. Since his father’s death in 1250, Manfredi had governed the Kingdom of Sicily on behalf firstly of his (legitimate) half-brother Corrado and, after his death in 1254, of Corrado’s son, Corradino. In 1258, two years prior Beatrice’s birth, Manfredi had been crowned King of Sicily in Palermo’s Cathedral, de facto usurping his half-nephew’s rights.
Like it had happened with Federico, Manfredi was soon opposed by the Papacy, which didn’t approve of the Hohenstaufen’s rule over Sicily (and Southern Italy with it) and the role of the King as the champion of the Ghibellines faction. In 1263, Urban VI managed to convince Charles of Anjou, younger brother of Louis IX the Saint, to present himself as a contender to the Sicilian throne. Three years later, on January 6th 1266, the French duke was crowned King of Sicily by the Pope in Rome, thus overthrowing Manfredi. On February 26th, in Benevento, the usurped King then tried to get back his kingdom by facing Charles in the open field, but failed and lost his life while fighting.
The now widowed Queen Helena had previously fled to Lucera (in Apulia) with her children (Beatrice was now six), her sister-in-law Costanza, and her step-daughter, the illegitimate Flordelis, where she thought they would be safer. When they got news of the disaster of Benevento and Manfredi’s death, they fled to Trani from where they planned to set off to Epirus. The unfortunate party was instead betrayed and handed off to the Angevin. On March 6th night, Helena and the children were taken hostage and later separated. The Queen was sent at first to Lagopesole (in Basilicata) and finally to Nocera Christianorum (now Nocera Inferiore), where she would die still in captivity in 1271.
Enrico, Federico and Enzo were taken to Castel del Monte. Following Corradino’s death in 1268, Manfredi’s young sons (the oldest, Enrico, was just four at the time of his capture) were, to all effects, the rightful heirs to the Sicilian throne. It’s undoubtful Charles must have wanted them gone, or at least forgotten. In 1300 they were moved to Naples, in Castel dell’Ovo (which, at that time, was called San Salvatore a mare), under the order of the new Angevin king, Charles II. According to some sources, Federico and Enzo died there within the short span of a year. As for Enrico, he died alone and miserable in October 1318, he was 56.
As for Beatrice, her fate was more merciful compared to that of her mother and brothers and, for that, she had to thank her sex, which made her harmless in Charles’ eyes (as long as she was left unmarried). After being separated from her family (she will never see them again), the six years old princess was, like her brothers, held captive (although not together) in Castel del Monte. In 1271, she was moved to Naples, in Castel dell’Ovo, under the guardianship of its keeper, a French nobleman called either Landolfo or Radolfo Ytolant. Manfredi’s daughter is mentioned in a rescript of Charles dated March 5th 1272, from which we learn she had been granted at least a maid (“V Marcii xv indictionis. Neapoli. Scriptum est Iustitiario et erario Terre laboris etc. Cum ex computo facto per magistrum rationalem Nicolaum Buccellum etc. cum Landulfo milite castellano castri nostri Salvatoris ad mare de Neapoli pro expensis filie quondam Manfridi Principis Tarentini et damicelle sue. ac filie quondam comitis Iordani et damicelle sue dicto castellano in unc. auri novem et taren. sex de pecunia presentis generalis subventionis residuorum quolibet vel qua canque alia etc. persolvatis. non obstante etc. Recepturus etc.”, Monumenti n. XLIV. in Domenico Forges Davanzati, Dissertazione sulla seconda moglie del re Manfredi e su’ loro figliuoli, p. XLIII-XLIV). Like it had happened with her mother, and unlike her brothers, it appears Beatrice was treated with courtesy and respect. In her misfortune, she could count on the company of a fellow prisoner and distant relative, the daughter of Giordano Lancia d’Agliano, who was her grandmother Bianca Lancia’s cousin and had been a loyal supporter of her father, Manfredi.
On Easter Day of 1282, an anti-Angevin rebellion sparkled in Palermo would soon transform itself into a war to get rid of the so much hated Frenchmen, the so-called War of the Sicilian Vespers. It’s dubious that, close in her prison, Beatrice came to know about it. She might have also been surprised to know that her half-sister, Costanza, had been asked by a delegation of fellow Sicilians to take possession of what was hers by right (the throne) as she was their “naturalis domina”. Her rights were shared with her husband, Pedro III of Aragon, who would personally take part in the war and be rewarded with a joint coronation in November 1282.
For Beatrice, everything changed in 1284. On June 4th, Italian Admiral Ruggero di Lauria, at the service of the Aragonese King (he was also Costanza’s milk brother), defeated the Angevin fleet just offshore from Naples and took Carlo II prisoner. Being in clear superiority, the Sicilians could now demand (among many requests) the release of Princess Beatrice. Carlo’s eldest son and heir, Carlo Martello Prince of Salerno, could nothing other than obliging them. (“Siciliani autem , & omnes faventes Petro Aragonum, incontinenti de ipsorum victoria plurimum exultantes, Nuncios, & Legatos ad quoddam Castrum ex parte Principis direxerunt , ubi quaedam filia quondam Domini Regis Manfredi sub custodia tenebatur , ut dicta filia fine ullo remedio laxaretur , quae statim fuit antedictis Legatis , & Nunciis restituta.”, Anonimo Regiense, Memoriale Potestatum Regiensium. Gestorumque iis Temporibus. Ab anno 1154 usque ad Annum 1290, in Ludovico Antonio Muratori, Rerum Italicarum scriptores ab anno aerae christianae quingentesimo ad millesimumquingentesimum, vol. VIII, p. 1158). 
Beatrice, finally free, left Castel dell’Ovo headed for Capri, where the Admiral was waiting for her. She had spent 18 long years in captivity and was now 24. From Capri she reached Sicily, where she was warmly welcomed and with a lot of enthusiasm, to meet her half-sister Costanza. 
As the Queen’s closest free relative (both Pedro and Costanza had no interest in asking for Enrico’s release since, as a male, he had more rights than Costanza to inherit the throne), Beatrice had a great political value. At first, Ranieri Della Gherardesca’s name came up. He was the son of that Count Gherardo who had fought together with the unfortunate Corradino (the sisters’ royal cousin), and for that had been beheaded in Naples in 1268 alongside his liege. Finally the perfect candidate was found. Manfredo of Saluzzo was born in 1262 and was the son of Marquis Tommaso I and his wife Luigia of Ceva. Like Beatrice, Manfredo was strongly related to Costanza, specifically, he was her nephew since Tommaso and the Sicilian Queen were half-siblings (they were both Beatrice of Savoy’s children).
The marriage contract between the two is dated July 3rd 1286 and the contracting parties are on one side “la serenissima signora constanza regina dy aragon e dy sicilia e dil ducato de puglia principato di capua” and, on the other side “il marchexe thomas di sa lucio signore de conio una cum mạdona alexia soa moglie”. Tommaso declares that Manfredi will inherit his title, privileges and possession upon his death. If, after the marriage is celebrated, Manfredi were to die first, Beatrice would enjoy possession of the castle and some properties. The Marquise Luisa declares to agree with her husband’s decision (“[…] e a tuto questo la marchexa aloysia madre dy manfredo consenty”, Gioffredo Della Chiesa, Cronaca di Saluzzo, p. 165-166). The union was formally celebrated the year after.
Beatrice bore Manfredi two children: Caterina and Federico, born presumably in 1287 (“Et da questa beatrix haue uno figlolo chiamato fredericho et una figlola chiamata Kterina” Gioffredo Della Chiesa, Cronaca di Saluzzo, p. 185). In 1296 Tommaso died, so Manfredi inherited the marquisate and Beatrice became Marquise consort of Saluzzo. She will die eleven years later at 47, on November 19th 1307 (“Venne a morte nel dì 19 novembre di quest’anno Beatrice di Sicilia moglie del nostro marchese Manfredo, e noi ne accertiamo il segnato giorno col mezzo del rituale del monastero di Revello , nel quale leggesi annotato: 19 novembris anniversarium d. Beatricis filiae quondam d. Manfredi regis Ceciliae et uxoris d. Manfredi primogeniti d. Thomae marchionis Saluciarum, quae huic monasterio quingen- tas untias in suo testamento legavit.” Delfino Muletti, Memorie storico-diplomatiche appartenenti alla città ed ai marchesi di Saluzzo, vol III, p. 76). Her husband would quickly remarry with Isabella Doria, daughter of Genoese patricians Bernabò Doria and Eleonora Fieschi. Isabella would give birth to five more children: Manfredi, Bonifacio, Teodoro, Violante and Eleonora. 
As of Beatrice’s children, Caterina would marry Guglielmo Enganna, Lord of Barge (“Catherina figlola dy manfredo e de la prima moglie fu sorella dy padre e dy madre dy fede rico e fu moglie duno missere gulielmo ingana capo dy parte gebellina in questy cartiery dil pie monty verso bargie.”, Gioffredo Della Chiesa, Cronaca di Saluzzo, p. 256). Federico’s fate would be more complicated. Like many mothers before and after her, Isabella Doria wished to see her own firstborn, Manfredi, succeeded his father rather than her step-son. The new Marchioness of Saluzzo successfully instigated her husband against his son to the point the Marquis. in a donatio mortis causa dated 1325, disinherited Federico in favour of the second son (Federico would have settled with just his late mother’s belongings), Manfredi (“Et questo faceua a instigatione de la moglie che lo infestaua a cossi fare.” Gioffredo Della Chiesa, Cronaca di Saluzzo, p. 224). Federico’s natural rights were later acknowledged by an arbitral award proclaimed in 1329 by his paternal uncles Giovanni and Giorgio of Saluzzo, and finally, an arbitration verdict dated 1334 and issued by Guglielmo Earl of Biandrate and Aimone of Savoy. As a condition of peace, the future Marquis should have granted his younger brother the castle and villa of Cardè as a fief. Stung by this defeat, Manfredi IV, his wife Isabella and beloved son Manfredi retired to Cortemilla. Federico died in 1336 and was succeeded by his son Tommaso, who would inherit his father’s rights and feud with the two Manfredi's. After being defeated by his half-uncle in 1341 (the older Manfredi, his grandfather, had died the year before), resulting in losing his titles, possessions and freedom, Tommaso would later regain what was of his right and rule as Marquis of Saluzzo.
Sources
-ANONIMO REGIENSE, Memoriale Potestatum Regiensium. Gestorumque iis Temporibus. Ab anno 1154 usque ad Annum 1290, in Ludovico Antonio Muratori, Rerum Italicarum scriptores ab anno aerae christianae quingentesimo ad millesimumquingentesimum, vol. VIII
-BARTHOLOMAEUS DE NEOCASTRO, Historia Sicula, in Giuseppe Del Re, Cronisti e Scrittori sincroni Napoletani editi ed inediti
- DEL GIUDICE GIUSEPPE, La famiglia di Re Manfredi
- DELLA CHIESA, GIOFFREDO, Cronaca di Saluzzo
-FORGES DAVANZATI, DOMENICO, Dissertazione sulla seconda moglie del re Manfredi e su’ loro figliuoli
- LANCIA, MANFREDI, Il complicato matrimonio di Beatrice di Sicilia
-Monferrato. Saluzzo
-MULETTI, DELFINO, Memorie storico-diplomatiche appartenenti alla città ed ai marchesi di Saluzzo, vol II-III
- MUNTANER, RAMON, Crónica catalana
- SABA MALASPINA, Rerum Sicularum
- SAVIO, CARLO FEDELE, Cardè. Cenni storici (1207-1922)
-Sicily/Naples: Counts & Kings
45 notes · View notes
theroyalfanzine · 4 years
Text
Queen Victoria’s Descendants (FULL LIST)
If you see any mistakes or can offer info on something like “Child 1” or an unknown birth or death year, please let me know.
Key
Bold names=Queen Victoria’s children
Strike through=deceased and I feel like I’ve gotten to the bottom of their line, and eventually, 20,000 years from now when I feel like I’m done with this list, I’ll delete it-after all, this is the list of Queen Victoria’s LIVING descendants.
* Descendants are already listed elsewhere on this list or the ones who would follow said person Ex:  Mark Nicholas van Eyck should be followed by  Princess Dorothea of Hesse but she and her descendants are also descended elsewhere. Another example is Queen Elizabeth II & The Duke of Edinburgh’s descendants. Or the descendants of Princess Sibulla of Saxe-Coburg und Gotha (Sweden)
** I’ve seen reports that she died in 2002, but no obituary. Any ideas?
Bold and Italics together on one name denotes this person is presently the eldest and longest lived person of Queen Victoria (The Duke of Edinburgh)
The Princess Victoria, Princess Royal, German Empress (1840-1901)
Emperor Willem II of Germany (1859-1941)
Crown Prince  Friedrich Wilhelm of Prussia (1882-1951)
Prince Wilhelm of Prussia (1906–1940)
Princess Felicitas of Prussia (1934-2009)
Friederike Thyra Marion Wilhelmine Dorothea von der Osten(1959)
Felicitas Catharini Malina Johanna von Reiche von Heinz (1986)
Victoria Cecilie Alexandra Josephine von Reiche (1989)
Donata Friederike Diana Sophie von Reiche (1992)
Dinnies Wilhelm Karl Alexander von der Osten(1962-1989)
Hubertus Christoph Joachim Friedrich von der Osten (1964)
Cecilie Felicitas Katherina Sophie von der Osten (1967)
Julius Marxen (1998)
Victor Marxen ( 2002)
Diana Renata Friederike von Nostitz-Wallwitz (1974)
Child 1
Child 2 (2011)
Princess Christa Friederike Alexandrine Viktoria of Prussia (1936)
Prince Louis Ferdinand of Prussia (1907-1994)
Philip Kirill Prinz von Preußen (1968)
Paul Wilhelm  von Preußen (1995)
Maria Luise  von Preußen (1997)
Elisabeth Christine von Preußen (1998)
Anna Sophie  von Preußen (2001)
Johanna Amalie von Preußen (2002)
Timotheus Friedrich  von Preußen (2005)
Friedrich Wilhelm Prinz von Preußen (1979)
Friedrich Wilhelm  von Preußen (2012)
Charlotte von Preußen (born 201?)
Princess Viktoria-Luise von Preußen, Hereditary Princess of Leiningen (1982)
Princess Alexandra Ehrengard Viktoria Luise of Leiningen (2020)
Joachim Albrecht von Preußen (1984)
Georgina  von Preußen (2018)
Prince Michael of Prussia (1940-2014)
Michaela Prinzessin von Preußen (1967)
Child 1
Child 2
Nataly Prinzessin von Preußen (1970)
Princess Marie Cécile of Prussia (1942)
Princess Kira of Prussia (1943-2004)
Kira-Marina Liepsner (1977)
Luise von Bismarck (unknown)
Sophie von Bismarck (unknown)
Prince Louis Ferdinand of Prussia (1944-1977)
Georg Friedrich, Prince of Prussia (1976)
Prince Carl Friedrich Franz Alexander of Prussia (2013)
Prince Louis Ferdinand Christian Albrecht of Prussia (2013)
Princess Emma Marie Charlotte Sophie of Prussia (2015)
Prince Heinrich Albert Johann George of Prussia (2016)
Princess Cornelie-Cecile of Prussia (1978)
Prince Christian-Sigismund of Prussia ( 1946)
Isabelle-Alexandra Prinzessin von Preußen (1969)
Prince Christian Ludwig of Prussia (1986)
Princess Irina of Prussia (1988)
Princess Xenia of Prussia (1949-1992)
Patrick Edvard Christian Lithander(1973)
Pius Lithander ( 2005)
Hugo Lithander (2006)
Karl Lithander (2008)
Merle Lithander (2010)
Wilhelm Sebastian Lithander (1974)
Steen Lithander (2010)
Ebba Lithander (2012)
Prince  Hubertus Karl Wilhelm of Prussia (1909 -1950)
Princess Anastasia Victoria Cecilia Hermine of Prussia (1944)
Prince Carl Friedrich, Hereditary Prince of Löwenstein-Wertheim-Rosenberg (1966-2010)
Princess Augustina of Löwenstein-Wertheim-Rosenberg (1999)
Hereditary Prince Nicodemus of Löwenstein-Wertheim-Rosenberg (2001)
Prince Laurentius of Löwenstein-Wertheim-Rosenberg (2006)
Princess Kiliane Olympia of Löwenstein-Wertheim-Rosenberg (2008)
Prince Hubertus of Löwenstein-Wertheim-Rosenberg (1968)
Prince Dominik Wilhelm  of Löwenstein-Wertheim-Rosenberg (2001) (1983)
Princess Marie Christine of Prussia (1947-1966)
Prince Frederick of Prussia (1911–1966)
Prince Frederick Nicholas of Prussia (1946)
Beatrice von Preussen (1981)
Florence von Preussen (1983)
Sylvie Beatrice Selina Tollemache (2016)
Augusta von Preussen (1986)
Frederick (Fritz) Stormont von Preussen (1990)
Prince Andreas of Prussia ( 1947)
Tatiana von Preussen (1980)
Arthur Frederick Richard Womack von Preussen (2015)
Frederick Alexander von Preussen (1984)
Princess Victoria Marina of Prussia (1952)
George Jean Achache (1980)
Francis Maximilian Frederick Achache (1982)
Prince Rupert of Prussia (1955)
Brigid von Preussen (1983)
Astrid von Preussen (1985)
Princess Antonia of Prussia, The Duchess of Wellington (1955)
Arthur Wellesley, Earl of Mornington (1978)
Lady Mae Madeleine Wellesley (2010)
Arthur Darcy Wellesley, Viscount Wellesley (2010)
The Hon Alfred Wellesley (2014)
Lady Honor Wellesley (1979)
Walter Montagu (2005)
Nancy Jemima Montagu (2007)
Lady Mary Wellesley (1986)
Lady Charlotte Santo Domingo (1989)
Child 1 (2017)
Child 2 (2019)
Lord Frederick Wellesley (1992)
Princess Alexandrine  Irene of Prussia (1915-1980)  
Princess Cecilie of Prussia (1917–1975)
Kira Alexandrine Harris (1954)
Philip Louis Johnson (1985)
Prince Eitel Friedrich of Prussia (1883-1942)
Prince  Adalbert Ferdinand Berengar Viktor of Prussia (1884-1948)
Princess Victoria Marina of Prussia (1915-1915)
Princess Victoria Marina of Prussia (1917 -1981)
Berengar Orin Bernhard Kirby Patterson (1948-2011)
Marina Adelaide Emily Patterson (1948-2011)
William John Engel (1983)
Dohna Maria Patterson (1954)
Prince Wilhelm Viktor of Prussia (1919-1989)
Princess Marie Louise Marina Franziska of Prussia (1945)
Countess Sophie Anastasia of Schönburg-Glauchau (1979)
Rudi Federico Nicolas Alacreu y Schönburg-Glauchau (2017)
Carlota Alacreu y Schönburg-Glauchau (2019)
Count Friedrich Wilhelm of Schönburg-Glauchau (1985)
Prince Adalbert Alexander Friedrich Joachim Christian (1948)
Prince Alexander of Prussia (1984)
Prince Christian of Prussia (1986)
Prince Philipp of Prussia (1986)
Prince August Wilhelm Heinrich Günther Viktor of Prussia (1887-1949)
Prince  Alexander Ferdinand  of Prussa (1912-1985)
Prince Stephan Alexander Dieter Friedrich of Prussia (1939-1993)
Princess Stephanie Viktoria-Luise of Prussia (1966)
Aaron Emanuel Bao (1994)
Shoshana Twahia Sophie Bao (1996)
Amir Joel Tumaini Bao (1998)
Seraphine Bao (2002)
Prince Oskar Karl Gustav Adolf of Prussia (1888 -1958)
Prince Oskar Wilhelm Karl Hans Kuno of Prussia (1915-1939)
Prince Burchard Friedrich Max Werner Georg of Prussia (1917-1988)
Princess Herzeleide of Prussia (1918-1989)
Princess Viktoria-Benigna  von Courland (1939)
Nikolaus Maximilian Ludwig Karl Ernst-Johann Maria, Baron von Twickel
Constantin Philipp Ludwig Friedrich von Twickel
Benedikta Elisabeth Ann Lucia von Twickel
Georg von Twickel  (unknown)
Kirryl von Twickel  (unknown)
Tassilo Heinrich Alexander, Baron von Twickel (unknown)
Antonius von Twickel (unknown)
Matilda Valentina Helga Benigna von Twickel (unknown)
Ernst-Johann, Prince Biron von Courland (1940) (adopted issue)
Prince Michael Karl August Wilhelm Biron von Courland (1944)
Princess Veronika Biron von Courland (1970)
Prince Alexander Biron von Courland (1972)
Princess Stephanie Biron von Courland (1975)
Prince Wilhelm-Karl of Prussia (1922-2007)
Princess Donata-Viktoria of Prussia (1952)
Prince Wilhelm-Karl of Prussia  (1955)
Prince Oscar of Prussia (1959)
Prince Oskar of Prussia (1993)
Princess Wilhelmine of Prussia (1995)
Prince Albert  of Prussia (1998)
Prince Joachim Franz Humbert of Prussia (1890 -1920)
Prince Franz Wilhelm Victor Christoph Stephan of Prussia (1943)
Grand Duke George Mikhailovich of Russia (1981)
Prince Friedrich Christian Ludwig of Prussia (1943-1943)
Prince Franz Friedrich Christian of Prussia (1944).
Alexandra Maria Prinzessin von Preussen (1960)
Désirée Anastasia Prinzessin von Preussen (1961)
Princess Viktoria Luise of Prussia, The Duchess of Brunswick (1892-1980)
Ernst August, Hereditary Prince of Brunswick, Prince of Hanover  (1914-1987)
Princess Marie of Hanover, Countess von Hochberg (1952)
Count Conrad von Hochburg (1985)
Count Georg von Hochburg (1987)
Prince Ernst August of Hanover (1954)
Hereditary Prince Ernest-August of Hanover(1983)
Princess Elisabeth Tatiana Maximiliana Iacobella Faiza of Hanover (2018)
Prince  Welf August Johannes of Hanover (2019)
Prince Christian Heinrich  of Hanover (1985)
Prince Nicolas of Hanover (2020)
Princess Sofia of Hanover (2020)
Princess Alexandra Charlotte Ulrike Marym Virginia of Hanover (1999)
Prince Ludwig Rudolph of Hanover (1955–1988)
Prince Otto Heinrich of Hanover (1988)  
Princess Olga Sophie  of Hanover (1958)
Princess Alexandra Irene of Hanover, Princess of Leiningen (1959)
Ferdinand, Hereditary Prince of Leiningen (1982)***
Princess Olga of Leiningen (1984)
Prince Hermann of Leiningen (1987)
Prince Leopold Konstantin Rainer Andreas of Leiningen (2019)
Prince Heinrich of Hanover (1961)
Prince Albert Thilo Ludwig Arndt of Hanover (1999)
Princess Eugenia of Hanover (2001)
Prince Julius of Hanover (2006)
Prince George William of Hanover (1915-2006)
Prince Welf Ernst of Hanover (1947 -1981)
Princess Saskia of Hanover (1970)
Son 1
Son 2
Son 3
Prince Georg of Hanover (1949)
Princess Vera of Hanover (1976)
Daughter 1
Daughter 2
Princess Nora of Hanover (1979)
Son 1
Son 2
Princess Friederike of Hanover (1954)
Julia Emma Cyr (1982)
Jean-Paul Welf Cyr (1985)
Queen  Friederike of The Hellenes, Princess of Hanover (1917-1981)
Queen Sofia of Spain (1938)
Infanta Elena of Spain, The Duchess of Lugo (1963)
Don Felipe Juan Froilán de Marichalar y de Borbón (1998)
Doña Victoria Federica  de Marichalar y de Borbón (2000)
The Infanta Cristina of Spain (1965)
Don Juan Valentín  de Urdangarin  y de Borbón (1999)
Don Pablo Nicolás Sebastián  de Urdangarin  y de Borbón (2000)
Don Miguel de Urdangarin  y de Borbón (2002),
Doña Irene de Urdangarin  y de Borbón (2005)
King Felipe VI of Spain (1968)
Leonor, The Princess of Asturias (2005)
The Infanta Sofia of Spain (2007)
King Constantine II of The Hellenes (1940)
Princess Alexia of Greece & Denmark (1965)
Arrietta Morales y de Grecia (2002)
Ana María Morales y de Grecia (2003)
Carlos Morales y de Grecia (2005)
Amelia Morales y de Grecia (2007)
Crown Prince Pavlos of Greece, Prince of Denmark (1967)
Princess Maria-Olympia of Greece & Denmark (1996)
Prince Constantine-Alexios of Greece & Denmark(1998)
Prince Achileas-Andreas of Greece & Denmark (2000)
Prince Odysseus-Kimon of Greece & Denmark (2004)
Prince Aristidis-Stavros of Greece & Denmark(2008)
Prince Nikolaos of Greece & Denmark (1969)
Princess Theodora of Greece & Denmark (1983)
Prince Philippos of Grecce & Denmark (1986)
Princess Irene of Greece & Denmark (1942)
Prince Christian Oskar  of Hanover (1919-1981)
Princess Caroline-Luise Mireille Irene Sophie of Hanover (1965)
Princess Mireille Viktoria Luise of Hanover (1971)
Prince Welf Heinrich of Hanover (1923-1997)
Princess Viktoria Elisabeth Auguste Charlotte of Prussia,  Duchess Consort of Saxe-Meiningen (1860-1919)
Princess  Feodora Viktoria  of Saxe-Meiningen (1879-1945)
Prince Albert Wilhelm Heinrich of Prussia (1862-1929)
Prince Waldemar Wilhelm  of Prussia (1889-1945)
Prince Wilhelm Viktor Karl August Heinrich Sigismund of Prussia (1896 -1978)
Princess Barbara of Prussia (1920- 1994)
Duchess Donata of Mecklenburg (1956)
Thyra von Solodkoff (1989)
Alix von Solodkoff (1992)
Niklot von Solodkoff (1994)
Duchess Edwina of Mecklenburg (1960)
Ludwig von Posern (1996)
Paul von Posern (1997)
Ferdinand von Posern (1999)
Prince Alfred Friedrich Ernst Heinrich Conrad of Prussia (1924-2013)
Prince  Heinrich Viktor Ludwig Friedrich of Prussia (1900-1904)
Prince Franz Friedrich Sigismund of Prussia (1864-1866)
Princess  Friederike Amalia Wilhelmine Viktoria of Prussia (1866-1929)
Prince Joachim Friedrich Ernst Waldemar of Prussia (1868-1879)
Queen Sophia of The Hellenes, Princess of Prussia (1870 -1932)
King George II of The Hellenes (1890-1947)
King Alexander I of The Hellenes (1893-1920)
Queen Helen, Queen Mother of Romania (1896-1982)
King Mihai of Romania (1921-2017)
Crown Princess Margareta, Custodian of the Royal Crown of Romania (1949)
Princess Elena of Romania (1950)
Nicholas de Roumanie Medforth-Mills (1985)
Baby de Roumanie Medforth-Mills (2020)
Elisabeta-Karina de Romanie Medforth-Mills (1989)
Princess Sofia of Romania (1957)
Elisabeta-Maria Biarneix (1999)
Irina Walker (1953)
Michael Torsten Kreuger de Roumanie (1984)
Kohen  Kreuger de Roumanie (2012)
Angelia Margareta  Kreuger de Roumanie (1986)
Courtney Bianca Kreuger de Roumanie Knight (2007)
Diana Knight  Kreuger de Roumanie (2011)
Princess Maria of Romania (1964)
King Paul of Greece (1901-1964)**
Princess Irene of Greece & Denmark, The Duchess of Aosta (1904-1974)
Prince  Amedeo Umberto of Savoy-Aosta (1943)
Princess Bianca of Savoy-Aosta (1966)
Viola Arrivabene-Valenti-Gonzaga (1991)
Vera Arrivabene-Valenti-Gonzaga (1993)
Mafalda Arrivabene-Valenti-Gonzaga (1997)
Maddalena Arrivabene-Valenti-Gonzaga (2000)
Leonardo Arrivabene-Valenti-Gonzaga (2001)
Prince Aimone of Savoy-Aosta, Duke of Aosta (1967)
Prince Umberto of Savoy-Aosta, Prince of Piedmont(2009)
Prince Amedeo Michele of Savoy-Aosta, The Duke of the Abruzzi (2011)
Princess Isabella Vita Marina of Savoy-Aosta (2012)
Princess Mafalda of Savoy-Aosta (1969)
Nob. Anna Lombardo di San Chirico (2002)
Nob. Carlo Lombardo di San Chirico (2003)
Nob. Elena Lombardo di San Chirico (2004)
Ginevra Maria Gabriella van Ellinkhuizen (2006)
Princess Katherine of Greece & Denmark, Lady  Brandram (1913-2007)
Richard Paul George Andrew Brandram (1948-2020)
Sophie Eila Brandram- Voelcker (1981)
Maximillian Walter Voelcker (2018)
Alexander Paul Voelcker (2019)
Nicholas George Brandram (1982)
Alexia Katherine Brandram-Hicks (1985)
Theodora Katherine Anne Hicks (2019)
Princess Margarete Beatrice Feodora of Prussia, Landgrivine of Hesse (1872-1954)
Prince Friedrich Wilhelm of Hesse-Kassel (1893-1916)
Prince Maximilian of Hesse-Kassel (1894-1914)
Philipp, Prince and Landgrave of Hesse (1896-1980)
Prince Moritz Friedrich, Landgrave of Hesse (1926-2013)
Princess Mafalda of Hesse (1965)
Tatiana Galdo (1992)
Polissena Galdo (1993)
Count Cosmo Brachetti Peretti (2000)
Count Briano Brachetti Peretti (2002)
Donatus, Prince and Landgrave of Hesse (1966)
Princess Paulina of Hesse (2007)
Hereditary Prince Moritz of Hesse (2007)
Prince August of Hesse (2012)
Princess Elena Elisabeth Madeleine of Hesse (1967)
Madeleine Immacolata Tatiana Theresa Caiazzo (1999)
Prince Philip Robin of Hesse (1970)
Princess  Elena Margherita Lotti Christiane Elisabeth of Hesse (2006)
Prince Tito of Hesse (2008)
Princess Mafalda of Hesse (2014)
Prince Wolfgang of Hesse-Kassel (1896-1989)
Prince Richard Wilhelm Leopold of Hesse-Kassel (1901-1969)
Prince Christoph Ernst August of Hesse (1901-1943)
Princess Christina Margarethe of Hesse (1933-2011)
Princess Maria Tatiana ("Tania") of Yugoslavia (1957)
Sonja  Thune-Larsen (1992)
Olga Thune-Larsen (1995)
Prince Christopher (1960-1994)
Helen Sophia van Eyck (1963)
Sascha Alexandra Sophia Harman (1986)
Pascale Olivia Harman (1989)
Mark Nicholas van Eyck (1966)
Princess Dorothea Charlotte Karin of Hesse (1934-2002?)**
Princess Marina Margarita of Windisch-Grätz (1960)
Réka Dorothea Sita Jakabffy (1988)
Sophia Magdolna Jakabffy (1989)
Princess Clarissa Elisabeth Fiore of Windisch-Grätz (1966)
Michel Jean Henri de Waele (1986)
Raphaël de Waele (2013)
Lucy de Waele (2015)
Mathieu Paul Philippe de Waele (1988)
Rubi Jade de Waele (1994)
Prince Karl Adolf Andreas of Hesse (1937)
Prince Christoph  of Hesse (1969)
Princess Irina of Hesse (1971)
Valentin Polycarp von Schönburg-Glauchau  (2005)
Prince Rainer Christoph Friedrich of Hesse (1939)
Princess Clarissa Alice of Hesse (1944)
Johanna von Hesse (1980)
The Prince Albert Edward, AKA Edward VII (1841-1910)
Prince Albert Victor, The Duke of Clarence & Avondale (1864-1892)
Prince George Frederick Ernest Albert AKA George V (1865-1936)
Prince Edward, The Duke of Windsor aka  Edward VIII ( 1894-1972)
The Princess Victoria Alexandra Alice Mary, The Princess Royal, The Countess of Harewood ( 1897-1965)
George Henry Hubert Lascelles, 7th Earl of Harewood (1923-2011)
David Henry George Lascelles , The 8th Earl of Harewood (1950)
Lady Emily Tsering Shard (1975)
Issac Shand (2009)
Ida Shand (2009)
Otis Shand (2011)
The Hon. Benjamin George Lascelles (1978)
Mateo Lacelles (2013)
Alexander Edgar Lascelles, Viscount Lascelles (1980)
Leo Cyrus Anthony Lascelles (2008)
The Hon  Ivy Lascelles (2018)
The Hon. Edward David Lascelles (1982)
The Honourable James Lascelles (1953)
Sophie Amber Lascelles- Pearce (1973)
Lilianda Pearce (2010)
Tanit Lascelles (1981)
Tewa Ziyane Robert George Lascelles (1985)
Son 1 (2014)
The Hon. Mark Hubert Lascelles (1964)
Charlotte Patricia Lascelles (1996)
Imogen Mary Lascelles (1998)
Miranda Rose Lascelles (2000)
Gerald David Lascelles (1924-1998)
Henry Ulick Lascelles (1953)
Maximilian John Gerald Lascelles (1991)
Martin David Lascelles (1962)
Georgina Elizabeth Douet-Lascelles (1988)
Alexander Joshua Lascelles (2002)
Prince Henry William Frederick Albert , The Duke of Gloucester (1900-1974)
Prince William  Henry Andrew Frederick of Gloucester (1941-1972)
Prince Richard Alexander Walter George, The Duke of Gloucester (1944)
Alexander Patrick Gregers Richard Windsor, The Earl of Ulster (1974)  
Xan Richard Anders Windsor, Lord Culloden (2007)
Lady Cosima Rose Alexandra Windsor (2010)
Lady Davina Elizabeth Alice Benedikte Windsor (1977)
Senna Kowhai Lewis (2010)
Tane Mahuta Lewis (2012)
Lady Rose Gilman (1980)
Lyla Beatrix Christabel Gilman (2010)
Rufus Gilman (2012)
Prince George Edward , The Duke of Kent (1902-1942)
Prince Edward, The Duke of Kent (1935)
George Windsor, The Earl of St. Andrews (1962)
Edward, Lord Downpatrick (1988)
Lady Marina-Charlotte Windsor (1992)
Lady Amelia Windsor (1995)
Lady Helen Marina Lucy Taylor (1964)
Columbus George Donald Taylor (1994)
Cassius Edward Taylor (1996)
Eloise Olivia Katherine Taylor (2003)
Estella Olga Elizabeth Taylor (2004)
Lord Nicholas Charles Edward Jonathan Windsor (1970)
Albert Louis Philip Edward Windsor (2007)
Leopold Ernest Augustus Guelph Windsor (2009)
Louis Arthur Nicholas Felix Windsor (2014)
Lord Patrick Windsor (1977-1977)
Princess Alexandra Helen Elizabeth Olga Christabel of Kent, The Hon. Lady Ogilvy (1936)
James Robert Bruce Ogilvy (1964)
Flora Alexandra Ogilvy (1994)
Alexander Charles Ogilvy (1996)
Marina Victoria Alexandra Ogilvy (1966)
Zenouska May Mowatt (1990)
Christian Alexander Mowatt (1993)
Prince Michael  George Charles Franklin of Kent (1942)
Lord Frederick  Michael George David Louis Windsor (1979)
Maud Elizabeth Daphne Marina Windsor (2013)
Isabella Alexandra May Windsor (2016)
Lady Gabriella  Marina Alexandra Ophelia Kingston (1981)
Prince  John Charles Francis of the United Kingdom (1905-1915)
The Princess Louise  Victoria Alexandra Dagmar, The Princess Royal. & Duchess of Fife (1867-1931)
Alastair Duff, Marquess of Macdufff (1890 -1890)
Princess Alexandra  Victoria Alberta Edwina Louise of Connaught, Duchess of Fife (1891-1959)
Prince Arthur Frederick Patrick Albert of Connaught ( 1883-1938)
Alastair Arthur Windsor, 2nd Duke of Connaught and Strathearn (1914-1943)
Princess Maud, The Countess of Southdesk (1893-1945)
James George Alexander Bannerman Carnegie, 3rd Duke of Fife (1929 -2015)
Son (1958-1958)
The Lady Alexandra Clare Carnegie (1959)
Amelia Mary Etherington (2001)
David Carnegie, 4th Duke of Fife (1961)
Charles Duff Carnegie, Earl of Southesk (1989)
Lord George William Carnegie (1991)
Lord Hugh Alexander Carnegie (1993)
Princess Victoria  Alexandra Olga Mary of  the United Kingdom (1868-1935)
Queen Maud Charlotte Mary Victoria of Norway, Princess of Wales (1869-1938)
King Olav V of Norway (1903-1991)
Princess Ragnhild Alexandra, Mrs Lorentzen (1930-2012)
Haakon Lorentzen (1954)
Olav Alexander Lorentzen (1985)
Christian Frederik Lorentzen (1988)
Sophia  Lorentzen (1994)
Ingeborg Lorentzen (1957)
Victoria Ragna Lorentzen Ribeiro (1988)
Frederik Sven Lorentzen Falcão (2016)
Ragnhild Alexandra Lorentzen (1968)
Alexandra Joyce Lorentzen Long (2007)
Elizabeth Patricia Lorentzen Long (2011)
Princess Astrid Maud Ingeborg, Mrs. Ferner (1932)
Cathrine Ferner-Johansen (1962)
Sebastien Ferner Johansen (1990)
Nicoline Johansen (2019)
Madeleine Ferner Johansen (1993)
Benedikte  Ferner- Stange (1963)
Alexander Ferner (1965)
Edward Ferner (1996)
Stella Ferner (1998)
Elizabeth Ferner- Beckmann (1969)
Benjamin Ferner Beckmann (1999)
Carl-Christian Ferner (1972)
Fay Ferner (2018)
King Harald V of Norway
Princess Märtha Louise of Norway (1971)
Maud Angelica Behn (2003)
Leah Isadora Behn (2005)
Emma  Tallulah Behn (2008)
Crown Prince Haakon of Norway (1973)
Princess Ingird Alexandra of Norway (2004)
Prince Sverre Magnus of Norway (2005)
Prince Alexander John of Wales (1871-1871)
The Princess Alice Maud Mary, Grand Duchess of Hesse and by Rhine (1843-1878)
Princess Victoria Alberta Elisabeth Mathilde Marie  of Hesse and by Rhine, later Victoria Mountbatten,  Marchioness of Milford Haven (1863 – 1950) 
Princess Alice of Battenburg, later Princess Andrew of Greece & Denmark (1885-1969)
Princess Margarita of Greece and Denmark (1905-1981)
Kraft, 9th Prince of Hohenlohe-Langenburg  (1935-2004)
Princess Cécile Marita Dorothea of Hohenlohe-Langenburg (1967)
Philipp Gottfried Alexander, Prince ofHohenlohe-Langenburg (1970)
Max Leopold Ernst Kraft Peter, Hereditary Prince of Hohenlohe-Langenburg (2005)
Prince Gustav Philipp Friedrich Alexander of Hohenlohe-Langenburg (2007)
Princess Marita Saskia Friedelinde Charlotte of Hohenlohe-Langenburg (2010)
Princess Xenia Margarita Anne of Hohenlohe-Langenburg (1972)
Ferdinand Gabriele Kraft Soltmann (2005)
Louisa Marei Charlotte Soltmann (2008)
Princess Beatrix Alice Marie Melita Margarete of Hohenlohe-Langenburg (1936–1997)
Prince Georg Andreas Heinrich of Hohenlohe-Langenburg (1938)
 Princess  Katharina Clementine Beatrix of Hohenlohe-Langenburg (1972)
Princess Laetitia Antoinette Julia Tatjana Felicitas of Waldeck and Pyrmont (2003)
Princess Alexia Natalie Luise Tatjana Maresa of Waldeck and Pyrmont (2006)
Princess Tatianja Luise of Hohenlohe-Langburg (1975)
Carl Stephan (2012)
Wolf Stephan  (2013)
Prince  Ruprecht of Hohenlohe-Langenburg(1944-1978)
Prince Albrecht ofHohenlohe-Langenburg (1944-1992)
Prince Ludwig of Hohenlohe-Langenburg (1976)
Princess Theodora of Greece & Denmark, Margravine of Baden (1906-1969)
Princess Margarita of Baden(1932-2013)
Prince Nikola of Yugoslavia (1958)
Princess Marija of Yugoslavia (1993)
Princess Katarina of Yugoslavia (1959)
Victoria Marie Esmé Margarita de Silva (1991)
Prince Maximilian Andreas Friedrich Gustav Ernst August Bernhard , Margrave of Baden (1933)
Princess Marie Louise of Baden (1969)
Sophia Baker (2001)
Prince Bernhard of Baden (1970)
Prince Leopold Bernhard of Baden (2002)
Prince Friedrich Bernhard of Baden (2004)
Prince Karl-Wilhelm Bernhard of Baden (2006)
Prince Leopold Max Christian Ludwig Clemens Hubert of Baden (1971)
Prince Michael Max Andreas of Baden (1976)
Prince Ludwig Wilhelm Georg Ernst Christoph of Baden (1937)
Princess Sophie Thyra Josephine Georgine Henriette of Baden (1975)
Prince Berthold Ernst-August Emich Rainer of Baden (1976)
Princess Aglaë Margarete Tatiana Mary of Baden (1981)
Princess Cecile of Greece & Denmark (1911-1937)
Prince Ludwig Ernst Andreas of Hesse and by Rhine  (1931-1937)
Prince Alexander  Georg Karl Heinrich  of Hesse and by Rhine (1933-1937)
Princess Johanna of Hesse and by Rhine (1936-1939)
Stillborn son (1937-1937)
Princess Sophie, Princess of Greece & Denmark, Princess of Hesse, Princess of Hanover  (1914-2001)*
Prince Philip, The Duke of Edinburgh (1921)
The Prince Charles Arthur of Wales(1947)
Prince William Arthur Philip Louis, The Duke of Cambridge (1981)
Prince George Alexander Louis of Cambridge (2013)
Princess Charlotte Elizabeth Diana of Cambridge (2015)
Prince Louis Arthur Charles of Cambridge (2018)
Prince Henry Albert David, The Duke of Sussex (1984)
Archie Harrison Mountbatten-Windsor (2019)
The Princess Anne, The Princess Royal (1950)
Peter Mark Andrew Philips (1977)
Savannah Anne Kathleen Philips (2010)
Isla Elizabeth Philips (2012)
Zara Anne Elizabeth Philips-Tindall (1981)
Mia Grace Tindall (2014)
Lena Elizabeth Tindall (2018)
The Prince Andrew, The Duke of York (1960)
Princess Beatrice Elizabeth Mary, Countessa Mapelli-Mozzi (1988)
Princess Eugenie Victoria Helena, Mrs. Jack Brooksbank (1990)
The Prince Edward, The Earl of Wessex (1964)
The Lady Louise Alice Elizabeth Mary Mountbatten-Windsor (2004)
James Alexander Philip Theo Mountbatten-Windsor, Viscount Svern (2007)
Queen Louise Alexandra Marie Irene of Sweden (1889-1965)
Stillborn daughter (1925-1925)
Captain George Louis Victor Henry Serge Mountbatten, 2nd Marquess of Milford Haven (1892-1938)
Lady Tatiana Elizabeth Mountbatten (1917-1988)
David Michael Mountbatten, 3rd Marquess of Milford Haven (1919-1970)
George Ivar Louis Mountbatten, 4th Marquess of Milford Haven (1961)
Lady Tatiana Helen Georgia Mountbatten (1990)
Henry (Harry) David Louis Mountbatten, Earl of Medina (1991)
Lord Ivar Alexander Michael Mountbatten  (1963)
Ella Louise Georgina Mountbatten (1996
Alexandra Alix Nada Victoria Mountbatten (1998) 
Louise Luli Xenia Rose Mountbatten (2002)
Louis Francis Albert Victor Nicholas Mountbatten, 1st Earl Mountbatten of Burma (1900-1979)
Patricia Edwina Victoria Knatchbull, 2nd Countess Mountbatten of Burma (1924-2017)
Norton Louis Philip Knatchbull, 3rd Earl Mountbatten of Burma (1947)
Nicholas Louis Charles Norton Knatchbull, Lord Brabourne (1981)
Lady Alexandra Victoria Edwina Diana Knatchbull-Hooper (1982)
Inigo Norton Sebastian Mountbatten Hooper (2017)
The Hon. Leonora Louise Marie Elizabeth Knatchbull (1986-1991)
The Hon. Michael-John Ulick Knatchbull (1950),
Kelly Louise Doreen Knatchbull (1988) 
Savannah Knatchbull (2001)
The Hon. Anthony Knatchbull (born and died 6 April 1952)
Lady Joanna Edwina Doreen Knatchbull (1955)
Eleuthera Roselyne Patricia Pernot du Breuil (1986)
Alexander Azriel John David Zuckerman (2002)
Lady Amanda Patricia Victoria Ellingworth (1957)
Luke Ellingworth (1991)
Joseph Ellingworth (1992)
Louis Ellingworth (1995)
The Hon. Philip Wyndham Ashley Knatchbull (1961),
Daisy Isadora Louise Knatchbull (1992)
Frederick Michael Hubert Knatchbull (2003)
John Robin Rocky Knatchbull ( 2004)
The Hon. Nicholas Timothy Charles Knatchbull (1964-1979)
The Hon. Timothy Nicholas Sean Knatchbull (1964)
Amber Diana Patricia Knatchbull (2000)
Milo Columbus John Knatchbull (2001)
Ludovic David Nicholas Knatchbull (2003)
Isla Selina Edwina Knatchbull (2005)
Wilhelmina "Willa" Victoria Agatha Knatchbull (2008)
Lady Pamela Carmen Louise Hicks (1929)
Edwina Victoria Louise Hicks (1961)
Maddison May Brudenell (1994)
Jordon Anne Brudenell (1995)
Rowan Michael David Brudenell (2001)
Ashley Louis David Hicks (1963)
Angelica Margherita Edwina Hicks (1992)
Ambrosia Maria Elizabeth Hicks (1997)
Caspian Donald Hicks (2018) 
Horatio Valentine Hicks (2019)
India Amanda Caroline Hicks (1967)
Felix Austen Flint Wood (1997)
Amory John Flint Wood (1999)
Conrad Lorenzo Flint Wood (2003)
Domino Carmen Flint Wood (2007)
Grand Duchess Elizabeth Feodorovna of Russia (1864-1918)
Princess Irene of Hesse by Rhine ( 1866–1953)*
Grand Duchess  Alexandra Feodorovna of Russia (1872-1918)
Grand Duchess Olga Nikolaevna of Russia (1895-1918)
Grand Duchess Tatiana Nikolaevna of Russia(1897-1918)
Grand Duchess Maria Nikolaevna of Russia (1899-1918)
Grand Duchess Anastasia Nikolaevna of Russia (1901-1918)
Tsesarevich Alexei of Russia (1904-1918)
Princess Marie Viktoria Feodora Leopoldine of Hesse and by Rhine (1874-1878)
The Prince Alfred, The Duke of Edinburgh, The Duke of Saxe-Coburg und Gotha (1844-1900)
Alfred Alexander Ernest William Albert, Hereditary Prince of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha (1874-1879)
Queen Marie Alexandra Victoria of Romania (1875-1938)
King Carol II of Romania ( 1893 -1953)
Mircea Grigore Carol Hohenzollern (1920-2006)
Paul-Philippe Hohenzollern (1948) 
Carol Ferdinand  Hohenzollern (2010) 
Ion George Nicholas Alexander Lambrino Hohenzollern (1961)*
Grand Duchess Victoria Feodorovna of Russia (1876-1936) 
Princess Elisabeth Marie Alice Viktoria of Hesse and by Rhine (1895-1903)
Grand Duchess Maria Kirillovna of Russia (1907-1951) 
Emich Kyrill Ferdinand Hermann, Prince of Leiningen (1926 -1991) 
Princess Melita Elisabeth Bathildis Helene Margarita of Leiningen (1951) 
Prince  Karl Emich Nikolaus Friedrich Hermann of Leiningen (1952)
Princess Cécilia of Leiningen (1988) 
Princess Theresa Anna Elisabeth of Leiningen (1992) 
  Prince Emich of Leiningen (2010)
Andreas, Prince of Leiningen (1955)*
Princess Stephanie Margarita of Leiningen (1958)
Prince Karl Vladimir Ernst Heinrich of Leiningen (1928-1990) 
Prince Karl Boris Frank Markwart of Leiningen (1960) 
Prince Nicholas of Leiningen (1991)
Prince Karl of Leiningen (2001)
Princess Julianna of Leiningen (2003)
Prince Hermann Friedrich Roland Fernando of Leiningen (1963)
Princess Tatiana  of Leiningen (1989)
Princess Nadia of Leiningen (1991)
Princess Alexandra of Leiningen (1997)
Princess Kira of Leiningen (1930-2005)
Princess Lavinia Marie of Yugoslavia (1961)
Nadya Marie Sidiropoulos  (1987)
Andrej Aristotle Sidiropoulos (1990)
Luca Orlando Christopher Prichard-Levy (2000)
Prince Karl Vladimir Cyril Andrej of Yugoslavia (1964)
Prince Kirill of Yugoslavia (2001-2001)
Prince Dimitri Ivan Mihailo of Yugoslavia (1965)
Princess  Margarita Ileana Viktoria Alexandra  of Leiningen (1932-1994)
Prince Friedrich Wilhelm Ferdinand Joseph Maria Manuel Georg Meinrad Fidelis Benedikt Michael Hubert of Hohenzollern (1952)
Prince Alexander Friedrich Antonius Johannes of Hohenzollern (1987)
Princess Philippa Marie Carolina Isabelle of Hohenzollern ( 1988)
Princess Flaminia Pia Eilika Stephanie of Hohenzollern, Baroness von Stipsicz de Ternova (1992)
Princess Antonia Elisabeth Georgina Tatiana of Hohenzollern (1995)
Prince Albrecht Johannes Hermann Meinrad Hubertus Michael Stephan of Hohenzollern (1954)
Princess Josephine Marie Isabelle Sophia Margarete of Hohenzollern (2002)
Princess Eugenia Bernadette Maria Theresia Esperanza of Hohenzollern (2005)
Prince Ferdinand of Hohenzollern (1959)
Prince Aloys Maria Friedrich Karl of Hohenzollern (1999)
Prince Fidelis Maria Anton Alexis Hans of Hohenzollern (2001)
Princess  Victoria Margaritta Sielinde Johanna Isabella Maria of Hohenzollern (2004)
Princess Mechtilde Alexandra of Leiningen (1936)
Ulf-Karl Bauscher (1963)
Franka Silke Stephanie Bauscher (1996)
Erik Johann Berthold Bauscher (1998)
Lorenz Bauscher (2002) 
Berthold Alexander Eric Bauscher (1965) 
Johann Karl Joachim Fritz Markwart Bauscher ( 1971)
Prince Friedrich of Leiningen (1938 –1998)
Prince Peter viktor of Leiningen (1942-1943)
Grand Duchess Kira Kirillovna of Russia (1909 –1967)
Prince Friedrich Wilhelm of Prussia (1939-2015)**
Princess Alexandra Louise Olga Victoria of Hohenlohe-Langenburg (1878-1942)
Gottfried Hermann Alfred Paul Maximilian Viktor , 8th Prince of Hohenlohe-Langenburg (1897-1960)**
Princess Beatrice Leopoldine Victoria of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha, The Duchess of Galliera (1884-1966)
Álvaro de Orleans y Sajonia-Coburgo-Gotha, Duke of Galliera (1910-1997)
Donna Gerarda de Orléans-Borbón y Parodi-Delfino (1939)
Carla d'Orléans-Borbón Saint- de Haro y Fernández de Córdoba (1967)
Nicolás de Haro y Saint (2001)
Sofia de Haro y Saint  2004)
Mateo de Haro y Saint (2007)
Marc d'Orléans-Borbón Saint (1969)
Christopher Saint-Campogna (1990)
Don Alonso de Orléans-Borbón y Parodi-Delfino (1941-1975)
Don Alfonso de Orleans-Borbón y Ferrara-Pignatelli, Duke of Galliera (1968)
Don Alonso Juan de Orleans-Borbón y Goeders (1994)
Don Alvaro de Orléans-Borbón y Ferrara-Pignatelli (1969)
Don Aiden de Orléans-Borbón y Acosta (2009)
Doña Amelia de Orléans-Borbón y Acosta (2017)
Donna Beatriz de Orléans-Borbón y Parodi-Delfino (1943)
Gerardo Alfonso dei Conti Farini (1967 )
Luisa Farini
Alessandra Farini
Elena Gioia dei Conti Farini (1969)
Claudia de Haro y Farini (2000)
Tomás de Haro y Farini (2003)
Elena Gioia dei Conti Farini (1969)
Claudia de Haro y Farini ( 2000)
Tomás de Haro y Farini (2003)
Don Alvaro-Jaime de Orléans-Borbón y Parodi-Delfino (1947
Pilar de Orléans-Borbón y San Martino d'Agliè (1975)
Felix Henderson-Stewart (2007)
Louis Henderson-Stewart (2008)
Daria Henderson-Stewart (2009)
Xenia Henderson-Stewart (2011)
James Henderson-Stewart (2012)
Pedro Henderson-Stewart (2014)
Andrés de Orléans-Borbón y San Martino d'Agliè (1976)
Ines de Orleáns-Borbón y van Exter (2010)
Eugenia de Orleáns-Borbón y van Exter (2011)
Alois de Orléans-Borbón y San Martino d'Agliè (1979)
Alonso de Orléans y Solís (2010)
Donna Eulalia de Orléans-Borbón y Rendina (2006)
Alonso María Cristino Justo de Orleans y Sajonia-Coburgo-Gotha (1912– 1936) 
Don Ataúlfo de Orleans y Sajonia-Coburgo-Gotha (1913-1974)
The Princess Helena Augusta Victoria, Princess of Schleswig-Holstein-Sonderburg-Augustenburg (1846-1923) 
Prince Christian Victor  Albert Louis Ernst Anton of Schleswig-Holstein  (1867-1900)
Prince Albert John Charles Frederick Alfred George of Schleswig-Holstein , The  Duke of Schleswig-Holstein  (1869-1931)
Valerie Marie Schwalb zu Schleswig-Holstein (1900-1953)
Princess  Victoria Louise Sophia Augusta Amelia Helena of Schleswig-Holstein (1870-1948)
Princess  Franziska Josepha Louise Augusta Marie Christina Helena of Schleswig-Holstein (1872-1956) 
The Princess Louise Caroline Alberta, The Duchess of Argyll (1848-1939)
The Prince Arthur William Patrick Albert; ,Duke of Connaught and Strathearn (1850-1942)
Princess  Margaret Victoria Charlotte Augusta Norah of Connaught (1882-1920)
Prince Gustaf Adolf Oscar Fredrik Arthur Edmund of Sweden, Duke of Västerbotten (1906-1947) 
Princess Margaretha Désirée Victoria, Mrs. Ambler (1934)
Baroness Sibylla Louise von Dincklage (1965)
Freiin Madeleine Charlotte Margarethe von Dincklage (1999)
Sebastian Eric Henning Freiherr von Dincklage (2000)
Charles Edward Ambler (1966)
Sienna Rose Ambler (2000)
India Tani Ambler (2003)
James Patrick Ambler (1969)
Lily Elektra Ambler(2003)
Oscar Rufus Ambler (2004)
Princess Birgitta Ingeborg Alice of Sweden, Princess of Hohenzollern (1937)
Prince Carl Christian of Hohenzollern (1962)
Prince Nicolas Johann Georg Maria of Hohenzollern (1999)
Princess Désirée of Hohenzollern (1963)
Hereditary Count Carl-Theodor Georg Philipp Maria of Ortenburg (1992)
Count Frederik Hubertus Ferdinand Maria of Ortenburg (1995)
Countess Carolina Maria Franziska Christina Stephanie of Ortenburg(1997)
Prince Hubertus of Hohenzollern (1966)
Prince Lennart Carl Christian of Hohenzollern (2001-2001)
Princess Désirée Elisabeth Sibylla,  Baroness Silfverschiöld (1938)
Baron Carl Otto Edmund Silfverschiöld (1965)
Anna Margareta Sybilla Désirée Silfverschiold (2006)
Baroness Kristina-Louise Silfverschiold (1966)
Estelle Louise Désirée Gerard, Friherinna de Greer af Finspäng(2000)
Ian Carl Gerard, Friherre de Greer af Finspäng (2002)
Fred Louis Gerard, Friherre de Greer af Finspäng (2004)
Baroness Hélène Ingeborg Sibylla Silfverschiold, Baroness Silfverschiold (1968)
Princess Christina Louise Helena, Mrs. Magnuson (1943)
Carl Gustaf Victor Magnusson (1975)
Désirée Elfrida Christina Magnuson (2014)
Tord Oscar Fredrik Magnusson (1977)
Albert Magnusson (unknown year)
Henri Magnusson (unknown year)
Victor Edmund Lennart Magnusson (1980)
Edmund Magnuson (2012)
Sigvard Magnuson (2015)
King Carl XVI Gustaf  Folke Hubertus of Sweden (1946)
Crown Princess Victoria  Ingrid Alice Désirée of Sweden, The Duchess of  Västergötland (1977) 
Princess Estelle Silvia Ewa Mary of Sweden, The Duchess of  Östergötland (2012)
Prince Oscar Carl Olof of Sweden, The Duke of  Skåne (2016)
Prince Carl Philip  Edmund Bertil of Sweden, The Duke of  Värmland (1979)
Prince Alexander Erik Hubertus Bertil, The Duke of Södermanland (2016)
Prince Gabriel Carl Walther, The Duke of Dalarna (2017)
Princess Madeline of Sweden, The Duchess of Hälsingland and Gästrikland (1982)
Princess Leonore Lilian Maria, The Duchess of Gotland (2014)
Prince Nicolas Paul Gustaf ,The Duke of Angermanland (2015)
Princess Adrienne Josephine Alice, The Duchess of Blekinge (2018)
Sigvard Oscar Fredrik Bernadotte, Prince Bernadotte, Count of Wisborg (1907-2002) 
Michael  Alexander Sigvard Bernadotte  (1944)
Kajsa Michaele Sophia Bernadotte, Countess af Wisborg (1980)
Daughter (year unknown)
Queen Ingrid Victoria Sofia Louise Margareta of Denmark, Princess of Sweden (1910-2000)
Queen Margrethe II Alexandrine Þórhildur Ingrid of Denmark (1940)
Crown Prince Frederik André Henrik Christian of Denmark (1968)
Prince Christian Valdemar Henri John of Denmark (2005)
Princess Isabella Henrietta Ingrid Margrethe of Denmark (2007)
Prince Vincent Frederik Minik Alexander of Denmark (2011)\
Princess Josephine Sophia Ivalo Mathilda of Denmark (2011)
Prince Joachim Holger Waldemar Christian of Denmark (1969)
Prince Nikolai William Alexander Fredrick of Denmark (1999)
Prince Felix Henrik Valdemar Christian of Denmark (2002)
Prince Henrik Carl Jochim Alin of Denmark (2009)
Princess Athena Marguerite Françoise Marie of Denmark (2012)
Princess Benedikte Astird Ingeborg Ingrid of Denmark, Princess of Sayn-Wittgenstein-Berleburg (1944)
Gustav, 7th Prince of Sayn-Wittengenstein-Berleburg (1969)
Princess Alexandra of Sayn-Wittengenstein-Berleburg, Countess Ahlefeldt-Laurvig-Bille (1970)
Count Fredrich von Pfeil und Klein-Ellguth (1999)
Countess Ingrid Alexandra von Pfeil und Klein-Ellguth (2003)
Princess Nathalie of Sayn-Wittengenstein-Berleburg (1975)
Master Konstantin Gustav Heinrich Richard Johannsmann (2010)
Miss Louisa Margareta Benedikte Hanna Johannsmann (2015)
Queen Anne-Marie of Greece (1946)
Princess Alexia of Greece and Denmark (1965)
Miss Arrietta Morales y de Grecia (2002)
Miss Ana María Morales y de Grecia (2003)
Mr. Carlos Morales y de Grecia (2005)
Amelia Morales y de Grecia (2007)
Crown Prince Pavlos of Greece & Denmark (1968)
Princess Maria Olympia of Greece & Denmark (1996)
Prince Constantine-Alexios of Greece & Denmark(1998)
Prince Achileas-Andreas of Greece & Denmark(2000)
Prince Odysseus-Kimon of Greece & Denmark(2004)
Prince Aristidis-Stavros of Greece & Denmark (2008)
Prince Nikolas of Greece & Denmark (1969)
Prince Theodora of Greece & Denmark (1983)
Prince Philippos of Greece & Denmark (1986)
Prince Bertil Gustaf Oskar Carl Eugén, Duke of Halland (1912-1997)
Carl Johan Arthur Bernadotte, Prince Bernadotte, Count of Wisborg (1916-2012)
Prince Arthur Frederick Patrick Albert of Connaught (1883-1938)
Alastair Arthur Windsor, 2nd Duke of Connaught and Strathearn (1914 –1943)
Lady Victoria Patricia Helena Elizabeth Ramsay ( 1886-1974)
Captain Alexander Arthur Alfonso David Maule Ramsay of Mar (1919-2000)
Katharine Ingrid Mary Isabel Fraser, Mistress of Saltoun (1957)
Louise Alexandra Patricia Nicolson (1984)
Rory Thomas Malise Morshead (2015)
Frederick Charles Merlin Morshead (2018)
Juliet Victoria Katharine Nicolson (1988)
Albert Alexander Gordon Rood (2018)
Alexander William Malise Fraser (1990)
The Hon. Alice Elizabeth Margaret Ramsay (1961)
Alexander David Ramsey (1991)
Victoria Alice Ramsey (1994)
George Arthur Oliver Henry Ramsey (1995)
Oliver Henry Ramsey (1995)
Hon. Elizabeth Alexandra Mary Ramsay of Mar (1963)
The Prince Leopold George Duncan Albert  , Duke of Albany (1853-1844) 
Princess  Alice Mary Victoria Augusta Pauline,  The Countess of Athlone (1883 –1981)   
Lady May Helen Emma Abel Smith (1906-1994)
Anne Mary Sibylla Abel Smith (1932) 
Ian Richard Peregrine Liddell-Grainger of Ayton (1959)
Peter Richard Liddell-Grainger (1987)
Sophie Victoria Liddell-Grainger (1988)
May Alexandra Liddell-Grainger (1992)
Charles Montagu Liddell-Grainger (1960)
Simon Rupert Liddell-Grainger (1962)
Alice Mary Liddell-Grainger (1965)
Danilo Pietro Panaggio (1996)
Jessica Alice Panaggio (1998)
Malcom Henry Liddell-Grainger (1967)
Cameron Henry Liddell-Grainger (1997)
Colonel Richard Francis Abel Smith (1933–2004)
Katherine Emma Abel-Smith (1961)
Amelia May Beaumont Murray (1983)
Matilda Alice Murray (2012)
Archibald Peregrine Murray(2012)
George Wentworth Beaumont (1985)
Richard Christian Beaumont (1989)
Michael Patrick Beaumont (1991)
Elizabeth Alice Abel Smith (1936)
Emma Charlotte Abel Wise (1973-1974)
Rupert Alexander George Cambridge, Viscount  Trematon (1907-1928)
Prince Maurice Francis George of Teck (1910-1910)
Leopold Charles Edward George Albert, The Duke of Saxe-Coburg und Gotha (1884-1954)
Johann Leopold William Albert Ferdinand Victor , Hereditary Prince of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha (1906-1972)
Princess  Caroline Mathilde Adelheid Sibylla Marianne Erika von Sachsen-Coburg und Gotha (1933)
Margarethe-Brigitte Nielsen (1954)
Grandchild 1
Grandchild 2
Renate Christine Nielsen (1957)
Ernst Leopold, Prinz of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha (1935-1996)
Prince Hubertus von Sachsen-Coburg und Gotha (1961)
Prince Sebastian Hubertus of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha (1994)
Princess Victoria Feodora Monika of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha (1963)
Prince Falk  of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha (1990)
Prince Ernst-Josias of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha (1965-2009) 
Princess Sophie of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha (2000)
Prince Carl-Eduard Wilhelm Josias of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha (1966)
Princess Emilia Lucia Josefina of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha (1999)
Princess Johanna Carlotta Sophia of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha (2004)
Prince Friedrich Ferdinand-Christian Georg Ernst Albert of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha (1968) 
Prince Nicolaus of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha (1987)
Princess Alice-Sybilla Calma Beatrice of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha (1974)
Matthias Reiser (1999)
Carolin Monika Maria Reiser (2000)
Prince Peter Albert Friedrich Josias von Sachsen-Coburg und Gotha (1939)
Prince Peter von Sachsen-Coburg und Gotha (1964)
Prince Malte von Sachsen-Coburg und Gotha (1990)
Prince Malte Georg von Sachsen-Coburg und Gotha (1966)
Princess Sibylla Calma Marie Alice Bathildis Feodora   of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha, Princess of Sweden (1908-1972)*
Prince Dietmar Hubertus Friedrich Wilhelm Philipp of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha  (1909-1930)
Princess Caroline Mathilde Ludwige Eleanor Auguste Beatrice, Countess of Castell-Rüdenhausen (1912-1983)
Count Bertram Friedrich zu Castell-Rüdenhausen (1932)
Count Dominik zu Castell-Rüdenhausen (1965)
Count Michael zu Castell-Rüdenhausen (1967)
Count Conradin Friedrich of Castell-Rüdenhausen (1933-2011)
Countess Anne-Charlotte Catharina Victoria zu Castell-Rüdenhausen (1962)
Henrik Michael Frederik zu Castell-Rüdenhausen (1982)
Patrick Martin Conradin Rappu (1987)
Richard Valdemar Rappu (1989)
Fredrik Carl Anton Rappu (1990)
Count Carl-Eduard Friedrich Hubertus zu Castell-Rüdenhausen (1964)
Countess Sarah zu Castell-Rüdenhausen (1999)
Count Markus zu Castell-Rüdenhausen (2004)
Countess Viktoria Adelheid of Castell-Rüdenhausen (1935)
Alice Louise Esther Margot Huntington-Whiteley (1961)
Henry Alexander Sewell (1988)
Benjamin Leopold Sewell (1990)
Beatrice Helena Victoria Irene Huntington-Whiteley (1962)
Frederick Francis Thomas Augustus Grant (1999)
Ludovic William Hubertus Miles Grant (2002)
Count Hesso Fridrich zu Castell-Rüdenhausen (1940)
Calma Barbara Schnirring (1938)
Sascha Nikolaus Herbertus Berger (1960)
Tristan Lee Berger (1984)
Nicole Calma Berger (1984)
Richard Darrell Berger (1962)
Richard Jonathan Ross Wheeler Berger (1985)
Rachel Kathryn Faye Berger (2000)
Riley Emily Erin Berger (2001)
Victor Dean Berger (1963)
Mary Katherine Berger Jacobs (1985)
Samuel Clinton Berger (1965)
Wesley Berger (1967)
Maximilian Elias Berger (2001)
David Charles Berger (1968)
Dagmar Schnirring (1940)
Maria-Valeska Walz (1965)
Larissa Walz (1967)
Alexandria Evangellatos (1999-1999)
Amilia Sofia Evangellatos (2002)
Peter Michael Schnirring (1943-1966)
Prince Friedrich Josias Carl Eduard Ernst Kyrill Harald of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha  (1918-1998)
Andreas Michael Friedrich Hans Armin Siegfried Hubertus , Prince of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha, Duke of Saxony (1943)
Princess Stephanie Sibylla of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha (1972) 
 Hubertus Michael, Hereditary Prince of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha, Duke of Saxony (1975) 
Princess Katharina Victoria Elizabeth Cheryl of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha (2014)
Prince Philipp Hubertus Andreas Christian of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha (2015)
Princess Madeleine Aurelia Viktoria Carin of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha (2017)
Prince Alexander Philip of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha (1977)
Princess  Maria Claudia Sibylla of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha (1949-2016)
Maria Christine Sibylla Schäfer (1972)
Gian Martin Martens (2001)
Aimée Martens (2003)
Louis Martens (2006)
Gianetta Antonia Schäfer (1975)
Princess Beatrice Charlotte von Sachsen-Coburg und Gotha (1951)
Princess  Marie Alexandra von Sachsen-Meiningen (1978)
Prince Constantin von Sachsen-Meiningen (1980)
Prince Adrian Vinzenz Eduard von Sachsen-Coburg und Gotha (1955-2011)
Prince Simon von Sachsen-Coburg und Gotha (1985)
Prince Daniel von Sachsen-Coburg und Gotha (1988)
The Princess Beatrice Mary Victoria Feodore , Princess  of Battenberg (1857-1944)
Alexander Albert Victor Mountbatten, 1st Marquess of Carisbrooke (1886-1960) 
 Lady Iris Victoria Beatrice Grace Mountbatten (1920-1982) 
Robin Alexander Bryan    (1957)
Faith Bryan (1979)
Edward Curtis Houle (1979)
Elijha Alexander Bryan (1995)
Queen Victoria Eugenie Julia En of Spain, Princess of Battenberg (1887-1969)
Alfonso Pío Cristino Eduardo Francisco Guillermo Carlos Enrique Eugenio Fernando Antonio Venancio, Prince of Asturias (1907-1938) 
Infante Jaime Leopoldo Isabelino Enrique Alejandro Alberto Alfonso Víctor Acacio Pedro Pablo María of Spain, Duke of Segovia, Duke of Anjou (1908–1975) 
Alfonso, Duke of Anjou, Duke of Cádiz, Grandee of Spain (1936-1989)  
Don Francisco de Asís Alfonso Jaime Cristóbal Víctor José Gonzalo Cecilio de Borbón y Martínez-Bordiú, Duc de Bourbon (1972-1984)
Don Luis Alfonso Gonzalo Víctor Manuel de Borbón y Martínez-Bordiú (1974)
Princess Eugénie de Bourbon (2007)
Prince Louis de Bourbon, Duke of Burgundy (2010)
Prince Alfonso de Bourbon, Duke of Berry (2010)
Prince Henri de Bourbon, Duke of Touraine (2019)
Gonzalo Víctor Alfonso José Bonifacio Antonio María , Duke of Aquitaine (1937–2000)
Stephanie Michelle de Borbón (1968)
Nicholas Stefano Alessandro de Borbon McMasters, (1994)
Christian Alfonso de Borbon McMasters, (1995).
Jaime Sebastian McMasters de Borbon, (1996)
Richard Carl McMasters III (1998)
Alexander Leandro Joaquin Gonzalo McMasters de Borbon (2004)
Infante  Gonzalo Manuel Maria Bernardo Narciso Alfonso Mauricio de Borbón y Battenberg (1914-1934)
Lord  Leopold Arthur Louis Mountbatten (1889 –1922) 
Prince  Maurice Victor Donald of Battenberg (1891 –1914)
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qqueenofhades · 5 years
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Hello I see that your ask is open. I imagine from what I've seen that you know and like the Tennant Richard II and I only recently experienced it (had it forever but the Tenaissance is upon us at the heels of Good Omens) and I would like to invite you to share any feels or flails or complexities you might have in terms of the relationship of Shakespeare to History or Kingship to Divinity or the conflation of Queerness with Otherness etc in the context of that performance
OH NO. YOU REALLY WANT ME TO GO THERE DO YOU. 
First of all: yes, the Tennant Richard II changed my life, after I watched it with @oldshrewsburyian whilst on vacation at the start of June and had to yell at her about my feelings for like ten minutes afterward. I was just SO FASCINATED by the things it did with gender and kingship and queerness (god! It was SO GAY! I was NOT PREPARED! The kiss with Aumerle broke my brain the first time I saw it). I was compiling a preliminary bibliography for my new queer medieval book project a couple weeks ago (which is very interesting, if I do say so myself, and I am really trying to get someone to give me money to research it at their institution) and I discovered an article basically arguing that the RSC Richard II was bad because Richard was portrayed as effeminate and openly queer/bi. Now, to be mostly fair, I think it was because it wanted to critique the association of queer men with effeminacy, rather than being homophobic, but it was still…. a bad take? Or at least a substantially underdeveloped one. It never said why this was bad, it never really got into the gender politics of what it wanted to say about this performance and the queerness thereof, and I was left looking at it like… uh huh, so… what’s your point here pal? (It griped about Gregory Dolan changing the script to have Aumerle kill Richard, but given as every Shakespeare play alters the script or staging or whatever else, I was still waiting for it to say something more about that too. But no. Anyway).
My feelings about Shakespeare, queerness, and queer Shakespeare have recently been noted. I have been working my way through Shakesqueer, which is undoubtedly fascinating, though as a historian I sometimes find all this theoretical vagueness a little TOO broad and am like DEFINE SOMETHING AND SAY SOMETHING ABOUT IT RATHER THAN SAYING THAT YOU CAN’T SAY SOMETHING. But that’s a personal methodological thing on my part, and it certainly has been delightfully helpful in pointing out how none of Shakespeare’s plays are in the least Straight ™ by modern standards, even if technically none of his characters are LGBT. Obviously, they would not be constructed as such by sixteenth-century terms, but that’s another debate. He absolutely left the exact interpretative space that many productions have taken advantage of, some plays are VERY heavy on the subtext, and while critics have argued that the gender subversion and sexual fluidity is introduced only to re-establish heteronormative supremacy at the end, I think that is a fairly shallow reading. Why otherwise HAVE it so consistently, when its negotiation and presence is part of the ways in which these characters can and often have been read? Just because everyone gets married at the end of the comedies doesn’t mean that the queerness has been negated or made irrelevant. Arguably, the opposite.
Anyway, one of my main contentions in this premodern queer lives book project that I’m developing is that when we read the past as queer, we have to take care that we’re not only considering it as thus in comparison to modern heteronormativity, which we consider to be monolithic and transhistorical and applicable to all times and places. Richard Zeikowitz (among others) has made this point in Homoeroticism and Chivalry: Discourses of Male Same-Sex Desire in the 14th Century. Male desire that we would consider “queer” either in its affection or formulation was solidly mainstream, and if we read that as Queer/Other, we risk imposing an estrangement on medieval/early modern queerness that may not have necessarily existed within its community. Yes, we’re all aware of the anti-sodomitical polemics of clerical writers, but consider: why did those guys (the equivalent of right-wing religious commentators today) keep having to write things complaining about it if nobody was doing it, if it wasn’t visible or accepted at all in society, or it was only a theoretical concern that had no relevance to anyone’s daily lives? This is why it drives me so batty when the Straight Historians inevitably try the “just because it was being written about doesn’t mean anyone was doing it!!!” erasure tactic. My dude my guys my pals. How do you think rhetoric even works?
In the particular case of Richard II, there was absolutely a queer discourse/suspicion of queerness around him in his own time (see Sylvia Federico, ‘Queer Times: Richard II in thePoems and Chronicles of Late Fourteenth-Century England’) and it was part of a larger late-medieval discourse of suspected sodomy around kings and their favourites, not just in England but in other places across Europe. (Henric Bagerius and Christine Ekholst, ‘Kingsand Favourites: Politics and Sexuality in Late Medieval Europe’, and E. Amanda McVitty also talks about Richard, his favourites, chivalric masculinity and homosociality in ‘False Knights and True Men: Contesting ChivalricMasculinity in English Treason Trials, 1388–1415′). So…. yes, there is considerable leeway to depict him as queer, and Shakespeare does write it in the text in the scene where Bushy and Green are accused, prior to their execution by Bolingbroke:
You have misled a prince, a royal king,A happy gentleman in blood and lineaments,By you unhappied and disfigured clean:You have in manner with your sinful hoursMade a divorce betwixt his queen and him,Broke the possession of a royal bedAnd stain’d the beauty of a fair queen’s cheeksWith tears drawn from her eyes by your foul wrongs.
“Made a divorce betwixt his queen and him/Broke the possession of a royal bed.” Yeah, they’re Richard’s boyfriends. Both we and the Elizabethan audience would have understood it that way. Bushy, Bagot, and Green are fictional, but Robert de Vere, duke of Ireland, was Richard’s real-life favourite and was accused by Thomas Walsingham at least of sleeping with him or otherwise having some taint of an “obscene relationship”. But Richard was also notably devoted to his first wife, Anne of Bohemia, so as ever, bisexuality exists, my pals. It can go both ways.
….anyway, this swiftly got away from me, so in conclusion, let me relate an actual dream I had last night, for which we can 100% blame the heat. In it, I was watching some Shakespeare play or other, and there was a scene in which the villain dramatically pushed the blonde heroine into the arms of his muscle-bound henchmen in their flowing trousers, then turned to the hero and announced that he would do the same to him. To this, in what was supposed to probably be a defiant “you just try it” moment in other versions of fictional Shakespeare plays that my subconscious writes, the hero stared him dead in the eye, whisked his tunic off to reveal he was wearing nothing but a jeweled G-string underneath, and announced that lo, NOW HE WAS PREPARED. DO THY WORST.
I can only think that this is exactly what Shakespeare would have wanted.
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brookstonalmanac · 3 years
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Events 6.22
217 BC – Battle of Raphia: Ptolemy IV Philopator of Egypt defeats Antiochus III the Great of the Seleucid kingdom. 168 BC – Battle of Pydna: Romans under Lucius Aemilius Paullus defeat Macedonian King Perseus who surrenders after the battle, ending the Third Macedonian War. 813 – Battle of Versinikia: The Bulgars led by Krum defeat the Byzantine army near Edirne. Emperor Michael I is forced to abdicate in favor of Leo V the Armenian. 910 – The Hungarians defeat the East Frankish army near the Rednitz River, killing its leader Gebhard, Duke of Lotharingia (Lorraine). 1527 – Fatahillah expels Portuguese forces from Sunda Kelapa, now regarded as the foundation of Jakarta. 1593 – Battle of Sisak: Allied Christian troops defeat the Ottomans. 1633 – The Holy Office in Rome forces Galileo Galilei to recant his view that the Sun, not the Earth, is the center of the Universe in the form he presented it in, after heated controversy. 1774 – The British pass the Quebec Act, setting out rules of governance for the colony of Quebec in British North America. 1783 – A poisonous cloud caused by the eruption of the Laki volcano in Iceland reaches Le Havre in France. 1807 – In the Chesapeake–Leopard affair, the British warship HMS Leopard attacks and boards the American frigate USS Chesapeake. 1813 – War of 1812: After learning of American plans for a surprise attack on Beaver Dams in Ontario, Laura Secord sets out on a 30 kilometer journey on foot to warn Lieutenant James FitzGibbon. 1839 – Cherokee leaders Major Ridge, John Ridge, and Elias Boudinot are assassinated for signing the Treaty of New Echota, which had resulted in the Trail of Tears. 1870 – The United States Department of Justice is created by the U.S. Congress. 1893 – The Royal Navy battleship HMS Camperdown accidentally rams the British Mediterranean Fleet flagship HMS Victoria which sinks taking 358 crew with her, including the fleet's commander, Vice-Admiral Sir George Tryon. 1897 – British colonial officers Charles Walter Rand and Lt. Charles Egerton Ayerst are assassinated in Pune, Maharashtra, India by the Chapekar brothers and Mahadeo Vinayak Ranade, who are later caught and hanged. 1898 – Spanish–American War: In a chaotic operation, 6,000 men of the U.S. Fifth Army Corps begins landing at Daiquirí, Cuba, about 16 miles (26 km) east of Santiago de Cuba. Lt. Gen. Arsenio Linares y Pombo of the Spanish Army outnumbers them two-to-one, but does not oppose the landings. 1907 – The London Underground's Charing Cross, Euston and Hampstead Railway opens. 1911 – George V and Mary of Teck are crowned King and Queen of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland. 1911 – Mexican Revolution: Government forces bring an end to the Magonista rebellion of 1911 in the Second Battle of Tijuana. 1918 – The Hammond Circus Train Wreck kills 86 and injures 127 near Hammond, Indiana. 1940 – World War II: France is forced to sign the Second Compiègne armistice with Germany, in the same railroad car in which the Germans signed the Armistice in 1918. 1941 – World War II: Nazi Germany invades the Soviet Union in Operation Barbarossa. 1942 – World War II: Erwin Rommel is promoted to Field Marshal after the Axis capture of Tobruk. 1942 – The Pledge of Allegiance is formally adopted by US Congress. 1944 – World War II: Opening day of the Soviet Union's Operation Bagration against the Army Group Centre. 1944 – U.S. President Franklin D. Roosevelt signs into law the Servicemen's Readjustment Act of 1944, commonly known as the G.I. Bill. 1945 – World War II: The Battle of Okinawa comes to an end. 1948 – The ship HMT Empire Windrush brought the first group of 802 West Indian immigrants to Tilbury, marking the start of modern immigration to the United Kingdom. 1948 – King George VI formally gives up the title "Emperor of India", half a year after Britain actually gave up its rule of India. 1962 – Air France Flight 117 crashes on approach to Pointe-à-Pitre International Airport in Guadeloupe, killing 112 people. 1965 – The Treaty on Basic Relations between Japan and the Republic of Korea is signed. 1966 – Vietnamese Buddhist activist leader Thích Trí Quang was arrested as the military junta of Nguyen Cao Ky crushed the Buddhist Uprising. 1969 – The Cuyahoga River catches fire in Cleveland, Ohio, drawing national attention to water pollution, and spurring the passing of the Clean Water Act and the creation of the Environmental Protection Agency. 1978 – Charon, the first of Pluto's satellites to be discovered, was first seen at the United States Naval Observatory by James W. Christy. 1984 – Virgin Atlantic launches with its first flight from London to Newark. 1986 – The famous Hand of God goal, scored by Diego Maradona in the quarter-finals of the 1986 FIFA World Cup match between Argentina and England, ignites controversy. This was later followed by the Goal of the Century. Argentina wins 2–1 and later goes on to win the World Cup. 1990 – Cold War: Checkpoint Charlie is dismantled in Berlin. 2000 – Wuhan Airlines Flight 343 is struck by lightning and crashes into Wuhan's Hanyang District, killing 49 people. 2002 – An earthquake measuring 6.5 Mw strikes a region of northwestern Iran killing at least 261 people and injuring 1,300 others and eventually causing widespread public anger due to the slow official response. 2009 – A Washington D.C Metro train traveling southbound near Fort Totten station collides into another train waiting to enter the station. Nine people are killed in the collision (eight passengers and the train operator) and at least 80 others are injured. 2012 – Paraguayan President Fernando Lugo is removed from office by impeachment and succeeded by Federico Franco. 2012 – A Turkish Air Force McDonnell Douglas F-4 Phantom II fighter plane is shot down by the Syrian Armed Forces, killing both of the plane's pilots and worsening already-strained relations between Turkey and Syria. 2015 – The Afghan National Assembly building is attacked by gunmen after a suicide bombing. All six of the gunmen are killed and 18 people are injured.
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steenpaal · 5 years
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Sebastiano Ricci - Wikipedia
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Sebastiano Ricci:
Venus and Cupid
(c. 1700)
Sebastiano Ricci (1 August 1659 – 15 May 1734) was an Italian painter of the late Baroque school of Venice. About the same age as Piazzetta, and an elder contemporary of Tiepolo, he represents a late version of the vigorous and luminous Cortonesque style of grand manner fresco painting.
Early years
He was born in Belluno, the son of Andreana and Livio Ricci. In 1671, he was apprenticed to Federico Cervelli of Venice. Others claim Ricci's first master was Sebastiano Mazzoni. In 1678, a youthful indiscretion led to an unwanted pregnancy, and ultimately to a greater scandal, when Ricci was accused of attempting to poison the young woman in question to avoid marriage. He was imprisoned, and released only after the intervention of a nobleman, probably a Pisani family member. He eventually married the mother of his child in 1691, although this was a stormy union.
Following his release he moved to Bologna, where he lived near the Parish of San Michele del Mercato. His painting style there was apparently influenced by Giovanni Gioseffo dal Sole. On 28 September 1682 he was contracted by the "Fraternity of Saint John of Florence" to paint a Decapitation of John the Baptist for their oratory. On 9 December 1685, the Count of San Segundo near Parma commissioned from Ricci the decoration of the Oratory of the Madonna of the Seraglio, which he completed in collaboration of Ferdinando Galli-Bibiena by October 1687, receiving a payment of 4,482 Lira. In 1686, the Duke Ranuccio II Farnese of Parma commissioned s Pietà for a new Capuchin convent. In 1687-8 Ricci decorated the apartments of the Parmense Duchess in Piacenza with canvases recounting the life of the Farnese pope, Paul III.
Turin and return to Venice
Apparently in 1688, Ricci abandoned his wife and daughter, and fled from Bologna to Turin with Magdalen, the daughter of the painter Giovanni Peruzzini. He was again imprisoned, and nearly executed, but was eventually freed by the intercession of the Duke of Parma. The duke employed him and assigned him a monthly salary of 25 crowns and lodging in the Farnese palace in Rome. In 1692, he was commissioned to copy the Coronation of Charlemagne by Raphael in Vatican City, on behalf of Louis XIV, a task he finished only by 1694. The death of the Duke Ranuccio in December, 1694, who was also his protector, forced Ricci to abandon Rome for Milan, where by November 1695 he completed frescoes in the Ossuary Chapel of the Church of San Bernardino dei Morti. On 22 June 1697, the Count Giacomo Durini hired him to paint in the Cathedral of Monza.
In 1698, he returned to the Venetian republic for a decade. By 24 August 1700, he had frescoed the chapel of the Santissimo Sacramento in the church of Santa Giustina of Padua. In 1701, the Venetian geographer Vincenzo Maria Coronelli commissioned a canvas of the Ascension that was inserted into the ceiling of sacristy of the Basilica of the Santi Apostoli in Rome. In 1702, he frescoed the ceiling of the Blue Hall in the Schönbrunn Palace, with the Allegory of the Princely Virtues and Love of Virtue, which illustrated the education and dedication of future emperor Joseph I. In Vienna, Frederick August II, the elector Saxony, requested an Ascension canvas, in part to convince others of the sincerity of his conversion to Catholicism, which allowed him to become the King of Poland. In Venice in 1704 he executed a canvas of San Procolo (Saint Proculus) for the Dome of Bergamo and a Crucifixion for the Florentine church of San Francisco de Macci.
Florentine frescoes
In the summer of 1706, he traveled to Florence, where he completed a work that is by many considered his masterpieces. During his Florentine stay he first completed a large fresco series on allegorical and mythological themes [1] for the now-called Marucelli-Fenzi or Palazzo Fenzi (now housing departments of University of Florence). After this work, Ricci, along with the quadraturista Giuseppe Tonelli, was commissioned by the Grand Duke Ferdinando de' Medici to decorate rooms in the Pitti Palace, where his Venus takes Leave from Adonis contains heavenly depictions that are airier and brighter than prior Florentine fresco series. These works gained him fame and requests from foreign lands and showed the rising influence of Venetian painting into other regions of Italy. He was to influence the Florentine Rococo fresco painter Giovanni Domenico Ferretti.
In 1708 he returned to Venice, completing a Madonna with the Child for San Giorgio Maggiore. In 1711, now painting alongside his nephew, Marco Ricci, he painted two canvases: Esther to Assuero and Moses saved from the Nile, for the Taverna Palace.
London and Paris
He ultimately accepted foreign patronage in London, when he was provided a £770 commission by Lord Burlington for eight canvases, to be completed by him and his nephew Marco, depicting mythological frolics: Cupid and Jove, Bacchus meets Ariadne, Diana and Nymphs, Bacchus and Ariadne, Venus and Cupid, Diane and Endymion, and a Cupid and Flora.
He decorated the chapel at Bulstrode House near Gerrards Cross for Henry Bentinck, 1st Duke of Portland with a cycle of wall-paintings depicting scenes from the life of Christ. George Vertue described the scheme as "a Noble free invention. great force of lights and shade, with variety & freedom, in the composition of the parts". The chapel was demolished in the 19th century, but oil modelli still exist.[1] Ricci also designed stained glass for the Duke of Chandos' chapel at Cannons.
By the end of 1716, with his nephew, he left England for Paris, where he met Watteau, and submitted his Triumph of the Wisdom over Ignorance in order to gain admission to the Royal French Academy of Painting and Sculpture, which was granted on 18 May 1718. He returned to Venice in 1718 a wealthy man, and bought comfortable lodgings in the Old Procuratory of St. Mark. That same year, the Riccis decorated the villa of Giovanni Francesco Bembo in Belvedere, near Belluno. In 1722 he was one of twelve artists commissioned to contribute a painting on canvas of one of the apostles as part of a decorative scheme at the church of St Stae in Venice. The other artists involved included Tiepolo, Piazetti, and Pellegrini.
Last years
From 1724–9, Ricci worked intensely for the Royal House of Savoy in Turin: In 1724 he painted the Rejection of Agar and the Silenus adores the Idols, in 1725, the Madonna in Gloria, in Turin in 1726, he completed the Susanna presented to Daniel and Moses causes water to gush from the rock. In October 1727 he was admitted to the Clementine Academy of Venice.
Ricci's style developed a following among other Venetian artists, influencing Francesco Polazzo, Gaspare Diziani, Francesco Migliori, Gaetano Zompini, and Francesco Fontebasso (1709–1769).[3]
He died in Venice on 15 May 1734.
Veronese copies
Ricci made many copies from the works of Paolo Veronese, both of individual heads and of whole compositions. Some of these copies of heads were bought by George III. The king also bought a painting of the Finding of Moses which his agent, Joseph Smith, claimed was a Veronese, although this too had been painted by Ricci, either as a pastiche of Veronese's style, or a copy of a work now lost.[4] Ricci painted a supposed portrait of Andrea Palladio, attributed to Veronese and engraved by Bernard Picart for the frontispiece of the first English edition (1715) of Palladio's Four Books of Architecture. According to Rudolf Wittkower, it does not depict Palladio, but rather is entirely the invention of Ricci.[5]
Critical assessments
"Ricci, leaning at first on the example of splendid art of the Veronese, made a new ideal prevail, one of clear and rich coloristic beauty: in this he paved the way for Tiepolo. The painting of figures of the Roccoco to Venice remains incomprehensible in its evolution without Ricci... Tiepolo germinated the work started by Ricci to such a richness and splendor that it leaves Ricci in the shadows... although Sebastiano is recognized in the combative role of forerunner "(Derschau).
"He is the master of a resurrected-fifteenth century style, whose painterly features are enriched with nervous express and, typically 17th century" (Rudolf Wittkower). Wittkower in his Anthology, contrasts the facile luminous style of Ricci with the darker, more emotional intense painting of Piazzetta. Like Tiepolo, Ricci was an international artist; Piazzetta was local.
"We perceive in him that synthesis of the baroque decorativeness and individualized and substantial painting, that we will see later again in Tiepolo. On one side the influence of Cortona, directed and indirect, and on the other the observant painting of the hermit Magnasco; more intense, substantial and freed academic impulses, the airy, shining influences become, to the open air, magical coves, as well as gloomy corners. A new synthesis that opened wide new painting horizons, even if the scene is not that of a ballet, it is felt like bing in the wonders of the color, in more vibrating, acute, agile accents "(Moschini).
"At the start of the Baroque..Venetians remained isolated from the outside…from the great ideas of the baroque painting… The Ricci are the first traveling Venetian painters... and succeed to inaugurate the so-called roccoco rooms of Pitti and Marucelli palaces."(Roberto Longhi).
Ricci "brought back in the Venetian tradition a wealth of chromatic expression resolved in a new vibrating brilliance brightness…by means of the intelligent interpretation of the Veronese chromatics and of the brushstrokes of a Magnasco-like touch, from the 16th century impediments, he takes unfashionable positions against "tenebrous styles", is against the new Piazzetta – Federico Bencovich. He supplied a valid painterly idiom for ... Tiepolo to use after his defection from the Piazzettism "(Pallucchini).
"Venice, still more than Naples, collects the Ricci inheritance of the prodigioso trade of Luca Giordano... Sebastiano throws again it, widens he then, refines it for the school of Sebastiano Mazzoni "(Argan)
Portrait of a Bishop, Landesmuseum Ferdinandeum, Insbruck
Mercy (1686), New Church of the Capuchins, Parma
Frescoes in collaboration with Bibiena, (1687) Sacristy of the Fallen in Church of Santo Segundo, Parma
History and Apotheosis of Paul III (1687–1688), Farnese Palace, now Pinacoteca Civica, Piacenza
Guardian Angel (1694), Chiesa del Carmine, Pavia
Frescoes (1695), Church of San Bernardino alle Ossa, Milan
Ecstasy of St Francis (ca 1695–96), Tweed Museum of Art, Duluth, Minnesota
Last Supper (ca 1720), Museum of Fine Arts, Houston, Texas
Frescoes(1697), Duomo of Monza
Communion of St Maria Egiziaca (1698), Archconfraternity of the Duomo of the Santa Sindone, Milan
St Gregory the Great intercedes with Madonna (1700), Church of Santa Giustina, Padua
Frescoes (1700), Church of Santa Giustina, Padua
Ascension (1701), Santi Apostoli, Rome
Allegory of the princely virtues (1702), Schönbrunn Palace, Vienna
Assumption of Virgin (1702) Gemäldegalerie, Dresden[6]
Crucifixion with Virgin, John the Evangelist and Carlo Borromeo (1704), Uffizi, Florence
Procolo, Peasant Detention (1704), Duomo, Bergamo)
Vision of St. Bruno (1705) [2] [3]
Frescoes (1706–1707), Palazzi Fenzi Marucelli & Pitti, Florence
Madonna with Child (1708), San Giorgio Maggiore, Venice)[4]
Family of Darius before Alexander & Continence of Scipio (ca 1709), North Carolina Museum of Art, Raleigh
Liberation of St Peter (1710), Trescore Balneario, Bergamo, church of Saint Peter)(San Stae)[5]
Christ giving the keys to St Peter & Call of St Peter (1710), San Pietro, Bergamo
Assumption (1710), Santa Maria Maggiore, Bergamo)
Esther before Ahasuerus (1711), Palazzo Taverna, Rome
Moses saved from the waters (1711)
Sacred Family with Elizabeth and John (1712), Royal Collections, London
Frescoes for Burlington House (1712–1714), London
Cupid before Jove; Encounter of Bacchus and Ariadne; and Triumph of Galatea
Frescoes for Chiswick House (1712–14), London
Bacchus and Ariadne (National Gallery)[6]
Venus and Cupid, Diana and Endymion, Cupid and Flora, and Diana and Nymphs
Selene & Endymion (1713), London
The Resurrection (1714), Royal Hospital Chelsea, London
Triumph of Wisdom over Ignorance (1718), Louvre, Paris
Head of Woman (1718), fresco fragment, Civic Museum, Belluno
Bathsheba in her Bath (1724), Szépmuveszeti Muzeum, Budapest
Sabauda Gallery, Turin
Repudiation of Agar and Solomon adores the Idols (1724)
Madonna in Glory with archangel Gabriel and Saints Eusebio, Sebastiano & Rocco (1725)
Susanna in front of Daniel and Moses make water gush from the rock (1726)
Magdalen applies ointment to Christ's feet (1728)
St Cajetan heals the Sick (1727), Brera Gallery, Milan
Ecstasy of St. Teresa, (1727, Church of St Jerome (now St Mark), Vicenza)
Royal Palace, Turin
Hagar in the desert; Jacob blesses the sons of Joseph; Moses saved from waters; and Rebecca and Eliazer at the well (1727)
Christ and the Centurions and Wedding at Cannae, (1729), Capodimonte Museum, Naples
Communion and Martyrdom of St Lucia (1730), Church of Santa Lucia, Parma
Immaculate Conception (1730), Church of San Vitale, Venice
Madonna in Glory with Child and Angel Guardian, (1730) Scuola of the Guardian Angel, Venice
Prayer in Garden, (1730), Kunsthistorisches Museum, Vienna [7]
Self-portrait (1731), Uffizi Gallery
Pope Gregory the Great intercedes with Virgin (1731), Sant' Alessandro of the Cross, Bergamo
Pope Gregory the Great intercedes for souls in Purgatory, (1733), Saint Gervais, Paris
Pope Pio V, Saints Thomas Acquinus, & Peter Martyr (1733), Gesuati, Venice
St Francis from resuscitates child Paola and St Helen discovers True Cross, San Rocco Church, Venice
Baldassarre and Ester before Ahasuerus (1733), Quirinal Palace, Rome
Assumption (1734) Karlskirche, Vienna
References
Sources
Free translation from Italian Wikipedia entry
Giambattista Tiepolo 1698–1770 (Exhibition catalogue). New York: Metropolitan Museum of Art. 1996.
Nash, Paul W.; Savage, Nicholas (1999). Early Printed Books 1478–1840: Catalogue of the British Architectural Library, Early Imprints Collection. London: Bowker-Saur. ISBN 9781857390186.
Rizzi, Aldo. Sebastiano Ricci disegnatore, Electa – Milano 1975
Rizzi, Aldo. Sebastiano Ricci, Electa – Milano 1989
Wittkower, Rudolf (1974). Palladio and English Palladianism. London: Thames and Hudson. ISBN 9780500850015.
Wittkower, Rudolf (1993). Art and Architecture in Italy, 1600–1750. Penguin Books. pp. 480–82.
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gamlamastare · 5 years
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Två försvunna porträtt, av tolv enligt Olof Granberg. Originalen var dock målade av Tizian och lär inte ha varit i Rudolf II:s ägo. Troligen lär det ha funnits tolv kopior i Kristinas svenska samling.
The Eleven Caesars was a series of eleven painted half-length portraits of Roman emperors made by Titian in 1536-40 for Federico II, Duke of Mantua. They were among his best-known works, inspired by the Lives of the Caesars by Suetonius. Titian's paintings were originally housed in a new room inside the Palazzo Ducale di Mantova. Bernardino Campi added a twelfth portrait in 1562.
The portraits were copied by Flemish engravers in the late 16th and early 17th centuries, who added engravings of twelve Roman Empresses. Between 1627 and 1628 the paintings were sold to Charles I of England by Vincenzo II Gonzaga, and when the Royal Collection of Charles I was broken up and sold after his execution by the English Commonwealth, the Eleven Caesars passed in 1651 into the collection of Philip IV of Spain. They were all destroyed in a catastrophic fire at the Royal Alcazar of Madrid in 1734, and are now only known from copies and engravings.
OBS! Olof Granberg menar dock angående ett annat verk att samma uppdragsgivare att den via Filip IV av Spanien hamnade hos Rudolf II via Italien.  1530 af markgrefve Federigo Gonzaga af Mantua och af denne skänkt till kejsar Karl V, fördes målningen antingen af denne eller af hans son, Filij) II, till S])anien. Visst är, att taflan, dä n-ligen kommen från Spanien, kort före 1 585 befann sig i Milano och då ägdes af bildhuggaren Leone Leoni, som f(irut vistats vid spanska hofvet och där stått i hög gunst. Genom sin ambassadör, grefve Khevenhiiller, köpte kejsar Rudolf omkr. 1600 taflan. som 1648 blef krigsbyte och efter hvart annat fördes till Stockholm och till Rom samt slutligen öfver- gick till det orlcanska galleriet i Paris. 
Detta är värt att kolla upp!
https://artuk.org/discover/artworks/aelia-petina-wife-of-claudius-61578
Det finns en kopia från 1622 i England.
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newstfionline · 6 years
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A working-class suburb tells the story of Mexico’s election
By Dudley Althaus, Washington Post, July 2, 2018
VALLE DE CHALCO, Mexico--Inés Villa has been waiting since childhood for a president like Andrés Manuel López Obrador, who has been swept into office in a landslide by millions of the working poor like her.
Growing up in Valle de Chalco, a once forlorn squatter settlement on the fringe of Mexico City, the 34-year-old shopkeeper and mother of two remembers carrying water from a single community tap, walking to school on muddy, unpaved streets, helping her mother wash clothes in a drainage ditch.
All that began to change when Valle de Chalco was made the poster child of the federal government’s social investments programs three decades ago, by a president accused of winning his election fraudulently. A torrent of money paved streets, installed sewer, water and power lines, built schools.
Such largesse long kept Valle de Chalco and thousands of communities like it across Mexico loyal to the long-ruling Institutional Revolutionary Party, or PRI, and later to its political rivals that emerged through a fitful generation-long transition to democracy.
But that fealty was buried in Sunday’s election--perhaps for good--as voters overwhelmingly shunned the PRI and its traditional left and right rivals to place their faith in López Obrador, a leftist nationalist who is sharply critical of what he calls the “mafia of power”--career politicians and their allies in the business community.
The vote provided a clear signal of how pocketbook politics have become less powerful as the country has experienced rampant corruption, unhinged criminal violence and deep inequality amid an industrial boom.
“The PRI did a lot for this town over the years, really improved things,” said Villa, whose tiny grocery stands across the street from the field where Pope John Paul II once celebrated Mass to underscore the plight of Mexico’s poor. “But as the years have passed you see how they have robbed, cheated, lied and failed.
“A change has to happen,” she said.
“The same parties that assured Mexico a gradual transition to electoral democracy are today roadkill,” said Federico Estévez, a political scientist in Mexico City who has tracked the country’s political transition for the past three decades. “A majority of the electorate has said, ‘Good riddance!’”
“Mexico faces stormy times as government and business duke it out for several years,” Estévez said. But, he added, with luck, the election results can lead to a “long-term foundation for sustained support of the political system on the basis of a new social contract.”
That new contract has begun to flower here, political activists say, as neighborhood groups that long bartered votes for the PRI--and more recently the leftist Party of the Democratic Revolution--for public works have been replaced by politics waged on social media by teens and grandmothers alike.
“When you reach a certain level of well-being, the old politics don’t work anymore,” said Evaristo Lopez, a 53-year-old electrician who joined the Morena party at its founding four years ago. “People have many more sources of information, opinion and organizing now. The old ways don’t have the same power.”
Poverty still prevails here, certainly.
But the flood of government money through the past three decades has transformed most of Valle de Chalco from tin-shacked squalor into a bustling city of 400,000.
But dissatisfaction with the status quo has grown along with the greater prosperity. Freed from worrying about a roof, a bed and a daily meal, many residents have turned their sights to larger issues. López Obrador’s nationalist message and criticism of Mexico’s globalized economy struck a nostalgic nerve with many.
“We don’t love our traditions. We don’t love our culture. We have given up our economy,” said David Villarreal, 31, a dreadlocked bicycle-shop worker who stood two hours under a hot sun Sunday to cast his vote for López Obrador. “It’s a question of national identity.”
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duke-of-hellsite · 2 months
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Little treat for ya
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theroyalfanzine · 4 years
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Queen Victoria's Descendants
If you see any mistakes or can offer info on something like “Child 1” or an unknown birth or death year, please let me know.
Key
Bold names=Queen Victoria’s children
Strike through=deceased and I feel like I’ve gotten to the bottom of their line, and eventually, 20,000 years from now when I feel like I’m done with this list, I’ll delete it-after all, this is the list of Queen Victoria’s LIVING descendants.
* Descendants are already listed elsewhere on this list or the ones who would follow said person Ex:  Mark Nicholas van Eyck should be followed by  Princess Dorothea of Hesse but she and her descendants. Another example is Queen Elizabeth II & The Duke of Edinburgh’s descendants.
** I’ve seen reports that she died in 2002, but no obituary. Any ideas?
Bold and Italics together on one name denotes this person is presently the eldest and longest lived person of Queen Victoria (The Duke of Edinburgh)
The Princess Victoria, Princess Royal, German Empress (1840-1901)
Emperor Willem II of Germany (1859-1941)
Crown Prince  Friedrich Wilhelm of Prussia (1882-1951)
Prince Wilhelm of Prussia (1906–1940) 
Princess Felicitas of Prussia (1934-2009) 
Friederike Thyra Marion Wilhelmine Dorothea von der Osten(1959)
Felicitas Catharini Malina Johanna von Reiche von Heinz (1986)
Victoria Cecilie Alexandra Josephine von Reiche (1989)
Donata Friederike Diana Sophie von Reiche (1992)
Dinnies Wilhelm Karl Alexander von der Osten(1962-1989)
Hubertus Christoph Joachim Friedrich von der Osten (1964)
Cecilie Felicitas Katherina Sophie von der Osten (1967)
Julius Marxen (1998)
Victor Marxen ( 2002)
Diana Renata Friederike von Nostitz-Wallwitz (1974)
Child 1
Child 2 (2011)
Princess Christa Friederike Alexandrine Viktoria of Prussia (1936)
Prince Louis Ferdinand of Prussia (1907-1994)
Philip Kirill Prinz von Preußen (1968)
Paul Wilhelm  von Preußen (1995)
Maria Luise  von Preußen (1997)
Elisabeth Christine von Preußen (1998)
Anna Sophie  von Preußen (2001)
Johanna Amalie von Preußen (2002)
Timotheus Friedrich  von Preußen (2005)
Friedrich Wilhelm Prinz von Preußen (1979)
Friedrich Wilhelm  von Preußen (2012)
Charlotte von Preußen (born 201?)
Princess Viktoria-Luise von Preußen, Hereditary Princess of Leiningen (1982)
Princess Alexandra Ehrengard Viktoria Luise of Leiningen (2020)
Joachim Albrecht von Preußen (1984) 
Georgina  von Preußen (2018)
Prince Michael of Prussia (1940-2014)
Michaela Prinzessin von Preußen (1967)
Child 1
Child 2
Nataly Prinzessin von Preußen (1970)
Princess Marie Cécile of Prussia (1942)
Princess Kira of Prussia (1943-2004)
Kira-Marina Liepsner (1977)
Luise von Bismarck (unknown)
Sophie von Bismarck (unknown)
Prince Louis Ferdinand of Prussia (1944-1977)
Georg Friedrich, Prince of Prussia (1976)
Prince Carl Friedrich Franz Alexander of Prussia (2013)
Prince Louis Ferdinand Christian Albrecht of Prussia (2013)
Princess Emma Marie Charlotte Sophie of Prussia (2015)
Prince Heinrich Albert Johann George of Prussia (2016)
Princess Cornelie-Cecile of Prussia (1978)
Prince Christian-Sigismund of Prussia ( 1946)
Isabelle-Alexandra Prinzessin von Preußen (1969)
Prince Christian Ludwig of Prussia (1986)
Princess Irina of Prussia (1988)
Princess Xenia of Prussia (1949-1992) 
Patrick Edvard Christian Lithander(1973)
Pius Lithander ( 2005)
Hugo Lithander (2006)
Karl Lithander (2008)
Merle Lithander (2010)
Wilhelm Sebastian Lithander (1974)
Steen Lithander (2010)
Ebba Lithander (2012)
Prince  Hubertus Karl Wilhelm of Prussia (1909 -1950)
Princess Anastasia Victoria Cecilia Hermine of Prussia (1944)
Prince Carl Friedrich, Hereditary Prince of Löwenstein-Wertheim-Rosenberg (1966-2010)
Princess Augustina  of Löwenstein-Wertheim-Rosenberg (1999)
Hereditary Prince Nicodemus of Löwenstein-Wertheim-Rosenberg (2001)
Prince Laurentius of Löwenstein-Wertheim-Rosenberg (2006) 
Princess Kiliane Olympia of Löwenstein-Wertheim-Rosenberg (2008) 
Prince Hubertus of Löwenstein-Wertheim-Rosenberg (1968)
Prince Dominik Wilhelm  of Löwenstein-Wertheim-Rosenberg (2001) (1983)
Princess Marie Christine of Prussia (1947-1966)
Prince Frederick of Prussia (1911–1966) 
Prince Frederick Nicholas of Prussia (1946)
Beatrice von Preussen (1981)
Florence von Preussen (1983)
Sylvie Beatrice Selina Tollemache (2016) 
Augusta von Preussen (1986) 
Frederick (Fritz) Stormont von Preussen (1990)
Prince Andreas of Prussia ( 1947) 
Tatiana von Preussen (1980) 
Arthur Frederick Richard Womack von Preussen (2015) 
Frederick Alexander von Preussen (1984)
Princess Victoria Marina of Prussia (1952)
George Jean Achache (1980)
Francis Maximilian Frederick Achache (1982)
Prince Rupert of Prussia (1955)
Brigid von Preussen (1983)
Astrid von Preussen (1985) 
Princess Antonia of Prussia, The Duchess of Wellington (1955)
Arthur Wellesley, Earl of Mornington (1978)
Lady Mae Madeleine Wellesley (2010)
Arthur Darcy Wellesley, Viscount Wellesley (2010)
The Hon Alfred Wellesley (2014)
Lady Honor Wellesley (1979)
Walter Montagu (2005)
Nancy Jemima Montagu (2007)
Lady Mary Wellesley (1986)
Lady Charlotte Santo Domingo (1989)
Child 1 (2017)
Child 2 (2019)
Lord Frederick Wellesley (1992)
Princess Alexandrine  Irene of Prussia (1915-1980)  
Princess Cecilie of Prussia (1917–1975) 
Kira Alexandrine Harris (1954) 
Philip Louis Johnson (1985)
Prince Eitel Friedrich of Prussia (1883-1942)
Prince  Adalbert Ferdinand Berengar Viktor of Prussia (1884-1948) 
Princess Victoria Marina of Prussia (1915-1915)
Princess Victoria Marina of Prussia (1917 -1981)
Berengar Orin Bernhard Kirby Patterson (1948-2011)
Marina Adelaide Emily Patterson (1948-2011) 
William John Engel (1983) 
Dohna Maria Patterson (1954)
Prince Wilhelm Viktor of Prussia (1919-1989)
Princess Marie Louise Marina Franziska of Prussia (1945) 
Countess Sophie Anastasia of Schönburg-Glauchau (1979) 
Rudi Federico Nicolas Alacreu y Schönburg-Glauchau (2017)
Carlota Alacreu y Schönburg-Glauchau (2019)
Count Friedrich Wilhelm of Schönburg-Glauchau (1985)
Prince Adalbert Alexander Friedrich Joachim Christian (1948)
Prince Alexander of Prussia (1984)
Prince Christian of Prussia (1986)
Prince Philipp of Prussia (1986)
Prince August Wilhelm Heinrich Günther Viktor of Prussia (1887-1949) 
Prince  Alexander Ferdinand  of Prussa (1912-1985)
Prince Stephan Alexander Dieter Friedrich of Prussia (1939-1993)
Princess Stephanie Viktoria-Luise of Prussia (1966)
Aaron Emanuel Bao (1994)
Shoshana Twahia Sophie Bao (1996)
Amir Joel Tumaini Bao (1998)
Seraphine Bao (2002)
Prince Oskar Karl Gustav Adolf of Prussia (1888 -1958) 
Prince Oskar Wilhelm Karl Hans Kuno of Prussia (1915-1939)
Prince Burchard Friedrich Max Werner Georg of Prussia (1917-1988)
Princess Herzeleide of Prussia (1918-1989)
Princess Viktoria-Benigna  von Courland (1939) 
Nikolaus Maximilian Ludwig Karl Ernst-Johann Maria, Baron von Twickel
Constantin Philipp Ludwig Friedrich von Twickel
Benedikta Elisabeth Ann Lucia von Twickel
Georg von Twickel  (unknown)
Kirryl von Twickel  (unknown)
Tassilo Heinrich Alexander, Baron von Twickel (unknown)
Antonius von Twickel (unknown)
Matilda Valentina Helga Benigna von Twickel (unknown)
Ernst-Johann, Prince Biron von Courland (1940) (adopted issue)
Prince Michael Karl August Wilhelm Biron von Courland (1944)
Princess Veronika Biron von Courland (1970)
Prince Alexander Biron von Courland (1972)
Princess Stephanie Biron von Courland (1975)
Prince Wilhelm-Karl of Prussia (1922-2007)
Princess Donata-Viktoria of Prussia (1952)
Prince Wilhelm-Karl of Prussia  (1955)
Prince Oscar of Prussia (1959)
Prince Oskar of Prussia (1993)
Princess Wilhelmine of Prussia (1995)
 Prince Albert  of Prussia (1998) 
Prince Joachim Franz Humbert of Prussia (1890 -1920) 
Prince Franz Wilhelm Victor Christoph Stephan of Prussia (1943)
Grand Duke George Mikhailovich of Russia (1981)
Prince Friedrich Christian Ludwig of Prussia (1943-1943)
Prince Franz Friedrich Christian of Prussia (1944).
Alexandra Maria Prinzessin von Preussen (1960)
Désirée Anastasia Prinzessin von Preussen (1961)
Princess Viktoria Luise of Prussia, The Duchess of Brunswick (1892-1980)
Ernst August, Hereditary Prince of Brunswick, Prince of Hanover  (1914-1987)
Princess Marie of Hanover, Countess von Hochberg (1952)
Count Conrad von Hochburg (1985)
Count Georg von Hochburg (1987)
Prince Ernst August of Hanover (1954)
Hereditary Prince Ernest-August of Hanover(1983)
Princess Elisabeth Tatiana Maximiliana Iacobella Faiza of Hanover (2018)
Prince  Welf August Johannes of Hanover (2019)
Prince Christian Heinrich  of Hanover (1985)
Prince Nicolas of Hanover (2020)
Princess Sofia of Hanover (2020)
Princess Alexandra Charlotte Ulrike Marym Virginia of Hanover (1999)
Prince Ludwig Rudolph of Hanover (1955–1988)
Prince Otto Heinrich of Hanover (1988)  
Princess Olga Sophie  of Hanover (1958)
Princess Alexandra Irene of Hanover, Princess of Leiningen (1959)
Ferdinand, Hereditary Prince of Leiningen (1982)***
Princess Olga of Leiningen (1984)
Prince Hermann of Leiningen (1987)
Prince Leopold Konstantin Rainer Andreas of Leiningen (2019)
Prince Heinrich of Hanover (1961)
Prince Albert Thilo Ludwig Arndt of Hanover (1999)
Princess Eugenia of Hanover (2001)
Prince Julius of Hanover (2006)
Prince George William of Hanover (1915-2006)
Prince Welf Ernst of Hanover (1947 -1981) 
Princess Saskia of Hanover (1970) 
Son 1
Son 2
Son 3
Prince Georg of Hanover (1949) 
Princess Vera of Hanover (1976) 
Daughter 1
Daughter 2
Princess Nora of Hanover (1979)
Son 1
Son 2
Princess Friederike of Hanover (1954)
Julia Emma Cyr (1982)
Jean-Paul Welf Cyr (1985)
Queen  Friederike of The Hellenes, Princess of Hanover (1917-1981) 
Queen Sofia of Spain (1938)
Infanta Elena of Spain, The Duchess of Lugo (1963)
Don Felipe Juan Froilán de Marichalar y de Borbón (1998)
Doña Victoria Federica  de Marichalar y de Borbón (2000) 
The Infanta Cristina of Spain (1965)
Don Juan Valentín  de Urdangarin  y de Borbón (1999)
Don Pablo Nicol��s Sebastián  de Urdangarin  y de Borbón (2000)
Don Miguel de Urdangarin  y de Borbón (2002),
Doña Irene de Urdangarin  y de Borbón (2005)
King Felipe VI of Spain (1968)
Leonor, The Princess of Asturias (2005)
The Infanta Sofia of Spain (2007)
King Constantine II of The Hellenes (1940)
Princess Alexia of Greece & Denmark (1965)
Arrietta Morales y de Grecia (2002)
Ana María Morales y de Grecia (2003)
Carlos Morales y de Grecia (2005)
Amelia Morales y de Grecia (2007)
Crown Prince Pavlos of Greece, Prince of Denmark (1967)
Princess Maria-Olympia of Greece & Denmark (1996)
Prince Constantine-Alexios of Greece & Denmark(1998)
Prince Achileas-Andreas of Greece & Denmark (2000)
Prince Odysseus-Kimon of Greece & Denmark (2004)
Prince Aristidis-Stavros of Greece & Denmark(2008)
Prince Nikolaos of Greece & Denmark (1969) 
Princess Theodora of Greece & Denmark (1983) 
Prince Philippos of Grecce & Denmark (1986)
Princess Irene of Greece & Denmark (1942)
Prince Christian Oskar  of Hanover (1919-1981)
Princess Caroline-Luise Mireille Irene Sophie of Hanover (1965)
Princess Mireille Viktoria Luise of Hanover (1971)
Prince Welf Heinrich of Hanover (1923-1997)
Princess Viktoria Elisabeth Auguste Charlotte of Prussia,  Duchess Consort of Saxe-Meiningen (1860-1919)
Princess  Feodora Viktoria  of Saxe-Meiningen (1879-1945)
Prince Albert Wilhelm Heinrich  of Prussia (1862-1929)
Prince Waldemar Wilhelm  of Prussia (1889-1945)
Prince Wilhelm Viktor Karl August Heinrich Sigismund of Prussia (1896 -1978)
Princess Barbara of Prussia (1920- 1994) 
Duchess Donata of Mecklenburg (1956) 
Thyra von Solodkoff (1989)
Alix von Solodkoff (1992)
Niklot von Solodkoff (1994)
Duchess Edwina of Mecklenburg (1960)
Ludwig von Posern (1996)
Paul von Posern (1997)
Ferdinand von Posern (1999)
Prince Alfred Friedrich Ernst Heinrich Conrad of Prussia (1924-2013)
Prince  Heinrich Viktor Ludwig Friedrich of Prussia (1900-1904)
Prince Franz Friedrich Sigismund of Prussia (1864-1866) 
Princess  Friederike Amalia Wilhelmine Viktoria of Prussia (1866-1929)
Prince Joachim Friedrich Ernst Waldemar of Prussia (1868-1879)
Queen Sophia of The Hellenes, Princess of Prussia (1870 -1932) 
King George II of The Hellenes (1890-1947)
King Alexander I of The Hellenes (1893-1920)
Queen Helen, Queen Mother of Romania (1896-1992)
King Mihai of Romania (1921-2017)
Crown Princess Margareta, Custodian of the Royal Crown of Romania (1949)
Princess Elena of Romania (1950)
Nicholas de Roumanie Medforth-Mills (1985)
Baby de Roumanie Medforth-Mills (2020)
Elisabeta-Karina de Romanie Medforth-Mills (1989)
Princess Sofia of Romania (1957)
Elisabeta-Maria Biarneix (1999)
Irina Walker (1953)
Michael Torsten Kreuger de Roumanie (1984)
Kohen  Kreuger de Roumanie (2012)
Angelia Margareta  Kreuger de Roumanie (1986)
Courtney Bianca Kreuger de Roumanie Knight (2007)
Diana Knight  Kreuger de Roumanie (2011)
Princess Maria of Romania (1964)
King Paul of Greece (1901-1964)**
Princess Irene of Greece & Denmark, The Duchess of Aosta (1904-1974)
Prince  Amedeo Umberto of Savoy-Aosta (1943)
Princess Bianca of Savoy-Aosta (1966)
Viola Arrivabene-Valenti-Gonzaga (1991)
Vera Arrivabene-Valenti-Gonzaga (1993)
Mafalda Arrivabene-Valenti-Gonzaga (1997)
Maddalena Arrivabene-Valenti-Gonzaga (2000)
Leonardo Arrivabene-Valenti-Gonzaga (2001)
Prince Aimone of Savoy-Aosta, Duke of Aosta (1967)
Prince Umberto of Savoy-Aosta, Prince of Piedmont(2009)
Prince Amedeo Michele of Savoy-Aosta, The Duke of the Abruzzi (2011)
Princess Isabella Vita Marina of Savoy-Aosta (2012)
Princess Mafalda of Savoy-Aosta (1969) 
Nob. Anna Lombardo di San Chirico (2002)
Nob. Carlo Lombardo di San Chirico (2003)
Nob. Elena Lombardo di San Chirico (2004)
Ginevra Maria Gabriella van Ellinkhuizen (2006) 
Princess Katherine of Greece & Denmark, Lady  Brandram (1913-2007)
Richard Paul George Andrew Brandram (1948-2020)
Sophie Eila Brandram- Voelcker (1981) 
Maximillian Walter Voelcker (2018)
Alexander Paul Voelcker (2019)
Nicholas George Brandram (1982) 
Alexia Katherine Brandram-Hicks (1985)
Theodora Katherine Anne Hicks (2019) 
Princess Margarete Beatrice Feodora of Prussia, Landgrivine of Hesse (1872-1954)
Prince Friedrich Wilhelm of Hesse-Kassel (1893-1916)
Prince Maximilian of Hesse-Kassel (1894-1914)
Philipp, Prince and Landgrave of Hesse (1896-1980) 
Prince Moritz Friedrich, Landgrave of Hesse (1926-2013)
Princess Mafalda of Hesse (1965)
Tatiana Galdo (1992) 
Polissena Galdo (1993) 
Count Cosmo Brachetti Peretti (2000) 
Count Briano Brachetti Peretti (2002) 
Donatus, Prince and Landgrave of Hesse (1966)
Princess Paulina of Hesse (2007)
 Hereditary Prince Moritz of Hesse (2007)
Prince August of Hesse (2012)
Princess Elena Elisabeth Madeleine of Hesse (1967) 
Madeleine Immacolata Tatiana Theresa Caiazzo (1999) 
Prince Philip Robin of Hesse (1970)
Princess  Elena Margherita Lotti Christiane Elisabeth of Hesse (2006)
Prince Tito of Hesse (2008)
 Princess Mafalda of Hesse (2014) 
Prince Wolfgang of Hesse-Kassel (1896-1989)
Prince Richard Wilhelm Leopold of Hesse-Kassel (1901-1969)
Prince Christoph Ernst August of Hesse (1901-1943) 
Princess Christina Margarethe of Hesse (1933-2011)
Princess Maria Tatiana ("Tania") of Yugoslavia (1957) 
Sonja  Thune-Larsen (1992)
Olga Thune-Larsen (1995)
Prince Christopher (1960-1994)
Helen Sophia van Eyck (1963)
Sascha Alexandra Sophia Harman (1986)
Pascale Olivia Harman (1989)
Mark Nicholas van Eyck (1966) 
Princess Dorothea Charlotte Karin of Hesse (1934-2002?)**
Princess Marina Margarita of Windisch-Grätz (1960) 
Réka Dorothea Sita Jakabffy (1988)
Sophia Magdolna Jakabffy (1989)
Princess Clarissa Elisabeth Fiore of Windisch-Grätz (1966) 
Michel Jean Henri de Waele (1986) 
Raphaël de Waele (2013)
Lucy de Waele (2015)
Mathieu Paul Philippe de Waele (1988)
Rubi Jade de Waele (1994)
Prince Karl Adolf Andreas of Hesse (1937) 
Prince Christoph  of Hesse (1969)
Princess Irina of Hesse (1971)
Valentin Polycarp von Schönburg-Glauchau  (2005)
Prince Rainer Christoph Friedrich of Hesse (1939)
Princess Clarissa Alice of Hesse (1944) 
Johanna von Hesse (1980)
The Prince Albert Edward, AKA Edward VII (1841-1910)
Prince Albert Victor, The Duke of Clarence & Avondale (1864-1892)
Prince George Frederick Ernest Albert AKA George V (1865-1936)
Prince Edward, The Duke of Windsor aka  Edward VIII ( 1894-1972)
The Princess Victoria Alexandra Alice Mary, The Princess Royal, The Countess of Harewood ( 1897-1965)
George Henry Hubert Lascelles, 7th Earl of Harewood (1923-2011)
David Henry George Lascelles , The 8th Earl of Harewood (1950)
Lady Emily Tsering Shard (1975)
Issac Shand (2009)
Ida Shand (2009)
Otis Shand (2011)
The Hon. Benjamin George Lascelles (1978)
Mateo Lacelles (2013)
Alexander Edgar Lascelles, Viscount Lascelles (1980)
Leo Cyrus Anthony Lascelles (2008) 
The Hon  Ivy Lascelles (2018)
The Hon. Edward David Lascelles (1982)
The Honourable James Lascelles (1953)
Sophie Amber Lascelles- Pearce (1973)
Lilianda Pearce (2010)
Tanit Lascelles (1981)
Tewa Ziyane Robert George Lascelles (1985)
Son 1 (2014)
The Hon. Mark Hubert Lascelles (1964)
Charlotte Patricia Lascelles (1996)
Imogen Mary Lascelles (1998)
Miranda Rose Lascelles (2000)
Gerald David Lascelles (1924-1998)
Henry Ulick Lascelles (1953)
Maximilian John Gerald Lascelles (1991)
Martin David Lascelles (1962)
Georgina Elizabeth Douet-Lascelles (1988)
Alexander Joshua Lascelles (2002)
Prince Henry William Frederick Albert , The Duke of Gloucester (1900-1974)
Prince William  Henry Andrew Frederick of Gloucester (1941-1972)
Prince Richard Alexander Walter George, The Duke of Gloucester (1944)
Alexander Patrick Gregers Richard Windsor, The Earl of Ulster (1974)  
Xan Richard Anders Windsor, Lord Culloden (2007)
Lady Cosima Rose Alexandra Windsor (2010)
Lady Davina Elizabeth Alice Benedikte Windsor (1977)
Senna Kowhai Lewis (2010)
Tane Mahuta Lewis (2012)
Lady Rose Gilman (1980)
Lyla Beatrix Christabel Gilman (2010)
Rufus Gilman (2012)
Prince George Edward , The Duke of Kent (1902-1942)
Prince Edward, The Duke of Kent (1935)
George Windsor, The Earl of St. Andrews (1962)
Edward, Lord Downpatrick (1988)
Lady Marina-Charlotte Windsor (1992)
Lady Amelia Windsor (1995)
Lady Helen Marina Lucy Taylor (1964)
Columbus George Donald Taylor (1994)
Cassius Edward Taylor (1996) 
Eloise Olivia Katherine Taylor (2003)
Estella Olga Elizabeth Taylor (2004)
Lord Nicholas Charles Edward Jonathan Windsor (1970)
Albert Louis Philip Edward Windsor (2007)
Leopold Ernest Augustus Guelph Windsor (2009)
Louis Arthur Nicholas Felix Windsor (2014)
Lord Patrick Windsor (1977-1977)
Princess Alexandra Helen Elizabeth Olga Christabel of Kent, The Hon. Lady Ogilvy (1936)
James Robert Bruce Ogilvy (1964)
Flora Alexandra Ogilvy (1994)
Alexander Charles Ogilvy (1996)
Marina Victoria Alexandra Ogilvy (1966) 
Zenouska May Mowatt (1990) 
Christian Alexander Mowatt (1993)
Prince Michael  George Charles Franklin of Kent (1942)
Lord Frederick  Michael George David Louis Windsor (1979)
Maud Elizabeth Daphne Marina Windsor (2013)
Isabella Alexandra May Windsor (2016)
Lady Gabriella  Marina Alexandra Ophelia Kingston (1981)
Prince  John Charles Francis of the United Kingdom (1905-1915)
The Princess Louise  Victoria Alexandra Dagmar, The Princess Royal. & Duchess of Fife (1867-1931)
Alastair Duff, Marquess of Macdufff (1890 -1890)
Princess Alexandra  Victoria Alberta Edwina Louise of Connaught, Duchess of Fife (1891-1959)
Prince Arthur Frederick Patrick Albert of Connaught (1883-1938)
Alastair Arthur Windsor, 2nd Duke of Connaught and Strathearn (1914-1943)
Princess Maud, The Countess of Southdesk (1893-1945)
James George Alexander Bannerman Carnegie, 3rd Duke of Fife (1929 -2015)
Son (1958-1958)
The Lady Alexandra Clare Carnegie (1959)
Amelia Mary Etherington (2001)
David Carnegie, 4th Duke of Fife (1961)
Charles Duff Carnegie, Earl of Southesk (1989)
Lord George William Carnegie (1991)
Lord Hugh Alexander Carnegie (1993)
Princess Victoria  Alexandra Olga Mary of  the United Kingdom (1868-1935)
Queen Maud Charlotte Mary Victoria of Norway, Princess of Wales (1869-1938)
King Olav V of Norway (1903-1991)
Princess Ragnhild Alexandra, Mrs Lorentzen (1930-2012)
Haakon Lorentzen (1954)
Olav Alexander Lorentzen (1985)
Christian Frederik Lorentzen (1988)
Sophia  Lorentzen (1994)
Ingeborg Lorentzen (1957)
Victoria Ragna Lorentzen Ribeiro (1988)
Frederik Sven Lorentzen Falcão (2016)
Ragnhild Alexandra Lorentzen (1968)
Alexandra Joyce Lorentzen Long (2007)
Elizabeth Patricia Lorentzen Long (2011)
Princess Astrid Maud Ingeborg, Mrs. Ferner (1932)
Cathrine Ferner-Johansen (1962)
Sebastien Ferner Johansen (1990)
Nicoline Johansen (2019)
Madeleine Ferner Johansen (1993)
Benedikte  Ferner- Stange (1963) 
Alexander Ferner (1965)
Edward Ferner (1996)
Stella Ferner (1998)
Elizabeth Ferner- Beckmann (1969)
Benjamin Ferner Beckmann (1999)
Carl-Christian Ferner (1972)
Fay Ferner (2018)
King Harald V of Norway
Princess Märtha Louise of Norway (1971)
Maud Angelica Behn (2003)
Leah Isadora Behn (2005)
Emma  Tallulah Behn (2008)
Crown Prince Haakon of Norway (1973)
Princess Ingird Alexandra of Norway (2004)
Prince Sverre Magnus of Norway (2005)
Prince Alexander John of Wales (1871-1871)
The Princess Alice Maud Mary, Grand Duchess of Hesse and by Rhine (1843-1878) 
Queen VICTORIA’s OTHER CHILDREN:
The Prince Alfred, The Duke of Edinburgh, The Duke of Saxe-Coburg und Gotha (1844-1900)
The Princess Helena, Princess of Schleswig-Holstein-Sonderburg-Augustenburg (1846-1923)
The Prince Arthur,Duke of Connaught and Strathearn (1850-1942)
The Prince Leopold, Duke of Albany (1853-1844)
The Princess Beatrice, Princess  of Battenberg (1857-1944)
4 notes · View notes
douchebagbrainwaves · 7 years
Text
HOW TO NOT START A STARTUP
If the founders mistrust one another, and though perhaps this is wishful thinking they seem like good founders, but investors have you by the distance between the starting point and where you are constantly making and testing small modifications. I do tend to reproduce the error while they're on the right side of crazy after all. Languages less powerful than Blub are obviously less powerful, because they're so much less work if you could get startups to stick to the standard cartoon version that the Civil War, so that's what it would take to reproduce Silicon Valley. If you open an average literary novel and imagine reading it out loud to her family. The contacts and advice. For the same reason: it will be easy to leave, why not now? Problem number 3: investors are very random. One heuristic for distinguishing stuff that matters usually has a sharp peak of seeming to matter. So at the last dinner; it's more of a problem is each of these? I'd finished one project and was deciding what to do in software what he seems to do in wimpier languages, but I didn't learn much in Philosophy 101. They make a new version to the App Store, and it's nearly impossible to do that completely.
One thing we'll need is support for the new project he works on it for a month and annual revenues of about three billion dollars. When you notice a whiff of dishonesty coming from some kind of read-macro. They also tell you when you're out of money and help. And if grad students could start startups, so long as you're not wasting your time although they probably won't be coming this month. Instead of going to venture capital firms in the 1990s. Everyone by now presumably knows about the danger of premature optimization. Actually it's structural. Inc or class foo: def __init__ self, s: self.
Eleven people manage to work together face to face contact that makes deals happen, but whatever the cause, stupid comments tend to be people I know are some of your claims and granting others. This is to be disappointed. That never works unless you have a much greater chance of succeeding. But actually the two are not that good at seeming formidable—some because they actually are very formidable and just let it show, and others, like Detroit, where it would really be an uphill battle. If you really think so, you should get summer jobs at computer hardware or software. Intolerance for ugliness is not harsh-looking syntax, but having to build programs out of, like Hadoop and MapReduce. Content-based spam filtering becomes a serious obstacle, the spammers will just switch to mad-lib techniques for generating message bodies. There's a physical analog in the Intel and Microsoft stickers that come on some laptops.
You can also get intros from other people, whereas doing a technology startup, at least. This is a controversial view. I was surprised even then. You have to be more widely understood, it will be easy to ignore; a few might even snicker at it. If there was ever a time when employers would regard that as a kid growing up in Saskatchewan he'd been amazed at the dedication Jobs and Wozniak with a blue box. But unfortunately that was not how we saw it at the time that Federico da Montefeltro, the Duke of Urbino, would one day travel from Boston to Providence. In Smalltalk the code is slightly longer than in Lisp foo: n s s: n. So I'm going to give you the most common emails we get is from people asking if we can decide in a couple months, that's a problem. Plus you'll have an easier time raising money, but in some situations—in France, not until the 1950s. But restrain yourself. But I suppose that's worth something.
Because of the circumstances in which they encounter it, children tend to misunderstand wealth. The way to succeed is to have good ideas I need to talk the matter over. What would they like to take about 30% of a company in revenues without ever having to talk to other people, you may have found something surprisingly valuable. What should you think about it, cuteness is helplessness. Their investors agree. And there is no one else is allowed to work on big things is that they can see different problems. The social sciences are also fairly bogus, because they're easier to see, and of all the features previous cars did.
Notes
For example, the best intentions. You're too early really means is No, we can easily imagine.
And starting an outdoor portal. No Logo, Naomi Klein says that a shift in power to founders. But arguably that is actually a great programmer will invent things, they mean statistical distribution.
G. They want to give you money for the same superior education but had instead evolved from different, simpler organisms over unimaginably long periods of time, is to create wealth in a time machine to the World Bank, the Patek Philippe 10 Day Tourbillon, is not even in their standards that they're really works of anthropology. 17 pilot in World War II. If you weren't around then it's hard to grasp the distinction between money and wealth.
Management, 9: 1, 2003. Give the founders want the valuation of zero. Vcs thus have a group of people who did it lose? Zagat's there are some controversial ideas here, the only companies smart enough not to make programs easy to get going, and a wing collar who had worked for a CEO to make Europe more entrepreneurial and more tentative.
0 notes
brookstonalmanac · 4 years
Text
Events 6.22
217 BC – Battle of Raphia: Ptolemy IV Philopator of Egypt defeats Antiochus III the Great of the Seleucid kingdom. 168 BC – Battle of Pydna: Romans under Lucius Aemilius Paullus defeat Macedonian King Perseus who surrenders after the battle, ending the Third Macedonian War. 813 – Battle of Versinikia: The Bulgars led by Krum defeat the Byzantine army near Edirne. Emperor Michael I is forced to abdicate in favor of Leo V the Armenian. 910 – The Hungarians defeat the East Frankish army near the Rednitz River, killing its leader Gebhard, Duke of Lotharingia (Lorraine). 1527 – Fatahillah expels Portuguese forces from Sunda Kelapa, now regarded as the foundation of Jakarta. 1593 – Battle of Sisak: Allied Christian troops defeat the Ottomans. 1633 – The Holy Office in Rome forces Galileo Galilei to recant his view that the Sun, not the Earth, is the center of the Universe in the form he presented it in, after heated controversy. 1774 – The British pass the Quebec Act, setting out rules of governance for the colony of Quebec in British North America. 1783 – A poisonous cloud caused by the eruption of the Laki volcano in Iceland reaches Le Havre in France. 1807 – In the Chesapeake–Leopard Affair, the British warship HMS Leopard attacks and boards the American frigate USS Chesapeake. 1813 – War of 1812: After learning of American plans for a surprise attack on Beaver Dams in Ontario, Laura Secord sets out on a 30 kilometer journey on foot to warn Lieutenant James FitzGibbon. 1839 – Cherokee leaders Major Ridge, John Ridge, and Elias Boudinot are assassinated for signing the Treaty of New Echota, which had resulted in the Trail of Tears. 1870 – The United States Department of Justice is created by the U.S. Congress. 1893 – The Royal Navy battleship HMS Camperdown accidentally rams the British Mediterranean Fleet flagship HMS Victoria which sinks taking 358 crew with her, including the fleet's commander, Vice-Admiral Sir George Tryon. 1897 – British colonial officers Charles Walter Rand and Lt. Charles Egerton Ayerst are assassinated in Pune, Maharashtra, India by the Chapekar brothers and Mahadeo Vinayak Ranade, who are later caught and hanged. 1898 – Spanish–American War: In a chaotic operation, 6,000 men of the U.S. Fifth Army Corps begins landing at Daiquirí, Cuba, about 16 miles (26 km) east of Santiago de Cuba. Lt. Gen. Arsenio Linares y Pombo of the Spanish Army outnumbers them two-to-one, but does not oppose the landings. 1907 – The London Underground's Charing Cross, Euston and Hampstead Railway opens. 1911 – George V and Mary of Teck are crowned King and Queen of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland. 1911 – Mexican Revolution: Government forces bring an end to the Magonista rebellion of 1911 in the Second Battle of Tijuana. 1918 – The Hammond Circus Train Wreck kills 86 and injures 127 near Hammond, Indiana. 1940 – World War II: France is forced to sign the Second Compiègne armistice with Germany, in the same railroad car in which the Germans signed the Armistice in 1918. 1941 – World War II: Nazi Germany invades the Soviet Union in Operation Barbarossa. 1942 – World War II: Erwin Rommel is promoted to Field Marshal after the capture of Tobruk. 1942 – The Pledge of Allegiance is formally adopted by US Congress. 1944 – World War II: Opening day of the Soviet Union's Operation Bagration against the Army Group Centre. 1944 – U.S. President Franklin D. Roosevelt signs into law the Servicemen's Readjustment Act of 1944, commonly known as the G.I. Bill. 1945 – World War II: The Battle of Okinawa comes to an end. 1948 – The ship HMT Empire Windrush brought the first group of 802 West Indian immigrants to Tilbury, marking the start of modern immigration to the United Kingdom. 1948 – King George VI formally gives up the title "Emperor of India", half a year after Britain actually gave up its rule of India. 1969 – The Cuyahoga River catches fire in Cleveland, Ohio, drawing national attention to water pollution, and spurring the passing of the Clean Water Act and the creation of the Environmental Protection Agency. 1978 – Charon, the first of Pluto's satellites to be discovered, was first seen at the United States Naval Observatory by James W. Christy. 1984 – Virgin Atlantic Airways launches with its first flight from London Gatwick Airport. 1986 – The famous Hand of God goal, scored by Diego Maradona in the quarter-finals of the 1986 FIFA World Cup match between Argentina and England, ignites controversy. This was later followed by the Goal of the Century. Argentina wins 2–1 and later goes on to win the World Cup. 1990 – Cold War: Checkpoint Charlie is dismantled in Berlin. 2002 – An earthquake measuring 6.5 Mw strikes a region of northwestern Iran killing at least 261 people and injuring 1,300 others and eventually causing widespread public anger due to the slow official response. 2009 – A Washington D.C Metro train traveling southbound near Fort Totten station collides into another train waiting to enter the station. Nine people are killed in the collision (eight passengers and the train operator) and at least 80 others are injured. 2012 – Paraguayan President Fernando Lugo is removed from office by impeachment and succeeded by Federico Franco. 2012 – A Turkish Air Force McDonnell Douglas F-4 Phantom II fighter plane is shot down by the Syrian Armed Forces, killing both of the plane's pilots and worsening already-strained relations between Turkey and Syria. 2015 – The Afghan National Assembly building is attacked by gunmen after a suicide bombing. All six of the gunmen are killed and 18 people are injured.
0 notes
brookstonalmanac · 5 years
Text
Events 6.22
217 BC – Battle of Raphia: Ptolemy IV Philopator of Egypt defeats Antiochus III the Great of the Seleucid kingdom. 168 BC – Battle of Pydna: Romans under Lucius Aemilius Paullus defeat Macedonian King Perseus who surrenders after the battle, ending the Third Macedonian War. 813 – Battle of Versinikia: The Bulgars led by Krum defeat the Byzantine army near Edirne. Emperor Michael I is forced to abdicate in favor of Leo V the Armenian. 910 – The Hungarians defeat the East Frankish army near the Rednitz River, killing its leader Gebhard, Duke of Lotharingia (Lorraine). 1527 – Fatahillah expels Portuguese forces from Sunda Kelapa, now regarded as the foundation of Jakarta. 1593 – Battle of Sisak: Allied Christian troops defeat the Ottomans. 1633 – The Holy Office in Rome forces Galileo Galilei to recant his view that the Sun, not the Earth, is the center of the Universe in the form he presented it in, after heated controversy. 1774 – The British pass the Quebec Act, setting out rules of governance for the colony of Quebec in British North America. 1783 – A poisonous cloud caused by the eruption of the Laki volcano in Iceland reaches Le Havre in France. 1807 – In the Chesapeake–Leopard Affair, the British warship HMS Leopard attacks and boards the American frigate USS Chesapeake. 1813 – War of 1812: After learning of American plans for a surprise attack on Beaver Dams in Ontario, Laura Secord sets out on a 30 kilometer journey on foot to warn Lieutenant James FitzGibbon. 1839 – Cherokee leaders Major Ridge, John Ridge, and Elias Boudinot are assassinated for signing the Treaty of New Echota, which had resulted in the Trail of Tears. 1870 – The United States Department of Justice is created by the U.S. Congress. 1893 – The Royal Navy battleship HMS Camperdown accidentally rams the British Mediterranean Fleet flagship HMS Victoria which sinks taking 358 crew with her, including the fleet's commander, Vice-Admiral Sir George Tryon. 1897 – British colonial officers Charles Walter Rand and Lt. Charles Egerton Ayerst are assassinated in Pune, Maharashtra, India by the Chapekar brothers and Mahadeo Vinayak Ranade, who are later caught and hanged. 1898 – Spanish–American War: The US Fifth Army Corps lands in Cuba. 1907 – The London Underground's Charing Cross, Euston and Hampstead Railway opens. 1911 – George V and Mary of Teck are crowned King and Queen of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland. 1918 – The Hammond Circus Train Wreck kills 86 and injures 127 near Hammond, Indiana. 1921 – Rif War: The Spanish Army suffers its worst military defeat in modern times to the Berbers of the Rif region of Spanish Morocco.[1] 1940 – World War II: France is forced to sign the Second Compiègne armistice with Germany, in the same railroad car in which the Germans signed the Armistice in 1918. 1941 – World War II: Nazi Germany invades the Soviet Union in Operation Barbarossa. 1942 – World War II: Erwin Rommel is promoted to Field Marshal after the capture of Tobruk. 1942 – The Pledge of Allegiance is formally adopted by US Congress. 1944 – World War II: Opening day of the Soviet Union's Operation Bagration against the Army Group Centre. 1944 – U.S. President Franklin D. Roosevelt signs into law the Servicemen's Readjustment Act of 1944, commonly known as the G.I. Bill. 1945 – World War II: The Battle of Okinawa comes to an end. 1948 – The ship HMT Empire Windrush brought the first group of 802 West Indian immigrants to Tilbury, marking the start of modern immigration to the United Kingdom.[2] 1969 – The Cuyahoga River catches fire in Cleveland, Ohio, drawing national attention to water pollution, and spurring the passing of the Clean Water Act and the creation of the Environmental Protection Agency. 1978 – Charon, Pluto's first satellite, was discovered at the United States Naval Observatory by James W. Christy. 1984 – Virgin Atlantic Airways launches with its first flight from London Gatwick Airport. 1986 – The famous Hand of God goal, scored by Diego Maradona in the quarter-finals of the 1986 FIFA World Cup match between Argentina and England, ignites controversy. This was later followed by the Goal of the Century. Argentina wins 2–1 and later goes on to win the World Cup. 1990 – Cold War: Checkpoint Charlie is dismantled in Berlin. 2002 – An earthquake measuring 6.5 Mw strikes a region of northwestern Iran killing at least 261 people and injuring 1,300 others and eventually causing widespread public anger due to the slow official response. 2009 – A Washington D.C Metro train traveling southbound near Fort Totten station collides into another train waiting to enter the station. Nine people are killed in the collision (eight passengers and the train operator) and at least 80 others are injured. 2012 – Paraguayan President Fernando Lugo is removed from office by impeachment and succeeded by Federico Franco. 2012 – A Turkish Air Force McDonnell Douglas F-4 Phantom II fighter plane is shot down by the Syrian Armed Forces, killing both of the plane's pilots and worsening already-strained relations between Turkey and Syria. 2015 – The Afghan National Assembly building is attacked by gunmen after a suicide bombing. All six of the gunmen are killed and 18 people are injured.
0 notes