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On the Mediterraneans and the South Asians
Honestly, it pisses me off so much when people say the Ancient Greeks/Romans were all white because these ignorant people have no idea how much mingling there was of Africans and South Asians in these areas, particularly the Asians. So here's a quick little history lesson talking about the Mediterraneans (Greek, Persian, Assyrians) and South Asia (Aryans, Dravidians, Tamils).
First of all, we all know race is a social construct, right? Okay, second, I'll try to provide modern-day locations along with their past counter-parts to avoid getting confusing because I know not everyone has this shit memorized like me (rather uselessly, it seems). Also of importance, a HUGE amount of South Asia's history has been lost due to colonization of modern-day India, Pakistan, Sri Lanka, Nepal, Bhutan, Afghanistan, and Burma (Myanmar). So unfortunately, much of this will rely more extensively on records from the somewhat better preserved Greek and other Mediterraneans rather than the South Asians (though there is still plenty of info).
So let's start with about... 6th century BC, okay? For a hint of what we're dealing with, check out this very rad and surprisingly accurate map of the 8th century. Estimations of the beginning of the Greek empire are about 800 BC. South Asian civilizations are just about in the middle of their Iron Age, which overlaps with the Vedic period (the settling of Aryans into modern day India, Pakistan, and Afghanistan). These are relatively light skinned people, by the way, who had been mingling with East Asians, Europeans, Africans, and Dravidians/Tamils (local people of South Asia) for several thousand centuries. So you probably think they're white...
Thankfully, we have art to show us explicit brown people and people with East Asian features (epicanthal fold) :
Greeks were perfectly aware of dark brown skinned people in Africa during this time period, btw.
First of all, I don't quite know how well-researched/respected this book by Edward Pococke written in the 1800s is, but this guy gives us a semi-convincing argument that South Asian tribes basically settled in the Mediterranean first a long time ago. But on the other hand, I genuinely believe this whole argument can just as easily be applied to North African tribes, and that's probably more likely. (Also, he says Mediterranean language is descended from Sanskrit, which is a bit inaccurate; both Mediterranean languages and Sanskrit are descended from Proto-Indo-European.) But anyway, if you're looking for more info, read through the book. It's not that long, it's pretty interesting, and a lot of what he says is pretty good proof of Africans founding Mediterranean civilizations.
So, one of the earliest hints we have of Greeks sharing roots with Aryans was the religious cult of Orphism, which was descended from the myth of Orpheus. It's first hints appeared in literature around 600 BC. It shares many elements with the Aryan version of Vedic Hinduism, and it has often been theorized that the journey Orpheus traveled through was a reference to India.
In 537 BC, Cyrus (Persia) makes it to Peshawar (Afghanistan) and adds Gandhar (also in Afghanistan) to his kingdom; Hindus will recognize this as the name of another ancient kingdom. and Darius makes it to Punjab (Pakistan/India).
In 484 BC, Herodotos (Greek) wrote another book about India. In it, he describes South Indians (Dravidians) as "dark as Ethiopians" and North Indians (Aryans) as "similar to Egyptians in appearance." HMMMM.
Around 380-ish or so, we get Megasthenes. This guy claims he knows Hercules and Dionysus (both the god and the ambassador) hung out in Pentapotamia (Punjab) a lot. He came with a whole court, and he got as far south as Sri Lanka (which is pretty much as south as you can possibly go, unless you wanna go down to the Maldives or Mauritius). Now, he was not "discovering" these places; the Greeks and other western cultures were well aware of them, as well as of their religion. He was an ambassador. This implies that these people were in close enough contact to have ambassadors. Here's the book he wrote on Indika.
In about 327 BC, Alexander "the Great" comes knocking around Paurav (modern day Punjab). At the time, that was considered the border of the biggest empire around, seeing as how Alexander's armies slaughtered all the "tribes" he encountered on his way to Paurav. Now he encounters the surrender of King Purrushotam... and on his shield is something resembling a symbol of the Shurasens (Herakles), and some historians have predicted that's because this guy had ancestry related to the Greeks. You know who? Our friend Megasthenes!
In 322 BC, Alex dies and King Chandragupta of the Maurya empire reconquers the northwest (Punjab, etc). At this point, those people are practically indistinguishable from both north Aryans and east Grecians.
In 250, the Greco-Bactrian kingdom develops (present day Turkmenistan, Afghanistan, Uzbekistan, Tajikistan). This city, acknowledged in Hellenic texts as a Greek city, sat right at the edge of the Hindu-Kush mountains, leaving little room to doubt they were mixing with the Aryans on that side and the Iranians (called Sogdiana back then, where it's presumed some Aryans migrated to South Asia from) on the other side. (Bactria, btw, is considered one of the early Central Asian civilizations, not Greek or South Asian, and their religion was a FASCINATING mix of Zoroastrianism Hinduism, Buddhism, and eventually early Christianity and Islam.) Check out this rad Bactrian art:
Around 180 BC, the Greco-Bactrian empire pretty officially converts into the Indo-Greek Kingdom with Demetrius's arrival.
Also, check out this map of East Asians mixing with the Greeks and the South Asians during this time:
"Alexander took these away from the Aryans and established settlements of his own, but Seleucus Nicator gave them to Sandrocottus (Chandragupta), upon terms of intermarriage and of receiving in exchange 500 elephants." - this is talking about what's now modern-day Kabul, the capital of Afghanistan. Now, since this is talking about intermarriage in about 64 BC, we can assume that they've been getting it on for a while. So there are plenty of Greeks running around in actual Greece descended from people of Aryan/Dravidian backgrounds.
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S.alazar S.lytherin
starter call | open starters | aesthetics | headcanons | photos
VERSES
Use any means to achieve their ends (founder, 35):
Salazar is already secretly building the Chamber of Secrets to house a basilisk, should it be necessary to purge non pure-bloods from the school. The school is opened 5 years at this point, and he teaches Potions and Alchemy.
Cunning and ambition (seventh year ; 18):
Salazar Mauritius Blackwood is a descendent of Slytherin’s founder. He’s intimidating with his tall stature and grey eyes that seem to watch everything going on. Though he mostly keeps to himself, he does have a few friends whom he’s very close with. His sharp tongue would get him into fights, if others would dare face him. He’s highly intelligent and ambitious, and wishes to achieve greatness for his name. His favorite subject currently is potions and dabbling in alchemy. (this in no way coincides with HP and the Cursed Child. Delphini does not exist here.)
Determination and pride (modern ; 33):
Main verse. Salazar has a potions shop opened in Knockturn Alley. An intimidating man overall, Salazar only deals with mages when need be. He lives alone above his shop, only keeping in contact with his mother and father when necessary, and enjoys his solitude surrounded by books and cloaked in darkness. He doesn’t hold anything against mudbloods, despite his upbringing and lineage.
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The New Order - TT3
If you ignore some of the bugs on the skeleton content, they've done a pretty good job improving some of the US content, and the Smuta content for the Russian warlords is very fun, a new way to play that gives a little more flexibility to the tree.
Anyway, Bormann in this run-through (one is from pre-hotfix) got his little Nazi behind spanked. I'm out here winning proxy wars and he can't even coup Norway. He's feeling like a big man after seizing Mauritius and Réunion when I'm winning the Oil Crisis. Only success story this little toad had was that we both took down Himmler and didn't touch off World War 3. So not only does the little rat have to deal with Der Herbst and his cancer, he has to deal with the fact that he lost the Cold War.
Happy gaming, everyone, can't wait to see the next update in seven years.
-SLAL
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Why Cultivating a Travel-centric Lifestyle Leads to Personal Growth and Fulfillment
Although traveling can be a great experience, it has some difficulties that you might come across during your trip outside the country. But these difficulties can be a reason that you become a better version of yourself. It teaches us resilience, how to solve problems, and how to deal with different situations on the road. We will discuss how actually traveling can make all of us better individuals!
Your Perspective
Discovering different cultures, philosophies, or ways of life is an essential part of traveling, a part that changes your perspective and gives you a broader way of thinking compared to someone who has not been on the road that much. Additionally, you become more accepting when facing differences between you and other people that you come across, whether it is in your city, country, or wherever. Getting out of your comfort zone and challenging your preconceptions and perspective is one of the benefits that traveling offers. Facing your anxieties and insecurities while you're in a foreign country is also one of the ways to become more mature and a person who can be trusted. Getting out of your comfort zone is a way to see where you stand as a person in a psychological sense.
Greater Self-Assurance
Whilst traveling, memories that you make there are worth spending time and money to get where you want. Hiking peaks or mountains, seeing different landscapes, admiring historic buildings, and artworks, staying in places like Ocean Villas Mauritius, swimming deep in the seas, and breathtaking dawns and dusks are some of many experiences that give you the opportunity to make that trip the best thing that has happened to you so far in your life. But with all of that, there is another side to the medal.
Even the unpleasant parts of traveling can boost your self-confidence. Missing a train, getting lost in a new city, or misplacing something important. Even if some of these accidents are unpleasant at the moment, you can always make things go in your favor. Trying to manage some of these situations and getting them done at the end demonstrates your ability to stay composed under stress and complete tasks.
Teaches You New Abilities
Communication, resourcefulness, and solving problems are also skills that you can learn through traveling. Relying on your resourcefulness and inventiveness is sometimes necessary when you are on the road, especially if you are not familiar with the place you are currently in, or when you try to interact with locals and handle issues as they come up. All of these talents are beneficial in life as they make you more independent and not rely on others.
Enhancing Your Resilience
As we said before, traveling will put your patience and adaptation to the test, whether it's a missed flight, a language barrier, or a cultural misunderstanding. Overcoming these difficulties and coming up with answers will guarantee that you will build resilience and get stronger to deal with problems down the road in your life besides traveling.
Developing yourself through traveling is a good combination. Traveling will make you more resilient and self-assured and give you the ability to learn new things. It can also help you extend your perspective and acquire new abilities. Think about how you can make your next vacation memorable and life-changing. Start planning your route now for your next vacation. It will surely be another worthwhile experience!
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Car Rental In Port Louis: Booking Tips And Tricks For 2024
Introduction
Planning a trip to Port Louis, the vibrant capital city of Mauritius, promises a blend of cultural immersion, stunning beaches, and historic landmarks. While public transportation can be convenient, nothing beats the freedom of exploring at your own pace. That’s where Port Louis car rental services come in handy. In this guide, we’ll delve into essential tips and tricks for securing the best deal and making the most of your car rental experience in Port Louis.
Rent a car in Port Louis to Easily Explore the City
Port Louis car rental services offer a convenient way to navigate the city and its surrounding attractions. When searching for the ideal car rental in Port Louis, it’s crucial to consider several factors to ensure a smooth and hassle-free experience.
First and foremost, start by researching reputable car rental companies in Port Louis. Look for providers with positive reviews and a wide selection of vehicles to suit your preferences and budget. By opting for a well-established car rental in Port Louis, you can expect reliable customer service and well-maintained vehicles.
Hire a car to get the most out of your trip to Port Louis. You can take your time and enjoy the majority of the following attractions at your own pace:
Blue Penny Museum
Place D’Armes
Aapravasi Ghat
Port Louis Waterfront
Mauritius National Botanical Garden
St James Cathedral
Once you’ve narrowed down your options, compare prices and rental terms to find the best value for your money. Keep in mind that rates may vary depending on factors such as vehicle type, rental duration, and additional services. By shopping around and booking in advance, you can often score great deals on Port Louis car rental.
Port Louis car rental booking Tips and Tricks
Port Louis car rental, prioritize convenience and flexibility. Opt for a rental location that’s convenient for your itinerary, whether it’s at the airport, in the city center, or near your accommodation. Additionally, choose a rental duration that aligns with your travel plans. While daily rates are typically the standard, some providers offer discounts for longer rentals, so consider your itinerary carefully.
Plan ahead: Start your search for a Port Louis car rental early to snag the best deals and availability.
Compare prices: Take the time to shop around and compare rates from different rental companies to ensure you’re getting the most competitive price.
Consider rental duration: Determine the length of your rental period based on your travel itinerary and budget, keeping in mind that longer rentals often come with discounted rates.
Choose the right vehicle: Select a vehicle that suits your needs in terms of size, comfort, and features, whether it’s a compact car for solo travel or a spacious SUV for family outings.
Read the fine print: Thoroughly review the terms and conditions of the rental agreement, including insurance coverage, fuel policies, and any additional fees or surcharges.
Book directly: Consider booking directly with the rental company to access exclusive promotions, loyalty rewards, and better customer service.
Look for discounts: Keep an eye out for discounts, promotions, and special offers that can help you save on your Port Louis car rental.
Be aware of additional fees: Factor in potential extra charges such as airport surcharges, taxes, and fees for optional extras when budgeting for your rental.
Check cancellation policies: Choose rental companies with flexible cancellation policies to accommodate changes to your travel plans.
Verify documentation requirements: Ensure you have all necessary documentation, including a valid driver’s license, passport or ID, and a credit card for payment and security deposit purposes, before booking.
Before finalizing your reservation, carefully review the rental agreement to understand the terms and conditions. Pay attention to details such as insurance coverage, fuel policies, and any additional fees or surcharges. Understanding the fine print can help you avoid unexpected costs and ensure a seamless rental experience.
Upon picking up your rental car in Port Louis, take the time to inspect the vehicle thoroughly for any pre-existing damage. Note any dents, scratches, or other issues on the rental agreement to avoid being held liable upon return. It’s also advisable to familiarize yourself with the vehicle’s features and controls before hitting the road.
When driving in Port Louis, adhere to local traffic laws and regulations to ensure your safety and avoid fines. Keep in mind that driving is on the left side of the road, and road signs are typically in English and French. Be vigilant, especially in busy areas or when navigating narrow streets.
Exploring Port Louis and its surrounding areas by car opens up a world of possibilities. From the bustling Central Market to the serene Pamplemousses Botanical Garden, having your own transportation allows you to tailor your itinerary to your interests and preferences. Take advantage of the flexibility to discover hidden gems off the beaten path and create unforgettable memories.
Conclusion:
Renting a car in Port Louis offers unparalleled convenience and flexibility for exploring this captivating destination and its surrounding areas. By following these tips and tricks, you can secure the best deal and make the most of your car rental experience in Port Louis. From researching reputable providers to understanding rental terms and driving safely, proper preparation ensures a seamless journey from start to finish.
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Malaysia Security Roller Shutter
Our Muriwai Series stands as a testomony to SunGuard’s dedication to high quality, ensuring that each element is meticulously attended to. secure shutters are engineered to resist New Zealand’s various climate situations, providing strong efficiency year-round. Elevate your house with the Muriwai Series, an exquisite assortment of NZ-made shutters crafted by SunGuard. Imbued with superior craftsmanship, these shutters redefine durability and magnificence for your interiors and exteriors.
The impeccable safety features have been rigorously assessed and passed the check every time. When you select ShutterGuard® aluminium security shutters, you probably can rest simple knowing that you’ve opted for the highest-quality security shutters obtainable on the market. DECO-B proudly represents Blockhouse® & Plantation Shutters® brands in Mauritius. They have vital expertise in designing and manufacturing the absolute best aluminium plantation shutters. Shutters are a savvy, stylish and secure solution in your home windows or doors offering security with out compromising the aesthetics of your house, commercial or retail area. These folding, louvred aluminum security shutters will open up a room whilst control gentle, noise and temperature, with the added benefit of preserving you protected.
ShutterGuard® window security shutters are designed to withstand forced entry, break-ins, and vandalism. They are created from high-impact aluminium that can endure any kind of drive. The security shutters are also a wonderful crime deterrent because of the challenging barrier to entry.
It is an aluminium louvre shutter designed particularly for houses in secure estates and other low crime risk locations. It is ideal for those on the lookout for a streamlined, all-in-one window therapy to boost their residence décor. I received 3 estimates for storm shutters and they gave me one of the best deal. Derrick And Josh, my installers, have been skilled, pleasant and useful.
Security grilles are user-friendly and simple to maintain up – they're purely mechanical, no electrical parts concerned. A gentle duster can be used to maintain them free of dust and the bottom track can be hoovered to take away particles. You can control all of your shutters at any time with a single remote management and schedule your shutters to open or close at any time of the day. Use your phone to open and close the shutters from anyplace with the Somfy App or add TaHoma and management them with a easy voice command. Explore the Muriwai Series today and expertise the proper mix of aesthetics, sturdiness, and local craftsmanship. Transform your surroundings with SunGuard’s NZ-made excellence.
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Get The Best Mobile Phones And Tablets in Mauritius
Discover the best selection of mobile phones and tablets in Mauritius at our store. visit Future Space, Explore the latest models from top brands, offering exceptional features and performance. Whether you need a smartphone for work or a tablet for entertainment, we have a wide range to suit your needs. Shop with us for the best deals and reliable service.
For more detail click our website
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Pawan Hans Sale: Cayman Islands company in winning bid allegedly fronted for notorious businessman from Zimbabwe
On 16 May, these reporters published in The Wire and NewsClick an article investigating the antecedents of a consortium of three companies that came together to set up Star9 Mobility Solutions Private Limited, which was announced as the winner of the auction to acquire Pawan Hans Limited, the public-sector helicopter service provider. The article pointed out that little information was available in the public domain about the Cayman Islands registered Almas Global Opportunity Fund (AGOF), the largest stakeholder in Star9 Mobility.
In this report, we detail the association between AGOF and Kudakwashe Tagwirei, a controversial businessman from Zimbabwe who has been sanctioned by the governments of the United States of America and the United Kingdom. For several years, AGOF acted on behalf of Tagwirei and continued to do so even after sanctions were imposed on him.
Described as Zimbabwe’s “Queen Bee,” Tagwirei is an adviser to Zimbabwean President Emmerson Mnangagwa and is said to be close to the ruling ZANU-PF (Zimbabwe African National Union-Patriotic Front). In a report in the Daily Maverick, a South African newspaper, former Zimbabwean Finance Minister Tendai Bitihas described Tagwirei as a person who controls that country’s food industry, 60% of its gold mines, two of its largest banks, and its sole gold refinery. Announcing the imposition of sanctions on Tagwirei in August 2020, the then US Secretary of State Mike Pompeo described him as a “notoriously corrupt businessman” who had assisted “senior Zimbabwean government officials involved in public corruption.”
Tagwirei and his wife own Sakunda Holdings which started by retailing fuel before diversifying its operations. Before Robert Mugabe stepped down as President of Zimbabwe in 2017 and soon after Mnangagwa became the country’s President, Sakunda received more than $1.6 billion (that was 9.1% of Zimbabwe’s GDP in 2017) worth of government contracts and procurement deals in sectors such as oil, minerals, banking, logistics, transportation, and foreign trade. The company has associates in South Africa, Singapore, Mauritius, and the Cayman Islands and has bank accounts in Switzerland. The web of offshore entities that supports Tagwirei’s business empire prominently includes AGOF, the majority stakeholder in the Pawan Hans privatisation deal.
How Almas Global acted for Tagwirei
From 2019 onwards, Sotic International Ltd, a Mauritius-registered trading company, went on a “mine-buying spree” in Zimbabwe, reported the Financial Times. Sotic was Tagwirei’s holding company where his accumulated wealth was allegedly hidden. In July 2021, The Sentry, a US-based anti-corruption not-for-profit organisation, released a report on Tagwirei’s alleged illegal activities (including money laundering), in which AGOF’s role has been elaborated on. According to The Sentry and various reports published by Bloomberg and the Financial Times in 2021, AGOF holds the majority stake in Sotic on behalf of Tagwirei.
The Sentry reported that Capital Horizons, a Mauritius based financial advisory firm with Magalingam Reddy and Shaan Kundomal at its helm, advised and helped Tagwirei create a complicated corporate structure to avoid scrutiny by banks and regulators. On the advice of Shaan, in October 2019, Sotic issued 9,000 convertible debentures to AGOF. Capital Horizons then arranged a subscription agreement and an assignment deed between Tagwirei and AGOF, which then sent $8.4 million to Sotic to acquire a 65 per cent stake in the company.
The chart above has been extracted from the report by The Sentry. It describes AGOF’s links with Sotic International.
AGOF’s representative refused to comment on the transaction to Bloomberg and stated: “As per the legal obligations which the fund has to abide, it cannot comment on any of its relationships in any manner whatsoever. We can confirm that the fund is committed to being responsible in all its legal and compliance obligations as a financial entity and adheres to all local and international laws.”
Interestingly, this is the same stand that AGOF took in the National Company Law Tribunal while refusing to disclose its source of funds and its subscribers or actual beneficiaries, which was elaborated on in our earlier article. In a subsequent email response to Bloomberg, AGOF said it has investors from the Persian Gulf, Latin America and India but refused to disclose their identities citing legal restrictions.
Amardeep Sharma, the managing director of AGOF, responded to the Financial Times, stating: “There is no relationship between the subscriber and the investee company in fund investments, and the fund cannot assign assets to individuals. To the best of my knowledge, [Tagwirei] does not control Sotic.”
AGOF supported Tagwirei even after US sanctions
On 5 August 2020, the US government sanctioned Tagwirei for utilising “his relationships with high-level Zimbabwean officials to gain state contracts and receive favoured access to hard currency, including US dollars.” In turn, Tagwirei allegedly “provided expensive cars to senior government officials.” An audit report prompted a parliamentary inquiry in 2019, which revealed that the Zimbabwean government had failed to account for about $3 billion disbursed under agriculture programmes championed by President Mnangagwa and largely financed by Sakunda Holdings. Soon after the US sanctions, the government of the United Kingdom also imposed sanctions on Tagwirei.
After sanctions were imposed by the US government, Tagwirei and the Zimbabwe government made various moves. The Sentry has disclosed a letter sent by Sotic in August 2020 to the directors of AGOF and another entity called Pfimbi Limited (that holds Sotic’s 35% of shares) to consider a proposal to set up a Zimbabwe-based subsidiary that would hold Sotic’s mining assets. The letter added that this was on account of the “negative press” received and because of the “increased international scrutiny” on Sotic.
In December 2020, the Zimbabwean government announced the formation of a public-private partnership company, Kuvimba Mining House Limited, that would hold some of Zimbabwe’s most valuable gold, platinum, chrome and nickel mines. The revenue generated by this firm was to be used to revive the country’s moribund economy and create a “safer platform” that would avoid the effects of the US sanctions.
Shareholding Pattern of Ziva Resources, Published by the Sentry
The Zimbabwean government-owned Herald quoted the country’s Finance Minister saying that the government holds 65% of Kuvimba through various government funds and other entities, while 35% is with Ziwa Investments, the Zimbabwean subsidiary of a Mauritius-registered company named Quorus. The government in Harare vehemently denied that Tagwirei had any involvement with Kuvimba.
The Sentry report noted that, surprisingly, the name of Kuvimba did not appear in the company registry of the government of Zimbabwe. Ziwa Investments, too, did not appear in the company records of the Mauritius government. However, an entity named Ziwa Resources did appear in the Mauritius government’s records. Interestingly, 65% of Ziwa Resources was owned by Almas Global Opportunity Fund, and the rest was in the hands of the Zimbabwe-registered Pfimbi Resources, whose directors were Tagwirei and his wife. It also turned out that Quorus and Ziwa Resources had the same directors, and they were closely associated with Tagwirei.
Infographic published in The Sentry’s report explains AGOF’s connection with the US sanctioned businessman in 2021.
In October 2021, the Financial Times quoted AGOF’s representative saying that Tagwirei doesn’t own shares in the fund anymore and that Almas was trying to get out of its investments in Zimbabwe. In a detailed recorded interview to this reporters on 27 May, Amardeep Sharma said that AGOF is still trying to exit its investments in Zimbabwe.
How much did the Indian government know?
On 16 May, the day we published our investigation into the antecedents of the buyers of Pawan Hans, various publications and websites reported that the privatisation of Pawan Hans had been “put on hold” by the Indian government. The reports added that the Department of Investment and Public Asset Management (DIPAM) in the Ministry of Finance was conducting a legal examination of an adverse order against AGOF by the NCLT (National Company Law Tribunal) that our previous report covered in detail and that the “letter of award” to the winning bidder, Star9 Mobility, would be issued only after the examination was concluded.
On 18 May, it was reported that AGOF would challenge the NCLT order in the National Company Law Appellate Tribunal (NCLAT), saying that the NCLT order was “abrupt and a bit premature.” The Economic Times quoted the fund’s spokesperson as saying, “AGOF is a fund with a pristine reputation.”
Almas Global’s reputation, however, may not be as pristine as it claims
Was this information known to the Narendra Modi government while it evaluated the bid by Star9 Mobility (in which AGOF holds the largest stake of 49%) to acquire Pawan Hans and found it to be the best and highest offer? Did DIPAM and other agencies of the Indian government that was involved in the evaluation of the bids know the identities of the real investors and ultimate beneficiaries of AGOF? Does Almas Global still have links to Tagwirei? Did the other two partners in the Star9 Mobility consortium – Maharaja Aviation Private Limited and Big Charter Private Limited – know about the source of funds for AGOF?
This is not the first time a disinvestment exercise of the Government of India has come under scrutiny after completion of the process because of allegations against the reputation of the winning bidder. In January this year, the government had pulled the brakes on the privatisation of Central Electronics Limited (CEL) after its employees’ union moved court against the sale of the company to a little-known firm.
Did the government violate its own norms?
There are two government documents that suggest that allowing the sale of Pawan Hans to Star9 Mobility would constitute a violation of government rules.
The first is in an Office Memorandum issued by the Government’s Ministry of Disinvestment in 2001 (the ministry was shut down and merged into the Finance Ministry in 2004 as an independent department, which is now named the Department of Investments and Public Asset Management or DIPAM). The memorandum, which is included as a part of a DIPAM document titled “Guidelines for Qualifications of Bidders” applies generally to all disinvestments of government owned enterprises.
The memorandum (No. 6/4/2001-DD-II dated 13 July 2001) states that “any conviction by a Court of Law or indictment/adverse order by a regulatory authority that casts doubt on the ability of the bidder to manage the public sector unit when it is disinvested, or which relates to a grave offence” would disqualify a bidder in the disinvestment of a public sector enterprise. The memorandum adds that an appeal against such an adverse order would not overturn the disqualification as long as the appeal is pending.
On this ground alone, the order by the NCLT appears to fit the criteria of being an adverse order by a regulatory body that casts doubt on the ability of Almas Global to manage Pawan Hans. That Almas Global has announced that it will appeal the order before the NCLAT should not affect its potential disqualification. According to the procedure laid out in the memorandum, the government has to send a show-cause notice to Almas Global asking why it should not be disqualified from bidding for Pawan Hans.
Then comes the issue of financial eligibility. The government has not yet clarified whether Star9 Mobility was an eligible bidder before it was declared the winning bidder. The preliminary information memorandum for inviting expressions of interest in the “strategic disinvestment” of shares of the government of India in Pawan Hans stated that “Alternative Investment Funds (AIF) registered with (the Securities and Exchange Board of India) SEBI as per SEBI (Alternative Investment Funds) Regulations, 2012 are eligible to participate in the bid provided the concerned AIF has obtained “all statutory approvals” from the relevant ministry in the government of India, the Foreign Investment Promotion Board, the Directorate General of Civil Aviation, the Reserve Bank of India and so on.
An excerpt from the Preliminary Information Memorandum of Pawan Hans Limited. The document lists the eligibility criteria for the IBs
An additional criteria for AIFs is the definition of its net worth. While the bid conditions demanded that the collective net worth of the winning bidder be more than Rs. 300 crore, in the case of the Star9 Mobility Consortium, the net worth requirement had to be entirely covered by Almas Global’s net worth, as we detailed in our previous article. In clarifications that have appeared in the media quoting anonymous government officials, it has been reported that Almas Global provided documentation of its net worth being Rs. 691 crore.
However, the eligibility criteria state that in the case of an AIF, “net worth shall be substituted by maximum permissible investment limit for that particular AIF [as per SEBI (Alternative Investment Funds) Regulations, 2012] in a single investee entity.” This limit would be “considered as per independent chartered accountant/statutory auditor’s certificate not older than 3 months” from the date of the issue of the preliminary information memorandum.
Almas Global Opportunity Fund claims to be an Alternative Investment Fund (AIF). However, as of the night of 26 May, Almas Global’s name cannot be found in SEBI’s list of registered AIFs. How then did the government allow a non-registered AIF to participate in the bid? How did the government arrive at a figure for Almas Global’s maximum permissible investment limit? Who was the independent chartered accountant/statutory auditor that issued a certificate of this investment limit for Almas Global? Was the “statutory auditor” determined based on the statutes of the Cayman Islands (where Almas Global is registered), or as per India’s statutes?
As of 26 May 2022, Almas Global Opportunity Fund is not among the registered AIFs on the SEBI’s website
To sum up, Almas Global and the Star9 Mobility consortium of which it is the lead member may have faced disqualification as a bidder for Pawan Hans on account of an adverse order against it, and may not have been eligible in the first place due to not being registered as an AIF. Did Almas Global get special preference? If it did, was this not against the norms set by the government? Who recommended and approved such preferential treatment?
We sent ten questionnaires by email at noon on 25 May to the following individuals for a response:
Union Minister of Civil Aviation Jyotiraditya Scindia
Secretary, Civil Aviation, Pradeep Singh Kharola
Union Minister of Finance and Corporate Affairs Nirmala Sitharaman
Minister of State for Finance and Corporate Affairs Pankaj Choudhary
Finance Secretary Dr TV Somanathan
Minister for Road Transport and Highways Nitin Gadkari (who, along with Sitharaman and Scindia is a member of the Cabinet Committee on Economic Affairs that approved Star9 Mobility’s bid for Pawan Hans)
Secretary, Department of Investment and Public Asset Management, Ministry of Finance, Tuhin Kanta Pandey
Captain Sanjay Mandavia of Big Charter
Sumit Sawhney of Maharaja Aviation
Amardeep Sharma of Almas Global Opportunity Fund
Response from Amardeep Sharma
At around 4 pm on the same day, Amardeep Sharma, who is based in Dubai, responded by contacting one of the authors over the phone. Sharma said that Almas Global Opportunity Fund has received the necessary regulatory clearances for the Pawan Hans deal, and that the fund has nothing to do with Tagwirei of Zimbabwe. Sharma added that he is confident of acquiring a controlling interest in Pawan Hans Limited, and that he would make it into a better company and employ many more people. Sharma said being from a small town in India (Korba, Chhattisgarh), he is a patriot, and wants India to receive foreign investments.
In a subsequent written response Sharma added the following statements :
“Almas Capital Limited is the 100% management shareholder and the Fund Manager of Almas Global Opportunity Fund. Almas Global Opportunity Fund has around USD 550 million worth of assets under management, and it has invested across the globe including exposure in the Indian markets. It has a substantial amount of liquid assets (market securities). I would disagree [with terming Almas Global a “shell company”],..Almas Global opportunity fund is more than 4 years old, a broad-based, well-diversified fund, and has invested across the globe in multiple asset classes, which has huge exposure in India.
I am not part of Almas Capital Limited or Almas Global Opportunity Fund anymore. Almas Global Opportunity Fund has two directors as required by the Cayman Islands. Almas Capital Limited manages the Fund. Vishal Rana is the director of Almas Capital Limited. AGOF has no relationship with Mr Kudakwashe Tagwirei, as he is not a subscriber of the Fund. The Fund has stringent compliance and code of conduct policies for its subscribers. We are in the process of exiting from Ziwa resources. We have not and cannot disclose the subscribers’ names as such information is confidential. We are a private fund. We are not a Foreign Portfolio Investment (FPI) company or fund, so we don’t have to be registered with SEBI. The Foreign Portfolio Investment Companies get registered with SEBI.”
After his written response, Sharma consented for an interview via video-conferencing. The full edited transcript of our interview with Sharma will be published.
Ministry of Civil Aviation seeks response from DIPAM
While we did not receive any answers to the questions we sent to government officials and ministers, at around 10:20 am on May 27, one of the authors was CC-ed on an email sent by an official in the Ministry of Civil Aviation to officials in the DIPAM and to employees of SBI Capital Markets. (SBI Capital Markets has been appointed as the transaction adviser for the entire process of disinvestment of Pawan Hans) The email forwarded to the DIPAM and SBI Capital Markets officials has the questionnaire sent by one of us to the secretary of the ministry of civil aviation.
“Reference trailing email, it is requested to furnish requisite information on the questionnaire…urgently”
No information was furnished by DIPAM or by SBI Capital Markets until publication. This article will be updated as soon as we receive further responses.
James Battles
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The promise of beaver pelts drew European trappers to what the Lenape people called Manhatta, the hilly island on the Hudson. History has taught centuries of Kids that today’s Super-Valuable Real Estate was Bought by the Dutch for $24 and Some Beads. Illustration By Stock Montage, Contributor, Getty Images. They have purchased the Island of Manhattes from the savages for the value of 60 Guilders. It is 11,000 Morgens in size.” A historian in 1846 calculated that 60 guilders were equivalent to $24 for that time. This $24 figure has been frozen in time and is where this part of the story originates.
The True Story of the Sale of the Island of Manhattan
Manhattan is considered the cultural, financial, entertainment, and media capital of the world. The borough hosts the United Nations Headquarters as well as Wall Street. Many multinational media conglomerates reside in Manhattan, and it’s been the setting for many books, films, and tv shows. The value of the island of Manhattan, including all of its real estate, exceeds over three trillion dollars. Median residential property sales prices in Manhattan equals to $ 1,600 per square foot in 2018. Fifth Avenue, which also resides in Manhattan, commands the highest retail rents in the world, commanding a whopping $ 3,000 per square foot.
An often-repeated story throughout History is that the Dutch bought the island of Manhattan from the Native Americans. The price paid was $24 worth of beads, trinkets, a jar of Mayonnaise, two pair of wooden clogs, a loaf of wonder bread and a carton of Quaker oats. It is considered one of the biggest business mistakes in History. Here’s the thing did it really go down the way we were taught? Let us explore, shall we?
On May 4, 1626, Peter Minuit arrived in New Amsterdam (modern-day NYC) as the new director of the Dutch West India Company (DWIC). The Dutch West India Company was a charted company of Dutch Merchants. Its goal was to expand the Dutch trade reach globally. It dabbled in trading many goods, including participating in the Atlantic slave trade. Minuit had been sent to diversify the trade coming out of New Netherland (Modern-day New York), they traded in mostly animal pelts then. Minuit was authorized by the DWIC to settle any disputes with any local Native American tribes over trading and land rights. Soon after Minuit’s arrival, he agreed with a local tribe for the land rights to Manhattan. There is no proof of an original title deed. The only evidence we have is a DWIC internal communication from 1626. The communication states:
“Yesterday the ship the Arms of Amsterdam arrived here. It Sailed from New Netherland out of the River Mauritius on September 23. They report that our people are in good spirit and live in peace. The women also have borne some children here. They have purchased the Island of Manhattes from the savages for the value of 60 Guilders (The Basic Monetary Unit of the Netherlands 🇳🇱, Until the Introduction of the Euro, Equal to 100 cents). It is 11,000 Morgens in size.”
A historian in 1846 calculated that 60 guilders were equivalent to $24 for that time. This $24 figure has been frozen in time and is where this part of the story originates. Modern historians have calculated that 60 guilders were equivalent to $951.08 in that time frame. Now $951 is much better than $24, but it’s still too low of a price for the whole island of Manhattan.
One thing the correspondence doesn’t cover is what Native American tribe or on whose behalf was a deal with Minuit made. Historian Nathaniel Benchley found that Minuit was dealing with the Canarsees, a Lenape tribe primarily located in south Brooklyn. For those of you who are familiar with New York Geography, south Brooklyn is not Manhattan far from it actually. Benchley claims that the Weckquaesgeeks, a closely related Wappinger tribe, actually occupied most of mid and Northern Manhattan. That’s great except Minuit made a deal with the Canarsees.
That explains the low price! Manhattan was never the Canarsees to sell away. They were traveling through Manhattan and was approached with an offer they couldn’t refuse. They were happy to agree to anything the Dutch proposed hell it wasn’t their land. The Canarsees happily took the goods which were more than just trinkets and beads and went back to Brooklyn.
To further emphasize this point, there was a series of bloody battles between the Wappinger tribes and the Dutch settlers during the early 1640s. It seems someone didn’t respect the “deed” that was signed in 1626. Before these battles and the Dutch encroachment, the Wappingers lived peacefully on Manhattan.
If you were wondering how Manhattan eventually became part of the U.S. A.. The English conquered New Netherland and renamed it New York in 1664. After being regained buy the Dutch it was ceded back to England in the Westminster Treaty of 1674. The U.S.A won it from the English with the win in the revolutionary war.
Mistakes Were Made
Often throughout History, we are taught inaccurate stories. Especially when the story makes Europeans look Smarter, more intelligent, and wiser than whatever minority or “savage” culture they were dealing with. This story turns that line of thinking on its head and shows it as a false construct.
The Dutch were the ones who made a mistake in this story. They never did their research or homework on who had the right claim to Manhattan. They probably just stopped the first Native Americans they saw and proposed a deal to them. The problem was those Native Americans were the Canarsees, and they didn’t have a claim to Manhattan. Sure the Dutch paid a low monetary price, but they paid a much higher price in bloodshed with the battles they had to fight with the Wappinger tribes over the actual ownership of Manhattan.
The native Americans were not as dumb or naïve as they are portrayed, and the Europeans are not as intelligent as they are portrayed; the truth is somewhere in the middle. This tale is one of many stories from the past, that has been whitewashed, and the real story is finally coming too light.
— Posted on September 15, 2019 By Marlon Mosley, MWMBlog.Com
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How much are the working hours for ground staff?
The airport is a highly protected place that is always humming with travelers and personnel. doing in an airport is not like doing a traditional 9 to 5 job. The first thing to know is that an airport is a location that is open 24 hours a day, seven days a week. This is the most difficult component of working as ground staff in an airport because they are required to work in shifts and have lengthy working hours. Working in an airport offers numerous advantages and downsides, just like every coin has two sides. Candidates with attractive personality, approachability, hard work, time management, and so forth are frequently chosen for the post of ground personnel.
Let’s look at the positive side of working in an airport.
Ground staff must have a minimal higher education qualification and, in certain cases, a bachelor’s degree. The applicant must be at least 18 years old. We don’t require majors or any special qualifications to be a ground staff, which means that an 18-year-old who has completed his Higher Secondary education and has strong communication and personality may begin their profession right away. At Skillsetter Institute, we have many students who, after finishing high school and reaching 18 years old, begin their job as ground staff. This allows them to start financially supporting their family and become more independent.
India’s tourism slogan is Atithi Devo Bhava. It is a Sanskrit word that means “Guest is God.” As a result, as a customer service professional, everyone strives for perfection.
Working in an airport entails meeting individuals from other countries and guaranteeing their comfort. It is critical to ensure that all clients enjoy a pleasant travel experience. Dealing with consumers from other nations exposes us to their cultures and broadens our perspective.
One of the benefits of working in an airport is the opportunity to meet celebrities. VIPs, CIPs, and media figures are frequently seen at the airport; dealing with these high-profile clients may be both tough and gratifying, as it builds ground personnel confidence and ability to speak effectively.
We have frequently seen Skillsetter trainees who begin working at the airport develop and enhance their personalities significantly. Working in a professional setting teaches children responsibility and teaches them the value of money.
Ground Staff are frequently well compensated. They have a basic as well as an over time, which allows them to earn a six-figure wage from the start. They are able to contribute to their family’s earnings at a young age.
Because airports are often operational 24 hours a day, 7 days a week, aviation employees work in shifts. Managing these flexible work schedules may be difficult, but also rewarding. However, the notion of weekend off is not set for airport employees. They usually get off on weekdays and rarely on weekends. As a result, ground crew frequently miss family activities and occasionally lack work-life balance.
We all know that aircrafts are frequently delayed due to mechanical, weather, and ATC delays, hence ground crew frequently work lengthy shifts since they cannot sign off of duty before a certain flight does not take off. This also results in annoyed and unhappy clients. Handling them is difficult, and strong customer service skills are required to deal with them. At Skillsetter Institute, we frequently do role plays to help students learn how to deal with these circumstances.
Ex-Skillsetter Institute students are now working as ground workers for airlines such as Air Mauritius, Vistara, Air France, Gulf Air, and others. Once these kids become accustomed to working in the airport, they like working in this energized environment and do not want to leave.
Being a ground staff member enables students to become financially self-sufficient, to redirect their energies in the correct professional path, and to create a calm and mature attitude.
Tags: Ground staff management, Air hostess training institute, Cabin crew training institute, Airport ground handling, Self confidence builder, Airport management.
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Le Chamarel Holistic Retreat & Wellness
Website: https://www.lechamarelholisticretreat.com
Address: St Anne's Road, Chamarel, Mauritius
Le Chamarel Holistic Retreat & Wellness is nestled in the serene environment of Chamarel, offering a unique blend of body and mind treatments, facial treatments, and package deals designed for holistic well-being. Our retreat focuses on rejuvenating therapies and wellness packages tailored to enhance your physical, mental, and spiritual health. Experience personalized care in a tranquil setting, where each treatment is curated to your specific needs, ensuring a revitalizing retreat experience.
Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/profile.php?id=100087964735209
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Admirable Articles of Mauritius's Constitution
4. Protection of right to life (Part of it)
A person shall, not be regarded as having been deprived of his life in contravention of this section, if he dies as the result of the use, to such extent and in such circumstances as are permitted by law, of such force as is reasonably justifiable
for the defence of any person from violence or for the defence of property;
in order to effect a lawful arrest or to prevent the escape of a person lawfully detained;
for the purpose of suppressing a riot, insurrection or mutiny; or
in order to prevent the commission by that person of a criminal offence, or if he dies as the result of a lawful act of war.
5. Protection of right to personal liberty (Part of it)
No person shall be deprived of his personal liberty save as may be authorised by law
in execution of the order of a court made to secure the fulfillment of any obligation imposed on him by law;
for the purpose of bringing him before a court in execution of the order of a court;
upon reasonable suspicion of his having committed, or being about to commit, a criminal offence;
in the case of a person who has not attained the age of 18 years, for the purpose of his education or welfare;
for the purpose of preventing the spread of an infectious or contagious disease;
in the case of a person who is, or is reasonably suspected to be, of unsound mind or addicted to drugs or alcohol, for the purpose of his care or treatment or the protection of the community;
upon reasonable suspicion of his being likely to commit breaches of the peace; or
6. Protection from slavery and forced labour
No person shall be held in slavery or servitude.
No person shall be required to perform forced labour.
For the purposes of this section, the expression "forced labour" does not include -
any labour required in consequence of the sentence or order of a court;
labour required of any person while he is lawfully detained that, though not required in consequence of the sentence or order of a court, is reasonably necessary in the interests of hygiene or for the maintenance of the place at which he is detained;
any labour required of a member of a disciplined force in pursuance of his duties as such or, in the case of a person who has conscientious objections to service as a member of a naval, military or air force, any labour that that person is required by law to perform in place of such service; or
any labour required during a period of public emergency or in the event of any other emergency or calamity that threatens the life or well-being of the community, to the extent that the requiring of such labour is reasonably justifiable, in the circumstances of any situation arising or existing during that period or as a result of that other emergency or calamity, for the purpose of dealing with that situation.
by Dunilefra, working for Politics
#Mauritius#Dunilefra#Politics#Political Reform#World Politics#World Order#Fundamental Rights#Human Rights#Economy#Religion#State Policy#Political Analysis#Constitution#Constitutional Law
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Epic roadtrip on the East of the Island of Mauritius.
Grand River South East (GRSE) is this incredible village in the southeast of Mauritius, right by the Indian Ocean. Back in the 17th century, the Dutch named it Groote River (Great River) because they used it to stock and ship ebony wood. Nowadays, the people in GRSE mostly make a living by fishing, and the village has cool local groups and things to check out. There's even a waterfall, and it's super popular with both tourists and locals.
Allow me to quote YAGNISHSING DAWOOR.
Now, there's this jungle, right? And these fancy villas pop up from it, all cool and covered in stucco. They kind of take up a bunch of space, especially the rich folks' part. A bit of where I'm from got covered up when they built these fancy houses and their even fancier twin, the Anahita. I got worried once during this big tide day when there was a massive earthquake in Sumatra in 2004. I thought the village might get washed away, and bits of our lives might end up in Africa, where most of our people are from. It felt like this weird reverse middle passage. Little did I know then that there are other ways places can disappear, like humans messing things up or making deals that change how a place looks or lives.
What I'm telling you about this place comes from a mix of real moments, things I've felt, stories I half-heard while half-asleep, and maybe some stuff I made up. I found old photos from ages ago, all sepia-toned and mysterious, hiding in drawers that lost their keys.
So, this fishing village is a big deal for me, especially because of my late grandmother, Devi Sri Manti. Imagine her porch with stone steps, and she's there, crouching and weeding with her hair all oily. You can see the sea from her yard, and it's like this ghost moving away with a huge, blue sheet between its strides. The Bambou Range and Mont Villars in the distance, with smoky shadows coming down at sundown. Lights from far-away houses. Some days, it still feels exactly like that.
Even though trees block the view of our house from the main road, it's just a short walk from the village milestone and not far from where we grab groceries. The house is a bit crumbly, but it's got this timeless sea-feel to it. My uncle's always in the backyard with his boat, fixing it up to keep the seawater out. He's got cool stories from the edges of unknown waters. "We come from India and Africa," he'd say, "we're all their sons and daughters." Sometimes, he talks about our memories scattered at sea, lost and unclaimed.
Past the street with speedboats and food vans, there's this sludgy strip where the Grand River meets the sea. Sadly, it took lives last year, including a two-year-old and a woman trying to save him. This old river mouth is magnetic, dangerous, and without its challenges, it might just disappear. It's like the heart of the place, you know? If it goes away, the village might lose its essence and vanish.
The fishermen of the east coast of Mauritius play a vital role in the local economy and culture. Fishing has been a traditional way of life in Mauritius for centuries, and the east coast, with its abundant marine resources, has a thriving community of fishermen. Here are some aspects of the fisherman's life on the east coast:
Lifestyle:
Fishing is not just an occupation; it's a way of life for many families on the east coast. The fishermen often follow a daily routine dictated by the tides, weather conditions, and the seasonal migration of fish.
Traditional Techniques:
Many fishermen on the east coast use traditional fishing techniques that have been passed down through generations. This includes using handcrafted wooden boats, nets, and lines. Traditional pirogues, a type of small canoe, are still commonly used for nearshore fishing.
Variety of Fish:
The east coast of Mauritius is known for its rich marine biodiversity. Fishermen here catch a variety of fish, including tuna, dorado, kingfish, grouper, and snapper. The abundance of fish contributes to the livelihoods of the fishing communities.
Fishing Villages:
The east coast is dotted with fishing villages where you can find colorful boats lined up along the shores. These villages often have a close-knit community, and fishing is not just a profession but a shared identity.
Fish Markets:
The catch from the east coast makes its way to local fish markets, providing fresh seafood to both locals and visitors. Markets in towns like Mahebourg and Flacq are vibrant places where you can experience the bustling trade of freshly caught fish.
Challenges:
Like fishermen worldwide, those on the east coast face challenges such as changing weather patterns, overfishing concerns, and environmental issues. They are also adapting to modern technology to enhance their fishing methods while maintaining a balance with sustainable practices.
Cultural Heritage:
Fishing on the east coast is not just an economic activity; it's deeply intertwined with the cultural heritage of the region. Many cultural events and festivals celebrate the fishing traditions, and the knowledge of the sea is passed down from one generation to the next.
Community Spirit:
The sense of community among the fishermen is strong. They often collaborate to share knowledge, resources, and assistance when needed. Community-based initiatives for sustainable fishing practices are also gaining traction.
Tourism and Fishing:
With the growth of tourism in Mauritius, some fishermen on the east coast may also engage in providing fishing experiences for tourists. This allows visitors to learn about traditional fishing methods and experience the daily life of a fisherman.
The fishermen of the east coast of Mauritius contribute not only to the local economy but also to the cultural richness of the region. Their way of life reflects a harmonious relationship with the sea and the traditions that have sustained communities for generations.
The roads on the east coast of Mauritius are pretty good – all smooth and well-kept. But, you know, there are some things you should watch out for when you're driving:
Traffic: Sometimes, the road can get pretty busy, especially during rush hours and holidays. You might find slow drivers, big buses, trucks, and people walking around. Just be patient and careful.
Road closures: Every now and then, a part of the road might be closed for fixing stuff or building things. It could mess up your plans, so it's a good idea to check if everything's clear before you head out.
Road signs: Most of the signs are easy to understand, but they might not always show the names of places in English. Some places have different names in English and French, so keep an eye out for both. Like Trou d’Eau Douce is also called Deux Frères, and Poste La Fayette is also called Poste de Flacq.
Road conditions: The road is usually smooth, but it can change depending on the weather. Sometimes it gets narrow, twisty, or hilly, so take it slow. Watch out for potholes, speed bumps, and maybe even some animals on the road.
Fort Hendrik was a small fort built by the Dutch in 1638 on the southeast coast of Mauritius, near the village of Vieux Grand Port. It was named after Frederik Hendrik, the stadtholder of the Netherlands and the brother of Prince Maurice, after whom Mauritius was named. The fort was destroyed by fire in 1695 and later rebuilt by the French, who also established a settlement around it. The site is now a historical museum that displays artifacts and ruins from the colonial era.
The first place where the Dutch landed in Mauritius was Grand Port. The Dutch were the first Europeans to arrive on the island in 1598. They named the island "Mauritius" in honor of Prince Maurice of Nassau, who was a key figure in the Dutch Republic.
Here are some key points about the Dutch landing in Grand Port:
Historical Context:
The Dutch East India Company, led by Admiral Wybrand Van Warwijck, made the first recorded landing on the island in 1598 during an expedition to the East Indies. However, their initial attempt to establish a settlement was not successful.
Abandonment and Rediscovery:
The Dutch abandoned Mauritius after their first attempt, and the island remained uninhabited by Europeans for several decades. It was later rediscovered by the Dutch in 1638 when they established a more permanent presence.
Grand Port:
Grand Port, located on the southeast coast of the island, played a significant role in the early Dutch exploration and colonization efforts. The natural harbor at Grand Port provided a strategic location for ships to anchor and replenish supplies.
Ebony Exploitation:
One of the primary reasons for the Dutch interest in Mauritius was the abundance of ebony trees. The Dutch exploited these ebony forests for their valuable wood, which was highly sought after in European markets.
Limited Settlement:
While the Dutch had a presence in Mauritius, their attempts at establishing a permanent settlement were limited. The harsh conditions, including cyclones and a lack of freshwater sources, made sustained colonization challenging.
Abandonment and Arrival of Other Colonizers:
The Dutch ultimately abandoned their efforts in Mauritius in the mid-17th century. Subsequently, the French and later the British arrived on the island, each leaving their mark on its history and culture.
Legacy:
Despite the relatively brief Dutch presence, their initial exploration and exploitation of resources, especially ebony, left a lasting impact on Mauritius. The island's history is a complex tapestry woven by various colonial powers.
While Grand Port was the first landing site for the Dutch in Mauritius, subsequent colonial powers contributed significantly to the island's development and cultural heritage. Today, Grand Port is known not only for its historical significance but also for its picturesque landscapes and rich marine life.
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Get the best romantic deals on Mauritius Honeymoon Packages for couples.
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The Best Places To Rent a Car In Port Louis
Introduction
Port Louis is the capital of Mauritius, a dynamic city. You can explore the island paradise with ease, whether you’re on vacation or here for business. Renting a Car in Port Louis allows you to explore the island and city at your pace. It is convenient, flexible, and economical.
Why Renting a Car in Port Louis Makes Sense ?
Convenience
Forget about relying on public transportation schedules or haggling with taxi drivers. With a rental car at your disposal, you have the freedom to come and go as you please, exploring every corner of Port Louis and beyond without any restrictions.
Flexibility
Want to embark on a spontaneous road trip along the coast or venture into the lush hinterlands? Renting a car gives you the flexibility to change your plans on a whim, ensuring that you make the most of your time in Mauritius without being tied down to fixed itineraries.
Cost-effectiveness
Contrary to popular belief, renting a car in Port Louis can actually save you money in the long run, especially if you’re traveling with family or friends. Splitting the cost of a rental car among multiple passengers often works out to be more economical than relying on alternative modes of transportation.
Factors to Consider When Renting a Car In Port louis
Budget
Before making any reservations, it’s important to establish a realistic budget for your car rental in port louis expenses. Take into account factors such as rental rates, fuel costs, insurance fees, and any additional charges that may apply.
Type of Vehicle
From compact sedans to spacious SUVs and luxurious convertibles, the choice of rental vehicles in Port Louis is extensive. Consider your specific needs and preferences when selecting the right type of vehicle for your travels.
Rental Duration
Whether you’re planning a short weekend getaway or an extended stay in Mauritius, choose a rental duration that aligns with your itinerary. Port Louis car rental agencies offer flexible rental periods to accommodate different travel schedules.
Top Car Rental Agencies in Port Louis
ABC Car Rental
Renowned for its competitive rates and impeccable customer service, ABC Car Rental is a popular choice among visitors to Port Louis. With a diverse fleet of vehicles to choose from, you’re sure to find the perfect car for your needs.
SNZ Car Rental
For those seeking premium vehicles and personalized assistance, look no further than SNZ Car Rental in port louis . From sleek sports cars to spacious SUVs, their impressive lineup caters to discerning travelers who demand nothing but the best.
LMN Rent-a-Car
Convenience meets affordability at LMN Rent-a-Car, where budget-conscious travelers can find great deals on reliable rental vehicles. Whether you’re on a tight budget or simply prefer practicality over luxury, LMN has you covered.
Comparing the price of car rental in port louis
Economy Cars
If you’re looking to minimize expenses without compromising on quality, economy cars are the way to go. With fuel-efficient engines and affordable rental rates, these compact vehicles offer excellent value for money.
SUVs
For families or larger groups traveling together, SUVs provide ample space and comfort for everyone onboard. Whether you’re navigating city streets or tackling off-road terrain, an SUV rental ensures a smooth and enjoyable driving experience.
Luxury Vehicles
Indulge in the ultimate driving experience by opting for a luxury vehicle rental in Port Louis. From sleek sedans to stylish convertibles, these high-end cars exude sophistication and elegance, making every journey a memorable one.
Conclusion
Renting a car in Port Louis opens up a world of possibilities, allowing you to explore the city and its surroundings with unparalleled freedom and flexibility. Whether you’re embarking on a solo adventure or traveling with loved ones, the convenience, affordability, and comfort of a rental vehicle make it the ideal choice for navigating Mauritius.
FAQs
Is it necessary to rent a car in Port Louis?
While public transportation is available, renting a car offers greater flexibility and convenience for exploring the island
How much does it cost to rent a car in Port Louis?
Rental prices vary depending on the type of vehicle, rental duration, and additional services. Generally, economy cars are the most affordable option.
Are there any age restrictions for renting a car in Port Louis?
Most car rental near port louis require drivers to be at least 21 years old, with some imposing additional fees for drivers under 25.
Can I rent a car in Port Louis without a credit card?
Port Louis car rental agencies accept debit cards or cash deposits as an alternative to credit cards, but it’s always best to check with the rental company beforehand.
What are the best times to visit Port Louis?
Port Louis enjoys a tropical climate year-round, but the best time to visit is during the dry season from May to December, when temperatures are mild and rainfall is minimal.
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Untitled
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