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ddddudas · 4 years

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Faster and Impartial Consideration in Child Custody: A Petition to Revise Articles 176 & 213 of the Philippine Family Code

THE FAMILY CODE OF THE PHILIPPINES (Executive Order No. 209, s. 1987)

- Signed July 6, 1987 by then President Corazon Cojuangco Aquino. The basic law covers laws on marriage, as is the law on conjugal property relations, rules on establishing filiation, and the governing provisions on a child’s support, parental authority, custody, and adoption.

Article 176

• Illegitimate children shall use the surname and shall be under the parental authority of their mother, and shall be entitled to support in conformity with this Code. The legitime of each illegitimate child shall consist of one-half of the legitime of a legitimate child. Except for this modification, all other provisions in the Civil Code governing successional rights shall remain in force.

Article 213

• In case of separation of the parents, parental authority shall be exercised by the mother as designated by the Court. The Court shall take into account all relevant considerations, especially the choice of the child over seven years of age, unless the parent chosen is unfit.

Article 363 of the New Civil Code of the Philippines

• “In all questions on the care, custody, education and property of children the latter’s welfare shall be paramount. No mother shall be separated from her child under seven years of age, unless the court finds compelling reasons for such measure.”

(Atty. Fred, 2006)

• The law categorically provides that no child under seven years of age shall be separated from the mother, unless the court finds compelling reasons to order otherwise (Article 213, Family Code). In other words, the law presumes that the mother is the best custodian, which finds its reason in the basic need of a child for his mother’s loving care. Moreover, insofar as illegitimate children are concerned, they are under the parental authority of their mother (Article 176, Family Code).

• The general rule is that a child under seven years of age shall not be separated from his mother, which is based on the basic need of a child for his mother’s loving care

According to Guerin (2019), the law favors the maternal side because a mother is typically the one to feed the child from birth through the toddler years and that closeness allows for a different of bond than a father might have with a child. Mothers are more likely to take more time off work or stay home entirely with their child than fathers. This clearly depicts gender stereotyping which we wish to resolve involving the Parent-Child Bond in parenting and also reasons in child custody.

However, there are certain alternatives that can satisfy the needs of child in terms of feeding. Some examples of alternative feedings that the father can provide in order to take care of the child are formula feeding (bottle feeding), cup feeding and human donor milk. These alternatives are considered equally as beneficial as breastfeeding itself.

The number one thing the court considers when determining custody and visitation rights is the best interests of the child. Ideally, this includes time spent with each parent, and each parent being involved in the child’s upbringing. Courts do not like depriving parents of their rights unless they deem it absolutely necessary. Other factors include: Financial Status of Each Parent: Whether they can properly care for the child in a financial sense; Residence of the Parents: Whether the child has formed strong attachments to their local community and school; Moral Character of Each Parent: Whether the parent treats the child with love and respect, and provide the child with a safe and stable environment, etc.

To restate our groups main petition and just for clarity, all of this petition are only applicable for all children below 7 years old, we would want to reform some of the articles included in the family code namely articles 176, 213 and 363. For article 176, we would want to revise the issue stated in it particularly in the surname of the mother being used by the child in custody. For article 213 we would want the capabilities and skills of the father to be recognized and considered and not automatically be given to the mother. For article 363 although we are not removing the responsibility of the mother to the young child, we are again reconsidering the accountability and capability of the father to the child. For conclusion our group would want to break the gender stigma present in the Philippine constitution.

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ddddudas · 4 years

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Original Character

Profile

Real Name: Alan Armstrong

Alias: Morph

Citizenship: American

Occupation: Astronaut

Height: 6′4″

Weight: 81 kg

Unusual Features: Body Covered with celestial tattoo markings

Powers

Super Strength

Metamorph

Power Mimicry

Plot

Exposition

After years of preparation, Project Centauri has finally blasted off. Alan Armstrong was one of the crew of the project, exploring the great abyss of space. He’s a well-known physicist that’s why he’s part of the team. A few light-years away from Earth, an unknown energy source blasted the ship, killing all of the crew except Alan. Alan was only badly injured due to unknown reasons.

Rising Action

Alan woke up in a mysterious prison cell. It was dark and all he can hear are people cheering from the outside. A beam of light struck his eyes, a door was slowly opening before him. The noise became clearer and louder as the door opens wide. Confused, Alan stepped out of the dark room and the next thing he knew was that he was in an arena, with millions of strange creatures.

He tried to escape but there’s just no way out. All he could do was to run, shout, and evade the attacks of the creatures. The King easily noticed him. One alien suddenly attacked him and he passed out.

Climax

While unconscious, he dreamt of the alien king saying that he would grant him powers and in exchange, he should win the game, so that he could return to Earth. He woke up and everyone was surprised about his new appearance and powers.

Falling Action

He tested his powers and was still struggling with them. But at the end, he won the competition.

Denouement

He went back to Earth and promised to use his newly acquired powers for good. After some time, He joined the Avengers.

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ddddudas · 4 years

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Different Kinds of Characters

1) Dynamic Character

Beca Mitchell

Beca is the main protagonist in the trilogy of Pitch Perfect, a film full of flumsy dancing, awkward singing and a lot of vocalizations. Well, that’s acapella, what do we expect? Beca thinks of it just like that. Beca possesses characteristics that define a dynamic character because at first she doesn’t like singing and all the acapella stuff but as the story goes, she grew and learned to love it. At the end, she ended up leading her acapella group.

2) Static Character

Finn the Human

Finn is a human boy from the animated series Adventure Time. What makes him a static character is his drive to become a hero. Not in a single episode does Finn forgets to help everyone in need. He always saves the day. His heroism remained all throughout the series.

3) Round Character

Marceline

Marceline, the vampire queen, is also from the animated series Adventure Time. She’s a mischievous vampire and always plays around. In some episodes, she helps finn and jake in their conquest and in saving the day. However, there are cases that marceline in some other episodes fight finn and jake themselves and act as a threat for them. By this, we can conclude that marceline has contradicting attitude towards the characters of the series.

4) Flat Character

Hulk

Hulk will always smash! He is definitely a flat character because of his secret. Do you wanna know his secret? That He’s always angry ;) Hulk’s character clearly only defines one word which is “smash” for he is always smashing things and people. But hey, at least he’s doing it for the greater good right?

5) Stock Character

Hey hey

Do you know what disney princesses have in common aside from their similarities in singing and crying and true loves kiss and happily ever after kinds of stuff? It’s that they all have animal companions! Flounder for Ariel, Mushu for Mulan, Pascal for Rapunzel, the mice for Cinderella, the beast for Belle (JUST KIDDING). They seemed like very friendly to animals huh? Stock characters are characters that had become a brand in the media or film industry. Hey hey is one of them. Hey hey is the animal companion of Moana of Motunui, sorta. He may not be a talking animal not like flounder and mushu but he stayed by Moana’s side from one isle to another.

6) Protagonist

Spider-man/Peter Parker

Your friendly neighborhood spider-man. He is my favorite protagonist in all films that i’ve seen. As a Marvel fan, no one could ever change my mind of choosing him as my favorite character. I see myself in him. He’s young and playful but also righteous at the same time. His drive to prove himself and to become an avenger made him a good character. He is one of the most iconic superhero in the superhero franchise, no doubt.

7) Antagonist

Hela

The Goddess of the Death in the Norse Mythology and the fiercest villain in the whole Marvel Cinematic Universe. After Odin died, she wanted to take whar is rightfully hers, the throne of Asgard (’cause she’s Odin’s firstborn but daddy is bad so she banished Hela and chose Thor instead to take over the throne), so she challenged Thor. She’s powerful and wicked. She even took Thor’s one eye :0 That’s how strong she is. Hela is just...wow... I love her. !!!Plus the costume is an 11/10!!!

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ddddudas · 4 years

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We were asked to have a brief inquiry of knowledge about the 1972 Regime and the Martial Law era in the Philippine History. I asked some questions to my grandmother since she experienced what life is during that time. Here are some of the questions and her answer:

1. What do you remember about Marcos?

“Marcos reigned and is seated President for almost 20 years. Many hated him. Many wanted to overthrow him.”

2. What do you remember about Martial Law?

“During Martial Law, you are not allowed to talk against the government and against him because they will capture and torture you. The law is at the military’s hands.”

3. Do you think it was a bad time in the Philippine History?

“Yes. They really don’t want martial law during that time, even now. We don’t want it.”

4. Why should we study this period in our history?

“For the new generation, including you, to he aware of what Martial Law is.”

5. What is the most memorable experience that you had during martial law?

“Since your grandfather and I own a bakery, we thought of how we can help during the Revolution. The nuns from our parish informed us that they will be participating in EDSA. So we thought, why not give them our bread so that they can have something to eat during the revolution. So we did gave them bread.”

People who lived during those times of hardship in our country poses different and diversified opinion about the past. All we need to do is to understand them deeply and respect their insights about those era.

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