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Video
Final Music Video
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Evaluation
Recording & Editing
I filmed the footage for my music video between December 27th and January 7th in my back yard and by Nottingham canal. However, I also filmed some last minute footage on January 15th as I felt that I didn't have enough footage. I only used my camera to record the footage as I wanted to pan whilst shooting and I also wanted the footage to seem more natural. I could have used a tripod for one of the scenes, but I didn’t think I’d have time to set it up. I did use my neutral density (ND) filters however, as this reduced the amount of light entering the lens reducing the overall exposure of the scene, resulting in better exposed footage. I used an aperture of between f/8 and f/22 for most of the scenes as I wanted to keep everything in focus. However, I used a small aperture for one of the scenes as I wanted to keep the background out of focus and draw the viewer's attention to the foreground. I kept the shutter speed at 1/50 of a second because I had set the frame rate to 24 frames per second (fps) and the resolution to 720. I also completely removed the sharpness as this removed the possibility of seeing lines within detailed objects as well as any chance of losing fine details, I completely reduced the contrast as this removed the chance of losing details in the shadows, and finally I slightly reduced the saturation. Once I had recorded enough footage, I imported it into Adobe Premiere and began the editing process. I converted all of the clips to black & white as this complimented the music. I altered the levels and curves to add more depth, enhance the shadows, highlights and midtones, and to bring out more detail. I faded each clip in and out as this helped give the video the effect I was striving for – a sombre, kind of depressed feel. I also faded the music in and out for the same reason, as well as the fact it gives it a more professional quality than an abrupt beginning and end. I slowed down some of the footage as this helped it fit the music better. There was some footage I had to speed up as it at its original speed it moved too slowly to fit in with the rest of the footage and the music.
Idea Generation & Message Communication
Structure
For the footage of the ice melting, I used a close-up as this was the most effective way for me to show what was happening and communicate my intended message. When I filmed the footage of the moon, I had to go for a long shot as I don’t have a lens with a focal length long enough for that type of shot, but this also helps show the passage of time and helps communicate my intended message. For the footage of the duck, I went for a medium shot as a close-up wouldn't have revealed as much of the scene, but a long shot would have been too far out and it would have been more difficult to understand the message I hoped to communicate. Two of the shots are longer than the other because I had to slow them down so that they fit the music better. The other clip is quite short so I had to speed it up in order for it to fit in. I applied a dip to black between each clip as this slows down the progression of the video slightly making it fit the music, whereas if the clips had simply cut from one to another, this would have been too fast paced and energetic, and this wouldn't have fitted in with the music or my intended message at all. I also faded the footage of the ice melting in and footage of the duck out for the same reason. The focal point of the ice melting is the ice and the steam coming off it because this was the best way I could think of to show the renewal and changing of winter into spring. It also communicates a little sadness. The footage of the moon is focussed on the moon because it conveys a strong feeling of loneliness, especially with the clouds moving across it. I decided to focus on a duck for the final clip because this is a good way to end the video – with the duck swimming out of the shot. It also conveys loneliness as the duck is alone and not with another duck. This makes you feel a little sad as most people don’t like being alone or seeing others on their own.
Evaluation
Overall, I would say that my music video is very successful as it starts of quite strongly with the melting ice and finishes with an even stronger clip with the lone duck swimming off screen. However, I feel that it could be even more successful by adding in at least one clip of the rain falling into the canal. I could also have made each clip a little shorter. The strongest points of this video are the pace, and way I edited it. The weakest point is the second clip as I didn’t use a tripod. If the opportunity to redo this assignment was presented to me, I would: use a tripod for some of the shots as one or two of them were far too shaky, experiment with my ND filters to determine which one would be most effective for each scene, and venture out in the rain so that I could have a wider selection of footage to choose from.
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After repeating the process above with every clip I wanted to use, I added the music by dragging it to the Audio 1 section of the timeline. I then searched for fade in the effects library and dragged Exponential Fade onto the timeline in front of the audio clip to fade it in, and behind it to fade it out. Finally, I rendered my project by ensuring that the timeline was selected and pressing CTRL & M. Once the Export Settings window had opened, I selected the format I wanted to export in, H.264, and the Preset, Vimeo HD 720p 23.976fps, and pressed Export. Rendering times depend on how long your video is, the format and preset you have selected, and how many effects you’ve applied.
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I repeated the process with curves, but I only moved the top and bottom point of each curve as adjusting the curve itself would have given the clip a tint, which is something I wanted to avoid. Once I was happy with the clip, I clicked on the Source tab in the preview pane, and Project in the clip bin, dragged the second clip into it, and set new in and out points for it before adding it to the timeline. Once I had added the clip to the timeline, I went to the effects library again, typed in black, and dragged Dip to Black onto the timeline between both clips. From here I could control the speed of the transition making the fade between clips faster or slower. I zoomed into the timeline by dragging the little square to the left of the scroll bar at the bottom.
To render all of the effects I have added so far, I made sure the timeline was selected, and the pressed enter. This makes playback smoother during the editing process.
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Once I was happy with the speed of the clip, and fade, I clicked on the Effects tab in the clip bin, and typed Black into the search bar. This brought up two options, one in Image Control – black and white, and one in Video Transitions – Dissolve – Dip to Black. My intention here was to convert the clip to black & white, so I clicked on black and white, and dragged it onto the clip. To alter the levels in the clip, I searched for Levels in the effects library, and dragged Levels onto the clip. I then clicked on Effects Control in the preview pane and clicked on the icon next to the word Levels, this brought up the levels slider allowing me to adjust the shadows, highlights, and midtones.
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Once I was satisfied with the new length of the clip, I dragged in onto the Video 1 section of the timeline. From there, I added a key frame to the start of the clip and dragged it all the way down, and the created a second key frame a little further along and dragged it all the way up. To change the speed of the fade, I dragged the second key frame along the clip until I was happy. Once I was satisfied with the speed of the fade, I clicked on the arrow next to Opacity on the clip, and selected Time Remapping → Speed. This allowed me to slow down, or speed up, the clip by dragging the line on the clip up or down. This changes the speed of the fade as well as the speed of the clip, so I had to return to opacity and drag the second key frame until I was happy with the speed.
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After clicking OK, the work space opened. From here, I selected the clip bin and pressed CTRL & I to select the video files I wanted to import. I also imported any audio files I wanted to use this way. Once I had imported all the files I wanted to use, I dragged the first clip into the preview pane where I selected new in and out points.
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After opening Premier I clicked on New, selected HDV from the Capture Format menu, named my video, selected the folder I wanted to save it in, and clicked OK. Then I was presented with the Sequence menu which is where I had to choose the format I had recorded my video in. in this case HDV720p24.
This means that I shot in high definition at 720 pixels and 24 frames per second (fps).
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vimeo
Test Footage
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Quiz #2
Describe what is meant by the term jump cuts?
A jump cut is a cut where two consecutive shots are taken of one subject from almost the same angle – it varies only very slightly. This creates the effect of moving forward in time. It’s the direction of materialistic space using the continuity of a single shot. This type of cut quickly conveys the passing of time compared to the smoothness of the dissolve used mainly in films before Jean-Luc Godard released Breathless which was the first film to extensively use jump cuts.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jump_cut (14/01/15)
2. Explain the meaning of the term intercutting
Intercutting is cutting from one type of shot (a close up) to another type of shot (long shot). It is also where shots from other scenes or flashbacks are inserted into the narrative of the film.
http://dictionary.reference.com/browse/intercut (14/01/15)
3. What was the name of the famous surrealist painter who produced the film Un Cheu Andalou?
Salvador Dahli
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Quiz
What does the term ‘rack focusing’ mean?
Rack Focus is where the point of focus (pof) changes from one character, or object, to another that is close to, or further away, from the camera. There is usually very little, if any, movement from the camera. It is used to subtly direct the viewer’s attention to a specific area of the scene.
http://tvtropes.org/pmwiki/pmwiki.php/Main/RackFocus (07/01/15)
2. What is a slider or dolly and what is it used for?
A dolly is a piece of equipment that allows you to move the camera within a shot. It is often used during the recording of Hollywood movies. They are large enough to hold the camera, camera operator, and camera assistant.
A slider is a much simpler, and smaller, version of a dolly. It consists of two rails and a carriage. As it is lightweight and portable, it allows you to move more freely. The only thing you need to do in order to get a slider working is attach it to a tripod. You can also place it on any flat surface. However, unlike a dolly, the slider is designed for shooting short scenes.
http://www.brighthub.com/multimedia/video/articles/121359.aspx (07/01/15)
3. What is the main purpose of a neutral density filter when used outdoors?
A neutral density filter is used to filter out the sunlight to allow you to use a wide aperture and get a shallow depth-of-field.
4. What is the difference between active auto-focus and passive auto-focus? Which works the best and why?
With active autofocus the camera emits infrared signals so that it can determine how far away the subject is, and generally works best when shooting subjects that are 20 feet (6 meters) away. There are a variety of methods used by infrared systems to determine distance, including triangulation, the amount of infrared light that reflects back off the subject, and time.
http://electronics.howstuffworks.com/autofocus2.htm (07/01/15)
Passive autofocus uses computer analysis of the scene where the camera moves the lens back & forth in an attempt to find the best point of focus. Typical auto focus sensors are charge coupled devices (CCDs) that uses data input to determine the contrast of the elements within the picture.
http://electronics.howstuffworks.com/autofocus3.htm (07/01/15)
5. What is meant by the term DSLM or mirrorless and what are the pros and cons?
A mirrorless camera takes in the light through the lens and projects it straight onto the sensor before displaying a preview of the image on the screen. Some of these cameras contain a second screen within the electronic viewfinder.
http://www.tomsguide.com/us/dslr-vs-mirrorless-cameras,news-17736.html (07/01/15)
These cameras are lighter and smaller than DSLRs.
The autofocus in these cameras is slower than that of a DSLR.
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Initial Response to Instrumental Tracks for Assignment
Raymond Scott – Powerhouse (Cartoon Version)
When I listen to this song I feel happy and lively.
The colours that this song helps me to visualize are green, red, and grey.
When I listen to this song I am reminded of 1990s America.
A scene that would fit this music would be a chase scene where a father is playing tag with his son and they keep running in and out of the house, garden, and street.
RZA – Funky Theme
When I listen to this song I feel lively and cool.
The colours that this song helps me to visualize are black & white, and grey with some muted blues.
When I listen to this song I am reminded of 1970s America.
A scene that would fit this music would be a man casually walking down the street with a spring in his step, twirling his cane.
Zomes – Night Signs
When I listen to this song I get feelings of mystery and suspense.
The colours that this song helps me to visualize are midnight blue and deep purple.
When I listen to this song I am reminded of 1980s England.
John Fahey – On the Beach Waikiki
When I listen to this song I feel relaxed.
The colours the song helps me visualize are orange, red, and green.
When I listen to this song I am reminded of America from the 70s through to the 90s.
A scene that would fit this song would be a group of friends sat around a camp fire roasting marshmallows whilst one plays the banjo.
Minutemen – Cohesion
When I listen to this song I feel calm.
The colours this song helps me visualize are red, orange, green, and brown.
When I listen to this song I am reminded of America from the 90s.
A scene that would fit this music would be a man walking down the street at dusk having just had an argument with his girlfriend.
John Barry – Florida Fantasy
When I listen to this song I feel happy.
The colours this song helps me visualize are orange, red, and yellow.
When I listen to this song I am reminded of Spain from the late 90s onwards.
A scene that would fit this song would be a band playing at a bar whilst people are chatting happily, and even dancing.
Miles Davis – Générique
When I listen to this song I feel calm and thoughtful.
The colours this song helps me visualize are white and grey.
When I listen to this song I am reminded of 1960s America.
A scene that would fit this song would be a man sat in a Jazz lounge sipping a cocktail with a band playing in the background.
Clara Rockmore – Tchaikovsky: Valse Sentimentale
When I listen to this song I feel a little uneasy.
The colours this song helps me visualize are blue, yellow, and green.
When I listen to this song I am reminded of Italy from around the 80s.
A scene that would fit this song would be an alien craft descending on small village with the aliens abducting anyone on the streets.
Richard Thomson – Streamwalk
When I listen to this song I feel relaxed, and sad.
The colours this song helps me visualize are red, green, orange, and yellow.
When I listen to this song I am reminded of England and America from the 90s.
A scene that would fit this song would be a man who has died in hospital after a tragic accident with his family stood around him as the camera slowly moves away from his body, around the room, and out of the door before fading to black.
Fugazi – Slo Crostic
When I listen to this song I feel lively and energetic.
The colours this song helps me visualize are yellow, orange, purple, and white.
When I listen to this song I am reminded of England from the late 90s.
A scene that would fit this song would be a group of friends having a barbeque and then having a water fight.
Piero Piccioni – Babylon I’m Coming
When I listen to this song I feel happy.
The colours this song helps me visualize are yellow, white, and orange.
When I listen to this song I am reminded of England from 1970/80.
A scene that would fit this song would be a group of people taking a road trip, with a montage of the best moments.
Yann Tiersen – Comptine d’été №3
When I listen to this song I feel happy and lively.
The colours this song helps me visualize are yellow, orange, and blue.
When I listen to this song I am reminded of Australia from the late 90s early 00s.
A scene that would fit this song would be a group of people making preparations for their friend’s birthday party.
Moondog – D for Danny
When I listen to this song I feel thoughtful.
The colours this song helps me visualize are blue, purple, and grey.
When I listen to this song I am reminded of America from the 70s.
A scene that would fit this song would be a spy tracking his target jumping from shadow to shadow.
Brian Eno – Another Green World
When I listen to this song I feel relaxed and content.
The colours this song helps me visualize are light blue, white, and cream.
When I listen to this song I am reminded of Denmark from the 90s.
A scene that would fit this song would be a man/woman sat on a bench by the beach watching the waves crashing against the shore.
Georges Delerue – Theme De Camille
When I listen to this song I feel sad.
The colours this song helps me visualize are blue, grey, and white.
When I listen to this song I am reminded of England/America from the early 00s.
A scene that would fit this music would be the end of a great battle with the surviving troops being airlifted off the battlefield, and as they ascend, the camera slowly follows the helicopter and you can see a city full of ruins, bodies, and fires.
Boards of Canada – Roygbiv
When I listen to this song I feel upbeat.
The colours this song helps me visualize are brown, orange, and red.
When I listen to this song I am reminded of England from the 70s.
A scene that would fit this song would be a person walking along the street having just won the lottery.
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Idea Generation
I have chosen a sad song to set my footage to. For this, I could film something burning/melting, rain falling into a river/lake/puddle, rain falling onto a window pain, someone sat alone in the rain, someone walking away from someone else, an animal leaving another animal, and clouds moving across the sky, possibly in front of the sun and/or moon.
I would have to slow down the footage for most of these ideas, but I would have to speed up the footage of the clouds moving across the sky as this would be too slow otherwise.
I'm more likely to film nature than people as this is more readily available and I can spend more time getting it right. I won't use a tripod as I want to give my video a more authentic feel and I intend to use a lot panning in most of my clips.
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Moving Portrait Editing
To create my moving portrait I took the footage I had recorded and placed it all in the same folder before importing it into Premier. Once I had imported all of the footage I wanted to use, I watched each clip and decided where I wanted them to start and end, and created new in and out points before dragging them onto the timeline.
After placing each clip on the timeline, I searched for black & white in the Effects Library and dragged it onto each clip. Once I had converted each clip to black & white, I searched for levels and altered the levels on each clip by dragging the levels effect onto each clip. I repeated this process with curves. I did this as it changed the shadows, highlights, midtones, and contrast in each clip making it appear more like one of Andy Warhol's screen tests. After I had finished adjusting the levels and curves, I pressed enter to render the effects I had applied to the footage and allow smoother playback as the footage can start to lag as you add more effects.
Once the effects had finished rendering, I went to File, New, Title, (alternatively I could have pressed CTRL + T), clicked OK, made sure the fill colour was set to black, then drew two rectangles using the rectangle tool, and placed them on both sides of the footage to create the letterbox effect seen in Warhol's videos. Once I was happy with the size and position of the rectangles, I clicked on the close button in the top right corner of the titles box, and saved my video.
The last thing I did before rendering my video was I went online to find some royalty free music to add to my moving portrait. After I had found and downloaded a song I liked, I imported it to Premiere and added it to the timeline.
Finally, I saved my video, pressed CTRL + M to open the export window, selected Quicktime from the Format menu, and clicked Export.
#unit 54#DSLR#film-making#andy warhol#screen test#moving portrait#description#how to#videography#video editing software
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vimeo
Screen Test/Moving Portrait
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Music and Emotion
Questions
How does it make you feel?
What colours do you visualize?
What country do you think of?
What period of time do you think of?
If it was in a film, what would be happening?
Songs
Lisa Gerrard - Sanvean
This song makes me feel melancholic.
I can visualize blue, black, and white when listening to this song.
It reminds me of WWI France.
A long, high angle shot of a battlefield after a battle with bodies covering most of the ground, and smoke filling the air.
Roy Budd - Theme from Get Carter
This song makes me feel upbeat and lively.
I can visualize warm colours when listening to this song.
It reminds me of Victorian London.
A man would be strolling down the street on the way to a bar.
Erik Satic - Grossiene #1
This song makes me feel relaxed.
I can visualize neutral colours when listening to this song.
It reminds me of America from around 1980/90.
A woman is sitting alone on a park bench crying after learning that her husband has just passed away.
Pixies - Silver
This song makes me feel energetic.
I can visualize red and similar colours when listening to this song.
It reminds me of America from the Western era.
A cowboy enters a saloon and looks for his rival before challenging him to a duel.
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