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linguistiksisabop

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linguistiksisabop · 1 year

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If you know, you know

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linguistiksisabop · 1 year

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Old English: 450 (700) - 1100

Historical background:

ca. 500 BC: celtic settlement in England

55 BC: Caesar’s expedition & attempt to conquer England fails

43 AD: Claudius’ expedition, England becomes Roman province and Hadrian’s wall is built (to protect the Roman province from the Celts in the north)

410: Romans leave the British Isles

————

449: beginning of Germanic settlements/invasions in England (by Angles, Saxons & Jutes)

ca. 563/597: beginning of Christianisation of Britain by the Roman-Catholic church

————

from 700: first written records in Old English (”Beowulf”)

end of 8th century: beginning of Viking raids in England

793: Viking raid in Lindisfarne

from 850: continued attacks by Viking armies (about 350 ships)

878: Treaty of Wedmore and Danelaw (Scandinavian settlements in the northeast of England that are under Danish law)

In Old English, there are therefore many loan words that were adapted from the Latin, Celtic, and Scandinavian languages. (I made a post about loan words before if you want to know more about them).

Linguistics:

Old English was a synthetic language, meaning that there were many inflections and declensions (like in modern German or Latin)

the word order was relatively free

nouns, adjectives, and verbs were altered depending on their number (singular/plural) and grammatical case (nominative/genitive/dative/accusative/instrumental) and whether or not they were strong or weak

in Old English, runes and Latin letters were used

sound change through i-mutation (I’ll make a post explaining i-mutation soon)

sound change of velar consontants (/k/, /g/) resulting in palatalised consonants (/ʧ/, /j/) triggered by palatal vowels

Pronunciation:

<i> = /ɪ/; /i:/

<y> = /ʏ/; /y:/

<e> = /ɛ/; /e:/

<æ> = /æ/; /æ:/

<a> = /ɑ/; /ɑ:/

<o> = /ᴐ/; /o:/

<u> = /ʊ/; /u:/

<ea> = /æɑ/; /ǣɑ/

<eo> = /eɔ/; /ēo/

<f> = /f/ or /v/

<þ>/<ð> = /θ/ or /ð/

<s>/<ſ> = /s/ or /z/

<c> = /k/ or /ʧ/

<h> = /h/ or /ç/ or /x/

<g>/<ʒ> = /g/ or /j/ or /ɣ/

<sc> = /ʃ/ or /sk/

Example:

“Fæder ūre þū þe eart on heofonum, sī þīn nama gehālgod.”

(from The Lord’s Prayer)

More Reading:

“An Introduction to Old English”, R. Hogg (2002)

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linguistiksisabop · 1 year

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*time travels just to hide recording devices around and collect data on Old English*

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linguistiksisabop · 1 year

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Old Welsh lit: Dave punched Steve. This incurred a fine of twelve cattle and a nine-inch rod of silver and is known as one of the Three Midly Annoying Blows of the Isle of Britain

Old Irish lit: Dave punched Steve so that the top of his skull came out of his chin, and gore flooded the house, and he drove his fists down the street performing his battle-feats so that the corpses were so numerous there was no room for them to fall down. It was like “the fox among the hens” and “the oncoming tide” and “that time Emily had eight drinks when we all know she should stop at six”

Old English lit: Dave, the hard man, the fierce man, the fist-man, gave Steve such a blow the like has not been seen since the feud between the Hylfings and the Wends. Thus it is rightly said that violence only begets more violence, unless of course it is particularly sicknasty. Amen.

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linguistiksisabop · 1 year

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Lucius and Sev during Hogwarts

Severus: I crave that which would bestow upon me the attainability of sweet death

Lucius: you are literally twelve

#lucius malfoy #severus snape #incorrect hp quotes #incorrect harry potter quotes #harry potter memes

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linguistiksisabop · 1 year

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reblog this if your page is a safe place for people in the LGBTQIA+ community. if u dont reblog this, respectfully leave my page immediately. the amount of times ive got called slurs because of my sexuality is ridiculous because we shouldn’t have to live in a world where we are judged because of who we decided to be.

thx.

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linguistiksisabop · 1 year

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