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What is Fandom, advantages, and disadvantages of fandom?
To begin with this blog, let me explain what Fandom to those is who does not know what it is. Fandom is term that is used for physical or digital communities that share similar activities and interests (Luísa Pinto Felício 2023, pp. 17 pages). In laymen term, it is a community where individuals with similar interest towards a topic, activity, someone, or something gather and interact with one another. Examples of fandoms are the Taylor Swift fandom, for people who interested in Taylor Swift and her music, the gaming fandom, where people who are interested in games or also known as gamers, would interact about game related topics and also the Football fandom, talking about football related topics. To further explain about Fandom, let us dive deeper to what people of a Fandom do. Peoples of a fandom usually do fanarts, which are art made by fans of that fandom, they also do discussion boards online to discuss topics related to the fandom they are in. This are mostly seen on social media platforms such as X (Twitter), YouTube, Instagram and many other social media platforms. Another activity done by these fans of a fandom are attending fan conventions (Geraskier 2020), an example can be seen by the ACG community, which stands for Anime, Comic, Gaming community, where they attend fan conventions, meet peoples with similar interests, meeting celebrity guess such as famous voice actors for characters in ACG community, and even going as far to cosplay, which means dressing up, as their favourite characters from specific parts of the ACG. Within the era of internet and technology, fandom has grown even bigger because the people of the fandom are able to interact with each other online, no matter where they are in the world.
Advantages of fandom
With being in a fandom, you are able to gain a few advantages being in a fandom and here are some examples. Supporting the franchise or brand of the fandom, by buying products, fandoms supporting brands would be fans supporting and buying Nike Products more due to the vast amount of celebrity athletes using the brands hence causing the athletes fandom to buy more of the products that their person of interest uses. An example of a celebrity Athlete that uses Nike and has a huge fandom is LeBron James, the King of Basketball. Fandoms would promote their interest on social media, such as their favourite songs, artist, games, athletes, and teams, because they have interest in those topics and would love to bring in more people to support them (Nate 2020). This is because fans of fandom just love promoting and supporting their favourite team or artist and sharing about them on social media. In layman’s terms, the community would need time and energy to support their interest while fandom does it voluntarily (Nate 2020).
Disadvantages of fandom
In the vast landscape of fan communities, where people of the fandom show their love, dedication and also pride towards their interest, but there is also a darker side to fandoms, which are called “toxic fandom”. Toxic fandoms are fans of a community that can be seen as hostile and extreme where these group of people would band together towards something on social media such as Reddit, Facebook or Youtube (Zubernis 2022). Toxic fandoms is a word used by the media, to express fans who use negative and unacceptable behaviour which can range from bullying other members of the fandom or saying racist or sexist comments to people (Vinney 2022). An example of these “toxic fandom”, can be seen by the Marvel fandom, where they would “review bombing” which is known as leaving bad reviews on shows to ruin the reputation of films or shows, such as Ms. Marvel, where the fans dislike the show. Fandoms can band together to share a passion for something, they can also band together over mutual hate, which can often result in attacks against other fans (Zubernis 2022). The fandom can also become posting critical comments on reboots for works of pop culture, abusing other fans who have a different opinion, or sending threats to the production such as rape or murder threats or sharing the production team private information (Taylor 2023).
Conclusion:
In conclusion, being in a fandom can be a good way to interact with people who have similar interest to you, but there is also a bad side to fandoms. As a person who is a part of a fandom, I usually use it to connect with more people and gain more friend online while staying away from the negativity of some fandoms and not turning into a “toxic fandom” myself.
Referencing:
Pinto Felício, L 2023, Handbook of Research on Perspectives on Society and Technology Addiction, R Sine Nazlı & G Sari (eds), IGI Global, pp. 17 pages.
Geraskier 2020, What is Fandom?, Medium, viewed 9 November 2023, <https://medium.com/@geraskier/fandom-1607c5757841>.
Guggia, N 2020, Fans vs. Communities, www.linkedin.com, viewed 10 November 2023, <https://www.linkedin.com/pulse/fans-vs-communities-nate-guggia>.
Zubernis, L 2022, How Fandom Turns Toxic | Psychology Today, www.psychologytoday.com, viewed 12 November 2023, <https://www.psychologytoday.com/us/blog/the-science-fandom/202207/how-fandom-turns-toxic>.
Taylor, V 2023, Toxic Fandom: What Is It?, Change Becomes You, viewed 13 November 2023, <https://medium.com/change-becomes-you/toxic-fandom-what-is-it-c8c1520beb06>.
Vinney, C 2022, What Is Toxic Fandom?, Verywell Mind, viewed 13 November 2023, <https://www.verywellmind.com/what-is-toxic-fandom-5214499#:~:text=Toxic%20fandom%20is%20a%20buzzword>.
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W10: Social Sexism in Online Games
What the heck is Social Gaming?
The words “social” and “gaming” are what you think they mean, which actually just literally mean any form of games that involve social activities with another player. While it doesn’t have to be in personal contact, the internet has made it possible for us to connect with others at a social level through live gaming communities that involve using speaking equipment (mainly headphones and a microphone) often to provide live strategies mid-game especially for popular online games like Overwatch and DoTA.
Unhealthy Video Game Obsessions (at a really unhealthy level)
Gaming addiction is no secret amongst worrisome parents, especially when you’re living in an era where the internet rules over nearly everything. Entertainment is available everywhere, and with games being pretty much nearly inevitable, games are incorporated into our lives and companies have created strategies in a form of achievements that rewards our brain into wanting more.
Even as there are studies that have provided evidence that video games are beneficial for the brain whereby it enhances your cognitive skills (Bergland 2013), understanding how to promote moderation in fun can be difficult as being exposed to video games for long hours have shown that it has brought negative consequences to our health including neck pain, strain injuries, and obesity (Griffiths 2005).
Toxic Sexism Surrounding Video Games
Sexism and online bullying is a prominent issue surrounding online video game platforms, or better put together: sexism in video games is just another form of bullying (Lynch 2017). Some argued that this issue is less likely to go away as women have brought themselves into a male-dominant territory. However, it is a constant conflicting issue whereby women are continuously encouraged to participate in games that are made to cater to both men and women but are then discouraged for gender stereotypes.
This prejudiced behavior can lead to a personal intrusion where women may not feel safe playing online simply because of being a woman. Female gamers have often been fetishized to a predatorial level when players come across a casual female gamer to the point where sexual remarks are given to the point of harassment.
Leena Van Deventer
Writer and Game Developer, Leena Van Deventer had her share of online sexism when she was playing one of her favorite online multiplayer shooter game, “Team Fortress 2” when she was bombarded with reactions expected to happen when other players realize women are present during the game when she began speaking in-game to test the new feature that made her sound like a robot or a giant. Soon enough, she was bombarded with questions such as “hove you got any NODE pics”, “Do you fuck guys who like games”, and “what are you wearing”. One man even went as far as to “stalk” her avatar in the game and masturbated to her username through the microphone (O’Halloran 2017).
While her teammates found it hilarious, Deventer wished that she could focus on other game objectives even though she knew she had to abandon the server.
Fortunately, with the focus shift to create an equal bridge for both men and women, I hope that in time we as females, don’t have to hide our gender identity online to protect ourselves from sexist slurs and instead, look forward to a community that is more acceptable to both genders enjoying the same hobby.
References
Bergland, C 2013, Video Games Can Increase Brain Size and Connectivity, Psychology Today, viewed 21 May 2019, <https://www.psychologytoday.com/intl/blog/the-athletes-way/201310/video-gaming-can-increase-brain-size-and-connectivity>
Griffiths, M 2005, ‘ Video gaming is safe for most players and can be useful in health care ’, Video Games and Health, BMJ 2005;331 :122, viewed 21 May 2019, https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj.331.7509.122
Lynch, M 2017, Sexism in Video Gaming is Just Another Form of Bullying, The Tech Advocate, viewed 21 May 2019, <https://www.thetechedvocate.org/sexism-in-video-gaming-is-just-another-form-of-bullying/>
O’Halloran, K 2017, ‘Hey dude, do this’: the last resort for female gamers escaping online abuse’, The Guardian, viewed 21 May 2019, <https://www.theguardian.com/culture/2017/oct/24/hey-dude-do-this-the-last-resort-for-female-gamers-escaping-online-abuse>
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Weekend was no longer fun! There are assignments, discussions, meetings and coffee. Thats the price you pay for education as a working adult. Today, our two engineers attended their Graduation Ceremony in UTHM. Seeing their convocation photos inspires me to work on finishing my Swinburne Masterclass. Congratulations to both of you! Keep it up! #youngengineers #uthm #masterclass #swinburnesarawak https://www.instagram.com/p/B3zXOSUARbQ/?igshid=2x7byw89j18u
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Interview Reflection
Interview #1
For the first interview, i decided to interview my previous boss from Howdies. Mr Welly Kwok. I thought that with his experience in the business field, he might have some good insight and opinion regarding my research assignment.
He was very will to help out and so we met at the restaurant. I felt the interview went well. This is because he was very insightful and gave really good examples. I found that it was easier to probe as well. At some point it felt like i was going off topic but i was able to bring it back before i went out of hand. I was fascinating to see where the interview went. I could ask him more in dept questions and get a satisfactory answer. All in all, it was a successful interview.
Interview #2
As i was about to leave Howdies, the boss's brother, Wendy Kwok came by and so i was having a chat with him on the topic. He then agreed to do the second interview.
This interview went just as good up until the mid end. I was using the framework i had from the previous interview in this one and see where it goes. It so happen that at one point, it went a different direction. He asked me if the Starbucks card considered a trade stamp. At that point of time, i assumed it was because the concept was similar. Hence i assumed it was a more advance or innovative method of trade stamp. From that point, his answers were based on that wrong assumption. Luckily that was only towards the end with my probed questions. As for the basic questions that was required by the assignment, it was on the right track.
Conclusion
From these interviews, i learned be more careful when i probe my question. as it may redirect the interview. Also, for future references, i should be more aware of my topic before making assumptions what could have potentially wasted the interviewee's and my own time.
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What is crowdsourcing and the what is there to gain from it?
What is crowdsourcing in this day and age?
Crowdsourcing is something that can be seen done in our daily lives, which can be seen around us, on the way to work or even online when scrolling through social media. Crowdsourcing is an activity or work done by a group or individuals to obtain work, information, or opinions from a large group of people who submit their data or thoughts through Internet, social media, and smartphone apps (Hargrave 2022). People may think that crowdsourcing is a new concept that exist due to the digital era, but in reality, it has been around for a long time. Based on Chrum in 2013, as early as 1714, crowdsourcing has brought distributing of problem solving to task (Chrum 2013). People that are involve in crowdsourcing sometimes work as paid freelances, while there are others who do crowdsourcing as a small task voluntarily (Hargrave 2022). Crowdsourcing can be used to create or improve services or products or solve complex problems that a company is facing, which is where they are able to create ideas or solutions to their issues which can be “novel, implementable, and useful” (Majchrzak & Malhotra, 2020). An example of crowdsourcing that can be taken is finding a new logo, where a company can hire dozens of graphic designers to work on samples of a logo for a small fee, the company then will choose their favourite and pay the graphic designer to complete the logo with more details. There is different type of crowdsourcing, which are wisdom, where they collect smart individuals to do problem solving, creation to create ideas or design and voting where they gain votes from crowds, mostly done for democratic principle (Hargrave 2022).
Advantages and disadvantages of crowdsourcing
With crowdsourcing, it is able to provide a lot of advantages to the companies. Crowdsourcing can be cost sufficient, very fast, and give an opportunity to work with people that has skills that a company employee might not have. Other than that, crowdsourcing can help unite communities around similar project or cause, can be an efficient way of solving time-intensive problems, and deeper engagement by communities (Hargrave 2022). This advantages that come from crowdsourcing can be beneficial for the company and also the freelancing volunteers or hired individuals to work together and building a relationship between each other. With this many advantages, there are also some disadvantages that comes from them, such as producing insufficient result based on the crowd that is being sourced and not able to produce proper evidence and having the potential to miss the best ideas, talents and fall short on the goal or purpose crowdsourcing (Hargrave 2022). Some other advantages include having a vast range of users who are able to provide different diversity in their experience, allows testing with all kinds of parameters that the company may be looking for, and also lack of bias from the testers towards the company as they do not work or associate with the company itself (Dowson n.d.).
Furthermore, some other disadvantages that can be found in crowdsourcing includes confidentiality of companies’ info, plagiarism information gained in crowdsourcing, potential to be problematic if not managed good enough, hiring amateurs, and the potential for failure when putting lots of time and effort but having nothing to show (Bakire 2021).
Difference between crowdsourcing and crowdfunding
While focusing on crowdsourcing, we can also talk about crowdfunding. As previously explained, crowdsourcing is about an activity to obtain information through a large crowd to make data, while crowdfunding is about raising funds for a project from a large crowd of people, usually done through online platforms (Sparrow n.d.). Crowdfunding is primarily focused on funding, allowing entrepreneurs, artist, and creatives to fund projects by contributing from a broad range of audiences. While crowdsourcing focused on gaining knowledge and creativity from a group of people to solve problems or generate ideas (Sparrow n.d.). In layman terms, crowdsourcing is gaining information from groups of people to solve problems while crowdfunding is gaining money from people for their projects.
Conclusion
In conclusion, crowdsourcing is a good activity to be done by companies to help themselves to solve problems or generate ideas by hiring people or gaining volunteers to help the companies in a short period of time while able to unite and communicate with each other. There are a lot of advantages and disadvantages of crowdsourcing and there is a main difference between the purpose of crowdsourcing and crowdfunding.
Reference:
Bakire, H 2021, The Top 5 Crowdsourcing Advantages and Disadvantages | HeroX, www.herox.com, viewed 25 November 2023, <https://www.herox.com/blog/972-the-top-5-crowdsourcing-advantages-and-disadvantag>.
Chrum, A. (2013, April 8). How crowdsourcing saves your internal resources.Retrieved fromhttps://www.crowdsource.com/blog/2013/04/how-crowdsourcing-saves-your-internal-resources/
Dowson, A n.d., Advantages and Disadvantages of Crowdsourcing, viewed 25 November 2023, <https://www.qualitestgroup.com/assets/Crowdsourcing.pdf>.
Sparrow, G n.d., Crowdfunding vs Crowdsourcing: Understanding the Key Differences, www.herox.com, viewed 25 November 2023, <https://www.herox.com/blog/1073-crowdfunding-vs-crowdsourcing-understanding-the-ke#:~:text=Crowdfunding%20refers%20to%20raising%20funds>.
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W7: Trolling, Conflict, Swatting, Deaths
Years since the internet has developed online communities through different social platforms, we’ve experienced our fair share of engaging with people through various methods of interaction. Unfortunately, if you’re someone who may have committed to being active in a platform, you may experience your own form of bullying by none other than “online trolls”.
News and media have covered the disastrous effects of bullying that have to lead to the mental disturbance and significance discouragements in young pupils who might not have the right idea on how to tackle bullying. But how bad can it be when it is brought towards the internet?
Warning: DO NOT FEED THE TROLLS
The phrase: DO NOT FEED THE TROLLS is one of the crucial internet guidelines when encountering online trolls, and why shouldn’t you? Columbia University’s clinical psychologist, Lauren Hoffman explains that a typical internet troll provokes others by triggering conflict through posts and comments with an aim to garner negative attention. Hoffman further states that trolls live off of those outcomes and dwell into the psychological reward received from their nasty online behavior aimed to hurt others as the main subconscious goal. Thus it is important that while online trolls may escalate their behavior to a more toxic and abusive on in order to gain attention the longer you ignore them, learning to understand where the targeted hate is coming from helps in putting a stop to the abuse (Bryan, C 2018).
Wichita Swatting
Swatting is a form of criminal harassment whereby a false report that may include bomb threats or hostage is given in an attempt to dispatch an emergency service response team i.e a group of armed SWAT military officers to a specified address. The fact that swatting exists in the United States and is still ongoing as a childish trolling act to trigger revenge upon a person over a trivial matter is one of the worst parts for handling conflict against a troll.
Image: Tyler Barris
In 2017, Casey Viner initiated swatting expert, Tyler Barriss against an argument with Shange Gaskill over a bet of $1.50 in an online match of Call of Duty. The false threat reported that Gaskill has shot his father and was holding his family at gunpoint. There were no SWAT team members that came to Finch’s residence, but Wichita Police Department officers (Queally, J 2018).
Unfortunately, Casey mistook Andrew Finch’s address for Gaskill and Andrew was later shot and killed by officer Justin Rapp even though Andrew followed their instructions to stand down. The death of Andrew Finch, an innocent 28-year old man who was never related to Viner and Gaskill has caused a major awareness towards the hesitant acts of the police force as well as the unforeseen and unfortunate events that was lead from a “harmless” online trolling act (Sommerfeldt, C & Schladebeck, J 2017).
A Trolling Conclusion
The toxic indulgement of bullying users online provides a significant negative impact on those behind a screen. The internet will always have trolls residing in all social media and gaming platforms, but it is up to us to know when we shouldn’t dwell into their unruly comments. It is important to remember that while you don’t have control of your emotions, you can definitely control how you react to it, so don’t feed the trolls.
References
C, Bryan 2018, Should I Respond To Trolls, Mashable, Viewed 26 April 2018, <https://mashable.com/article/should-i-respond-to-trolls/>
Queally, J 2018, Fictitious Shooting in Video Game Sparked Real-Life Shooting in Kansas Swatting Case, Records Show, Los Angeles Times, viewed 27 April 2019, <https://www.latimes.com/local/lanow/la-me-ln-kansas-swatting-records-20180126-story.html>
Sommerfeldt, C & Schladebeck, J 2017, Serial prankster arrested in 'swatting' trick that led to fatal police shooting of unarmed Kansas man, Daily News, viewed 27 April 2019, <https://www.nydailynews.com/news/national/unarmed-kan-man-killed-cops-victim-swatting-prank-article-1.3726171?barcprox=true>
March, E 2016, ‘Sage advice’,
Don’t Feed The Trolls Really is A Good Advice, The Conversation, viewed 27 April 2019, http://theconversation.com/dont-feed-the-trolls-really-is-good-advice-heres-the-evidence-63657
Man Sentenced to 20 Years in Fatal ‘Swatting’ Case in Wichita 2019, Tyler Barris
The Associated Press, viewed 27 April 2019, https://www.kmbc.com/article/man-sentenced-to-20-years-in-fatal-swatting-case-in-wichita/26988666
Jones, J 2016, Beware of Trolls,
Don’t Feed the Trolls: A Crash Course in Dealing With Twitter Trolls, Search Influence, viewed 27 April 2019, https://www.searchinfluence.com/2016/09/dont-feed-the-trolls-a-crash-course-in-dealing-with-twitter-trolls/
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My new Starbucks tumbler!!! I decided to ditch my old plastic ones. It’s time to say no to plastic and use a recyclable one. Me so likey!!!! #starbucksanniversarycollection #starbucksmalaysia #weekendtime #swinburnesarawak #assignments https://www.instagram.com/p/B2YLhb8Asky/?igshid=8te4090v0ek1
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What is mental health, the effects of mental health on an individual and why is it important
Mental health, it is a state of one’s mental well-being that allows people to cope with the stresses of life, realizing their abilities, learning, and working well while contributing to their community (World Health Organization 2022). Mental health is very important because it is what determines an individual to be able to make rational decisions, build relationships with people and being able to shape the world we live in (World Health Organization 2022). What are the effects of social media towards mental health. From research, social media significantly impacts mental health, in positive and negative way. Social media can help enhance connection, increase one’s self-esteem and improve a sense of belonging but it can also lead to one to experience tremendous stress, feeling pressure to compare oneself to others, and increased sadness and isolation (Zsila & Eric 2023). Social media can provide opportunities to enhance the mental health of users on social media platforms by facilitating connections and peer support towards users. Social media can be a place for people to discuss about their mental health, horrible life events, or everyday struggles, which may affect people's mental health better and increase their need to find emotional support (Lin 2016).
There are also other studies shown that social media can affect your mental health negatively, such as body image dissatisfaction, risk of addiction, cyberbullying, contributing to phubbing behaviours and also affecting their moods negatively (Reinherz 1995). Individuals that are at risk of social media addiction are often reported to have depressive symptoms and lower self-esteem (Kovac 1993).
Negative effects of mental health
With the existence of social media, more individuals on social media platform such as X (Twitter), Facebook, YouTube, TikTok and more, have been found to have a strong link to heavy use of social media which relates them to have an increased risk of having depression, anxiety, loneliness, self-harming, and even suicidal thoughts (Robinson & Smith 2023). Examples of what leads to individuals to have this sort of negative thoughts is because inadequacy about their life or appearance, fear of missing out on social media, isolation, depression and anxiety, cyberbullying, and self-absorption. Social media cause individuals to feel insecure on how they look, which can impact with their self-esteem, trigger anxiety, having mood disorders, experiencing emotional scars, creating an unhealthy self-centredness, and also prioritizing social media (Robinson & Smith 2023). People may think that social media is not a big deal in one’s mental health, but based on studies done by Memon, there is range of between 14% and 21% are rates of non-suicidal self-injury done by young people (Memon et al. 2018). In patients diagnosed with major depressive disorder (MDD) which is a mental health condition that causes people to have a depressing mood and loss interest in activities that once brings them joy (Cleveland Clinic 2022) has been reported an 85% of suicidal ideation, 32% tried attempting suicide during their young adulthood and 2.5% to 7% committed suicide (Kovacs, Goldston & Gatsonis 1993). Social media plays a huge role in affecting an individual’s mental health and how easy their mood will change based on the contents they consume from social media, which most of the time is negative content and thinking from social media.
Why we should raise about mental health awareness.
Mental health awareness is important in this day and age, especially in the age of social media, because the misconceptions and stigma that surrounds health issues, people often suffer in silence and don’t seek treatment to their conditions by brushing it off. Mental health awareness is important to help improve the understanding of one’s mental health conditions and increase access to healthcare for those who need it (The Importance of Mental Health Awareness Month 2022). Based on WHO (World Health Organization), promotion and prevention of mental health is by identifying the individuals, their social and structural determinants of mental health, by doing this, we would be able to reduce the risk of suicidal attempts, build resilience and also establish supportive environments for mental health (World Health Organization 2022). This can be achieved promoting meant health awareness on social media, schools and also in workspaces (World Health Organization 2022). With this, we will be able to reduce the suicidal attempts that might happen in our society. Based on WHO, mental health care and treatment is a national efforts to strengthen mental health of individuals, which is vital to protect and promote the mental of someone’s well-being but also address the needs of people with mental health conditions (World Health Organization 2022).
Conclusion
In conclusion, social media takes an important role in one’s mental health and state, which totally change the way how an individual should think and act towards things in life. We should not depend our entire life image based on social media and not letting the contents spread around social media affect they way we think. We should instead focus on ourselves and always love yourself, no matter your flaws in yourself.
Referencing:
Cleveland Clinic 2022, Clinical Depression (Major Depressive Disorder): Symptoms, Cleveland Clinic, viewed 25 November 2023, <https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/24481-clinical-depression-major-depressive-disorder>.
KOVACS, M, GOLDSTON, D & GATSONIS, C 1993, ‘Suicidal Behaviors and Childhood-Onset Depressive Disorders: A Longitudinal Investigation’, Journal of the American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry, vol. 32, no. 1, pp. 8–20.
Memon, AM, Sharma, SG, Mohite, SS & Jain, S 2018, ‘The role of online social networking on deliberate self-harm and suicidality in adolescents: A systematized review of literature’, Indian Journal of Psychiatry, vol. 60, Medknow Publications, no. 4, pp. 384–392, viewed 25 November 2023, <http://www.indianjpsychiatry.org/article.asp?issn=0019-5545;year=2018;volume=60;issue=4;spage=384;epage=392;aulast=Memon>.
Robinson, L & Smith, M 2023, Social media and mental health, HelpGuide.org, viewed 25 November 2023, <https://www.helpguide.org/articles/mental-health/social-media-and-mental-health.htm>.
The Importance of Mental Health Awareness Month 2022, Lifespan, Lifespan Blog Team, viewed 25 November 2023, <https://www.lifespan.org/lifespan-living/importance-mental-health-awareness-month#:~:text=Because%20of%20misconceptions%20and%20stigma>.
World Health Organization 2022, Mental Health, World Health Organization, viewed 25 November 2023, <https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/mental-health-strengthening-our-response>.
Zsila, Á & Eric, M 2023, ‘Pros & cons: Impacts of Social Media on Mental Health’, BMC Psychology, vol. 11, no. 1, viewed 25 November 2023, <https://bmcpsychology.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s40359-023-01243-x#:~:text=The%20use%20of%20social%20media,essential%20to%20social%20media%20consumption.>.
Lin LY, Sidani JE, Shensa A, Radovic A, Miller E, Colditz JB, et al. Association between social media use and depression among U.S. young adults. Depress Anxiety. 2016;33:323–31.
. Reinherz HZ, Giaconia RM, Silverman AB, Friedman A, Pakiz B, Frost AK, et al. Early psychosocial risks for adolescent suicidal ideation and attempts. J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry. 1995;34:599–611.
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"The Effects of Politics using Social Media"
To start this topic, let us think, what is social media? Well, social media is a digital platform where everyone is allowed to share their ideas and information with texts and also visuals (Dollarhide 2023). There are many amazing and outstanding things that can be done with social media, such as building relationships, finding your voice, motivating young people and many more (Hashem 2023). Within the digital age now, politicians has started to use social media to build their social media presence and sharing their vision for the future of the country. The reason why politicians are using social media is because social media can play an important role in information sharing (Marwick and Boyd, 2011, p. 142–143; Gillespie and Boczkowski, 2014, 188; Vraga, 2016, 601).
"Positive effects of Politics using Social Media"
With politics entering the online social platform, this will have the potential to help increase the people's access to political information, facilitate wider-ranging political discourse, and foster participation (Owen 2020). Politicians would be able to use social media, such as Twitter which is also known as X, YouTube, Instagram and many more platforms to creating interactive features, discussion boards, blogs, online fundraising platforms, volunteer recruitment sites and meet-ups (Owen 2020). An example of a politician who was able to create a political movement using social media, is Barack Obama, who used the advanced digital media such as information boards, watch and share videos, view and upload campaign ads, post comments and even blog (Owen 2020). Other than that, politicians would be able to interact with people online, seeing post about current issues that the citizens might be facing and also building a bond with their voters to be able to share their vision of the country and gaining the peoples trust. Building trust is essential for citizens who will be willing to help in the pursuit towards the drive to a society's success (Scartascini 2021). Trust is a important because, have trust towards politicians, voter will be able to engage their desires to politicians, to vote for them and support these politicians in the long run with a sustainable growth (Scartascini 2021). Meanwhile, if the people's of the government have mistrust, which means not trusting, the politicians visions and promises, which will lead to political disengagement which causes them to not able to gain votes (Scartascini 2021).
"Negative effects of Politics using Social Media"
As using social media for politics to spread information and their vision for the country, there are a few negative effects that can occur when politicians when using social media. An example is, using their power and presence on social media, such as Donald Trump where he urged his supporters to go to Washington, DC, on January 6th, 2021 causing a riot. Despite Donald Trump and his supporters, being aware of the riot that got out of hand, they would even encourage it, even though it could turn violent (Cortellessa & Bergengruen 2022). This shows a misuse of social media, using your power, presence and supporters for your own purposes and gain in a negative way. Other negative effect that can occur when Politics use social media is the rise of fake news. The concept of fake news is attached to fictitious stories made to appear as they were real (Owen 2020). The reason why fake news are terrible, is because it can trick people's beliefs towards political leaders, parties, organizations and the mainstream news media (Owen 2020). This will lead to people changing their views towards bad political parties or leaders with fake news surrounding the political parties or leader about them helping less fortunate communities, being kind and having a vision to reshape the country. With fake news, it will make people vote for those political leaders or parties with the false image of them that is spread with fake news.
"Conclusion"
In conclusion, the relationship between politics and social media has generated multiple effects and events, both positive and also negative. While social media can help politicians with political engagement with their voters on social media, some politicians can use this as a negative way such as using their supporters to do riots and such. With addressing the negative effects, such as trust, abuse of power and status and the spread of false information, there are politicians that use their efforts and status to build a strong bond with their voters to help strive towards a vision of the country that can be beneficial towards the country and help change the lives of others. With finding the balance between positive and negative use of social media, politicians are still harnessing the use of social media to shape their image towards the people of the country, in their best way possible.
Referencing:
Cortellessa, E & Bergengruen, V 2022, Jan. 6 Hearing: Trump Drafted Tweet Urging March to Capitol, Time, viewed 25 November 2023, <https://time.com/6196451/jan-6-hearing-trump-draft-tweet/>.
Dollarhide, M 2023, Social Media: Definition, Effects, and List of Top Apps, Investopedia, viewed 25 November 2023, <https://www.investopedia.com/terms/s/social-media.asp>.
Hashem, H 2023, 13 Positive Effects of Social Media on Our Society Today | Kubbco, www.kubbco.com.
Owen, D 2020, The new media’s role in politics, OpenMind, viewed 25 November 2023, <https://www.bbvaopenmind.com/en/articles/the-new-media-s-role-in-politics/>.
Scartascini, C 2021, Testing the Impact of Social Media on Trust, Ideas Matter, viewed 25 November 2023, <https://blogs.iadb.org/ideas-matter/en/testing-the-impact-of-social-media-on-trust/>.
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I have been travelling with my Masterclass assignments! #studywhileworking #swinburnesarawak #tiredbuthappy #weekendclass https://www.instagram.com/p/B1S9oOSgDSS/?igshid=nps3hdzawpte
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Woke up and marched to Starbucks. It’s assignment time. Why did I get myself into? 😂 #masterclass #swinburnesarawak https://www.instagram.com/p/Bz12T8XAqGb/?igshid=6xhati8kil3b
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W9: Two Sides to Fandoms
The word “fandom” may sound more obsessive than the regular fan, but in this digital world where new media is sprouted through different platforms in a large amount each day, it is difficult to assume that you’re not actually a fan of anything as liking something can automatically put you as a fan of it, and interacting with other fans of the same interest puts you in a fandom.
Delusional or Just Devout Fans?
Now there are a lot of misconceptions about the large fandom community of different genres as they are often perceived as delusional, overly obsessed, and weird. A common look at where this stereotype applies is towards the Korean Pop (K-POP) fandom community, especially towards big bands and celebrities like BTS and EXO. News circulated on these fan’s erratic behavior on their harassment to these performers and mistaking their behavior as just a form of healthy idolizing obsession. In 2017, Jackson Wang, a member of another KPOP group called GOT7 was involved in a car accident due to fans following him dangerously in a car. Because of this, JYP Entertainment released a statement regarding the incident and a plea for the fans to regard the singer and their own personal safety (Kang. E, 2016).
However, not all fandoms are equally disturbing.
The Harry Potter Alliance
There exist fandoms that participate in bringing up causes for the greater good, also known as ‘fan activism’. The Harry Potter Alliance (HPA) is a non-profit organization primarily run by fans of Harry Potter. Initially founded in 2005 by comedian Andrew Slack alongside a wizard rock band called ‘Harry and the Potters’. At first, the HPA collected donations for the Amnesty International, an NGO for human rights, during their shows (Jenkins 2010). Just like Harry Potter, the organization has different House communities where they are encouraged to do good deeds in order to earn house points.
HPA: What Would Dumbledore Do?
The HPA organization began to spread after the film release of Harry Potter and the Half-Blood Prince in 2009 with a new campaign launch called, “What Would Dumbledore Do” that encourages fans to tweet valuable lessons they have learned from Harry Potter’s headmaster Albus Dumbledore using the tag #dumbledore. The campaign continues further to encourage Harry Potter fans to attend the film release wearing a nametag with the lesson taught to them by Dumbledore and then apply those lessons in their lives. (Slack 2009)
HPA: Helping Haiti Heal
Not only did the HPA encourage good moral values towards Harry Potter fans, but they also helped raise funds during the most crucial of times like the earthquake that struck Haiti in 2010. In partnership with Partners in Health, the Green Brothers, John and Hank, as well as the Wizard Rock Community and J.K Rowling herself, HPA managed to raise over $123,000 in two weeks that was used to fund for the five planes to transport full medical supplies (Murray 2014).
Thoughts?
Seeing as we cannot settle with the judgment that all fandoms are delusional and obsessively dedicated to what they love, what we can understand that all fandoms have its own benefits for both the bad and good sides.
Just like a coin, all communities have to accept that they may be in one of the two sides of the coin after all.
References
Kang. E 2016, GOT7’s Jackson Involved In Car Accident Due To People Following Him By Car, Soompi, viewed 11 May 2019, <https://www.soompi.com/article/892495wpp/got7s-jackson-involved-car-accident-due-people-following-car>
Jenkins, Henry 2011, ‘“Cultural acupuncture”: Fan Activism and the Harry Potter Alliance". Transformative Works and Cultures. Vol. 10
Murray, A 2014, HPA: Helping Haiti Heal Case Study, Medium, viewed 11 May 2019, https://medium.com/@allimurray/hpa-helping-haiti-heal-case-study-54c728c5e027
Slack, A 2009, What Would Dumbledore Do?, HuffPost, viewed 11 May 2019, https://www.huffpost.com/entry/what-would-dumbledore-do_b_228791
Man Sentenced to 20 Years in Fatal ‘Swatting’ Case in Wichita 2019, Tyler Barris
The Associated Press, viewed 27 April 2019, https://www.kmbc.com/article/man-sentenced-to-20-years-in-fatal-swatting-case-in-wichita/26988666
Sasaeng KPOP Fans 2014, Jack Morrell,
What Culture, viewed 11 May 2019, https://whatculture.com/offbeat/10-utterly-disturbing-ways-obsessed-fans-go-far?page=4
The Harry Potter Alliance n.d,
The Harry Potter Alliance, viewed 11 May 2019, https://www.thehpalliance.org/
What Would Dumbledore Do? 2011, Chris Tokuhama
Trojanopher.Wordpress, viewed 11 May 2019, https://trojantopher.wordpress.com/2011/09/03/
The HPA Haiti Relief plane loaded and ready to go 2015, Andrew Slack,
Beautiful Trouble, viewed 11 May 2019, https://beautifultrouble.org/case/harry-potter-alliance/
Dumbledore Wouldn’t Let This Happen 2014, drewfriedman,
Reddit, viewed 11 May 2019, https://www.reddit.com/r/harrypotter/comments/1evnd3/dumbledore_wouldnt_let_this_happen/
#mda20009#digitalcommunities#digital communities#swinburne sarawak#swinburnesarawak#swinburne#4334787
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W8: Can We Trust Crowdfunding Campaigns?
I’ve always thought that I’m quite lucky to be living in an era where technology is flourishing exponentially in ways that have provided convenience into our lives. Obviously, we won’t even be able to achieve in all field aspects like medicine, architecture, education, and so on. Getting connected with millions of other people through the internet network has never been so easy and we’ve been taking advantage of this interactive online network by initiating crowdsourcing and crowdfunding activities that can easily provide an impactful change in a short matter of time. Which also means, we’re never away from our phones.
However, with the convenience to gain awareness or charity provided by networking through technology, the existence of fake news and campaigns have caused some damage towards other legitimate communities trying their best to achieve a goal whereby a major portion of their audience comes from social networking sites.
Connecting Lives Through Crowdsourcing
The future is looking to be human-centric, whereby participation is one of the primary aspects of doing something. The opportunities provided for businesses to work with organizations in order to provide new ideas for conventional processes helps in creating new products that would help the world work better alongside technology (What is Crowdsourcing? n.d). By impacting lives through technology, we’ve seen what crowdsourcing has done to help those in need.
Spreading Awareness through Crowdsourcing
The continuous expanding number of users in social media has made its platform into an affordable method of advertising by easily reaching out to an audience through an ad-space. This is beneficial for businesses, but does it work the same way to spread awareness on crucial matters that can impact the world we live in?
A study on the effectiveness of crowdsourcing awareness towards the exploration of ovarian cancer knowledge through the use of Amazon’s Mechanical Turk and its surveys concluded that by conducting different forms of awareness campaigns, web-based surveys and other methods. Because of the severe knowledge gap found amongst users on ovarian cancer, the research showed that by crowdsourcing through Mechanical Turk, they’ve received more awareness responses in short compared to conducting non-profit ovarian cancer events that can lead to high expenses (Carter RR, DiFeo A, Bogie K, Zhang GQ, Sun J 2014, p.9).
Can We Trust Crowdfunding Campaigns?
The ability to reach out to thousands of people all at once through social media platforms can be taken advantage of when it comes to seeking awareness where help is needed. Crowdfunding campaigns have gained a different reputation over the years, and while it has provided success in funding startup prototypes and NGO campaigns, people have begun to be skeptical with numerous crowdfunding projects over news regarding fake projects in need for “funds”.
The recent incident of the flames engulfing Notre Dame has caused a spike of donation website campaigns aimed to fund the restoration and repairs of this historical building. Cyber risk expert, Alan Brill, warned others to be wary of these donation websites as scammers merely go by the playbook in order to gain a quick buck (Cerullo 2019). Conducting research about a certain crowdfunding donation site can help ease your mind on where your money will be going.
As initiating a crowdfunding campaign online is easily low-cost, fast, and risk-free, this gives scammers the opportunity to become con artists to users who will be expecting something in return and put down the positives of how we can actually use crowdsourcing and funding for something good.
References
What is Crowdsourcing? n.d Crowdsourcing Week, viewed 2nd May 2019, https://crowdsourcingweek.com/what-is-crowdsourcing/
Carter RR, DiFeo A, Bogie K, Zhang GQ, Sun J 2014, "Crowdsourcing Awareness: Exploration of the Ovarian Cancer Knowledge Gap through Amazon Mechanical Turk", PLOS ONE 9(1): e85508, vol 9, no. 1, pp. 8-9.
Cerullo, M 2019,
Scammers preying on Notre Dame donors, security experts warn, CBS News, viewed 4 May 2019, https://www.theverge.com/2014/4/4/5580814/indiegogo-fraud-protection-and-crowdfunding-risk
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