CaptioningStar's Top Comprehensive Accessibility Services

1. Open Captioning Services:

CaptioningStar's open captioning services provide real-time, visible captions that are an integral part of the video. This service ensures that your content is universally accessible to a diverse audience, including those who are deaf or hard of hearing.

Our Open Captioning Services involve embedding visible captions directly into your video content. These captions are an integral part of the video and cannot be turned off. Open captions ensure universal accessibility, making your videos inclusive for audiences with diverse hearing abilities.

2. Audio Description Services:

CaptioningStar's audio description services cater to the visually impaired audience by providing vivid descriptions of visual elements within videos, allowing them to fully engage with and understand the content.

Our Audio Description Services cater to individuals with visual impairments. We provide detailed narrations of visual elements within your videos, enabling visually impaired viewers to understand and enjoy your content fully.

3. Closed Captioning Services:

CaptioningStar's closed captioning services involve adding synchronized captions to videos, presentations, and webinars. These captions can be turned on or off, enhancing accessibility for the deaf and hard of hearing without disrupting the viewing experience.

With our Closed Captioning Services, we synchronize captions with your videos, presentations, and webinars. These captions can be toggled on or off, ensuring an optimal viewing experience for all viewers, including those who are deaf or hard of hearing.

4. Transcription Service:

CaptioningStar offers transcription services that convert spoken content into accurate text documents. This service is essential for maintaining records, conducting research, and ensuring content is searchable and shareable.

Our Transcription Service converts spoken language into accurate text documents. Whether it's interviews, lectures, meetings, or other audio content, our transcriptions are highly accurate and useful for reference, research, and accessibility purposes.

5. LMS Captioning Services:

For educational institutions and e-learning platforms, CaptioningStar provides LMS captioning services. These captions seamlessly integrate with learning materials, ensuring that online courses are accessible and inclusive.

Our Learning Management System (LMS) Captioning Services make online education more inclusive. We provide captions that seamlessly integrate with your course materials, making e-learning accessible to students with hearing impairments.

6. On-Site CART Captions:

CaptioningStar's on-site CART captioning service offers real-time transcription for live events, making content accessible to participants who are deaf or hard of hearing. This service enhances the inclusivity of conferences and seminars.

Our On-Site CART Captions offer real-time transcription for live events, conferences, and seminars. This service ensures that participants who are deaf or hard of hearing can actively engage with the content, promoting inclusivity.

7. Zoom Live Captions:

With CaptioningStar's Zoom live captioning services, virtual meetings and webinars conducted on Zoom become more inclusive. Real-time captions within the Zoom interface make participation easier for individuals with hearing impairments.

With our Zoom Live Captioning Services, virtual meetings and webinars conducted on Zoom become accessible to everyone. Real-time captions directly within the Zoom interface facilitate participation for individuals with hearing challenges.

8. ASL Interpretation Services:

CaptioningStar's American Sign Language (ASL) interpretation services bridge communication gaps between hearing individuals and the Deaf community, ensuring effective interaction in various contexts.

Our ASL Interpretation Services bridge the communication gap between the Deaf community and hearing individuals. Our skilled interpreters ensure effective and accurate communication in American Sign Language.

9. Language Interpretation Services:

CaptioningStar's language interpretation services facilitate cross-cultural communication by offering interpretation for multiple languages, enabling seamless understanding between speakers of different languages.

Our Language Interpretation Services enable smooth communication between speakers of different languages. We provide interpretation for various languages, facilitating cross-cultural understanding.

10. Captioning for Universities:

CaptioningStar supports educational institutions by providing captioning services for lectures, presentations, and educational content. This service enhances accessibility and learning outcomes for students with disabilities.

Our Captioning Services for Universities enhance the educational experience for students with disabilities. We provide accurate captions for lectures, presentations, and educational content, ensuring equal access to knowledge.

11. Subtitling Services:

CaptioningStar's subtitling services involve translating spoken content into written text, making videos accessible to international audiences and those who prefer to read content.

Our Subtitling Services involve translating spoken content into written text. This service enhances the accessibility of your videos for international audiences and those who prefer to read content.

12. Broadcast Captioning Services:

CaptioningStar's broadcast captioning services ensure that live TV programs and broadcasts are inclusive and accessible through real-time captions.

Our Broadcast Captioning Services ensure that live TV programs and broadcasts are accessible through real-time captions. This service complies with accessibility standards and reaches a wider audience.

13. Zoom Accessibility Services:

CaptioningStar's Zoom accessibility services include live captions, sign language interpretation, and more, enhancing the accessibility of virtual events and meetings conducted on the Zoom platform.

Our Zoom Accessibility Services include live captions, sign language interpretation, and more. We enhance the accessibility of virtual events and meetings conducted on the Zoom platform, making them inclusive for all participants.

Each of these services reflects CaptioningStar's commitment to making content and communication inclusive and accessible to all individuals, contributing to an inclusive and diverse environment in various contexts and regardless of their abilities or language preferences.

On-site CART Captions

Looking to elevate your event's accessibility and reach a diverse audience? Discover the power of On-site CART Captions with CaptioningStar.Our Communication Accessible Real-Time (CART) service offers instant translation of spoken words into text, ensuring an inclusive experience for attendees with disabilities and those with language fluency challenges.

With 16+ years of experience, we excel in providing complete accessibility services to various industries, including renowned universities, government sectors, businesses, and more. Our experienced CRC-certified captioners are ready to be deployed to your event venue, delivering word-to-word real-time captions with utmost precision and accuracy.

From public hearings, government meetings, and university ceremonies to religious events, business summits, and product launches, our On-site CART Services cater to a wide range of events. After the event, you'll receive the transcript within 2-3 business days, ensuring a lasting impact.

Choose CaptioningStar for On-site Captioning Solutions and witness how our CART Captions enhance your event's worth, making it accessible and impactful for all. ADA-compliant and dedicated to serving over 16,000 happy customers, we are the go-to choice for ensuring communication accessibility at your event.

More Internet Marketing Advice That Will Maxmize Your Profits

Learning about internet marketing can be very overwhelming, but just like anything else, it can also be very easily researched, taught and then, applied. Now that you have found this list of tips, hopefully you can come out a little more informed when it comes to the internet marketing of your website. Take a day off. Internet marketing can very easily consume your whole day, since you're sitting in front of the computer. This can make you tired, irritable and someone who is not good to be around. Take some time off to exercise or clear your mind and you'll come back to work, well-rested and invigorated. To make more sales, you should target your customers carefully. Advertise products related to your website. Think about what kind of people would visit your website, and what kind of products they might be interested in. Choose Google Chrome Nyumon that you can actually sell and target your audience carefully when advertising. When Google Chrome Nyumon are attempting to market a product or business using a website, it is important that you be constantly adding new content to the site. The newer your relevant content, the higher your search engine rankings for those keywords. Also, new content will draw repeat visitors to your site, who are then more likely to buy your product. When working with Internet marketing, do not forget to jump on the Facebook boat. It is not going to sink for a long time and you can attach a simple "visit us on Facebook" to any form of advertising, such as fliers, billboards, television or radio. Invest some time in learning basic web design techniques and principles. You can look up a lot of information online about learning HTML, CSS or other things that go into web design. Spending just a half an hour every day learning about good web page design will give you a lot of ideas in as little as a few weeks. Add short captions underneath images. Search engines are not able to easily classify images like they can with text. Writing captions for all of your images means that search engines will be able to recognize the content on your pages. The text simply needs to describe background information about the image and should include a keyword. If you want to reduce shopping cart abandonment on your Internet marketing site, keep your checkout process simple. Less than four steps from cart to completed order confirmation will make it more likely that the deal will go through. Another way to keep it simple is to make guest checkout an easy option. Always allow people to comment on your blog posts as an Internet marketer. You can always go in after the fact and delete the spam or the abusive comments, but it is important for you to see what other people are saying related to the content you're posting. Do not neglect to engage in a dialogue with people. Every website owner should customize his or her 404 page. A 404 error occurs when a visitor tries to access a missing page. Every web host provides a default 404 page, but this default is generally unhelpful. Web authoring programs and free tools, can generate a better 404 page that links back to a website's main pages. This not only helps visitors but also search engines. Niche markets are very important in Internet marketing, but you also need to make sure that you're tapping into an active market. During periods of recession like the one we're in now, some markets will completely dry up, and even catering to the most specific branch of this market is going to be a failing venture. If part of your marketing strategy is to include links in your email communications, make sure you change them up and send new material with each new email. By keeping the links in the same spots, your customers will start to ignore them. The person who receives your email needs to be captivated by it to continue to keep reading, so keep things exciting and original. Not as bad as you thought, correct? Like any other subject, the world of internet marketing is vast and there is a wealth of information available on it. Sometimes you just need a little direction as to where to begin with it. Hopefully, Google Calendar Tsukaikata received that from the above tips.

eCommerce Conversion Hacks That’ll Double Your Conversion

Online shopping, a global phenomenon, sees consumers worldwide shopping weekly. Merchants face a challenge in customer acquisition. Digital marketing experts aid some through paid advertising, while others struggle to convert potential shoppers into customers.

Here is the list of eCommerce conversion hacks that will help you in increasing your conversion:-

1. Smooth Navigation

Smooth navigation is one of the most important factors in increasing eCommerce conversion rates. When customers can easily find what they’re looking for, it reduces the number of unnecessary clicks and makes their shopping experience more efficient. Additionally, the clear and concise design facilitates quick comprehension of your website’s content which ultimately leads to faster conversions.

Smooth navigation can be implemented through a variety of approaches, including sensible layout organization, intuitive labels, and icons, responsive designs that automatically adjust to different screen resolutions or devices, effective typography usage for large-scale websites, and crisp visuals that are easy on the eyes. By implementing these simple strategies into your website design, you can improve your conversion rate.

2. Improve Your CTA Button

One of the most important aspects of any website or eCommerce store is the call to action button. This button allows people to take specific actions, such as signing up for your newsletter, downloading an eBook, purchasing a product online, or making a donation. The way that your call to action button is designed can have a huge impact on your conversion rate. For example, if you are asking people to sign up for your email list but don’t include any captions or instructions, it’s likely that very few people will actually do so.

On the other hand, if you create buttons with clear and concise instructions (including what information is required in order to sign up), more consumers will be able to take advantage of this valuable opportunity. It also helps to design buttons that stand out from the crowd by being brightly colored and/or visually appealing. Not only does this make them easier to find on the page; but it also encourages shoppers who are undecided about taking action to click on it before moving to another page of the site.

3. Simplify Your Design

A beautifully designed website can help boost your eCommerce conversion rates by creating a positive first impression. A well-designed website is easy to navigate and use, so potential customers are more likely to stay on the site longer and make a purchase. This is especially important for online shoppers who often rely on personal recommendations from friends or social media influencers.

Creating an appealing website doesn’t have to cost an arm and leg — there are many affordable options available online that will suit your specific needs. Keep in mind that good design isn’t limited to just aesthetics; it should also conform to industry standards so your pages look modern and stylish regardless of which device someone is using (smartphone or laptop). Finally, don’t forget about standard SEO techniques like keyword research, user feedback capture, loading speed optimization, etc.

4. Target Abandoned Carts

It is essential to target abandoned carts when you are selling online in order to increase your eCommerce conversion. Abandoned carts indicate that a potential customer has interacted with your product or service, but hasn’t made a purchase yet. By understanding which of your products or services is resonating the most with these customers and offering them more opportunities to buy, you can improve overall ROI.

Additionally, it’s important to use email marketing campaigns specifically designed for abandoned cart conversions. These campaigns may offer freebies or discounts related to the items that are typically abandoned during the checkout process (such as e-books). Additionally, positive feedback from past buyers may also be pulled up and shared directly through email so that potential consumers know what they’re getting themselves into before making an investment decision.

5. Use High-Quality Visuals

Using high-quality visuals can help in increasing eCommerce conversion rates by making your products more appealing to customers. This is because visuals are one of the first things that people notice about a product, and they often make decisions based on what they see. Additionally, good visual design can improve customer experience by creating an immersive environment that engages shoppers from start to finish.

It also allows you to communicate complex information clearly and succinctly, which is critical when selling online. Quality graphics not only look great but are likely to save you money in the long run as well since poorly designed or executed visuals can lead to higher costs for development, revisions, and redesigns down the road. So take advantage of effective graphic design techniques today and see how they could help your business grow!

6. Boost Your Page Loading Speed

One of the most important factors when it comes to eCommerce conversion is page loading speed. Faster page loads mean less time for customers to wait on pages that are not responsive or load slowly. In addition, slow page loads can cause customer frustration and even abandonment of a website. Fortunately, there are many ways to improve your Page Loading Speed as well as increase conversions through effective web design and optimization strategies.

Some general tips include using caching plugins and performing monthly performance tests on your website. You can also try optimizing images with compression techniques, reducing the size of fonts, eliminating unnecessary scripts and code files, properly formatting HTML tags, configuring browser cookies correctly, and more importantly — making sure all content is appropriate for all devices.

7. Provide social proof

There is no doubt that social proof can play a role in increasing eCommerce conversion. After all, people are more likely to make decisions when they are influenced by others. In fact, studies have shown that as much as 50% of our purchasing behavior is based on what other people are buying. Therefore, it is important for you to take advantage of opportunities to display your products and services in favorable light through testimonials or reviews from satisfied customers.

This will help to convince potential buyers that your product or service is worth investing in. Additionally, be sure to create compelling content (like blog posts) that showcases the features and benefits of your products or services in an engaging and visually appealing way. By implementing these simple strategies, you can increase the chances of converting leads into customers!

8. Offer Multiple Payment Methods

Offering multiple payment methods can be a great way to increase online conversion rates. When customers have the ability to pay with their preferred method, it makes it easier for them to buy from your store. In addition, payments that are processed quickly and easily reduce the risk of abandoned carts or lost sales. Some of the most popular payment methods include PayPal, Stripe, Square Cash, and Apple Pay. Each has its own advantages and disadvantages depending on your business needs.

For example, PayPal is often considered to be more reliable than other platforms because charges are reversed if there is a problem with the transaction. However, Stripe may be better suited for businesses that process large volumes of transactions daily as they offer lower fees than PayPal. It’s important to experiment with different payment options and find those that work best for you and your customers. By doing so, you can ensure that transactions go smoothly no matter what type of buyer they are (new or returning).

9. Offering Fast Delivery

Fast Delivery is one of the many benefits of using an eCommerce platform that offers it. By ensuring that your products are delivered quickly and efficiently, you can improve your conversion rate by making it easier for consumers to buy what they want. In addition, this will also reduce the amount of time spent on online ordering — something that most people love!

By providing a faster delivery option as well as other convenient features like returns and customer reviews, eCommerce platforms have made it easier than ever for customers to purchase goods from around the world. Thanks to these developments, businesses of all sizes can benefit immensely from increased traffic and sales.

10. Offer Free Shipping

Offer Free Shipping can help in increasing eCommerce conversion by offering customers a more convenient way to purchase items. This is especially important for online businesses that typically have low margins and need to find ways to increase sales volume. Offering free shipping not only increases consumer satisfaction but also encourages shoppers who are undecided about an item to take the plunge and buy it. In addition, it reduces the risk of returning an item which could lead to lost revenue from defective products or refunds.

There are many different strategies that you can use when implementing Offer Free Shipping, including setting up minimum order values, providing exclusive deals on high-value items, extending return policies beyond 30 days (if needed), and automatically processing orders through your fulfillment center before sending them out. Experiment with different approaches until you find one that works best for your business goals and customer base.

Conclusion

We have outlined a few eCommerce conversion tips that can double the size of your sales. These hacks are magic and if you follow them carefully, your conversions can double overnight! Finally, keep adding new types of products to promote on your site, and don’t forget to stay creative with your ads and headlines. The right combination is the key to successful eCommerce strategies. This conversions hacks will allow you to boost your revenue and improve your conversions exponentially at the same time!

If you need any help, please feel free to reach out to our team of experts at any time!

THE EVOLUTION OF YOUTUBE

The importance of YouTube in daily life

When was the last time you used YouTube? We bet it was just a couple of hours ago!

Evolution of YouTube since its inception in 2005. It’s gone from being a music/video streaming app to a global communication platform. Right from how to learn Latin, and how to bake the perfect cupcakes to which DSLR to add to the cart next, YouTube is your guru. The evolution doesn’t stop, though. Your favorite YouTube channels are always coming up with something new and exciting to offer.

You’re always a step ahead with YouTube.

How YouTube has revolutionized the digital era–

1) Second Most Popular Social Media Platform

After Facebook, the world’s most frequented go-to social media platform is YouTube. Approximately 79% of internet users across the world have a YouTube account (Dataeportal, 2019). YouTube has countless advantages for users everywhere, whether it’s to stream music, look at product reviews, movie trailers, covers, learn, and what have you. Ever since Google’s acquisition of YouTube from its founding PayPal employees, YouTube has grown unfailingly and exponentially, one of the reasons being the ease of accessibility. Even now, with the launch of YouTube Red and YouTube music, the surprises never seem to end.

2) Second Most Popular Search Engine

Besides being the world’s second-favorite social media platform, it is also the second most used search engine after Google. It enjoys a viewership of around 1,300,000,000 users, and about one billion user hours every day!

Evidently, it would seem that YouTube holds answers to everything. It’s the world’s preferred to search for “How To” videos.

Fun Fact: The most searched “How to” on YouTube is “How to kiss”.

3) Youtube Means Business, Too!

Considering the preference for video content over plain textual content, an increasing number of businesses and brands are turning to YouTube for marketing and promotion of their products and services, either directly through their channels or through YouTube content creators.

Given the worldwide reach of the platform, it is an excellent channel to interact with existing consumers and invite potential consumers.

4) Helps Users Discover New Products

90% of users say they come across new products and brands through YouTube (Thinkwithgoogle, 2019)! While it may not elicit a definite purchase from users, it sure gets the ball rolling. Seeing as consumers depend more on video content than anything else, YouTube can introduce an unprecedented number of potential consumers to your brand.

Think about it: How many times have you searched for product reviews or looked for product recommendations on YouTube? Right? You’re not the only one!

5) Learning & Upskilling

YouTube is a go-to learning platform for users across the globe. Whether it’s academics, learning skills like playing musical instruments, cooking, learning how to code, how draw, design, or even how to workout — YouTube has the answer to everything. Users rely on video instructions and guides over texts, as it’s much easier to understand when seen in action.

6) Worldwide Reach

One of the most prominent advantages of YouTube, especially for businesses – is its global reach. You can potentially communicate with millions of users across the world, even if you only speak one language. What’s more? Closed-captioning helps you gain more viewers as it makes your content more accessible.

Some Fascinating Facts About Youtube

1) Youtube Started As A Dating Site

Back in 2005, when YouTube was launched, it was introduced as a video-dating platform! In fact, they’d established a tagline for it, too – “Tune in, Hook up”. But of course, that was very short-lived. No complaints there!

2) First Video Ever To Be Uploaded On Youtube

The first video on YouTube was no showstopper. Uploaded on 23rd April 2005, the video featured Jawed Karim on a trip to a zoo in San Diego. It had. 4,282,497 views.

3) YouTube & April Fool’s Day Pranks

A lot of us are unaware of this, but YouTube is notorious for playing pranks on its users every year on April Fool’s Day! In 2009, YouTube took the internet by storm when it turned the website upside down. The tradition continues.

4) Majority Of Footfall Comes From Outside The Us

Only 20% of traffic comes from the US. Since YouTubers are accessible almost all over the world and available in 76 global languages, 80% of the footfall comes from outside the US!

5) Most Watched

As of this date, the most-watched video on YouTuber is “Baby Shark Dance” with 8 billion views, closely followed by “Desapcito” with 7.2 billion views.

6) Upload Frequency

Approximately 500 hours worth of videos is uploaded on YouTube every minute! This translates to 30,000 hours worth of videos every hour! It would take you nearly 82 years of undisturbed watching to finish all of those videos, and that’s if we discount those being uploaded while you continue to watch!

There! We bet some of these insights surprised you as much as they surprised us!

Stay tuned for more such interesting tidbits.

Fancall On Android & Fancall On iOS

Read More: Click This Link

Artical Source : https://www.fancall.in/the-importance-of-youtube-in-daily-life/

Are there any restrictions on who can enter the www.safeway.ca?

If you're looking for a convenient and reliable online grocery store, you might have come across Safeway's website, www.safeway.ca. While it's a popular choice for many, you may be wondering if there are any restrictions on who can enter the site. In this article, we will dive into the different aspects of www.safeway.ca and clarify any questions you might have regarding access to their website.

Who can access www.safeway.ca?

The good news is that anyone can access www.safeway.ca. Whether you're a loyal customer, a first-time visitor, or just curious about the site, you're free to browse and explore their products and services. Safeway's website is open to the public, and you don't need to register or provide any personal information to access the site.

Safeway's website offers a wide range of products and services for their customers. Here are some of the things you can do on the site:

Online Shopping: You can shop for groceries and household essentials on the website, just like you would in-store. You can browse through their product categories, add items to your cart, and checkout when you're done. Safeway offers both home delivery and pickup options for your convenience.

Pharmacy Services: You can refill prescriptions and manage your health needs on the website. Safeway's pharmacy services allow you to view your prescription history, order refills, and transfer prescriptions to their pharmacy.

Weekly Ads: You can check out the latest deals and offers on Safeway's website. They update their weekly ads regularly, so you can save money on your grocery shopping.

Rewards Program: Safeway offers a rewards program that lets you earn points and redeem them for discounts and free products. You can sign up for the program on their website and start earning rewards today.

Are there any age restrictions on www.safeway.ca?

While there are no age restrictions on who can access the Safeway website, there are certain products and services that have age restrictions. For example, if you're purchasing alcohol or tobacco products, you must be of legal age in your province or territory. Safeway's website will prompt you to verify your age before completing your purchase.

Is www.safeway.ca accessible to people with disabilities?

Safeway is committed to making their website accessible to everyone, including people with disabilities. They have made efforts to comply with accessibility standards, such as the Web Content Accessibility Guidelines (WCAG). Some of the features that Safeway's website includes to make it more accessible are:

Alternative Text: Images on the website have alternative text descriptions to assist visually impaired users.

Keyboard Navigation: Users can navigate the website using a keyboard, which is especially helpful for people with mobility impairments.

Captioning: Videos on the website have captioning to assist hearing-impaired users.

Text Resizing: Users can adjust the font size on the website to make it easier to read.

There are no restrictions on who can access Safeway's website, www.safeway.ca. Anyone can browse and explore the site, shop for groceries, refill prescriptions, check out weekly ads, and earn rewards. However, there are certain age restrictions on purchasing certain products such as alcohol and tobacco, and Safeway has made efforts to make their website accessible to people with disabilities. We hope that this article has answered any questions you might have had regarding accessing Safeway's website.

La rédaction de Kafunel est aujourd'hui votre guide touristique pour visiter le village de Yarakh (Littoral de la baie de Hann). La baie de Hann située sur la façade orientale de la presqu’île du Cap Vert entre la pointe de Bel-Air et le village de Mbao (au Nord est de Dakar) (voir carte), était, il y a encore 25 ans une des plus somptueuses baies du monde avec la baie de Rio de Janeiro au Brésil. ,Yarakh, village ,Littoral ,baie de Hann, sénégal,tourisme,Dakar, Yarakh, village du Littoral de la baie de Hann (Dakar) [caption id="attachment_329050" align="alignnone" width="1280"] baie-de-hann-[/caption] A l’image de la Gaulle pour la France, le Village de Hann (ou Yarakh) est le noyau originel de la Commune de Hann Bel Air. Hann/Yarakh est un village traditionnel fondé par les pêcheurs « lébous » sur la baie de Hann ; dès 1745, le naturaliste britannique Adanson mentionnait le village de Yarakh sur la cartographie de la faune et de la flore en Afrique de l’Ouest. Grâce à sa configuration spatiale, la Baie de Hann est un site idéal pour la pêche, le parking des pirogues, l’étalement des filets, les loisirs, etc.. De nos jours, le village de Hann et ses extensions est à mi-chemin entre le Centre ville, le Port, la zone industrielle et les immenses banlieues de Pikine/Keur Massar, d’où une forte pression en demande de logements. A lire aussi DECRET n° 2009-20 du 22 janvier 2009 fixant les tarifs des transports publics routiers de personnes Hann est aussi caractérisé par la cohabitation des habitations et des unités industrielles dans une zone inondable et site sensible (DPM). La typologie de l’habitat est constitué, en partie, par l’habitat traditionnel construits en dur au fil du temps. Du fait de sa position charnière avec les bassins d’emplois (Port, zone industrielle, Parc de Hann etc.), le village de Hann a une très forte densité : 763 hts/km² pour une moyenne nationale de 400 hts/km². D’après le document stratégique de réduction de la pauvreté (DRSP), le village de Hann est classé parmi les zones de pauvreté dans la région de Dakar (PLCP). Les conditions de vie sont, globalement, précaires du fait de l’absence de VRD (Voirie, réseaux divers) et le fort taux de chômage (peu de qualification, peu de diplômés sur les 60 % des jeunes) Par la force des choses, le village de Hann est aussi devenu une des 0principales « zone de départ » pour l’émigration clandestine vers l’Europe. Le village de Yarakh (Littoral de la baie de Hann) [caption id="attachment_329049" align="alignnone" width="1280"] Yarakh, village du Littoral de la baie de Hann (Dakar)[/caption] ♦→ Les pêcheurs traditionnels considèrent que la baie de Hann était l’une des nurseries les plus importantes de la sous région. ♦→ Une initiative classant la baie et la zone du mole 8 en aire protégée aurait vu le jour vers la fin des années 40, selon les pêcheurs get-ndariens. ♦→ Le village traditionnel de pêcheur Lébou s’y est implanté pour exploiter la richesse halieutique de la zone. Sa situation stratégique a favorisé l’implantation d’infrastructures comme le port et les unités industrielles. Tous les secteurs industriels sont représentés dans la baie qui a elle seule rassemble plus de 60% du tissu industriel national. A ce titre, la baie de Hann constitue un site à grands enjeux. Les implantations autour de la baie depuis 1920 se sont faites sans supervision ni contrôle de normes environnementales. C’est pourquoi aujourd’hui, elle rassemble tous les problèmes de dégradation de l’environnement des baies de Dakar : [caption id="attachment_329048" align="alignnone" width="1280"] Yarakh, village du Littoral de la baie de Hann (Dakar) 4[/caption] ♦→ nombreux rejets industriels, ♦→ rejets urbain d’eau usées, ♦→ rejet de collecteurs pluviaux, ♦→ plage de baignade, ‘plage-port’ de pêche, petites industries de transformation, ♦→ habitats en villages traditionnels, ♦→ habitats en villas standing décharges sauvages, ♦→ décharges ‘officielles’,

♦→ tourisme et conflits d’usage. Depuis 1993, les acteurs en place sous la coordination de la Direction de l’Environnement et des Etablissements Classés coordonne des actions de réhabilitation de la baie. Ce document fait la synthèse bibliographique des connaissances et des actions menées pour la réhabilitation et l’aménagement de la baie. 1. Situation géographique [caption id="attachment_329047" align="alignnone" width="1280"] Yarakh, village du Littoral de la baie de Hann (Dakar) 3[/caption] La baie de Hann se situe a la façade orientale de la presqu’île du Cap-Vert. Elle s’étend de la pointe de Bel-Air au village de Mbao. L’érosion côtière est faible le long de la baie et la circulation des courants n’est pas favorable à la dispersion des polluants : effet abri. Le phénomène d:upwelling ramène une partie des eaux contaminées vers la côte. Elle est le prolongement du port de Dakar, ce qui explique son importance économique. En effet, elle est la première zone industrielle du Sénégal regroupant plus de 60% du potentiel industriel national avec comme épicentre la zone Potou-Bel-Air. La zone industrielle de Potou Bel Air a été classée domaine privé industriel sn 1950 pour abriter la deuxième génération de sociétés industrielles de Dakar. Cette option coloniale a été poursuivie à l’indépendance. C’est ainsi qu’elle abrite à elle seule 70% des industries de la région de Dakar. 2. Habitat et peuplement La commune de Hann Bel Air se circonscrit entre p Autoroute et l’Océan Atlantique pour une superficie de 40km2. Les premières occupations datent des années 1910-1920 sur les villages Hann Pêcheur. Thiaroye et Petit Mbao. Le taux de croissance de la population est l’un des plus élevé du pays. Principaux caractéristiques du village de Hann [caption id="attachment_329046" align="alignnone" width="1280"] Yarakh, village du Littoral de la baie de Hann (Dakar) 2[/caption] ♦→ 08 quartiers (unités de voisinage) : Hann 3, Hann yenne, Hann plage, Hann marigot, Hann pêcheurs, Hann ferraille, Hann Montagne 5, Hann Montagne 6 ; ♦→ Population actuelle : 38 799 hbts – Superficie 90 hectares/densité : 763hbts/km² ; ♦→ Voirie – rue 2m/3m/6m à l’intérieur du village (inaccessibles aux véhicules de collecte d’ordures ménagères ; ♦→ Canalisation : absence de réseau d’assainissement (fosses septiques) ; ♦→ Eau potable : existence d’un réseau eau potable satisfaisant ; ♦→ Nature du site : inondable dans les 08 quartiers en période hivernale. Les principales contraintes de la Commune de Hann bel Air sont les suivantes : ♦→ ? Le manque criard d’emplois qui poussent les jeunes (60 % de la population) sur les voies dangereuses de l’émigration clandestine vers l’Europe. ♦→ ? L’absence de Centre de Formation Technique et Professionnelle pour apprendre aux jeunes filles et garçons un métier pour leur insertion dans les activités génératrices de revenus. ♦→ ? la forte pollution de la Baie de Hann sur 3 km liée à l’absence d’égout et de routes pour récupérer les ordures ménagères et arrêter le déversement des eaux industrielles du Canal VI sur la plage de la Baie ♦→ ? L’absence d’urbanisation du village traditionnel qui abrite environ 38 798 habitants (densité : 738 hbts/m²). Le village traditionnel est adossé à la Baie de Hann qui constitue sa limite d’expansion naturelle un plan d’urbanisme de Détail (PUD) est en phase d’approbation par les Autorités. ♦→ ? La dégradation (excessive) des voies d’accès et de circulation dans les cités modernes. ♦→ ? Un problème d’assainissement global lié à la défaillance ou l’absence de réseau d’égout dans certaines zones ♦→ ? L’absence de moyens logistique et de matériels lourds (pelle mécanique, camions) au service de la Commune. ♦→ ? Le réseau de l’Eclairage public (EP) dans la plupart des quartiers est sous équipé. Projets à court terme [caption id="attachment_329045" align="alignnone" width="1280"] Yarakh, village du Littoral de la baie de Hann (Dakar) 1[/caption]

♦→ ? L’expérimentation de l’Eclairage Public Solaire dans les quartiers afin d’atteindre le maximum de populations. ♦→ ? La construction et l’équipement de salle informatique et de bibliothèque dans chacune des 06 écoles de la Commune ; ♦→ ? La construction de local adapté pour une unité de secours de sapeurs pompiers dans chaque localité (uV.) ; ♦→ ? La satisfaction des requêtes des populations locales issues des consultations citoyennes en collaboration avec la Ville de Dakar (Voir en annexe) Soit une croissance annuelle décroissante mais plus élevé que la moyenne nationale (respectivement 5,35 % de 1976 à 1988, et 3,8 % de 1988 à 2000 comparé à 3% et 2,7% pour le pays). La densité de la population est la plus élevé du pays (plus de 2500 hbts/km2) Cette croissance démographique est accentuée à Hann-Pècheur durant les années de sécheresse avec un taux d’accroissement annuel de 3L4% entre 1971 et 1976. L’accroissement naturel et J’exode rural favorisé par l’importance des activités expliquent ce taux élevé de croissance. Habitat [caption id="attachment_329044" align="alignnone" width="1280"] Senegal_baie_de_Dakar[/caption] Au niveau du village de Hann. L’habitat est caractérisé par l’existence de constructions spontanés, réparties en grands carrés où se retrouvent plusieurs familles, avec une quasi-inexistence d’équipements d’assainissement collectif et/ou individuel. Comme tous les villages traditionnels, celui de Hann est occupé en dehors des normes d’urbanisme. Le niveau d’équipement des parcelles est très faible : 82,5% des parcelles ne disposent pas d’eau courante. 54% des parcelles n’ont pas de WC. Chez ces populations, l’évacuation des eaux usées en mer est une pratique courante. 3. Les activités économiques [caption id="attachment_329039" align="alignnone" width="1280"] Location-of-sampling-sites-from-Dakar-coastal-zone-in-Senegal[/caption] La pêche La pêche est l’une des activités économique les plus importantes autour de la baie de Hann. Elle génère des emplois directs, du commerce, de la petite et moyenne industrie, de l’artisanat et de la distribution. En 1994 on enregistrait 1200 pêcheurs avec 120 pirogues et la tendance est régulièrement à la hausse. Plusieurs pollutions affectent le secteur de la pêche. La pollution thermique par le rejet en mer d’eau chaude par certaines unités industrielles entraîne une baisse des prises par la conjonction de deux facteurs : mortalité et fuite vers le large. La pollution algale, avant très limité, dans le temps, est permanente du fait de l’Eutrophisation poussée de la baie. En conséquence, les bancs de poissons sont chassés au large, les zooplanctons deviennent rares et la mortalité directe plus fréquente. La pêche en retour est un facteur important de pollution. Le manque d’infrastructures de débarquement, de conservation et de gestion des déchets sur la plage pour la pêche artisanale contribue pour une large part à la dégradation de l’environnement. Les déchets sont laissés sur la plage entraînant une forte pollution organique de la plage et des eaux marines et une forte nuisance olfactive. Les unités industrielles de poissons commettent le même type de nuisance. L’industrie La presqu’île du Cap-Vert renferme plus de 259 unités industrielles dont plus 70% se concentrent autour de la baie de Hann et tous les secteurs sont représentés. L’expansion industrielle est stoppée par manque d’espace. L’industrie est la première source de pollution des eaux de la baie de Hann. Toutes les industries implantées le long de la baie génèrent des sous-produits de fabrication, des déchets liquides et solides, des rejets atmosphériques et des nuisances sonores ou olfactives. En effet, elle a un besoin important en eau (1,6 millions de m3/an) [caption id="attachment_329033" align="alignnone" width="1280"] cap_vert_environs de Dakar et banlieue (presqu'île du Cap Vert)[/caption] ♦→ L’eau est utilisée pour le refroidissement, le nettoyage ou directement dans la composition des produits.

♦→ Jusqu’en 2003, aucune industrie n’effectuait de traitement adéquat de ses effluents. ♦→ Les Jusqu’en 2003, aucune industrie n’effectuait de traitement adéquat de ses effluents. Les différents polluants générés par les industries sont : eaux chaudes, colorants chimiques, acides et bases, phosphogypse. hydrocarbures, solvants, sang et matières solides, matières organiques ; etc. Les eaux riches en matières organiques et ou toxiques sont rejetées en mer. Ce qui fait qu’à la fin des années 90. on est passé du milieu euîrophise au milieu pollué de la baie de Hann. La forte concentration d’usines apporte de risques industriels assez élevés comme les incendies, les accidents de transport de matières dangereuses. La probabilité d’occurrence de ces risques est très élevée par : ♦→ – Rupture de cuves ou combustion de produits chimiques toxiques ♦→ – Fuites d’ammoniac dans les poissonneries ♦→ – Rejets atmosphériques de solvants d’impression ♦→ – Canalisation d’hydrocarbure entre la SAR et ses dépôts 3-3. Tourisme et loisirs La baie de Hann présente des avantages pour le tourisme : village traditionnel, plage, courant faible, pentes douces sans creux ; point de pêche artisanale, baignade et récolte d’huîtres. Ces atouts ont développé les clubs de plaisance : Amicale des plaisanciers, le Cercle de l’Etrier de Dakar, le Cercle de la Voile et la Voile Club, plages privés et sortie en mer, planche à voile, ski nautique, plongée sous-marine et pêche. Cette activité est fortement freinée par la dégradation de l’environnement. On note aussi un manque d’infrastructures sanitaires adéquates dans les restaurants et hôtels. 3.4. Le port Les effluents les plus importants proviennent de la zone du port. Il est enregistré une dizaine d’émissaires en provenance du port avec des effluents non traités. Le relargage clandestin des hydrocarbures et des eaux de lavage constituent des sources de pollution. Une forte pollution atmosphérique par les poussières de produits chimiques est enregistrée dans le secteur du port. D’autres activités économiques comme le commerce, l’artisanat, le transport et le maraîchage sont exercés dans la commune de Hann Bel Air. 4. Etat des lieux [caption id="attachment_329050" align="alignnone" width="1280"] baie-de-hann-[/caption] La synthèse des résultats des études les plus significatives menées au cours de ces dernières années fait le point sur les facteurs essentiels de dégradation des ressources de la baie et donne des indicateurs de suivi. 4.1 Rejets Les populations, les unités industrielles et le port de Dakar rejettent divers effluents dans la baie de Hann. Les différents rejets laissés dans l’environnement de la baie sont listés ci-dessous : ♦→ – Affluents industriels bruts rejetés sans traitement : 65% de déchets inertes (‘gravats, déblais, etc. ; 20 % de déchets types urbains (ordures ménagères, matières organiques, etc.): !-[% de polluants non dangereux et 1% de déchets toxiques eu dangereux : ♦→ – Affluents des trois canalisations ; ♦→ Canaux d’eaux usées, d’eaux pluviales sont utilisées à des fins d’évacuation des eaux usées domestiques et industrielles : ♦→ – Rejets de déchets solides et liquides sur la plage ou dans la mer par les populations riveraines par manque d’infrastructures sanitaires et de système d’évacuation des ordures ménagères : ♦→ – Rejets atmosphériques liés à la combustion de combustibles fossiles COxn NOx. SOx; ♦→ – Manque de respect des normes de construction permettant le développement et la multiplication de micro-organismes pathogènes, d’invertébrés porteurs d’agents pathogènes (acariens, poux, mouches, moustiques, etc.). Il en résulte la présence de polluants comme les matières organiques, les métaux lourds et les micro-organismes pathogènes. Ces micro-organismes sont constitués de coliformes, de salmoneiles, de virus et d’helminthes. A lire aussi Une rallonge de 45 milliards pour la modernisation du ministère de l’Environnement

Ces polluants se retrouvent dans les ressources halieutiques et ont des conséquences sanitaires diverses : ♦→ – Directs par baignade : dermatoses (gale ou Waga). conjonctivite, ♦→ – Direct par injection: helmînthiases. maux de ventre, salmonelloses, fièvres paratyphoïdes, diarrhées, ♦→ – Indirect par consommation de produits halieutiques. Les études ont aussi fait la situation et l’état environnemental de la baie de Hann. 4.2 Assainissement de la baie [caption id="attachment_329048" align="alignnone" width="1280"] Yarakh, village du Littoral de la baie de Hann (Dakar) 4[/caption] Les études effectuées dans la zone ont montré l’inexistence d’un réseau d’assainissement. Cette situation explique les problèmes de pollutions domestiques et industriels récurrents dans ce milieu. En effet, la forte densité de la population et du tissu .industriel rend indispensable la mise en place diligente d’un réseau d’assainissement global normalisé pour maintenir un minimum de condition de vie acceptable pour ia population riveraine. 4.3 Epidémiologie de la Baie Les enquêtes menées montrent une situation inquiétante, la pollution d’origine fécale sur les plages et les rejets chimiques sont les sources d’infection les plus importantes rencontrés dans la zone (le taux d’infection chez les populations est de 2,88 ; en d’autres termes, l’habitant de Hann porte dans son organisme en moyenne 2 à 3 infections différentes). 4.4 Biologie marine Les investigations dans ce domaines ont relevé un état de dégradation généralisé des ressource.1- marines (faune et flore mannes) au niveau des zones de confinement que sont : le village de Hann pêcheurs ex la zone de l’hydrobase. Cet état de fait oblige les pêcheurs traditionnels, avec leur équipement sommaire, à se rendre beaucoup plus au large pour pêcher le poisson quotidien : ♦→ le coût d’acquisition du poisson par ■■: ménagère devient plus élevé en plus des risques qu’encourent ces pêcheurs. A l’heure actuelle, la pollution de la baie en a mil un quasi désert biologique. La pêche n’est plus pratiquée dans la baie et les rares prises aux alentours révèlent des taux de contamination des peuplements ichtyologiques qui sont incroyables. La décontamination des peuplements ichtyologiques permettra de retrouver le dynamisme des populations et un retour progressif des poissons.

La rédaction de Kafunel est aujourd'hui votre guide touristique pour visiter le village de Yarakh (Littoral de la baie de Hann). La baie de Hann située sur la façade orientale de la presqu’île du Cap Vert entre la pointe de Bel-Air et le village de Mbao (au Nord est de Dakar) (voir carte), était, il y a encore 25 ans une des plus somptueuses baies du monde avec la baie de Rio de Janeiro au Brésil. ,Yarakh, village ,Littoral ,baie de Hann, sénégal,tourisme,Dakar, Yarakh, village du Littoral de la baie de Hann (Dakar) [caption id="attachment_329050" align="alignnone" width="1280"] baie-de-hann-[/caption] A l’image de la Gaulle pour la France, le Village de Hann (ou Yarakh) est le noyau originel de la Commune de Hann Bel Air. Hann/Yarakh est un village traditionnel fondé par les pêcheurs « lébous » sur la baie de Hann ; dès 1745, le naturaliste britannique Adanson mentionnait le village de Yarakh sur la cartographie de la faune et de la flore en Afrique de l’Ouest. Grâce à sa configuration spatiale, la Baie de Hann est un site idéal pour la pêche, le parking des pirogues, l’étalement des filets, les loisirs, etc.. De nos jours, le village de Hann et ses extensions est à mi-chemin entre le Centre ville, le Port, la zone industrielle et les immenses banlieues de Pikine/Keur Massar, d’où une forte pression en demande de logements. A lire aussi DECRET n° 2009-20 du 22 janvier 2009 fixant les tarifs des transports publics routiers de personnes Hann est aussi caractérisé par la cohabitation des habitations et des unités industrielles dans une zone inondable et site sensible (DPM). La typologie de l’habitat est constitué, en partie, par l’habitat traditionnel construits en dur au fil du temps. Du fait de sa position charnière avec les bassins d’emplois (Port, zone industrielle, Parc de Hann etc.), le village de Hann a une très forte densité : 763 hts/km² pour une moyenne nationale de 400 hts/km². D’après le document stratégique de réduction de la pauvreté (DRSP), le village de Hann est classé parmi les zones de pauvreté dans la région de Dakar (PLCP). Les conditions de vie sont, globalement, précaires du fait de l’absence de VRD (Voirie, réseaux divers) et le fort taux de chômage (peu de qualification, peu de diplômés sur les 60 % des jeunes) Par la force des choses, le village de Hann est aussi devenu une des 0principales « zone de départ » pour l’émigration clandestine vers l’Europe. Le village de Yarakh (Littoral de la baie de Hann) [caption id="attachment_329049" align="alignnone" width="1280"] Yarakh, village du Littoral de la baie de Hann (Dakar)[/caption] ♦→ Les pêcheurs traditionnels considèrent que la baie de Hann était l’une des nurseries les plus importantes de la sous région. ♦→ Une initiative classant la baie et la zone du mole 8 en aire protégée aurait vu le jour vers la fin des années 40, selon les pêcheurs get-ndariens. ♦�� Le village traditionnel de pêcheur Lébou s’y est implanté pour exploiter la richesse halieutique de la zone. Sa situation stratégique a favorisé l’implantation d’infrastructures comme le port et les unités industrielles. Tous les secteurs industriels sont représentés dans la baie qui a elle seule rassemble plus de 60% du tissu industriel national. A ce titre, la baie de Hann constitue un site à grands enjeux. Les implantations autour de la baie depuis 1920 se sont faites sans supervision ni contrôle de normes environnementales. C’est pourquoi aujourd’hui, elle rassemble tous les problèmes de dégradation de l’environnement des baies de Dakar : [caption id="attachment_329048" align="alignnone" width="1280"] Yarakh, village du Littoral de la baie de Hann (Dakar) 4[/caption] ♦→ nombreux rejets industriels, ♦→ rejets urbain d’eau usées, ♦→ rejet de collecteurs pluviaux, ♦→ plage de baignade, ‘plage-port’ de pêche, petites industries de transformation, ♦→ habitats en villages traditionnels, ♦→ habitats en villas standing décharges sauvages, ♦→ décharges ‘officielles’,

♦→ tourisme et conflits d’usage. Depuis 1993, les acteurs en place sous la coordination de la Direction de l’Environnement et des Etablissements Classés coordonne des actions de réhabilitation de la baie. Ce document fait la synthèse bibliographique des connaissances et des actions menées pour la réhabilitation et l’aménagement de la baie. 1. Situation géographique [caption id="attachment_329047" align="alignnone" width="1280"] Yarakh, village du Littoral de la baie de Hann (Dakar) 3[/caption] La baie de Hann se situe a la façade orientale de la presqu’île du Cap-Vert. Elle s’étend de la pointe de Bel-Air au village de Mbao. L’érosion côtière est faible le long de la baie et la circulation des courants n’est pas favorable à la dispersion des polluants : effet abri. Le phénomène d:upwelling ramène une partie des eaux contaminées vers la côte. Elle est le prolongement du port de Dakar, ce qui explique son importance économique. En effet, elle est la première zone industrielle du Sénégal regroupant plus de 60% du potentiel industriel national avec comme épicentre la zone Potou-Bel-Air. La zone industrielle de Potou Bel Air a été classée domaine privé industriel sn 1950 pour abriter la deuxième génération de sociétés industrielles de Dakar. Cette option coloniale a été poursuivie à l’indépendance. C’est ainsi qu’elle abrite à elle seule 70% des industries de la région de Dakar. 2. Habitat et peuplement La commune de Hann Bel Air se circonscrit entre p Autoroute et l’Océan Atlantique pour une superficie de 40km2. Les premières occupations datent des années 1910-1920 sur les villages Hann Pêcheur. Thiaroye et Petit Mbao. Le taux de croissance de la population est l’un des plus élevé du pays. Principaux caractéristiques du village de Hann [caption id="attachment_329046" align="alignnone" width="1280"] Yarakh, village du Littoral de la baie de Hann (Dakar) 2[/caption] ♦→ 08 quartiers (unités de voisinage) : Hann 3, Hann yenne, Hann plage, Hann marigot, Hann pêcheurs, Hann ferraille, Hann Montagne 5, Hann Montagne 6 ; ♦→ Population actuelle : 38 799 hbts – Superficie 90 hectares/densité : 763hbts/km² ; ♦→ Voirie – rue 2m/3m/6m à l’intérieur du village (inaccessibles aux véhicules de collecte d’ordures ménagères ; ♦→ Canalisation : absence de réseau d’assainissement (fosses septiques) ; ♦→ Eau potable : existence d’un réseau eau potable satisfaisant ; ♦→ Nature du site : inondable dans les 08 quartiers en période hivernale. Les principales contraintes de la Commune de Hann bel Air sont les suivantes : ♦→ ? Le manque criard d’emplois qui poussent les jeunes (60 % de la population) sur les voies dangereuses de l’émigration clandestine vers l’Europe. ♦→ ? L’absence de Centre de Formation Technique et Professionnelle pour apprendre aux jeunes filles et garçons un métier pour leur insertion dans les activités génératrices de revenus. ♦→ ? la forte pollution de la Baie de Hann sur 3 km liée à l’absence d’égout et de routes pour récupérer les ordures ménagères et arrêter le déversement des eaux industrielles du Canal VI sur la plage de la Baie ♦→ ? L’absence d’urbanisation du village traditionnel qui abrite environ 38 798 habitants (densité : 738 hbts/m²). Le village traditionnel est adossé à la Baie de Hann qui constitue sa limite d’expansion naturelle un plan d’urbanisme de Détail (PUD) est en phase d’approbation par les Autorités. ♦→ ? La dégradation (excessive) des voies d’accès et de circulation dans les cités modernes. ♦→ ? Un problème d’assainissement global lié à la défaillance ou l’absence de réseau d’égout dans certaines zones ♦→ ? L’absence de moyens logistique et de matériels lourds (pelle mécanique, camions) au service de la Commune. ♦→ ? Le réseau de l’Eclairage public (EP) dans la plupart des quartiers est sous équipé. Projets à court terme [caption id="attachment_329045" align="alignnone" width="1280"] Yarakh, village du Littoral de la baie de Hann (Dakar) 1[/caption]

♦→ ? L’expérimentation de l’Eclairage Public Solaire dans les quartiers afin d’atteindre le maximum de populations. ♦→ ? La construction et l’équipement de salle informatique et de bibliothèque dans chacune des 06 écoles de la Commune ; ♦→ ? La construction de local adapté pour une unité de secours de sapeurs pompiers dans chaque localité (uV.) ; ♦→ ? La satisfaction des requêtes des populations locales issues des consultations citoyennes en collaboration avec la Ville de Dakar (Voir en annexe) Soit une croissance annuelle décroissante mais plus élevé que la moyenne nationale (respectivement 5,35 % de 1976 à 1988, et 3,8 % de 1988 à 2000 comparé à 3% et 2,7% pour le pays). La densité de la population est la plus élevé du pays (plus de 2500 hbts/km2) Cette croissance démographique est accentuée à Hann-Pècheur durant les années de sécheresse avec un taux d’accroissement annuel de 3L4% entre 1971 et 1976. L’accroissement naturel et J’exode rural favorisé par l’importance des activités expliquent ce taux élevé de croissance. Habitat [caption id="attachment_329044" align="alignnone" width="1280"] Senegal_baie_de_Dakar[/caption] Au niveau du village de Hann. L’habitat est caractérisé par l’existence de constructions spontanés, réparties en grands carrés où se retrouvent plusieurs familles, avec une quasi-inexistence d’équipements d’assainissement collectif et/ou individuel. Comme tous les villages traditionnels, celui de Hann est occupé en dehors des normes d’urbanisme. Le niveau d’équipement des parcelles est très faible : 82,5% des parcelles ne disposent pas d’eau courante. 54% des parcelles n’ont pas de WC. Chez ces populations, l’évacuation des eaux usées en mer est une pratique courante. 3. Les activités économiques [caption id="attachment_329039" align="alignnone" width="1280"] Location-of-sampling-sites-from-Dakar-coastal-zone-in-Senegal[/caption] La pêche La pêche est l’une des activités économique les plus importantes autour de la baie de Hann. Elle génère des emplois directs, du commerce, de la petite et moyenne industrie, de l’artisanat et de la distribution. En 1994 on enregistrait 1200 pêcheurs avec 120 pirogues et la tendance est régulièrement à la hausse. Plusieurs pollutions affectent le secteur de la pêche. La pollution thermique par le rejet en mer d’eau chaude par certaines unités industrielles entraîne une baisse des prises par la conjonction de deux facteurs : mortalité et fuite vers le large. La pollution algale, avant très limité, dans le temps, est permanente du fait de l’Eutrophisation poussée de la baie. En conséquence, les bancs de poissons sont chassés au large, les zooplanctons deviennent rares et la mortalité directe plus fréquente. La pêche en retour est un facteur important de pollution. Le manque d’infrastructures de débarquement, de conservation et de gestion des déchets sur la plage pour la pêche artisanale contribue pour une large part à la dégradation de l’environnement. Les déchets sont laissés sur la plage entraînant une forte pollution organique de la plage et des eaux marines et une forte nuisance olfactive. Les unités industrielles de poissons commettent le même type de nuisance. L’industrie La presqu’île du Cap-Vert renferme plus de 259 unités industrielles dont plus 70% se concentrent autour de la baie de Hann et tous les secteurs sont représentés. L’expansion industrielle est stoppée par manque d’espace. L’industrie est la première source de pollution des eaux de la baie de Hann. Toutes les industries implantées le long de la baie génèrent des sous-produits de fabrication, des déchets liquides et solides, des rejets atmosphériques et des nuisances sonores ou olfactives. En effet, elle a un besoin important en eau (1,6 millions de m3/an) [caption id="attachment_329033" align="alignnone" width="1280"] cap_vert_environs de Dakar et banlieue (presqu'île du Cap Vert)[/caption] ♦→ L’eau est utilisée pour le refroidissement, le nettoyage ou directement dans la composition des produits.

♦→ Jusqu’en 2003, aucune industrie n’effectuait de traitement adéquat de ses effluents. ♦→ Les Jusqu’en 2003, aucune industrie n’effectuait de traitement adéquat de ses effluents. Les différents polluants générés par les industries sont : eaux chaudes, colorants chimiques, acides et bases, phosphogypse. hydrocarbures, solvants, sang et matières solides, matières organiques ; etc. Les eaux riches en matières organiques et ou toxiques sont rejetées en mer. Ce qui fait qu’à la fin des années 90. on est passé du milieu euîrophise au milieu pollué de la baie de Hann. La forte concentration d’usines apporte de risques industriels assez élevés comme les incendies, les accidents de transport de matières dangereuses. La probabilité d’occurrence de ces risques est très élevée par : ♦→ – Rupture de cuves ou combustion de produits chimiques toxiques ♦→ – Fuites d’ammoniac dans les poissonneries ♦→ – Rejets atmosphériques de solvants d’impression ♦→ – Canalisation d’hydrocarbure entre la SAR et ses dépôts 3-3. Tourisme et loisirs La baie de Hann présente des avantages pour le tourisme : village traditionnel, plage, courant faible, pentes douces sans creux ; point de pêche artisanale, baignade et récolte d’huîtres. Ces atouts ont développé les clubs de plaisance : Amicale des plaisanciers, le Cercle de l’Etrier de Dakar, le Cercle de la Voile et la Voile Club, plages privés et sortie en mer, planche à voile, ski nautique, plongée sous-marine et pêche. Cette activité est fortement freinée par la dégradation de l’environnement. On note aussi un manque d’infrastructures sanitaires adéquates dans les restaurants et hôtels. 3.4. Le port Les effluents les plus importants proviennent de la zone du port. Il est enregistré une dizaine d’émissaires en provenance du port avec des effluents non traités. Le relargage clandestin des hydrocarbures et des eaux de lavage constituent des sources de pollution. Une forte pollution atmosphérique par les poussières de produits chimiques est enregistrée dans le secteur du port. D’autres activités économiques comme le commerce, l’artisanat, le transport et le maraîchage sont exercés dans la commune de Hann Bel Air. 4. Etat des lieux [caption id="attachment_329050" align="alignnone" width="1280"] baie-de-hann-[/caption] La synthèse des résultats des études les plus significatives menées au cours de ces dernières années fait le point sur les facteurs essentiels de dégradation des ressources de la baie et donne des indicateurs de suivi. 4.1 Rejets Les populations, les unités industrielles et le port de Dakar rejettent divers effluents dans la baie de Hann. Les différents rejets laissés dans l’environnement de la baie sont listés ci-dessous : ♦→ – Affluents industriels bruts rejetés sans traitement : 65% de déchets inertes (‘gravats, déblais, etc. ; 20 % de déchets types urbains (ordures ménagères, matières organiques, etc.): !-[% de polluants non dangereux et 1% de déchets toxiques eu dangereux : ♦→ – Affluents des trois canalisations ; ♦→ Canaux d’eaux usées, d’eaux pluviales sont utilisées à des fins d’évacuation des eaux usées domestiques et industrielles : ♦→ – Rejets de déchets solides et liquides sur la plage ou dans la mer par les populations riveraines par manque d’infrastructures sanitaires et de système d’évacuation des ordures ménagères : ♦→ – Rejets atmosphériques liés à la combustion de combustibles fossiles COxn NOx. SOx; ♦→ – Manque de respect des normes de construction permettant le développement et la multiplication de micro-organismes pathogènes, d’invertébrés porteurs d’agents pathogènes (acariens, poux, mouches, moustiques, etc.). Il en résulte la présence de polluants comme les matières organiques, les métaux lourds et les micro-organismes pathogènes. Ces micro-organismes sont constitués de coliformes, de salmoneiles, de virus et d’helminthes. A lire aussi Une rallonge de 45 milliards pour la modernisation du ministère de l’Environnement

Ces polluants se retrouvent dans les ressources halieutiques et ont des conséquences sanitaires diverses : ♦→ – Directs par baignade : dermatoses (gale ou Waga). conjonctivite, ♦→ – Direct par injection: helmînthiases. maux de ventre, salmonelloses, fièvres paratyphoïdes, diarrhées, ♦→ – Indirect par consommation de produits halieutiques. Les études ont aussi fait la situation et l’état environnemental de la baie de Hann. 4.2 Assainissement de la baie [caption id="attachment_329048" align="alignnone" width="1280"] Yarakh, village du Littoral de la baie de Hann (Dakar) 4[/caption] Les études effectuées dans la zone ont montré l’inexistence d’un réseau d’assainissement. Cette situation explique les problèmes de pollutions domestiques et industriels récurrents dans ce milieu. En effet, la forte densité de la population et du tissu .industriel rend indispensable la mise en place diligente d’un réseau d’assainissement global normalisé pour maintenir un minimum de condition de vie acceptable pour ia population riveraine. 4.3 Epidémiologie de la Baie Les enquêtes menées montrent une situation inquiétante, la pollution d’origine fécale sur les plages et les rejets chimiques sont les sources d’infection les plus importantes rencontrés dans la zone (le taux d’infection chez les populations est de 2,88 ; en d’autres termes, l’habitant de Hann porte dans son organisme en moyenne 2 à 3 infections différentes). 4.4 Biologie marine Les investigations dans ce domaines ont relevé un état de dégradation généralisé des ressource.1- marines (faune et flore mannes) au niveau des zones de confinement que sont : le village de Hann pêcheurs ex la zone de l’hydrobase. Cet état de fait oblige les pêcheurs traditionnels, avec leur équipement sommaire, à se rendre beaucoup plus au large pour pêcher le poisson quotidien : ♦→ le coût d’acquisition du poisson par ■■: ménagère devient plus élevé en plus des risques qu’encourent ces pêcheurs. A l’heure actuelle, la pollution de la baie en a mil un quasi désert biologique. La pêche n’est plus pratiquée dans la baie et les rares prises aux alentours révèlent des taux de contamination des peuplements ichtyologiques qui sont incroyables. La décontamination des peuplements ichtyologiques permettra de retrouver le dynamisme des populations et un retour progressif des poissons.

Real Estate Just Listed Just Sold Market Update Postcards

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Enhancing Accessibility: On-Site CART Captions for LMU

Introduction:

Welcome to our case study on the implementation of on-site CART captions for Loyola Marymount University (LMU). At Captioning Star, we are dedicated to providing comprehensive accessibility solutions, and this case study highlights how our on-site CART captioning service significantly improved the accessibility of LMU's events and activities.

Overview:

LMU recognized the importance of ensuring equal access to information for all individuals, including those with hearing impairments. By partnering with Captioning Star, they implemented on-site CART captions, revolutionizing the way their events were experienced by deaf or hard-of-hearing attendees.

Key Challenges Faced by LMU:

Prior to implementing on-site CART captions, LMU faced several challenges in terms of accessibility for their events:

Exclusion of Deaf and Hard-of-Hearing Individuals: Traditional event formats often neglected the needs of individuals with hearing impairments, limiting their ability to fully participate and engage.

Communication Barriers: Without proper captions, individuals with hearing impairments faced difficulties understanding speeches, presentations, and discussions, leading to information gaps and reduced overall comprehension.

Legal Compliance: LMU recognized the legal obligations to provide equal access under the Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA) and sought a solution to meet those requirements effectively.

The Solution: On-Site CART Captions

Captioning Star's team of highly skilled CART captioners collaborated closely with LMU to develop an efficient and reliable on-site CART captioning solution. Here's how it worked:

Real-Time Captioning: Captioning Star's captioners were present at LMU's events, providing live, real-time captions of the spoken content. These captions were displayed on large screens, enabling attendees to read along and comprehend the proceedings.

Highly Accurate Transcriptions: The captioners utilized their expertise and cutting-edge technology to ensure the accuracy of the captions, capturing the essence of every spoken word and conveying it in a clear and concise manner.

Customized Display Options: Captioning Star tailored the caption display to LMU's requirements, ensuring optimal visibility and readability for all attendees. The captions were positioned strategically, making them easily visible from different parts of the venue.

Results and Benefits:

LMU's decision to implement on-site CART captions yielded significant benefits for both the university and its attendees:

Enhanced Accessibility: Deaf and hard-of-hearing individuals could now fully participate in LMU's events, lectures, and seminars, experiencing equal access to information and fostering an inclusive environment.

Improved Comprehension: The availability of real-time captions greatly enhanced attendees' understanding and retention of the presented material. This contributed to more productive interactions and enriched learning experiences.

Legal Compliance: LMU's commitment to providing equal access ensured compliance with ADA requirements, avoiding potential legal issues and demonstrating their dedication to inclusivity.

Conclusion:

Captioning Star's on-site CART captioning solution successfully addressed LMU's accessibility challenges, facilitating an inclusive and accessible environment for all individuals. By implementing real-time captions, LMU transformed their events into inclusive spaces that prioritize equal access to information and foster meaningful engagement among attendees.

If you're interested in learning more about our on-site CART captioning services or exploring how Captioning Star can help enhance accessibility for your organization, please visit our website or contact our team.

Impactful is On-Site CART Captioning

Understand how much impact the captions are making. Read the blog and learn about the ripple effect CART captions produce in the onsite setting.

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For the most common uses, both personal and professional, for use in desktop applications with a font menu.

Aujourd'hui, le lecteur de CD n'est plus indispensable, même si dans certains cas c'est encore un périphérique qui peut s'avérer utile. On vous explique comment faire en 2022 quand vous n'avez pas de lecteur CD connecté à votre ordinateur. Utiliser un lecteur de CD connectable par USB Utiliser un lecteur de CD connectable par USB est un excellent moyen d'installer un logiciel si vous ne disposez pas d'un lecteur de CD sur votre ordinateur. C'est aussi une bonne solution si vous voulez installer un logiciel sur un ordinateur qui n'a pas de lecteur optique. Tout ce dont vous avez besoin est une clé USB et le CD du logiciel. Si vous n'avez pas de lecteur de CD sur votre ordinateur, vous pouvez toujours installer des logiciels à partir de CD en utilisant un lecteur flash USB. De nos jours, la plupart des ordinateurs sont équipés de ports USB, vous devriez donc pouvoir connecter un lecteur flash USB sans aucun problème. [caption id="attachment_61565" align="aligncenter" width="550"] Lecteur CD/DVD Externe avec Lecteur de Carte SD/TF et de USB,[/caption] Une fois le lecteur flash connecté, il vous suffit d'insérer le CD dans le lecteur et l'ordinateur le lira comme il le ferait avec un lecteur de CD ordinaire. Gardez à l'esprit que vous aurez besoin de suffisamment d'espace libre sur le lecteur flash pour contenir toutes les données du CD. Sinon, vous risquez de ne pas pouvoir installer le logiciel correctement. Dans le cas où vous n'avez pas de port USB sur votre ordinateur, il ne faut pas vous affoler. En effet, le standard USB est progressivement remplacé par le standard USB-C sur les nouveaux ordinateurs. Par conséquent, si vous venez d'acheter un ordinateur, il est très probable que vous n'ayez pas de port USB disponible. Dans ce cas, il faut opter pour un adaptateur. Connecter un lecteur de CD en USB-C : c'est tout à fait faisable Pour connecter un lecteur CD à un port USB-C, vous aurez besoin d'un adaptateur compatible avec ce type de connexion. Ces adaptateurs ne sont pas très chers et vous pouvez les trouver facilement sur internet. Acheter un adaptateur USB-C vers USB [caption id="attachment_61566" align="aligncenter" width="400"] Adaptateur USB-C vers USB[/caption] Lorsque vous avez votre adaptateur, tout ce que vous avez à faire est de le connecter au port USB-C de votre ordinateur, puis de connecter votre lecteur CD à l'adaptateur. Voilà, votre ordinateur sera en mesure de lire les données de vos CD comme s'ils étaient insérés dans un lecteur ordinaire. Bien sûr, cette solution n'est pas idéale. Il est toujours préférable de disposer d'un lecteur de CD dédié que vous pouvez utiliser quand vous le souhaitez. Toutefois, si vous n'en avez pas, cette solution de contournement fera l'affaire. Acheter un lecteur CD en USB-C [caption id="attachment_61561" align="aligncenter" width="500"] Lecteur CD en USB-C[/caption] Savez-vous qu'il existe des lecteurs de CD connectables directement avec un port USB-C. C'est même un standard qui est en train de se développer puisque le port USB classique est en train de disparaître progressivement au profit de l'USB-C. Leur prix n'est pas excessif, mais ils sont encore relativement peu disponibles en magasin. Il vaut mieux les acheter sur des sites spécialisés. Télécharger un programme plutôt que d'utiliser un lecteur de CD En dernier recours, vous pouvez toujours télécharger le programme que vous souhaitez installer directement sur Internet. Ce n'est pas toujours possible, mais cela vaut la peine de vérifier avant d'acheter un nouveau lecteur de CD ou un adaptateur. Dans certains cas, vous pouvez trouver le programme que vous cherchez sur un site comme Softonic ou CNET. Ces sites proposent des téléchargements sûrs et sécurisés de programmes populaires. Cependant, n'oubliez pas que tous les programmes ne sont pas disponibles au téléchargement. Et même s'ils le sont, la version que vous trouverez ne sera peut-être pas la plus récente. Vous pouvez également essayer de trouver le programme que vous souhaitez installer en le recherchant sur Google.

Soyez toutefois prudent, car de nombreux sites proposent des versions falsifiées ou infectées de programmes. Acheter un jeu vidéo en ligne Si vous souhaitez installer un jeu vidéo, la meilleure solution est de l'acheter directement sur un site comme Steam ou GOG. Ces plateformes vendent des jeux qui peuvent être téléchargés directement sur votre ordinateur. Pas besoin de lecteur CD ou de clé USB, tout se fait automatiquement. De plus, acheter vos jeux sur ces sites a l'avantage d'être moins cher dans la plupart des cas.

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