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Jessica Goldbogen Harlan
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Spotted: signs of a planet about 28 million light-years away 🔎 🪐
For the first time, astronomers may have detected an exoplanet candidate outside of the Milky Way galaxy. Exoplanets are defined as planets outside of our Solar System. All other known exoplanets and exoplanet candidates have been found in the Milky Way, almost all of them less than about 3,000 light-years from Earth.
This new result is based on transits, events in which the passage of a planet in front of a star blocks some of the star's light and produces a characteristic dip. Researchers used our Chandra X-ray Observatory to search for dips in the brightness of X-rays received from X-ray bright binaries in the spiral galaxy Messier 51, also called the Whirlpool Galaxy (pictured here). These luminous systems typically contain a neutron star or black hole pulling in gas from a closely orbiting companion star. They estimate the exoplanet candidate would be roughly the size of Saturn, and orbit the neutron star or black hole at about twice the distance of Saturn from the Sun.
This composite image of the Whirlpool Galaxy was made with X-ray data from Chandra and optical light from our Hubble Space Telescope.
Credit: X-ray: NASA/CXC/SAO/R. DiStefano, et al.; Optical: NASA/ESA/STScI/Grendler
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“NGC 6995: The Bat Nebula ” Is the NASA Astronomy Picture of the Day of today, October 27, 2021
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Timeline of the far future (Astronomical)
The timelines displayed here cover events from the beginning of the 11th millennium to the furthest reaches of future time. A number of alternative future events are listed to account for questions still unresolved, such as whether humans will become extinct, whether protons decay, and whether the Earth survives when the Sun expands to become a red giant.
10,000 years
The red supergiant star Antares will likely have exploded in a supernova. The explosion is expected to be easily visible in daylight. (1,000 000 for Betelgeuse)
36,000 years
The small red dwarf Ross 248 will pass within 3.024 light-years of Earth, becoming the closest star to the Sun. It will recede after about 8,000 years, making first Alpha Centauri again and then Gliese 445 the nearest stars.
100,000 yeas
The proper motion of stars across the celestial sphere, which is the result of their movement through the Milky Way, renders many of the constellations unrecognisable.
1 million years
Desdemona and Cressida, moons of Uranus, will likely have collided.
50 million years
Maximum estimated time before the moon Phobos collides with Mars.
600 million years
Tidal acceleration moves the Moon far enough from Earth that total solar eclipses are no longer possible.
3 billion years
There is a roughly 1-in-100,000 chance that the Earth might be ejected into interstellar space by a stellar encounter before this point, and a 1-in-3-million chance that it will then be captured by another star. Were this to happen, life, assuming it survived the interstellar journey, could potentially continue for far longer.
3.6 billion years
Neptune’s moon Triton falls through the planet’s Roche limit, potentially disintegrating into a planetary ring system similar to Saturn's
4 billion years
Median point by which the Andromeda Galaxy will have collided with the Milky Way, which will thereafter merge to form a galaxy dubbed “Milkomeda”. The planets of the Solar System are expected to be relatively unaffected by this collision.
5.4 billion years
With the hydrogen supply exhausted at its core, the Sun leaves the main sequence and begins to evolve into a red giant.
7.59 billion years
The Earth and Moon are very likely destroyed by falling into the Sun, just before the Sun reaches the tip of its red giant phase and its maximum radius of 256 times the present-day value. Before the final collision, the Moon possibly spirals below Earth's Roche limit, breaking into a ring of debris, most of which falls to the Earth’s surface. During this era, Saturn’s moon Titan may reach surface temperatures necessary to support life. 7.9 billion years: The Sun reaches the tip of the red-giant branch of the Hertzsprung–Russell diagram, achieving its maximum radius of 256 times the present-day value. In the process, Mercury, Venus, and very likely Earth are destroyed.
100-150 billion years
The Universe’s expansion causes all galaxies beyond the former Milky Way’s Local Group to disappear beyond the cosmic light horizon, removing them from the observable universe.
800 billion years
Expected time when the net light emission from the combined “Milkomeda” galaxy begins to decline as the red dwarf stars pass through their blue dwarf stage of peak luminosity.
1014 (100 trillion years)
High estimate for the time until normal star formation ends in galaxies. This marks the transition from the Stelliferous Era to the Degenerate Era; with no free hydrogen to form new stars, all remaining stars slowly exhaust their fuel and die.
1030 years
Estimated time until those stars not ejected from galaxies (1%–10%) fall into their galaxies’ central supermassive black holes. By this point, with binary stars having fallen into each other, and planets into their stars, via emission of gravitational radiation, only solitary objects (stellar remnants, brown dwarfs, ejected planetary-mass objects, black holes) will remain in the universe.
2×1036 years
Estimated time for all nucleons in the observable universe to decay, if the hypothesized proton half-life takes its smallest possible value (8.2×1033 years).
5.8×1068 years
Estimated time until a stellar mass black hole with a mass of 3 solar masses decays into subatomic particles by Hawking radiation.
10^10^10^68 years
Around this vast timeframe, quantum tunnelling in any isolated patch of the vacuum could generate, via inflation, new Big Bangs giving birth to new universes.
Because the total number of ways in which all the subatomic particles in the observable universe can be combined is 10^10^150 a number which, when multiplied by10^10^10^56, disappears into the rounding error, this is also the time required for a quantum-tunnelled and quantum fluctuation-generated Big Bang to produce a new universe identical to our own, assuming that every new universe contained at least the same number of subatomic particles and obeyed laws of physics within the range predicted by string theory.
(source)
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Link: https://www.astrobin.com/bwylog/
https://apod.nasa.gov/apod/ap181102.html
Explanation: The ghost of a long-dead star, the W63 supernova remnant shines like a faint cosmic smoke-ring along the plane of the Milky Way galaxy toward the northern constellation Cygnus the swan. Its wraithlike appearance is traced against the region’s rich complex of interstellar clouds and dust by an eerie blue glow. [..] Likely over 5,000 light-years away, the visible part of the still expanding shell supernova remnant is around 150 light-years in diameter. So far no source has been identified as with the remains of W63’s original star. Light from the star’s supernova explosion would have reached Earth over 15,000 years ago.
I will never comprehend the mentality, the vanity, the unbridled narcissism, which insists that all this vastness, this literally astronomical destruction, is going on under the direction of their best friend, who is deeply invested in one particular species of primates on one particular planet, and whether or not they’re applauding loud enough.
Every dot represents a place nobody has ever heard of any of Earth’s gods.
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The universe is much larger and much more complex than a limited brain can understand, from Planck length to the ends of the Universe, from life on Earth to other "life" out there. Anyone who thinks he is intellectually superior to others lives in a tiny universe of his ego.
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Tag someone who is upset and needs to see this ❤️
Via astrogeekz
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One day the universe whispered to me, and it said
Here, I present you with a gift… don’t mess it up.
And I won’t.
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