#he was alive during the french revolution in the late 1700s and the way he dies is fucking hilarious when u know whats going on
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gahhhh. im sure it doesn't sound like it most of the time, but wow my degree is so cool and fun 🥰🥰
#yes it is painful sometimes and yes it is lots of hard work and frustration#but like....... isnt it so cool to find out why the world became the way it is#how people in the past were like us and also so totally different#through the right lens human history is both the ultimate tragedy of a self-obsessed power hungry cannibalistic species#and also the greatest funniest soap opera of all time#stories upon stories#i will be very honest with u i was kind of scared when i started that i had chosen the wrong degree#what if its not as fun at uni as it was at school - what if its actually way too difficult and i end up hating it#but ykw?? im so glad i chose this#(for those who may not know i am a history student)#idk man i just wish more people knew how cool and funny history is sometimes#plus the sorts of ways this degree encourages u to think are VERY useful (esp nowadays)#'always question everything' is the motto and wow it is very enlightening to live like this#where has this info come from - can i trust them? why are they telling me this? what do they want? is it even true? how do they know this?#does this info fit with what i already know? why? what do other people say abt this? does this imply something about the wider context here#look me in the eye and tell me thats not the most important ingredient for being online nowadays#(except for block and move on. that one is supreme we all know that)#if u are not so into history i would encourage u to have a little look at some of the cool stories that are there i think u will like them#one of the funny (and very gory) ones that i would recommend is the life and especially death of maximilian robespierre#he was alive during the french revolution in the late 1700s and the way he dies is fucking hilarious when u know whats going on#i have actually talked abt this a lot on discord bc i think its funny - much to the annoyance of everyone else in the server lol#another one from that time is napoleon's coup and the removal to saint-cloud#the power struggles of the GMD and CCP in china in the early-mid 20th century are also v interesting if u like that sort of thing#this has all come about bc i was reading an account today of the marriage of alfonso vi of leon and castile and princess zaida of seville#and wow i have a lot of thoughts about it#theres no way to tell if they were really in love or not and if so how much#but idk something about it is very sweet and very sad to me#she the daughter in law of the muslim king of seville and supposedly falls in love with the christian king alfonso - she converts#to christianity so she can marry him but they are only together for a short time - she dies a few years later in 1093 giving birth to their#son sancho alfonsez (who is killed in 1108 at age 15) and she's buried at alfonso's favourite church (technically an abbey but ykwim)
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History of Cufflinks: An illustrated timeline
Introduction
The cuff link has a long and interesting history intertwined with the development of ‘fitted’ clothing – which necessitated the use of buttons. Subsequent development of the ‘worked’ buttonhole, the Industrial Revolution and the evolution of mens’ fashion – culminating in the ‘French cuff’
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Clothing in pre-historic times tended to be functional and related to the hunter-gatherer and later farming lifetyles. Leather, furs and fabrics tended to be wrapped around the body and tied. As these ancient societies evolved, the idea of ‘status’ along with status symbols developed. In terms of clothing fasteners in Ancient Ireland, the elaborate dress fasteners of the Bronze Age comes to mind.
1200’s
Strings pins or belts were used rather than buttons to fasten clothing. It was not until fitted garments became popular in the 13th century that buttons where used as fasteners.
1600’s
In the 17th century the decorative lacy cuff of the Renaissance began to give way to more practical styles. At first noblemen began using ribbons to tie their cuffs and the elegance of them was considered a status symbol. By the late 17th century ribbons were replaced by jeweled buttons which were called Sleeve Buttons.
Sleeve Buttons were much more simple than lace
They were also much more visually interesting than ribbons
Sleeve Buttons became very popular very quickly in the 1600’s
1700’s
By the time of King George (1738-1820) these buttons had become much more ornate. one favourite style was to create miniature paintings on the underside of a piece of glass or quartz. It was still a bauble of the elite classes however, and they were quite expensive to produce due to the material costs involved. This like so many facets of European society changed rapidly with the coming Industrial Revolution.
1800’s
Cufflinks have often been accompanied by matching studs for the front of the shirt, particularly for formal wear from the 19th and 20th centuries.
At the beginning of the reign of Queen Victoria (1837-1901) and towards the end of Britain’s Industrial Revolution the middle class adopted cuff links.
Unable to afford gems they turned to replicas of the real thing.
Rhinestones and pastes were used as fake diamonds
Pinchbeck a copper and zinc alloy substituted for gold
Cut steel marcasite were used for silver
A ‘rose’ or flat cut was favoured by late Georgian and Victorian jewelers
1840
The French cuff or double cuff shirt sleeve become a popular fashion accessory. The historical stimulus for the elegant touch in mens’ fashion was the publication of Alexander Dumas “The Three Musketeers”
Dumas detailed description of the turned-back sleeves of the men guarding King Louis Xlll inspired European designers to modify the single cuff link-holed shirt which had been a fashion main stay in England.
1882
In 1882 George Krementz invented a machine that was based on a Civil War cartridge shell. It would mass produce one-piece buttons and cuff links very cheaply, which further enabled everyone to enjoy what was once the exclusive domain of the wealthy and privileged.
1900’s
Although the growing middle class liked enameled cuff links during the early Victorian period, it was during the Art Deco period that enamels reached their popularity. Skilled craftmen such as Faberge had perfected the art of using enamels by the end of the 19th century which he then mass produced during the early period of the 20th century.
The Faberage enamel cufflinks are said to have a gem-like brilliance and are highly sought after in auction houses throughout the world.
Other leading cuff link designers like Cartier and Tiffanys also began produce cuff links at the turn of the 20th century and were heavily influenced by the Art Nouveau – Art Deco, Cubism period.
The Roaring 20s were probably the height of cuff-link invention. Manufacturers created a variety of devices and designs to do one simple thing: permit a fellow to insert and remove his cufflinks with a minimum of difficulty and a maximum of security.
1924
In 1924, a Mr Boyer, of the Boyer company, created a fastener system made up of a tilting stick between a double stem fixed to the base. Nowadays, this system still remains the most common fastener used.
1950’s
The “stirrup” link enjoyed some popularity in the 1950’s – a curved bar encompassing the cuff from one side to the other.
1970’s
In the Seventies, shirts with built-in buttons replace cuff links. Fortunately, the haute couture of famous names kept the style of wearing cuff links which continued to influence many people and kept the tradition alive.
1987
In London salerooms, no provenance is more sought-after than a royal connection. Britain’s royal family rarely parts with jewellery but Edward VIII was one who flew the coop, abdicating in December 1936, to marry the American divorcee Wallis Simpson. She became the Duchess of Windsor and her jewellery was sold at a landmark auction in Geneva in 1987 which raised $50 million. However pieces from the couple’s collection still turn up.
One pair of cuff links sold at auction for $440,000.
They were engraved with the initials ‘E’ and ‘W’
1990’s
The French cuff shirt make a dramatic come back and cuff links become a main stream fashion accessory spanning across all ages. Young people rediscover this accessory.
Paul Smith & Gucci brands start to expand and increase their new cuff link ranges.
A new generation of cuff links was born.
Cuff links, once viewed as a formal jewel becomes an essential accessory for both men and women wanting to express their individuality with style.
2000’s
Today cuff links are worn all over the world by men and women of discriminating taste and style. Whether it’s a classic or a modern design – or even one of the latest in novelty designs – cuff links are something that can be worn and appreciated by anyone who wants to look their best.
2010’s
In 2014, Sotheby’s in London sold a selection of the couple’s jewels and precious objects including a pair of gold and painted enamel cufflinks, featuring portraits of the Duke’s grandparents King Edward VII and Queen Alexandra
It is often said that a man should never buy his own cufflinks, but that they should always be gifts meant to mark an occasion.
This is a custom that resonates back to the cufflink’s medieval history, to the time when they were made almost exclusively as items meant to commemorate royal affairs.
Thus, these days men have come to recognize the importance of the set passed-down from a grandfather, or given by a best friend at his wedding and might solely rely on such pieces for formal affairs, but are uninhibited about buying their own cufflinks for everyday wear.
View Source: https://numiscufflinks.wordpress.com/2016/03/31/history-of-cufflinks-an-illustrated-timeline/
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Vampire Horace headcanons because why not?
-He can’t go out in the sun of course, but he still needs to go to work and whatnot. So he does indeed walk around with an umbrella to hide away from the sunlight. Thankfully the sun doesn’t instantly burn him alive or anything, it’s more like an allergic reaction. He gets a rash and if he’s exposed long enough he’ll start to get blisters. However, if he were exposed to the sun for too long, like many hours, his skin would begin to actually burn. He wouldn’t light on fire, but it would feel like his skin was on fire, and eventually he’d die.
-Using his Biology Knowledge he’s actually figured out how to make a sort of ointment that will heal up any rashes or blisters he’s managed to get.
-He still works as a biology professor, and occasionally he’ll slip up and talk about some random experience he had during the French Revolution or the age of Napoleon, and have to pass it off like he learned it from a text book and was simply exaggerating.
-He was originally born in France and was turned in the late 1700s during the reign of Marie Antoinette and the course of the French Revolution. He was actually born rather wealthy at the time, which is what caused him and his family to become turned. They were all fed vampire’s blood by someone in an attempt to kill them. The person believed that the blood would act as a sort of unholy acid to them, but it turned them instead. So now he and his whole big family are immortal vampires.
-He’s done his best to adapt to the modern times in terms of style and speech, but he’s always going to be a little stuck. No, he doesn’t go around wearing 1800s French fashion, but he does wear more maroon vests and puffy-sleeved undershirts than needed. And no matter how hard he tries he can’t feel comfortable not pulling his socks up all the way. He still wears the kind that go up to his knees, but thankfully they’re usually hidden under more modern pants now.
-He’s also terrible at slang, he just can never manage to catch on. Especially trying to go from French to English, then British English to American English after moving there with his family.
-By now he’s got almost an entirely American accent, maybe with a tad of French still slipping through. He’s been sure to maintain his full knowledge of French though, so he’s fluent in both languages.
-He’s been a biology professor for as long as he’s been allowed to, and if there’s been one benefit to immortality it’s been being able to walk through life and observe so much of the science world as it grows.
-He absolutely despises the depiction of vampires in pop culture, ESPECIALLY Twilight and the ridiculous notion that vampires *Twinkle.* He also tried to watch the Vampire Diaries, but he just couldn’t get into that one either despite it having somewhat more ‘Accurate’ vampire lore. And he certainly can’t stand how much of media shows vampires as evil feral monsters that should be hunted for sport.
-“Barely ANY vampires take the risk of live feeding anymore! It’s absurd! Humans really think they’re so special that we need their blood specifically? We can drink ANY blood, human blood just tastes best. It... *really* does taste best. It’s so much sweeter, so much *richer.* Compared to livestock it’s like, it’s like honey compared to corn syrup. It’s *divine,* it’s really- Ahem. Anyways. My point stands that vampires can control themselves perfectly fine.”
-Horace does, clearly, have a preference for human blood. He can live just fine without it, but he certainly does miss it. Back in his middling years, between first being turned and the invention of regulations and whatnot that really keep track of people, Horace did live feed. However, he can’t live without blood in general. Some vampires have been able to, but only by avoiding a fully blood-based diet from the start.
-Horace has “frenzied” a few times in his modern life. Working for so long that you forget to eat is serious in all cases, but when your diet is blood based it’s all the worse. He’s never killed a person in modern times, but there have been a couple of unfortunate pigs and goats.
-A frenzy isn’t just instant, it’s built up over many days. He gets much paler, it gets harder to breathe and to focus, his sense of smell because very intense, and he’ll start to salivate a lot. He never goes “feral” or anything like that. The hunger will just become overwhelming, so he’ll give in and leave the house to hunt. It’s called a frenzy because a vampire in frenzy doesn’t stop eating until it feels like they’re going to vomit basically.
-Thankfully Horace usually keeps blood on hand. Just locally sourced things that are easy enough to buy from a butcher’s shop. Cody is actually the one who remembers to restock though.
-Cody is Horace’s roommate, and he doesn’t give two shits that Horace is a vampire. He’s also, in the most recent years, been the person preventing any future frenzies by making sure Horace is eating regularly. Cody is also half regenerator, meaning he can perfectly heal any injuries. Because he’s only half, he can’t do them as quickly as a full blooded regenerator could. That also means in really dire situations Horace could drink his blood and everything would be okay, but he couldn’t do it frequently enough for it to be a healthy option for either of them. Cody can’t replenish blood fast enough for Horace to regularly be full, and Horace avoids it anyways. It’s kind of like when you know some kind of fancy expensive chocolate would taste so much better than the cheap dollar store kind, but you’ve gotten used to the dollar store brand. So if you have some of the expensive stuff the brand your used to won’t taste good to you anymore.
-On a lighter note: Horace can shapeshift! And fly, though he prefers to do neither. He only does so on dire occasions. And maybe he’ll shapeshift into a mouse to spy on his arch nemesis, but who’s to say?
-Horace does like being a vampire. Sure there are setbacks, but aside from monster hunters he really never has to fear death, and blood is always plentiful. Most of all though, he enjoys just being able to progress with the world and always see what’s coming next.
#not proofread bc i just don't wanna#so forgive spelling errors and typos#horace tag#vampire horace#cannibalism tw#i just count drinking human blood as cannibalism just in case
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