This Incredible Particle Only Arises in Two Dimensions For decades, scientists have merely guessed it exists. They finally found proof it does. Scientists have observed particle-like anyons for the first time. One experiment used a particle collider, and the other used a prepared chip maze. Anyons hold multiple charge positions and can "remember" represetations of data. Physicists have confirmed the existence of an extraordinary, flat particle that could be the key that unlocks quantum computing. Follow💗 @decoding_scientific_research 💛 for more knowledge💓, mems💜, fun💙 and information💘 about science and research.💚 @decoding_scientific_research @decoding_scientific_research @decoding_scientific_research @decoding_scientific_research #knowledge #physics #scientist #chemistry #science #nobleprize2020 #noblepeaceprize #nobleprize #nobleprizewinner #nobleprizewinners #nobleprizeinliterature #atom #alberteinstein #sciencememes #quantumphysics #quantummechanics #knowledgeispower #nobleprize2019 #ramaneffect #cvraman https://www.instagram.com/p/CI-ySF3DR-i/?igshid=aq5gydnl9882

Making Green Hydrogen a Cost-Competitive Climate Solution  As global economies turn increasingly carbon neutral, IRENA drives hydrogen agenda and sees renewable hydrogen at least cost possible within decade. Hydrogen produced with renewable electricity could compete on costs with fossil fuel alternatives by 2030, according to a new report from the International Renewable Energy Agency (IRENA) published today. A combination of falling costs for solar and wind power, improved performance as well as economies of scale for electrolysers could make it possible. ‘Green Hydrogen Cost Reduction: scaling up electrolysers to meet the 1.5 C climate goal’ looks at drivers for innovation and presents strategies that governments can peruse to reduce the cost of electrolysers by 40% in the short term and by up to 80% in the long term. Green hydrogen could play a critical role in decarbonisation strategies, particularly so where direct electrification is challenging in harder-to-abate sectors, such as steel, chemicals, long-haul transport, shipping and aviation. However, regulations, market design and the costs of power and electrolyser production are still major barrier to the uptake of green hydrogen. “Renewable hydrogen can be a game-changer in global efforts to decarbonise our economies”, said Francesco La Camera, Director-General of IRENA. “Levelling the playing field to close the cost gap between fossil fuels and green hydrogen is necessary. Cost-competitive green hydrogen can help us build a resilient energy system that thrives on modern technologies and embraces innovative solutions fit for the 21st century.” Follow💗 @decoding_scientific_research 💛 for more knowledge💓, mems💜, fun💙 and information💘 about science and research.💚 @decoding_scientific_research @decoding_scientific_research @decoding_scientific_research @decoding_scientific_research #knowledge #physics #scientist #chemistry #science #nobleprize2020 #noblepeaceprize #nobleprize #nobleprizewinner #nobleprizewinners #nobleprizeinliterature #atom #alberteinstein #sciencememes #quantumphysics #quantummechanics #knowledgeispower #nobleprize2019 #ramaneffect #cvraman (at National Institute of Technology Tiruchirappalli) https://www.instagram.com/p/CI8n_LBj6kH/?igshid=sfpb7lxgaire

World Record: Perovskite/Silicon Tandem Solar Cells on the Magic Threshold of 30% Efficiency Consistent performance over 300 hours The current world record tandem solar cell provided stable performance for 300 hours – even without encapsulation. An HZB team has published a report in the journal Science on the development of its current world record of 29.15% efficiency for a tandem solar cell made of perovskite and silicon. The tandem cell provided stable performance for 300 hours – even without encapsulation. To accomplish this, the group headed by Prof. Steve Albrecht investigated physical processes at the interfaces to improve the transport of the charge carriers. Solar cells consisting of two semiconductors with differing band gaps can achieve considerably higher efficiencies when used in tandem compared to the individual cells on their own. This is because tandem cells use the solar spectrum more efficiently. In particular, conventional silicon solar cells primarily convert the infrared components of light efficiently into electrical energy, while certain perovskite compounds can effectively utilize the visible components of sunlight, making this a powerful combination. New record 29.15%: In the beginning of 2020, a team headed by Prof. Steve Albrecht at the HZB broke the previous world record for tandem solar cells made of perovskite and silicon (28.0%, Oxford PV), setting a new world record of 29.15%. Compared to the highest certified and scientifically published efficiency (26.2% in DOI: 10,1126/science.aba3433), this is a giant step forward. The new value has been certified at Fraunhofer ISE and listed in the NREL chart. Now, the results have been published in the journal Science with a detailed explanation of the fabrication process and underlying physics. #knowledge #physics #scientist #chemistry #science #nobleprize2020 #noblepeaceprize #nobleprize #nobleprizewinner #nobleprizewinners #nobleprizeinliterature #atom #alberteinstein #sciencememes #quantumphysics #quantummechanics #knowledgeispower #nobleprize2019 #ramaneffect #cvraman (at National Institute of Technology Tiruchirappalli) https://www.instagram.com/p/CIzwdFpDxKs/?igshid=n5rc5790od5g

Even Huge Molecules Follow the Quantum World's Bizarre Rules A record-breaking experiment shows an enormous molecule is also both a particle and a wave—and that quantum effects don't only apply at tiny scales. Magnify a speck of dirt a thousand times, and suddenly it no longer seems to play by the same rules. Its outline, for example, won’t look well-defined most of the time and will resemble a diffuse, sprawling cloud. That’s the bizarre realm of quantum mechanics. “In some books, you’ll find they say a particle is in various places at once,” says physicist Markus Arndt of the University of Vienna in Austria. “Whether that really happens is a matter of interpretation.” Another way of putting it: Quantum particles sometimes act like waves, spread out in space. They can slosh into each other and even back onto themselves. But if you poke at this wave-like object with certain instruments, or if the object interacts in specific ways with nearby particles, it loses its wavelike properties and starts acting like a discrete point—a particle. Physicists have observed atoms, electrons, and other minutiae transitioning between wave-like and particle-like states for decades. #knowledge #physics #scientist #chemistry #science #nobleprize2020 #noblepeaceprize #nobleprize #nobleprizewinner #nobleprizewinners #nobleprizeinliterature #atom #alberteinstein #sciencememes #quantumphysics #quantummechanics #knowledgeispower #nobleprize2019 #ramaneffect #cvraman (at National Institute of Technology Tiruchirappalli) https://www.instagram.com/p/CIs56f8DIks/?igshid=1io4biooqhi6j

Nobel Prize medals are on their way to their new owners, the 2020 Nobel Laureates! As with everything else this year, we have had to find new ways of making sure our laureates receive their medals and diplomas. All our medals and diplomas have travelled via diplomatic pouches this year. In one of the pictures you can see Andrea Ghez's and Michael Houghton's medals on their way to their new homes. The first medal and diploma was presented to Literature Laureate Louise Glück - the rest will follow over the next couple of days. Stay tuned for more and join us in our Nobel Prize festivities. Photo: Lars-Erik Tindre. RePost@nobelprize_org Our #NobelPrize #medal #diploma #knowledge #physics #scientist #chemistry #science #nobleprize2020 #noblepeaceprize #nobleprize #nobleprizewinner #nobleprizewinners #nobleprizeinliterature #atom #alberteinstein #sciencememes #quantumphysics #quantummechanics #knowledgeispower #nobleprize2019 #ramaneffect #cvraman https://www.instagram.com/p/CIoxiw1jWwT/?igshid=1szsrhic4quko

Phase separation How is that possible? This is where the notion of liquid droplets – or condensates, as they are sometimes called – comes in. The idea is that, rather than forming a precisely structured assembly, all these proteins and bits of DNA loop gather into a blob of liquid in a separate phase from the surrounding watery cytoplasm, with a high concentration of TFs.3 Then, the proteins can repeatedly bind to and unbind from one another and from the DNA, but remain in the vicinity rather than diffusing away. Their work would then be a cooperative affair involving many repeated binding events, rather like a committee reaching a decision through many conversations of its members, even though they might never manage all to sit down in the same room at the same time. #cell #death #excellent_dogs #cellulite #supercell #knowledge #physics #scientist #chemistry #science #nobleprize2020 #noblepeaceprize #nobleprize #nobleprizewinner #nobleprizewinners #nobleprizeinliterature #atom #alberteinstein #sciencememes #quantumphysics #quantummechanics #knowledgeispower #nobleprize2019 #ramaneffect #cvraman (at National Institute of Technology Tiruchirappalli) https://www.instagram.com/p/CImNyKCDxKe/?igshid=17lyt1eicl9wh

How does a cell know what kind of cell it should be? Philip Ball investigates how cells use condensed ‘blobs’ to collect the molecules involved in regulating genes It’s not what you’ve got, it’s how you use it. That seems to apply as much to cells as to people. As we grow from an embryo, lineages of replicating cells start from a versatile stem-cell state and end up self-assembling into tissues with specialised functions. This specialisation depends not on which genes the cells have, but on activating and deactivating the right genes at the right time. How does the machinery that turns genes into proteins know which part of the genome to read in any given cell type? ‘To me that is one of the most fundamental questions in biology,’ says biochemist Robert Tjian of the University of California at Berkeley in the US: ‘How does a cell know what it is supposed to be?’ Two decades on from the completion of the Human Genome Project, it’s clear that we won’t understand complex organisms like us – and reap the medical benefits – from a list of the genes and other components that guide cell behaviour. ‘We now have a fairly complete catalogue of the cell’s genes and molecular components,’ says Clifford Brangwynne, a biophysicist at Princeton University in New Jersey, US. ‘And yet we seem to be still far from understanding the principles that underlie their collective organisation.’ The switching on and off of genes, called gene regulation, is one of the most important aspects of that organisation. Like everything in biology, it’s complicated. But over the past decade or two it’s become clear that this process challenges the way we have thought about the logic of life ever since DNA was revealed as a molecular information bank almost 70 years ago. #knowledge #physics #scientist #chemistry #science #nobleprize2020 #noblepeaceprize #nobleprize #nobleprizewinner #nobleprizewinners #nobleprizeinliterature #atom #alberteinstein #sciencememes #quantumphysics #quantummechanics #knowledgeispower #nobleprize2019 #ramaneffect #cvraman (at National Institute of Technology Tiruchirappalli) https://www.instagram.com/p/CImMqAxDhiQ/?igshid=d7q040zs9urg

1957 Literature Laureate Albert Camus debuted as an author at the age of 20 with the novel 'The Stranger'. The novel, similarly to many of his other books, concerns the absurdity of life. Camus was awarded the Nobel Prize in Literature in 1957 at the age of 44 - he was the second youngest Literature Laureate at the time of the award. Source: @nobelprize_org #NobelPrize #NobelLaureate #quote #knowledge #physics #scientist #chemistry #science #nobleprize2020 #noblepeaceprize #nobleprize #nobleprizewinner #nobleprizewinners #nobleprizeinliterature #atom #alberteinstein #sciencememes #quantumphysics #quantummechanics #knowledgeispower #nobleprize2019 #ramaneffect #cvraman https://www.instagram.com/p/CIlfX8-jR9l/?igshid=gy2p2bohqlja

The wonder of chemistry Credits: @veejey65 Follow💗 @decoding_scientific_research 💛 for more knowledge💓, mems💜, fun💙 and information💘 about science and research.💚 @decoding_scientific_research @decoding_scientific_research @decoding_scientific_research @decoding_scientific_research #research #researchers #researchanddevelopment #womeninscience #liftedlife #phdstudentlife #phdchat #phdstudentsofinstagram #sciencecommunication #urbanresearch #science #phd #chemistry #scientist #harvard #sciences #scienceart #knowledge #physics #scientist #chemistry #science #nobleprize2020 #noblepeaceprize #nobleprize #nobleprizewinner #nobleprizewinners #nobleprizeinliterature #atom #alberteinstein #sciencememe (at National Institute of Technology Tiruchirappalli) https://www.instagram.com/p/CKjVnyRjgX6/?igshid=gzr962pn6r1

Intense X-ray free-electron lasers (XFELs) can rapidly excite matter, leaving it in inherently unstable states that decay on femtosecond timescales. The relaxation occurs primarily via Auger emission, so excited-state observations are constrained by Auger decay. In situ measurement of this process is therefore crucial, yet it has thus far remained elusive in XFELs owing to inherent timing and phase jitter, which can be orders of magnitude larger than the timescale of Auger decay. Here we develop an approach termed ‘self-referenced attosecond streaking’ that provides subfemtosecond resolution in spite of jitter, enabling time-domain measurement of the delay between photoemission and Auger emission in atomic neon excited by intense, femtosecond pulses from an XFEL. Using a fully quantum-mechanical description that treats the ionization, core-hole formation and Auger emission as a single process, the observed delay yields an Auger decay lifetime of 2.2+0.2−0.32.2−0.3+0.2 fs for the KLL decay channel. Source: Nature Physics Follow💗 @decoding_scientific_research 💛 for more knowledge💓, mems💜, fun💙 and information💘 about science and research.💚 @decoding_scientific_research @decoding_scientific_research @decoding_scientific_research @decoding_scientific_research #research #researchers #researchanddevelopment #womeninscience #liftedlife #phdstudentlife #phdchat #phdstudentsofinstagram #sciencecommunication #urbanresearch #science #phd #chemistry #scientist #harvard #sciences #scienceart #knowledge #physics #scientist #chemistry #science #nobleprize2020 #noblepeaceprize #nobleprize #nobleprizewinner #nobleprizewinners #nobleprizeinliterature #atom #alberteinstein #sciencememes #quantumphysics #quantummechanics (at National Institute of Technology Tiruchirappalli) https://www.instagram.com/p/CKSn9bqDTNO/?igshid=1l818bp6rgz0x