Helium coin price prediction

Browse the recently posted column to know about this HNT coin's current position and price fluctuation, all at HNT price prediction, so tap here to know more.

HNT Coin Weekly Analysis And Price Prediction

This article will analyze the HNT coin according to coinmarketcap data. First, we will discuss the HNT coin and its projects and make technical and graphic analyses. The analysis we will do in the weekly period will help the investors to take risks and manage their portfolios.

What is HNT Coin?

HNT coin is the native cryptocurrency of the Helium blockchain network, which is a decentralized network for the Internet of Things (IoT) devices. It is an incentive mechanism for network participants who use specialized hotspots to provide wireless coverage and data transfer on the Helium network.

Dividends And Payouts

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Is HNT (Helium poised to go back to $60 price range? First it has to break above $7 and $20 range.

New Post has been published on https://www.ultragamerz.com/is-hnt-helium-poised-to-go-back-to-60-price-range-first-it-has-to-break-above-7-and-20-range/

Is HNT (Helium poised to go back to $60 price range? First it has to break above $7 and $20 range.

Is HNT (Helium poised to go back to $60 range? First it has to break above $7 and $20 range.

Helium Network: A Decentralized Disruptor with Bullish Potential

The Helium Network, a blockchain-powered infrastructure for the Internet of Things (IoT), is revolutionizing connectivity by enabling a global, low-cost, and energy-efficient network built by everyday people. This groundbreaking technology has the potential to change the way we connect devices and unlock a wave of innovative applications.

Transformative Technology:

1. Decentralization: Helium’s decentralized network eliminates the need for centralized infrastructure, empowering individuals to become network providers and earn rewards. This democratizes connectivity and fosters community ownership.

2. Low-Cost: Helium utilizes low-power, long-range radio waves (LoRaWAN), offering a significantly cheaper alternative to traditional cellular networks, making it ideal for resource-constrained IoT devices.

3. Scalability: Helium’s unique architecture allows for unparalleled scalability, enabling millions of devices to connect seamlessly. This paves the way for a massive expansion of the IoT ecosystem.

Competitive Landscape:

Helium faces competition from established giants like Telcos and emerging blockchain-based solutions like IOTA and Chainlink. However, Helium’s unique combination of features offers distinct advantages:

1. First-mover advantage: Helium has established a significant lead in the LoRaWAN market, boasting an extensive network coverage and a large and active community.

2. Tokenomics: Helium’s native token (HNT) incentivizes network participation by rewarding hotspot owners for providing coverage and validating data. This creates a sustainable economic model that drives network growth.

3. Focus on IoT: Helium is specifically designed for the needs of IoT devices, providing features like low power consumption and long-range communication that are crucial for this sector.

Bullish Potential and Price Outlook:

With the rapidly growing IoT market, Helium is poised for significant expansion. This, coupled with its unique technology and tokenomics, suggests a promising future for HNT in a bull market.

Analysts predict that HNT could potentially break the $7 range in 2023 and even approach the $22 area in early 2024. This optimism is driven by factors like:

1. Ecosystem Growth: Helium’s growing ecosystem with projects like Helium Mobile and IOT applications will increase demand for HNT.

2. Network Expansion: As the network expands and becomes denser, the value of HNT could increase due to its role in securing and validating data.

3. Regulatory Clarity: Clearer regulations surrounding cryptocurrencies could attract more investors and further boost HNT’s value.

Ecosystem Coins:

Helium Mobile (HNTM) is a token designed to incentivize mobile network providers within the Helium ecosystem. As mobile network adoption increases, HNTM could also experience significant price growth.

Helium IOT (HIOT) is another token within the Helium ecosystem, focusing on data credits for device usage and communication. As the number of connected devices grows, HIOT could see substantial demand, increasing its price potential.

Helium Network’s innovative technology, coupled with its strong community and growing ecosystem, positions it as a potentially transformative force in the IoT space. With a potential bull market on the horizon, HNT and other ecosystem tokens like HNTM and HIOT could see substantial price appreciation, offering investors exciting opportunities.

Solana Experiences 3% Rise In 24 Hours Is A Bullish Trend Imminent?

Solana Experiences 3% Rise In 24 Hours – Is A Bullish Trend Imminent? https://bitcoinist.com/solana-experiences-3-rise-in-24-hours-is-a-bullish-trend-imminent/ The past week has been bearish for Solana, with the token experiencing a major price correction. However, this was also experienced across the crypto market, with several coins attempting to break key levels to establish bullish momentum. Bitcoin, for example, has experienced a price dip of over 8% in the past four days, dropping from $30,600 to below $27,000 as it struggles to surpass the $30,000 resistance level. With buying pressure mounting, Solana has shown signs of resurgence, as evidenced by the price increase in the past 24 hours.  The token has recovered by 3% during this period, and it is not certain if this indicates a trend reversal into a bullish market. The recent development in the Solana ecosystem shows that the coin could make impressive gains in the coming days.  Related Reading: TikTok Videos On Crypto Investments Highly Misleading, Study Finds Solana Boosted By Helium Migration And Grayscale Adoption  Crypto connectivity project Helium migrated to the Solana blockchain on Tuesday. Developers initiated a 24-hour process to take the Helium blockchain offline and recreate its key metrics on Solana.  Helium’s smart contracts were unusable during this period, and the network was restarted on Wednesday. According to Helium, the migration to Solana aimed to make Helium faster and cheaper.  Previously, Helium had its own custom layer-1 blockchain, which lacked the broad apparel of Solana and Ethereum. Moving to Solana offers Helium a wider audience and a more stable platform, despite the well-publicized outages in Solana’s history. Helium also believes that migrating to Solana also provided Helium with access to a larger pool of developers familiar with Solana’s programming language.  Related Reading: Altcoin Season is Here – The New Crypto Set to Explode Alongside Ethereum in 2023 In addition, Grayscale Investments, the world’s largest digital currency asset manager, revealed this week that the Grayscale Solana Trust had commenced trading in OTC Markets with the symbol GSOL.  Retail investors will be able to buy and sell shares through their investment accounts. The trust is designed to track the price of Solana, so investors can gain exposure to the token without owning it directly.  At the time of writing, the Solana Trust has $2.9 million in SOL and brings Grayscale’s total number of digital currency investment products quoted on OTC Markets to 16.   Solana Price Prediction  SOL has recovered today but is still down about 8.7% in the past week. The asset has risen above the $21 price level and is struggling with the bears. Solana is trading a bullish signal above its 50-day Simple Moving Average (SMA). This provides hope that the token could enter a bullish run long-term.  SOL’s Relative Strength Index (RSI) is 48.86, confirming the slightly bearish trend. The indicator is neutral, reflecting traders’ indecision in today’s market. Looking at the current trend, Solana’s support levels are $20.50 and $20. Also, the resistance levels are $23.20, $23.50, and $24.20. Solana will likely hold within the $21 mark in the short term, and if there’s a bullish momentum, the token could hit $23 before the end of April.  Featured Image from iStock.com, charts from TradingView via Bitcoinist.com https://bitcoinist.com April 23, 2023 at 01:39PM

HNT/USD Ranges; Price Trades at $5.0

HNT/USD Ranges; Price Trades at $5.0

Join Our Telegram channel to stay up to date on breaking news coverage The Helium price prediction reveals that HNT could not climb above the $5.2 level as the coin prepares for a new trend. Helium Prediction Statistics Data: Helium price now – $5.0 Helium market cap – $644.6 million Helium circulating supply – 127.1 million Helium total supply – 223 million Helium Coinmarketcap ranking –…

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Hodler’s Digest, May 29-June 4

Coming every Saturday, Hodler’s Digest will help you track every single important news story that happened this week. The best (and worst) quotes, adoption and regulation highlights, leading coins, predictions and much more — a week on Cointelegraph in one link.

Top Stories This Week

    Fed money printer goes into reverse: What does it mean for crypto?

Over the last two years or so, the United States Federal Reserve has flooded the financial system with excess liquidity — benefiting stocks, crypto and other markets as well. Now, the Fed is going in the opposite direction in order to combat inflation. In addition to raising interest rates, the central bank has begun the process of quantitative tightening (QT). It’s not entirely clear how the crypto markets will respond to the Fed’s QT efforts, but the short-term outlook probably isn’t good for risk assets.

  CFTC sues Gemini claiming crypto exchange lied in futures contract evaluation

United States crypto exchange Gemini faces action from the U.S. Commodity Futures Trading Commission (CFTC) for certain alleged activity dating back to 2017. The CFTC essentially asserts that Gemini acted dishonestly in 2017 during its push to add Bitcoin futures trading contracts to its offerings. The commission claims Gemini was not honest during its evaluation process. 

“Gemini has been a pioneer and proponent of thoughtful regulation since day one,” Gemini told Cointelegraph in response to the lawsuit. “We have an eight year track record of asking for permission, not forgiveness, and always doing the right thing. We look forward to definitively proving this in court.”

    City of Shenzhen airdrops 30M in free digital yuan to stimulate consumer spending

Residents of the city of Shenzhen could receive some of China’s central bank digital currency, the e-CNY, as part of an airdrop. Shenzhen is working with one of China’s top food delivery apps to airdrop a total of 30 million e-CNY in a lottery-style giveaway for certain app users. At least 15,000 in-app merchant portals allow the e-CNY as a form of payment. China has stuck to a strict COVID restriction playbook, leading to economic difficulties. The airdrop is intended to spur consumer spending and reinvigorate the economy.

  South Korean government becomes an early investor in the Metaverse

South Korea has made several crypto-centric headlines in recent weeks, ranging from its interest in crypto regulation to it now investing in the Metaverse. The country plans on putting roughly $177 million toward the Metaverse as part of its “Digital New Deal” program. The money will go into developing a Metaverse platform touting government services for citizens, as well as toward different Metaverse projects. This investment tags South Korea as a global pioneer in terms of government Metaverse interest.

  Japan passes bill to limit stablecoin issuance to banks and trust companies

A new bill from Japan, reportedly going into play in 2023, will only allow licensed banks and registered money transfer agents to issue stablecoins. The regulation aims to provide more protection around stablecoins, given their growing popularity. Japan’s intent to regulate stablecoins comes amid a crypto bear market that has seen declining asset prices and the downfall of a major stablecoin, TerraUSD Classic (USTC).

          Winners and Losers

  At the end of the week, Bitcoin (BTC) is at $29,540, Ether (ETH) at $1,750 and XRP at $0.38. The total market cap is at $1.21 trillion, according to CoinMarketCap.

Among the biggest 100 cryptocurrencies, the top three altcoin gainers of the week are Waves (WAVES) at 114.63%, Cardano (ADA) at 24.19% and Helium (HNT) at 22.49%.  

The top three altcoin losers of the week are Convex Finance (CVX) at -7.51%, Solana (SOL) at -6.93% and 1inch Network (1INCH) at -3.40%.

For more info on crypto prices, make sure to read Cointelegraph’s market analysis.

        Most Memorable Quotations

  “We could actually imagine the entire global economy running on the blockchain like 30 or 50 years from now.”

Marc Andreessen, co-founder of Andreessen Horowitz (a16z)

  “If properly managed, if well managed, I think algorithmic stablecoins in theory should work.”

Changpeng “CZ” Zhao, CEO of Binance

  “How will we ever reduce wealth inequality when our regulatory system has financial discrimination at its core? It’s time to remove the ‘Sophisticated Investor’ discrimination rules that advisors use to hide behind and allow everyone access to financial advice and services.”

Ian Love, CEO and founder of Blockchain Assets

  “We have changed our position on mining, and also permit the use of cryptocurrency in foreign trade and outside the country.”

Ksenia Yudaeva, first deputy governor for the Central Bank of Russia

  “I don’t think we’re living in a single-chain world.”

Brad Garlinghouse, CEO of Ripple Labs

  “There are too many general-purpose blockchains that are effectively competing with Ethereum (and one another) in a race to the bottom on fees. Only so many of them can survive.”

Andrew Levine, CEO of Koinos Group

  Prediction of the Week 

  Bitcoin may hit $14K in 2022 but buying BTC now ‘as good as it gets:’ Analyst

Although Bitcoin charts saw some positive moves during the first part of this week to close out May, June brought back sub-$30,000 price action, based on Cointelegraph’s BTC price index.  

Using former BTC price data as a backdrop in line with Bitcoin’s halving cycle (roughly four years), pseudonymous Twitter user and CryptoQuant contributor Venturefounder suggested the asset could see a macro price bottom in the next half-year. As part of a tweet thread, the analyst said Bitcoin could reach a depth between $14,000 and $21,000. The analysis included parallels to 2018, the focal year of the last crypto bear market. Price action currently lines up with historical Bitcoin cycles.

    FUD of the Week 

Investors dumping on Terra as LUNA 2 tanks 70% in two days

In the aftermath of the Terra ecosystem collapse, Terra 2.0 and its related LUNA 2.0 asset launched on May 28, with the price of token falling sharply after the unveiling. Terraform Labs CEO Do Kwon’s revival plan included distributing LUNA 2.0 to certain participants of the old Terra ecosystem. Roughly a day later, Binance announced that it had completed its first airdrop of the new LUNA tokens to certain users. Between the time of Cointelegraph’s Monday article (linked above), and the writing of the Binance airdrop article on Tuesday, LUNA 2.0 rose in price from $5.71 to $9.25.

  New York State Senate passes Bitcoin mining moratorium

Additional proof-of-work (PoW) mining operations in New York could be put on hold for a two-year period, pending approval from the state’s governor. A bill temporarily banning new PoW mining outfits, as well as license renewal of current players, was passed by the New York State Senate. One exception to the bill, however, is the allowance of fresh PoW mining players that only use renewable energy for their work.

  Former product manager at OpenSea charged with insider trading

Former OpenSea employee Nathaniel Chastain has been charged with insider trading, wire fraud and money laundering. During his time as product manager for the NFT exchange, Chastain allegedly traded numerous NFTs based on non-public knowledge. Claims include that his job allowed him to influence which NFTs the platform’s main page featured, which he then used to his personal advantage. Chastain quit his post at OpenSea after the entity requested his exit as a result of discovering the foul play, according to OpenSea. The development raises questions as to NFTs possibly being tagged as securities.

    Best Cointelegraph Features

You can now clone NFTs as ‘Mimics’: Here’s what that means

“I think I just broke the NFT market.”

Fail better: Scott Melker on defying the odds with crypto trading

“It’s a math game of taking small losses and big wins.”

Anonymous culture in crypto may be losing its relevance

Although anonymous teams have built some of the leading infrastructure in crypto, many new participants in the ecosystem are using their real identities.

      Source link

#ADA #Binance #Blockchain #BNB #Cardano #Crypto #CryptoExchange #CryptoNews #RippleNetwork #TraedndingCrypto #XRP

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what does stop being babies about thz computing entail?

[this is what the refrance]

Thomas Sterling has two main bugbears, one is his own baby, the Beowulf Cluster, and the other is the Von Neumann Architecture.

On the easier side, there's the Von Neumann Architecture, which is a way of thinking about how a computer accesses programs and memory, and it basically hasn't been true for a decade now. In theory, a computer has memory which is used for both instructions and data. In real life, modern computers are magic plinko machines of data where things are computed out of order and backwards wherever it might provide a tiny speedup, but before the programmer sees any of this tiny hypervisors grab all this data and reshuffle it so that the external interface to how we program computers hasn't really changed since the days of the PDP-11.

Sterling thinks that if we were willing to totally redesign computers to allow simultaneous manipulation of data and code, moving main memory into the processor, as well as integrating the specialty features modern processors use internally for speedup, plus your own dedicated specialty instructions for high performance single-chip compute, we could dramatically improve performance and chip speed by reducing memory wait time and improving memory bandwidth. Redesigning the entire chip architecture to take advantage of modern compute techniques would allow chips to run much, much faster, but requires you to stop being a baby about it.

Far more wacky though, is his idea to redesign the way HPC systems work. I'm going to reference this older talk a bit because I can't find a free access copy of his newer shit. Way back before the 90's supercomputers existed as hyper-specialized custom built deals by Cray or IBM that cost millions of dollars. Then, Thomas Sterling comes along, and invents the Beowulf cluster. In this, you just buy a bunch of cheap off-the-shelf PC's, network them together with high end consumer network gear, and write some very clever job allocation and parallelization code to break up jobs across the cluster. Bam, you now have something that is as fast as the supercomputers aerospace engineering and oil and gas companies were using around the same time for less than a tenth of the price.

Everyone went, predictably, apeshit over this. They replaced their million-dollar cray system with a thousand e-machines crammed into a closet somewhere and this kicked off the modern field of high performance computing, which is defined by this style of cluster networking.

Over the years, though, we started to specialize. Now you have high performance networking made specifically for datacenters, high reliability and core density servers, and as we've gotten closer and closer to the limits of conventional computing, it's harder to scale out compute without running into awkward limits. If you have too many nodes it becomes difficult to efficiently scale your system, breaking up and reassembling tasks takes too long. Cramming more power into each node makes everything hot, and that means you need more cooling, as seen in the rise of liquid cooling for the datacenter in the past five years. You need faster networks for these computers to interact without waiting on each other, so we get PCIe Over Fabric. And you run into the above Von Neumann bottleneck! So what can you do.

In Sterling's opinion, you redesign the computer into a terahertz-processor memory-on-chip system linked by fibre optics and cooled by a constant liquid-nitrogen liquid-helium loop. This design is completely unlike anything today that exists outside of his company labs, as far as I'm aware. I'm sure there's a few clones in some secret government labs.

The idea here is that you can reduce power consumption by consolidating everything onto one chip, using far fewer duplicate systems that run extremely fast, and linking everything with asynchronous optical networking. Usually that would come with untenable increases in power density, but helium cooling can deal with kilowatt chips just fine, so while your power per-chip goes up, overall system power goes down, as well as reducing datacenter footprint. But it requires you to commit to building an insane helium cooled custom processor with on-chip optics, which requires you to stop being a baby about it.

where do killjoys get their gasoline? Does battery city even have cars anymore??

At Dead Pegasus gas stations, of course! By all means they are abandoned and if one looks a tad bit too much like one of Tommy’s storefronts then that only ever means some ‘crow got lazy and tried to get some easy kills to meet their quota. Still, they never refill the oil pumps, but they work just fine anyways. 

There’s a lot of rumors going around that it’s because the bombs created a crack in an oil pocket or that it’s ran by ghosts and you’re going to crash if you don’t pay up a fair price at the counter. Regardless of what the truth actually is, motorbabies, tumbleweeds and even beta bugs know better than to question why it still works. Always count your eggs when they’re in the basket or something.

The answer to the second question depends. They have patrol cars, which are semi-electric, and those get stolen a whole bunch, so there’s quite a few going around the Zones and Lobby, but the average Better Living citizens is prohibited from owning personal vehicles due to the ETHER Act (“Environment, Technology and Hazard Exposure Reduction” Act) passing in november 2004, post-Helium War. It’s some bullshit clause that’s using the pretext of individual carbon footprint to keep citizens within the City while also trying not to ring any alarm bells that they’re a company getting weirdly involved into politics.

No one could’ve predicted them overtaking the government in 2-ish years from then. Not at all /s

Helium Price Prediction 2021-2022 🌀 HNT Price Prediction 2021-2025 🌀🌀🌀

Helium Balloons Malaysia

Balloons and parties are like cake and cream, they just go together. Balloons add happiness and joy to every occasion. No celebration that is really complete without balloons. While balloons can instantly liven up most locations, they can also be a bit predictable. You can change that now by replacing normal balloons with floating helium balloons.

We are all familiar with the sight of a helium balloon floating on its string. It gives delight to children and even adults. There is just something rather impressive about a balloon drifting up and up into the sky, making its escape from a small careless hand and the Earth’s gravity. We may be familiar with the helium balloon, but do you know what is it about helium balloons that causes it to rise up against the gravitational pull? Well helium filled balloons float because helium is lighter than nitrogen and oxygen, the two components of air.

 Nowadays people usually go for helium balloons rather than the normal air filled balloons. People just find helium balloons rather fascinating! If you buy one at the circus or fair, you can hold its string and it will ride along above you. If you let go of the string, it will fly away until you can't see it anymore. The thing about Helium balloons is whether tied to a weight, arranged in a bouquet, or even just left to float to the ceiling or sky it looks quite striking and also adds up a whole new look to your event.

 Whether it’s a birthday party theme helium balloon decoration, a formal event helium balloon bouquet or even a surprise helium balloon box for your someone special, www.wonderballoons.com.my is one of the best wholesale Helium balloons seller in Malaysia.

 Balloons make a great impact, no matter what the occasion or event. Are you planning the birthday party for your kids, a house-warming party, or even just a simple seminar or workshop can be made more memorable and exciting with just a couple of balloons and of course helium balloons will take it to a whole new level.

And while air filled balloons last for a couple of weeks, helium filled latex balloons last about 7-8 hours, the ones filled with protective gel last more than that. And of course foil balloons can last up to 5 – 7 days.

Ever wondered why we usually celebrate with balloons? Maybe it’s just because they’re cheap and colorful, and people like watching things fly away. Balloons in their various forms were first actually invented for use in military communications, scientific experiments, and transportation, and such but it wasn’t long before people began to have fun with them. Making them a sign of delight and happiness and a must at almost every event no matter what the occasion.

Wonder Balloons is a balloon supplier in Malaysia that with many other balloon decoration services and packages, also offer a wide variety of helium balloon designs, materials types, sizes, arrangements and colors to choose from at wholesale prices. And provide delivery services across Malaysia.

At www.wonderballoons.com.my find the perfect foil or latex party balloons and balloon bouquets for your event to make it a memorable celebration.  They even offer customizable balloons and balloon printing services, to make your even more remarkable with custom helium balloons.

And Helium balloons don’t just add up a lively touch up to your events it’s also is a great advertisement item. Among creative posters and banners on road, a big floating helium balloon would definitely be more attractive and attention catching. So, get your brand or business advertisement printed on a helium balloon of whatever design, size and type you wish, at Wonder Balloons site or at the shop.

Not only that but you can even make your business and shops grand openings and other such ceremonies much more impressive and outstanding in people’s memories by balloon arches and columns. And free handouts of helium balloons tried to weights with your company’s advertisement will instantly level up the whole event.

Have you ever found it hard to explain what kind of decoration you would like to the event arranger; can you not really get on the same terms with your event planner about the deco of your event or do you just have an event you wish to decorate yourself and are looking for the right items and supplies? Well at www.wonderballoons.com.my you can find almost everything you need to DIY decorate your event beautifully according to your wishes at a very affordable and wholesale price. From easy to use and portable helium gas tanks, balloons, weights, ribbons, balloon accessories, foil balloons to so much more and with delivery service across Malaysia at your doorstep. Decorating your own event however you wish it to be like has never been easier!

More Thoughts on Planet Trade

I started thinking about the logistics of finding and selling planets in an interstellar civilization, so I thought I should write some of this out. 

I wrote a little about what it’s like to buy a planet in my fanfic (Luffa #52, if you’re interested), and I got to thinking about what makes a planet more valuable than another, because I wanted this one to be relatively inexpensive.  So I made it hard to get to, and I made it unexceptional in natural resources, and I made the climate a little too harsh to qualify as a “paradise planet”.   I guess I sort of had my hometown in mind when I came up with the terrain.   Yeah, you could live in Downstate Illinois, but would you want to buy a whole planet of it?   Would you ever use it if it took three weeks to get there?

That got me thinking of how all these details get established before the planet goes to market.   Someone has to find out what kind of minerals are on the planet, and how nice the weather is, and so on.   And this reminded me of how exoplanets are being studied in the real world. 

When I was a kid, nobody had any idea if there were planets outside of our own solar system or not.  You could look at stars through a telescope, but any planets orbiting them would be too tiny and too dim to see.   The starlight would be too bright for a planet to be visible.   So astronomers turned all that starlight to their advantage, and started looking for changes in the light that would indicate the presence of a planet.  For example, when a planet passes in front of its star, the light that normally reaches our telescopes would get slightly dimmer.  This change would happen every time the planet completes an orbit, so it would be predictable and repeatable.  

The technique I always heard about growing up was looking for a star’s “wobble”.   Stars without planets move around the galaxy in a fairly straight line, but stars with with planets would be affected by their planets’ gravity, and follow this kind of sine wave pattern along the path they would normally take.  The Earth and the Moon do this as we orbit around the sun, but the wobble is more pronounced because the Earth and Moon are closer together in size.   The Earth (and all the other planets, moons, etc.) exert a gravitational pull on the sun, but it’s pretty miniscule compared to the reverse.   So the wobble effect on a star can be very small, but it still present whenever there’s a planet.   The result of this wobble is that the star’s distance from the Earth changes as it orbits its planet, and this slight change in distance can be detected by the Doppler shift of the light it sends to the Earth.  

There are other methods of finding exoplanets, but I think these two get the general idea across.   In both cases, it’s a lot easier to find big planets orbiting little stars, which is probably why the first confirmed exoplanets were so huge.   These were called “Hot Jupiters”, because they were at least as big as Jupiter, and they orbited really close to their parent stars.    Maybe the closeness made them easier to discover too, I’m not sure.   Over the last twenty years or so, astronomers have refined their methods, and now there’s thousands of confirmed exoplanets out there, many of them comparable in size to the Earth. 

Apparently, real-world astronomers can get a lot of information through spectroscopic means.  The exoplanet HD 209458 b has sodium in its outer atmosphere, which was observed using the Hubble Telescope.  I don’t know exactly how that was determined, but I know a thing or two about sodium, and it strongly absorbs light at two particular wavelengths that correspond to yellow.  When HD 209458 b passes in front of its star, some starlight would still pass through the upper atmosphere on the edge of the planet’s disk.  But the sodium in it would absorb those two wavelengths of yellow light, so when an astronomer looks at the spectrum of light coming from the star, they’d see less signal where those wavelengths would be.   You can detect other chemical elements the same way, but sodium’s absorption spectrum is very distinctive and so I’m not too surprised this was the first one to be found on an exoplanet.

What I’m getting at is that you can probably figure out a lot about a distant planet without actually going anywhere.   If you can measure a planet’s diameter and mass, you can calculate its density, and use this information to deduce its composition.  Gilese 436b is thought to have a helium atmosphere because its density and other information seems to support the possibility.   It’s safe to assume that if 21st Century Earth can figure that out remotely, an advanced, spacefaring civilization could make an even more conclusive determination.   So if you have a client who wants a source of cheap helium, you could find a helium planet and sell him the coordinates along with a certificate of analysis for the atmosphere.  Pretty easy money, assuming you’ve got the telescopes and a staff that knows how to use them. 

But what if there’s something more valuable on that planet, and your astronomy team couldn’t catch it?   It seems to me that the only way to be sure is to send an exploration team to do a survey.   The cheapest option would be to do it all from orbit.   Maybe a small starship, or even an unmanned probe if you really want to keep costs down.   This would fill in a lot of details, and probably bring to light potential problems like unstable weather, indigenous life, Lovecraftian horrors, etc.   Still, you’d have a hard time selling a planet as living space if you haven’t actually been there.   The surest route is to send down a landing party and conduct an extensive surveys of the surface.    Are there space germs?   Will the apples burn your mouth like Ensign Chekov in that one episode of Star Trek?   How much gold is in the crust?  How much background radiation?   Some of these questions would take a long time to answer, and that’s when I figured out that the planet trade is as much about information as property. 

I suppose that’s true about any real estate transaction.  You don’t want to buy land and then find out it’s not as good as you were led to believe.  Similarly, you don’t want to sell land and find out it you undervalued it.    But in space, the stakes are much higher, because you’re not just selling land, you’re selling entire atmospheres and ecosystems and geologies.   The buyer and the seller want to know as much as possible to minimize risk, but that information comes at a steep price.  You’d need a rare breed of explorer to go to an unknown planet and study it up close without knowing for sure what they’ll find, and they wouldn’t work for cheap.  Plus, the whole time you’ve got that guy poking rocks on Planet A, you can’t send him to check out Planet B.  You might sell B at a loss, only for your explorer to come back and declare A to be worthless, and now you’re really screwed. 

In that light, I can see why someone like Frieza got into this sort of business.   A lot of planet traders probably go broke after a few rounds of bad luck.  The lucky ones manage to succeed enough times to expand their business, and maybe some of them break a few laws to make their own luck.  This could be anything from falsifying a survey report to full-on extortion.  The richest planet traders could hire the best explorers, hardy aliens who can survive the harshest environments and come back alive.   The richest of the rich can hire lots of guys like that, and use them to explore multiple planets at the same time, making them even richer.   So they hire even more hardy aliens to work for them, and after a while they stop looking like survey crews and start looking a lot like a private army.

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