#tool to clean perforated leather seats | Explore Tumblr Posts and Blogs

r8autodetailing · 2 years

Text

Car Seat Cleaning: Best Ways To Clean Your Car Seats

Car Detailing

Car Seat Cleaning: Best Ways To Clean Your Car Seats

The Ultimate Guide To Cleaning Your Car Seats

If you’re a vehicle owner that cares about the condition and value of your car, you know that spills and stains are inevitable. Which also means that cleaning the inside of your car, specifically cleaning your car seats will be on your to-do list.Depending on the condition of your vehicle, it may call for an interior detail that requires more time and effect then you want to dedicate to it. Eating in the car, the mess the kids leave behind, pet hair, etc. it all seems very overwhelming. Dirt and strains in the car seats not only drastically reduce the aesthetics of your vehicle, but also put your vehicle’s resale value at stake, and can leave you feeling embarrassed to have friends and family in your car.With the right tools and products, along with some elbow grease, your car seats can be restored to their previous glory. That said, here’s all the car seat cleaning know-how that you should keep at your disposal.

Can Car Seats Be Cleaned?

The answer is absolutely yes. Of course, car seat cleaning is possible, and that’s why most professional interior detail packages include it. But, the methods and the equipment vary based on the type of car seat your vehicle has, such as leather, vinyl, or cloth.For instance, leather seat cleaning requires extra care. Special leather cleaners, wipes, and leather conditioners are some of the mandatory products that are synonymous with leather seat cleaning. Plus, if your leather car seats have perforations (small holes in the material) applying the least amount of liquid possible is wise. Cloth car seats, on the other hand, need all-purpose cleaners, agitating heavy stains with upholstery brushes, and the use of an absorbent cloth to dry the seats such as microfiber towels.Vinyl Upholstery is a bit easier to clean. Sometimes spraying some all-purpose cleaner on the seats, rubbing them with a microfiber towel and letting them dry will pretty much do the trick. The bottom line is, just because your car seats have heavy stains, it doesn’t mean you need to kiss them goodbye. A thorough car seat cleaning can get any car seat back to its best possible condition.

Who Can Clean My Car Seats?

Getting Your Car Seats Professionally Cleaned

In terms of car seat cleaning, you can go to a car wash that does interior cleaning, or a professional auto detailer. Although you’ll see desirable results with a car wash, they’ll only zero in on the overall appeal of the vehicle. In other words, they won’t bother paying attention to detail. They’re designed to service as many people as possible, as fast pace possible. Which may leave you feeling less than satisfied with the results. As opposed to auto detailers, who will go the extra mile to restore your vehicle back to showroom quality. They are competent and trained to be meticulous when it comes to vehicle cleaning. Auto detailers will spend more time agitating, wiping, and cleaning every nook and cranny to ensure everything on your car’s interior is up to par. Including spending extra time with any stains on the car seats. In that respect, if you’re after more of a high-end interior detail experience, a seasoned auto detailer should be your first choice.

How Much Does Car Seat Cleaning Cost?

Car seat cleaning usually comes as a package deal with most interior car details. However, the cost is always determined depending on what Interior Detail package you go for. For example, there is basic interior car cleaning, which will sometimes provide a wipe down of the seats. There is also full interior car detailing, this will usually include a complete cleaning for the car seats and carpet. If you choose a basic Interior car cleaning from a professional service such as R8 Auto Detailing, expect to spend between $65 to $140. But, this package doesn’t include deep cleaning, stain removal, and shampooing. However, say your vehicle hasn’t been cleaned in over 3 months and its interior has seen better days, hands-down a full interior detail will be your wisest call. In a full Interior detail, Car seat cleaning will be thorough, and the detailers won’t leave any stone unturned in terms of banishing all blemishes. Your car seats will be brought back to the best condition possible.In light of that, a full interior car detail done by a reliable detailer such as R8 Auto Detailing will cost around $140 to $225 depending on the condition and type of vehicle.

What Are The Best Car Upholstery Cleaning Products And Tools?

Brushes For Car Seat Cleaning If you use the wrong brush for the wrong material, your whole interior car detail could go south. That's why resorting to just any brush isn't the best decision. For example, take the upholstery brush by Colourlock. It is made for leather seat cleaning and textile cleaning only. A more heavy duty brush like the Chemical Guys Nify interior carpet/ upholstery brush may work better with dirt and stains in the carpet and upholstery.If you have piles of pet hair on your car seats, the Mini Lilly Pet Hair Brush, can help you initiate a successful DIY session. Unlike other run-of-the-mill brushes, the Mini’s powerful cleaning blade removes stubbornly trapped pet hair from carpets and fabrics with minimum effort. We love this tool because it’s portable, versatile, and long-lasting.As a result, you won't be spending hours and hours on carpet and car seat cleaning. With a brushes like these, you can clean your car seats without a hassle, and without using a ton of hash chemicals that you can still smell after your car is clean. Upholstery Shampoo Auto detailing companies use upholstery or carpet shampoos to remove dirt and stains from carpets, floor mats, and car seats. If you’re a beginner to interior detailing, remember to steer clear of below-par upholstery shampoos. Products such as 3D Upholstery and Carpet Shampoo work great for professionals and DIY carpet and car seat cleaning. Steamer The long-term use of heavy-duty cleaning products and detergents on your seats takes its toll over time. But, with a steam cleaner, you can blow hot water into the deeper levels of the fabric surface and remove grime that's been festering for long enough. It all happens without any damage to your upholstery. The steam that builds up to approximately 245 degrees Fahrenheit can eradicate stains, bacteria, viruses, mildew, mold, pollen, etc. Perfect if you have kids that are always germs in the car from school and the playground. This also puts an end to long hours of tedious scrubbing to remove stains from the seats and carpet. Vapamore MR-100 Primo Steam Cleaner, McCulloch MC1385 Deluxe Canister Steam Cleaner, and Wagner Spraytech are some of the most reliable steamers on the market and used by many professional detailers. Car Seat Shampooer / Carpet Extractor Car seat shampooers/ carpet extractors rely on detergent and water to clean seats and carpets. They apply a mild solution made of hot or cold water with cleaning chemicals to the carpet in order to deeply agitate and lift the dirt and grime out of the car seats and carpet. Then this solution combined with the dirt is vacuumed up back into the extractor, which you can empty later. Some of the best examples of proficient carpet extractors include Bissell Little Green Machine and Aquapro Vac Extractor. Leather Brush Leather brushes are exclusively made for leather seat cleaning. If you use a brush with harsh bristles, your car seats might be damaged beyond repair. That being said, ADAMS COCKPIT BRUSH that’s ideal for cloth headliners and leather upholstery or Chemical Guys Long Bristle Horse Hair Leather Cleaning Brush will be perfect for leather seat cleaning.

Will Carpet Cleaners Clean Car Seats?

Most carpet cleaners will be safe on them. For instance, Car Guys super cleaner is safe for carpets, seats, or even trim. Likewise, when you’re buying a carpet cleaner, make sure to go for a portable one with an upholstery cleaning attachment. Plus, double-check whether the formula you’re using is in fact safe on your seats.

Can You Clean Car Seats With Laundry Detergent?

Of course, you can put your faith in laundry detergent. Keep reading, and you’ll find out how exactly you should use laundry detergent for car seat cleaning a little later in the article.

Homemade Stain Removers for Car Seats

Vinegar Solution All bakers know that vinegar is the savior of any crusty and grimy baking sheet. Believe it or not, 1 cup of vinegar and 1 gallon of hot water mixed with some dish soap can do wonders for your car seats as well! All you have to do is splash some of this solution onto the stain, scrub the area, and wash it with a bit of warm water. Finally, use a microfiber towel to dry the spot. It's fast, natural, affordable, and, did we mention…effective. Spray Club Soda The next hack is using club soda. Pour some into a spray bottle and directly spray it onto the leather or fabric of your car seat. Then use a mild scrub brush to slowly scrub the area, wipe it down with a microfiber towel, and let it dry. Club soda won't be the strongest opponent against heavy stains, but it will hold its own beside smaller stains. Steam Clean The Seat As mentioned earlier, if you don't like to use harsh chemicals and products for your car seat cleaning, steaming is the way to go. Steam cleaners will blow hot steam into the car seats breaking down deep-set stains, bacteria, viruses, etc. As a matter of fact, steam cleaning is one of the best ways to clean car seats. You might want to agitate the stain with a soft-bristled brush if it's too stubborn. After you're done, let the car seats air dry. Clean With Laundry Detergent If you can't get your hands on any of the above stuff, liquid or powdered detergent will suffice. First, mix the detergent with some warm water in a bucket and pour it, in small amounts, onto the affected area. Then, let the mixture sit on the stain and lightly scrub it with a microfiber towel after 10 minutes. Take another cloth drenched in cold water and remove the detergent, and let the seats dry. Remember not to go overboard with applying this solution, because you don't want to spend the whole day getting the lather out. Use Baking Soda Next up is baking soda. Baking soda has been stealing the limelight for years due to its capability in removing stains. Having said that, start by mixing a quarter cup of baking soda with warm water till you have a consistency that’s close to icing. Then, with a toothbrush, scrub the stains in a circular motion to help loosen up the grime. Let the baking soda solution sit for about 30 minutes if the stains are old, and scrub the area. After you're happy with the results, clean the seat with a microfiber towel and let it dry. Apply Nail Polish Remover For Leather Seats Although it seems counterintuitive, using acetone nail polish remover or rubbing alcohol for leather seat cleaning is quite effective. Say your kids have played inside your car with a bunch of permanent markers. Before jumping the gun and yelling at your kid, try applying some nail polish remover onto the affected area using a cotton ball. Once you blot the area, the stain should lift up fairly quickly. Then take the nail polish remover out completely with a bit of warm water and dish soap. Note: Some nail polish removers have a bleaching effect that'll leave marks on fabrics. So, see that you do clean the nail polish remover thoroughly.

Try Out Store-Bought Solutions

If all the DIY methods fail to impress you, your next best course of action is to choose—store-bought solutions. Typically, these should be applied to the stain and left for 5 minutes before removing them with a wet microfiber cloth. If you enjoy the citrus scent and spotless car seats, a product such as Meguiar's Carpet & Upholstery Cleaner will seal the deal for you. Even better, you’ll find CarGuys Premium Super Cleaner pretty fancy, but 100% worthwhile. This premium and eco-friendly product is safe to use for leather seat cleaning as well. Another product worth mentioning is the Chemical Guys Nonsense invinsible Super Cleaner. It is popular for its ability to lift stubborn stains with its combo of pH-balanced and odorless formula. Safe on all surfaces, this affordable upholstery cleaner is arguably the best all-rounder.Lastly, 3D Upholstery & Carpet Shampoo is another fine pick that requires you to dilute it with one part of shampoo to 16 parts water. This is exceptionally good for car upholstery cleaning, and it won’t break your bank. Before spraying these solutions, it's good to open all doors, since, in such close quarters, there's a possibility for more accidents.

Tips For Cleaning Cloth Car Seats

Are Car Seats Washable?

The majority of vehicles come with removable and machine washable cloth seat covers. If you’re not looking for a professional interior car detail, you can put a little detergent and machine wash the covers. Always check the manufacturer’s website for cleaning instructions on your particular seat cover.

Best Cleaner For Cloth Car Seats?

You’ll probably come across a plethora of upholstery cleaners that are specifically made for cloth car seat cleaning. However, check out some of the products mentioned in the “Try Out Store-Bought Solutions” section, and they’ll work like a charm.

How Do You Get Rid Of The Stains On Your Cloth Car Seats?

If your seats are full of crumbs, dust, and debris, and you feel like the upholstery cleaner will make the situation worse, you're spot-on. As a rule of thumb, always vacuum the car seats.Then you can treat specific stains individually before doing an overall cleaning. The reason is that sometimes after you’ve vacuumed, you can still see the remnants of mud stains, grease, or drink spills on the seats. That being said, use a bit of upholstery cleaner directly on the stain and scrub it with a brush. Then let it sit for about 15 minutes before proceeding to clean the whole seat. After scrubbing away the dirt with a brush, wipe the excess moisture with a microfiber cloth. Repeat all these steps as needed to achieve your desired result. Lastly, let the seats air dry.

Drying Car Seats After Washing Them

If the car seat covers are machine washable, then it’s obvious that you can put them into the dryer as well, right? Absolutely NOT! Most vehicles come with instructions forbidding you from tossing the car seat covers into the dryer. It can damage your car seat covers beyond recognition. So, start the interior detail when there’s enough sun to dry your car seats and carpet. Also, try to use as little as possible of the cleaner. Read the full article

0 notes

blessed-but-distressed · 5 years

Text

Basket Case: A @cssecretsanta2k18 AU

For @lifeinahole27, with my apologies for the delay. Happy New Year!

also on ff.net and ao3

Basket Weaving for Beginners.

It wasn’t exactly Emma Swan’s idea of a wild Thursday night. Spending an evening cooped up in an elementary school classroom, taking instruction from an aging hippie about how to craft ugly home furnishings from twigs. But it was on the list. And this year, Emma was sticking to her list.

New Year’s Resolution #3: Take up a new hobby.

Okay, so maybe it hadn’t exactly specified that she take up basket weaving, but it had to be something. It wasn’t Emma’s fault that by the time she’d fished the Adult Education brochure out from the random assortment of junk mail she had piling up, it was the only class left in the course catalog that still had available spaces.

Not unless she felt like taking up Fly Fishing for Beginners, and frankly, she didn’t.

New Year’s Resolution #9: Stop leaving junk mail piled up on the hall table.

So. Basket Weaving. For Beginners. How bad could it be?

Her first impressions weren’t bad. It was just it had been years since she’d been in a proper classroom, and she’d forgotten how colorful they could be. Laminated charts and drawings covering every wall, each eye-wateringly brighter than the next. The papier-mâché solar system strung from the ceiling. Even the list of kids who made detention this week was scrawled in a vivid purple.

She tried to conjure up the memories from her own elementary school days, but they were flat, muted. She couldn’t dredge up anything with half of this… effervescence. Maybe it was just the 90s. Maybe it was just her, and her crappy childhood.

She was relieved to find that rather than the Woodstock Wannabe she’d imagined, the instructor was actually young, perhaps even younger than her. A pretty, dark haired woman in a fitted tweed jacket, and heels so high Emma winced reflexively just at the sight of them.

“You must be Emma,” the woman said warmly, reaching across the table to shake her hand. She was Australian, maybe. Or possibly South African. Emma never really had an ear for accents. “I’m Belle. I’ll be leading the class. Glad you found your way. We’re just about to start, so if you could find somewhere to sit…”

A quick scan revealed that every table was already occupied, everyone paired up like it was Noah’s Ark or something. All except the table at the back, its sole occupant leaning back on his comically small chair, a sardonic smile curling his lips as Emma turned his way.

New Year’s Resolution #1: STAY AWAY FROM KILLIAN JONES!

Fuck.

Her first instinct was to flee. The natural response, when confronted with a predator. And mark her words, everything about Killian Jones in that instant was entirely predatory. The leather jacket. The devil-may-care slouch. And above all, the familiarity sparking in those dangerous blue eyes, that threatened to swallow her whole.

She did turn to go, but by then Belle already had her by the elbow, and was practically manhandling her down the aisle of desks. “Oh, look,” she said, her blithe tone a contrast to her iron grip. “It seems like Mr Jones is in need of a partner.”

Everyone was looking at her now. The retirees in their matching jogging suits. The J.Crew moms chugging down their mineral waters. The new age waifs in their tie-dyed T-shirts. Every beady eye, turned in her direction.

“Great,” she said, rescuing her arm from Belle’s vice-like grasp. And took a seat.

He didn’t speak immediately, just watched as Belle trailed back down to the front of the room, taking the attention of the class with her. But she could tell he already had an opening volley prepared. Could practically feel it vibrating inside him, as his elbow oh-so-accidentally brushed her own.

“So who was it?” Emma asked, keeping her voice low and emotionless. “Ruby? Mary Margaret? I bet it was Mary Margaret, wasn’t it?”

She chanced a sideways glance at his expression, trying to catch him out, but his face was inscrutable, if kind of smug.

“I have no idea what you mean, Swan. I’m just as surprised as you. I’m just a simple man, going about his day, eager to learn the ancient and noble art of basket weaving.”

“You have one hand!” Her voice rose a little higher than she intended, drawing a few odd looks their way.

“Well,” he shrugged, turning her way properly at last. “You know that’s never really been an obstacle when it counts.”

The look he shot her was knowing. The same look he’d worn the morning after, before she’d thrown his jeans at his chest, and told him to lose her number.

God, her list was going straight to hell.

It wasn’t even February yet.

It hadn’t mattered. The one-handed thing. He wore a prosthetic, usually. And when it was cold like this, he wore gloves so you could barely even tell that much. Not unless he wanted you to. He hadn’t worn the prosthetic with her. Hadn’t bothered to hide what he was. Who he was.

He was struggling now though, tool poised to create a split in the willow reeds, per Belle’s instructions, but slipping every time without the proper leverage.

“Hey,” she said, her touch on his shoulder enough to still him. “Hand me the screwdriver.”

“It’s a bodkin, Swan,” he corrected, but gauging Emma’s unimpressed face, handed it over anyway.

Emma had never tried to split a willow reed before, but a quick glance at the neighboring tables showed that no one else seemed to be finding it all that difficult. How hard could it be?

“Now remember what Belle said. You’ve got t- Careful!” he warned, but it was already too late, Emma’s first attempt had already snapped the reed clean in half.

“Shit.”

“And that’s why there are spares,” Killian sighed, dropping another near identical reed onto the tabletop.

“Maybe I should be the one holding it?” Emma offered.

But Killian shook his head, his weight already braced at either end, waiting. “You can do it, Swan. Just remember not to push it through right away.”

A beat. The flicker of a smile. The innuendo shimmering silently between them, before he coughed, and nudged her hand. “Again.”

This cut was more centered, and as she lifted the reed, the bodkin, or whatever it was, poked through the other side. A perfect split, to feed the other reed through.

Killian leaned close, inspecting her handiwork. “Not bad, love. And only two more to go.”

He shouldn’t be smiling at her like that. Encouraging her. Sneaking in his accidental terms of endearment.

She set down the tool.

“Why are you here?” It caught him by surprise, a little, the shift in her tone. “And don’t give me any bullshit about the ancient and noble art of basket weaving. We both know you set this up... somehow.”

He didn’t speak right away, as if weighing his words carefully. “I set it up a little,” he admitted. “Though there was a certain amount of providence involved.”

He paused again, considered something, eyes shining with some unnamed emotion. “You were so quick to reject me, I thought I would give you an opportunity to reconsider.”

Hurt. That was the emotion.

She’d hurt him. The knowledge of it was a cool knife inside her chest, quelling her indignation. Not just because she’d rejected him, but because she hadn’t even given it a second thought before doing so.

Not because she didn’t like him. Not because he wasn’t a good man. Not because he wasn’t pretty damn spectacular in bed.

But because it was safe.

New Year’s Resolution #2: Go see a therapist for your stupid abandonment issues.

She felt the tear fall, but was powerless to stop it. A single escapee trailing down her cheek before she could get herself completely under control.

The sight of it unnerved Killian, and so well it might. Emma was not a crier.

“Christ, Swan,” he said, his good hand coming up to wipe her chin. “I didn’t mean to upset you. I just-”

“No,” she said, a hand closing over his wrist, plastering on a watery smile. “I’m fine. You’re right. I was… callous. And that wasn’t fair to you.”

Releasing his wrist, and at a loss for what to do with her hands, she picked up the bodkin again, and lined up the next reed.

“I don’t mean to trap you, love,” Killian said softly, leaning across to hold the reed steady. “Or force you into saying something you don’t mean. I just wanted you to know you have a choice. And that I’m prepared to be patient…” Their eyes met briefly. “...if you need time to make that choice.”

It was all she could do to nod, when she had more tears threatening to spill over.

Steadying her hand, Emma punctured the reed, a perfect perforation. She held it up for Killian to inspect.

“Not bad, that,” he whistled.

“Only one more to go.”

The third reed snapped. The fourth was a success. She let Killian thread the others through, until they formed a perfect cross slath.

“Great!” Belle clapped from nearby, making a close circuit to assess their progress. “Now grab your two longest rods. They are going to be your weavers. Today we are going to be doing a pairing weave…”

She was barely out of earshot before Emma dissolved into sniggers.

“Longest… rod…” Emma spluttered, her emotions already all over the place. “Sorry. I just- I’m fine now. I’m mature. I can hear the word rod without dissolving into teenage giggling.”

“You sure about that, Swan?” Killian asked with an amused look, before one of the J.Crew crowd turned around to shush them.

Chastened, he passed her the rods in question, and let her take care of the more finicky task of securing the slath.

It wasn’t long before they had a rhythm going. Her weaving clockwise. Him holding the spokes apart as he slowly rotated the disk anti-clockwise. It wasn’t really a two person job, but it worked as one.

And it did kind of look like a basket. Or the base of one. A bit like a laundry hamper Emma used to have. The beginnings of something not too bad.

“Great work, guys!” Belle said admiringly, as she passed by their table. “Now that’s about all we have time for this week, but next week we’ll move onto the sides, where we’ll use a randing weave...”

Killian rose a suggestive brow.

“I swear she’s doing it on purpose…” Emma grumbled, packing away their tools and brushing away the debris. After a while, it became clear she was stalling more than anything.

“It was Graham,” Killian said, smiling at her confused frown. “Who ratted you out. In case you were wondering.”

Graham. That traitor. She should’ve known.

“Same time next week?” he asked, rising to his feet. The tone was light, but the question was not.

A choice.

“Yeah,” she said, rapping her knuckles against the table, trying to play it cool, even as she saw the grin spread wide across his face. “Sure. Next week.”

#cssecretsanta2k18 #cs ff #cs au #i don't know man #but i did have to learn #how to weave a fucking basket for this

39 notes · View notes

ana-yanka · 4 years

Text

Cuir Ciselé Bookbinding

Wikisource: Guide manuel du doreur sur cuir

Authored by: Émile Bosquet

https://fr.wikisource.org/wiki/Guide_manuel_du_doreur_sur_cuir/7

[Translated from French]

L’art du cuir ciselé et modelé: incised and engraved leather and their application to binding, etc.

The incised and engraved leather, whose origin is lost in the mists of time, was the precursor of a marvelous art which one indicates by the name of cuir ciselé et modelé. Its application to binding, according to the only documents which have come down to us, dates from the end of the Middle Ages. We owe it to artist monks living in a Nuremberg monastery (Nürnberg). [...]

One cannot cover a binding with chiseled or patterned leather, without deforming chiselling and modeling and giving a presentable shape to the binding. They then serve as accessories, taking place on the cover of the bound book in the same way as an ivory, wooden or metal plate and this in ad hoc openings in the boxes of the cover. The boxes of these binders are thick, massive and heavy, often, while they are ordinary formats, out of proportion to the dimensions of the book.

Here are some ideas on how to emboss leather from a bound volume.

The strongest calfskin, hardly more than two millimeters thick, and this thickness being on the other hand, a cause of difficulties in properly carrying out the work of the blanket, the ends of the blanket are thinned down. [...] If the volume is of a large format, or if the design includes mascarons or ornaments which require fairly pronounced reliefs, these parts are drawn beforehand on the cardboard boxes of the cover and pieces of the same type are glued to these places leather, the edges of which must be trimmed and shaped accordingly; then the volume is covered, taking care to tighten the skin as little as possible, so as to retain a certain elasticity. [...] These punches or chisels are, as required, made of steel when it comes to dry chiselling; either in ivory or bronze when it comes to operating on wet leather. We also use the latter being heated, so that the crushing is more complete and thereby helps to accentuate the reliefs of the unaffected parts. These parts, more or less moistened with sweetened vinegar, which are applied by means of a hair brush, are at the same time shaped using punches or small spatulas in ivory or bronze. [...]

To help in the formation of the reliefs and especially to accentuate them, we make at their base, incisions in the skin and this by means of the tip of a very fine and pointed penknife, which the operator holds [...] while pressing the index finger on the back of the blade to bring it towards him while making the cut following the contours of the drawing. The skin is then pierced in certain places, using more or less curved punches [...] and the skin is lifted with part of the cardboard. We thus manage to form very accentuated reliefs, suitable for modeling mascarons, figurines, etc. [...]

Since calfskin, cowhide, etc. are more or less porous, they should be glued, first with starch glue and then with gelatin or dextrin, before applying the dyes. Sometimes oil colors are applied; it is then advisable, in addition to the seat indicated above, to use a layer of metal; leaf gold is much better. It is adhered to the skin by means of a layer of egg white, prepared as for gilding on leather [...] The application of egg white is done using a hair brush; leaf gold is applied immediately afterwards, pressing and dabbing with a cotton ball. It is important to allow it to dry completely before coloring. The gold layer in sheets or shells not only serves as a basis for the colors but appears as the case may be, through those applied in lighter layers as well as in places intentionally left uncovered. Byzantine art lends itself admirably to this kind of decoration.

[...] The application of cowhide to the binding is of more recent times, not that it is possible to bind any volume whatsoever with this kind of skins, which not only are too thick, but also too tough to lend itself to this kind of work. But these leathers, beaten and laminated in plates of 3 to 6 millimeters thick, are applied to book plates. [...] The binding itself, once these preparations are made, can be covered with any skin. This frames the [cowhide] leather plate, which is adjusted with the desired precision so that it becomes one with the cover.

The ornamentation of these plates is generally done before their application to the volume.

Here is the way to operate: The drawing that one wishes to reproduce is first traced in all its details. [...] Then, using the tip of a penknife or any other sharp point. We incise at peak and at about 1 and a half millimeters deep, all the contours of the drawing, then we make a second incision following the same contours, [...] but by cutting this time at an angle, so as to join the first incision at its base, which removes twigs of leather and forms a hollow sufficient to bring out in relief the various parts of the design.

These hollow cuts are then ironed with a steel punch, the tip of which is more or less blunt, and hot enough to give these hollowed out parts a clean and well-cut shape, the operator having great care in passing the heated rod of the press as strongly as possible against the sharp cut wall.

Some practitioners do not quite work this way, they only make one vertical incision; then, using a white-hot tool, they dig, next to the incision which serves as their guide, a more or less strong net by burning the skin. This method, rather unpleasant to practice, on the other hand causes carbonaceous slag which must then be removed with care [...]

Hot chiseling can be replaced by the engraver's chisel, provided that the leather is strongly beaten or laminated. The use of the chisel requires special studies and is part of the art of the engraver. In addition, hollow steel chisels of very fine hardening and special sharpening are needed to chisel the leather with the desired clarity. [...]

However, we manage to shape in relief certain parts of the drawing by means of steel punches, either straight or slightly curved, which we push obliquely into the skin. By slightly lifting the perforated parts, we form undulations which are used to model foliage, the knotty parts of certain branches and even certain parts of the figure, etc. These undulations, made at first cold, are then accentuated by means of the same punches that are strongly heated, which hardens the leather in these places and helps to maintain these protruding parts in the shape that they were given.”

#sca #cuircisile #leather #bookbinding

0 notes

shineshop · 5 years

Photo

Tough to clean projects are no issue for us. This Lexus arrived with a spill that the owner could not remove the residues from the perforations in the leather seats. After a little know how and the proper tools all the residue is properly removed and the seat is as good as new! ______________________________ Scotty's Shine Shop *Complete Auto Detailing* *Paint Correction Specialists* *Modesta Paint/Wheel/Leather Coatings* *Gtechniq Protective Coatings* *3M Pro Series/XPEL Ultimate Plus/Suntek Ultra PPF* *Bespoke Auto Transport Services* ______________________________ Web | www.shineshop.ca Call | 519-434-2922 Email | [email protected] Visit Us: 290 Horton Street East London, ON N6B1L4 #Shineshop #canadaslondon #londonontario #ldnont #tourismlondon #519 #yxu #519cars #lucanontario #kitchener #waterloo #cambridge #stthomasontario #gta #mississauga #burlington #oakville #hamilton #416 #toronto #windsor #sarnia #chatham #ontario #guelph #woodstock (at Scotty's Shine Shop) https://www.instagram.com/p/B0GNkZOp7RO/?igshid=14cqgdoyqf468

0 notes

5hit-i-l00k-at · 5 years

Text

2020 Nissan Juke Canada Price, Review and Specs

New Post has been published on https://usanissancar.com/2020-nissan-juke-canada-price-review-and-specs/

2020 Nissan Juke Canada Price, Review and Specs

2020 Nissan Juke Canada Price, Review and Specs – It will likely be the new 2020 Nissan Juke that can be very likely to show with several effortless drinks. The current edition has been in existence for a little bit as very well as the only remodel it includes gathered a new Black color Pearl Variation and as well the frosty-local weather package cope like a standard for your 2017 variant 12 months. So, to the 2020 products work schedule year, we think that it needs to have some minor changes to help keep it new. The Nissan Juke is compelling to get and price-effective SUV which remains out of the crowd employing its distinctive and chic style, high motors, and present-day interior design. Furthermore, it is given by the all-time drive procedure and comes with an entire floors settlement of your SUV. Within the very same time, it contains a handbook transmission as effectively.

2020 Nissan Juke Price

Having said that, if you desire even more room in just the interior plus even more freight space or office, then this Nissan Rogue and Honda CR-V could quite possibly be much better possibilities. The Nissan Juke can be purchased in quite a few trim levels this type of as SV, SL, Nismo, and Nismo RS modifications; alongside the 2020 design 12, many weeks ought to reach the exact same models.

2020 Nissan Juke Redesign

Exterior and Interior Design

The main Juke consists of an exclusive and impressive design which is preliminary and appears as very little else noticed on the way. Even as it has not yet modified a lot during the final many years, the Juke nonetheless is in the position to appear new. The 2020 Nissan Juke may get a gentle change to hold it nice and clean. So, now all around w may see restyled lighting fixtures, grille, and revised bumpers.

2020 Nissan Juke Interior

The 2020 Nissan Juke’s cabin rental will continue to be unaffected dimensionally. It car seats five unique having said that the area to the rear last part chairs travelers is small. The freight put is hardly incredible also and give the city of 10.5 cubic feet. The rear car seating can be folded away apart straight down, where there is a spot of 39.5 cubic ft .. On the middle of the rush, you will find a 5.-” touchscreen technology to the infotainment approach. The SL reduce will convince add more a more significant 5.8-in. Infotainment display with the menu. The classic tools consist of keyless ignition, muscular strength your home windows and fasten, Wireless Wireless Bluetooth, 17-in: wheels, a virtual rearview camera plus an air conditioner. The additional significant trims could get mp3 with six audio systems, perforated all natural leather-based, an overall tone of voice acknowledgment, SiriusXM Prospects specifics and the like.

2020 Nissan Juke Engine

The actual design incorporates two engine possibilities below its hood, as nicely as the 2020 Nissan Juke, must have on the same devices. The basis is a 1.5-liter inline-4 turbocharged engine with all of the generation of 189 horses and 178 lb-feet of torque. This unique model is readily available just with invariably distinctive transmission and is primarily offered entryways- and of-tire travel styles. With front side aspect-wheel tour, it will get 28/32 miles per gallon. With all of of-tire bring in, it is genuinely ranked at 26/30 mpg within the city/freeway. The products range-topping Nismo RS purposes a lot more great variance of any 1.6-liter inline-4 turbocharged model. With front door-tire travel as well as a 6-speed guide transmission, it can make 216 hp and 211 lb-feet of torque. Utilizing AWD and auto gearbox, it may produce 211 horses as well as the torque of 184 lb-ft… The primary variant is scored at 27 miles per gallon inside the city and 33 mpg on the route.

2020 Nissan Juke Redesign

2020 Nissan Juke Price and Release Date

The release date as a result of the 2020 Nissan Juke can be just not however declared. In regards to price, we think that there really should not be some substantial changes. The starting up the fee of your new edition is about $22,000.

0 notes

levaduraa · 5 years

Text

2020 Nissan Juke Canada Price, Review and Specs

New Post has been published on https://usanissancar.com/2020-nissan-juke-canada-price-review-and-specs/

2020 Nissan Juke Canada Price, Review and Specs

2020 Nissan Juke Price

2020 Nissan Juke Redesign

Exterior and Interior Design

2020 Nissan Juke Interior

2020 Nissan Juke Engine

2020 Nissan Juke Redesign

2020 Nissan Juke Price and Release Date

(adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push();

0 notes

mariokolaric · 5 years

Text

2020 Nissan Juke Canada Price, Review and Specs

New Post has been published on https://usanissancar.com/2020-nissan-juke-canada-price-review-and-specs/

2020 Nissan Juke Canada Price, Review and Specs

2020 Nissan Juke Price

2020 Nissan Juke Redesign

Exterior and Interior Design

2020 Nissan Juke Interior

2020 Nissan Juke Engine

2020 Nissan Juke Redesign

2020 Nissan Juke Price and Release Date

0 notes

candello · 5 years

Text

2020 Nissan Juke Canada Price, Review and Specs

New Post has been published on https://usanissancar.com/2020-nissan-juke-canada-price-review-and-specs/

2020 Nissan Juke Canada Price, Review and Specs

2020 Nissan Juke Price

2020 Nissan Juke Redesign

Exterior and Interior Design

2020 Nissan Juke Interior

2020 Nissan Juke Engine

2020 Nissan Juke Redesign

2020 Nissan Juke Price and Release Date

0 notes

iratefate · 5 years

Text

2020 Nissan Juke Canada Price, Review and Specs

New Post has been published on https://usanissancar.com/2020-nissan-juke-canada-price-review-and-specs/

2020 Nissan Juke Canada Price, Review and Specs

2020 Nissan Juke Price

2020 Nissan Juke Redesign

Exterior and Interior Design

2020 Nissan Juke Interior

2020 Nissan Juke Engine

2020 Nissan Juke Redesign

2020 Nissan Juke Price and Release Date

0 notes

mrgoodbar25-blog · 5 years

Text

2020 Nissan Juke Canada Price, Review and Specs

New Post has been published on https://usanissancar.com/2020-nissan-juke-canada-price-review-and-specs/

2020 Nissan Juke Canada Price, Review and Specs

(adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push();

2020 Nissan Juke Price

2020 Nissan Juke Redesign

Exterior and Interior Design

2020 Nissan Juke Interior

2020 Nissan Juke Engine

2020 Nissan Juke Redesign

2020 Nissan Juke Price and Release Date

0 notes

canadagoosemontebello · 5 years

Text

2020 Nissan Juke Canada Price, Review and Specs

New Post has been published on https://usanissancar.com/2020-nissan-juke-canada-price-review-and-specs/

2020 Nissan Juke Canada Price, Review and Specs

2020 Nissan Juke Price

2020 Nissan Juke Redesign

Exterior and Interior Design

medianet_width = "336"; medianet_height = "280"; medianet_crid = "464005772"; medianet_versionId = "3111299";

2020 Nissan Juke Interior

2020 Nissan Juke Engine

2020 Nissan Juke Redesign

2020 Nissan Juke Price and Release Date

0 notes

level4cinematography · 5 years

Text

2020 Nissan Juke Canada Price, Review and Specs

New Post has been published on https://usanissancar.com/2020-nissan-juke-canada-price-review-and-specs/

2020 Nissan Juke Canada Price, Review and Specs

2020 Nissan Juke Price

2020 Nissan Juke Redesign

Exterior and Interior Design

2020 Nissan Juke Interior

2020 Nissan Juke Engine

2020 Nissan Juke Redesign

2020 Nissan Juke Price and Release Date

0 notes

level48 · 5 years

Text

2020 Nissan Juke Canada Price, Review and Specs

New Post has been published on https://usanissancar.com/2020-nissan-juke-canada-price-review-and-specs/

2020 Nissan Juke Canada Price, Review and Specs

2020 Nissan Juke Price

2020 Nissan Juke Redesign

Exterior and Interior Design

2020 Nissan Juke Interior

2020 Nissan Juke Engine

2020 Nissan Juke Redesign

2020 Nissan Juke Price and Release Date

0 notes

levadosladob · 5 years

Text

2020 Nissan Juke Canada Price, Review and Specs

New Post has been published on https://usanissancar.com/2020-nissan-juke-canada-price-review-and-specs/

2020 Nissan Juke Canada Price, Review and Specs

2020 Nissan Juke Price

2020 Nissan Juke Redesign

Exterior and Interior Design

2020 Nissan Juke Interior

2020 Nissan Juke Engine

2020 Nissan Juke Redesign

2020 Nissan Juke Price and Release Date

0 notes

marionebugarin · 5 years

Text

2020 Nissan Juke Canada Price, Review and Specs

New Post has been published on https://usanissancar.com/2020-nissan-juke-canada-price-review-and-specs/

2020 Nissan Juke Canada Price, Review and Specs

2020 Nissan Juke Price

2020 Nissan Juke Redesign

Exterior and Interior Design

2020 Nissan Juke Interior

2020 Nissan Juke Engine

2020 Nissan Juke Redesign

2020 Nissan Juke Price and Release Date

0 notes