Rockwell hardness test

Gas Turbine power plant advantages and disadvantages.

Common Rail Direct Injection (CRDI)

Common Rail Direct Injection (CRDI)

Common Rail Direct Injection (CRDI) is an advanced fuel injection technology, most commonly referred to as diesel engines. This is very similar to the technology used in petrol engines and the same is differentiated by classifying it as gasoline direct injection (GDI) or fuel stratified injection (FSI). Although both these technologies have a similar design as they consist of a standard…

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Components of Roads and their Functions

The highway or the road structure must be designed carefully for the traffic load to be carried, physical and geological features and climatic conditions of the locality and various other factors that would affect the stability and utility of the highway roads. For design, the road structure consists of the following four component parts: Subsoil Subgrade Base Surfacing. Components parts of…

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Production Planning and Control (PPC)

Production Planning and Control (PPC)

Production planning and control (PPC) generally involves planning the manufacturing process. Mainly it consists of the planning of routing, scheduling, dispatching, inspection and coordination, control of materials. Methods, machines, tools and operating times etc. The ultimate objective of PPC is to organize the supply and movement of materials and labor, machines utilization and related…

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Robotic Welding System Design: A Guide for Automated Welding

Robotic Welding System Design: A Guide for Automated Welding

A welding robot is an automated machine that performs welding tasks. Welding and robots go hand in hand. So it’s no surprise that robotic welding applications frequently provide a high return on investment. As a result, many integrators and manufacturers specialize in robotic welding. The automated Welding Design process Automatic welding has many obvious benefits, including improved weld…

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Difference between Flywheel and Governors

Differences between Crystal Slip and Twinning

Surface Condensor

In surface condensers there is no direct contact between the steam, cooling water and the condensate can be reused in the boiler: In such condenser even impure water can be used for cooling purpose whereas the cooling water must be pure in jet condensers. Although the capital cost and the space needed is more in surface condensers but it is justified by the saving in running cost and increase in…

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Selection of an Appropriate Factor of Safety

Selection of an Appropriate Factor of Safety

The selection of the factor of safety to be used for various applications is one of the most important engineering tasks. On the one hand, if a factor of safety is chosen too small, the possibility of failure becomes unacceptably large on the other hand, if a factor of safety is chosen unnecessarily large, the result is an uneconomical or nonfunctional design. The choice of the factor of safety…

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Humidity-Measurement Instruments

Many hygroscopic (moisture absorbing) materials can be used as relative-humidity sensors. Such materials absorb or lose moisture until a balance is reached with the surrounding air. A change in material moisture content causes a dimensional change, and this change can be used as an input signal to a controller. Commonly used materials include: Human hair Wood Biwood combinations similar in…

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Resistance

Resistance is defined as the opposition offered by a substance to the flow of electric current.

(a) Resistor, (b) Circuit symbol for resistance

  It may be noted here that resistance is the electric friction offered by the substance and causes the production of heat with the flow of electrical current. The moving electrons collide with atoms or molecules of the substance, each collision…

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Throw-away-tipped Turning Tool

Whenever the tool is not performing a machining operation satisfactorily, it is assumed that the tool has been failed. Normally when the tool fails the tool will be re-grinded to re-sharpen the tool, but in case of throwaway type of the tools, the tool will be thrown away and new tool tip will be taken.

Although the supply of sharp or re-sharpened tools is usually available from the tool rooms,…

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Hand Power Drill

A Hand power drill is a tool primarily used for making round holes or driving fasteners. It is fitted with a bit, either a drill or driver, depending on the application, secured by a chuck. Some of the hand-powered drills also include a hammer function.

Drills vary widely in speed, power, and size. They have characteristically corded electrically driven devices, with hand-operated types…

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Chemical Vapor Deposition (CVD)

Chemical Vapor Deposition (CVD)

Chemical vapor deposition (CVD) is a thermochemical process. In a typical application, such as coating cutting tools with titanium nitride (TiN), the tools are placed on a graphite tray and heated at 950° to 1050°C at atmospheric pressure in an inert atmosphere. Titanium tetrachloride (a vapor), hydrogen, and nitrogen are then introduced into the chamber. The chemical reactions form titanium…

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Chemical Vapor Deposition (CVD)

Chemical Vapor Deposition (CVD)

Chemical vapor deposition (CVD)is a thermochemical process. In a typical application, such as coating cutting tools with titanium nitride (TiN), the tools are placed on a graphite tray and heated at 950° to 1050°C at atmospheric pressure in an inert atmosphere. Titanium tetrachloride (a vapor), hydrogen, and nitrogen are then introduced into the chamber. The chemical reactions form titanium…

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