Who will be the Prime minister of Pakistan?

Who will be the Prime minister of Pakistan?

Who will be the Prime Minister of Pakistan? is a crucial question for Pakistan after the recent elections. In an era of democracy, the next prime minister has to be able to bolster his country’s international standing. Pakistan has historically supported the United States, but it has moved further away from the U.S. under Imran Khan. Last year, Pakistan was accused of supporting the Taliban…

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Taliban: Has America Lost to China in Afghanistan?

How do we explain utter surrender of 300,000 strong Afghan Army fully trained and militarily equipped by US before ‘’volunteer’’ force of 50,000 strong Taliban? Where did Taliban get money and arms to raise and sustain its armed force? It is clear that Taliban does not enjoy support of people of Afghanistan. So, obviously their sources of fund and arms and supplies are outside Afghanistan. Is it that Taliban is merely a proxy or face of forces whose interests were not served by the duly elected Afghan Government led by Ghani?  Interestingly, China, Pakistan and Russia are the only countries currently running their embassies and maintaining diplomatic presence in Afghanistan. Obviously, they are comfortable working with Taliban as evident from their moderate attitude (towards Taliban).   This could well be the indicator of the days to come. Chinese Foreign Ministry spokeswoman Hua Chunying said that China is ready to develop a friendly and mutually cooperative relationship with Taliban and wants to play a constructive role for peace and reconstruction in Afghanistan. China maintains contact and communication with Taliban and other parties on the basis of full respect for the sovereignty of Afghanistan. Whereas, Pakistani prime minister Imran Khan said, ''what is happening in Afghanistan right now has broken the chains of slavery, when you adopt someone culture then you feel that culture is higher than you and, in the end, you get mixed with it''. On the face of it, Imran Khan seems to be damning American culture and pleading Afghanis to renounce so-called American slavery.   However, interplay of strategic and economic interests appear to be the defining dynamic.   China had made good investments in Afghanistan. Several Chinese companies are involved in various projects in Afghanistan including in Aynak Copper Mine project which is the second largest copper mine in the world. Due to political reasons, many of the Chinese projects in Afghanistan had stopped. With Taliban at the helm of affairs in Afghanistan, these Chinese mining projects could now resume.     More importantly, Chinese objectives behind China-Pakistan Economic Corridor (C-PEC) could not be fully met without a similar China-Afghanistan Economic Corridor (C-AfEC). Under Taliban, this could very well see the day. And, of course a big market for cheap China made products would be decent topping for Chinese manufacturing industries.   With this, China would advance an inch forward towards objective of becoming super-power. Simultaneously, USA would lose its shine.   *** Read the full article

Basic Information

Full name: Tasneem Khan Pronunciation: Tus-neem Kh-ahn Nickname(s): Nimi (Nym-ee). TK (childhood nickname) Birthdate: October 24 Age: 35 Gender: Demiboy Pronouns: They/Them Romantic orientation: Panromantic Sexual orientation: Pansexual Nationality: British Pakistani Ethnicity: Pakistani   Current location: London, UK Living conditions: They’ve recently moved into live in a small two bedroom flat with their baby mama -- a woman named Aysha Farooqi. It’s a small space, but it’s comfortable. They’ve spent the last few months bickering over nursery colors and picking out rocking chairs as they slowly assemble a nursery. Their space, in comparison, is lacking, as if all of the effort and money these two have pooled together is going to taking care of this child. Their furniture doesn’t quite match and is covered with more paint stains than Aysha will admit to. The pair share a bedroom for now, but the plan is for them to save and move to a place where they can each have their own. Nimi is a fan of natural light and is often throwing open all of the windows and making sure all of their houseplants get some sun.

Background

Birthplace: London, UK Hometown: London, UK Social Class: Middle Class Educational achievements: *crickets chirp* Father: Imran Khan Mother: Minha Khan Sibling(s): Nadia(41), Amna(38), Zoha (38) Birth order: 4th child. Pets: There was a fam dog! Never one of their own. Previous relationships: They’ve had a couple! They burnt through them fast back in college and was probably a bit of an immature shithead at that time. They’ve been slower after that, making figuring themself out a priority first. They’ve had a few relationships since, but all had been slow to develop and figure out as Nimi stays cautious with their heart and the hearts of others. They’re in a open relationship right now with Aysha, which works well for them. Arrests: Yup...They had some dumb ass college days. Prison time: Nothing significant

Occupation & Income

Current occupation: Nurse! Dream occupation: Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtle Past job(s): Cashier, Barista, Receptionist. Spending habits: They spend way too much money on houseplants. Also baby shopping: they have to be convinced not to buy every onesie with a dumb phrase on it. In debt?: They owe some money to their parents that they’ve slowly been repaying. With the new baby on the horizon, their parents say to forget about it and to focus on making sure the little one has everything. Most valuable possession: AA chip.

Skills & Abilities

Physical strength: Average Speed:  Below Average Intelligence: Average Accuracy:  Average Agility:  Below Average Stamina: Above Average Teamwork:  They’re an extrovert who pulls energy and motivation out of working with teams and groups. They’re quick to follow directions and appreciate guidance. Talents/hobbies: Crosstitching, cartwheels, board games and tabletop gaming, drawing sharp ass eyeliner wings, gardening Shortcomings: Impulsive and naive Languages spoken: English, Urdu and a tiny bit of Hindi Drive?: Yeup Jump-start a car?: If someone reminds them which is positive and which is negative, yeah Change a flat tyre?: Nope Ride a bicycle?: Yes! Swim?: Yup. Play an instrument?: Used to know piano, hasn’t played in ages Play chess?: Yes! Braid hair?: Does their niece’s hair all the time Tie a tie?: Yeup Pick a lock?: Nope Cook?: They’re learning!

Physical Appearance & Characteristics

Faceclaim: Riz Ahmed Eye colour: Brown Hair colour: Black Hair type/style/length: Short Glasses/contacts?: None Dominant hand: Right Height: 5’8″ Weight: 145 lbs Build: Lean Exercise habits: Goes on runs in the morning and bikes often Skin tone: Golden brown Tattoos: A floral design on the upper thigh, Pride rainbow on the ankle. “no flowers. no rain” on the back of their arm. Matching dinosaur tatts with siblings. Six small circles on the wrist (saving throws). Piercings: A nose piercing. Both ears pierced, but doesn’t wear earrings often. Marks/scars: A scrape on the knee and hand from a bike fall. Clothing style: Bright and colorful. They wear lots of loose, billowy tops. You’ll often see them in lots of cardigans or loose sweaters. If it’s hot, they’re usually prefering tanks or sleeveless shirts over t shirts. They’re also a fan of showing collarbone.   Jewellery: Nose ring, sometimes switched out for a stud. For special events, or when they want to feel good, earrings come out. Makeup:  They used to wear a looot of makeup when younger but have settled down into something more comfortable lately. Usually eyeliner and maybe some concealer. Allergies: None! Diet: Don’t drink, don’t eat pork. Eats halal. Physical ailments: None.

Psychology

MBTI type: ENFP Enneagram type: Peacemaker Moral Alignment: Chaotic Good Temperament: Sanguine Element: Air Emotional stability: High anxiety and self consciousness Introvert or Extrovert? Extrovert Obsession(s): How people perceive them Compulsion(s): Alcoholism Phobia(s): Cruises, Scientologists Addiction(s): Alcohol, Drugs Drug use: Yup Alcohol use: Yikes Prone to violence?: Nope Prone to crying?: Yes Believe in love at first sight?: Sure, but not for them

Mannerisms

Accent: British I guess? Speech quirks: Stutters when nervous Habits: Grinding their teeth. Nervous ticks: Messing with their hair. Drives/motivations: Being a better version of themself. Self care. Fears: Loneliness. Sense of humour?: Goofy. Self deprecative at times. Do they curse often?: Sometimes.

Favourites

Animal: Turtles. Beverage: Roohafza Book:  The House Plant Expert by Dr. D. G. Hessayon Colour: Yellow Food: Mac & Cheese Flower: Anthirium Gem: Rose Quartz Mode of transportation: Biking Scent: Jasmine Sport: Competitive Hot Dog Eating? Weather: Being cozy on rainy days Vacation destination: Pakistan, dad’s village

Attitudes

Greatest dream: Being a good parent. Greatest fear: Loneliness, failing at being Most at ease when: Being the little spoon Least as ease when: they feel like they have something to prove Worst possible thing that could happen: Being somehow whisked away from their son’s birth and missing his whole life Biggest achievement: Nurse’s license Biggest regret: Lying to their siblings and stealing from them.

Ehsaas Emergency Cash Program 2020 Latest Update

Federal Government has announced the Ehsaas Emergency Cash Program Registration 8171 under the Ehsaas Cash program. Government of Federal will give 12,000 Rupees as per family via SMS. Pakistan’s Poor and deserving, which are touching the force of the economic and social impact of coronavirus disease, can avail the federal government of Pakistan Ehsaas Program Registration by sending their CNIC Number on 8171.

See More Latest Pakistan Jobs

SMS Service 8171 Latest Update

Today, 08 April 2020 Imran Khan and Dr. Sania Nishtar said that from 09 April 2020 Ehsaas Emergency Cash will start to receive from candidates who have applied. After checked form database you're financial the position you will be informed either you are eligible or not.

Translate It In the Urdu Language

How you can apply for PM Ehsaas Emergency Cash Program 2020:

Follow the below steps for apply online.

Send your NADRA CNIC number through SMS on 8171

If CNIC number is valid you will automatically move to the next step; otherwise, you will get a message declaring “Your CNIC number is not valid for the Ehsaas Emergency Cash Program.”

The applicant / Candidate are blocked due to reason profiling he will be notified through SMS else will move forward to the next step.

If you and your (wife / Husband) is a government employee in any department then you are not eligible for the Ehsas Emergency Cash Program.

If the CNIC Details is not saved in the NSER (National Socio-Economic Registry) database then you will be informed via SMS and told that to contact your Regional Offices of Ehsaas Program Registration 8171 to apply for the Ehsaas Emergency Cash Program.

Online Apply and Check Status: Click Here

Ahsaas Program New Update

Imran Ahmad Khan: Tory MP Found Guilty Of Sexually Assaulting 15-Year-Old Boy

Imran Ahmad Khan arrives at Southwark Crown Court in London.

A Tory MP has been found guilty of sexually assaulting a 15-year-old boy after forcing him to drink gin at a party 14 years ago.

The victim said he wasn’t “taken very seriously” when he made the allegation to the Conservative Party press office days before Imran Ahmad Khan, 48, was elected as the MP for Wakefield in West Yorkshire in the December 2019 general election.

He made a complaint to police days after Khan helped prime minister Boris Johnson win a large Commons majority by taking Wakefield in the so-called “red wall” that had formed Labour’s heartlands in the Midlands and northern England.

Southwark Crown Court heard how Khan forced the teenager to drink gin and tonic, dragged him upstairs, pushed him onto a bed and asked him to watch pornography before the attack at a house in Staffordshire in January 2008.

The victim, now 29, told a jury he was left feeling “scared, vulnerable, numb, shocked and surprised” after Khan touched his feet and legs, coming within “a hair’s breadth” of his privates, as he went to sleep in a top bunkbed.

He ran to his parents and a police report was made at the time, but no further action was taken because the youngster did not want to make a formal complaint.

But he told jurors “it all came flooding back” when he learned Khan was standing in the December 2019 general election.

The Tory hopeful was literally parachuted into the constituency in a skydiving stunt after he was selected to replace Antony Calvert weeks before the election.

Days ahead of the poll, the victim said he contacted the Conservative Party press office, to tell them what Khan had done to him, but added: “I wasn’t taken very seriously.”

Khan, who was sent a questionnaire by Staffordshire Police rather than being interviewed under caution at a station because of “Covid protocols in place at the time”, denied sexual assault.

The MP, who is gay and a Muslim, claims he only touched the Catholic teenager’s elbow when he “became extremely upset” after a conversation about his confused sexuality.

Khan, then 34, said he was trying to be “kind” and “helpful”, but the teenager became upset and “bolted” when the topic of pornography was raised.

But Khan, who has been suspended by the Conservative Party, was found guilty by a jury at Southwark Crown Court on Monday by a jury after around five hours of deliberations.

The judge, Mr Justice Baker said he will sentence Khan at a date to be fixed.

He will be thrown out of the House of Commons if he is handed a prison sentence of more than a year, or otherwise could be subject to a petition to oust him in the recall process.

This is a breaking news story and will be updated. Follow HuffPost UK on Twitter, Facebook and Instagram.

from HuffPost UK - Athena2 - All Entries (Public) https://ift.tt/twdVcpS via IFTTT

A handful of Pakistani women recently went public to accuse famous actor and musician Ali Zafar of sexually harassing and abusing them. Their announcement grabbed headlines, prompted outrage and sparked the Me Too movement in conservative Pakistan. The women’s remarkable statements — followed by similar claims in politics and business sectors — are a sea change in this highly traditional Islamic country where female honor killings, child brides and polygamy are commonplace. In Pakistan, women receive only a portion of an inheritance that males get. "I think in any society it is difficult for women to come forward,” said Nighat Dad, director of the Digital Rights Foundation and an activist for women's rights. “The Me Too movement has organically come with women coming forward against powerful men, be it Ali Zafar or a CEO of a tech start-up, to finally hold men accountable for their behavior.”  Victims of sexual abuse and harassment have long suffered in silence in Pakistan, where shame is placed on the woman and not the perpetrator. Most women never report the incidents, but those who do come forward often face shame or questions about their morality. Pakistani pop singer Meesha Shafi, who accused Zafar of sexually harassing her on multiple occasions, is challenging that tradition. “Today I am breaking this culture of silence and I hope that by doing that I am setting an example for young women in my country to do the same,” Shafi wrote on Twitter last month. “We only have our voices and the time has come to use them.” Zafar denied the claims and demanded that Shafi delete the allegation online and issue an apology, or he would file a $9 million defamation suit against her. “I am deeply aware and in support of the global Me Too movement and what it stands for,” Zafar said in a statement. “I am the father of a young girl and a young boy, a husband to a wife and a son to a mother. I have nothing to hide. Silence is absolutely not an option.” Shafi has refused to take down her tweets. Her attorney denied she defamed Zafar. Days after the public dispute erupted, more women came forward against Zafar, who has been compared to Hollywood producer and accused abuser Harvey Weinstein in the Pakistani press. Leena Ghani, a makeup artist based in London, said Zafar had repeatedly “crossed boundaries” with her. “His behavior displays a clear lack of respect for women,” Ghani said on Twitter. “Inappropriate contact, groping, sexual comments should not fall in the gray area between humor and indecency.”  Humna Raza, a blogger from Lahore, accused Zafar of groping her when she asked to take a selfie with him. Another woman, Noor Sehar, a Karachi marketing executive, accused Zafar of sexual misconduct at a party. Such allegations are not isolated. Khalid Bajwa, chief executive of local music streaming company Patari, stepped down from his post last month following sexual harassment allegations. While many have supported the Pakistani singer for bravely speaking out, others questioned her accusations. “I just don’t see any truth in these allegations,” said film actress Resham, who uses a single name for her career. “Ali cannot do such a thing. How can he harass a woman and she doesn’t slap him back, hit him with a shoe, push him away or complain to his wife?” Shafi also has been shamed on social media after she went public. "The backlash that Meesha has faced, the misogynistic attitudes that she has had to confront also sends women a message that there is still a cost to coming forward,” Dad said. Others defended her.  “Meesha is a superstar who is really successful and earns as much as the male stars in this country,” said actor and model Iffat Omar in an Instagram post. “So why would she do this if she was not hurt? Many people are claiming that she is doing this for fame or money. She already has more than enough of both.” Still, many women are afraid to come forward because of possible repercussions. For example, lawmaker Ayesha Gulali of the mainstream Pakistan Tehreek-e-Insafpolitical party, recently accused her party’s leader, Imran Khan, of sending her lewd text messages. She was hit with backlash both online and from her party. Party leaders tried but failed to kick her out of the party and expel her from parliament. Lawmaker Ayesha Gulali of the Pakistan Tehreek-e-Insaf party says her party leader Imran Khan sent her lewd text messages. Also, broadcast journalists Tanzeela Mazhar and Yashfeen Jamal pursued a sexual harassment case against the director of current affairs at Pakistan Television, Agha Masood Shorish, they stirred up a storm of criticism before he was eventually fired. “When I raised my voice, people responded with (degrading) comments about women, our character and personal lives,” Mazhar said. Still, Shafi encouraged other women to come forward with this answer on Twitter: “It’s only scary till you say it!”

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Good Evening, The NSO has stated that Pegasus is not a tool for mass surveillance ,but the 10,000 numbers that are in the Moroccan cluster of the database suggest otherwise ,says forbidden stories, while the stated aimed of Pegasus is fight crime and terrorism, the database also has the numbers of over 200 journalists world wide ,including media houses such as The Wire ,The Hindu ,and Hindustan Times. The database also contains the number of about 13 state,such as French President Emmanuuel Macron, who has probably been spied on from Morocco; south African President Cyril Ramaphosa, probably spied on from Rwanda; and Pakisthan ' s Prime Minister Imran Khan ,probably spied on for India.A cluster of 2,000 Indian and Pakisthani Phone numbers ,identified be being of possible interest of the Indian client ,has the contacts for Oppositions,Civil fight activists ,and judges.any way possible tical leaders dearly game proof to this reports,so hard punishments must ,any way prime minister or president ,so judiciary is such,no dealing to our path punishment ours,how ,this questions not ask the any country justice to good.criminal activities ones punishment not making to justice after ,our private judiciary decide to punishment.....continue (at Mumbai - मुंबई) https://www.instagram.com/p/CR1RWJQhklr/?utm_medium=tumblr

The Pegasus Project | A Global Investigation

The Spyware is Sold to Governments to Fight Terrorism. In India, It Was Used to Hack Journalists and Others.

The confirmed infections of seven phones represent a tiny fraction of what may be a vast surveillance net in Modi’s India

— Wall Street Journal | By Joanna Slater and Niha Masih | July 19, 2021

Rahul Gandhi with his sister Priyanka Gandhi in Kalpetta in southern India in 2019. Rahul Gandhi, the country’s main opposition leader and the great-grandson of India’s first prime minister, is one of the most prominent Indians to appear on a list that includes numbers selected for surveillance by an NSO Group client. (Atul Loke/Getty Images)

NEW DELHI — A powerful surveillance tool licensed only to governments was used to infiltrate mobile phones belonging to at least seven people in India and was active on some of their devices as recently as this month.

The hacks — confirmed by forensic analysis of the phones — represent a tiny fraction of what may be a vast surveillance net, intensifying concerns about the erosion of civil liberties in India under Prime Minister Narendra Modi.

Hundreds of Indian phone numbers appeared on a list that included some selected for surveillance by clients of NSO Group, an Israeli firm. The list contained numbers for Rahul Gandhi, India’s main opposition leader; Ashok Lavasa, a key election official considered an obstacle to the ruling party; and M. Hari Menon, the local head of the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation.

Others included on the list were journalists, activists, opposition politicians, senior officials, business executives, public health experts, Tibetan exiles and foreign diplomats. A group of Modi critics accused of plotting to overthrow the government also appeared on the list.

The spyware that infiltrated seven of the analyzed phones is called Pegasus. It secretly unlocks the contents of a target’s mobile phone and transforms it into a listening device. NSO says it licenses the tool exclusively to government agencies to combat terrorism and other serious crimes.

In India, use of the spyware appears to have gone well beyond those objectives. Five of the phones infiltrated in India belonged to journalists and one to a high-profile political adviser working for Modi’s opponents.

More than 1,000 phone numbers in India appeared on the list, according to a months-long collaborative investigation by The Washington Post and 16 media partners in 10 countries. The consortium verified the identities of the people associated with more than 300 of the numbers in India.

It is not known how many of the phones on the list were actually targeted for surveillance or how many attempts were successful. Forensic analyses performed on 22 smartphones in India whose numbers appeared on the list showed that 10 were targeted with Pegasus, seven of them successfully. Eight of the 12 inconclusive results involved Android phones, which do not log the information needed for the method used to uncover infection.

Sushant Singh, an Indian journalist whose phone number first appeared on the list in 2018, reported extensively on a controversial purchase of fighter jets from France by the Modi government. Pegasus was active on Singh’s iPhone as recently as this month, a forensic analysis showed.

The targeting of journalists creates “an environment of fear and intimidation” where “democracy eventually stands weakened,” Singh said.

Forbidden Stories, a Paris-based journalism nonprofit, and Amnesty International had access to the list of thousands of phone numbers worldwide and shared it with The Post and other outlets. Forbidden Stories oversaw the investigation, called the Pegasus Project, and Amnesty’s International’s Security Lab provided forensic analyses and technical support but had no editorial input.

It is not clear how many of the mobile phones on the worldwide list were ultimately infected by spyware. In all, Amnesty’s Security Lab examined 67 phones where attacks were suspected. Thirty-seven phones showed traces of Pegasus activity: 23 were successfully infected, and 14 showed signs of attempted targeting. For the remaining 30 phones, the tests were inconclusive. Half of them were Android devices, which do not store the types of data needed by Amnesty to indicate infection.

How Pegasus Works

Target: Someone sends what’s known as a trap link to a smartphone that persuades the victim to tap and activate — or activates itself without any input, as in the most sophisticated “zero-click” hacks.

Infect: The spyware captures and copies the phone’s most basic functions, NSO marketing materials show, recording from the cameras and microphone and collecting location data, call logs and contacts.

Track: The implant secretly reports that information to an operative who can use it to map out sensitive details of the victim’s life.

Amnesty has openly criticized NSO’s spyware business and supported an unsuccessful lawsuit against the company in an Israeli court seeking to have its export license revoked.

The numbers from India and to a lesser extent Pakistan that appeared on the list offer a portrait of an NSO client’s priorities in the region. The records included at least one number once used by Pakistani Prime Minister Imran Khan, as well as hundreds of others in the country. Khan did not respond to a request for comment.

Among the hundreds of Pakistani phone numbers that appear on a list that includes numbers selected for surveillance by NSO Group clients was one once associated with Prime Minister Imran Khan. (Adem Altan/AFP)

Yet there were many more Indian numbers on the list. Citizen Lab, a research group at the University of Toronto that specializes in studying Pegasus, has found evidence that 10 countries represented on the list, including India, have been clients of NSO, according to Bill Marczak, a senior research fellow.

India has neither confirmed nor denied that it obtained Pegasus spyware. In 2019, WhatsApp said it had uncovered a vulnerability through which more than 1,400 of its users worldwide were targeted using Pegasus, a group that included people in India. In a parliamentary debate later that year, then-Indian law minister Ravi Shankar Prasad repeatedly declined to answer questions about whether the country had bought the tool. Prasad said that no “unauthorized” surveillance had occurred.

In response to detailed questions, a statement from India’s Ministry of Electronics and Information Technology said the claim of government surveillance of specific people “has no concrete basis or truth associated with it whatsoever.”

The government did not respond to questions about whether it is an NSO Group client. The statement said that “any interception, monitoring or decryption of any information through any computer resource is done as per due process of law.”

In lengthy responses, NSO called the investigation’s findings exaggerated and baseless. It also said it does not operate the spyware licensed to its clients and “has no insight” into their specific intelligence activities. It added that its technologies have helped prevent terrorist attacks and bombings and broken up rings that trafficked in drugs, sex and children.

“NSO Group will continue to investigate all credible claims of misuse and take appropriate action based on the results of these investigations,” the company said.

More than 30 Indian journalists appeared on the list. Those whose phones were compromised, forensic analysis showed, included Siddharth Varadarajan and M.K. Venu, two co-founders of the Wire, an Indian digital media outlet and a partner in the Pegasus Project.

Another person successfully targeted with Pegasus software was Prashant Kishor, an influential campaign strategist who once worked for Modi but this year helped defeat his party in a crucial state election. Kishor’s phone was compromised as recently as July 14, a forensic analysis showed. He said the apparent surveillance was “really disappointing.” Those responsible “were looking to take undue advantage of their position of power with the help of illegal snooping,” Kishor said.

Some of the Indian numbers on the list belonged to people who could be viewed as legitimate targets of inquiry by Indian law enforcement or intelligence services, including some belonging to people connected to ongoing criminal investigations.

Yet the numbers also included people who did not appear to have had run-ins with law enforcement authorities. In addition to the journalists, there were opposition politicians, activists, several public health experts and business executives. Some were government critics, while others seemed to be allies.

Two ministers in Modi’s government — Ashwini Vaishnaw, the new minister for information technology, and Prahlad Singh Patel, a junior minister for water resources — were among those whose phone numbers appeared on the list. Vaishnaw and Patel did not respond to requests for comment.

Rahul Gandhi, seen in New Delhi in 2019, was Prime Minister Narendra Modi’s chief rival in upcoming national elections when phone numbers he used were added in 2018 to a list that included numbers selected for surveillance by NSO Group clients. (Atul Loke/Getty Images)

One of the most prominent people on the list was Rahul Gandhi, a leading opposition figure and the great-grandson of India’s first prime minister. When numbers used by Gandhi were added to the list in 2018, he was Modi’s chief rival in upcoming national elections.

Those selected included not only Gandhi but some of his staff members and friends. Alankar Sawai and Sachin Rao, two of his close advisers, were among those whose numbers appeared on the list, as were several of Gandhi’s personal friends. Sawai and Rao did not answer requests for comment.

Gandhi responded with a statement. “Targeted surveillance of the type you describe, whether in regard to me, other leaders of the opposition or indeed any law-abiding citizen of India is illegal and deplorable,” he said. “If your information is correct, the scale and nature of surveillance you describe goes beyond an attack on the privacy of individuals. It is an attack on the democratic foundations of our country. It must be thoroughly investigated and those responsible be identified and punished.”

Another person who was an impediment to Modi’s ambitions was also on the list: Ashok Lavasa, a senior official who was in line to lead the powerful Election Commission of India. Lavasa determined that Modi repeatedly violated election guidelines during the 2019 national campaign. He later resigned from the commission. Lavasa declined to comment.

Others had nothing to do with politics. Several people working in India’s health sector are represented on the list, among them Gagandeep Kang, a virologist, and two employees of the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention based in Delhi.

In 2018, Kang was helping with aspects of the response to an outbreak of the deadly Nipah virus in the southern Indian state of Kerala. She urged Indian health officials to share blood samples of those infected with a global initiative to develop vaccines against future pandemics, an effort that was ultimately fruitless. Kang struggled to imagine why she would be deemed a target of surveillance. “I lead a very, very boring life,” she said.

Virologist Gagandeep Kang, one of several people working in India’s health sector whose numbers appeared on a list that includes numbers selected for surveillance, struggled to imagine why she would be of interest. “I lead a very, very boring life,” she said. (Pallava Bagla/Corbis/Getty Images)

M. Hari Menon, the India country head for the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation, as well as at least one other foundation employee were added to the list in mid-2019. It was a period when the foundation was extending a significant honor to Modi: In September, the prime minister was named a “global goalkeeper” at an annual ceremony in New York for his work on sanitation. Menon did not respond to a request for comment.

Proximity to India’s top officials was also common among some on the list. In 2019, a woman made an explosive complaint against the chief justice of India’s Supreme Court, accusing him of sexual harassment. After she rebuffed his advances, she said, she was dismissed from her job at the court. The justice denied the allegations.

After the woman’s accusations went public, family members said they received anonymous threats. At least 11 phone numbers used by the woman, her husband and two other family members were also on the list of those apparently selected for potential surveillance. The justice is now a member of Parliament with the ruling party.

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The breadth of the potential targets in India raises legal questions. The Indian government has the power to “surveil, monitor and decrypt” communications, but hacking is a crime in India.

Lawyers looking to represent people whose phones have been hacked by Pegasus face an imposing hurdle: How can they challenge the legality of a tool that the government has never acknowledged using?

Legal surveillance requests in India are granted by a senior official in the Home Ministry, both at the federal and state levels. They are reviewed by a small committee of civil servants, and there is no oversight by the courts unless there is a challenge in a specific case. Only a minority of surveillance requests are rejected, said G.K. Pillai, former home secretary.

The federal government alone was approving as many as 9,000 telephone interception requests a month in 2014, according to an official reply to the Software Freedom Law Center.

Shashi Tharoor, a member of Parliament who chairs the committee on information technology and belongs to the opposition Congress Party, said hacking is against the law in India, except if the government “invokes a national security exception, which, to my knowledge, they have not done.” Surveillance using a spyware tool like Pegasus “would be illegal unless those who have done it can demonstrate otherwise.”

— Michael Safi of the Guardian contributed to this report.

— The Pegasus Project is a collaborative investigation that involves more than 80 journalists from 17 news organizations coordinated by Forbidden Stories with the technical support of Amnesty International’s Security Lab. Read more about this project.