#Gerald Ford Presidential Library and Museum
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Over the years, Ford’s attention to the residents of the Fifth District has bordered on the pastoral. When, early in his Congressional career, a visiting member of the Daughters of the American Revolution fell on a Washington street corner and broke her ankle, no one knew how she was going to get back to Michigan, until Ford offered to drive her there himself. A quarter century later, he still insists that every letter addressed to him receive a personal response, within twenty-four hours if possible. This includes high school debaters researching their topic, candidates for a small business loan and the female traveler who desires an introduction to officials at the U.S. embassy in London so “she won’t be lonely on Thanksgiving Day.” Following a rash of UFO sightings in Southern Michigan, Ford was showered with letters and telegrams demanding a federal investigation. He duly complied, even while acknowledging doubts about “planet people” possessed of the antigravity secret roaming the universe at fifty thousand miles per hour.
Ford’s Capitol Hill office opens at seven a.m., two hours ahead of his colleagues. “We campaign 365 days a year,” he reminds his staff. As a result, scarcely a birthday, wedding, obituary, civic award or graduating class in West Michigan goes unrecognized by the United States Congress. An elderly couple, otherwise unknown to their Congressman, is nevertheless touched to receive anniversary greetings under his signature. Years later, on learning that the wife is in a nursing home, close to death, Ford drops by for a consoling visit. “The strongest weapon in a political campaign is the good credited to you by word of mouth” -- this Ford credo goes a long way toward explaining him and the Congressional mindset he personifies. By stressing individual contacts over ideological mandates, Ford defines leadership in transactional terms, constituent service on a grand scale. His is a vision of government suspicious of visionaries. When asked the secret of his political success, Ford reveals more than he perhaps intends by replying, “I made everyone else’s problems my problems.”
-- Richard Norton Smith, on Gerald Ford’s devotion to his constituents during his nearly quarter-century of service representing Michigan in the U.S. House of Representatives.
Smith’s new book, An Ordinary Man: The Surprising Life and Historic Presidency of Gerald R. Ford [BOOK | KINDLE], is the definitive biography ever written about President Ford and is available now.
#History#Presidents#Gerald Ford#Gerald R. Ford#President Ford#Ford Administration#Richard Norton Smith#An Ordinary Man#An Ordinary Man: The Surprising Life and Historic President of Gerald R. Ford#Congress#U.S. House of Representatives#Jerry Ford#Harper Books#HarperCollins#Gerald R. Ford Library#Gerald R. Ford Presidential Museum#Politics#Presidential History#Books#Book Suggestions#Book Recommendations#Political Biographies
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1976 Presidential Election an online exhibit
The American nation had never faced a presidential election quite like the one in 1976!
Click through the NEW online exhibit highlighting the holdings of the Gerald R. Ford Presidential Library and Museum focusing on the 1976 Republican primary race and subsequent presidential election.
https://www.fordlibrarymuseum.gov/.../1976elec.../index.html
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Image Gallery: The US Presidents and the Shah of Iran: A Strategic Partnership
Explore a gallery capturing the close ties between the last Shah of Iran and six U.S. Presidents over a span of three decades.
— July 25, 2022
Mohammad Reza Pahlavi, also known as Mohammad Reza Shah, the last Shah of Iran, courted a very close relationship with the United States and its leaders for almost three decades.
The American Central Intelligence Agency (CIA) and British Secret Intelligence Service (SIS) developed a secret plan to overthrow the then-democratically-elected Iranian Prime Minister Mohammad Mosaddegh. Code-named Operation Ajax, the CIA carried out the plan in August 1953 and put the Shah in control of Iran. The Shah maintained a close strategic relationship with the United States and its presidents for the next 26 years, until the Shah’s overthrow in the Iranian Revolution in 1979.
Top: President Eisenhower and Mrs. Eisenhower welcome the Shah and his wife, Queen Soraya, for lunch at the White House on December 14, 1954, just one year after the 1953 coup. Credit: Getty Images Bottom: The Shah of Iran and President Eisenhower drive through cheering crowds in Tehran on their way to the Shah's marble palace on December 14, 1959. Credit: Associated Press
Top: President John F. Kennedy and the Shah of Iran arrive at a U.S. military training facility in North Carolina on April 14, 1962, to view a demonstration of Navy and Marine Corps amphibious landing operations. Credit: JFK Presidential Library and Museum Bottom: The Shah of Iran with his wife, the Empress Farah Pahlavi, arrive at the White House for a state dinner in their honor on April 11, 1962. (L-R) First Lady Jacqueline Kennedy, Shah Pahlavi, the Empress Pahlavi, and President John F. Kennedy. Credit: JFK Public Library and Museum
During a state visit on June 5, 1964, the Shah of Iran posed with President Lyndon Baines Johnson outside the White House, Washington D.C. Credit: Library of Congress
The U.S. Information Agency created this propaganda poster of the Shah of Iran and President Johnson for international distribution between 1950 and 1965. Credit: National Archives and Records Administration
President Richard Nixon hosted the Shah of Iran at the White House in October 1969. Credit: Wikimedia
President Richard Nixon and the Shah of Iran met in the Oval office for almost two hours on July 24, 1973. Credit: Richard Nixon Presidential Library and Museum
President Gerald Ford and the Shah of Iran reviewed troops on the South Lawn of the White House on May 15, 1975. Credit: National Archives and Records Administration
On May 15, 1975 President Gerald Ford and the Shah of Iran look at charts from the USS Mayaquez military operation conducted earlier in the month. Credit: National Archives and Records Administration
President Jimmy Carter welcomes the Shah on his twelfth visit to the U.S. on November 15, 1977. Beyond the White House gates, police forces released tear gas to dispel pro-Shah and anti-Shah demonstrators. President Carter continued his welcome address even as the assembled, the Shah included, wiped away tears. Credit: Getty Images
President Carter and the Shah perform a ceremonial inspection of the troops during a welcoming ceremony for the Shah on November 15, 1977. Just fourteen months later, the Iranian Revolution would force the Shah into exile. Credit: National Archives and Records Administration
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Josh Marshall at Talking Points Memo cuts through the bullshit.
The US should have left Afghanistan no more than 18 months after the initial invasion. Instead we’ve been there for 238 months and did not basically change things in the 220 month difference.
It probably made most sense to leave Afghanistan in 2002 or 2003. The Taliban were roundly unpopular by the time the US military and mostly its local allies had driven them off. A critical, critical decision was made in late 2002 both to remain in Afghanistan but move it to the backburner as we launched on to our folly in Iraq.
All the histrionics by pundits and the hypocritical criticism by Trump Republicans won’t change the fact that Biden made the only possible reality-based decision. You’ll never hear the expression “reality-based” used in connection with Donald Trump.
To the extent there’s a political strategy for the President, it’s to stick to his guns. It would be a grave political mistake to begin handwringing over the fall of Kabul or second-guessing the decision. It’s done. If nothing else, Lake and his cohort are right: Biden owns the decision. He needs to combat overheated insider DC nonsense like this. Since it was the right decision he should not run away from it. It’s sad to see what it is happening, he should say. But after 20 years of support, it was time for the Afghans to stand on their own.
[ ... ]
However ugly the denouement, Biden understood the reality of the situation better than his military advisors. He was and is more in line with US popular opinion which long ago soured on our perpetual occupation of Afghanistan. Whether they will reward him or punish him for following through on that judgment I can’t say. But the best way to ensure the former outcome is to be clear, direct: After 20 years it was up to the Afghans to decide their own future. This is a fight for Afghans, not another generation of American boys. A perpetual deployment was not in the security interests of the United States.
Also, the over the top kvetching about comparisons to “the fall of Saigon in 1975″ forgets one thing: It had approximately ZERO effect on the 1976 election.
I read the transcripts of the three 1976 presidential debates. Nobody even brought up the fall of Saigon. See for yourself...
23 September 1976 – 1st Ford-Carter debate
06 October 1976 – 2nd Ford-Carter debate
22 October 1976 – 3rd Ford-Carter debate
The closest thing was when journalist Henry Trewhitt mentions “lost the first war in Vietnam" in the context of various Cold War events.
Unless there’s some unexpected disaster there in the next few days, voters won’t care any more about the fall of Kabul in 2022 (or 2024) than they did about the 1975 fall of Saigon in 1976.
BONUS LINK: The famous staircase to the top of the old US embassy in Saigon now resides at the Gerald R. Ford Presidential Library and Museum in Grand Rapids, Michigan. If President Ford felt sensitive about such a reminder of the fall of Saigon he would have rejected it when the government of Vietnam offered to donate it in the 1990s. You can see the exhibit with the staircase at the museum’s official Tumblr.
#afghanistan#george w. bush administration#donald trump#fall of kabul#taliban#fall of saigon#gerald ford#election 1976#joe biden#josh marshall
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Nothing says Christmas like fresh baked ornaments straight out of the archives catalog. Archives Technician Aaron located a delightful holiday picture with Betty Ford and her daughter Susan transforming cookies into Christmas ornaments. It seems once the cookies are out of the oven they are decorated and they go straight to the White House tree. I remember when I was a young sprout baking and decorating cookies for the tree. I also remember they had a special coating to make them last for years. Did you have a similar holiday tradition?
For more information about the Gerald Ford Presidency check out the Ford Presidential library and museum. https://www.fordlibrarymuseum.gov/
Series: Gerald R. Ford White House Photographs, 8/9/1974 - 1/20/1977 Collection: White House Photographic Office Collection (Ford Administration), 12/6/1973 - 1/20/1977. (National Archives Identifier 6829629)
#ArchivesHashtagParty#ArchivesBakeOff#Christmas#cookies#ornaments#Betty Ford#Susan Ford#Gerald Ford#White House
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The National Archives celebrates the 243rd anniversary of the adoption of the Declaration of Independence with special events in Washington, DC, and at many of our Presidential Libraries nationwide:
Herbert Hoover Presidential Library and Museum, West Branch, IA
The library will hold a reading of the Declaration of Independence, along with a free concert by the Eastern Iowa Brass Band at 2 p.m.
Dwight D. Eisenhower Presidential Library and Museum, Abilene, KS
Watch the Washington, DC, Declaration of Independence Reading Ceremony in the Visitors Center Auditorium at 10 a.m. The first 100 attendees will receive a free fan!
John F. Kennedy Presidential Library and Museum, Boston, MA
The museum will be open from 9 a.m. to 5 p.m., and will offer free admission to all members of the active military.
Lyndon Baines Johnson Presidential Library and Museum, Austin, TX
The museum willl be open from 9 a.m. to 5 p.m., with free museum admission for all on July 4.
Richard Nixon Presidential Library and Museum, Yorba Linda, CA
Witness history with Revolutionary War encampments and battle skirmishes. Talk with historical reenactors including George Washington, John Adams, Thomas Paine, Betsy Ross, General Charles Cornwallis, and Benjamin Franklin. Special patriotic performance by the Placentia Symphonic Band.
Gerald R. Ford Presidential Museum, Grand Rapids, MI
See the broadcast of the Washington, DC, Declaration of Independence Reading Ceremony in the theater.
Ronald Reagan Presidential Library and Museum, Simi Valley, CA
Participate in family-fun activities, including patriotic concerts, entertainment, games, crafts, and more. All outdoor activities are free; regular admission rates for the Presidential Museum, Air Force One Pavilion, and our blockbuster special exhibit, "The World of da Vinci."
George Bush Presidential Library and Museum, College Station, TX
The library will show a live broadcast of the Washington, DC, Declaration of Independence Reading Ceremony at 10 a.m.
George W. Bush Presidential Library and Museum, Dallas, TX
The library will broadcast the Washington, DC, Declaration of Independence Reading Ceremony in the classroom at 10 a.m. There will also be an opportunity to write letters to our troops overseas.
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Abraham Lincoln Presidential Library and Museum
Este museu foi inaugurado em 2005 e é o mais frequentado dos museus e bibliotecas presidenciais. Os outros desses museus fazem referência à: Herbert Hoover, Franklin D. Roosevelt, Harry S. Truman, Dwight D. Eisenhower, John F. Kennedy, Lyndon Baines Johnson, Richard Nixon, Gerald R. Ford, Jimmy Carter, Ronald Reagan, George Bush, William J. Clinton, George W. Bush e Barack Obama.
Projetado, criado e produzido pela BRC Imaginations Arts para a Agência de Preservação Histórica de Illinois, sua construção inclui arquivo, museu e biblioteca. Possui tecnologias com as quais os visitantes podem interagir e conta a história de Lincoln desde sua infância até a morte. Há um salão principal que dá acesso às nove galerias, incluindo restaurante, loja de presentes, teatro e as exposições em si. Uma das galerias é exclusiva para a apresentação dos objetos históricos que pertenceram ao presidente.
A biblioteca armazena os arquivos da antiga Biblioteca Histórica do Estado de Illinois, com 12 milhões de livros, documentos e artefatos, dos quais 47 mil são artefatos da Coleção Lincoln, incluindo os originais da Proclamação de Emancipação e do Discurso de Gettysburg.
O Abraham Lincoln Presidential Library and Museum fica localizado em Illinois e está aberto ao público das 09:00 às 17:00 todos os dias, exceto no Ano Novo, Dia de Ação de Graças e Natal. A venda dos tickets de entrada acabam às 16:00. A Biblioteca funciona nos mesmos horários e dias para o público em geral, contudo, para pesquisas, fica aberta de segunda a sexta das 09:00 às 16:30, no sábado das 09:00 às 15:30 e fechada aos domingos.
Para mais informações, visite a página oficial do museu no Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/Lincoln.Museum/
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Happy 100th, Betty Ford! 4/8/1918 - 7/8/2011
First Lady Betty Ford Dancing on the Cabinet Room Table, 1/19/1977
Series: Gerald R. Ford White House Photographs, 8/9/1974 - 1/20/1977
Collection: White House Photographic Office Collection (Ford Administration), 12/6/1973 - 1/20/1977 (holdings of @fordlibrarymuseum )
First Lady Betty Ford was born Elizabeth Anne “Betty” Bloomer in Chicago on April 8, 1918. Raised in Grand Rapids Michigan, she developed an early passion in dance. She married Gerald Ford in 1948, two weeks before Ford was elected to his first term in Congress. Betty was thrust into the spotlight when her husband became Vice President in 1973 and then President on August 9, 1974. As First Lady, she became known for her openness and candor. After undergoing a mastectomy in September 1974 she purposefully discussed her breast cancer diagnosis to raise public awareness of screening and treatment options. She also addressed many issues that were important to her, including support for the arts, programs for handicapped children, and women’s rights, particularly the ratification of the Equal Rights Amendment.
Throughout the year, the National Archives will feature programming in celebration of Betty Ford. This special programming includes teacher/student outreach, social media initiatives, and special programs and exhibits at the National Archives in Washington, DC as well as the Gerald R. Ford Presidential Library and Museum: Betty Ford Centennial
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A wintry scene downtown Grand Rapids
standing for something in this world usually meets with opposition. and it matters what we are standing (or sitting) for.
this world is a difference of opinion.
but Love knows right from wrong. it understands good vs. evil behavior. it tells truth while others tell lies.
Love illuminates the heart, even to give it a new True nature.
(A metamorphosis)
and we have been given the right to choose, between what is pure, or not. and to deal with the consequences.
@OnTheGoGR
Happy Birthday to Rosa Parks and Happy Transit Equity Day to all!
We would like to honor Rosa Parks' enduring legacy by remembering all she did for transportation and people, in Michigan and around the world.
For more please visit: http://equitytransit.org
#RosaParks
2.4.22 • 11:30am • Twitter
A letter tweeted Today from the Gerald R. Ford Presidential Library
the Gerald R. Ford Presidential Museum rests along the banks of the Grand River downtown Grand Rapids, Michigan
@Ford_Library
"...I have never told you that I treasure my friendship with you very much. ...too often we fail to tell our friends that we really care about them and we are grateful to them." George Bush sent this thoughtful letter to his #ArchivesBFF Gerald Ford in 1996.
2.4.22 • 2:59pm • Twitter
writing can be a kind way to communicate with a friend.
A post by John Parsons about a True act of metamorphosis:
Our Lord taught that teshuvah (תְּשׁוּבָה), or "repentance," is more like spiritual rebirth than moral reformation: "Unless you are born from above (ἄνωθεν), you cannot see the kingdom of God" (John 3:3). This implies that we experience a radical shift in the way we "live and move and have our being" (Acts 17:28). The Greek word metanoia (μετάνοια) comes from a verb that means more than simply "changing your mind," but rather refers to the process of being transformed, or "metamorphosized," into a new kind of being -- like a worm that is changed into a butterfly that takes to the bright sky. Teshuvah, then, means turning (i.e., shuv: שׁוּב) to receive your new identity, your new life, in Messiah. To "repent" is to escape from the default mode of life to enter into a new realm of existence itself. It is an abandonment of the old life and nature – those self-serving assumptions driven by fear – so that we can walk in wonder and newness of life. So renew your minds, chaverim! Be young and tender at heart. Though the outer may self waste away, the inner self empowered and sustained for this very day and hour. Shabbat Shalom! [Hebrew for Christians]
2.4.22 • Facebook
we cannot hold on to the old ways. we must let go of the past (tense)
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Can you recommend any active history blogs?
I don't follow all that many blogs, so I'm sure some of my readers can share their recommendations in the replies. Of the blogs that I do follow, here are a few activate sites that regularly update with some great material:
•The Richard Nixon Presidential Library and Museum (@richardnixonlibrary)
•The California State Library (@californiastatelibrary)
•The Franklin D. Roosevelt Presidential Library (@fdrlibrary)
•Today's Document from the National Archives (@todaysdocument)
•The National Archives (@usnatarchives)
I really wish that the LBJ Library (@lbjlibrary) still updated their Tumblr regularly because they used to post some interesting stuff. The Gerald R. Ford Presidential Library and Museum (@fordlibrarymuseum) has also been inactive for a few months, but they were one of my favorite things to see on my dashboard when they posted regularly. A few years ago, the National Archives actually started an awesome Tumblr called Our Presidents (@ourpresidents) that was like the mothership for all of the other Presidential Library blogs in the NARA's Presidential Library system. It was a GREAT idea and one of my favorite blogs, but it just stopped posting a couple years ago. I wish they would get that one going again. I think those inactive sites still have their old posts and archives available, so you can still go back and see what we're missing.
Like I said, I'm sure some of my readers have better suggestions than I do about this that they can share in the replies, so what are some of your favorite history blogs?
#History#Presidential History#National Archives and Records Administration#National Archives#NARA#Presidential Libraries#Presidential Library System#History Blogs#Nixon Library#Richard Nixon Presidential Library and Museum#California State Library#Franklin D. Roosevelt Presidential Library#FDR Library#Today's Document#LBJ Library#Gerald R. Ford Presidential Library and Museum#Our Presidents
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The Ford Museum opened its doors to the public 40 years ago in 1981. Grand Rapids held a week-long “Celebration on the Grand” leading up to the dedication ceremony on September 18, 1981. The festivities included music, hot air balloon races, a fishing contest, parades, fireworks, and the taping of a Bob Hope television special.
The dedication ceremony brought many national and international leaders to Grand Rapids. Both President Ronald Reagan and Vice President George H. W. Bush gave remarks at the ceremony, as well as Valery Giscard d'Estaing, former President of France; Sunao Sonoda, Minister for Foreign Affairs for Japan; Pierre Trudeau, Prime Minister of Canada; and Jose Lopez Portillo, President of Mexico. Lady Bird Johnson also attended the ceremony.
“It is my hope, and Betty's, that all our good friends who have helped to complete this magnificent structure, and fill it with a portion of America's past, will not regard this day as an end but rather as a beginning,” President Ford said in his remarks. ”I am profoundly grateful for the kind words that have been said about me, but the finest tribute of all will be to see the Gerald R. Ford Museum living and growing in constructive and useful ways.”
Read President Ford’s full speech here: https://www.fordlibrarymuseum.gov/library/speeches/810918.asp
Images include photographs of the dedication ceremony and a variety of keepsakes from the event.
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Achievement unlocked 2watermelon gaming chair. Ronald Wilson Reagan
40th President of the United States
(January 20, 1981 to January 20, 1989)
Nicknames: 'The Gipper'; 'The Great Communicator'; 'Dutch'
Born: February 6, 1911, in Tampico, Illinois
Died: June 5, 2004, in Los Angeles, California
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Father: John Edward Reagan
Mother: Nelle Wilson Reagan
Married:Jane Wyman (1917-2007), on June 25, 1940 (divorced in 1948); Nancy Davis (1923- ), on March 4, 1952
Children:Maureen Elizabeth Reagan (1941-2001); Michael Edward Reagan (adopted) (1945- ); Patricia Ann Reagan (1952- ); Ronald Prescott Reagan (1958- )
Religion: Disciples of Christ
Education: Graduated from Eureka College (1932)
Occupation: Actor, public official
Political Party: Republican
Other Government Positions:
Governor of California, 1967-75
Presidential Salary: $200,000/year + $50,000 expense account
Presidential Election Results: YearPopular VotesElectoral Votes 1976James E. Carter, Jr.40,827,394297Gerald R. Ford39,145,977240Ronald Reagan1 1980Ronald Reagan43,267,489489James E. Carter, Jr.34,964,58349John B. Anderson5,588,014— 1984Ronald Reagan53,428,357525Walter F. Mondale36,930,92313
Vice President:George Bush (1981-89)
Cabinet:
Pacxon is an addicting arcade game, based on the classic Pacman game, Pac xon will keep you challenged for hours. In order to enjoy the full functionality of pacxon.net, turn on the javascript capability of your browser. Game Description: you can play pacxon popular flash game very easily in your browser online with full screen at absolutely free. Pacxonfree flash games. Action Games Arcade Retro. Clever mix of Pacman and Xonix, Pac Xon is back in a 'Deluxe' version featuring 50 levels and slightly improved graphics. Try to fill more than 80% of the playing surface while avoiding ghosts. Or by confining them in a small space away from danger. Movement: Arrow Keys Note: Your objective is too fill up at least 75% of the game area. If the bad guy's touch you while entering there. Pac Xon is an awesome game that takers inspiration from the legendary Pac Man title. In this game, you have to work within a closed area and try to create closed squares to minimise the available area that the ghosts can mover around in. Use the keyboard arrow keys to control the movement of Pacman and look out for the special fruits you can collect.
Secretary of State
Alexander M. Haig, Jr. (1981-82)
George P. Schultz (1982-89)
Secretary of the Treasury
Donald T. Regan (1981-85)
James A. Baker, III (1985-88)
Nicholas F. Brady (1988-89)
Secretary of Defense
Caspar W. Weinberger (1981-87)
Frank C. Carlucci (1987-89)
Attorney General
William French Smith (1981-85)
Edwin Meese (1985-88)
Dick Thornburgh (1988-89)
Secretary of the Interior
James G. Watt (1981-83)
William P. Clark (1983-85)
Donald P. Hodel (1985-89)
Secretary of Agriculture
John R. Block (1981-86)
Richard E. Lyng (1986-89)
Secretary of Commerce
Malcolm Baldrige (1981-87)
C. William Verity (1987-89)
Secretary of Labor
Raymond J. Donovan (1981-85)
William Brock (1985-87)
Ann Dore McLaughlin (1987-89)
Secretary of Health and Human Services
Richard S. Schweiker (1981-83)
Margaret M. Heckler (1983-85)
Otis R. Bowen (1985-89)
Secretary of Education
Terrel H. Bell (1981-85)
William J. Bennett (1985-88)
Lauro F. Cavazos, Jr. (1988-89)
Secretary of Housing and Urban Development
Samuel R. Pierce, Jr. (1981-89)
Secretary of Transportation
Andrew L. Lewis, Jr. (1981-83)
Elizabeth H. Dole (1983-87)
James H. Burnley (1987-89)
Secretary of Energy
James B. Edwards (1981-82)
Donald P. Hodel (1982-85)
John Herrington (1985-89)
Supreme Court Appointments:
Chief Justice
William H. Rehnquist (1986-2005)
Associate Justice
Sandra Day O’Connor (1981-2006)
Antonin Scalia (1986- )
Anthony M. Kennedy (1988- )
Notable Events:
1981
On March 30, Reagan was shot in an assassination attempt by John W. Hinkley, Jr. outside of the Washington, D.C. Hilton Hotel.
Midterm Study Guidemr. Regan's Educational Website Page
Internet Biographies:
Ronald Reagan — from The Presidents of the United States of America
Compiled by the White House.
Ronald Reagan — from American Presidents: Life Portraits — C-SPAN
Biographical information, trivia, key events, video, and other reference materials. Website created to accompany C-SPAN’s 20th Anniversary Television Series, American Presidents: Life Portraits.
Ronald Reagan — from The American President
From the Miller Center of Public Affairs at the University of Virginia, in addition to information on the Presidents themselves, they have first lady and cabinet member biographies, listings of presidential staff and advisers, and timelines detailing significant events in the lives of each administration.
Ronald Reagan — from Character Above All
From a PBS broadcast of the same name, this essay excerpt by Peggy Noonan discusses some of the issues and events that molded Reagan.
Historical Documents:
First Inaugural Address (1981)
Second Inaugural Address (1985)
A Time for Choosing ('The Speech') (1964)
President Reagan’s Speech to the House of Commons (Evil Empire Speech) (1982)
President Reagan’s Speech at Pointe de Hoc, Normandy, France (The 40th Anniversary of D-Day) (1984)
President Reagan’s Address at the U.S.-French Ceremony at Omaha Beach, Normandy, France (The 40th Anniversary of D-Day) (1984)
President Reagan’s Speech on the Challenger Disaster (1986)
Former President Reagan’s Speech at the National Republican Convention (1992)
President Reagan’s Speech on the Occasion of the Tenth Anniversary of the Announcement of the Strategic Defense Initiative (1993)
Media Resources:
Midterm Study Guidemr. Regan's Educational Website Examples
Audio
From his first State of the Union address on January 26, 1982. (0:56)
MP3 (445K)
From the Vincent Voice Library at Michigan State University.
Audio & Video
The American Presidency Projects’s Presidential Audio/Video Archive for Ronald Reagan site
Other Internet Resources:
Ronald Reagan Filmology— from the Internet Movie Database
List of Reagan screen credits including Code of the Secret Service (1939), Knute Rockne, All American (1940), and Bedtime for Bonzo (1951).
Ronald W. Reagan Presidential Foundation
Tourist information for the Library, calendar of events, and an online catalog of your favorite Reagan attire from the Museum. Located in Simi Valley, California.
Ronald W. Reagan Presidential Library and Museum
Location and hours of operation information, plus a description of the exhibits.
The Day Reagan Was Shot
Transcripts from the White House Situation Room after Reagan was shot.
Points of Interest:
Midterm Study Guidemr. Regan's Educational Website Login
Reagan was the fifth left-handed president of the United States.
At 69 years old, Reagan was the oldest elected president.
At 93 years old, Gerald R. Ford and Ronald W. Reagan lived longer than any other U.S. President. Ford lived longer than Reagan did. Note: these figures came from entering each president’s birth and death dates into the “Date Duration” tool found on timeanddate.com (http://www.timeanddate.com/date/duration.html.)
In the 1980 election, Reagan won in 46 out of 50 states. The only states he did not win in were Georgia, Maryland, Minnesota, or West Virginia. He also did not win the District of Columbia.
In the 1984 election, Reagan won in 49 out of 50 states. The only state he did not win in was Minnesota, and he lost by a very small margin there. He also did not win the District of Columbia.
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Previous President: James Earl Carter, Jr. | Next President: George Herbert Walker Bush
©1996-2008. Robert S. Summers. All rights reserved.
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Why do presidents use so many pens to sign documents - and what happens to them?
New Post has been published on https://appradab.com/why-do-presidents-use-so-many-pens-to-sign-documents-and-what-happens-to-them/
Why do presidents use so many pens to sign documents - and what happens to them?
Inside that box, ready for use, lay a neat row of gold-trimmed navy Cross Century II pens.
But why so many pens? As Biden continues to sign more executive orders — 17 on Wednesday alone, and 13 more in the days following — it raises a question: Is one not enough?
Well, like everything to do with the White House, it’s mainly because of tradition.
It’s not clear which president started using multiple pens to sign single pieces of legislation. But historians do know the tradition stretches across decades. After the pens are used, they are typically handed out to those involved as a sort of historical artifact.
It’s a way to share the spotlight and acknowledge the contributions of others, explained Mark Lawrence, the director of the Lyndon B. Johnson Presidential Library.
“I think that presidents want to share credit with others who’ve contributed to the issues in play,” he said.
One of the most famous examples of this is when Johnson signed the Civil Rights Act in 1964. He reportedly used at least 75 pens to sign the landmark legislation, handing them out to those involved.
But the pens weren’t just given out of benevolence. The first pen used to sign the CRA was given to Everett Dirksen, a Republican Senator from Illinois who helped write the act. The move was a politically shrewd one, Lawrence explained. Because Dirksen was on the other side of the aisle, the gesture might create a sense of loyalty to Johnson, and maybe Dirksen would speak favorably of him to his Republican peers.
“It’s a small gesture, no doubt,” Lawrence said. “But a very characteristic one for a skillful politician like (Johnson) to lose no chance to cultivate loyalty and support.”
The second pen, he said, went to Hubert Humphrey, his vice president. Martin Luther King Jr. was also among the recipients.
And if you’re wondering how it’s possible to use that many pens, you can watch the video footage — Johnson seemingly uses a new pen for each letter. The signatures may have gotten a little elaborate at times, in an effort to use all the pens, Lawrence predicted.
“I mean, it must be a mess,” he said.
But the pens weren’t just given out at signing ceremonies. After Johnson signed the Tax Bill in 1964, he brought four of the pens used in the signing to Jacqueline Kennedy, according to a diary entry from Johnson’s wife, Lady Bird Johnson. One pen was for Kennedy, one for the John F. Kennedy Presidential Library and Museum and one each for her children, Caroline and “John-John,” she wrote.
A more modern example is when President Barack Obama signed the Affordable Care Act into law in 2010, using 22 pens in the process.
And Obama had practice. In 2009, when he signed the Lilly Ledbetter Fair Pay Act — the very first bill he signed into law — he used seven pens.
“I’ve been practicing,” he quipped at the time. “Very slowly.”
As he signed, he gave the pens out as gifts, including to Ledbetter herself.
Trump broke tradition with his preferred pen
Of course, it’s not just the number of pens that matters, but the type.
Biden, for example, reinvoked tradition by using a Cross pen, specifically the Cross Century II, according to manufacturer A.T. Cross.
Former president Donald Trump initially used the Century II felt tip pen, but then — like so many facets of his presidency — broke with tradition, instead preferring a Sharpie.
Presidents Obama, George W. Bush and Bill Clinton all used the Cross Townsend pen, although Obama later switched to the Century II.
Presidents Gerald Ford, Ronald Reagan and George H. W. Bush were also known to use Cross pens, but the official Cross-White House program didn’t begin until Clinton.
As for Johnson, Lawrence said he began his presidency using an old fashioned fountain pen, but he transitioned in 1965 to using a felt pen instead — probably a less messy choice.
And having a good pen is important. In a diary entry dated Feb. 20, 1952, President Harry Truman wrote that he had to sign his name on letters and official documents about 600 times a day, said Randy Sowell, an archivist at the Harry S. Truman Presidential Library and Museum. Across four years, well, that’s a lot of signatures.
Appradab’s Betsy Klein contributed to this report.
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Grand Rapids
Things To Do In Grand Rapids Michigan
There are numerous things to do in Grand Rapids Michigan. The Grand Rapids Art Museum, the Gerald R. Ford governmental museum and cemetery, the John Ball Zoo, the Frederik Meijer Gardens & Sculpture Park, and the Grand River Waterside will be simply a few of the popular activities that can be performed in Grand Rapids. There are likewise different things to do in other locations around the area. When preparing your journey there are some things to do in Grand Rapids prior to you get here.
The John Ball Zoo is amongst the outright finest traveler locations in all of Michigan and the whole city of Detroit has something to do. It uses a series of things for the entire home to do, whether you are there for the really incredibly first time or you wish to return and go to once again. The zoo depends upon downtown Grand Rapids. You can go on journeys and see animals up close. If you exist with kids it is enjoyable to take them on a trip into the jungle. They will delight in the Jungle Cruise and the Zoo's Wild Animal Encounter.
If you are going to stay in the city of Grand Rapids you should definitely have a look at the Grand Rapids Art Museum. You can travel through the screens and see works by widely known artists like Mark Rothko, Willem de Kooning, Renzo Rosso, Jasper Johns, Roy Lichtenstein, and more. You can likewise take pleasure in an art program at the museum throughout their yearly occasion.
Throughout the summer season they similarly have a remarkable summertime season performance series with local bands playing. There are also scholastic screens at the museum for kids to find out more about history and nature.
The Gerald Ford Presidential Memorial Museum and Cemetery rely on downtown Grand Rapids and the museum includes the gravesite of previous President Richard Nixon. There is likewise an exhibition of autographed letters from the president and letters to his kid. You can similarly take the shuttle to the cemetery and you can stroll along the memorial drive. A bargain of appealing details and artifacts are used for you to see at the cemetery. There are great deals of exhibits of the president's specific ownerships, the Oval Workplace where he made most of his options, and the limo where he travelled to essential conferences. The National Archives is likewise exposing a significant collection of photos of the actually very first year as president and great deals of other items.
If you are trying to find some history and imaginative items to do in the place, there is an impressive public museum to take a look at. The Grand Rapids Public Museum provides an incredible variety of screen screens. The Henry Ford Home and Museum use an exceptional history on the life of the designer of Ford Motors. If you are a history fan, you might want to take a look at the Henry Ford's home which is also on-site. It was established to honor his birthday. The museum similarly has some great antiques from the time duration of his home.
In addition to the museums there is a remarkable town library for you to have a look at. It depends on downtown Grand Rapids and it has good deals of books, publications, videos, and other items to have a look at. There are also a lot of interesting historical sites. The public library functions as the headquarters for the Michigan Historic Museum and Historic District. This place houses a spectacular library of historical significance. You can also go to the library to find books on a series of subjects.
Amongst the most popular activities to do in the place is to enjoy your time in this great city. There are numerous house home entertainment areas to enjoy your stay. The Westin Grand Rapids Resort Hotel uses different wonderful things to do throughout the night. You can take pleasure in terrific dining, dancing, and dancing. They offer impressive house entertainment all throughout the hotel. The resort uses a bar and swimming pool side, which can use a terrific area to hang out and relax. If you like an exceptional book, the Westin provides a comfy chair in the terrace to loosen up under.
If you want to take a trip to the place there are bargains of popular tourist areas that you ought to go to. The Detroit Metropolitan Airport has a significant parking area for visitors. There are bargains of hotels and traveler destinations within strolling range of the airport. The Grand Circus has various theme park situated around the centers. You can likewise enjoy a boat trip through the Detroit River, which is amongst the most extraordinary and popular boats in the world
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The claim: If Kamala Harris assumes the role of president, House Speaker Nancy Pelosi will become vice president A viral post claims that if Democratic presidential nominee Joe Biden wins the election but cannot serve his full term, vice presidential nominee Kamala Harris would assume the role of president and House Speaker Nancy Pelosi would become vice president. "You people realize if Biden wins and can't finish his term that Harris becomes Pres and Pelosi VP," the post reads. "Let that sink in."
But it's not true that the speaker of the House — or any other predetermined individual — automatically becomes vice president. Upon becoming president, the former vice president would choose another individual to become his or her vice president.
"Whenever there is a vacancy in the office of the Vice President, the President shall nominate a Vice President who shall take office upon confirmation by a majority vote of both Houses of Congress," Section 2 of the amendment explains.
This last happened in 1974, when Vice President Gerald Ford — himself a replacement for Vice President Spiro T. Agnew, who resigned after being accused of tax evasion — replaced President Richard Nixon. Ford nominated Nelson Rockefeller to serve as his vice president, according to the Gerald R. Ford Presidential Library and Museum.
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