Hello, everyone~ Today I bring you a pretty fun, easy grammar point, -๊ณ ๋ง๊ณ . A form seen in dialogue in books or heard in speech but not used in formal writing, it is used to emphasize a positive, often in response to a question. In English, we might express this with โfor sureโ or โcertainly.โ Letโs learn how to use it!
๋ชป์ง์๊ฒ is the extreme form of ์ฒ๋ผ.ย Used for comparisons, ๋ชป์ง์๊ฒ is used when the comparison is not only similar, but also exceeds that similarity.ย In the above image, ๋งํธ ๋ชป์ง์์ ํ์ฑํจ indicates not only that the refrigerator is as well-stocked as a supermarket, but that it can surpass supermarkets in that regard.
์์ฆ ์ด๋ฑํ์๋ค์ ์๋ ๊ณ ๋ฑํ์ ๋ชป์ง์๊ฒ ๊ณต๋ถ๋ฅผ ๋ง์ด ํด์. These days elementary school students study as much as, if not more than, high school students of yore.
์ ํฌ ์ด๋จธ๋๋ ์๋ฆฌ์ฌ ๋ชป์ง์๊ฒ ์๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ์ ํ์ธ์. Our mother cooks as well as, if not better than, a chef.
ย ์ฌํด๋ ์๋ ๋ชป์ง์๊ฒ ๋ฅ๊ฒ ์ต๋๋ค. This year will be as hot as, if not hotter than, last year.
This phrase is a useful one for anyone who, like me, have a habit of making grand resolutions (whether or not those resolutions are followed through on is another matter).
์ ๋ฒ๋ฆ (literally, โmouth habitโ) on its own loosely translates toย โa habit of sayingโ. ย It refers to a phrase or words one often says. ย Personally speaking, my ์ ๋ฒ๋ฆ in Korean would be starting off almost every sentence with the word ๊ทธ๋ฅ. ย It can also refer to a way of speaking. ย ์ ๋ฒ๋ฆ์ด ๋์๋ค would meanย โa bad way of speakingโ, orย โa foul mouthโ.
Coupled with the indirect speech grammar -๊ฒ ๋ค๊ณ , it is also used in reference to someoneโs resolution. ย Specifically a resolution that has been stated so often to the point that it has become almost a habit to say. For example, I have a habit after a book buying splurge to declare that Iโm not going to buy any more books. ย After hearing this for the thousandth time, you could say time,ย โใ ใ ์จ๋ ์ฑ ์ด ์ ์ฌ๊ฒ ๋ค๊ณ ์ ๋ฒ๋ฆ์ฒ๋ผ ๋งํ๋๋ฐ ์ง์ง ์ ์ฌ๊ฒ ์ด์?โ (โYou keep saying that youโre not going to buy any more books, but are you really?โ).
์๊ธฐ๋ ๋์ค์ ์ปค์ ๋ํต๋ น์ด ๋๊ฒ ๋ค๊ณ ์ ๋ฒ๋ฆ์ฒ๋ผ ๋งํ๋ค. ย You used to always say that you would become president when you were older.
์ฑ๊ณตํ๊ฒ ๋ค๊ณ ์ ๋ฒ๋ฆ์ฒ๋ผ ๋ง๋ง ํ์ง ๋ง๊ณ ๊ตฌ์ฒด์ ์ธ ๊ณํ์ ์ค์ฒํ์ธ์. ย Donโt just keep saying that youโre going to be successfulโput a concrete plan into action.
์ ์น๊ตฌ๋ ๋ด๋ ์ ๊ฒฐํผํ๊ฒ ๋ค๊ณ ์ ๋ฒ๋ฆ์ฒ๋ผ ๋งํ๋๋ ์ง์ง ๊ฒฐํผํ์ด์.ย ย My friend said that she was determined to get married next year, and now sheโs really married.
๋จํธ์ ๋ด๋ฐฐ๋ฅผ ๊ทพ๊ฒ ๋ค๊ณ ์ ๋ฒ๋ฆ์ฒ๋ผ ๋งํ๋๋ฐ ์คํ๋ ค ๋ ํผ์์. ย My husband kept saying that he would quit smoking, but instead heโs started smoking more.
*Note that ์ ๋ฒ๋ฆ์ฒ๋ผ can be used with -๋ค๊ณ /-(ใด)๋๋ค๊ณ /-(์ด)๋ผ๊ณ forms of indirect speech as well to point out something that is or has been repeatedly stated.
์ ์ง ์จ๋ ํค๊ฐ ํฐ ๋จ์๊ฐ ์ด์ํ์ด๋ผ๊ณ ์ ๋ฒ๋ฆ์ฒ๋ผ ๋งํ๋๋ฐ ์ ์ง ์จ๋ณด๋ค ํค๊ฐ ์์ ๋จ์์ ๊ฒฐํผํ๋ค. ย Yoo-jin always said that her ideal type is tall men, but she married a man shorter than herself.
์ด๋จธ๋๋ ๋ด๊ฐ ํ ์๋ฒ์ง๋ฅผ ๋ฎ์๋ค๊ณ ์ ๋ฒ๋ฆ์ฒ๋ผ ๋งํ์ด์. ย My mother always said that I look like my grandfather.
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Kazakhstanโs Minister of Communications and Informatics has blocked the Tumblr site because it contained 60 sites of terrorism, extremism, and pornography in 2015.