Pre-Joseon Sageuks: a Biased and Incomplete List

So, as promised way earlier, a post on pre-Joseon sageuks that I’ve either watched or plan to watch so am aware of them. I am sure there are others but here is what I got. Obviously my takes on them are subjective blah blah blah.

Jumong - arguably the Daddy of all Traditional Sageuks, this one ran for over 80 episodes and had insane ratings. It follows the rise of the mythical founder of Gogureyo tho it takes fantastical elements of his story and changes them for historically plausible ones. It’s very long and very meaty and politics/battle heavy and has a large cast of complex characters (including pretty nifty women and a LGBTQ supporting OTP) but it is anchored by the incredible performance of Song Il Gook as the titular character as he slowly but believably grows from nothing to a hero if at the cost of losing his marriage.

The King of Tears Lee Bang Won - this is basically a half and half beast as (you can tell by the title), it’s set in the last days of Goryeo and early days of Joseon. The time period covered is the same as in My Country and Six Flying Dragons, but this is the most traditional take of them all, even more so than 6FD. Not a single pretty face in the cast (tho Joo Sang Wook is a mighty fine man, emphasis on “man”), this is for the real fans of traditional sageuks. I enjoyed it a lot but if you want to check out pre-Joseon sageuks but have mainly watched youth sageuk stuff before, you should probably start with another drama on this list.

The Great Seer - set in the reign of King Gongmin, the last proper king of Goryeo (his son King U is technically the very last but there are questions as to his status), this is for those of you who want to watch Ji Sang in a sageuk. It’s centered around seers but don’t expect mysticism, this knuckles down to politics.

Shin Don - hi there, another story set in the reign of King Gongmin! From the title, you can tel it centers heavily on the powerful monk who ruled for the King at one point. This has been on my to-watch list forever because this appears to devote a decent chunk of its time to Gongmin X Noguk and I am dying for a proper drama for those two. This is from 2005 so if you do watch, keep that in mind in terms of visuals etc. That cast is lit!

Bicheonmu - this is sort of cheating because it’s pretty much set in China but it involves Koreans so. It’s a drama take on the same story told in a pretty awesome movie. Tragic love, battles, young Joo Jin Moo etc. i am very fond of it. This said, find and watch the Chinese version, Korean one was shredded.

The Iron Empress/Empress Cheon Chu - set in Goryeo, this was another of women ruler centric dramas that had a mini popularity peak in late 00s/early 10s (a trend I wish continued.) it got overshadowed by Queen Seonduk but by all accounts is a solid drama. It’s on my list but I haven’t watched it yet.

The King’s Daughter, Soo Baek Hyang - by the writer of The Rebel and My Dearest. Have I got your attention? Another woman centric ruler tale set in Baekje. Yes, there is a love story. That cast is great, to boot. I have started and liked what I’ve seen but got sidetracked. Need to get back to it. Before you look at the ep number and faint seeing the number 108, keep in mind that the eps are half an hour long so it’s an equivalent of a normal 54 ep sageuk so if you can watch eg Empress Ki, you are good with this.

My Country: The New Age - Lee Bang Won but make it gay. OK, I kid, sort of (not really) but this is smart and passionate and heartbreaking. If you want a wide scope or lots of politics, probably not a take for you (Six Flying Dragons is RIGHT there), but if you want an intense, emotional tale, come right in!

Six Flying Dragons - to me, this is THE drama about Lee Bang Won. It’s smart and emotional, deals with politics and has heart. It has a large cast of characters I got invested in, OTPs that will blow your mind etc etc.

Faith/The Great Doctor - if you are a fan of old school shoujo like Red River, Basara or Fushigi Yuugi, this or Moon Lovers are your best bet on this list. A time traveling tale with other fantasy elements about a modern day plastic surgeon who ends up being kidnapped into Goryeo during the early days of King Gongmin’s (hi!) reign by a tormented, oath bound warrior played by Lee Min Ho at his hottest (and playing historical General Choi Young. Do RPS at your pleasure), this one is one of my all time favorites.

Seodonyo/Ballad of Seo Dong - I am actually currently watching this one tho I haven’t been posting about it. Set in both Baekje and Silla, this is an angsty love story with a side of politics. It’s filmed in 2005 and looks accordingly but if you don’t mind dated visuals, this is pretty great!

Emperor of the Sea - set in Silla and Tang, this was a huge hit and deservedly so. Our protag is a slave and gladiator and a great naval hero. This is grim and smart and epic. It’s from 2004 so once again, if dated visuals are no-go, skip, but if you want a great story and performances, this has your name on it.

The Kingdom of the Winds - an epic cursed prince narrative, our ML (Song Il Gook at his sexiest) rises from abandoned prince and slave and abused assassin to general, royal and king, sparing time for an angsty delicious love story with an enemy princess. This has serious sageuk bits AND the best shoujo tropes in the business, plus enough whump to keep anyone happy.

Gye Baek - Lee Seo Jin, another sageuk stalwart, stars as the title character in this tale of a Baekje commoner, war slave and general. This is grim but glorious.

Soldier/God of War - this is a traditional war-centric sageuk and grim as hell. Another slave to general tale.

King Geun Chu Go - this is on my watch list; it’s about a warrior king of Baekje. Haven’t seen it but heard good things.

Ja Myung Go - smart and unrelentingly tragic, featuring Jang Ryeo Won and Jung Kyung Ho as doomed lovers and Park Min Young in an evil role, this is great and has deeply flawed characters in the very definition of doomed by the narrative tale.

Arthdal Chronicles - this is obviously a fantasy but the tale of prophesied twins, magical priestess, wars and mysticism is clearly set in a pre-Joseon in terms of aesthetics world.

Alchemy of Souls - like Arthdal this is pure fantasy but also like Arthdal, a lot of its styling is pre-Joseon so on this list it goes.

Moon Lovers/Scarlet Heart Ryeo - ok I think if people have heard of only one drama on this very long list, it’s probably this one. Modern time traveling heroine ending up during the reign of Goryeo’s King Taejo, in the middle of his sons’ fight for the throne, having an epic but doomed romance with shoujo catnip tortured bad boy Lee Jun Ki.

Shine or Go Crazy - if you want a more historical take on Moon Lovers succession fight but still with plenty of hotness, angst and doomed romance, come right in. This baby stars Jang Hyuk, so you know it’s bound to be good. I actually started it and enjoyed it but got sidetracked. Need to get back to it. Fun fact: while Moon Lovers was hugely popular internationally, domestically Shine or Go Crazy (they aired around the same time), did much better.

The Legend/The First King’s Four Gods - for a long time this was my favorite kdrama of all time and is still probably in my top 10. Ignore the odd first episode, the rest is perfection. Expensive and wonderfully written, this was Bae Yong Joon’s last drama before he retired to rest on his pile of money (if you are young, you probably don’t remember what a big deal he was, bigger than all the Hallyu stars nowadays put together. He basically was singlehandedly supporting the kdrama industry at one point), but what a worthy way to go out. It’s an epic Goguryeo fantasy tale of a prophesied prince coming into his own, with such amazing characters and relationships and OTPs and battles and points about destiny versus free will. It is everything and I kinda want to rewatch now.

The Blade and The Petal/Sword and Flower - ostensibly a star-crossed Gogureyo love story, this really is more about politics. It’s a mixed bag. The visuals are insane but Uhm Tae Woong, while always solid in modern dramas, is out of place in a sageuk (in QSD Kim Nam Gil stole his thunder; there is nobody to do so here but that doesn’t help him.)

Queen Seon Duk - probably the most famous entrant into female power sageuks, this was a mad hit and centered on the titular character’s rise to power and fight for the same with her female nemesis Mishil. If you want love stories, angsty fighter Bidam propelled Kim Nam Gil to stardom as he stole the leading man mantle from Uhm Tae Woong.

Empress Ki - currently rewatching this. It’s set in the waning days of Goryeo but takes place mainly in Yuan. Still, the FL is Korean and a lot of the story revolves around one of her suitors’, a deposed Korean king, attempts to get his land back. As you can tell by my rabid posts, this is a great drama - politics, romance (I ship FL and the Yuan emperor like mad), murder, dysfunction and everything good.

Hwarang - it’s so brain dead it might as well be a brain-eating amoeba in drama form but it did give us both Park Hyung Sik and Park Seo Joon before they made it big in drama world. It’s terrible tho, stay away.

River where the Moon Rises - I have such a love/hate relationship with this drama - I loved the beginning, with our tormented assassin heroine slowly being warmed by the loyal rustic ML with his own trauma. And then Ji Soo’s bullying scandal happened and he was replaced by Na In Woo, aka the actor I like least from any country in all my close to two decades of watching dramas. I tried but I simply couldn’t and I am still mad. This said, if you don’t share my NIW allergy, it’s probably worth a watch.

The Great King’s Dream - if you liked QSD and can’t get enough of the period but want an even more traditional tale, you can do worse than this drama. I liked what I saw but this baby is 70 eps and lacks Bidam so I peaced out. Maybe I will get back to it sometime, but probably not.

Jeong Do Jeon - as you can tell by the title, centers on JDJ and the last days of Goryeo. Not really my bag (time period been done plenty in other dramas and I don’t have that much interest in JDJ) but supposed to be solid.

My Only Love Song - a short silly mess but still probably better than River (which tells the same story) because it doesn’t have NIW.

King Gwanggaeto the Great - 92 eps. I can’t!

The King Loves - delicious love triangle (that goes ALL ways), angst, prettiness, a side of bodyguard romance. What’s not to love in this Goryeo tale?

ETA: this post was so long that when I tried to tag every drama I mentioned, tumblr told me you hit the tag limit of 30 tags no more tags for you. Oh well, sorry dramas that ended up I tagged!

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지니 TV 오리지널 ‘딜리버리맨’(극본 주효진·박혜영·한보경, 연출 강솔·박대희, 기획 스튜디오지니, 제작 코탑미디어)은 생계형 택시 기사 서영민(윤찬영 분)과 기억상실 영혼 강지현(방민아 분)이 펼치는 저세상 하이텐션 수사극. 세상 어디에도 없는 환장 듀오의 신(神)들린 수사를 통해 회를 거듭할수록 흥미진진해지는 스토리와 함께 호응을 얻고 있다.

이규현은 드라마 속 대훈병원 응급실 남자 간호사이자 CPR을 담당하는 ‘김정우’로 분해 등장 때마다 궁금증을 야기하는 눈빛과 스산한 아우라, 모호한 행동으로 보는 이들의 호기심을 자극했다.

지난 16일 방송된 ‘딜리버리맨’ 6회에서는 응급실의 신경안정제를 빼돌리다 발각된 김정우의 모습이 포착됐다. 어느 날 김정우가 약품에 손대는 것을 본 것 같다는 윤소리(이혜정 분)의 이야기를 들은 도규진(김민석 분)은 그간 미심쩍었던 김정우에 대한 조사를 시작했다.

김정우가 입사한 후 응급실의 사망자 수가 4배나 증가되었다는 충격적인 보고를 들은 도규진은 김정우의 흑막을 거둬내기 위해 직접 움직였다. 김정우가 간호사들과 함께 식사를 할 때 김정우를 제외한 간호사들을 자신의 방에 불러들였고, 홀로 남은 김정우가 약품에 손을 댈 수 있는 틈을 줬다. 실로 김정우는 약품에 손을 댔고, 그 모습이 미리 준비된 몰래카메라에 고스란히 찍혔다.

산속에서 오랫동안 상처 입고 추위에 떨던 하율(갈소원 분)이 응급실에 도착하자 김정우는 CPR을 하려고 나섰지만, 도규진이 이를 거칠게 제압하고 그를 끌어내며 앞으로 어떤 병원에서든 환자를 다시 못 보게 만들 거라고 경고했고, 잠시 뒤 누군가가 이사회에 제보했다는 간호사들의 말이 들림과 동시에 짐을 싸서 병원을 떠나는 김정우의 모습이 포착됐다.

제보자를 도규진이라 확신한 김정우는 도규진을 찾아가 분노를 표출했고, 도규진을 향해 “그 위선적인 가면 뒤에 뭐가 있는지. 나는 안다고”라고 이를 갈며 도규진과 날카롭게 대치했다. 이에 더해 윤소리를 향해서도 경고의 메시지를 읖조리며 퇴장한 김정우로 인해 극에 달한 긴장감을 자아냈다.

이규현은 여운을 남기는 호연으로 안방극장 1열의 시선을 집중시켰다. 조마조마한 시한폭탄과 같은 그의 존재감은 보는 이들의 호기심을 자극하면서도 모종의 두려움을 극대화했고, 응급실에서 환자들의 생명을 두 손으로 책임져야 할 인물이 도리어 남몰래 극악무도한 범행을 저질러왔다는 사실로 소름을 유발했다.

범행이 밝혀지고 병원을 떠나게 되는 그 순간까지 일말의 죄책감도 없이 그저 자신에게 행해진 처벌에 의해 분노하고 발악하는 모습은 충격을 안겼고, 한순간에 돌변한 광기 어린 눈빛, 그간 응급실 사람들을 감쪽같이 속여온 이중성을 완벽하게 그려내며 본성이 드러나는 순간을 변화무쌍하게 포착해낸 이규현은 호평을 이끌었다.

말미에 강지현과 관련된 사건을 조사 중인 지창석(김승수 분)이 강형수(박정학 분)로부터 대훈병원 응급실 김정우에게 의심 갈만한 정보가 있다는 소식을 접해 김정우를 둘러싸고 또 어떤 비밀이 존재하는지 궁금증을 높이고 있는바. 이에 아슬아슬하게 이어지고 있는 사건 수사가 어떤 방향으로 흘러가게 될지 기대감이 증폭되고 있다.

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Later, in 590, when King Pyeongwon passed away, his son and Ondal's older brother-in-law, King Yeongyang, took the throne. At this time, Ondal asked for permission to go out to recover the Han River basin, which had been taken away by Silla during the reign of King Yangwon 40 years ago, and received King Yeongyang's acceptance. Goguryeo occupied 58 castles in the upper reaches of the Namhan River due to King Gwanggaeto's policy of advancing southward in the 4th century, but in 551, the 10 counties of Jukryeong Ibu were lost to Geolbu of Silla. After that, frequent invasions by Silla continued, and finally Ondal became the 딜리버리맨 드라마 다시보기 누누 무료보기 1화commander-in-chief and led the southern government army. Hui Xin羅, I am from the north of the Han, the county of the county, and the country of my mother-in-law. 願大王不以愚不肖, 授之以兵, 一往必還吾地. “Now that Silla has occupied the land north of our Hansu and made it their county, the people there mourn and feel sorry for them, and have never forgotten the country of their parents. I hope that the great king will not regard me as foolish or careless and will give me soldiers, and I will attack and bring back our land without fail.” Ondal, 《The Chronicles of the Three Kingdoms》 Ondal's biography

Before participating, Ondal said, "If I don't get back the land of Gyeriphyeon (鷄立峴) and Jukryeong Yiseo (以西) [10], I won't come back alive!" After swearing that he would not go to war, he set out to conquer Silla, but at the end of a fierce battle, he was shot by an arrow from the Silla army and died at Ondalsanseong Fortress [12].

12964 1 After that, it was assumed that Goguryeo could not regain the Han River basin because there was no record, but Yeon Gaesomun asked Silla to give the land north of Jukryeong to Silla, saying that it was to be restored because Silla took the land north of Jukryeong during the war with Sui. It means that between 590 when Ondal died, 598 when the war with Sui broke out, and 612-614, Goguryeo temporarily recovered the land north of Jukryeong. Fool Ondal goes to the battlefield 딜리버리맨 드라마 다시보기 누누 무료보기 1화

However, even during this period, Silla and Sui continued to exchange envoys, and in order for Silla, whose capital is on the east coast, to send envoys to China without being hindered by Goguryeo and Baekje, the Namhan River route from Gyeongju to the lower reaches of the Han River must be connected. This restored area would have been smaller, at least not all the way north of Jukryong. Expressing this as Jukryong's north was slightly exaggerated by Yeon Gaesomun to emphasize Goguryeo's rights.

Later, the people of Goguryeo tried to collect Ondal's body and bury him, but when the coffin containing the body did not move as if it were attached to the ground, Princess Pyeonggang touched the coffin and said, "Life and death have already been decided, so please go back now." When he begged, it was only then that he fell off the ground and moved. Shin Chae-ho denied the reality of this part because of the unrealistic part that the coffin did not fall off the ground. He reasoned that such a story could have come out because the people carrying the haul remembered Ondal's promise that he would not return if he failed, and could not bear to take a step forward.[13] 딜리버리맨 드라마 다시보기 누누 무료보기 1화 So, almost every year, the military was mobilized to invade Silla, but it was not successful at last, and a warrior drama of Ondal, the son-in-law of King Pyeongwon, was directed, and poets and scholars of the time sang and talked about this event, recorded it in Idumun, and passed it on to society. However, the general Goguryeo people's hostility was further strengthened, and until the fall of Goguryeo, peace with Silla was severed forever. (omitted) Due to Ondal's death, the path of Goguryeo and Silla's Ganghwa was cut off, and Baekje formed an alliance with Goguryeo to form the rise and fall of the Three Kingdoms. Ondaljeon is a prominently important character in the Three Kingdoms period. 《Chosun Sanggosa》

Anyway, because of this, the feelings of Goguryeo against Silla became worse, and after that, the two countries of Goguryeo and Baekje continued to attack Silla against Silla. Even after Ondal, such as the Battle of Chiljungseong and the Battle of Bukhansanseong, Goguryeo continued to attack the northern side of Silla. At this time, Goguryeo projected its power into Chungcheong Province by taking Gangwon-do as the main route to the extent that Kim Yu-shin attacked Goguryeo's fortress in Chungcheong-do. In particular, Gaebaek-hyeon and Daleulseong-hyeon in Goyang-si, Gyeonggi-do seem to have been regained by Goguryeo at this time. 딜리버리맨 드라마 다시보기 누누 무료보기 1화

Question[edit] 3.1. Marriage and birth[edit] Fallen Nobility? Pyongyang sleepy? Are you from a multicultural family? Who was Ondal?

Regarding the fact that Princess Pyeonggang did not marry a powerful aristocrat, but instead married Ondal, who was of a lowly status, it was argued that it was a tactic used by King Pyeongwon to keep the aristocrats in check. also claim However, even now, such a marriage is something that can only be seen in a drama or fantasy. In modern times, it is the case that the daughter of an influential political family that produces heads of state, such as the president or prime minister, marries a homeless person.

In any case, whether Ondal's ancestors were commoners, lower aristocrats, or from other peoples, what is certain is that he did not succumb to poor circumstances and eventually got ahead with the job he wanted. Although the accidental element of marrying a princess intervened, the process of overcoming economic and social constraints and reaching the goal can be seen as a much more essential factor in understanding Ondal. 3.1.1. Speculation 1: Emerging forces from lower nobles or fallen nobles[edit] 딜리버리맨 드라마 다시보기 누누 무료보기 1화 It is said that she was an insignificant, low-class nobleman who became a sire because of her merits in the war against the vassal. At this time, Ondal received the rank of Daejang (大兄), which is an official position corresponding to the 6th grade among the 12 official ranks of Goguryeo as shown in the New Tang Book. see. If they were not nobles, they would not have received even large government posts in Goguryeo society, so they would be at least descendants of lower nobles or fallen nobles. Of course, this alone is a positional character.

It is presumed that the legend of Ondal the Fool was born when Goguryeo's high-ranking nobles, who were displeased with this low-grade nobleman, sarcastically called it a "marriage of a fool and a crybaby". In addition, at the time, King Pyeongwon actively recruited and colluded with new forces to support him in order to strengthen his royal power, and these were inevitably from lower aristocrats to check the aristocratic forces that had previously seized power, and Ondal is presumed to be one of them. . There is no way that Ondal, who was given a government post and became a sire not simply because he was from a lowly background, but to actively set up a confrontation with them, could not have looked good in the eyes of the existing powers. 딜리버리맨 드라마 다시보기 누누 무료보기 1화

Historian Lee Gi-baek (1924-2004) made a similar assumption based on the fact that the first official official Ondal received on record was a large soldier in his 'Review of Ondaljeon', which he contributed to the 3rd issue of 'Baeksanhakbo' in 1967. It is not possible to say definitively because the records indicating the rank of the formation are different, but the formation was about 2 to 7 ranks out of 12 to 14 total ranks. Based on this, Ki-baek Lee said, “I think it was impossible for anyone other than a noble of a certain status to occupy a public position called Dae-hyeong.” His estimation was that even if he wasn't a high-class aristocrat who could naturally marry the royal family, he wouldn't have fallen into the category of an aristocrat, albeit a lower one.#

Park In-ho, a researcher at the Hallym University Museum, said in a paper titled "Goguryeo aristocratic society in the 6th century seen through Ondal", "The first official position that Ondal received was 'Daehyung', the 7th official position in Goguryeo." Considering that he went through formation and reached Makriji, Ondal's status must have been high," he estimated. At the same time, he argued that he must be an aristocrat from the Guknae Seong faction who lost power in the political chaos at the level of civil war between the Guknae Seong faction (the old capital) and the Pyongyang 딜리버리맨 드라마 다시보기 누누 무료보기 1화Seong faction (the new capital) in Goguryeo in the first half of the 6th century. The unfortunate environment is also a metaphor for the politically fallen Ondal family. Researcher Park argued that as a king, it was necessary to mobilize national strength to overcome external crises, and he extended a hand of reconciliation (national spirit) to the Naukseong sect represented by Ondal.#

Three kingdoms korea

THREE KINGDOMS KOREA CODE

Stele for Great King Gwanggaeto (Goguryeo, 5th Century) At that time, Baekje’s territory included present-day Gyeonggi-do, Chungcheong-do, Jeolla-do, the middle reaches of the Nakdonggang River, Gangwon-do, and Hwanghae-do. It also exerted control over Gaya in the south. Along the northern border, Baekje confronted Goguryeo in a bid to take control of presentday Hwanghae-do. By the mid-4th century, King Geunchogo occupied Mahan and expanded the territory as far as the south coast of present-day Jeollanam-do. By the mid-3rd century, during the reign of King Goi, Baekje had seized complete control over the areas along the Hangang River and established a solid system of political governance by accommodating the advanced culture of China. He also captured many of Baekje’s fortresses in the south and helped Silla overcome a crisis by driving away Wako invaders.īaekje was established in 18 BCE jointly by the people who lived along the Hangang River, people originating from Buyeo and Goguryeo, and migrants from elsewhere. King Gwanggaeto the Great, a son of King Sosurim, drove away the Khitan, Sushen, and Dongbuyeo and expanded his territory into Manchuria. It also established Taehak, a Confucian educational institute.

THREE KINGDOMS KOREA CODE

In 372 (the 2nd year of King Sosurim’s reign), Goguryeo adopted Buddhism and promulgated a code of law in an effort to establish a proper governing system. By the early 4th century, King Micheon of Goguryeo had driven away factions loyal to the Han dynasty from the Korean Peninsula. It started expanding its territory in the late 1st century and strengthened a king-centered ruling system by the late 2nd century. Goguryeo was the first of the three Kingdoms to firmly establish itself as a sovereign country. On such occasions, they gathered together to enjoy liquor, food, singing and dancing.Īlong with the spread of Iron Age culture and the development of farming skills, powerful states such as Goguryeo, Baekje and Silla gradually were established in Manchuria and on the Korean Peninsula. The people of Samhan held rites of sacrifice for heaven in May and October. The three mini-states were collectively known as Samhan (Three Han States). Each of the latter two was composed of 40,000–50,000 households. Byeonhan was located in presentday Gimhae and Masan while Jinhan located in present-day Daegu and Gyeongju. Mahan was a confederacy of fifty-four small states (composed of 100,000 households in total) located in present-day Gyeonggi-do, Chungcheong-do, and Jeolla-do. The area south of Gojoseon was occupied by a large group of small states including Mahan, Jinhan, and Byeonhan. These two states were also incorporated into Goguryeo. Its specialties included dangung (an archery bow) and gwahama (a horse small enough to pass unhindered beneath fruit trees). Dongye held a sacrificial rite for heaven called Mucheon in October to build a spirit of collaboration by singing and dancing together. Okjeo offered tributes such as salt and fish to Goguryeo. Located in outlying areas, they did not develop very rapidly. There were also a number of small states, such as Okjeo and Dongye, in present-day Hamgyeong-do and the northern parts of Gangwon-do along the east coast of the Korean Peninsula. It became a powerful state, exerting control over Manchuria and the northern part of the Korean Peninsula. Through many wars, it drove away the factions loyal to the Han dynasty and expanded its territory as far as Liaodong in the west and to the northeast of the Korean Peninsula. Right after its foundation, Goguryeo conquered a number of small states in the area and moved its capital to Gungnaeseong (Tonggu) near the Amnokgang River. Goguryeo prospered greatly through victorious wars in areas close to Baekdusan Mountain and along the Amnokgang (Yalu) River. Samguk sagi (History of the Three Kingdoms) states that Gojumong, who founded Goguryeo in 37 BCE, was originally from Buyeo. During the festival, they held a sacrificial rite for heaven, sang and danced together, and released prisoners.īuyeo fell apart during the establishment of the regional confederation, but the factions that founded Goguryeo and Baekje took pride in their status as the inheritors of Buyeo. The people of Buyeo held an annual festival called Yeonggo in December. By the end of the 3rd century, Buyeo had been incorporated into Goguryeo. By the early 1st century CE, they started calling their main leader the King and actively engaged with other countries, even entering into diplomatic relations with China. The people of Buyeo grew crops and raised livestock, including horses. Buyeo was established in the plains along the Songhua River in Manchuria and Jilin. Towards the end of the Gojoseon Period, tribal states came into being one after another in Manchuria and on the Korean Peninsula.

Introducing the Prince Yeong-hwan

The king and queen of Corea welcomed their first child, a son, on April 18. 

It seems only yesterday when this author first reported on the mysterious new queen of Corea

Now I must admit my eyes are going misty that we have come along since then, we have met the queen, she’s no longer mysterious. Her Majesty is, in fact, quite marvelous

And now the kingdom is rejoicing at the birth of the Prince Yeong-hwan

The prince royal of Corea was born on April 18 at 4:27am. The king was present at the birth, and the queen was attended by her appointed surgeons. 

No traditional easels were propped up here in this kingdom. Gwangyeongjeon Palace in Busan will not be thronged by crowds of well-wishers wishing to take a photo of a piece of paper framed on an easel. 

No, the announcement was simply released by the Royal Public Affairs Office, hand-delivered in luxurious cream cardstock to all establishments of the press. 

That’s the cardstock Corea’s newspapers have published. All the papers were late and had cream and blue front pages today. Once that cardstock was on hand, it was a race to the printers.

Needless to say, I’m going to have mine framed. 

His Royal Highness the Prince Yeong-hwan: what’s in a name? 

Yeon. What a lovely name. I’ve been told that the hangul of Yeon means several things like kite and year? And the hanja means “beautiful” and “graceful.” 

It’s pronounced “yun.” But never mind, we’re not going to use that name. We’re just lucky they shared the name, and so soon! When I was fortunate enough to interview the queen last October about the Eomoni Foundation, I knew the Her Majesty was already prepared for her baby. Name included!

And they don’t need to appear like they’re considering the name carefully: they’re the king and queen. They only need to please themselves. 

The Royal Monosyllable

Unlike their European counterparts and their three to four names, Corean royalty traditionally have monosyllabic names. 

Since the Goryeo dynasty, monosyllabic names were used by (and at one point restricted to) the royal family. 

But it has since been more used, though still uncommon. Parents simply prefer two syllables to one for their child’s given name. More options for the hanja characters. 

Some celebrities and idols have monosyllabic screen names. However, if you do come across a Corean with a monosyllabic name, it’s very likely it’s a family tradition, and also very likely a family tradition proudly continued because it was a granted royal privilege for service or contribution as vassal. 

The prince’s title and historic name

Every single one of us will refer to the little prince by his title, the Prince Yeong-hwan. 

Yeong means perpetual, eternal, brave, glory, honor, hero. It’s the first name of Jo Yeong, the king’s Unbreakable Sword and Captain of the Royal Guard. There’s a reason that name is popular, usually combined with another character, and not just because the mother was crushing on Jo Yeong. 

Hwan means shining, brilliant, lustrous, understandably a traditional addition for royal titles, and often given to first sons. Before he became king, His Majesty’s title was Prince Dae-hwan, as was his father’s before him. 

Popular speculation is that the little prince’s title honors Jo Yeong. 

Yeon is also the personal or birth name of Jangsu of Goguryeo, who reigned in a golden age when Goguryeo was one of the great powers in Asia, a veritable empire he expanded by conquest and ruled with justice and diplomacy. Jangsu successfully perpetuated what his father Gwanggaeto the Great started: a loosely unified Three Kingdoms. 

He perfected and innovated many of the kingdom’s political, economic and institutional systems. 

He also had the longest reign in East Asian history, ruling for 79 years until he died at age 98. 

And best of all, it was Yeon, or Jangsu, who shortened the kingdom’s name from Goguyreo to Goryeo, which evolved to how we know it today: Corea. 

Now I’ve seen some papers say the little prince royal has quite big shoes to fill. I say, his parents simply gave him a good name. 

And with parents like that, I’m sure His Royal Highness will be well-equipped to be a great king like his namesake, like his father, when he’s conferred as Crown Prince. 

A kingdom rejoicing

This is the first baby born to the royal family of Corea since His Majesty himself was born thirty four years ago. Sadly, the late queen had been in poor health, and soon passed when the king was only three years old. 

The whole kingdom held its collective breath when the queen was flown to CorGen. Though the media was promised a press conference, none came. 

The palace website banner has been updated about the queen’s health and the newspapers fairly flew off the stands at the announcement. 

We still wait to hear from Their Majesties, but everyone is content to know the queen and baby are safe and healthy. 

The Royal Public Affairs Office did give us a few tidbits. The palace had received 5734 gifts from friends of the royal family (royalty, aristocracy and democratic leaders of the world), Corean organizations and citizens, and international well-wishers.  

Corea also woke up and spent the day being serenaded by bells. There is still no standard for the bell ringing, but all proposals have been reviewed and approved by the palace. The result was an experience I won’t soon forget. It was like an all-day concert! Who knew bells could sound so lovely? 

Corea’s towns and cities coordinated with each other so that their bell ringing would be a veritable symphony. I've seen some social media posts of people who "followed the bells" and enjoyed their drive. 

Come evening, LED and clever engineering lit up several buildings and entire blocks across the cities of Corea. Blue for the prince, blue for the queen, and black and gold to celebrate the royal family. 

And if you drive around, you might feel overwhelmed at all the flags. Every home, every establishment flew the flag of Corea. 

Needless to say, the flower festivals are gearing up to become a celebration of the prince's birth. But I have a feeling this contingency has already been in the plans long ago! 

I am so tremendously happy. Congratulations, Your Majesties! 

“It seems only yesterday when this author first reported on the mysterious new queen of Corea” 

On this day last year, in fact! Corea Stories is one year old today! 

It’s been crazy! Thank you all for your reviews and notes, here, on AO3 or on Twitter, you awesome people. 

Any great kings of Baekje? I only know Geunchogo and his cool ass sword

While Geunchogo was king, Crown Prince Su (later named King Geungusu) repelled Goguryeo’s army and advanced north some. He fought in a few different battles against Goguryeo, including the one in which King Gogugwon was slain. He led most of those while being the crown prince, but he also fought some as king.

I don’t know if King Asin can be called great, but he fought time after time to resist Gwanggaeto for as long as he could. That’s more than can be said for King Jinsa.

King Seong is one I particularly enjoyed reading about. There’s a lot going on around his time between relations with Silla, Gaya, the Japanese court, etc. He also actively campaigned against Goguryeo with Japanese aid. According to the Nihon Shoki, he led troops from Japan, Silla, Gaya, and Baekje in a successful campaign which retook the Han River valley, returning the region to Baekje for the first time in seventy-five years. That would surely be his peak after having several battles with Goguryeo. If he had lived longer, he might have become an even more amazing figure in Korean history.

I’m currently reading about King Mu. He’s been pretty interesting, he lied to the Sui Dynasty and he had some big battles with Silla. He’s perhaps the most successful king (of Baekje) that I’ve read about since King Seong, but I don’t expect it’ll be long lived.

The history of Korea begins with the founding of Joseon (also known as “Gojoseon”, or Old Joseon, to differentiate it with the 14th century dynasty) in 2333 BCE by Dangun, according to Korea’s foundation mythology.[54][55] Gojoseon expanded until it controlled the northern Korean Peninsula and parts of Manchuria. Gija Joseon was purportedly founded in the 12th century BC, but its existence and role have been controversial in the modern era.[55][56] In 108 BCE, the Han dynasty defeated Wiman Joseon and installed four commanderies in the northern Korean peninsula. Three of the commanderies fell or retreated westward within a few decades. As Lelang commandery was destroyed and rebuilt around this time, the place gradually moved toward Liaodong. Thus, its force was diminished and it only served as a trade center until it was conquered by Goguryeo in 313.[57][58][59] Three Kingdoms of Korea During the period known as the Proto–Three Kingdoms of Korea, the states of Buyeo, Okjeo, Dongye and Samhan occupied the whole Korean peninsula and southern Manchuria. From them, Goguryeo, Baekje and Silla emerged to control the peninsula as the Three Kingdoms of Korea. Goguryeo, the largest and most powerful among them, was a highly militaristic state,[60][61] and competed with various Chinese dynasties during its 700 years of history. Goguryeo experienced a golden age under Gwanggaeto the Great and his son Jangsu,[62][63][64][65] who both subdued Baekje and Silla during their times, achieving a brief unification of the Three Kingdoms of Korea and becoming the most dominant power on the Korean Peninsula.[66][67] In addition to contesting for control of the Korean Peninsula, Goguryeo had many military conflicts with various Chinese dynasties,[68] most notably the Goguryeo–Sui War, in which Goguryeo defeated a huge force said to number over a million men.[69][70][71][72][73] Baekje was a great maritime power;[74] its nautical skill, which made it the Phoenicia of East Asia, was instrumental in the dissemination of Buddhism throughout East Asia and continental culture to Japan.[75][76] Baekje was once a great military power on the Korean Peninsula, especially during the time of Geunchogo,[77] but was critically defeated by Gwanggaeto the Great and declined.[78][self-published source] Silla was the smallest and weakest of the three, but it used cunning diplomatic means to make opportunistic pacts and alliances with the more powerful Korean kingdoms, and eventually Tang China, to its great advantage.[79][80] The unification of the Three Kingdoms by Silla in 676 led to the North South States Period, in which much of the Korean Peninsula was controlled by Later Silla, while Balhae controlled the northern parts of Goguryeo. Balhae was founded by a Goguryeo general and formed as a successor state to Goguryeo. During its height, Balhae controlled most of Manchuria and parts of the Russian Far East, and was called the “Prosperous Country in the East”.[81] Later Silla was a golden age of art and culture,[82][83][84][85] as evidenced by the Hwangnyongsa, Seokguram, and Emille Bell. Relationships between Korea and China remained relatively peaceful during this time. Later Silla carried on the maritime prowess of Baekje, which acted like the Phoenicia of medieval East Asia,[86] and during the 8th and 9th centuries dominated the seas of East Asia and the trade between China, Korea and Japan, most notably during the time of Jang Bogo; in addition, Silla people made overseas communities in China on the Shandong Peninsula and the mouth of the Yangtze River.[87][88][89][90] Later Silla was a prosperous and wealthy country,[91] and its metropolitan capital of Gyeongju[92] was the fourth largest city in the world.[93][94][95][96] Buddhism flourished during this time, and many Korean Buddhists gained great fame among Chinese Buddhists[97] and contributed to Chinese Buddhism,[98] including: Woncheuk, Wonhyo, Uisang, Musang,[99][100][101][102] and Kim Gyo-gak, a Silla prince whose influence made Mount Jiuhua one of the Four Sacred Mountains of Chinese Buddhism.[103][104][105][106][107] However, Later Silla weakened under internal strife and the revival of Baekje and Goguryeo, which led to the Later Three Kingdoms period in the late 9th century. Unified Dynasties 936, the Later Three Kingdoms were united by Wang Geon, a descendant of Goguryeo nobility,[108] who established Goryeo as the successor state of Goguryeo.[38][39][40][41] Balhae had fallen to the Khitan Empire in 926, and a decade later the last crown prince of Balhae fled south to Goryeo, where he was warmly welcomed and included into the ruling family by Wang Geon, thus unifying the two successor nations of Goguryeo.[109] Like Silla, Goryeo was a highly cultural state, and invented the metal movable type printing press.[49][50][51][52][53][110][111] After defeating the Khitan Empire, which was the most powerful empire of its time,[112][113] in the Goryeo–Khitan War, Goryeo experienced a golden age that lasted a century, during which the Tripitaka Koreana was completed and there were great developments in printing and publishing, promoting learning and dispersing knowledge on philosophy, literature, religion, and science; by 1100, there were 12 universities that produced famous scholars and scientists.[114][115] However, the Mongol invasions in the 13th century greatly weakened the kingdom. Goryeo was never conquered by the Mongols, but exhausted after three decades of fighting, the Korean court sent its crown prince to the Yuan capital to swear allegiance to Kublai Khan, who accepted, and married one of his daughters to the Korean crown prince.[116] Henceforth, Goryeo continued to rule Korea, though as a tributary ally to the Mongols for the next 86 years. During this period, the two nations became intertwined as all subsequent Korean kings married Mongol princesses,[116] and the last empress of the Yuan dynasty was a Korean princess. In the mid-14th century, Goryeo drove out the Mongols to regain its northern territories, briefly conquered Liaoyang, and defeated invasions by the Red Turbans. However, in 1392, General Yi Seong-gye, who had been ordered to attack China, turned his army around and staged a coup. Yi Seong-gye declared the new name of Korea as “Joseon” in reference to Gojoseon, and moved the capital to Hanseong (one of the old names of Seoul).[117] The first 200 years of the Joseon dynasty were marked by peace, and saw great advancements in science[118][119] and education,[120] as well as the creation of Hangul by Sejong the Great to promote literacy among the common people.[121] The prevailing ideology of the time was Neo-Confucianism, which was epitomized by the seonbi class: nobles who passed up positions of wealth and power to lead lives of study and integrity. Between 1592 and 1598, Toyotomi Hideyoshi launched invasions of Korea, but his advance was halted by Korean forces (most notably the Joseon Navy led by Admiral Yi Sun-sin and his renowned “turtle ship”)[122][123][124][125][126] with assistance from Righteous Army militias formed by Korean civilians, and Ming dynasty Chinese troops. Through a series of successful battles of attrition, the Japanese forces were eventually forced to withdraw, and relations between all parties became normalized. However, the Manchus took advantage of Joseon’s war-weakened state and invaded in 1627 and 1637, and then went on to conquer the destabilized Ming dynasty. After normalizing relations with the new Qing dynasty, Joseon experienced a nearly 200-year period of peace. Kings Yeongjo and Jeongjo particularly led a new renaissance of the Joseon dynasty during the 18th century.[127][128] In the 19th century, the royal in-law families gained control of the government, leading to mass corruption and weakening of the state, and severe poverty and peasant rebellions throughout the country. Furthermore, the Joseon government adopted a strict isolationist policy, earning the nickname “the hermit kingdom”, but ultimately failed to protect itself against imperialism and was forced to open its borders. After the First Sino-Japanese War and the Russo-Japanese War, Korea was occupied by Japan (1910–45). At the end of World War II, the Japanese surrendered to Soviet and U.S. forces who occupied the northern and southern halves of Korea, respectively. http://bit.ly/2IoEQrx

Gwanggaeto Daewang

Dune II may not have been the first real-time strategy game ever made – a title often bestowed upon Herzog Zwei, though there were even others before that – but it did codify the mix of base building, resource gathering, and unit control that inspired countless other real-time strategy games. One such game is Gwanggaeto Daewang, developed by DS Game Channel, the internal development team of Korean publisher Dong Seo Interactive. Dong Seo Interactive initially localized Western games, but started to develop its own titles in 1994, with Gwanggaeto Daewang being the first. The game’s name translates as “Gwanggaeto the Great”, a Korean king from the late fourth and early fifth century, and the protagonist of this title. While the game never received an official (or unofficial) translation or release outside Korea, some files refer to it as The Forgotten Land or The Forgotten Kingdom, and the former became its semi-official English name. 

Read more...

[NAVER] EXO AS HONORARY AMBASSADORS OF THE KOREA TOURISM ORGANIZATION

[NAVER] EXO appointed as the 2018 honorary ambassadors of the Korea Tourism Organization

[+1875; -91] As expected of EXO ㅠㅠㅠㅠㅠ They are so cool, really

[+955; -15] EXO is the best. I’ll look forward to their promotions as the honorary ambassador

[+850; -73] There are really a lot of foreigners who came here because of EXO. They are the best honorary ambassadors, the #1 male singers EXO

[+460; -7] EXO is cool, hwaiting

[+451; -10] As expected of EXO!!!!! Please come tour around Korea while you come see EXO ♡♡♡♡♡♡♡

[+77; -5] They previously performed on the Olympics stage and sang the national anthem. They are great, I acknowledge that.

[+73; -1] I once worked part-time as an English radio DJ and i could really feel how much the foreigners residing in Korea likes EXO ㅋㅋ I know that Kpop is popular, but every time i see the list of song requests, EXO songs would definitely be in it ㅋㅋ The idol world is ever-changing, who can make it, who will be eliminated~ I hear people say things like that frequently, but EXO does not get shaken by things like that, i think they will remain at the top for a long time... Singers that will become a legend

[+50; -1] As expected they who are popular overseas got chosen as the honorary ambassador... Please promote Korea more~!

[+55; -7] Wow these kids keep appearing (on national related events)... At the rate they’re going, they are almost the level of historical figures. They are like King Gwanggaeto The Great, they keep expanding (their territory)

The Gwanggaeto Stele

Part 3 of 4 – The Inscriptions

The stele is covered in approximately 1800 ancient Chinese characters, each are about the size of a hand. The inscriptions cover 3 main topics: the founding of the Goguryeo Kingdom, the military conquests and battles of King Gwanggaeto, and a personal record of the custodians who took care of the King’s grave.

The foundation myth of the Goguryeo Kingdom was largely in tact, and the legend reads as follows:

Of old, when our first Ancestor King Ch'umo laid the foundations of our state, he came forth from Northern Buyeo as the son of the Celestial Emperor. His mother, the daughter of the Earl of the River, gave birth to him by cracking an egg and bringing her child forth from it. Endowed with heavenly virtue, King Ch'umo [accepted his mother's command and] made an imperial tour to the south. His route went by the way of Puyo's Great Omni River. Gazing over the ford, the king said, "I am Ch'umo, son of August Heaven and the daughter of the Earl of the River. Weave together the bulrushes for me so that the turtles will float to the surface." And no sooner had he spoken than [the God of the River] wove the bullrushes so that the turtles floated to the surface, whereupon he crossed over the river. Upon the mountain-fort west of Cholbon in Piryu Valley established his capital, wherein his family would long enjoy the hereditary position. Accordingly, he [ritually] summoned the Yellow Dragon to come down and "meet the king." The King was on the hill east of Cholbon, and the Yellow Dragon took him on its back and ascended to Heaven. He left a testamentary command to his heir apparent, King Yuryu, that he should conduct his government in accordance with the Way. Great King Churyu succeeded to rule and the throne was handed on, [eventually] to the seventeenth in succession, [who], having ascended the throne at twice-nine, was named King Yongnak.

Once a mountain kingdom of ancient palaces and emperors, Korea in the 21st century is largely known for its modern cities and decades of conflict. Tensions between North and South may be what defines it to outsiders but beyond the battle scars there is another side. In the south are large pockets of untouched wilderness where extraordinary animals flourish and Koreans continue to practise age-old traditions in tandem with the seasons and with nature. It is in these connections, rather than in division, that we see the true Korea.

https://www.bbc.co.uk/programmes/b09s0lss

It explores South Korea’s remarkable wildlife, natural landscapes and traditions explored and has been selected as Pick of the Day for The Times, The Guardian, Daily Mail, Radio Times and TV Times

Production Companies

BBC TV (for)

British Broadcasting Corporation (BBC) (for)

Buzz Media (in association with)

CJ E&M Pictures (in association with)

Oxford Scientific Films (co-production)

Terra Mater Factual Studios (co-production)

Distributors

British Broadcasting Corporation (BBC) (2018) (UK) (TV)

Release Dates UK          11 February 2018

Directed 

by James Reed

Writing Credits (in alphabetical order)  

Matt Houghton Hazel Marshall Anne Sommerfield

Cast (in credits order)  

Arthur Lee...Narrator (voice)

Produced by 

Harry Bang...assistant producer: Buzz Media Clare Birks...executive producer: Oxford Scientific Films Steve Do...assistant producer: Buzz Media Caroline Hawkins...executive producer Sabine Holzer...executive producer: Terra Mater Factual Studios Craig Hunter...commissioning editor: BBC Jae Hyuk Lee...executive producer: CJ E&M Philip Jones...producer: natural history Wolfgang Knöpfler...line producer: Terra Mater Factual Studios Chang Soo Lee...executive producer: Buzz Media Martin Mészáros...executive producer: Terra Mater Factual Studios James Reed...producer Keun Uk Cho...assistant producer: CJ E&M Kye Young Kim...producer: CJ E&M Ji Yun Lee...producer: CJ E&M

Music by 

William Goodchild...(original music by) The Insects...(original music by)

Cinematography 

by Wanho Lim...director of photography

Film Editing 

by Bobby Sheikh South Korea, officially the Republic of Korea (ROK), is a country in East Asia, constituting the southern part of the Korean Peninsula and lying to the east of the Asian mainland.[12] The name Korea is derived from Goguryeo which was one of the great powers in East Asia during its time,[13][14][15][16] ruling most of the Korean Peninsula, Manchuria, parts of the Russian Far East[17] and Inner Mongolia,[18] under Gwanggaeto the Great.[19] South Korea lies in the north temperate zone and has a predominantly mountainous terrain. It comprises an estimated 51.4 million residents distributed over 100,363 km2 (38,750 sq mi).[20][21] Its capital and largest city is Seoul, with a population of around 10 million.

South Korea is a highly developed country and a high-income economy, with a "very high" Human Development Index, ranking 22nd in the world. The country is considered a regional power and is the world's 11th largest economy by nominal GDP and the 12th largest by PPP as of 2010.[28] South Korea is a global leader in the industrial and technological sectors, being the world's 5th largest exporter and 8th largest importer. Its export-driven economy primarily focuses production on electronics, automobiles, ships, machinery, petrochemicals and robotics.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/South_Korea

South Korea occupies the southern portion of the Korean Peninsula, which extends some 1,100 km (680 mi) from the Asian mainland. This mountainous peninsula is flanked by the Yellow Sea to the west, and the East Sea(Sea of Japan) to the east. Its southern tip lies on the Korea Strait and the East China Sea.

The country, including all its islands, lies between latitudes 33° and 39°N, and longitudes 124° and 130°E. Its total area is 100,032 square kilometres (38,622.57 sq mi).[132]

South Korea can be divided into four general regions: an eastern region of high mountain ranges and narrow coastal plains; a western region of broad coastal plains, river basins, and rolling hills; a southwestern region of mountains and valleys; and a southeastern region dominated by the broad basin of the Nakdong River.[133]

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Joseon

Joseon dynasty (also transcribed as Chosŏn or Chosun, Korean: 조선; officially the Kingdom of Great Joseon, Korean: 대조선국) was a Korean[5]dynastic kingdom that lasted for approximately five centuries. It was founded by Yi Seong-gye in July 1392 and was replaced by the Korean Empirein October 1897.[6]

Joseon was the last dynasty of Korea and its longest-ruling Confucian dynasty.

  The Joseon period has left a substantial legacy to modern Korea; much of modern Korean culture, etiquette, norms and societal attitudes towards current issues developed during this period.

Gyeongbokgung (Hangul: 경복궁; Hanja: 景福宮), also known as Gyeongbokgung Palace or Gyeongbok Palace, was the main royal palace of the Joseon dynasty. Built in 1395, it is located in northern Seoul, South Korea. The largest of the Five Grand Palacesbuilt by the Joseon dynasty, Gyeongbokgung served as the home of Kings of the Joseon dynasty, the Kings' households, as well as the government of Joseon.

Joseon dynasty was a highly centralized monarchy and neo-Confucian bureaucracy as codified by Gyeongguk daejeon, a sort of Joseon constitution.

철학(신유학)적 가치에 바탕을 둔 헌법(절대권력마저도 쉽사리 훼손할 수 없는)을 가졌던 인류 역사상 가장 문명적인 왕조 중 하나가 바로 조선 왕조.

한국과 한국인을 이해하기 위해서는 조선이라는 타이틀 안에서 발견되는 독특한 역사, 시대, 인물, 가치, 제도를 가장 먼저 알아야할 것임.

The king had absolute authority, but his actual power varied with political circumstances. He was bound by tradition, precedents set by earlier kings, 여Kyeongguk daejeon, and Confucian teachings. The king commanded absolute loyalty from his officials and subjects, but the officials were also expected to persuade the king to the right path if the latter was thought to be mistaken.

Direct communication between the king and the common people was possible through the sangeon (상언; 上言) written petition system and the gyeokjaeng (격쟁; 擊錚) oral petition system.

Office of Censors (Saganwon·사간원) - Its chief function was to remonstrate with the king if there was wrong or improper action or policy. Important decrees of the king were first reviewed by censors, who could ask to withdraw them if judged improper. It also issued opinions about the general state of affairs. It was composed of five officials, led by Chief Censor (Daesagan·대사간), of 3rd senior rank.

Office of Special Advisors (Hongmungwan·홍문관 弘文館) - It oversaw the royal library and served as research institute to study Confucian philosophy and answer the king's questions. Its officials took part in the daily lessons called gyeongyeon (경연), in which they discussed history and Confucian philosophy with the king. Since these discussions often led to commentary on current political issues, its officials had significant influence as advisors. It was headed by Chief Scholar (Daejehak·대제학), a part-time post of 2nd senior rank that served concurrently in another high post (such as in State Council), and Deputy Chief Scholar (Bujehak·부제학), a full-time post of 3rd senior rank that actually ran the office.

Royal Secretariat (Seungjeongwon, 승정원) served as a liaison between the king and Six Ministries. There were six royal secretaries (승지), one for each ministry, and all were of 3rd senior rank. Their primary role was to pass down royal decree to the ministries and submit petitions from the officials and the populace to the king, but they also advised the king and served in other key positions close to the king. In particular Chief Royal Secretary (도승지), a liaison to Ministry of Personnel, served the king in the closest proximity of all government official and often enjoyed great power that was derived from the king's favor.

Joseon Korea installed a centralised administrative system controlled by civil bureaucrats and military officers who were collectively called Yangban. 

The family of a yangban who did not succeed to become a government official for the third generation lost their yangban status and became commoners. For most part, the only way to become a government official was to pass a series of gwageo exams (One had to pass "lesser gwageo" exam (소과) in both of two stages to qualify for greater gwageo exam, which again one had to pass in both of two stages to become a government official.)

 The yangban and the king, in an uneasy balance, controlled the central government and military institutions.

94 years female diver. 80 years of diving experience.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jeju_Island

Jejudo is a volcanic island, dominated by Hallasan: a volcano 1,950 metres (6,400 ft) high and the highest mountain in South Korea. The island measures approximately 73 kilometres (45 mi) across, east to west, and 41 kilometres (25 mi) from north to south.[20]

The island is home to 660,000 people but hosts 15,000,000 visitors per year.

http://english.visitkorea.or.kr/enu/ATR/SI_EN_3_6.jsp?cid=2433993

Among Seoul’s numerous attractions, the sites that continually draw in tourists are none other than the four palaces of Gyeongbokgung Palace, Changdeokgung Palace, Changgyeonggung Palace and Deoksugung Palace, as well as Jongmyo Shrine. At these locations, visitors can easily glimpse the beauty and culture that lasted over 500 years during Korea’s historic Joseon Dynasty (1392-1910). The palaces may all appear similar to the untrained eye, but spend more time here and you will see that each palace has its own charm and story. Visit the four palaces and Jongmyo Shrine for a closer look at the rise and fall of the royal family of the Joseon Dynasty.

https://www.eaaflyway.net/about-us/the-flyway/flyway-site-network/

South Korea (11)

[EAAF027] Cheolwon Basin

[ EAAF107 ] Chilbaldo Islet

[EAAF097] Nakdong Estuary

[EAAF028] Han River Estuary

[EAAF046] Cheonsu Bay

[EAAF101] Yubu-do Tidal Flat

[EAAF100] Geum River Estuary

[EAAF078] Gumi Haepyung wetland

[EAAF079] Suncheon Bay (순천만)

[EAAF096] Upo Wetland

[EAAF095] Junam Reservoir

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Haenyeo

Haenyeo (also spelled haenyo) (Hangul: 해녀; lit. sea women) are female divers in the Korean province of Jeju. Known for their independent spirit, iron will and determination, the haenyeo are representative of the semi-matriarchal family structure of Jeju.[1]:1

해녀는 전통적 한국 여인의 강인함과 책임감을 보여주는 상징적 존재임.

With each dive, haenyeo plunge up to 30 meters deep and can hold their breath for over three minutes.[8][11] Their harvests consist of abalone, conch, octopus, sea urchins, sea squirt, brown alga, top shell, a variety of sargassum, oysters, sea slugs etc.[2]:[8]:2350[5][7][10][11] The divers must contend with dangers such as jellyfish, poor weather and sharks.

94세의 현직 해녀.

육지에서는 잘 못 걷는데 물 속에서는 잘 걸을 수 있다고 함.

물에서는 물이 몸을 지지해주므로 허리와 다리 관절 등이 받는 충격이 완화되어 관절이 약하고 관절부위의 통증에 시달리는 노인일지라도 물속에서는 더 자유롭게 이동하고 운동할 수 있음.

http://www.newsworld.co.kr/detail.htm?no=2764

A breath-taking view of Seongsan Ilchulbong. Jeju Island, which achieved UNESCO’s “Triple Crown,” is a global recognized treasure for its environment assets.

Maisan is a mountain of Jeollabuk-do, western South Korea. It has an elevation of 686 metres.[1]

https://theculturetrip.com/asia/south-korea/articles/hanok-the-forerunner-to-eco-architecture/

The architecture is not of sole importance in the design and construction of hanok. What is more important is how the hanok relates to the holistic environment around it. Physical and visual harmony between the architecture and nature around it is an essential factor.

한국의 건축은 인간의 우월성을 드러내는 것이 아니라 인간과 자연의 조화를 드러내는 것임. 서양 건축같은 웅장함, 화려함은 없을지언정 주변 환경과의 모나지 않은 자연스러움과 조화가 가라앉은 차분한 미(美)를 발산함.

https://mp3kite.com/great-king-gwanggaeto-mp3-download

https://mp3kite.com/great-king-gwanggaeto-mp3-download?utm_source=dlvr.it&utm_medium=tumblr

Does King Gwanggaeto deserve to be one of the two people in Korean history to receive the title of 'Great' with Sejong?

King Gwanggaeto was pretty great. Samguk Sagi translates “King Gwanggaeto” as “The King who expanded the territory”, and he began doing that instantly. Previously, Goguryeo was in its worst spot up to that point. Gwanggaeto’s grandfather (King Gogugwon) had seen defeat after defeat to the King of Yan. The late King Micheon’s body was taken, as his widow and Gogugwon’s wife were also taken captive. Hwando fortress was destroyed, treasures from Goguryeo’s history were taken, and 50 thousand men and women were taken captive. Goguryeo was reduced to a vassal state, and right after Gogugwon had gotten free of Yan, Baekje invaded (at this point, it seems Baekje was at its peak) and besieged King Gogugwon at Pyongyang. A stray arrow hit and killed him. Gwanggaeto’s uncle, King Sosurim would fight with Baekje, but he couldn’t get any successes. Baekje was a real threat, and it had killed a king of Goguryeo. Gwanggaeto’s father, King Gogugyang fought some with Baekje, and Yan. He gained some successes against Yan, and lost more against Baekje. King Sosurim had set the stage for Gwanggaeto through centralizing the government a bit more - but I’m sure Gwanggaeto must have been a shock to all. Two months after the passing of King Gogugyang, the new King Gwanggaeto was moving out. Ten fortresses were seized from Baekje, and two months after that he was attacking the Khitan in the north - he brought home ten thousand people from Goguryeo that were previously captured (during Sosurim’s reign). The month afterwards he took one of Baekje’s big fortresses within twenty days (although Gwanggaeto’s stele claims this happened in a later year). When Baekje tried to retaliate, he sent generals to defeat them, and he built monasteries (there might be a relationship between victories against Baekje and the building of monasteries), boosting the new religion of Buddhism within Korea. On one occasion when Baekje invaded and he led 5,000 elite cavalry to counter-attack them. The Baekje army was defeated and the remainder fled in the night.

There’s plenty more, invading Yan, punching around Baekje more, etc. But Goguryeo grew significantly under him, and his marital abilities must have seemed like a true lifesaver in a time where Goguryeo’s best was being able to *not lose* land. That, and the new centralization that occurred right before (and under) him, show a shift in the country overall. I haven’t seen what’s recorded about him in his stele, or in SY, or in Baekje’s annals unfortunately. My sources are all coming from Goguryeo’s annals in the SS. Unfortunately, I also don’t know much about King Sejong yet, but from what I’ve heard, he was also pretty amazing. I could understand them standing next to each other as very notable monarchs. I’ll also note that Goguryeo had King Great Musin (Musin meaning “God of War”. I’ve also seen it translated as “Holy Warrior”) and Great King Taejo (I’m not sure what Taejo means. Feel free to let me know) as a couple other “greats”. Korea also has plenty other people/rulers that were great, but never got that title “the Great”. As for Gwanggaeto, yeah, he seems to deserve his praise.

http://ift.tt/eA8V8J via dramaserial.id

Tämän hetken draamat: La-Su osa I

CNBlue - Where You Are

You Who Rolled In Unexpectedly (My Husband Go a Family) (KBS2)

Tarina seuraa kuinka TV sarjoja tuottava Cha Yoon Hee (Kim Nam Joo) ja hänen lääkäri miehensä, Terry Kang (Yoo Joon Sang) muuttavat taloon ja tutustuvat naampureihinsa. Yoon Hee, joka tarkoituksella etsi miestä jolla ei ollut vanehempia taikka ne asuivat ulkomailla, saa yllättäen anopin Uhm Chung Ae (Yoon Yeo Jung) kun Terry löytää vihdoin biologiset vanhempansa. Sarja seuraa kahta perhettä ja heidän keskinäisiä suhteita, mukaan lukien Yoon Hee oma perhe ja Chung Ae suku. 

  Sarja otti ohjelmapaikan Ojakgyo Brothers sarjalta joka nautti suurta suosiota ja tämä on huolettomasti ottanut saman paikan korealaisessa televisiossa. Ja on hauska seurata kuinka anoppi ja miniä yrittävät etsiä omia paikkojaan ilman että välit on täysin töykeä. Nam Joo tekee loistavaa työtä yrittäessään näytellä vaimoa joka yrittää hammasta purren sietää uutta anoppia jolle aikasemmin oli sanonut suoraan. Lisäksi sarjassa on hurmannut CNBluen Kang Min Hyuk Nam Joon nuorempana veljenä joka pelkää isosiskoaan.

Cast: Kim Nam Joo (Queen of Reversals), Yoo Joon Sang (Kyung Sook's Father), Yoon Yeo Jung (Can You Hear My Heart)

Idoli: CNBlue Kang Min Hyuk

King Gwanggaeto the Great (KBS1)

Tarina kertoo kuningas Gwanggaeto (Lee Tae Gon) suuren elämän, joka palautti Gogurye takaisin loistoonsa taiselemalla vallan takaisin Baekjelta joka valloitti Goguryeon ennen Gwanggaeton syntymää ja samalla hallitsi Itä-Aasiaa kuningas Geunchogo nimissä.

Cast: Lee Tae Gon (Golden Fish), Kim Seung Soo (I Am Legend), Im Ho (You Don't Know Women), Oh Ji Eun (Smile, Dong Hae)

Soldier (War of God) (MBC)

Kertoo tarinan kuinka Kim Joon (Kim Joo Hyuk) köyhä kerjäläinen, nousee yhteiskunnan portaita ylös ja kaataa feudalisen hallinnon joka hallitsi maata yli 60 vuotta. 

Cast: Kim Joo Hyuk (Terroir), Kim Kyu Ri (Hurry and Tell Me), Jung Bo Suk (Can You Hear My Heart), Park Sang Min (I Believe in Men)

OST: Kyuhyun (Super Junior) - Inoo

Feast of the Gods (MBC)

Draama on rakennettu Korealaisen perinneruokaa tarjoavan ravintoan Arirang ympärille, siitä kuinka Go Joon Young (Sung Yu Ri) ja Ha In Joo (Seo Hyun Jin) kilpailevat paikan pääkokin paikasta kasvaen siinä samalla. Soppaan on vielä lisätty Choi Jae Ha (Joo Sang Wook) entisen pääkokin lapsenlapsi ja Kim Do Yoon (Lee Sang Woo) uutena kokkina ravintolassa.

Cast: Sung Yu Ri (Romance Town), Joo Sang Wook (Ten), Lee Sang Woo (A Thousand Days' Promise), Seo Hyun Jin (The Duo)

OST: Lee Jung - Sad Love 

Dummy Mommy (SBS)

Lue aikaisempi julkaisu

Can Love Become Money (MBN)

Romanttinen komedia nuoresta ja menestyksekäästä Ma In Tak (Yeon Jung Joon) joka tarjoutuu antamaan 10 biljoonan wonin perintö rahan tulevalle vaimolleen.

Cast: Yeon Jung Joon (Vampire Prosecutor), Uhm Ji Won (Sign), Wang Bit Na (I Believe in Men), Jo Yeon Woo (Fermentation Family)

Credit: KBS, MBC, SBS, MBN

Could you tell me any famous generals (not including kings like Gwanggaeto) during the Korean 3K? Preferably in the 3rd and 4th century but before or beyond would be cool too

Sure. Jin Mu of Baekje was the general under King Asin who fought time after time with King Gwanggaeto. He was a “very bold and resourceful leader under whom the men of the time willingly served”. He charged into battle first and was a great leader; however, he could not stop Gwanggaeto and in the end Gwanggaeto marched into Baekje’s capital.

Jae U, Jaejeung Keollu, and Koi Mannyeon were all generals for Goguryeo under King Jangsu and they led the attacks on Baekje’s capital (in 475). Keollu and Mannyeon were previously criminals in Baekje who then fled to Goguryeo and gained their ranks. When they caught King Gaero of Baekje fleeing, they dismounted, bowed, spat in his face three times, and then took him away and executed him. Kim Busik specifically condemns these two for their actions.

The Samguk Sagi begins to state more on generals later generally, so in the late 5th century and onward is when there’s more information on the generals of the time. Isabu of Silla was a pretty important general for the growth of Silla in the 6th century. Kim Muryeok was another big general, fighting against King Seong of Baekje. Several other generals are named at that battle or in surrounding battles of that time.

I’m currently trying to understand the 6th century well for each kingdom, so I haven’t read extensively into the following next century, but Kim Yusin is the grandest general of the era. Kim Yusin was the legendary Hwarang leader that led the unification of the peninsula. He was also the grandson of aforementioned Kim Muryeok. Hope this helps some. Once I get a better understanding of the battles, I’d like to write more on this all.