Aro Confederacy

The Aro Confederacy (1690–1902) was a political union orchestrated by the Aro people, Igbo subgroup, centered in Arochukwu in present-day southeastern Nigeria. The Aro Confederacy kingdom was founded after the beginning of the Aro-Ibibio Wars. Their influence and presence was all over Eastern Nigeria, lower Middle Belt, and parts of present-day Cameroon and Equatorial Guinea during the 18th and 19th centuries. The Arochukwu Kingdom was an economic, political, and an oracular center as it was home of the Ibini Ukpabi oracle, High Priests, the Aro King Eze Aro, and central council (Okpankpo). The Aro Confederacy was a powerful and influential political and economic alliance of various Igbo-speaking communities in southeastern Nigeria. It emerged during the 17th century and played a significant role in the region until the late 19th century.

The exact origins of the Aro Confederacy are not precisely documented, but it is believed to have been established around the mid-17th century. The Aro people, who were part of the Igbo ethnic group, inhabited the region around present-day Arochukwu in Abia State, Nigeria. They were skilled traders and missionaries who played a pivotal role in connecting various Igbo communities. This migration and their military power, and wars with neighboring kingdoms like supported by their alliances with several related neighboring Igbo and eastern Cross River militarized states (particularly Ohafia, Edda, Abam, Abiriba, Afikpo, Ekoi, Bahumono, Amasiri etc.), quickly established the Aro Confederacy as a regional economic power. The Aro Confederacy's strength came from its well-organized network of Aro agents who were dispersed across different communities in the region. These agents acted as intermediaries in trade, diplomacy, and religious matters. They facilitated commerce, resolved disputes, and spread the worship of the Aro deity known as the "Long Juju" oracle."The Opening Up of Nigeria, the Expedition Against the Aros by Richard Caton Woodville II" 1901

The "Long Juju" oracle was the spiritual centerpiece of the Aro Confederacy. It was housed in Arochukwu and considered a potent source of political authority and religious guidance. The Aro people used the oracle to enforce their influence and control over surrounding communities. It also served as a means to administer justice and settle disputes, often attracting pilgrims seeking solutions to their problems.

The Aro Confederacy gained significant economic power through trade and commerce Their economy was primarily based on agriculture, with the cultivation of crops like palm oil, yams, and cassava. They were also involved in trade with neighboring communities and European merchants. They controlled trade routes that passed through their territories, collecting tolls and taxes from traders. The Aro also engaged in the Trans-Atlantic slave trade by capturing and selling slaves to European traders.

Aro activities on the coast helped the growth of city-states in the Niger Delta, and these city states became important centres for the export of palm oil and slaves. Such city-states included Opobo, Bonny, Nembe, Calabar, as well as other slave trading city-states controlled by the Ijaw, Efik, and Igbo. The Aros formed a strong trading network, colonies, and incorporated hundreds of communities that formed into powerful kingdoms. The Ajalli, Arondizuogu, Ndikelionwu, and Igbene Kingdoms were some of the most powerful Aro states in the Confederacy after Arochukwu. Some were founded and named after commanders and chiefs like Izuogu Mgbokpo and Iheme who led Aro/Abam forces to conquer Ikpa Ora and founded Arondizuogu. Later Aro commanders such as Okoro Idozuka (also of Arondizuogu) expanded the state's borders through warfare at the start of the 19th century. Aro migrations also played a large role in the expansion of Ozizza, Afikpo, Amasiri, Izombe, and many other city-states. For example, Aro soldiers founded at least three villages in Ozizza. The Aro Confederacy's power, however, derived mostly from its economic and religious position. With European colonists on their way at the end of the 19th century, things changed.Burning of Arochukwu 1901

During the 1890s, the Royal Niger Company of Britain bore friction with the Aros because of their economic dominance. The Aro resisted British penetration in the hinterland because their economic and religious influence was being threatened. The Aro and their allies launched offensives against British allies in Igboland and Ibibioland. After failed negotiations, the British attempted to conquer the Aro Confederacy in 1899. By 1901, the tensions were especially intensified when British prepared for the Aro Expedition. The invasion of Obegu (in Igboland) was the last major Aro offensive before the start of the Anglo-Aro War. In November 1901, the British launched the Aro Expedition and after strong Aro resistance, Arochukwu was captured on December 28, 1901. By early 1902, the war was over, and the Aro Confederacy collapsed. Contrary to the belief that the Ibini Ukpabi was destroyed, the shrine still exists, and is intact in Arochukwu and serves mainly as a tourist site.

something something nendo oberon, mini oberon plush, mochi mascot oberon fighting for their right to be in ritsuka's cleavage and there is the real oberon. his smile is twitching in annoyance before flicking them away from the bedroom then burying his face inbetween ritsuka's tit- but he gets smacked across the bedroom too.

Another attack on Ebonyi residents by the Fulani herdsmen

Another attack on Ebonyi residents by the Fulani herdsmen

It was  gathered that the gunmen stormed the community around 6:30am, shooting sporadically. Gunmen suspected to be Fulani herdsmen are currently attacking Ngbo community, close to Otunyi in Ebonyi state.   Another attack on Ebonyi residents by the Fulani herdsmen. The attack is coming few days after suspected Fulani herdsmen invaded four communities of Egedege, Umuhuali, Obegu and Amezu in…

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Ebonyi attack: Osinbajo visits affected areas, says the dead will get justice

Ebonyi attack: Osinbajo visits affected areas, says the dead will get justice

Vice-President Yemi Osinbajo has assured the people of Ebonyi that the federal government will ensure that they get justice over the recent killings in Ishielu LGA of the state.At least 15 people were killed on March 31, when gunmen invaded some communities in the state. The attacks took place in Nkalaha, Obegu, Amazu, Nkalagu, and Umuhuali communities in Ishielu LGA. Residents had accused…

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#Insecurity: President Buhari Vows To Protect Nigerians, Decries Of Armed Attacks In Anambra, Ebonyi

President Muhammadu Buhari has strongly condemned despicable attack on Monday night in three communities in Íshíelu Local Government Area (LGA) of Ebonyi State. The affected communities are Egedegede, Obegu and Amuzu communities. The President has directed law enforcement agencies to fish out the attackers and make them face justice, stressing that the perpetrators of this “heinous attack”…

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NEWS DAILY: Those who attacked Ebonyi communities, Soludo won’t be spared – Buhari

NEWS DAILY: Those who attacked Ebonyi communities, Soludo won’t be spared – Buhari

President Muhammadu Buhari has condemned the Monday night attack on three communities in Íshíelu Local Government Area of Ebonyi State. The President directed law enforcement agencies to fish out the attackers and make them face justice. The affected communities are Egedegede, Obegu and Amuzu communities. The Nigerian leader stressed that the perpetrators of the “heinous attacks” must not be…

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Buhari condemns armed attack in Ibonyi, Anambra

Buhari condemns armed attack in Ibonyi, Anambra

President Muhammadu Buhari strongly condemns the dastardly attack on Monday night in three communities in Íshíelu Local Government Area (LGA) of Ebonyi State. The affected communities are Egedegede, Obegu and Amuzu communities. The President has directed law enforcement agencies to fish out the attackers and make them face justice, stressing that the perpetrators of this “heinous attack” should…

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Ebonyi State Governor, David Umahi has condemned the attack on some communities in Ishielu Local Government Area of the State by suspected gunmen. The attack took place on Monday night in Nkalaha, Obegu, Amazu, Nkalagu

Suspected Herdsmen Invade three Communities in Ebonyi, Hack Many to Death

Suspected Herdsmen Invade three Communities in Ebonyi, Hack Many to Death

Many were slaughtered while others sustained various degrees of injuries when suspected Fulani herdsmen invaded three communities in Íshíelu Local Government Area of Ebonyi State on Monday night, March 30.  It was gathered that the assailants attacked Egedege, Obegu, Amazu communities, burnt vehicles, motorcycles and looted properties.  There are conflicting figures on the casualties in the…

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Ebonyi Fulani Jihadist Killings: Why Gov. Umahi is Shedding Crocodile Tears - Intersociety

Ebonyi Fulani Jihadist Killings: Why Gov. Umahi is Shedding Crocodile Tears – Intersociety

The International Society for Civil Liberties and Rule of Law (Intersociety) has described as ‘medicine-after-death’ the visit and ‘mourning’ by Governor Dave Umahi to the scenes of the Monday night (29th March) attacks, killings and property violence levied against defenseless rural Christian dwellers in Nkalaha, Obegu, Amazu, Nkalagu and Umuhuali Communities in Ishielu Local Government Area of…

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BREAKING: Herdsmen kill 15 persons in Ebonyi communities__Gov Umahi

Governor of Ebonyi state, David Umahi confirmed that 15 persons were killed by suspected Fulani herdmen on Monday night. Urging the security agents to fish out those who caused the mayhem, the governor expressing his shock lamented that the herdsmen allegedly perpetrated the mayhem carrying AK-47. “I got a piece of very shocking news this afternoon about the attack on about four communities of Nkalaha, Obegu, Amaezu and Umuhuali in Ishielu Local Government Area of the state by AK-47 herdsmen that came yesterday (Monday) and killed 15 of members of these communities. “I remembered that about a year ago, we had an incident of killing of two herdsmen within this same location and immediately the security agencies, the local government Chairman and the community leaders all came together to condemn the attack and the killing and we immediately asked the security agencies to fish out the people that did that and they did fish them out and as we talk, they are standing trial in Ebonyi State and the community and security agencies appeased the herdsmen and made peace with them. READ ALSO: We generate N1bn in 2021 Q1__ Custom  “And so, it is very shocking that overnight, all the herdsmen in Ishielu local government vacated Ishielu local government which means that the local herdsmen in Ishielu are part of the conspiracy in the killing of our people. They vacated despite all efforts by the government, the governors of South-East and security agencies have been making to give them full protection not only in the state but in the entire South East. “We feel so sad that this kind of thing should happen to Ebonyi State, we feel so worried for our country Nigeria and we are short of words. “Good enough, we have some traces of the sponsors, we have the traces of those who came here. I will not disclose it but I am going to escalate the identities of the people to the highest authorities and we wait to see what they will do but we condemn this attack, it is not only happening in Ebonyi State. If it is allowed to go this way, it is capable of generating a very serious civil war among the nation of Nigeria. “I want to demand from the Security Chiefs to fish out these people because they are well known, they should fish them out, let them face the wrath of the law. It has happened in so many places and they were not fished out and that’s why this kind of thing is happening.” Read the full article

HERDSMEN ATTACK EBONYI COMMUNITIES, KILL 15

HERDSMEN ATTACK EBONYI COMMUNITIES, KILL 15

Intelligence gathered that about 15 persons were killed following an attack by unknown gunmen suspected to be herdsmen on some communities in Ishielu LGA of Ebonyi State. The attacks occurred on Monday night in Nkalaha, Obegu, Amazu, Nkalagu, and Umuhuali communities. Ebonyi State Governor, David Umahi, who visited the affected communities on Tuesday, told newsmen that the assailants wielded…

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im going to write so much obegu- [sleeps for the entire day]

Graphic: Suspected herdsmen attack Ebonyi communities, hack many to death (graphic photos)

Graphic: Suspected herdsmen attack Ebonyi communities, hack many to death (graphic photos)

Many were slaughtered while others sustained various degrees of injuries when suspected Fulani herdsmen invaded three communities in Íshíelu Local Government Area of Ebonyi State on Monday night, March 30.  It was gathered that the assailants attacked Egedege, Obegu, Amazu communities, burnt vehicles, motorcycles and looted properties.  There are conflicting figures on the casualties in the…

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Gabon : les dessous du dernier remaniement gouvernemental — JeuneAfrique.comJeuneAfrique.com

Le gouvernement gabonais, mis en place le 12 janvier dernier, a été ” réaménagé ” sur décret présidentiel. Marqué par le départ de trois poids lourds du précédent exécutif – Étienne Massard Kabinga Makaga, Ali Akbar Onanga Y Obegue et Christian Magnagna – les changements visent à ” renforcer la cohérence des portefeuilles ministériels “.

via Gabon : les dessous du dernier remaniement…

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Gabon : les dessous du dernier remaniement gouvernemental — JeuneAfrique.comJeuneAfrique.com

Le gouvernement gabonais, mis en place le 12 janvier dernier, a été ” réaménagé ” sur décret présidentiel. Marqué par le départ de trois poids lourds du précédent exécutif – Étienne Massard Kabinga Makaga, Ali Akbar Onanga Y Obegue et Christian Magnagna – les changements visent à ” renforcer la cohérence des portefeuilles ministériels “.

via Gabon : les dessous du dernier remaniement…

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