So guess who’s been getting (back) into Wreck it Ralph

Mydecine to launch Phase 2A clinical trial on psilocybin assisted psychotherapy to treat PTSD in veterans

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Mydecine to launch Phase 2A clinical trial on psilocybin assisted psychotherapy to treat PTSD in veterans

CEO Joshua Bartch said the upcoming trial is aimed at achieving safer and more accurate psychedelic-led psychotherapy results in a supervised setting

Mydecine Innovations Group Inc () () () is the first company to treat post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and smoking cessation with the natural form of psilocybin (MYCO – 001).

The Denver, Colorado-based biotech is gearing up to launch a Phase 2A clinical trial on psilocybin-assisted psychotherapy to treat PTSD in veterans. Mydecine hopes to achieve safer and more accurate psychedelic-led psychotherapy results in a supervised setting.

“We are waiting for final approval on our Investigational New Drug before launching our Phase 2A PTSD clinical study in the late third quarter, or early fourth quarter,” Mydecine co-founder and CEO Joshua Bartch told Proactive in an interview. 

Psilocybin is a tryptamine that binds to serotonin receptor 5-HT2A in the brain. At certain doses, the psilocybin elicits profound changes in consciousness and has great potential in treating mental health disorders.  

Mydecine is well-funded to grow its IP portfolio and carry out advanced clinical trials with its proprietary psychedelic molecule MYCO – 001. 

Roth Capital recently initiated coverage on Mydecine with a ‘Buy’ rating and a C$3 price target, citing the “blockbuster potential” of MYCO – 001 for PTSD peaking at “$3 billion five years after introduction (2027).”

Mydecine has identified four patentable lead drug candidates which include MYCO – 001, a pure psilocybin from natural fungal sources; MYCO – 003, a psilocybin-based formula with reduced anxiety potential; and MYCO – 004, a patch delivered tryptamine compound.  

A serial entrepreneur, Bartch co-founded the Cannabase.io cannabis wholesale platform which was acquired by Helix TCS. 

Proactive sat down with CEO Bartch to learn about Mydecine’s clinical calendar and how it is leading the charge in psilocybin and psychedelic-assisted therapeutics.    

Proactive: What is Mydecine’s value proposition and why should investors care? 

Mydecine has a very unique approach — we are focused on first and second-generation therapeutics derived from psychedelic molecules. The reason why this is important is our paths to approval. We have both short and long-term goals on that path and obviously the infrastructure to support both initiatives. 

In our first generation, we are already in a Phase 2A PTSD and a late-stage addiction study. There’s our MYCO–001, a pure psilocybin from natural fungal sources. For the first time, a company has been able to take a natural fungal source, extract the psilocybin and take it down to 99.9% purity so it is analogous to the synthetic versions of the COMP360 products that are out in the market in clinical studies. But remember we are pulling it from a natural source, so we have full freedom to operate without infringing on any patents. 

We have novel approaches to our second generation of medicines. We address things like controllability, reducing the experience time down to a more controllable hour or two depending on the indications — safety rails and we look at things like shelf stability. Psilocybin has a single molecule — it is not oxygen stable. We’ve been able to address that problem. As a single molecule psilocybin is also not skin permeable, but we’ve tailored a molecule to permeate the skin through unique fast delivery mechanisms, while making the uptick time and controllability more accurate.

By acquiring NeuroPharm and Mindleap Health, Mydecine has increased its assets and diversified into telehealth. Will acquisitions be a part of your growth strategy? 

There’s definitely going to be a number of M&A transactions and consolidations as the industry progresses. You have a company like Mydecine that is well along its journey to the NASDAQ. We’ve raised tens of millions of dollars and have very solid infrastructure globally with approved clinical sites. With our exclusive partnership with Applied Pharmaceutical Innovation and the University of Alberta, we can literally go from A-to-Z on drug development with full cGMP certified pharmaceutical manufacturing capabilities on-site and in-house as well. You are going to start to see this divide between new companies that have smaller balance sheets, but potentially good IP. And later stage companies like Mydecine that have larger balance sheets and are further along in their market journey who will be able to acquire a number of these companies.  

What is the kind of work that is being done at the Mydecine Center of Mycology?  

Our functional mushroom research happens in Denver, Colorado at our 7,500 square feet advanced mycology lab. This world-class lab is built around exploring medicinal mushrooms and the vast array of fungi medicinal compounds, which could potentially cure some of life’s biggest problems. We are looking at mushrooms like cordyceps, Lion’s Mane, reishi and others. We are breaking them down to the molecular level and developing unique IP around different genetics and compounds.  

Our Chief Scientific Officer Robert Roscow is a well-known geneticist and worked at Canopy Growth and Ebbu where he ran their genetics division. He was the first to use CRISPR/Cas9 technology on the cannabis plant to isolate different character traits. We are doing the same thing with functional mushrooms and medicinal mushrooms, looking at what are the compounds of interest in these mushrooms. 

You are evaluating PTSD, addiction, depression, anxiety, and other mental health conditions. Where are you with your clinical trials?  

In regard to PTSD, we have multiple global test sites — three in the US, three in Canada, which are all very well-known and prolific, and then there are two in Europe. We are carrying out clinical trials in three continents for the Phase 2A study of psychedelic treatments for PTSD in veterans and EMS personnel to achieve safer and more accurate psychedelic-led psychotherapy results in a supervised setting. We are waiting for final approval on our Investigational New Drug enabling studies before launching our Phase II PTSD clinical study this year.  

We are taking the value that is currently present in natural molecules, such as the psilocybin molecule in MYCO-001, and adding in patentable safety features. MYCO – 001 is likely to be used at mid to late-stage clinical trials. In addition, we have a later stage addiction study that we will be launching later this year, or early next year.  

So, you have an advanced clinical program calendar? 

That is definitely a yes! 

Mindleap is the only digital health platform that combines traditional telehealth with psychedelic medicine and mood, emotion, behavior tracking and analytics. Tell us about Mindleap. 

We have invested significant time, money, and resources in Mindleap. We appointed William Cook as the interim CEO. At , Cook designed the Patriot missile system software parameters for the US Army. He is a systems architect by profession and has a Master’s degree in marriage and family therapy. A West Point grad, Cook has been involved in massive builds and also has artificial intelligence expertise. 

We have revamped Mindleap’s capabilities. At its core Mindleap was aimed at solving the issues that you have with psychedelic-assisted psychotherapy. You are looking at protocols that have tens of hours of psychotherapy associated with a single treatment. This is not accessible to everyday people as you have a limited number of locations/ketamine clinics where people can actually go and get treatments.

But when you look at the protocols, nine-tenths of the equation are therapy interactions between patient and therapist without any substance taken. These are interactions pre-and post-experience, and you have one or three possibly under the influence of a substance throughout the whole protocol. So, to be able to administer the treatments — seven, eight, or nine-tenths of the equation remotely — through a HIPAA-compliant telehealth app with trained professionals versed in the protocols is incredibly advantageous.

Mindleap 2.0 is set to launch in the coming weeks with more robustness to the platform. We have an educational platform that will share videos from top professionals, as well as audio clips with experts discussing what are psychedelics, how do they interact with our brains, what are the safety profiles of different substances, and what are the success rates? These are open questions and people don’t have easy access to professional advice.

Now you have this community-based app that individuals can go on for a low monthly subscription rate. They can not only access groups, and information, but find yoga, meditation, breathwork therapy classes, and ancillary services that promote overall mental health. We are incredibly excited about the overall product that we’ve been able to deliver.

Where do you see the psychedelic therapeutics industry five years from now, and what does this mean for your company? 

You are going to see incredible advancement in the science behind these molecules and FDA approvals on a number of molecules for different indications — actually see real life treatments for individuals that have been suffering for ages with really no viable solution. We hope to be one of those making significant progress on clinical trials and the regulatory front. 

Separately, one of the biggest hurdles to adoption is public acceptance of psilocybin and psychedelics. You’re looking at a substance that’s been taboo and is talked about as a party drug. However, when you look at the safety profiles of these substances, comparatively speaking to serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRI), a class of drugs that are typically used as antidepressants, they’re not even in the same ballpark in terms of their safety profile. Studies have shown that psilocybin and MDMA have no long-lasting effects. 

Patients are also looking at one to three psychedelic-assisted therapy sessions to round out the whole protocol, compared to taking a pill every day of their lives. Most importantly, it is a curative solution, a very different proposition from popping a pill every day and feeling maybe better, maybe not! It’s a matter of time before the FDA grants approval for psychoactive compounds and psilocybin to be used therapeutically. Then you will see them enter the mainstream with profound implications for psychiatry and the treatment of mental disorders and addiction. 

Contact the author Uttara Choudhury at [email protected] 

Follow her on Twitter: @UttaraProactive 

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So... I'm drawing video game botany right now...

This post is about plants and games. And OK, I’m me, so there’s lichen and fungi in here too. But broadly speaking, welcome to something about botany – because that’s where most of my own art is going right now. (Well, and some work art too, but look on the bright side inverte-friends… At least I’m not drawing chordates lol!) Tbh I’m making this post so I can point at something when anyone asks why the whole entire fuck I’m suddenly drawing plants, fungi, and lichen associated with particular video games. (I have limited spoons so I only wanna explain things once, don’t judge me.)

Assassin’s Creed Valhalla (Ubisoft) - Eivor investigating regional flora. It’s a little known fact that Eivor is well into her botany (incl mycology and lichenology)

The coronavirus pandemic lockdowns have been stressful for all of us, and for lots of different reasons. For me, the work I’m getting is a lot more sporadic, and it’s hard to plan ahead for any length of time. I don’t know what I’ll be doing in 6 weeks’ time, let alone 6 months. I feel like I can’t start much because I don’t know what I’ll be doing when, or for how long. I know lots of people are in the same situation, and that I’m lucky to have relatively safe housing etc, but yk… It still sucks. And I’ve got the same worries as many folks do about family and friends, accessing healthcare for chronic conditions during all the mayhem, etc. So, my regular vanilla anxiety/depressive disorders have been supplemented by a new and [checks notes] ‘exciting’ flavour of pandemic-induced worry.

But in this pandemic-anxiety-void, video game botany has sorta stepped in to make me feel a bit more stable. & Yes, it’s lichenology and mycology too & not just those limelight-hogging vascular plants (don’t @ me myco-people.)

There’s a lotta nice lichen in ACV. I’m just saying.

Playing video games isn’t something I talk about a lot online. But FWIW, I love open world RPG games with lots of natural environmental features. I play on a PC shared with my lovely other half, and we play the same games taking turns to drive, and talking a lot about the worlds we find ourselves in. I enjoy thinking about how plants and animals in game worlds relate to the real world. I love to ponder which aspects of wildlife closely resemble reality and, where there are differences, whether they’re an artifact or accident, or if they’re deliberate e.g. to facilitate an interaction. Some differences between real-world species and video game representations seem incidental, but others have an obvious practical benefit. Take poison dart frogs in Shadow of the Tomb Raider. In reality, many of these frogs are smaller than they appear in the game, but a player needs to be able to spot them and interact with them. So, it’s easy to think of a reason why that difference in scale might occur – having a creature be the size of Lara Croft’s thumbnail ain’t gonna help me find the chuffing thing while playing. Where fictional species exist, I also like to consider why they might have specific biological features and if/how that makes them suited to the world they appear in.

Anyway, at some point during the pandemic this all spilled over, and I started drawing all this video game botanical shit, because it made me less stressed out. (& You have to admit… It is somewhat on brand for the only fan art I’ve done to be fungi, lichen, and plants.)

Medicinal Valley’s blush from Horizon Zero Dawn (Guerilla Games)

I am not sure why, but it’s become my personal pandemic thing. Maybe it’s because video games have been my main source of trees/lichen/plants/bugs/etc to look at during lockdown when I can’t go out much. Although chronic illness/spoonie life keeps me in more than most anyway so idk… Maybe it’s because some of these species are comfortingly familiar; currently I’m playing Assassin’s Creed Valhalla, and given I live in England I can relate to what most of the fungi, lichen, plants, and trees in that game look like in real life… Because they’re literally right outside my door!

Since Horizon Zero Dawn came out for PC I also got into that, and with my beloved friend Dr Maria Christodoulou I’ve started thinking about the fictional species of plants found there. All the useable plants in Horizon Zero dawn seem to be based on extant species, so we have a starting point to think about each one. I’m a visual artist and a former pharmacologist. Maria is a botanist and a biostatistician. We can use a variety of expertise to question how the species we know today might have adapted, and what a fictional species might need to survive in a post-apocalyptic habitat where it could potentially be stomped on by machines, as well as eaten by humans and other animals. It’s a perfect Sunday project because it breaks into nice discrete chunks; we can think about each plant and its different features one at a time. It doesn’t have to be done to any particular timescale either - games aren’t going to suddenly disappear if paid work gets hairy and weekends get lost in it for a few weeks.

Sketch & finished drawing of one of the interactable fungi from AC Valhalla

So, I guess I’ll be drawing/posting about fungi, plants, and lichen I recognise in AC Valhalla at some point. I’ll also be sharing work I make with Maria to create field notes and sketches of the medicinal plants in Horizon Zero Dawn, from the perspective of people in the different human tribes in the game. And while it’s not my usual bug-fest, you can bet your butts the moment I get the *merest hint* of an opportunity to shoehorn insects into the discussion, I will be all over it. Anyway, thassit. Please take care of yourselves and each other as much as you can right now, and expect some botany soon xx

2021-01-23: Dragon Blast (Part 2)

August 20 (Thursday Afternoon)

As the party walks back to town after curing Rowan of his spore-related malady, the still summer air stirs with another surprise. Pillars of smoke burble forth into the humid overcast sky. Norm gets a panicked message (well, several panicked messages) from Silas via the Sending spell. The town of Brownstone is descending into chaos and bedlam and Silas and the deputies are currently stuck inside the constable's office. Silas offers Norm a position back on the force if he's able to help the constabulary get free.

"Was Silas the guy I sold fake laxatives to?" asks Spleenifer. It turns out that Laxative Silas and Constable Silas are the same person. So while Daffodil and Norm race off to assist Silas, Spleenifer runs toward the southern part of town where the smoke is coming from. A raging inferno is preferable to dealing with an unsatisfied and potentially-more-constipated laxative consumer.

Spleenifer arrives to find some of the recently-planted pepper fields on fire. Loads of myconids are wielding twigs as clubs, as Cornelius weaves between the flames trying to collect some of the myconids in his arms. Right after Spleenifer arrives on the scene, Lucky also appears, having been drawn by the smoke rising from the fields. Both Lucky and Spleenifer believe Cornelius is probably at least partially responsible for the scenario before them.

Lucky tries to magically trip Cornelius to allow the myconids to swarm him and enact fungal justice, but the moment the thought crosses Lucky's mind, Cornelius trips as though caught on an invisible wire. Could it be? Does Lucky have impressive psychic powers in addition to her arcane competency? Sure seems like it!

Spleenifer rushes into the flames to scoop up a sickly-looking myconid while a twig-wielding myconid bashes its tiny club against her armor. A cacophony of rapport spores and distress spores swirls through the searing air, keeping the battle yells and moans of the myconids rattling around in the heads of both Spleenifer and Lucky. The sickly myconid Spleenifer saved from the flames pleads to be placed in the shade; the sunlight is too much for the fungal flesh to bear. The twigs of enraged myconids continue beating against Spleenifer's armor as the brightly colored myconids demand their sickly cousins be released and delivered into safety.

Cornelius mentions that he was here to do some science with the myconids. And help them, too, but more importantly: science. His claims are suspect since Cornelius's actions have a habit of causing trouble. So Lucky suggests getting some non-softers to help negotiate a peace treaty between the softers and the myconids. Yep, it's time to bring back the lizard folk!

But first, let's check in on Norm and Daffodil!

The building containing the jail and constable's office is covered in a thick growth that looks like a giant pancake with vines and tendrils creeping ever closer to completely encasing the roof. Norm shouts to Silas and the deputies from outside the building to make sure everyone is still alive. Daffodil, on the other hand, attempts to communicate with the giant fungus. And the fungus responds.

It introduces itself as the Great Fungus, the one that will rebuild the myconid colonies decimated by the dragon and the genie. The Great Fungus discusses life and death and the life that begins anew from the decaying matter of the dead. The sturdy walls of the jail provide support for the Great Fungus's growth, and the soft creatures within the building will provide additional nutrients for the myconid colony to thrive. This wasn't a threat, but a statement of fact.

Daffodil persuades the fungus to release its hold on the building by mentioning that the Great Fungus could be relocated somewhere away from the softer community that would be more conducive to uninterrupted rapid growth. Norm yells to Silas that they have a plan to get everybody out, and Silas mentions that he's also working on his own plan to get out. Silas and the deputies have set fire to the chairs in the office to burn their way through the door.

Such an action threatens the impromptu agreement between Daffodil and the Great Fungus, but Norm is able to fast-talk Silas into abandoning that plan. But the lingering problem is that the fire is still burning inside the constable's office. Through assertive communication and quick thinking, Norm guides Silas into tossing the burning pieces of chairs through the last remaining window without injuring the fungus as it tries to position itself into a nearby wagon for relocation.

While that happens, we zip over to Lucky and Spleenifer dealing with the burning fields. The lizardfolk have arrived on scene with a gaggle of angry myconids trailing behind their ambulatory home. When Lucky asks about the swarm of myconids, Kosja explains that she and Turalisoth were hunting for mushrooms and found a particularly tasty batch. The only problem is that the mushrooms can fight back and now they're angry about one of their cousins being eaten.

It's back on Lucky and Spleenifer to get the Myco-Softer peace accords back on track as Kosja opts to nap on a flame-warmed rock instead of moderating the disagreement. Lucky has an idea about how to solve the problem and crawls under the shade of the lizardfolk's house where the myconids have gathered. She begins drawing a teleportation circle while Spleenifer is left to smooth things over between Cornelius and the angry myconids.

There appear to be two distinct clans of myconids involved in the dispute: the Darkblooms and the Sunspots. The Darkblooms are like most other myconids in that they cannot tolerate sunlight and rapidly deteriorate if they can't find shade. But the Sunspots don't have that vulnerability to sunlight, and they've decided to claim this sun-soaked land as their own. The Sunspots are the first of their clan to be able to survive in the Boiling Lands, and they're angry that the softers haven't done more to help Darkblooms.

Cornelius mentions that he was trying to move the myconids to the shade, and the appearance of sun-tolerant myconids is the reason for his desire to learn more about this particular adaptation. He has no desire to harm the fungal folk, only understand why they suddenly appeared in the fields and why some of them can thrive in the sun.

According to one of the Sunspots, their clan grew beneath the soil of the fields a few days ago. But then one of the softers started a fire in the field, which forced both the Darkblooms and the Sunspots to face the harsh sunlight of the surface world in order to have a chance to stay alive. Spleenifer is able to convince both Cornelius and the Sunspots that Cornelius's science is probably for the best, as long as he doesn't hurt any of the fungal folk. And while the Sunspots have yet to back down from their demands that the softers cede control of the Boiling Lands (Brownstone) to the myconids, the Sunspots offer to function as a tiny militia to guard softers and fungus alike in the meantime. Spleenifer accepts this offer.

By this time, Lucky's finished drawing her teleportation circle under the house. She ushers the collected Darkblooms through the circle and appears alongside the myconids in Yula's empty mansion. Lucky gives the Darkblooms a tour of the mansion and tells them they are welcome to colonize the area to their heart's content (metaphorically speaking, of course, because the presence of myconid cardiovascular systems is hotly contested). The only room that's sort-of off-limits is Yula's litterbox room, and Lucky advises the Darkblooms to stay out because the "sunlight turns on in there."

Just kidding! It has special sand that obliterates living matter, but that's basically the same thing as sunlight to the Darkblooms. And speaking of Yula... In case Yula ever comes back, Lucky plans to set the Darkblooms up with a Sending Stone to let the myconids request backup. As the Darkblooms settle down to recover from their stressful sunny day, Lucky rummages through Yula's storerooms and finds a handful of Scrolls of Teleportation Circle. She bids farewell to the Darkblooms for now and carries the haul of scrolls back through the Teleportation Circle to Brownstone so the Sunspots can visit their cousins in Yula's dark mansion.

Let's change cameras now to Norm and Daffodil. The pair have relocated the Great Fungus into a creaking wagon and freed the constabulary from an unpleasant death. A group of spore-infected townsfolk are shuffling behind a pair of Sunspots, who draw their twiggy weapons to protect the Great Fungus from being defiled by softers. As the group of spore servant townsfolk draws near, Daffodil recognizes the distorted face of Russell Stout underneath the vegetation. The same Russell Stout that was directly responsible for Daffodil getting stuck in Brownstone doing community service.

Daffodil and Norm quickly defuse the Sunspots' aggression by convincing them that the Great Fungus is being voluntarily relocated to a safer spot. The Sunspots and spore servants demand to accompany the Great Fungus to its new destination and hop in the wagon. Norm and Daffodil learn that the spored townsfolk can be returned to normal with the help of the myconids, but they won't help until the Great Fungus is relocated. It's at this time that Lucky and Spleenifer reunite with the party, and everyone sets off for the swamp with a wagon full of fungus.

The party continues westward until they reach the swamp outside of town. Unfortunately for the party, the fungus-ridden black dragon from earlier is still there. It's thrashing about in the water, locked in some sort of invisible struggle. The myconid rapport spores reveal the dragon and and the myconid Sovereign are locked in a battle for control of the dragon's body. If perhaps the Great Fungus could team up with the Sovereign, maybe the myconids would prevail over the dragon? The party decides it's worth a shot, though Lucky needs some clarification as to why the party is relatively calmly discussing dumping fungus on a dragon (since Lucky wasn't with the party the first time the dragon was encountered).

Norm plots a course for the wagon through the soggy soil, but the wagon hits an unstable patch of mud and gets stuck just as the dragon begins spewing corrosive acid all over the place. The Great Fungus is so close to the dragon, but not quite able to reach, so Spleenifer assumes the Lawnmower Position and scrapes her face through the dirt to heave the wagon free! The Great Fungus makes contact with the dragon and fuses with the Sovereign, and they act quickly to render the dragon docile.

The party makes a break for the myconid cave with the spore servant townsfolk in tow, beseeching the aid of the rejuvenated Sporemother. Once the assembled townsfolk are gathered together and standing barefoot on a bed of compost, the Sporemother coaxes the spores out of everybody. Daffodil glares at Russell, who has just been given the awkward honor of being saved by the same person he caused a great deal of legal trouble. As a gesture of thanks for being saved, Daffodil firmly "suggests" to Russell that he collect evidence of his father's corrupt deeds and return the evidence to Daffodil. Russell promises to do his best and to have something to hand off to Daffodil within three days.

While this subterfuge is going on, Norm races back to town to check on Silas and the deputies. He arrives to find Silas in both good health and good spirits. Silas is in good enough spirits that he offers Norm his old job back. Norm accepts, but also warns Silas and the deputies to treat all fungi with respect because there's a peace treaty in the works between the myconids and the townsfolk, but the details are still being hammered out.

And with that, the adventure concludes for the evening. Stay tuned next time for more!

Health Care Review

HEALTH AND DISEASE

The concept of Health is somewhat difficult to understand. When we say a person is healthy, it means to the lay man that the person is normally doing his activities and does not outwardly show any signs of any disease in him. However, for the medical man at walk in clinic Thunder Bay it denotes the conformity to certain standards like physical measurements, biochemical norms and rates, physiological standards, etc. Even these standards vary with race, rest, exercise, food, habits, starvation, climate, altitude, latitude, etc. It has been extremely difficult for scientists concerned with human biology to lay definite criteria for health and define the term Health in a specific manner.

From the history of medicine we know that there have been various systems of medicine or healing arts evolved in different parts of the world during different civilizations. But in no system has there been a clear-cut definition of health.

In the oxford dictionary health means the state of being free from sickness, injury or disease, bodily conditions; something indicating good bodily condition. A few decades ago this meaning was conveyed in the definition of health but recently the World Health Organization have considered it necessary to give a direction towards the achievement of a robust and happy and active bodily and mental condition capable of continuous productive ability and, therefore, have defined health as follows:

"Health is a state of complete physical, mental and social well being and not merely an absence of disease or infirmity." (WHO---1948) it will be seen that even after having this definition it will be difficult to conceptualise and standardise positive health with specific clear-cut attributes and criteria for measurement. A person may be enjoying mental equanimity and enthusiasm for doing anything. He may also be physically able to do any amount of work, but he may be having some minor dysfunction or deficiency or even a mild infection causing a very minor disturbance which however does not upset his normal activities.

For example, Hyper pigmentation on the skin or lack of pigmentation on the skin; angular stomatitis due to B complex deficiency; a ring-worm patch on the skin, etc. In these conditions strictly speaking the person cannot be called 'health' but for outward purpose he will appear healthy and he will also be fully active. Similarly, under the mental component there are ever so many stresses and strains that an individual is exposed to and depending on his own mental make-up he is either able to overcome the strain or suffers from worry and depression. If in spite of his worry he is able to function normally others may take him to be healthy, whereas the worry may normally be making him mentally unsound.

Social well-being is very much related to the mental adjustment of the individual to others around him in the family or in the community. Sometimes it may so happen that a person may find it had to adjust with his group and may, therefore, be under a mental strain. But he may be doing his work normally from which others would judge him to be healthy. It is only if he reaches a break-point and behaves either in a withdrawn manner or becomes aggressive that his mental condition will become manifest to be seen and experienced by others.

We have, therefore, to understand that the term health is not an abstract thing but a relative concept. In it we see a continuum of freedom from sickness to better health and positive health. When we say positive health we refer to a condition in which the body has sufficient reserve nutrition and resistant factors to prevent the invasion of the body by any micro-organism or by the deprivation of any nutritional factors causing a deficiency pathology and, therefore, completely free from disease.

Disease is a little less difficult to define than Health. It denotes the condition of the human body in which something has gone wrong and has upset the Norman functions of the body including the mind. As in health there is also a continuum from a predisposition or premonition of illness which may or may not be experienced or noticed even by the individual concerned, to a definite condition of illness manifested by signs or symptoms and impairment of body functions.

This continuum may further extend from mild sickness to severe sickness and death or recovery from sickness back to a debilitated condition and later to a normal condition.

As has been pointed out in the previous paragraphs the normally of health of person may shift towards positive health depending on the improvement of health by wholesome food, wholesome water proper living conditions, proper work atmosphere, good personal hygiene, etc., or the deterioration of health due to faulty or inadequate food, infection through food, water or air, skin or due to external injuries, accident etc.

For maintenance of good health the following things are essential:

1. Adequate quantities of proper nutrition 2. Adequate quantities of safe drinking water 3. Proper shelter with adequate ventilation and lighting 4. Proper clothing 5. Proper work, exercise and rest and recreation 6. Proper social conditions for a harmonious existence and work 7. Proper security from fear of any kind 8. Proper sexual behavior 9. Personal hygiene 10. Provision and utilization of health services.

Disease can be due to say one or more of the following causes:

1. Genetic traits 2. Congenital deformity or malformation 3. Cancer 4. Malnutrition 5. Poisons

The above are the direct causes.

The science of epidemiology employs various methods and approaches to explore, investigate, identify and establish the cause of disease as against maintenance of health in the individual, in the community and in a geographical area. Modern epidemiology has revealed a multiple causation theory for most of the diseases. The direct or immediate causes may be congenital, traumatic, infection or cancerous growth, etc. But besides these direct causes, many indirect and predisposing causes have been described,

For example, tuberculosis is caused by the tubercule bacilli, called myco bacterium tuberculosis, this is the direct cause. The other causes which predispose a person to the infection by tubercule bacillus may be overcrowding, poor nutrition, bad ventilation, heavy work, fatigue, etc. It may be appreciated that these causes are socio-economic causes. The economic factors arising out of poor means of livelihood, inadequate food, etc., are also inter-related with human and social factors like bad ways of living, customs, habits, beliefs, superstitions, etc. Taking another example, malnutrition may be due to either lack of availability of nutritious food in adequate quantities or the wrong practices of preparation of food in which nutrients may be wasted. The economic factors may be the cause for non-accessibility and the social factors may be the cause of wastage of nutrition even after the food stuffs are available or on the contrary over eating and addiction to alcohol, etc., causing metabolic disorder. In the rural countryside we have a lot of locally available food resources but the habits may be such that the people do not know what can be eaten and how, for deriving nutrition.

The human and social factors are very predominant determinants in any society or community. In affluent countries many of the metabolic diseases like obesity, heart diseases, diseases due to air pollution, etc., are on the increase due to social customs. In the poor countries the large number of communicable diseases and nutritional deficiencies are due to poor sanitation, poor hygiene and low and faulty intake of food. These are again in turn due to economic and social factors.

Study of human behavior is extremely important in public health and in any community oriented programme. The mere opening and establishment of hospitals or clinics or treatment centers by any government or voluntary agencies does not immediately ensure that all the people will use the facilities whenever they fall sick. For a person to seek treatment for a particular illness from a doctor or an institution the following stages of human behavior are expected to take place.

Social psychology has a very prominent place as a diagnostic tool in the beginning of the programme and also as a tool of evaluation where the programme is under progress or at its termination. For example, in the control of Cholera or any gastro enteric infection, it will be futile to introduce any sanitation programme unless the people know the causative factor and the mode of transmission of infection. There may be need to improve the water supply, provide proper excreta disposal, food hygiene and personal hygiene. All these things involve a scientific awareness of the reasoning behind each measure or practice and a change of behavior accordingly.

Organic Fungus Myco Nuker – Full Review

This Organic Fungus Myco Nuker blog is based on the most relevant Mykco Nuker reviews. You will read a part to learn about Organic Fungus’ basics and a section to get insight into the important details that are important at the moment of the purchasing decision.

Myco Nuker is a natural product created by Dr. Ishyguro and includes a refund policy of 60 days. As any high-quality organic supplement (let’s call it “food” as some people do), it has a website that has a call-to-action button to purchase it.

The Key Details

Organic Fungus Myco Nuker works as a supplement of chemical medicines and skin lotions to deal with toenail fungus and general foot care. It shouldn’t be used continuously but only for two weeks if the problem persists.

Here’s how this natural remedy for toenail fungus works:

Starvation phase: It will reduce your appetite. Are you into foods that cause toenail fungus? Maybe you don’t relate this issue to your feeding habits but the truth is that they are truthfully related. If you consume less of that food that causes toenail fungus, you will get better. Myco Nuker has Matcha and Gyokuro which are widely used for green tea.

Elimination Phase: This natural med will make your body fight the fungus accurately and innately. After the intake, your immune system will keep it under control by itself.

Myco Nujer is a supplement that consists of the following ingredients:

Arabinogalactan

Beta-Glucan

Cat’s claw bark

Garlic bulb

Grapeseed

Green tea leaf

Lycopene

Mushroom complex

Panax ginseng

Pine bark

Turmeric rhizome

Vitamin C

Vitamin E

Bonus Items

Report: Benefits and Advantages

When purchasing the Organic Fungus Myco Nuker, you’ll also receive three bonus solutions. The report shows you the good side of consuming these supplements as toenail fungus treatment.

A guide on why having smelly feet report

It’s a small guide on how why should avoid smelly feet. The report gives you tips on how to prevent them.

The “Lazy Man’s One Day Detox” Report

The name speaks for its own. The report includes important information regarding how to banish harmful substances in your bloodstream in a matter of one-two weeks. It also sheds light on the benefits of consuming green formulas to detox the circulation system.

Certainly, you have the option to obtain a VIP wellness mentoring service if you buy a larger amount of Myco Nuker packages. They will keep you updated with Dr. Ishiguro’s research as well as other homeopathic treatments you can use to improve your health.

Added to that, there are many more bonus reports that come with this natural remedy on the Internet.

Main Pros of Myco Nuker

Seems to Be Effective for toenail fungus and other things

According to Myco Nuker reviews, this product is safe. It won’t make you feel seasick, have headaches, stomach upset or whatever. Make sure you consume it under medical supervision just in case. The fungal infection can get worse when caused by diabetes or untreated illness.

It is a remedy for all

Organic Fungus Myco Nuker’s ingredients work as antioxidants that improve cholesterol levels and a heart condition. One of these antioxidants is Lycopene, which reportedly prevents cancer and heart disease.

Good Customer Support

As per most Myco Nuker reviews, they provide hassle-free customer service.

What are Simple Fitness guidelines For Teens?

Myco Nuker No canned or packed food: Fresh foods are invariably tastier and healthier furthermore. They have less salt likewise less hidden sugar and fats. Fresh foods incorperate your fruits, vegetables, beans, wholesome grains too as signs. Even if you like to eat meat, it is alright to consume in moderation as long as it's not fresh. Stick to natural foods, and avoid fried, packed and canned foods. The primary thing you must note if knowing to learn how to gain muscles fast is you will need to overload the home fitness equipment. One big mistake that some people make did the same workout a gym every single day every day, expecting observe results. Kick your core into condition - A camera to minimize your odds of injury a person workout and also during your health called living? The one way to do that is to experience a strong Core set of muscles. Deadlifts strengthen each video which then helps with correct pose.

One common variation numerous people use is to keep their legs extended straight out instead of having them bent. Another benefit of the straight leg variation may be the it can make the sit-up rather easier to do. You now have an overabundance of weight face to face with the body so that if you are lifting your back, your legs will remain on the floor. Are you without doubt one of those frustrated sit-up performers that to be able to doing sit-ups for years but by no means really seen the tight abs that thought you ought to have? Have you ever thought about why will be? It's actually rather simple demonstration. The process of using a sit-up uses the muscle known considering that Psoas your muscle. If ought to want to shed weight and healthy, you can follow my fitness and health suggestions. My tips don't involve taking slimming objects. Following my health fitness tips can allow you long lived results. There are people which relatively healthy but don't exactly have lean, muscular bodies. Every one of them are what we call hard gainers. In the majority of cases hard gainers are people of which are naturally little. They have petite bone structures and do not have a diverse frame commence with with. Basically speaking they are genetically skinny, which is most probably a physical characteristic that runs associated with family. This is not not so great though. In most instances this the hard gainers with lean abs and firm muscles that best. Make sure your training involves lots of push and pull techniques which are just designed to biceps. These exercises apply stress on biceps fiftly lead to muscle mass gain. Bicep exercises should be carried out twice 7 days to get optimal good results. Don't overdo or over learn. A careful and steady regime if adopted will ensure muscle gain. To better develop endurance in your arms and biceps, the should be lightened as well as the number of reps substantial. Next, we are up towards the second last meal. This meal in order to be taken at around 4pm the particular afternoon. Take another 3 eggs by incorporating oatmeal. Oatmeal provides calories without the fats. Make sure to get some low fat oatmeals. Men and women taste good due to your presense of sugar will ruin things for you instead.

3 Methods For Discovering A Quality Pay-roll Software application For Your Firm

Both the winning and also the runner-up New Jersey mottos fail a crucial examination for the effectiveness of a punch line or motto: It should differentiate the business, or in this instance the state, from the majority of or all others. Attempt this out on your own by connecting in names of various other states besides New Jersey - the majority of the moment, the motto comes to be say goodbye to and also no much less pertinent. This suggests the motto could not make an effective instance for the Yard State. Much more candidly, it's primarily hot air.

Currently, allow's claim you intend to develop buzz to ensure that MyCO, your brand-new digital Stock Administration service (and also its brand-new thing, "The Docufab 5000"), could show up huge sufficient to take on the large canine in your area- we'll call them BigCo.

A. The first thing to understand in company is that whatever that happens creates a sheet of paper within 30 secs. If the phone rings we obtain a pink pad, an expense is available in the mail we draw a blank check, if a client calls we get hold of an order form. Whatever creates paper instantaneously. The majority of that paper involves accounting - so you might track the order and also manufacturing cycle of client demand. So.

Docwise Details. A accounting software malaysia supplying documents administration services. Should make even more earnings yet actually, might not transform the leads they had. Went seeking to produce a lot more efficient advertising and marketing yet the evaluation was that the conversion price was also reduced. Within 6 weeks of beginning a training program, their sales had actually boosted by $32,000 without any buck invested in marketing.

As soon as you have some viewpoint, after that you will certainly have to note your firms demands. Exactly how are you at keeping accounts? Could you do better with applications? Many individuals do buy software application to take care of make up them. Specifically when their organisations begin to remove. You possibly can do equally as excellent of a task by yourself however software application will certainly make it go a lot quicker. You need to remember nonetheless, that software program will certainly not require time to find out. Nevertheless, when you have actually grasped it accounting software program could aid you keep an eye on your inbound money as well as outbound at a considerably much faster price compared to if you were to do it on your own.

3) Talking factors. Do your visitors have the discussion indicate highlight the crucial locations of your program? Exists something convincing that needs to be included? Are the speaking factors as well challenging or lengthy?

Each of these concepts offered in this record provides a chance for you to decrease your goods expenses. Supply these tried and tested methods a shot in your company. You will certainly rejoice you did.

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