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Savannah
Hi! My name is Savannah my mother tongue is English! I wanna learn Spanish and Korean fully!
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Atomic bombings of Hiroshima and Nagasaki in Japanese
日本 [にほん、にっぽん] - Japan
広島 [ひろしま] - Hiroshima
リトルボーイ - Little Boy
長崎 [ながさき] - Nagasaki
ファットマン - Fat Man
アメリカ合衆国 [アメリカがっしゅうこく] - United States of America
第二次世界大戦 [だいにじせかいたいせん] - Second World War
戦争 [せんそう] - war
核兵器 [かくへいき] - nuclear weapon
原子爆弾 [げんしばくだん] - atomic bomb
爆弾 [ばくだん] - bomb
爆撃機 [ばくげきき] - bomber (aircraft)
投下する [とうかする] - to drop
爆発する [ばくはつする] - to explode
キノコ雲 [キノコぐも] - mushroom cloud
黒い雨 [くろいあめ] - black rain
閃光 [せんこう] - flash
熱 [ねつ] - heat
爆風 [ばくふう] - bomb blast, shock wave
放射性 [ほうしゃせい] - radioactive
放射 [ほうしゃ] - radiation
急性放射線症候群 [きゅうせいほうしゃせんしょうこうぐん] - acute radiation syndrome
火災 [かさい] - fire, conflagration
火災旋風 [かさいせんぷう] - firestorm
火傷 [やけど] - burn
殺す [ころす] - to kill
死ぬ [しぬ] - to die
痛み [いたみ] - pain
苦しみ [くるしみ] - suffering
破壊する [はかいする] - to destroy
被爆者 [ひばくしゃ] - victim of atomic bombing
降伏する [こうふくする] - to surrender
黙る [だまる] - to keep silent
隠す [かくす] - to conceal, to hide
検閲する [けんえつする] - to censor
不正な [ふせいな] - wrong
不必要な [ふひつような] - unnecessary
正当化できない [せいとうかできない] - unjustifiable
酷い [ひどい] - horrible, terrible
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Does anyone know of any Spanish langblr accounts? I’m learning Spanish and would love to follow some of y’all’s faves that could help me learn
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why nobody told me that in order to speak a language I have to talk to people. how rude.
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Regular Spanish Verbs
Comprar (to buy)
compro - I buy
compras - you (fam.) buy
compra - he/she/it buys, you (formal) buy
compramos - we buy
compráis - you (fam. plural) buy
compran - they buy, you (form. plural) buy
yo compré — I bought
tú compraste — you bought
él compró — he/she/it bought, you (formal) bought
nosotros compramos — we bought
vosotros comprasteis — you bought
ellos compraron — they bought
11/100. Monday, 01.11.2021 — Español
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Hi Karen! I’m a junior in high school, and I’ve been thinking about studying foreign languages in college because I love foreign languages. I just don’t think I want a job that requires a language degree. I’m not even sure what job I want after college. Any advice?
Hello!
Here's a list of jobs for language learners
First of all, there is nothing wrong with not knowing. I really recommend you watch this video about how our generation isn't following the same structured life of past generations and how now more than ever we have the opportunity to expand our field of study and try different things that will ultimately help us find our sweet spot.
https://youtu.be/CWwR1lYzl-s
youtube
As you might know, I am halfway though a degree in Mexican Literature/Hispanic Linguistics.
In my field of study there are people who are specializing in literature, others want to work in the teaching field (as Spanish teachers or language teachers), others want to work in the editorial world as editors, translators or cultural promoters. Others, like me, want to be creators. And then there's people who have no idea, and that's okay! There's truly no rush.
(I would really recommend this video on finding your life's purpose or field of study. It related only a bit to your question but I think you'll benefit from it).
https://youtu.be/BTgnQ5qZLlI
youtube
Now, you want to study languages but aren't sure if it'll be useful. This is going to be a bit controvertial, but not everything we put effort and time into has to be "useful" by anyone's standards. I know this doesn't make sense in the capitalist model we are currently living in, but the things you do have to make you happy and fullfil you before anything else. I know sometimes it's not realistic, but you are just starting your career, and you should have that in mind.
What I find amazing about language learning is that being proficient in another language opens so many doors for you. It will make studying another degree so much easier. You will have so many opportunities to travel, to work alongside people from another country, to enter another industry and field. I really encourage you to study languages if you can.
I wish you the best, truly, I hope you can follow a path that will make you happy and fullfil that wonder and that passion for learning.
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Spanish Grammar Resources
The lovely @studywithbyu came to looking for some help with Spanish grammar, so here is a little masterlist! (warning, not so little - long post ahead!) I highly suggest checking out both resources because they cover different things and one may provide the information in a better format for you.
Grammar with SpanishDict
A great resource with reliable translations and instruction! I go here instead of to Google Translate because I know it’s much more helpful and accurate. It also has forums for individual questions.
Here is a list of all its lessons:
Adjectives
Descriptive adjectives (regular and irregular)
Adjective placement
Nationalities as adjectives
Short form adjectives (apocopation)
Possessive adjectives
Cardinal numbers (0-100)
Cardinal numbers (101+)
Ordinal numbers
Negatives and negation
Asking questions: interrogatives
Comparisons of inequality
Comparisons of equality
Superlatives - the best, worst, most, & least
Using adjectives as nouns
Relative adjectives (cuyo)
Demonstrative adjectives
Exclamatory words
Adverbs
Adverb forms and placement
Articles
Definite article forms (regular and exceptions)
Definite Article Uses
Indefinite article forms (regular and irregular)
Indefinite article uses
Neuter article
Conjunctions
Conjunctions
Gender
Masculine and feminine nouns
Professions and other nouns with both masculine and feminine forms
Number
Plural forms of nouns (regular and exceptions)
Prepositions
Basic Prepositions
Basic por vs. para (motion vs. destination)
Contractions
Advanced por vs. para (DREEMS vs. PRODDS)
Advanced expressions with por and para
Pronouns
Subject pronouns (personal pronouns)
Spanish “you” - (tú, vos, usted, vosotros, ustedes)
Object pronouns (pronouns after prepositions)
Direct Object Pronouns
Direct object pronoun placement
Indirect Object Pronouns
Indirect object pronoun placement
Possessive pronouns
Neuter possessive pronouns
Using direct and indirect object pronouns together
Demonstrative pronouns
Relative pronouns (que, quien, el que, el cual)
Neuter relative pronouns (lo que, lo cual)
Impersonal se
Impersonal se vs. passive se
Passive se
Pronunciation
Spanish Alphabet and Pronunciation
Spanish vowels
Spanish syllables
Word stress
Written accents (tildes)
Spanish punctuation
Verbs
Infinitive forms and finding stems for regular verbs
Other uses for infinitives
Present Participles
Other uses for the present participle (gerundio)
Past participle regular forms and uses
Irregular and stressed past participles
Present perfect - Using haber with past participles
Present Tense Forms
Present tense spelling changes
Stem Changing Verbs
Irregular present tense
Verbs like gustar
Basic ser vs. estar - D.O.T. vs. Lo.Co.
Uses of ser: descriptions
Uses of ser: origins
Uses of ser: time
Uses of estar: Location
Uses of estar: condition
Informal future (ir + a + infinitive)
Imperfect Tense Forms
Spanish Preterite Tense Forms
Spelling changes in the preterit
Stem changes in the preterit
Verbs that change meaning in the preterit
Preterit vs. Imperfect - differences and signifier phrases
Affirmative informal (tú) commands
Negative Tú Commands
Formal Affirmative and Negative Commands
Subjunctive vs. Indicative
Wishes & wants in the subjunctive
Emotions with the subjunctive
Impersonal expressions with the subjunctive
Recommendations & requests with the subjunctive
Doubts & denial with the subjunctive
Ojalá with the subjunctive
Uncompleted or prospective actions with the subjunctive
Present Subjunctive Regular and Irregular Forms
Present Progressive Forms
Saber vs. Conocer
Pedir vs. preguntar (to ask)
Reciprocal verbs and pronouns
Reflexive Verbs and Pronouns
Active vs. passive voice
Nosotros commands
Indirect commands
Imperfect progressive
Simple future regular forms and uses
Simple future irregular and stem changing forms
Hacer with expressions of time
Conditional regular and irregular forms and uses
Imperfect Subjunctive
Future subjunctive forms and uses
Past perfect forms and uses
Preterit perfect
Present Perfect Subjunctive
Future perfect
Conditional perfect forms and uses
Past Perfect Subjunctive Forms
Future perfect subjunctive forms and uses
Verb structures (transitive, intransitive, pronominal)
Ir vs. irse
Verbal periphrasis
Indicative mood
Imperative mood
Copular Verbs
________________________________________________________________
Spanish Grammar @ StudySpanish.com
Nine units full of very useful grammar! I plan to use this one myself for a bit of self-instruction before I go to Catalonia. My favorite part is it gives you flashcard ideas and has review.
Here are the units and their topics:
UNIT ONE
1. Gender of Nouns I
2. Gender of Nouns II
3. Numbers: 1-10
4. Plural Forms of Nouns
5. Def. & Indef. Articles
6. The Verb Form “hay”
7. Subject Pronouns
8. Reg. Verbs I
9. Reg. Verbs II
10. Reg. Verbs III
11. Adjectives I
12. Adjectives II
13. Days of the Week
14. Numbers: 11-30
UNIT TWO
15. Ser and Estar I
16. Ser and Estar II
17. Ser and Estar III
18. Ser and Estar IV
19. Negation
20. Questions
21. Poss. Adjectives
22. Tener, venir
23. Tener que / Hay que
24. Exp. with “Tener”
25. Weather Expressions
26. The Personal “a”
27. Contractions
UNIT THREE
28. Stem-Changing Verbs: o:ue
29. Stem-Changing Verbs: e:ie
30. Stem-changing verbs: e:i
31. Estar, Ir, Dar
32. “Ir a” + infinitive
33. Acabar de
34. Volver a
35. Ordinal Numbers
36. Months, Seasons, and Dates
37. Comparisons of Inequality
38. Comparisons of Equality
39. Superlatives
UNIT FOUR
40. Pronouns as Objects of Prepositions
41. Dir. Object Pronouns I
42. Dir. Object Pronouns II
43. Dir. Object Pronouns III
44. Ind. Object Pronouns I
45. Ind. Object Pronouns II
46. Ind. Object Pronouns III
47. DO and IO Pronouns Together
48. Verbs Like Gustar
49. Present Progressive
50. Verbs with Irregular 1st Persons
UNIT FIVE
51. Saber vs Conocer / Pedir vs Preguntar
52. Numbers: 31-1000
53. Telling Time
54. Por and Para
55. Irreg. Comparatives
56. Demonstratives
57. Time Expressions With Hacer
58. Possessive Pronouns
59. Reflexive Verbs I
60. Reflexive Verbs II
61. Definite Article II
UNIT SIX
62. Pret. vs Imp. I
63. Preterite I
64. Imperfect I
65. Preterite II
66. Imperfect II
67. Pret. vs Imp. II
68. Preterite III
69. Imperfect III
70. Preterite IV
71. Preterite V
72. Preterite VI
73. Pret. vs Imp. III
74. Pret. vs Imp. Review
UNIT SEVEN
75. “Hace …” to mean “ago”
76. Formation of Adverbs
77. Subjunctive I: Introduction
78. Subjunctive II: Conjugating regular and stem-changing verbs
79. Subjunctive III: Verbs that change orthographically
80. Subjunctive IV: Irregular verbs
81. Subjunctive V: Desire
82. Subjunctive VI: Ignorance, doubt
83. Subjunctive VII: Impersonal Expressions
84. Subjunctive VIII: Actions not yet completed
UNIT EIGHT
85. Rel. Pronouns - que
86. Rel. Pronouns - quien
87. Rel. Pronouns - el que and lo que
88. Rel. Adjective - cuyo
89. Rel. Pronouns and Adjectives - Review
90. Formal Commands
91. Inform. Commands - tú
92. Irreg. Commands - tú
93. Using Object Pronouns with Commands
94. Commands Review I
95. Informal Commands - vosotros
96. 1st Person Commands - nosotros
97. Indirect Commands
98. Commands Review II
UNIT NINE
99. Future
100. Past Participle
101. Present Perfect
102. Past Perfect
103. Future Perfect
104. Conditional
I hope this helps!
________________________________________________________________
Some other good websites:
121Spanish
PracticingSpanish
Rocket Languages
And if you plan to practice writing and don’t have a native speaker or proficient learner to help, here’s a Spanish editor!
Spanish Checker
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50 adjetivos en español
For this list I was going for things that are more everyday but also more advanced; very helpful if you’re studying Spanish and having to write essays or papers in Spanish, things that can help bump up your vocab when expressing yourself
inmundo/a = filthy, extremely dirty
conmovedor(a) = poignant, moving
llamativo/a = flashy, gaudy / something that calls attention, eye-catching
terco/a = stubborn
aplastante = crushing / overwhelming
famélico/a = starving, emaciated
difunto/a = deceased, dead, defunct
el difunto, la difunta = deceased person, “late”
rebelde = rebellious, unruly
caprichoso/a = fickle, capricious / whimsical
sigiloso/a = stealthy
temerario/a = reckless, hasty
insoportable = unbearable
milagroso/a = miraculous
digno/a = worthy, deserving
vivaz = lively, vibrant, vivacious
afilado/a = sharp, cutting
agudo/a = sharp
sangriento/a = bloody, gory / bloodthirsty, violent
distraído/a = distracted / absent-minded, scatterbrained
hundido/a = sunken / deep-set / “swamped” [when someone is overwhelmed by work/emotions, you can use hundir(se) the verb “to sink” or hundido/a “sunk” / “sunken”]
creciente = growing, increasing / crescent (moon)
servicial = helpful (person/personality)
útil = useful, helpful
comprensible = understandable, comprehensible
rebosante = overflowing / exuberant
sagaz = wise, sagacious
erróneo/a = incorrect, inaccurate, wrong, erroneous
atestado/a = crowded
corriente = commonplace, average, typical
recóndito/a = remote, out of the way, distant
áspero/a = harsh, rugged, rough, abrasive
emocionante = exciting, thrilling
egoísta = selfish
atrevido/a = daring, bold
poderoso/a = powerful, mighty
todopoderoso/a = all-powerful, almighty
arrugado/a = wrinkled, wrinkly / crumpled, creased
súbito/a = sudden
repentino/a = sudden
asqueroso/a = disgusting, gross
insólito/a = unheard of, remarkable, uncanny
exitoso/a = successful
venidero/a = coming, upcoming, approaching
próximo/a = next, upcoming
arduo/a = difficult, arduous, strenuous
sensato/a = wise, sensible, having common sense
insensato/a = foolish, stupid, unwise
manso/a = tame, docile
singular = singular / unique, quaint, peculiar / exceptional
pasmado/a = shocked, bewildered
aturdido/a = stunned, dazed
fundido/a = melted / molten / “burnt out” (lights or fuses)
ensimismado/a = lost in thought, daydreaming
gruñón, gruñona = grumpy, cranky, bad-tempered [said of people: “a grump” or “a curmudgeon”]
célebre = famous, well-known, illustrious
arrepentido/a = repentant, sorry, remorseful, apologetic [in religious contexts could be “penitent”, or in legal contexts “reformed” when said of criminals]
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50 verbos en español
Porque why not. I know who I am and you know where we are, and we all know this is how things are
ningunear = to ignore (someone), to brush someone off, to give someone the cold shoulder
vencer = to beat, to vanquish / for something to run out (as in “deadlines” or “warranties”)
compartir = to share
marchitar, marchitarse = to wither, to shrivel / to wither up, to shrivel up
desengañar = to set someone straight, to tell someone how it is, “to burst someone’s bubble”
desengañarse = “to wise up”, “to wake up”, to see things for how they really are
marear = to make (someone) dizzy
marearse = to get dizzy
alimentar = to feed, to nourish, to nurture / to fuel, to supply [potentially alimentar can be used as “to fuel” as in “to fan the flames” as in “to keep something going”]
enseñar = to teach / to show, to point out
palpitar = to throb, to beat (heart)
escarmentar = to punish harshly
agregar = to add, to incorporate
añadir = to add, to incorporate
abrigar = to wrap up, to bundle / to shelter, to give refuge
jurar = to swear, to make an oath
farfullar = to mumble, to mutter
gestionar = to manage, “to run” [as in a business]
resbalar = to slip, to slide / to trickle or to stream (liquid)
interpretar = to interpret / to play a role (acting)
desarrollarse = to develop, to grow
ahuyentar = to ward off, to scare away
carecer = to lack, to be lacking
envenenar = to poison
firmar = to sign
colocar = to place, to put
avivar = to stoke (a fire), to kindle/rekindle / to intensify / to bring to life, to give life to, to brighten up / to goad, to provoke, “to fan the flames”, “to stir the pot”
burlar = to avoid, to evade, to bypass / to skirt (the law)
burlarse (de algo/alguien) = to make fun of (something/someone)
palpar = to touch, to feel
reventar = to pop, to burst, to explode
instar = to urge, to urge on / to coerce, to pressure, to lobby, “to lean on”
ejecutar = to execute (as in a death sentence) / to perform, to carry out, to execute (an order/request)
difundir = to spread, to diffuse / to publicize, to spread the word
apretar = to squeeze
intentar = to try, to attempt
elegir = to choose / to elect
entrelazar = to intertwine, to weave together, to mix, to interlace
fomentar = to encourage, to promote / to incite [in negative connotations, like “to stir up trouble” or “to incite (a riot)”]
espantar = to scare / to scare off, to scare away [sometimes used in the context of getting rid of pests or certain animals like el espantapájaros is a “scarecrow” but literally “scares-birds”]
brillar = to shine, to glitter, to sparkle / to glow
escurrir = to drain, to strain / to sieve, to sift
escurrirse = to slip away, to slip through
escurrirse entre los dedos = to slip through one’s fingers, “to get away”
arreglar = to fix, to fix up / to arrange / to solve
molestar = to bother, to annoy, to offend
agotar = to drain / to exhaust, to use up
agotarse = to become exhausted, to become tired
solicitar = to apply (for a job) / to request, to make a petition
agitar = to shake, to stir / to agitate, to annoy, to bother
[there are some other expressions with agitar such as agitar el avispero which is something like “to kick the hornet’s nest”, though literally “to shake the wasp’s nest”]
estremecerse = to shiver, to shudder
respaldar = to back, to support, to give backing, “to have someone’s back”
barrer = to sweep / to sweep away, to clear
coquetear = to flirt, to tease
derrumbar = to demolish
derrumbarse = to crumble, to fall down, to collapse
esfumarse = to disappear, to vanish / to fade away
menguar = to diminish, to wane, to shrink, to fade / to wane (the moon)
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Spanish Grammar Resources
The lovely @studywithbyu came to looking for some help with Spanish grammar, so here is a little masterlist! (warning, not so little - long post ahead!) I highly suggest checking out both resources because they cover different things and one may provide the information in a better format for you.
Grammar with SpanishDict
A great resource with reliable translations and instruction! I go here instead of to Google Translate because I know it’s much more helpful and accurate. It also has forums for individual questions.
Here is a list of all its lessons:
Adjectives
Descriptive adjectives (regular and irregular)
Adjective placement
Nationalities as adjectives
Short form adjectives (apocopation)
Possessive adjectives
Cardinal numbers (0-100)
Cardinal numbers (101+)
Ordinal numbers
Negatives and negation
Asking questions: interrogatives
Comparisons of inequality
Comparisons of equality
Superlatives - the best, worst, most, & least
Using adjectives as nouns
Relative adjectives (cuyo)
Demonstrative adjectives
Exclamatory words
Adverbs
Adverb forms and placement
Articles
Definite article forms (regular and exceptions)
Definite Article Uses
Indefinite article forms (regular and irregular)
Indefinite article uses
Neuter article
Conjunctions
Conjunctions
Gender
Masculine and feminine nouns
Professions and other nouns with both masculine and feminine forms
Number
Plural forms of nouns (regular and exceptions)
Prepositions
Basic Prepositions
Basic por vs. para (motion vs. destination)
Contractions
Advanced por vs. para (DREEMS vs. PRODDS)
Advanced expressions with por and para
Pronouns
Subject pronouns (personal pronouns)
Spanish “you” - (tú, vos, usted, vosotros, ustedes)
Object pronouns (pronouns after prepositions)
Direct Object Pronouns
Direct object pronoun placement
Indirect Object Pronouns
Indirect object pronoun placement
Possessive pronouns
Neuter possessive pronouns
Using direct and indirect object pronouns together
Demonstrative pronouns
Relative pronouns (que, quien, el que, el cual)
Neuter relative pronouns (lo que, lo cual)
Impersonal se
Impersonal se vs. passive se
Passive se
Pronunciation
Spanish Alphabet and Pronunciation
Spanish vowels
Spanish syllables
Word stress
Written accents (tildes)
Spanish punctuation
Verbs
Infinitive forms and finding stems for regular verbs
Other uses for infinitives
Present Participles
Other uses for the present participle (gerundio)
Past participle regular forms and uses
Irregular and stressed past participles
Present perfect - Using haber with past participles
Present Tense Forms
Present tense spelling changes
Stem Changing Verbs
Irregular present tense
Verbs like gustar
Basic ser vs. estar - D.O.T. vs. Lo.Co.
Uses of ser: descriptions
Uses of ser: origins
Uses of ser: time
Uses of estar: Location
Uses of estar: condition
Informal future (ir + a + infinitive)
Imperfect Tense Forms
Spanish Preterite Tense Forms
Spelling changes in the preterit
Stem changes in the preterit
Verbs that change meaning in the preterit
Preterit vs. Imperfect - differences and signifier phrases
Affirmative informal (tú) commands
Negative Tú Commands
Formal Affirmative and Negative Commands
Subjunctive vs. Indicative
Wishes & wants in the subjunctive
Emotions with the subjunctive
Impersonal expressions with the subjunctive
Recommendations & requests with the subjunctive
Doubts & denial with the subjunctive
Ojalá with the subjunctive
Uncompleted or prospective actions with the subjunctive
Present Subjunctive Regular and Irregular Forms
Present Progressive Forms
Saber vs. Conocer
Pedir vs. preguntar (to ask)
Reciprocal verbs and pronouns
Reflexive Verbs and Pronouns
Active vs. passive voice
Nosotros commands
Indirect commands
Imperfect progressive
Simple future regular forms and uses
Simple future irregular and stem changing forms
Hacer with expressions of time
Conditional regular and irregular forms and uses
Imperfect Subjunctive
Future subjunctive forms and uses
Past perfect forms and uses
Preterit perfect
Present Perfect Subjunctive
Future perfect
Conditional perfect forms and uses
Past Perfect Subjunctive Forms
Future perfect subjunctive forms and uses
Verb structures (transitive, intransitive, pronominal)
Ir vs. irse
Verbal periphrasis
Indicative mood
Imperative mood
Copular Verbs
________________________________________________________________
Spanish Grammar @ StudySpanish.com
Nine units full of very useful grammar! I plan to use this one myself for a bit of self-instruction before I go to Catalonia. My favorite part is it gives you flashcard ideas and has review.
Here are the units and their topics:
UNIT ONE
1. Gender of Nouns I
2. Gender of Nouns II
3. Numbers: 1-10
4. Plural Forms of Nouns
5. Def. & Indef. Articles
6. The Verb Form “hay”
7. Subject Pronouns
8. Reg. Verbs I
9. Reg. Verbs II
10. Reg. Verbs III
11. Adjectives I
12. Adjectives II
13. Days of the Week
14. Numbers: 11-30
UNIT TWO
15. Ser and Estar I
16. Ser and Estar II
17. Ser and Estar III
18. Ser and Estar IV
19. Negation
20. Questions
21. Poss. Adjectives
22. Tener, venir
23. Tener que / Hay que
24. Exp. with “Tener”
25. Weather Expressions
26. The Personal “a”
27. Contractions
UNIT THREE
28. Stem-Changing Verbs: o:ue
29. Stem-Changing Verbs: e:ie
30. Stem-changing verbs: e:i
31. Estar, Ir, Dar
32. “Ir a” + infinitive
33. Acabar de
34. Volver a
35. Ordinal Numbers
36. Months, Seasons, and Dates
37. Comparisons of Inequality
38. Comparisons of Equality
39. Superlatives
UNIT FOUR
40. Pronouns as Objects of Prepositions
41. Dir. Object Pronouns I
42. Dir. Object Pronouns II
43. Dir. Object Pronouns III
44. Ind. Object Pronouns I
45. Ind. Object Pronouns II
46. Ind. Object Pronouns III
47. DO and IO Pronouns Together
48. Verbs Like Gustar
49. Present Progressive
50. Verbs with Irregular 1st Persons
UNIT FIVE
51. Saber vs Conocer / Pedir vs Preguntar
52. Numbers: 31-1000
53. Telling Time
54. Por and Para
55. Irreg. Comparatives
56. Demonstratives
57. Time Expressions With Hacer
58. Possessive Pronouns
59. Reflexive Verbs I
60. Reflexive Verbs II
61. Definite Article II
UNIT SIX
62. Pret. vs Imp. I
63. Preterite I
64. Imperfect I
65. Preterite II
66. Imperfect II
67. Pret. vs Imp. II
68. Preterite III
69. Imperfect III
70. Preterite IV
71. Preterite V
72. Preterite VI
73. Pret. vs Imp. III
74. Pret. vs Imp. Review
UNIT SEVEN
75. “Hace …” to mean “ago”
76. Formation of Adverbs
77. Subjunctive I: Introduction
78. Subjunctive II: Conjugating regular and stem-changing verbs
79. Subjunctive III: Verbs that change orthographically
80. Subjunctive IV: Irregular verbs
81. Subjunctive V: Desire
82. Subjunctive VI: Ignorance, doubt
83. Subjunctive VII: Impersonal Expressions
84. Subjunctive VIII: Actions not yet completed
UNIT EIGHT
85. Rel. Pronouns - que
86. Rel. Pronouns - quien
87. Rel. Pronouns - el que and lo que
88. Rel. Adjective - cuyo
89. Rel. Pronouns and Adjectives - Review
90. Formal Commands
91. Inform. Commands - tú
92. Irreg. Commands - tú
93. Using Object Pronouns with Commands
94. Commands Review I
95. Informal Commands - vosotros
96. 1st Person Commands - nosotros
97. Indirect Commands
98. Commands Review II
UNIT NINE
99. Future
100. Past Participle
101. Present Perfect
102. Past Perfect
103. Future Perfect
104. Conditional
I hope this helps!
________________________________________________________________
Some other good websites:
121Spanish
PracticingSpanish
Rocket Languages
And if you plan to practice writing and don’t have a native speaker or proficient learner to help, here’s a Spanish editor!
Spanish Checker
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40 Spanish verbs
Listen we all know I can’t remember what I’ve already said or put in previous vocab lists, so we’re just slapping some verbs together and calling it a verb-centric vocab list. Bone apple teeth!
agarrar = to grab, to hold (or hold onto), to grip
irrumpir = “to storm in”, “to barge in”
facilitar = to make easy/easier, to facilitate
conllevar = to entail, to involve, to have to do with
teñir = to dye, to tinge, to change the color of something
teñirse el pelo/cabello = to dye one’s hair
fomentar = to encourage, to foster, to promote (good things like good press or tourism) / to incite (violence), to stir up (trouble), “to stir the pot”
disimular = to conceal, to pretend/hide (true feelings), to bluff, “to put on a brave face”
ojear = to take a quick look, to glance, to look over
latir = to beat (heart)
ningunear = to ignore, to give the cold shoulder, to brush off, to treat someone with disrespect
colocar = to put, to place
esfumarse = to vanish, to disappear
predicar = to preach / to advocate, to recommend, to extol
yuxtaponer = to juxtapose, to put next to one another, to put side by side
reproducir = to reproduce / to play (audio), to play back (audio)
regañar = to scold, to chastise
ubicar = to locate, to find / to place, to put in a spot or position / to recognize someone’s face, “to place”
frustrar = to thwart, to quash, to hinder, to make more difficult / to frustrate
susurrar = to whisper
[also used with sound effects like water “bubbling/babbling”, or leaves “rustling”; that’s also susurrar]
potenciar = to develop, to improve, to boost, to strengthen
valorar = to value, to prize / to assess, to evaluate, to appraise
timar = to swindle, to cheat someone, to con
exigir = to demand, to require
divulgar = to disclose, to make public / to divulge, to spread news
burlar = to evade, to avoid
burlarse (de) = to mock, to make fun of
abogar = to advocate, to champion, to speak/act in favor of / to defend (someone), to advocate for (someone)
ahuyentar = to ward off, to shoo away, to scare off
fingir = to pretend, to feign
transigir = to give in, to relent, to yield, to compromise
contar = to count / to tell (a story)
contar con alguien = to rely on someone, to trust someone
[in some contexts contar con algo may come across as “to boast of” in the sense of “to have”, like cuenta con mucho calor is “it normally is very hot” or “it boasts of high heat”]
eclipsar = to eclipse / to overshadow, to outshine
dominar = to dominate
dominar un idioma / una habilidad = to master a language / ability
quebrantar = to break, to smash
regir = to rule, to reign, to govern / to be in effect, to be in power
hojear = to skim (reading), to leaf through (reading/papers), to read quickly, to flip through (a book/papers)
asentir = to consent, to agree/to agree to, to assent
asentir con la cabeza = to nod, to nod in agreement
avisar = to warn, to notify
guardar = to keep (objects/secrets), to save, to look after / to watch over, to guard
ocultar = to hide, to conceal
afirmar = to confirm, to affirm / to stand firm, to affix, to place securely / to claim, to state
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Hi! I'm studying B1.2/B2 level Spanish and I want to learn * words to express things more*...(recently I learned,, conectores del discurso,, and some ,,frases hechas,,)
I'm sorry if you already posted something like this, I'm a new follower and I just saw that you have this account since 2013! (P.S.between it's hard for me to study words for any language; I have to write 1 word 10 times to memorize it,and others just read it once)
Have a great day!🌸
So I'm going to attach some of the (what I call) academic connectors. They're just words that I find really helpful for explaining things or especially in oral exams or written exams to sound more coherent and link your sentences together.
I suppose the more correct term is something like particles of speech or something along those lines, but they're the kinds of phrases you will want to know if you have any intention of writing in Spanish and especially if it's in an academic setting:
de hecho = in fact, as a matter of fact
no obstante = nevertheless, regardless
de todas formas = in any event, regardless
sin embargo = however, nevertheless
con respecto a (algo/alguien) = regarding (something/someone), with regards to (something/someone)
en cuanto a (algo/alguien) = regarding, with regards to
por lo general = in general
generalmente/normalmente = generally / normally
mayormente = for the most part, mostly, mainly
en su mayoría = mainly, in its majority, for the most part
en realidad = actually, in reality
actualmente = currently, nowadays
hoy en día = currently, nowadays, today
antiguamente = formerly, in the past, previously
por lo tanto = therefore, as such
a su paso = “in its wake”, “in its path”
a medida que = "as", "while (something is/was happening)"
ya que... = since, given that...
así = like that, that way
así que... = so..., that being the case...
pues... = then / since..., that being the case...
entonces = then [in a sequence of events] / then, consequently
por consiguiente / consiguientemente = consequently, as a consequence
de una vez = for once
de una vez por todas = once and for all
por enésima vez = "for the umpteenth time", "for the hundredth/millionth time" [hyperbolic]
al principio = in the beginning, at the start
al fin = at the end, in the end, at last, finally
lo primero es lo primero = “first things first”
por último, finalmente = lastly, finally, ultimately
dicho eso... = that being said...
susodicho/a = aforementioned
de antemano = beforehand
a lo largo de (periodo de tiempo) = throughout (time period)
durante = during / for
últimamente = lately, recently
según (algo/alguien) = according to (something/someone) / as per
de acuerdo con (algo) = as per (something), in accordance with
por lo visto = apparently, "it would seem..."
desde luego (que) = of course, surely
en absoluto = absolutely not, in no way
a pesar de (algo/alguien) = despite, in spite of (something/someone)
pese a (algo/alguien), despite, in spite of (something/someone)
a partir de = starting (at a point), since, from
a partir de hoy = starting today, from today on
a partir de aquí = from here on out
a partir de ahora = starting now, from now on
a partir de entonces = from that point on, from then on
a partir de mañana = as of tomorrow, starting tomorrow
de ahora/hoy en adelante = from now on, from this point on
en tal caso... = in that case...
por defecto = by default
principalmente = for the most part, mainly, mostly
además = furthermore, in addition
por casualidad = by chance, coincidentally
al azar = at random, randomly
al menos / por lo menos = at least
al contrario = on the contrary
por el contrario = by contrast
en cambio = in contrast, by contrast, conversely
al revés = upside-down, inside-out, topsy-turvy
(todo) patas arriba = “upside-down”, “everything in chaos”, “turned on its ear/head”
de igual manera = in the same way
de igual forma = in the same way
del mismo modo = in the same way
igualmente = likewise, in the same way
de manera diferente = differently
de otra manera = differently, in a different way
de otro modo = differently
tal y como = just like, exactly
tal y como es = exactly how it is
de/en cierto modo = in some way / in a sense
de cierta manera = in some way / in a sense
en algún sentido = in a sense
en cierto sentido = in a sense
de una manera u otra = one way or another
de una forma u otra = one way or another
apenas = hardly, barely
a duras penas = hardly, barely
a secas = plainly, simply
en lugar de, en vez de = instead (of)
[you’d phrase this as en lugar de algo “instead of something”, or en su lugar “in its stead” or “in its place”; it takes some getting used to]
por accidente, accidentalmente = accidentally, by mistake
todavía = still
de vez en cuando = “from time to time”
a la vez = at the same time, simultaneously
en promedio, como media = on average
por las buenas = “the easy way”
por las malas = “the hard way”
de corto plazo = short-term
de largo plazo = long-term
a cambio (de) = in exchange (for)
a propósito = on purpose, not an accident
por cierto = by the way
a/en todos los efectos = for all intents and purposes
en todo sentido = for all intents and purposes
mientras tanto = meanwhile
hasta = until, up to / even, including
hasta que + subjuntivo = until (something happens; subjunctive)
incluso = even, including
al pie de la letra = “to a T”, exactly, precisely, “by the book”
tomar al pie de la letra = to be very precise and methodical
(tomar algo) a la ligera = (to take something) lightly
por dondequiera / por doquier = “everywhere”, “every which way”, “all over the place”
de cabo a rabo = completely, through and through
al fin y al cabo = “at the end of the day”
por (el) otro lado = “on the other hand”
que yo sepa = as far as I know
que tú sepas = as far as you know
que nosotros sepamos = as far as we know
[follows conjugation rules for subjunctive saber]
es decir (que)... = that is to say..., in other words...
o sea... = in other words...
And obviously por and para which are their own issue but they come up a lot. Which is understandable but they’re a big hurdle even for people in the C levels
There are others that are better understood with examples because it’s not enough to just write it. So:
aun vs. aún
-aun with no accent is “even” and is synonymous with hasta or incluso
-aún with the accent is “yet” and is synonymous with todavía
o sea
-The expression o sea is used as “in other words”; do not confuse it with óseo/a which is “osseous” or “bone-related”, an adjectival form of hueso “bone”. Some people do write it as one word “osea” but it really should be separate... and sea is technically subjunctive ser
certain expressions with femenino de indeterminación
-a solas “one-on-one” or “privately”
-a sabiendas “knowing full well”
-a ciegas “blindly” or “in the dark”
-a escondidas “secretly”
And many others, some of which were in the longer vocab list above
subjunctive phrases [use with care]
-There are many phrases with subjunctive that you eventually need to know and they can be helpful in essays, though again this is its own topic. Things like para que “so that (something will happen)” or con tal (de) que “as long as (something happens)” are sort of subjunctive phrases of unmet conditions... things like “unless” or “until” things happen are subjunctive in many cases. Some like aunque become “although” with indicative and “even though / even if” in subjunctive... I say use with care because this is more of a functional vocab list not a grammar lesson.
solo, sólo, y solamente
-solo/a as an adjective means “only/single/a single person” or it means “alone”
-solo as an adverb is synonymous with sólo. The accent mark there is a vocal inflection so it’s like “ONLY”. You use either as “only” or “just”. Since it’s an adverb, solo will not change for gender/plural
-solamente is “solely” and is synonymous with solo/sólo
pero vs. sino
-pero is “but” when you’re changing the topic or providing different information; no es de Alemania pero habla alemán “he’s not German but he speaks German”
-sino is “but rather” when you’re correcting someone’s statement; no es alemán sino francés “he’s not German (but rather), he’s French”
I would also say it’s worth understanding how ya works because it’s got a lot of uses
I’m also going to attach some links to my tags that will help you navigate and find more of what you might be interested in:
Vocabulary
Idiomatic Expressions (especially the older entries tend to be more universal; the newer ones are expressions I tend to find and am interested in sharing so if you go into my archive and look for the tag “idiomatic expressions” or “expresiones idiomaticas”
Grammar ...which is probably not what you need right at this moment, but in case you want to peruse my stuff on different grammatical concepts I have everything from present tense to imperfect subjunctive
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Low effort language study tips
Beginner
Play on an app (e.g. Duolingo, Memrise, Lingodeer, HelloChinese etc.)
Text people in your target language on apps like HelloTalk and Tandem.
Listen to a language learning podcast in your free time.
Watch a children’s show or film with subtitles.
Read social media posts in your target language.
Reread your notes.
Speak to yourself in your target language.
Intermediate
Watch a YouTube video with subtitles in your target language.
Read a book you have already read in your native language in your target language without looking any of the words up.
Memorise extra vocabulary using an SRS flashcard app (e.g. Quizlet, Memrise and Anki)
Watch a film or TV show in your target language
Try calligraphy in your target language.
Advanced
Listen to a podcast in your dead time
Watch a film or TV show without subtitles (maybe a historical drama, because they tend to be interesting and with more complex language)
Write creatively in your target language
Listen to an audiobook
Watch vines and tiktoks in your target language
Have a relaxed conversation with a friend in your target language
Thanks for reading this post! I hope it was somewhat useful to you!
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Searching for langblrs + lingblrs
Hello everyone!! I feel like my dash is completely empty of LANGUAGE, so if you’re a langblr for any of the following languages please like or preferably reblog (to reach more people) and I’ll follow you. I mainly post Mandarin (intermediate) and some German (advanced).
- lingblr (linguistics). PLEASE OH GOD MY DASH HAS NO LINGUISTICS CONTENT AT ALL. Especially sociolinguistics, indigenous and minority languages, morphology, typology, historical linguistics. PARADIGMS.
- Mandarin (+ Literary Chinese, + other Chinese languages like Cantonese, Taiwanese etc). Please help me not learn alone lmao.
- Japanese
- German
- French
- Spanish (+ potentially Italian and Catalan)
- Dutch
- Norwegian
- Icelandic
- Hindi
- Tibetan
- Latin / Greek (both modern and ancient)
- Old Norse / Old English. PLEASE WHERE ARE YOU.
- Thai
- Korean
- Basque
- also blogs that post primarily in German, Chinese, French, Spanish, Norwegian or Dutch.
I’m not learning all of these languages, but either a) have learnt some in the past from A-level to ‘good morning’, or b) want to learn them in the future. Basically, if you are any kind of langblr vaguely related to any of those languages (I’m so desperate lmao, literally ‘language’ is fine, if you make posts about Turkish or Swahili or Arabic or any language I’m not learning I’m going to lap them up), PLEASE LIKE OR REBLOG. I’m loooooonely.
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just in case:
🧿🧿🧿🧿🧿🧿🧿🧿🧿🧿🧿🧿🧿🧿🧿🧿🧿🧿🧿🧿🧿🧿🧿🧿🧿🧿🧿🧿🧿🧿🧿🧿🧿🧿🧿🧿🧿🧿🧿🧿🧿🧿🧿🧿🧿🧿🧿🧿🧿🧿🧿🧿🧿🧿🧿🧿🧿🧿🧿🧿🧿🧿🧿🧿🧿🧿🧿🧿🧿🧿🧿🧿🧿🧿🧿🧿🧿🧿
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Spanish Vocabulary - Las materias escolares
Cosas
la materia = a school subject
el libro = book
la página = page
la carpeta = folder
el cuaderno = notebook
la tarea, los deberes = homework / task
la pizarra = blackboard
la tiza = chalk
el lápiz = pencil
la pluma = pen [lit. “feather, quill”]
el bolígrafo, el boli = pen [ballpoint]
el papel = paper
el ensayo = essay
el borrador = draft
la tesis = thesis
la lectura = reading, a reading assignment
la lección = lesson, lecture
la conferencia = lecture
el examen, los exámenes = test(s), exam(s)
la prueba = test, quiz
el tema = subject / theme
la pregunta = question
la respuesta = answer
el aula, las aulas = classroom, classrooms [feminine noun with masculine article like agua, alma, ave]
el título, el grado, la diploma = degree, diploma
el jardín de infancia, el jardín de niños = kindergarten
el kindergarten, el kínder = kindergarten [Latin America]
la escuela = school
la (escuela) primaria = elementary school
la secundaria = middle school
el colegio = high school
la universidad, la uni = university, college
la escuela de posgrado, la escuela posgraduada, la escuela de postgrado = graduate school
la escuela/universidad técnica = vocational school
académico/a = academic, related to school/university
escolar = scholarly, scholastic / school-related
estudantil = student-related
Personas
el maestro, la maestra = teacher
el profesor, la profesora = professor
el / la profe = “teach” [informal slang for profesor(a)]
el doctor, la doctora = doctor
el tutor, la tutora = tutor
el estudiante, la estudiante = student
el alumno, la alumna = student, pupil
el condiscípulo, la condiscípula = classmate / schoolmate [formal]
el compañero de clase, la compañera de clase = classmate [more common]
el director, la directora = principal / director / headmaster, headmistress
el decano, la decana = dean (of a university)
el enfermero, la enfermera = nurse
el consejero, la consejera = adviser, counselor
el consejero académico, la consejera académica = guidance counselor [lit. “academic counselor/adviser”]
el socio, la socia = partner
el / la colega = colleague
el / la conserje (o conserja) = janitor, custodian / concierge (hotel)
Las materias escolares
el ámbito de estudio / el campo de estudio = field of study
el ámbito de trabajo / el campo de trabajo =
el ámbito de… = the field of…
las matemáticas, las mates = mathematics, maths [Spain]
la matemática, la mate = mathematics, math [Latin America]
el álgebra = algebra [feminine noun with masculine article like agua, alma, ave]
la geometría = geometry
la trigonometría = trigonometry
el cálculo = calculus
las finanzas, la administración = finance
la contabilidad, la administración = accounting
la gestión = management, administration
la economía = economics
la estadística = statistics [as a field of study]
la historia = history
la geografía = geography
la antropología = anthropology
la ciencia, las ciencias = science, sciences
la medicina = medicine
la medicina deportiva = sports medicine
la odontología = dentistry
la educación física = physical education
la veterinaria = veterinary medicine
la zoología = zoology / animal science
la enfermería = nursing / medical study
la biología = biology / life science
la biología marina = marine biology
la ecología = ecology
la agricultura = agriculture
la arquitectura = architecture
la ingeniería = engineering
la química = chemistry
la geología = geology / earth science
la meteorología = meteorology / weather science
la astronomía = astronomy
la psicología, la sicología = psychology
la psiquiatría, la siquiatría = psychiatry
la sociología = sociology
la filosofía = philosophy
la política / la ciencia política = politics / political science
la literatura = literatura
el arte = art
la historia del arte = art history
las bellas artes = fine arts
el arte culinario = culinary arts
el arte gráfico = graphic arts
el arte dramático = dramatic arts
el drama, el teatro = drama, theater
la historia del teatro = theater history
los artes liberales / las humanidades = liberal arts / humanities
el periodismo = journalism
la ciencia empresarial = business science
el negocio = business
el Derecho = Law
la abogacía = law / study to become a lawyer
la lengua, el idioma = language
las lenguas extranjeras, los idiomas extranjeros = foreign languages
la lingüística = linguistics
la traducción = translation
la interpretación = interpreting
la informática = computer science / information technology (IT)
la ciencia computacional = computer science
la física = physics
la educación, la enseñanza = teaching
Verbos
estudiar = to study
estudiar en el extranjero = to study abroad
aprender = to learn
enseñar = to teach
entregar = to hand in, to turn in
escribir = to write
leer = to read
escuchar = to hear / to listen
oír = to hear / to listen
pensar = to think
acordarse = to remember
recordar = to recall, to remember
practicar = to practice
empezar a hacer algo = to start to do something
comenzar a hacer algo = to begin to do something
ayudar = to help
investigar = to investigate / to research
licenciarse = to graduate, to get a degree
graduarse = to graduate (from school)
preguntar = to question, to wonder
hacer una pregunta = to ask a question
tener una pregunta = to have a question
contestar = to answer
ensayar = to try out, to test / to rehearse (theater)
poner a prueba = to put to the test
empeorar = to get worse, to worsen
mejorar = to get better, improve
desarrollar = to develop, to build
desarrollarse = to grow, to develop (oneself)
prestar (la) atención = to pay attention
equivocarse = to be wrong
tener (la) razón = to be right
tener sentido = to make sense
*Note: There are some regionalisms in here, and some have so many regionalisms I couldn’t include them on the list.
For instance, “to take a test” has so many regionalisms it’s difficult to list them all. In Mexico you’re probably going to hear presentar un examen. Some places will say hacer un examen, some even put it as el maestro / la maestra pone un examen a los estudiantes.
The default way of saying “to take a test” is dar un examen which is literally “to give an exam”, because you hand a test in to your teacher. Along the same lines, the default way a teacher “gives a test” is tomar un examen because they “take” the tests that the students turn in. For that reason, dar un examen is often translated as “to sit for an exam” to help the meaning come across more easily.
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Note: I’ve always wanted to make a post about this so here I am! Please be aware that I tried to make this list as standard as I could but swearing is very different throught Spanish-speaking countries so many words could have a different meaning in X country that Y country. Also, I am Guatemalan so this is based on my culture a little.
Nouns
la puta - the bitch
la zorra - the bitch (femenine for fox)
la perra - the bitch (femenine for dog)
mierda - shit
caca - shit
verga - cock/dick
culero* - asshole
mierdero - shit maker
pendejo - dumbass
mula* - donkey
estúpido - stupid
maje* - dumbass
hij@ de puta - son of a bitch
maldito - cursed/goddamned
serote* - motherfucker
cabrón - motherfucker (can also mean someone very skilled in some countries)
comemierda - shit eater
la chingada - fuck (not literally)
idiota - idiot
imbécil - idiot (more offensive)
Phrases
Andate a la mierda - go to shit
Comé mierda - eat shit
La que te parió - the one that gave birth to you
Shó* - shut the fuck up
No me jodas - don´t fuck with me
A huevos* - of course (quite vulgar)
Andate a la verga - fuck off
(Basically you can get creative with your phrases, everyone does)
*These are all Guatemalan expressions.
P.S: please feel free to add your own!
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Lazy Vocab in Spanish
Nouns
el sofá: couch
la almohada: pillow
la cama: bed
la televisión: TV
la película: movie
la computadora: computer
el libro: book
la siesta: nap
Verbs
dormir: to sleep
tomar una siesta: to take a nap
mirar television: to watch TV
ver una película: to watch a movie
navegar por internet: to surf the internet
hacer nada: to do nothing
escuchar música: to listen to music
leer un libro: to read a book
descansar(se): to rest
relajar(se): to relax
Adjectives
perezoso(a): lazy
cansado(a): tired
cálido(a): warm
aburrido(a): bored
blando(a): soft
cómodo(a): comfortable
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