Test Socket Thermal Solutions Market Prophesied to Grow at a Faster Pace by 2025

Global Test Socket Thermal Solutions Market: Overview

Test Socket Thermal Solutions are used in the semiconductor industry for the testing of ICs (Integrated Circuits) Test Sockets are located in the master socket .It is the point between the internal and the external wiring by connecting directly on the main line. It bypasses the line and can test directly on the mainline. For its test and burn-in socket line of products it uses thermal profile software and conduct an elaborate analysis on thermal analysis suited to each customer’s requirement. The choosing of the test socket depends on the performance of a device during testing where electrical bias and signals are applied. Operating are required. It is necessary to get the best advice and select the best test socket thermal solutions system suited to the test needs; which can assure a high level of performance that will withstand even the toughest test environments.

The software helps in analyzing all the necessary parameters in the socket or the test environment and arrive at the correct heating or cooling combination that is necessary to achieve the best performance in the application, which helps the socket to be thermally perfect before it’s placed for final use. In order to ensure the products have the highest level of reliability, thermal management is an important factor for test socket thermal solutions market. When power is applied to the test socket thermal solution device, heat is generated. This heat generated requires to be dissipated to the air before it exceeds its maximum allowed temperature of the silicon die. Before its use in final products, the Integrated Circuits need to be characterized thermally. Test socket thermal solution systems are used for connecting ICs to the characterization system. A socket which is designed with heat sinks, liquid pipes, fans etc., and control systems, can be used for proper thermal solutions which can be a boost for the test socket thermal solutions market.

The drivers of the test socket thermal solutions market are:

The Test socket thermal solutions market is showing growth over the years. The adaptor is specific to the test socket thermal solution. It has condensation control – dry air purge It can accommodate the device in the test socket as well as in a soldered device which is a unique factor of the test socket thermal solutions market. The test socket thermal solution is portable, fluid free operation, Ultra-quiet operation doesn’t require much maintenance. It has the latest design tools, on site modelling, advanced analysis, Custom design, expert modeling design and customization. The restraints of the test socket thermal solutions system is that it consumes a large amount of heat.

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Description of the test socket thermal solutions system:

The main parts of the test socket thermal solutions system are the controller, the plunger and the adapter. The test socket thermal solution system has integrated compressor for cooling. The test socket thermal solutions system has a touch screen for imputing the parameters. Plungers are designed in such a way as to accommodate a particular IC size and are attached to the thermal head. Adapters are custom designed as well to interface the thermal head with plunger to the specific IC socket. In addition to heating or cooling the plunger surface, the thermal controller has constant feedback from the plunger to monitor the temperature and supply the necessary electrical input to accurately control the temperature. The main function of thermal head with the plunger is to transfer heat to the IC device. The thermal head along with control system precisely control the temperature of the IC while it is being tested. The thermal head with the plunger and adapter replaces the actual socket lid on top of the test socket.

The test socket thermal solutions can be segmented on the basis of type:

Burn-In Sockets

High-Power Thermal Sockets

Custom Burn-In Sockets

Test Sockets

The test socket thermal solutions market can be segmented geographically:

Rest socket Thermal Solutions market can be segmented as per sector:

Defense

Guidance

Automotive

Space Exploration

Test socket Thermal Solutions are segmented as per usage:

High Current: Multiple sockets can be added to the test socket thermal solutions system.

Optical Access: It is designed to accommodate digital camera sensors and other package styles.

Radiation Hardening: It has sockets for different packaging styles.

Small Footprint: They are made to have the smallest footprint, which increases the number of sockets on board and thus increases the throughput running through each device, which is a huge advantage to the test socket thermal solutions market.

The test socket thermal solutions market has scope for growth because of the following factors:

24/7 global engineering, Local engineering & sales, 24/7 global support teams Six Sigma quality management, Proven, reliable high-volume manufacturing. The test socket thermal solutions market has scope for growth because of the need for quality control and stringent measures.

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The major players in the test socket thermal solutions market are:

Ironwood Electronics,inTest Thermal Solutions,Yamaichi Electronics,USA,Sensata,3M,Aries Electronics,Protos Electronics,

New Developments in Domestic Injection Moulds

https://www.tangrammould.com/LED-Linear-Strip-Lens-Mould.htmlIn recent years, the rapid development of domestic injection moulding technology is mainly manifested as:

1. Mould integration manufacturing and technology promotion. In addition to the functions of automatic feeding, stamping, laminated core thickness measurement, grouping and product output, moulds also have a combination of hinge assembly connection, complex structure, mould heating, forging, thermal (tissue) control, local mould welding, tapping, internal local injection, mould cutting and mould testing technologies. New technological changes such as motor cores mark a new era of integrated mould manufacturing units. Mould products, such as LED linear strip lens mould continue to develop toward large, fine, high-performance, integrated manufacturing.

2. The commercial Internet extends to moulds and their industrial chain. Tangrammould is an advanced model for the production and sale of LED linear strip lens moulds.

3. Smart moulds. At present, in the plastic mould and die-casting mould industry, there are mould cavity pressure, temperature, flow, cooling process intelligent control mould. In addition, the intelligence of mould processing equipment is also rapidly promoting the intelligent manufacture of LED linear strip lens moulds.

4. mature large-scale progressive die technology, high speed and reliability has become an important feature of precision grade moulds. At present, large continuous stamping parts are everywhere, and the size of the parts is getting larger and more complex shape, indicating that large continuous stamping technology has entered a mature stage. However, precision progressive dies require increasingly high levels of stability and reliability. Obviously, ultra-precision parts and small parts of the mould design and manufacturing technology have become a hot spot for mould enterprises Tangrammould produces LED linear strip lens mould.

5. mold standard parts tend to be constantly improved. In recent years, with the improvement of mold types and mold standard parts, mold standard parts have become an important condition for mold enterprises to participate in international competition, a wide range of varieties, and classification is the main trend of the current mold standard parts. The traditional standard parts are becoming more and more numerous, and the quality requirements are becoming higher and higher. New standard units with functional structures and more flexible standard parts are becoming more and more important as new technologies and new directions for innovation to improve competitiveness.

Tangram is one of its bright flowers of it, focusing on the electrical product mould and small household appliance mould segment market. Such as the Switch Socket Mould and LED linear strip lens mould. With ingenuity as our original intention, and profession as the cornerstone, we focus on the value of molds, and specialize in providing customers with high-quality and efficient mold solutions.

What’s insulator device in switchgear?

We normally have no chance to contact with the inside construction of switchgear, and what we need to do is just pressing the button or putting the plug meeting with the socket. It is the efforts of designers to hide the complexity parts and provide us the most friendly electric controlling switch. But it is best to know something about the working principle as it can’t be work normally all the time.

The definition of switchgear

Switchgear is a professional term that could be used to describe a variety of switching devices that all fulfill a common demand: controlling, protecting, and isolating power systems.

Switchgear is used to automatically interrupt the flow of power to avoid the damage for the electrical systems during an electrical surge. Besides that switchgear is also used for safe testing, maintenance, and fault clearing.

Switchgear includes switches, fuses, insulator, relays, circuit breakers, lightning arresters and so on.

Therefore if you want to install an electric system for your new home, it is best to choose switchgear with good-quality insulators as poor quality may exist security risks.

The function of insulators

The function of an insulating device is to separate the live parts of an electrical device from those with different potentials. Therefore, insulation equipment should first have high insulation resistance and compressive strength, and can avoid leakage, breakdown and other accidents. And then, heat resistance is better, to avoid long-term overheating and aging deterioration. In addition, it should have good thermal conductivity, tide resistance and lightning resistance, high mechanical strength and convenient processing. Insulation devices performance indicators are insulation strength, tensile strength, specific gravity, expansion coefficient, etc.

There are so many kinds of insulator devices sold on the market, including air-insulated switchgear, liquid-insulated switchgear and solid-insulated switchgear and so on. And today we are going to talk about the difference among these three kinds of devices.

The types of insulators

Air-insulated switchgear

:

Dry gas with a normal temperature and pressure have good insulation performance under normal circumstances. Gas dielectric as insulation equipment, also need to meet the physical, chemical properties and economic requirements. Air and sulfur hexafluoride gases are commonly used as gas insulation equipment.

Liquid-insulated switchgear:

Insulating oils include mineral oil, vegetable oil and synthetic oil. Vegetable oil includes  castor oil, soybean oil and so on. Synthetic oil includes oxidation diphenyl methyl silicone oil, benzyl silicone oil. Insulating oils are mainly used in power transformers, less oil circuit breakers, high voltage cables, oil - immersed capacitors and other equipment.

Solid-insulated switchgear

:

There are many kinds of solid-insulated switchgear, which have excellent insulation performance and are widely used in power system. Common solid insulating materials include insulating paint, insulating glue; fiber products; rubber, plastics and their products; glass and ceramic products; mica, asbestos and its products, etc.

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Global Polycarbonate Resins Market, Size, Share, Analysis Report & Forecast to 2026

The global polycarbonate resins market is estimated to grow at a CAGR of nearly 5.2% during the forecast period. Polycarbonate resins are opening new doors to novel applications owing to its beneficial properties such as excellent heat resistance, toughness and insulation, as well as very good dimensional stability, transparency, and thermal stability. Polycarbonate resins are expected to have potential new applications in the fields of 3D printing, smart grid systems, and electric vehicle charging stations. As a thermoplastic, polycarbonate is most importantly renowned for its impact resistance and incredible strength. Polycarbonate is lightweight and shows transparency which makes it excellent than other Fused Filament Fabrication (FFF) 3D printing materials.

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In addition, polycarbonate is flame-retardant and features heat resistance, and electrical insulation, which makes it suitable for use in electrical parts and hardware. Polycarbonate performs better than other materials in strength tests. An informal material strength test revealed that Airwolf 3D printed a range of hooks with the use of a range of 3D printing materials, including polycarbonate, acrylonitrile butadiene styrene (ABS), polylactic acid (PLA), and Nylon 910. PLA was able to lift 285 pounds and has a tensile strength of 7,250 pounds per square inch (psi). In comparison, ABS snapped instantly under 285 pounds of weight and has a tensile strength of 4,700 psi. 

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Among these, polycarbonate lifted a whopping 685 pounds and has a tensile strength of 9,800 psi, which is far more than other materials that were tested. Most components produced from commonly used 3D printing materials are not adequate enough to provide strength for safety-critical automotive components. As a result, the advent of polycarbonate 3D printing may have a paradigm shift for producing high strength automotive components. 

Further, inclination towards smarter power management has led the demand for good signal transmission properties. This may result in the demand for thermoplastics which can be compatible with smart circuit breakers, smart metering, smart switch and socket solutions. For such applications, the companies including Covestro offers polycarbonate and its blends in flame-retardant grades including Bayblend FR, Makroblend FR (PC+PBT; PC+PET blend), and Makrolon FR and resins. These materials meet UL94 V0 standards up to 0.75 mm. Such materials can also be used in power storage devices and electric vehicle charging stations to support the efficient use of energy. 

Owing to the excellent mechanical performance, high dimensional stability, intrinsic flame retardance, high operating temperature, and blends such as the PC/ABS XANTAR C (Mitsubishi Engineering Plastic) can be employed for metering housing owing to the high flow characteristics, low-temperature impact performance, and further enhanced stress cracking resistance. Superior properties and innovations in polycarbonate resins are supporting to expand the applications of polycarbonate resins, which in turn, is offering an opportunity for the growth of the global polycarbonate resins market.

Global Polycarbonate Resins Market- Segmentation

By Application

Electrical     and Electronics

Automotive

Consumer     Goods

Construction

Packaging

Medical

Optical     Media

Others

Global Polycarbonate Resins Market– Segment by Region 

North America           

US

Canada

Europe

Germany

UK

France

Spain

Italy

Rest of     Europe

Asia-Pacific    

China

Japan

India

Rest of     Asia-Pacific

Rest of the World

Company Profiles

·       CHIMEI Corp.

·       Covestro AG

·       Elix Polymers SLU

·       Formosa Chemicals &Fibre Corp.

·       Idemitsu Kosan Co., Ltd.

·       LG Chem, Ltd.

·       Lotte Chemical Corp.

·       Mitsubishi Chemical Corp.

·       Roquette Frères S.A.

·       SABIC (Saudi Basic Industries Corp.)

·       Samsung SDI Co., Ltd.

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Technical review of Intel 11th-Gen Core i9-11900K and Core i5-11600K

Intel’s 11th Gen Core S-series desktop processors, code-named Rocket Lake-S are now in the wild. I was sent an Intel Core i9-11900K and a Core i5-11600K so I could put them through their paces. Intel also supplied an ASUS Republic of Gamers Maximus XIII Hero motherboard with the new Z590 chipset to test the new CPUs.

Intel’s 11th Gen CPUs still utilise 14nm silicon the same as their predecessors. As with the 9th and 10th generation of Intel CPUs, the Rocket Lake chips use an LGA 1200 socket. Except for the H410 and B460-based boards, they are also compatible with last year’s 400-series chipset motherboards (subject to bios updates). This means that you can likely slot a new i5 or i9 in as a replacement for your 10th Gen CPU. But should you?

The “K” suffix denotes that the CPU is unlocked and suitable for overclocking. There’s a premium for this over the locked version of the CPU over the regular version. The KH versions of the chips are the same as the K versions but without the Intel Xe-LP-based UHD integrated GPU. There’s some money to be saved if you are not interested in overclocking or the on-board graphics capabilities.

Whilst owners of select 400-series motherboards can run Intel’s Rocket Lake CPUs, to get the very best out of them, you’ll likely be looking to pair them with a motherboard boasting Intel’s new 500-series chipset. You really can’t beat ASUS motherboards and the Z590 ROG Maximus XIII Hero is no exception. Whilst in the past I’ve had issues with them, that was a long time ago. Nowadays ASUS produces motherboards that are both virtually plug and play, but also feature the advanced settings required of seasoned overclockers and PC tinkerers. The easy-to-use UEFI BIOS menu puts control of the inner workings of a PC right at hand. AI overclocking can still give mixed results, but for most will give a performance boost without much in the way of overclocking knowledge, but more on that later.

The big selling points of the ASUS Z590 board are native PCIe 4.0 support, 2x Thunderbolt 4 (USB Type-C) ports, and a header for a front USB USB 3.2 Gen 2×2, as well as Wi-Fi 6E. It’s also got two m.2 slots running at PCIe 4.0 x4 and another two running PCIe 4.0 x4. Setup was relatively painless, with the Asus motherboard pretty much self-configuring to the 11th Generation processors. I tested both the CPUs using Passmark’s Performance Test software (CPU only), Cinebench R23, 3DMark (CPU score only) and the Blender benchmark. I didn’t check any games, as they only really benchmark the GPU performance.

The benchmark results were all rather predictable showing notable gains for the i9-11900K over last year’s i9-10900K, with the more modest Core i5-11600K doing a good of catching up, at the rear. I was surprised to see the Core i5 11600K beat the i9-10900K in all but one of the Blench benchmarks. The i5-111600K performed will in the single-core Cinebench test as well, again beating the i9-10900K. Interestingly, for the i9-11900K, Intel has dropped the core count from the ten of the i9-10900K to only eight. This is likely a limitation of the 14nm fabrication process. Even so, the 11th Gen i9 beat the 10th Gen i9 15226 to 14043 in the Cinebench R23 multi-core test.

The Core i9-11900K base clock rate is 3.5GHz with an all-core turbo of 4.8 GHz and a max boost via turbo Boost 3.0 to 5.2GHz. The Core i5-11600K has a base clock rate of 3.90 GHz with an all-core turbo of 4.6 GHz and a max boost of 4.90 GHz. Realistically, this means that providing the CPUs are running at less than 70 degrees C, for two cores you may see that max boost (utilising Intel Thermal Velocity Boost), but as soon as there are more than two active cores the frequency will reduce (across all active cores) to 4.8 GHz for the i9 and 4.6 GHz for the six-core i5.

Stress testing both CPUs, I managed to get the i9 to 5.1 GHz but suffered some thermal throttling. It’s a warm chip like its predecessor. I was using a 2x120mm AIO cooler, nothing flash, so I wasn’t too surprised by this. It would be good, however, if Intel were a little clearer and realistic with their marketing, though. With some tweaking, I’ll likely be able to get more out of i9, but that’s outside the scope of this review. The i5 boosted to 4.90 GHz without issue.

Both the CPUs also have native support for DDR4-3200 memory. With a 500-Series motherboard, they support up to 20 CPU lanes of PCIe 4.0. A motherboard with an Intel 500-series chipset, once equipped with an 11th Gen Intel CPU, unlocks the PCIe 4.0 x4 M.2 socket (one of four M.2 sockets on the ROG Maximus board). I was able to install a WD_Black SN850 NVMe SSD and get a rather spectacular 6966.76 MB/s Read and a 5368.31 MB/s write speed. Compare this to the rather pedestrian 130 MB/s read and 65 MB/s write for a regular hard disk. I did have a little dabble with the ASUS AI overclocking tool accessible from the Maximus XII motherboard bios. I’ve had a lot of success carrying out quick and nasty overclocks using earlier iterations of this tool. Despite running the Intel Extreme Performance tool to train it, the Asus board’s AI overclocking decided that for the i9 11900K a 51% overclock was in order. This proved unstable and in need of a bit more messing about than I had time for. I’m sure I can get a stable OC, but perhaps not 51% with a moderate AIO cooler. The i5’s AI overclock was a more modest 31%, but still not stable. I’m not saying that overclocking is out of the question with these CPUs, but a better cooler or some fan adjustments may be needed.

The on-board UHD 750 GPU, whilst not in the same league as a discreet gaming graphics card like an RTX 3070, is not bad if you are not interested in hardcore gaming. The UHD 750 scored a very modest 635 graphics score in 3D Mark Timespy compared to the score of 3724 with a five-year-old GTX 1060 GPU. In theory, though, you could play something like Battlefield V, but I wouldn’t expect to be able to get much more than 30 fps out of it, even with the graphics turned down. For something like Photoshop or even video editing software, you should be able to get by with the UHD 750, if not exactly the optimal experience. More demanding graphics applications really need a dedicated graphics solution.  If you have no need for the integrated graphics, getting the KF version of the CPU, that has no on-board GPU, will save you 50 bucks or so.

With an RTX 2080 Ti plus a Gen 4 WD_Black SN850 NVMe SDD in the motherboard, Passmark gave both the i5 and i9 configurations a 99-percentile result, putting them in the top 1% of machines tested. This is something that’s not to be sneezed at. Whilst this is all very exciting stuff, as a consumer, I can’t help but think that this technology is being deliberately trickled out to fuel an annual iteration of motherboards with noteworthy if moderate, enhancements.

To be honest there’s nothing here that says that the average PC user needs to replace their computer more frequently than every five years. Even PC gamers should be OK for three years, with only the most dedicated requiring an upgrade every two years. Apart from bragging rights, there is no need to upgrade your PC components annually.

Intel’s 11th-Gen CPUs and the Z500-series chipset are engineered to offer enough to differentiate between last year’s PC models and this year’s. If you are in the market for a new PC the Z590’s connectivity alone, especially the native PCIe 4.0, is worth the investment. But, if you are still rocking a Z490 and a 10th-Gen CPU, you are not really going to get the bang for your buck.

There’s no doubt that both the Intel Core i9-11900K and Core i5-11600K are fantastic CPUs if only a modest upgrade from last year’s components. I’d say that the i9 is reserved for enthusiasts, with the i5 being more suited to general PC tasks and even high-end gaming. Nevertheless, if only for the benefits of the 500-series motherboard chipset opened up by the 11th Gen, these are the CPUs for those that want the best desktop solutions that Intel has to offer.

Best Heat Lamps for Dogs (Reviews & Buying Guide)

best heat lamps for dogs Best Heat Lamps For Dogs: Wintertime can be quite hard for small animals especially dogs. We all know that dogs are those kinds of pets who usually don’t stay in their shelter for a long time. So instead of spending time outside you can choose heat lamp that offers warm for their coops and kennels. These products are necessary for their health and well being giving them additional heating for an enclosure. Make amazing cozy habitat for Dogs This is why they need heat lamps to regulate bodies from heat. You will be happy to know that heat lamps for puppies are must-have for house owners for their safety and protection. Heating lamps are a perfect alternative for a long term definitive solution and alternative for dog house heaters and insulated kennels. What exactly are heat lamps for Dogs? For many of you dog owners who don’t know that heat lamps are kind of infrared bulbs that come in a casing lamp. They are used particularly to keep a puppy or a dog warm. They try to maintain the area with warmth to keep dogs comfortable and protected. These heat lamps are only useful during winter months and are highly beneficial for those little puppies who are recovering from illness or incredibly sensitive to cold.

10 Best Heat Lamps for Dogs (Top Picks)

There are so many heat lamps available in the market and it can become confusing to choose and understand the difference between heat lamps. One thing you will be happy to know that these heat lamps come in all sizes and shapes with various power capabilities and colored bulbs you will certainly adore. So how do you pick which heat lamp is a perfect fit for your dog house or kennel? Read below some major products along with factors to give you an idea of how they can prove awesome to prevent cold and make your purchase worthwhile.

1) OMAYKEY 2 Pack 100 Watts Ceramic Heat Lamp:

Solid ceramic element, more efficient and infrared heat OMAYKEY 2 pack heat lamp is an amazing choice that is better than ordinary bulbs and big heaters. What’s more, it comes in small size and 85 watts infrared bulb that creates heat naturally. This is a low wattage that means you will get a low bill and emitter light holds a solid sturdiness to give you options for both high and slow heat settings. This heat lamp can work up to 10,000 hours along with anti-crack pottery clay to produce a muscle penetration heating for dogs. Its surface temperature is not very high thanks to its bright light glaring effect so it won’t disturb the dog’s sleep. As this OMAYKEY heat lamp has a big circular shape, it directs effective, fast, and natural heat that goes through an animal’s skin and scale tissues to promote healing and health by increasing blood circulation. This heat lamp is 99% efficient and ensures constant heating in a very minimal voltage of 110. You don’t need to charge it or cool down by turning it off instead you can keep it ON and see the emitter work even more easily. Key features: An ideal pick for small and big dogs High quality Anti crack high purity surface Waterproof design Can be used for other animals Heating source ceramic Does not emit any light Larger circular emitter for direct warm 100% efficiency Perfect value for money Users score: 4.4/5  

2) UNIWOOD 100 Watts 2 Pack Ceramic Heat Lamp:

Makes pet healthier, no irritating light, and lightweight Are you searching for a simple and deluxe heat lamp then your best choice needs to be UNIWOOD heat lamp that makes a superb addition for any god kennel or house? The greatest thing about this one is that you can use it indoors and outdoors as well. This one is a very top class heat product that creates a consistent 24/7 heat and emitter lasts long nearly 20,000 hours. It proves one great thing that you won’t need to replace the bulb any sooner. The perfect addition to this lamp is that it comes with a digital thermostat display that allows homeowners too quickly and easily gauges the temperature of the lamp and makes sure the dog pet gets warmer and cozy environment. The premium reflector of this heat lamp is most unique and comes with an innovative design you will appreciate in every possible. The most interesting thing about this lamp it has a fixture ceramic heating that works more smoothly with 150 watts. The reflective surface is another great addition to help and offer maximum light and heat for your precious pet. Its power cord is about 8 foot which means you can easily keep it out of reach of your dog. Key features: Made with ceramic element Generate heat from 650 to 1400 watts Automatic tip over on and off switch Thermal shut off option to prevent any overheating Natural glowing Portable Easy to install No light emitted Reasonable price Users score: 4.7/5  

3) ZOO MED Deluxe Ceramic Porcelain Clamp Ceat Lamp:

Water-resistant, flat-faced design and infrared radiant heating ZOO MED is a very famous clamp heat lamp that is an excellent choice because of its long life span efficiency and lower wavelength rays. It comes in three different styles and voltage like 70 watts, 100 watts, and 160 watts. This one is appropriate for any climate and dog house. This one does not emit light on your pet’s sleep and perfectly balances the amount of gentle heat to keep the dog comfortable all night long. This ZOO MED heat lamp creates a sun-like and natural warmth environment with 100% high efficiency to control cold in the cage or kennel as well. This heat lamp is made of anti-crack purity pottery clay and designed to even work at a high level of humidity areas. It can work up to 13,000 hours with any issue. Its long-wave heat is strong enough to penetrate the skin of animals promoting healing and health by increasing ambient air. The on and off switch is placed beside each other with a fixture for using and a replaceable clamp to even use for lighting and imitate the pet’s natural sleep of cycle. Key features: Durable, and safe white ceramic heat Compact design Amazing quality Effective infrared energy No, emit lighting Simple to install Great value for money Long-lasting heat from 10,000 to 20,000 hours Affordable price Comes with 2 years of warranty Users score: 4.0/5

4) Evergreen Pet Supplies 75 Watts 2 Pack Infrared Heat Lamp:

Multifunctional, compatible for all enclosures, and ideal night time heating Evergreen pet supplies infrared heat lamp is one of the Best heat lamps for Dogs that tested and trusted by hundreds of customers. As far as a dog kennel lamp this one is quite powerful and is considered a one of a kind product. This heat lamp offers a 24-hour long-lasting source of heat for small and big dogs. Also, you can use this for chickens and reptiles as well. The most striking part about this heat lamp is the thermometer that works accurately. This evergreen lamp is safe to use for pets with 99% efficiency and won’t disturb their sleeping. Its ceramic heat is solid and has the potential to radiate a perfectly balanced heat. The flat-faced design makes it special to work in any socket with long-lasting effectiveness. You can this product for both day and night time heating thanks to its robustness and power that is loved by thousands of homeowners around the world. It can be easily attached to a surface or ceiling without leaving any scuff indentions and marks. Key features: It has a large and durable sturdiness 120 watts white ceramic heat Emits no light Perfect for smaller puppies, and dogs Long-lasting 260,000 hours heating element Suitable for porcelain socket Easy to install Available one or two-pack Comes with dimmable switch and clamp Works to establish a warm temperature Perfect value for money Users score: 3.9/5

5) Simple Deluxe Clamp Aluminum Reflector Lamp:

Practical lamp, powerful heat lighting, and adjustable ball joint Your dogs will certainly love the atmosphere because this high quality simple deluxe clamp lamp is not only perfect but also versatile by offering soothing heat rays, unlike anything you’ve experienced before. You can easily use this heat lamp for hanging and clipped anywhere thanks to its 360 degree rotating head that allows you to direct heat where it’s needed most. This lamp also comes with various options and safety features with a built-in wire and control switch. This product is built with high preventing temperature resistant material that makes tough that will last for your dog for many winters. A simple deluxe heat lamp also offers dual lighting with combo heat that works 24 hours day and night for heating convenience. Your dog will enjoy a natural snug warmth and environment throughout the winter seasons. Once you get to use in your indoors you will see that It has an aluminum proof dome light fixture that increases the output up to 50% and is very energy efficient as well. The heat lamp is easy to install and comes with a metal hanging stand along with a ceramic socket to accommodate the incandescent up to 130 watts. Key features: User-friendly design All in one dual light and heat combo Highly energy efficient Perfect for dogs, puppies, and other animals Extra-long deep dome style Polished aluminum allows interior lights to work with double output 8-foot power cord On/off push through switch A long-lasting bulb with 3,000 hours Comes with one year of warranty Users score: 4.3/5

6) BYB 110V 150 Watts Ceramic Infrared Heat Coop Lamp:

Strong component, progressively proficient and thick and sturdy lamp post The BYB ceramic heat lamp is a stunning decision that is superior to common bulbs and huge warmers. Also, it comes in little size and 75 watts infrared bulb that makes heat normally. This is a low wattage that implies you will get a low bill and producer light holds a strong toughness to give you choice for both high and moderate warmth settings. This warmth light can work as long as 14,000 hours alongside break earthenware dirt to deliver a muscle entrance warming for hounds. Its surface temperature isn't exceptionally high gratitude to its light glaring impact so it won't upset your precious pooch's rest. As this BYB heat lamp has an enormous round shape, it coordinates viable, quick, and characteristic warmth that experiences creature's skin and scale tissues to advance recuperating and wellbeing by expanding blood flow. This warmth light is 100% effective and guarantees consistent warming in an exceptionally negligible voltage of 120. You don't have to run after it or chill by turning it rather you can keep it and see how it works significantly without emitting the light in every way possible. Key features:  High energy efficiency high heating surface Waterproof structure Can be used for daily use Heating source artistic Does not produce any light Larger round producer for direct warm 100% productivity Perfect for your cash Users score: 4.5/5

7) Woods 0324 18/2 150 Watts Gauge Brooder Heat Lamp:

Advantageous, no disturbing light, and wire construction It is safe to say that you are looking through basic and luxurious warmth light then your best decision should be Woods 0324 brooder heat that makes a brilliant expansion for any good pet house? The best thing about this one is that you can utilize it inside and outside too. This one is a top-class heat item that makes a reliable every minute of daily warmth and producer keeps going long almost 30,000 hours. It demonstrates one extraordinary thing that you won't have to supplant the bulb any sooner which is a good thing for starters. The ideal expansion to this light is it accompanies a computerized indoor regulator show that permits mortgage holders too rapidly and effectively checks the temperature of the light and ensures the pet get hotter and comfortable condition while sleeping. The top-notch reflector of this warmth light is generally special and accompanies an inventive plan you will acknowledge in each conceivable. The most fascinating thing about this light it has an installation clay warming that works all the more easily with 150 watts. The magnificent surface is another incredible expansion to help and offer the most extreme light and warmth for your valuable pet. Its capacity rope is around 10 foot which implies you can without much of a stretch keep it far from your canine. Key features: Made with non-toxic materials Safe from any electric hazards Generate heat from 650 to 1400 watts Automatic tip over on and off switch Thermal shut off the choice to anticipate any overheating Natural shining Portable Easy to use and install No light discharged Reasonable cost Users score: 4.1/5

8) Woods 10 Inch Reflector Bulb Guard Clamp Lamp:

Stylish look, infrared brilliant warming, and adjustable aluminum reflector Woods clamp lamp is well known for evaluating heat light that is a magnificent decision as a result of its long life expectancy productivity and lower wavelength beams. It comes in three distinct styles and voltage like 300 watts. This one is suitable for any atmosphere and dog house. You also get convenient on and off switch button to change the settings. This one doesn't discharge light on your pet's rest and flawlessly balance the measure of delicate warmth to keep the pooch agreeable throughout the night. This Woods 0151 heat lamp creates a sun-like and regular warmth condition with 100% high proficiency to control cold in the confine or pet kennels too. This warmth brace is made of hostile to split immaculateness stoneware mud and intended to try and work in an elevated level of moistness zones. It can work as long as 16,000 hours with any issue. Its long-wave heat is sufficiently able to enter the skin of dogs advancing recuperating and wellbeing by expanding surrounding air. The on and off switch is set adjacent to one another with an apparatus for utilizing and a replaceable clip to try and use for lighting and mirror the pet's regular rest of cycle. Key features: Durable, and safe white earthenware heat Compact structure Amazing quality Effective infrared vitality Covered with scratch-resistant sleeves Simple to install on the cage Great esteem for cash Long enduring warmth from 20,000 to 25,000 hours Affordable cost Comes with 3 years of guarantee Users score: 3.9/5

9) GT-Tech Flexible Stand Heat Lamp:

Multifunctional, good for all walled areas, and super sturdy A GT-tech infrared stand heat lamp is a standout amongst the Best heat lamps for dogs that are trusted by several people because of its amazing performance. To the extent of a canine pet home light, this one is very incredible and is viewed as a unique item. This warmth light offers 24/7 hour durability of warmth for little dogs. Likewise, you can utilize this for chickens and reptiles too. The most striking part about this warmth light is the thermometer that works precisely. This GT-tech high-temperature lamp is sheltered to use for pets with 99% proficiency and won't upset their resting. It is universally compatible and can be used in many socket bases thanks to its UVB infrared emitting style. Its artistic warmth is strong and can provide a good source for impeccably adjusted warmth. The level confronted configuration makes it exceptional to work in any attachment with durable adequacy. You can this item for both day and evening time warming gratitude to its vigor and power that is adored by a large number of property holders around the world. It very well may be effectively appended to a surface or roof without leaving any scrape indentions and imprints. Key features: Superior build quality 120 watts white earthenware heat Emits no light Perfect for littler young doggies, and pooches Long enduring 20,000 hours warming component Suitable for porcelain attachment Easy to utilize for animal cages Comes with dimmable switch Works to set up a warm temperature Perfect value for your money Users score: 4.2/5

10) Zoo-Med Emitter Ceramic Heat Lamp:

Handy light, state of the art lighting, and movable structure Your pet dogs will unquestionably adore the air since this Zoo-Med ceramic heating lamp isn't just great yet also adds flexible by offering calming heat beams, not at all like anything you've encountered with typical heaters. You can without much of a stretch utilize this warmth light for hanging and cut anyplace on account of its 360-degree pivoting head that enables you to coordinate warmth where it's required for the most part. This lamp likewise accompanies different choices and wellbeing highlights with an implicit wire and control switch. There is a reason why most of the majority is buying this because it’s incredibly safe and has a chimney vented system to increase air heat. This item is worked with high counteracting temperature safe material that makes intense that will keep going for your pooch for some winters. Zoo-Med offers Basic luxurious warmth additionally offers double lighting with combo heat that works 24 hours day and night for warming comfort. Your dog pet will appreciate a characteristic cozy warmth and condition all through the winter seasons to come. To make your dogs happy and enjoy a good time them in winter this could play an important role in making them stay in a natural posture. When you get the chance to use in your inside you will see that it has an aluminum evidence arch light that expansion the yield up to half and is very vitality productive that keeps animals stay warmer and purified by natural hot air. The warmth light is anything but difficult to introduce and accompanies metal hanging stand alongside a fired attachment to suit the glowing up to 60 watts without producing any halogens. Key features: Innovative design ELT certified All in one double light and warmth combo Highly vitality proficient Grid attachment Perfect for canines, young doggies, and different creatures Extra-long profound arch style Polished aluminum enables inside lights to work with twofold yield 8-foot control string On/off push through switch A long-enduring bulb with 3,000 hours Comes with one year of guarantee Users score: 4.2/5

Buying Guide

If you are thinking dog care is a walk in a park, just wait until you need to keep them warm. There is no denying that caring animals is very important and in winter you have to put double the efforts to make the area he lives is warmer. You need to make sure the environment is cozy where he roams freely, sleep, and hibernate. Here are some questions that might come in your mind related to dog heat lamps to clear your mind and give you enough reasons to choose them in the first place. How to pick the right heat lamp for dogs? When you are searching for a good dog heat lamp there is many things you need to keep in mind and some factors because this is important so your pet gets perfect warmth and overdo anything. Wattage: The first purpose of buying a heat lamp is to make sure the heat lamp produces enough emits no matter how heavy wattages and bulbs are running. If your dog kennel is small with limited area and space then you could go for lower wattage light that is enough to keep the dog comfortable. But if you accidentally buy a higher wattage heat lamp then it can get too stuffy and hot because it is only suited for large dogs or houses. Just make sure the light socket could handle the wattage and accommodate the heat emitter as well. The right amount of heat-emitting: If you are not familiar with the right amount of heat emitter then you are doing many mistakes while buying a heat lamp. It is the main factor and a standard lamp works on 150 watts could have the potential to raise the heat. When you are out in the market you just need to make sure the heat lamp you getting products minimum light heat emitter 6 to 30 Fahrenheit. This is an ideal installation and condition for a 7 to 8 cubic foot area. A high heat emission only available in branded products and comes in different sizes and shapes. Safety features: A dog kennel or house heat lamp will never hurt the pet. All you need is to make sure you check all the safety features like auto shutoff and grid attachment while buying the lamp. Safety features may come in handy mostly for outdoors and ensure it works even on rainy or windy days. The gird feature can help prevent the dog from touching the heat lamp. With an optimal temperature reached to its limit, the heat lamp will shut off automatically. Another perfect safety feature is corded heating light can give enough power source to all types of cords and prevent any electric hazards. You can test the heat lamp for some nights before allowing the dog to sleep naturally. Some FAQ (frequently asked questions) related to best heat lamps for Dogs: Q1) Are dog heat lamps safe? Of course, the heat lamps for dogs are 100% safe, but you still need to follow some safety and basic guidelines related to electric cord mounted. It is better to always use an anti-chew cord to eliminate the slightest doubts and health hazards. Q2) what is the safest limit for a dog kennel heat lamp? When you purchased a heat lamp the most obvious question comes in mind what is the safe limit of those heat lamps? The answer is for many dogs the safe limit is around 80 degrees Fahrenheit. It all depends on the power and potential of the heating lamps. Like a typical 350 watts can emit 110 degrees F of heat that is enough to keep the dog warmer and protected in coldest situations. Just make sure you check the temperature daily so it does not get too hotter and makes uncomfortable the dog. This is why a thermostat could be an ideal choice. Conclusion: These are some interesting factors related to best heat lamps for Dogs, you can try each product that will give you so many benefits to keep the pet protected and healthy. Why are you waiting to grab your deal now by installing these heat lamps because some dogs can’t sleep indoors and bred to withstand cold weather? So it is necessary to take extra steps and give them warmth whatever it takes.   Related Links: Best Heat Lamps for Bathroom Best Heat Lamps for chickens Read the full article

Comparative Studies on Phytochemical Screening and Metal Analysis of Hydro alcoholic Extracts of Beta Vulgaris, Carica Papaya, and Vitis vinifera-Juniper Publishers

Juniper Publishers- Juniper Online Journal of Public Health

Abstract

The acceptance of remedies in any system of medicine depends upon their efficacy and non-toxicity. There were many reports of rejecting Indian herbal products in various countries because of higher levels of heavy metal content than permitted. Though few are regarded as essential, some heavy metals, especially cadmium, mercury and lead, are potentially hazardous due to their intrinsic or selective toxicity, particularly in environmental contexts.

In view of the importance of herbal drug standardization, it was contemplated to carry out the heavy metal determination in papaya fruits (Carica papaya), grapes (Vitisvinifera) and Beta vulgaris (beet root) which were procured from local market. The metals like copper, iron, magnesium nickel, sodium, potassium, lead, chromium, zinc etc were estimated in the hydro alcoholic extracts by using Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy (AAS). Measurements were made using a hollow Electron Discharge Lamp (EDL). These extracts were also subjected to general phytochemical screening. It’s an alarming bell for humankind if the heavy metal content is more than permitted in common edible commodities. Further study may require understanding the factors influencing the heavy metal content in commonly used fruits and vegetables.

Keywords: Carica papaya; Vitisvinifera; Beta vulgaris; Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy; Hollow Electron Discharge Lamp

Abbreviations: EDL: Electron Discharge Lamp; AAS: Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy; FDA: Food and Drug Administration; WHO: World Health Organization; UL: Upper Intake Level; DRI: Dietary Reference Intakes

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Introduction

A metal is a word which is derived from Greek called as métallon [1,2]. Metal is a material (an element, compound, or alloy) that is typically hard, opaque, shiny, and has good electrical and thermal conductivity. About 91 of the 118 elements in the periodic table are metals. Metals are mainly divided into five types based upon its nature [3-5]. Some metals adopt both structures depending on the temperature [6] (Table 1). According to IOM recommended guidelines the adequate intake of minerals is given below along with their advantageous and disadvantages [7-22] (Tables 2 & 3). World health organization currently encourages, recommends and promotes traditional/herbal preparation in National Health Programmers because such drugs are easily available at low cost, are comparatively safe and the people have faith in such remedies.

Some traditional medicine/herbal preparation with ancient formulas have been found to contain some metals, such as lead, cadmium, mercury, arsenic, lithium etc. Even though the herbal preparations are safe, but some of the herbal preparations cause serious poisoning and toxic effect, due to the preparations containing dangerous toxic drugs or metals. Both medical professional and the general public should be alerted to the potential toxicity of herbal preparation. There should be frequent monitoring of herbal preparations, containing toxic drugs or metals. The objective of the study was to determine the concentration of metals in plants that are used in medicine by the local community. Analysis of the metal in selected plant samples was performed by Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer (AAS). Measurements were made using a hollow electron discharge lamp (EDL) for heavy metals at different wavelengths respectively.

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Collection And Authentication Of Plant Material

The plant materials CaricaPapaya, Vitisvinifera, and Beta vulgaris were collected in the month of December 2016 from local market in Gandimaisamma, Hyderabad.

Preparation of powder

The plant material of Carica Papaya, Vitis vinifera, and Beta vulgaris were shade dried and then powdered with a mechanical grinder to form a coarse powder. The powder was passed through sieve no 40 and was stored in an air tight container until further use. The powder was used for the extraction process.

Preparation of Hydroalcholic extract

The hydroalcholic extract of the plant was prepared using Maceration process. The coarse powder of plant (500g) was taken in a beaker with the water (70%) and ethanol (30%) quantity of 1000ml and was macerated for 72hrs. During the Maceration occasional stirring were carried out. After 72 hrs, the suspension was filtered through a fine muslin cloth. The solvent was removed by heating until residues was obtained and then calculate the percentage yield (Table 4).

Preparation of Extract Sample

1g of the extract was weighed and transferred into 50 ml of beaker. Then add 5ml of conc. HNO3 and placed on hot plate until the organic fumes were completely stopped. Then add 25 ml of water for acid digestion on hot plate. Digestion to be taken until 50% of the sample was too evaporated and remaining sample was filtered and makeup to 25 ml, and gone for furthered dilutions.

Preparation of standard

The standard reagent 1000ppm was purchased from The National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) from Pune. From the standard reagent bottles (1000ppm), they were furthered diluted to 0.5, 1, 1.5 ppm. Select the position of Hallow Discharged Lamp which are placed in the socket (capacity of the socket is max 6 lamps only). Blank, Standards (0.5, 1, 1.5ppm), Blank and Sample were aspirate into AAS.

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Calculation

The amount metals (ppm) =conc of the test X dilution factor / weight of the test taken.

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Results And Discussions

(Tables 5-10), (Figures 1-11).

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Conclusion

The hydroalcholoic extracts of Carica papaya, Vitisvinifera and Beta vulgaris were prepared and their percentage yields in ascending order are Beta vulgaris (3.4%), Carica papaya (3.6%) and Vitisvinifera (4.6%).

These extracts were subjected to preliminary phytochemical screening and Caricapapaya extract consists of alkaloids,carbohydrates, glycosides, tannins, phytosterols, proteins, and mucilage. Vitisvinifera extract was found to contain alkaloids, carbohydrates, glycosides, tannins, phytosterol, flavanoids , saponins and proteins. AlkaloIds, carbohydrates, glycosides, tannins, phytosterol, flavanoids, and mucilage were present in Beta vulgaris extract. AAS can be employed to determine over 70 different elements in solution or directly in solid samples and has wide application in the fields of pharmacology, biophysics and toxicology research. In our present study, we have estimated the metals like Zinc, Copper, Nickel, Chromium, Lead Calcium, Sodium, Magnesium, Potassium and Iron in the extracts of Carica papaya, Vitisvinifera and Beta vulgaris.

Zinc

Zinc is an essential trace element for humans, animals, microorganisms and for plants. It is the second most abundant transition metal in organisms after iron. Most zinc is in the brain, muscle, bones, kidney, and liver, with the highest concentrations in the prostate and parts of the eye. It is the only metal which appears in all enzyme classes and found in nearly 100 specific enzymes. It is considered as of “exceptional biologic and public health importance”, especially regarding prenatal and postnatal development. Semen is particularly rich in zinc, which is a key factor in prostate gland function and reproductive organ growth.

Symptoms of mild zinc deficiency include depressed growth, diarrhea, impotence and delayed sexual maturation, alopecia, impaired appetite, and reproductive teratogenesis etc. The U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) have stated that zinc damages nerve receptors in the nose, which can cause anosmia. Excess zinc can be harmful, and cause zinc toxicity to occur at ingestion of greater than 225 mg of Zinc. Excessive absorption of zinc can suppress copper and iron absorption. The U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) have stated that zinc damages nerve receptors in the nose, which can cause anosmia.

Tolerable Upper Intake Level UL: 4mg -40mg. Our experiments revealed that zinc was present at 20.29 ppm in Beta vulgaris, 18.25ppm in Carica papaya and 7.239 ppm in Vitisvinifera levels in these extracts. These levels of zinc are far lower than the toxicity level.

Calcium

Calcium is essential for living organisms, in particular in cell physiology, where movement of the calcium ion into and out of the cytoplasm functions as a signal for many cellular processes. As a major material used in mineralization of bone, teeth and shells, calcium is the most abundant metal by mass in many animals. Symptoms of hypocalcaemia include numbness and tingling in the fingers, muscle cramps, convulsions, lethargy, poor appetite, and abnormal heart rhythms if left untreated, calcium deficiency leads to death. Inadequate calcium intake causes osteopenia which if untreated can lead to osteoporosis. The risk of bone fractures also increases, especially in older individuals.

Excessive consumption of calcium carbonate antacids/ dietary supplements (such as Tums) over a period of weeks or months can cause milk-alkali syndrome, with symptoms ranging from hypercalcemia to potentially fatal renal failure. Persons consuming more than 10 grams/day of CaCO3 (=4 g Ca) are at risk of developing milk-alkali syndrome, Tolerable Upper Intake Level UL of calcium is: 1000mg -3000mg. The experimental results indicated that 76.12ppm in Beta vulgaris, 96.12 ppm in Carica papaya and 55.27ppm in Vitisvinifera were present. Therefore the levels of calcium present in these three tested samples are safe and give only beneficial effects.

Iron

Iron is a necessary trace element found in nearly all living organisms. Iron-containing enzymes and proteins, often containing heme prosthetic groups, participate in many biological oxidations and in transport. The World Health Organization (WHO) estimates that approximately half of the 1.62 billion cases of anemia worldwide are due to iron deficiency. Large amounts of ingested iron can cause excessive levels of iron in the blood. High blood levels of free ferrous iron react with peroxides to produce free radicals, which are highly reactive and can damage DNA, proteins, lipids, and other cellular components. Thus, iron toxicity occurs when there is free iron in the cell, which generally occurs when iron levels exceed the capacity of transfer in to bind the iron. Tolerable Upper Intake Level UL: 40mg- 45mg. The experimental results indicated that 29.31ppm in Beta vulgaris, 17.30 ppm in Carica papaya and 12.64 ppm in Vitisvinifera were present. These provide beneficial effects and do not cause any toxicity.

Copper

Numerous antimicrobial efficacy studies have been conducted in the past 10 years regarding copper’s efficacy to destroy a wide range of bacteria, as well as influenza a virus, adenovirus, and fungi. Copper is also found in many superoxide dismutases, proteins that catalyze the decomposition of superoxide’s, by converting it (by disproportionate) to oxygen and hydrogen peroxide: Deficiency of copper in animals has resulted in anemia, osteoporosis, delayed wound healing and the development of aortic aneurysms, and loss of hair color. Acute copper toxicity, such as that following the ingestion of more than 15 mg of elemental copper, has been associated with nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, and intestinal cramps. Intravascular hemolysis has occurred with larger ingestions. Tolerable Upper Intake Level UL: 1mg- 10mg. The experimental results indicated that 3.629 ppm in Beta vulgaris, 2.82 ppm in Carica papaya and 23.70 ppm in Vitis vinifera were present. The amounts are within the limits.

Chromium

Humans require chromium in trace amounts, although its mechanisms of action in the body and the amounts needed for optimal health are not well defined Chromium is known to enhance the action of insulin, a hormone critical to the metabolism and storage of carbohydrate, fat, and protein in the body. Few serious adverse effects have been linked to high intakes of chromium, so the Institute of Medicine has not established a Tolerable Upper Intake Level (UL) for this mineral. A UL is the maximum daily intake of a nutrient that is unlikely to cause adverse health effects. It is one of the values (together with the RDA and AI) that comprise the Dietary Reference Intakes (DRIs) for each nutrient. Tolerable Upper Intake Level: 200 mcg -5,000 mcg. The experimental results indicated that 0.980 ppm in Beta vulgaris 1.131 ppm in Carica papaya and 1.704 ppm in Vitis vinifera was present. The quantities are in safe limits.

Nickel

Nickel plays important roles in the biology of microorganisms and plants. Plant enzyme urease (an enzyme that assists in the hydrolysis of urea) contains nickel. Nickel deficiency causes hyperglycemia (high blood sugar), low blood pressure, depression, liver disease, anemia, low stomach acid, sinus congestion, fatigue, low adrenals. Tolerable Upper Intake Level UL: 200 mcg -1,000 mcg. Most of the nickel absorbed every day by humans is removed by the kidneys and passed out of the body through urine or is eliminated through the gastrointestinal tract without getting absorbed. Nickel is not a cumulative toxicant; however, larger doses or chronic exposure may be dangerous for human health and may represent an occupational hazard due to their acute toxicity and carcinogenicity. Tolerable Upper Intake Level UL: 200 mcg -1,000 mcg. The experimental results indicated that 1.812 ppm in Beta vulgaris 1.075 ppm in Carica papaya and 1.20 ppm in Vitis vinifera was present. The amounts of nickel are well within the UL values therefore safe to consume.

Potassium

Potassium levels influence multiple physiological processes Resting cellular-membrane potential and the propagation of action potentials in neuronal, muscular, and cardiac tissue. Potassium Deficiency causes irregular and/or rapid heartbeat, palpitations, high blood pressure (hypertension), shortness of breath, asthma, heart disease, chest pains, stroke, paralysis, muscle spasms / weakness, bladder weakness, edema (water retention), kidney disease, liver disease, endometriosis, frequent menstrual cycles, high blood sugar, weight gain, fatigue, impotence. Tolerable Upper Intake Level UL: 300mg -15,000mg. The experimental results indicated that 9.141 ppm in Beta vulgaris 10.139ppm in Carica papaya and 6.34 ppm in Vitis vinifera was present. Our estimation of potassium revealed that the amounts of potassium are well within the UL values therefore safe to consume.

Sodium

In humans, sodium is an essential nutrient that regulates blood volume, blood pressure, osmotic equilibrium and pH; the minimum physiological requirement for sodium is 500 milligrams per day. 50 Sodium chloride is the principal source of sodium in the diet, and is used as seasoning. Sodium deficiency leads to fatigue, depression, mental apathy, low blood pressure, headaches, dehydration, confusion, dizziness, arthritis, kidney stones, seizures, in some cases: greater risk for LDL-related heart disease, high blood pressure, or edema. Tolerable Upper Intake Level UL: 1,500mg -2,300mg. Excess sodium intake leads to edema, hypertension, stroke, dizziness, gout, headaches, kidney damage, kidney stones, stomach problems, nausea, vomiting, coma

The experimental results indicated that 45.69ppm in Beta vulgaris 1. 42.37 ppm in Carica papaya and 3.57 ppm in Vitis vinifera were present. The results proved that amounts of sodium are well within the UL valus therefore safe to consume.

Magnesium

Magnesium deficiency (hypomagnesaemia) is common: and found in 2.5-15% of the general population. The primary cause of deficiency is decreased dietary intake: Other causes are increased renal or gastrointestinal loss, an increased intracellular shift, and proton-pump inhibitor antacid therapy. Health Risks from Excessive Magnesium Too much magnesium from food does not pose a health risk in healthy individuals because the kidneys eliminate excess amounts in the urine. Tolerable Upper Intake Level UL: 65mg -360mg. The experimental results indicated that 8.835 ppm in Beta vulgaris 1. 9.241 ppm in Carica papaya and10.73ppm in Vitis vinifera was present. Overdose from dietary sources alone is unlikely because excess magnesium in the blood is promptly filtered by the kidneys.

Lead

Lead is a highly poisonous metal (whether inhaled or swallowed), affecting almost every organ and system in the body. The component limit of lead (1.0 μg/g) is a test benchmark for pharmaceuticals, representing the maximum daily intake an individual should have. However, even at this low level, a prolonged intake can be hazardous to human beings. Recommended not more than: The component limit of lead (1.0 μg/g). Our experimental results indicated that 13.40 ppm in Beta vulgaris 4.080 ppm in Carica papaya and6.33 ppm in Vitis vinifera was present. In consideration with reported lead toxicity with many herbal preparations and rejections of exports from India by many countries particularly the US, emphasis is given on lead amounts. . The maximum limit of lead in Beta vulgaris is more than permitted. However before drawing a conclusion from the results, it is to be assessed carefully based on the areas of cultivation, the effect of industrial pollution and utilization of large samples.

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Circuit Breaker Information

This guide walks you through the process of applying circuit breakers to potentially failing method calls by using the Netflix Hystrix fault tolerance library. Ground fault protection or monitoring from 30mA to 30A. Circuit breakers below rated voltage of 1000V are known as the low voltage circuit breakers and above 1000V are called the PG GARDY circuit breaker . In terms of the physics involved, a short circuit allows for a sudden unimpeded flow of electricity due to lowered resistance, and this sudden increase in current flow within the breaker causes the tripping mechanism to activate. Circuit breakers are measures used to curb panic-selling on U.S. stock exchanges. If the operation fails, an exception handler calls TrackException, which sets the circuit breaker state to open. In that case you can add ".transport.NotFound" to the circuit breaker whitelist so that it is not considered a failure. The circuit breaks after a certain number of child policy failures, within a given sampling window (for example, "over the last 5 seconds"). Circuit OverloadsA circuit overload is one of the main reasons why circuit breakers trip constantly. PEARL membership is validation of our longstanding commitment to quality and adherence to the highest standards, and strict technical, safety, and operational requirements to ensure the proper recycling and reuse of electrical power equipment. Circuit breakers are a valuable place for monitoring. You can use Hystrix with Vert.x instead of this circuit breaker or in combination of. This section describes the tricks to use Hystrix in a vert.x application. 3VA molded case circuit breakers. If that call succeeds, the circuit is closed; if it fails, however, the circuit is opened again until another timeout i.e. 60 seconds elapses. Circuit breakers are brought into effect if trading occurs outside of these predefined parameters. When the circuit breaker detects early symptoms of memory exhaustion, it automatically "trips" and limits instrumentation. Air circuit breakers—Rated current up to 6,300 A and higher for generator circuit breakers. The Trip method switches the state of the circuit breaker to the open state and records the exception that caused the change in state, together with the date and time that the exception occurred. When too many appliances or light fixtures are operating at the same time, the internal sensing mechanism in the circuit breaker heats up, and the breaker "trips," usually by means of a spring-loaded component within the breaker. These should be used in conjunction with judicious timeouts at the interfaces between remote systems to prevent the failure of a single component from bringing down all components. Here's a simple example of this behavior in Ruby, protecting against timeouts. As with hard shorts, if a ground fault is present, the circuit breaker may trip again immediately after you reset it. In software, a circuit breaker protects your services from being spammed while already being partly unavailable due to high load. In the case of circuit breakers, the immediate answer is to find the breaker that has tripped and reset the lever to the ON position. According to Wikipedia the definition of Circuit Breaker in Electrical technology. For electricity grids, the introduction of the new ABB concept circuit breaker is as dramatic as the switch from vacuum tubes to transistors, which heralded the start of the digital age. You will use this client to trip” the circuit breaker policies you set in the DestinationRule. And you probably also know that when all the lights and fixtures in a portion of the house go dark or dead at the same time, it's because one of those circuit breakers has "tripped" or one of those fuses as blown. GE's solution for Pumped Storage Power Plant (PSPP) offers an integrated package of protection schemes, including generator circuit breaker, phase reverse disconnector, braking, starting and back-to-back switches. Should the call succeed, the circuit breaker resets and returns to the closed state, ready for more routine operation. Shunt trips may be a user fitted accessory to a standard breaker, or supplied as an integral part of the circuit breaker. Once you have a circuit mapped out and the electrical loads added up, you'll be able to tell if you can plug more devices into the circuit without overloading it.

High current air circuit breakers up to 1600 A in a unique compact size. Hystrix provides an implementation of the circuit breaker pattern. Prices mostly recovered by market close, but the failure of the post-1987 circuit breakers to halt the crash caused the regulators to update the circuit breaker system. Take a look at all of Eaton's molded case circuit breakers. You will build a microservice application that uses the circuit breaker pattern to gracefully degrade functionality when a method call fails. A flexible, high-performance offer, certified to global standards for ratings from 70 to 250 A. The PowerPact H, J, and L-frame circuit breakers are designed to protect electrical systems from damage caused by overloads and short circuits. Our circuit breaker is threshold-based, so if a sample size x of y% requests fail, the breaker will trip. It is intended for use on circuit breakers with one contact per phase. Retry pattern Describes how an application can handle anticipated temporary failures when it tries to connect to a service or network resource by transparently retrying an operation that has previously failed. Circuit breakers are lever-operated devices with ON-OFFs witches, while fuses are glass and ceramic cylinders with screw-in sockets. Future Ready MasterPact MTZ is a comprehensive range of air circuit breakers designed to protect electrical systems from damage caused by overloads, short circuits and equipment ground faults. Power circuit breakers and medium- and high-voltage circuit breakers used for industrial or electric power systems are designed and tested to ANSI or IEEE standards in the C37 series. The range has the same footprint as ComPact NSXm circuit breakers with compatible accessories up to 160 A. Usually you'll also want some kind of monitor alert if the circuit breaker trips. Miniature circuit breaker (MCB)—rated current not more than 100 A. Trip characteristics normally not adjustable. Once a fault is detected, the circuit breaker contacts must open to interrupt the circuit; this is commonly done using mechanically stored energy contained within the breaker, such as a spring or compressed air to separate the contacts. The electronic trip unit of the air circuit breakers is available in different versions. The Circuit Breaker course has been designed to fill this gap in the secondary prevention space. Medium-voltage circuit breakers nearly always use separate current sensors and protective relays , instead of relying on built-in thermal or magnetic overcurrent sensors. The Transmitter is connected to the electrical outlet or fixture in the circuit while the receiver is used to scan the breakers in the circuit panel. Sometimes you want to configure the circuit breaker for a given endpoint so it ignores a certain exception. Grid-edge electrical architectures depend on energy storage systems - whether they are at a household or industrial scale. The ABB circuit breaker will make electrical distribution systems more reliable and efficient and will drive down maintenance costs while meeting the durability demands of next-generation electrical grids. Miniature circuit breakers used to protect control circuits or small appliances may not have sufficient interrupting capacity to use at a panel board; these circuit breakers are called "supplemental circuit protectors" to distinguish them from distribution-type circuit breakers. To understand circuit breakers, it helps to know how household electricity works. The Circuit Breaker pattern provides stability while the system recovers from a failure and minimizes the impact on performance. In recent years, the National Electrical Code , the model code on which most local electrical codes are based, has gradually increased requirements for a special type of circuit breaker, known as an arc-fault circuit interrupter (AFCI). The Circuit Breaker component enters into this state when it finishes the predefined waiting time. Micrologic electronic trip units are designed for use in both PowerPact and Masterpact circuit breakers. Built on 60 years of innovative and reliable protection, our world-class ComPact NSX & NSXm molded-case circuit breakers up to 630A now feature integrated earth leakage protection.

Santon has developed Sidunn conversion sets for the installation of new Merlin Gerin Masterpact NT or NW circuit- breakers in existing distribution equipment for the replacement of obsolete circuit-breakers. Our circuit breakers are applied in panelboards, switchboards, motor control centers, control panels, combination starters, individual enclosures, and bus duct plug-in units. With this functionality, different Apply Circuit Breaker assertions can allow their nested policy to execute for some requests, but not others. A circuit breaker acts as a proxy for operations that might fail. When electricity enters your home, it goes to a circuit breaker box (or fuse box in older homes), where it's divided into a number of circuits. The circuit breaks after a specified number of latency failures. Unlike their market-wide counterparts, these individual circuit breakers go into effect whether the price moves up or down. You can create dynamic circuits at runtime by configuring the Apply Circuit Breaker assertion to use context variables in a Custom Event Tracker ID. These dynamic circuits apply to the same blocks of policy, but have different failure event histories and circuit states since they have different Event Trackers. These are used on overhead electric power distribution systems, to prevent short duration faults from causing sustained outages. This technological breakthrough is combined with new embedded predictive power management software, protection algorithms and higher levels of connectivity. This condition can create conductive ionized gases and molten or vaporized metal, which can cause further continuation of the arc, or creation of additional short circuits, potentially resulting in the explosion of the circuit breaker and the equipment that it is installed in. Therefore, circuit breakers must incorporate various features to divide and extinguish the arc. E, a 20-amp breaker with thicker, No. 12 wire can carry more current than a 15-amp circuit with No. 14 wire. If you experience tripping of the circuit breakers quite frequently, it is time to call in the professionals to investigate the problem. When the Policy Failure Circuit trips, routing for all the developers cease, even if their requests were succeeding. 3WL air circuit breakers are available in four sizes, each featuring a 3- and 4-pole design, and cover a power range from 630 A to 6,300 A. The modular portfolio offers flexibility and provides for easy assembly and subsequent adjustment. MasterPact NT and NW UL 489 listed is a range of air circuit breakers designed to protect electrical systems from damage caused by overloads, short circuits and equipment ground faults, and complying with UL 489 requirements. Here you will find important information, documents, and addresses relating to low-voltage power distribution and electrical installation technology. Its speed maximizes the performance of power distribution systems, while maintaining service continuity. When an emergency or disaster strikes, CBS Northeast has dedicated engineers, technicians, complete manufacturing facilities including sheet-metal machining capability, and a huge inventory of all manufacturers' obsolete, surplus, and new electrical equipment and replacement parts, enabling us to restore your power quickly and safely. The proxy should monitor the number of recent failures that have occurred, and use this information to decide whether to allow the operation to proceed, or simply return an exception immediately. These typically require a separate power source, such as a battery , although some high-voltage circuit breakers are self-contained with current transformers , protective relays , and an internal control power source. The purpose of the timeout timer is to give the system time to fix the problem that caused the failure before allowing the application to try to perform the operation again. In every interval, failure records older than the interval are removed from Event Trackers (for example, using the default value: every 10 minutes, failures older than 10 minutes are removed).

Otherwise, if there is a failure the timeout period begins again. Circuit breakers are manufactured in standard sizes, using a system of preferred numbers to cover a range of ratings. The Gateway will stop all inbound requests to that service for a pre-defined period of time (a recovery time-period). Lighting Panelboard Circuit Breakers from Square D by Schneider Electric provide a wide variety of robust features for use in Square D NF panelboards. Breakers on their own are valuable, but clients using them need to react to breaker failures. Circuit breakers are made in varying sizes, from small devices that protect low-current circuits or individual household appliance, up to large switchgear designed to protect high voltage circuits feeding an entire city. High current switch disconnectors from 630 A to 6300 A. The MasterPact switch disconnector provides high performance which safely ensures that an electrical circuit is completely de-energized for service, maintenance, or emergency stoppage. Circuit breakers are measures approved by the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) to curb panic-selling on U.S. stock exchanges. The purpose of the Circuit Breaker pattern is different than the Retry pattern. The ground-breaking low voltage circuit breaker concept will be revealed to the public for the first time at the Hannover Messe in Germany. The same circuit breaker could be accessed by a large number of concurrent instances of an application. The failure threshold that trips the circuit breaker into the Open state is only reached when a specified number of failures have occurred during a specified interval. Motor circuit protector for use on motor applications up to 115 FLA with UL508 Type D combination listings with contactors and overloads across the Schneider Electric control offer. The circuit breaker can publish metrics to be consumed by the Hystrix dashboard to visualize the state of your circuit breakers. RCCB (Residual Current Operated Circuit-Breaker without Integral Overcurrent Protection) as a type of Residual-current device (RCD, formerly known as a residual current device) — detects current imbalance, but does not provide over-current protection. To protect your home and family against fire and electrical injury, if this limit is reached, the act of the breaker tripping opens the circuit and prevents the flow of current to that particular electrical line or circuit. Earth leakage circuit breaker (ELCB) — This detects current in the earth wire directly rather than detecting imbalance. A short circuit is caused when a hot” wire comes into contact with a neutral wire” in one of your electrical outlets. Use these simple equations to convert different measurements of electricity to help determine things like how many outlets on a 15 amp breaker you can have or how many lights on a 15 amp circuit you can have. You should configure the circuit breaker to match the likely recovery pattern of the operation it's protecting. The breaker trips in order to protect the circuit and appliances from overheating or from potential fires. Fast circuit breakers are essential components of any DC electrical grid. By splitting the arc into smaller arcs the arc is cooled down while the arc voltage is increased and serves as an additional impedance that limits the current through the circuit breaker. ABB has developed a revolutionary solid-state circuit breaker concept, which meets the highest demands of next-generation power applications as they enter the digital age. A ground fault, which typically occurs in high moisture such as the kitchen and bath, and the reason GFCIs are required by current electrical code for your protection. It is important that spacial attention is given when the circuit breaker is designed so that safe interruption of arc is produced during the operation of circuit breaker. The CircuitBreaker class maintains state information about a circuit breaker in an object that implements the ICircuitBreakerStateStore interface shown in the following code. This new breaker makes power easier to manage and 3000 times faster than the fastest mechanical breaker, marking one of the most radical advancements in power distribution since Thomas Edison, next to Nikola Tesla.

Netflix's Hystrix library provides an implementation of the circuit breaker pattern. This means that the flow of electricity is cut off to keep your circuits from overheating or causing more damage. If you use a lot of power tools, it makes sense to use 20-amp circuits for your garage, workshop and basement too. Additionally, many viewed the problem as a circuit-breaker function issue rather than a holistic, systems design issue. The Circuit Breaker pattern also enables an application to detect whether the fault has been resolved. Unlike a fuse , which operates once and then must be replaced, a circuit breaker can be reset (either manually or automatically) to resume normal operation. The circuit breaker reverts to the Closed state after a specified number of consecutive operation invocations have been successful. This simple circuit breaker avoids making the protected call when the circuit is open, but would need an external intervention to reset it when things are well again. One reason they're so bulky is that they are hybrid devices: A temporary breaker made of semiconductor switches shuts down the current in a few milliseconds, which gives a main mechanical breaker time to open. Their Dependency Command talks about using circuit breakers and a thread pool limit. An early form of circuit breaker was described by Thomas Edison in an 1879 patent application, although his commercial power distribution system used fuses 1 Its purpose was to protect lighting circuit wiring from accidental short circuits and overloads. The circuit breaker pattern was described by Martin Fowler. That annotation tells Spring Cloud that the reading application uses circuit breakers and to enable their monitoring, opening, and closing (behavior supplied, in our case, by Hystrix). We provide energy-efficient solutions that help our customers effectively manage electrical, hydraulic and mechanical power more efficiently, safely and sustainably. Eaton's complete line up of low and medium-voltage circuit breakers provide circuit protection in alternative energy, commercial, industrial, mining, and military applications, while protecting against overloads and short circuits in conductors. Motion transducer channels provide measuring a displacement of the circuit breaker moving parts, contact wipe, over-travel, rebound, damping time, and average velocity. Electronic control units for built-in protection, power and energy metering up to 6300 A. MicroLogic control units offer enhanced electronic circuit protection with comprehensive, integrated measurement, preventive and predictive maintenance. However, this strategy could cause many concurrent requests to the same operation to be blocked until the timeout period expires. High current air circuit breakers up to 4000 A. EasyPact MVS is a range of LV power circuit breakers and switch-disconnectors designed to optimize cost and contribute to the safety and reliable performance of your electrical distribution network. You might also have different thresholds for different errors, such as a threshold of 10 for timeouts but 3 for connection failures. Eaton's low and medium-voltage circuit breakers provide premium protection for overheating wires, overloads and short circuits in residential, commercial and industrial applications. Having cleared that 140-year hurdle, which involved adhering to UL's rigorous construction and endurance requirements, Atom Power's next challenge is to reduce the thermal losses sustained by their digital circuit breakers to make them as efficient as their mechanical counterparts. Don't hesitate to start a new conversation with IBOCO customer service through our live chat, if you want to learn more about IBOCO Circuit Breaker and Control ABS Enclosures. You can even turn off some devices to reduce the electrical load on the circuit breaker. As can be seen in the examples below, a Tell Protection pattern could be implemented by using the succeed and fail methods, which would count towards the CircuitBreaker counts. Low voltage molded case circuit breakers and switch disconnectors dedicated for direct current (DC) applications including photovoltaic (PV) installations up to 1500 A. ComPact NSX DC & DC PV is a range of molded case circuit breakers and switch disconnectors, easy to install, optimized for ideal size and breaking capacities dedicated for direct current applications.

Intel Core i5-10400F Processor: Overview (Special)| Overclocking | Benchmark | Specs

Intel Core i5-10400F Processor: Overview (Special)/ is it good for gaming / Benchmark/ Overclocking/ Specification (Specs) - In 2019, we named the Core i5-9400F the best processor for a gaming system, and in 2020 it has a successor - the Core i5-10400F. The tenth generation CPU costs is under $200.00 more, but it has twice as many computational threads and a higher clock frequency. four hundred without a Comet Lake graphics core is a new golden mean from Intel. Perhaps a more balanced solution, if you not only play, but also work with large amounts of data, cannot be found on the market. Intel Core i5-10400F Processor The processor being reviewed is "computer center" top class. Once again, it is worth recalling that all stones The tenth generation Intel Core boasts the presence of Hyper-Threading technology. It is this fact that distinguishes the devices of the Comet Lake family from the products of past years. In this regard, it makes no sense to pay attention to the top modifications that appeared on the market one, two, three or four years ago if you are planning to build a PC right now. Judge for yourself, the Core i7-8700K can currently be purchased for 23,500 rubles, and the Core i5-9600KF for 14,000 rubles. The Core i5-10400F, which is better than any of the devices mentioned, is priced at 12,000 rubles. For the first time in a long time, Intel offers the user exactly what he wants (high performance for a reasonable price). It is possible that AMD has influenced the situation, which has launched attractive Ryzen 3000 series CPUs on the market from all points of view. One way or another, today the user has the right to make an uncompromising choice in favor of a particular device. THE BEST 10th GEN CPU? - Intel i5 10400F Review https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Zn3N1bs1zhc THE BEST 10th GEN CPU? - Intel i5 10400F Review The Intel Core i5-10400F is a 6-core processor with 12 processing threads (14 nm), compatible with Socket LGA 1200. It does not have an integrated graphics core (which had a positive effect on the selling price) and an unlocked multiplier (that is, it is unlikely to overclock will it succeed). The reviewed CPU supports dual-channel DDR4-2666 RAM (128 GB maximum), but we remind you, as usual, that there are no barriers to installing higher clocked modules in the system where the Core i5-10400F will live. The performance of your PC with a high-frequency kit will only increase (in our case, a set of the DDR4-3600 standard was used). The Core i5-10400F has a 12 MB cache, the nominal clock speed of all six cores is 2900 MHz, in the auto-acceleration mode the figure reaches 4300 MHz. Intel Core i5-10400F Processor: Specification (Specs) The Core i5-10400F TDP is 65W, but the actual numbers are higher (74W according to the AI ​​Suite 3 monitoring program). About the heat dissipation of the observed stone worth discussing in more detail.  Ryzen 5 3600XCore i5-10400FCore i7-8700KCore i5-9400FTechnical process7 nm14 nm14 nm14 nmSocketAM4LGA 1200LGA 1151LGA 1151Kernels / threads6/126/126/126/6Clock frequency3800/4400 MHz2900/4300 MHz3700/4700 MHz2900/4100 MHzL3 cache32 MB12 MB12 MB9 MBTDP95 W65 W95 W65 WMemory supportDDR4-3200, 2 channelsDDR4-2666, 2 channelsDDR4-2666, 2 channelsDDR4-2666, 2 channelsPCI-E version4.03.03.03.0Unlocked multiplierYesNotYesNotIntegrated graphicsNotNotIntel UHD Graphics 630NotPriceIntel Core i5-10400F Processor: Specification (Specs) The Box version of the Core i5-10400F fell into our hands, that is, in addition to the processor itself, we also found a miniature cooler in the box. It consists of a tiny aluminum heatsink and a high-speed fan, and the base is nominally coated with thermal paste. TDP Core i5-10400F - 65 W, but the real numbers are higher. Fasteners standard - plastic pinswho do not like multiple mounting / dismantling cycles (after the next time they can simply break down). With this cooler, the Core i5-10400F heated up to 65 degrees in stress tests (on an open bench). The fan rotated at 2350 rpm. Unpleasant noise is heard clearly even in a closed system. In games, regular CO almost always operates at maximum speed. We advise you to think about purchasing even before installing the Core i5-10400F in your PC third party cooler to remove heat from this seemingly cold stone. We used the budget ID-Cooling SE-913X, which is much quieter. boxing option. The specified CO did not allow the Core i5-10400F processor to heat up above 61 degrees (without damage to hearing). Intel Core i5-10400F Processor: Test stand Motherboard - ASUS Prime Z490-ARAM - Kingston HyperX Predator DDR4-3600 (2x8 GB)Video Card - ASUS ROG Strix GeForce RTX 2080Drive - GoodRam PX500 512 GBPower Supply - ThunderX3 Plexus 700 Intel Core i5-10400F: Performance and test results The Core i5-10400F has a fair amount of competition (both in price and technical terms). The most obvious list looks like this: With the predecessor (Core i5-9400F) guest of today's testing cracking down mercilessly. The difference is especially noticeable in rendering, where the benefit of the additional six threads is significant (take a look at the results in the Corona 1.3 benchmark, for example). This means that the Core i5-10400F is ideal not only for solving multimedia problems, but also for professional needs, where the Core i7 devices were previously more in demand. Please note that some applications are more love physical cores, not computational threads (which is why the 8-core Core i7-9700KF does some calculations faster than the Core i5-10400F with 12 threads). In games, proc from an impressive amount lines There is no Core i5-10400F, for example, the maximum load of this CPU in Ghost Recon Wildlands does not exceed 45%. For modern gaming stone with 6 processing threads more than enough, against this background, the affordable Core i5-9400F again seems to be the best option. The Core i5-10400F can be safely called a "people's" processor. The direct rival of the Core i5-10400F in the AMD camp is the Ryzen 5 3600 (or Ryzen 5 3600X). Which one is better if the budget allocated for the CPU does not exceed 12,000 rubles? The answer is very simple. If most of the time you will be engaged in calculations, rendering, professional calculations and other work with data where required strength a large number of threads, it is better to give preference ryzen (actually, the conducted tests confirm this fact). If you plan to primarily play and run single-threaded programs, your stone – Core i5-10400F. Intel Core i5-10400F Processor: Overclocking Is it possible to somehow increase the nominal performance of the Core i5-10400F using BIOS settings. Unfortunately, it's not easy. The maximum multiplier that can really be set in UEFI is x43. But after such maneuver you will not see an increase in power in real tasks (automation already overclocks one or another core within reasonable limits, depending on the load). There is only one way out - to increase the value of BCLK. But we remember that the indicated tire extremely reluctant to respond to an increase in the cherished megahertz. If you are lucky with a motherboard that will start at least at 110-120 MHz (we are talking about the BCLK parameter), you can count on a slight increase in overall performance. But in our case, the miracle did not happen, even 108 MHz is an unstable indicator. Conclusion Core i5-10400F can be safely called a "people's" processor, more versatile and balanced stone hard to find not only tenth line Intel, but also among the modifications that came out earlier. Core i5-10400F is ideal not only for solving multimedia problems, but also for professional needs. For obvious reasons, Intel is phasing out many 8th generation CPUs, including the Core i7-8700K with exactly the same number of cores/threads (as the Core i5-10400F). They no longer make any sense, because they will not become cheaper, and in terms of performance they are worse than stones Comet Lake families. Core i5-10400F gives the user something more than just high power in multimedia tasks (which include gaming). The processor in question is computer center top class. Previously, only high-end solutions for enthusiasts and professionals could offer such performance, but now a CPU with 12 threads from Intel can really be purchased for $150-200. Recommended. Keywords: intel Read the full article

Global Polycarbonate Resins Market Share, Trends & Forecast to 2020-2026

The global polycarbonate resins market is estimated to grow at a CAGR of nearly 5.2% during the forecast period. Polycarbonate resins are opening new doors to novel applications owing to its beneficial properties such as excellent heat resistance, toughness and insulation, as well as very good dimensional stability, transparency, and thermal stability. Polycarbonate resins are expected to have potential new applications in the fields of 3D printing, smart grid systems, and electric vehicle charging stations. As a thermoplastic, polycarbonate is most importantly renowned for its impact resistance and incredible strength. Polycarbonate is lightweight and shows transparency which makes it excellent than other Fused Filament Fabrication (FFF) 3D printing materials.

Get Free Sample Copy @ https://www.omrglobal.com/request-sample/polycarbonate-resins-market

In addition, polycarbonate is flame-retardant and features heat resistance, and electrical insulation, which makes it suitable for use in electrical parts and hardware. Polycarbonate performs better than other materials in strength tests. An informal material strength test revealed that Airwolf 3D printed a range of hooks with the use of a range of 3D printing materials, including polycarbonate, acrylonitrile butadiene styrene (ABS), polylactic acid (PLA), and Nylon 910. PLA was able to lift 285 pounds and has a tensile strength of 7,250 pounds per square inch (psi). In comparison, ABS snapped instantly under 285 pounds of weight and has a tensile strength of 4,700 psi.

A Full Report of Global Polycarbonate Resins Market is Available at: https://www.omrglobal.com/industry-reports/polycarbonate-resins-market

Among these, polycarbonate lifted a whopping 685 pounds and has a tensile strength of 9,800 psi, which is far more than other materials that were tested. Most components produced from commonly used 3D printing materials are not adequate enough to provide strength for safety-critical automotive components. As a result, the advent of polycarbonate 3D printing may have a paradigm shift for producing high strength automotive components.

Further, inclination towards smarter power management has led the demand for good signal transmission properties. This may result in the demand for thermoplastics which can be compatible with smart circuit breakers, smart metering, smart switch and socket solutions. For such applications, the companies including Covestro offers polycarbonate and its blends in flame-retardant grades including Bayblend FR, Makroblend FR (PC+PBT; PC+PET blend), and Makrolon FR and resins. These materials meet UL94 V0 standards up to 0.75 mm. Such materials can also be used in power storage devices and electric vehicle charging stations to support the efficient use of energy.

Owing to the excellent mechanical performance, high dimensional stability, intrinsic flame retardance, high operating temperature, and blends such as the PC/ABS XANTAR C (Mitsubishi Engineering Plastic) can be employed for metering housing owing to the high flow characteristics, low-temperature impact performance, and further enhanced stress cracking resistance. Superior properties and innovations in polycarbonate resins are supporting to expand the applications of polycarbonate resins, which in turn, is offering an opportunity for the growth of the global polycarbonate resins market.

Global Polycarbonate Resins Market- Segmentation

By Application

Electrical and Electronics

Automotive

Consumer Goods

Construction

Packaging

Medical

Optical Media

Others

Global Polycarbonate Resins Market– Segment by Region

North America          

US

Canada

Europe

Germany

UK

France

Spain

Italy

Rest of Europe

Asia-Pacific    

China

Japan

India

Rest of Asia-Pacific

Rest of the World

Company Profiles

CHIMEI Corp.

Covestro AG

Elix Polymers SLU

Formosa Chemicals & Fibre Corp.

Idemitsu Kosan Co., Ltd.

LG Chem, Ltd.

Lotte Chemical Corp.

Mitsubishi Chemical Corp.

Roquette Frères S.A.

SABIC (Saudi Basic Industries Corp.)

Samsung SDI Co., Ltd.

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Global Polycarbonate Resins Market, Size, Share, Analysis Report & Forecast to 2026

The global polycarbonate resins market is estimated to grow at a CAGR of nearly 5.2% during the forecast period. Polycarbonate resins are opening new doors to novel applications owing to its beneficial properties such as excellent heat resistance, toughness and insulation, as well as very good dimensional stability, transparency, and thermal stability. Polycarbonate resins are expected to have potential new applications in the fields of 3D printing, smart grid systems, and electric vehicle charging stations. As a thermoplastic, polycarbonate is most importantly renowned for its impact resistance and incredible strength. Polycarbonate is lightweight and shows transparency which makes it excellent than other Fused Filament Fabrication (FFF) 3D printing materials.

Get Free Sample Copy @ https://www.omrglobal.com/request-sample/polycarbonate-resins-market

In addition, polycarbonate is flame-retardant and features heat resistance, and electrical insulation, which makes it suitable for use in electrical parts and hardware. Polycarbonate performs better than other materials in strength tests. An informal material strength test revealed that Airwolf 3D printed a range of hooks with the use of a range of 3D printing materials, including polycarbonate, acrylonitrile butadiene styrene (ABS), polylactic acid (PLA), and Nylon 910. PLA was able to lift 285 pounds and has a tensile strength of 7,250 pounds per square inch (psi). In comparison, ABS snapped instantly under 285 pounds of weight and has a tensile strength of 4,700 psi. 

A Full Report of Global Polycarbonate Resins Marketis Available at:

https://www.omrglobal.com/industry-reports/polycarbonate-resins-market

Among these, polycarbonate lifted a whopping 685 pounds and has a tensile strength of 9,800 psi, which is far more than other materials that were tested. Most components produced from commonly used 3D printing materials are not adequate enough to provide strength for safety-critical automotive components. As a result, the advent of polycarbonate 3D printing may have a paradigm shift for producing high strength automotive components. 

Further, inclination towards smarter power management has led the demand for good signal transmission properties. This may result in the demand for thermoplastics which can be compatible with smart circuit breakers, smart metering, smart switch and socket solutions. For such applications, the companies including Covestro offers polycarbonate and its blends in flame-retardant grades including Bayblend FR, Makroblend FR (PC+PBT; PC+PET blend), and Makrolon FR and resins. These materials meet UL94 V0 standards up to 0.75 mm. Such materials can also be used in power storage devices and electric vehicle charging stations to support the efficient use of energy. 

Owing to the excellent mechanical performance, high dimensional stability, intrinsic flame retardance, high operating temperature, and blends such as the PC/ABS XANTAR C (Mitsubishi Engineering Plastic) can be employed for metering housing owing to the high flow characteristics, low-temperature impact performance, and further enhanced stress cracking resistance. Superior properties and innovations in polycarbonate resins are supporting to expand the applications of polycarbonate resins, which in turn, is offering an opportunity for the growth of the global polycarbonate resins market.

Global Polycarbonate Resins Market- Segmentation

By Application

Electrical     and Electronics

Automotive

Consumer     Goods

Construction

Packaging

Medical

Optical     Media

Others

Global Polycarbonate Resins Market– Segment by Region 

North America           

US

Canada

Europe

Germany

UK

France

Spain

Italy

Rest of     Europe

Asia-Pacific    

China

Japan

India

Rest of     Asia-Pacific

Rest of the World

Company Profiles

·       CHIMEI Corp.

·       Covestro AG

·       Elix Polymers SLU

·       Formosa Chemicals &Fibre Corp.

·       Idemitsu Kosan Co., Ltd.

·       LG Chem, Ltd.

·       Lotte Chemical Corp.

·       Mitsubishi Chemical Corp.

·       Roquette Frères S.A.

·       SABIC (Saudi Basic Industries Corp.)

·       Samsung SDI Co., Ltd.

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NVMe SSDs are becoming more and more affordable and many companies taking the advantages of the technology to incorporate NVMe storage into high-speed removable drives. This is done with a PCI bridge controller that supports high-speed throughput such as USB 3.0 and 3.2 and connects NVMe to USB. The result of this combination is a high capacity and high-speed USB devices. Patriot has been recently working on their portable external SSD storage solution in the form of the USB thumb drive, the PXD. Patriot’s PXD M.2 is a thumb drive-based SSD storage device with USB Type C connectivity. What is special about this device is that it offers USB connections up to USB 3.2 and has a Bus speed up to 10Gbit/sec. Advertised Read/Write speeds for this device are up to 1000MB/s.

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[section_title title=Introduction and Specifications]

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Technical Specifications

Patriot Inv Number PXD1TBPEC Description Patriot PXD M.2 PCIe Type-C External SSD Certifications/Safety CE/FCC/RoHS Product Warranty 3 Year Warranty Unit UPC 0814914026786 Unit Weight 0.07 Ibs / 35 gm Unit Dimensions 4.05″(L) x 1.24″(W) x 0.38″(H) 10.3 cm (L) x 3.15 cm x 0.98 cm (H) Packaging Type Color box Packaging Weight 0.25 Ibs / 116 gm Packaging Dimensions 1.25″(L) x 5.27″(W) x 6.77″(H) 3.2 cm (L) x 13.4 cm x 17.2 cm (H)

Features

• Latest PCIe gen 3 x 4 controller • Bus speed up to 10Gbit/sec • Latest USB 3.2 Type-C Interface • Solid aluminum body design • Lightweight: 35g • Operating Temperature: 0 ~ 70��C • Power Consumption: Full: 2.5W S4:0.06W • Type-C to Type-C, Type-C to Type-A cable included • Sequential Read (ATTO): up to 1,000MB/s • Sequential Write (ATTO): up to 1,000MB/s • Sequential Read (CDM): up to 1,000MB/s • Sequential Write (CDM): up to 1,000MB/s • O/S Supported: Windows® 10􀉼Mac OS 10.13 Plug and Play *May require a driver for older OS

Packaging of PXD is simple but it has all of its features listed on the back of the box. On the front of the box, we can see the device through the clear plastic window. What I like about the presentation here is the simple notification of the performance of the device inside. The linear graph on the bottom of the package shows High Performance with ‘+’ signs. For non-technical users, this is a great way to understand what you should expect from Patriots PXD.

PXD comes two capacities 1 and 2 TB. Our sample is 1TB in size and it’s clearly shown on the device itself. Both versions of the drive include Type-C to Type-C, Type-C to Type-A cable. Both cables are about 8 inches long (203mm).

[section_title title=Introduction and Specifications]

Introduction and Specifications

The Patriot PXD itself is extremely light. It weighs only 35 grams. The shell of this device is constructed from Blue aluminum and the ends of the PXD are made from ABS plastic. The device feels very durable and slick to touch. On one side of the PXD, you can see the wording ‘PXD’ in a large print with the denomination of the size. (1 or 2 TB). On the other side of the device, there is a single ‘Patriot’ logo. The logo and writings are both in black ink which matches the plastic endpoints of PXD.

The IO port of PXD is a Type-C connector and is on the side of the unit. On the right of the IO port, there is a tiny activity LED indicator. This LED lights up and flickers when the drive is online and being accessed. The opposite side of PXD does not have any markings or IO ports.

From the side of the PXD, I found a small ridge that reminds me of a heat sink. This device does get warm while in operation the aluminum body should help with heat disbursement.

Dimensions of PXD are 4.05″(L) x 1.24″(W) x 0.38″(H), 103mm (L) x 31.5 mm x 9.8 mm (H). The PXD can be easily stored in the pocket, bag, or purse.

Since I have an Android phone I can use PXD with it as a storage device to store files and pictures with ease.

A Closer Look at the PCB Board

Internal PCB boards are secured in the plastic bezel. To remove the whole package from the shell you need to pry out non USB side of the device off and slide out the shell. On one side of the PCB board, I found an aluminum strip with thermal padding on the chip. The aluminum strip comes in contact with the outer shell to transfer the heat from the chips. No active cooling here.

The Patriot PXD consists of two PCB boards. One board has the USB PCI Bridge and the other board holds the NVMe controller and RAM. Both of these boards connect via M.2 socket.

USB PCI Bridge here is provided by Micron JMS583. This chip is what makes it possible to extend the M.2 socket to USB.

I wasn’t able to find any information on the RAM chips. Based on the board layout there are two NVMe ram chips in this unit. Each being 512 MB.

NVMe Controller is by Phison PS5013-E13T.

[section_title title=Benchmarks]

Benchmarks

System Configuration Component Product Name Provided By Case Open Test Bench CPU Intel Core i7 9700K CPU Cooler Celsius+ S36 Prisma Fractal Design Motherboard EVGA Z390 FTW EVGA Ram (2) 8GB Corsair DDR4-3200 CMW16GX4M2C3200C16 Corsair GPU Radeon RX 5600 XT Phantom Gaming D3 6G OC ASRock Monitor BenQ EL2870U 28 inch 4K HDR Gaming Monitor 3840×2160 @ 60 Hz Hard Drives Adata XPG SX8200 PRO (512GB) Adata Power Supply Thermal Take Tough Power RGB 80 Plus Gold 750W

The following benchmarks were performed via USB 3.2 connection to achieve the highest throughput available.

Crystal Disk Mark benchmark at 1GB test size:

Empty Drive

75% Full Drive

Unlike CrystalDiskMark, the ATTO disk benchmark is a 32-bit compressible data benchmark that measures read and write speeds across various file transfer sizes from 512B to 64MB to show SSD behavior.

Empty Drive

75% Full Drive

Stock (or empty) drive benchmarks showed me that the maximum attainable throughput speed is close to 1000 MB/s or 970MB/s Read and 899MB/s on Write via Crystal Disk Mark. When the drive was loaded up to 75% the benchmark result did not deviate much in fact they were extremely close with 961 MB/s Read and 890 MB/s Write. In the Crystal Disk Mark, we were using 1GB chunks.

For smaller file size benchmark I have used the ATTO Disk Benchmark. In this benchmark, I achieved speeds up to 1020MB/s on Read and 1051MB/s on Write when looking at the Stock (empty drive). The 75% load test showed the same stability as we saw in Crystal Disk Mark. Read speeds recorded with the drive being 75% full were up to 1012MB/s and write speeds up to 1049MB/s.

In short, the advertised speed of PXD corresponds to our benchmark data.[section_title title=Final Thoughts]

Final Thoughts

The Patriot PXD 1TB External SSD storage device is an extremely convenient device to have on you at all times.  The device is so small that it could be carried in the pockets, backpacks, purses, or simply left in the car.  The PXD is equipped with the latest USB 3.2 Type-C Interface so you know you are getting the absolute best throughput speeds available.  Just keep in mind that the device you are planning to use PXD in should be able to handle the USB 3.2 interface.  But if you do have older USB interfaces such as USB 3.0 or even 2.0 you should have no issues of using this storage device but just at slower transfer speeds.

From my benchmarks, I can clearly state that the device performs as advertised by Patriot.  The performance of PXD does not degrade when you load the drive with data which is a big plus.  The PXD is without active cooling and does get warm to touch while in operation.

PXD 1TB is comparably priced with the competition.  Currently, the Patriot PXD 1TB retails for $170 and its competitors are Crucial X8 ($172), Sabrent Rocket Nano ($170), and RAVPower Portable ($170).  Currently, I think that all the devices are just a little bit on the high side but I would expect the price to drop as external M.2 devices become more available on the market.  Even at the current market price, I would highly recommend the Patriot PXD storage device if you need a fast and reliable portable solution.

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Patriot PXD M.2 PCIE TYPE-C EXTERNAL SSD NVMe SSDs are becoming more and more affordable and many companies taking the advantages of the technology to incorporate NVMe storage into high-speed removable drives.

XMG Apex 15 review: Ryzen 9 3950X in a laptop

The AMD Ryzen 3950X processor has 16 cores and 32 threads, clocking up to a maximum of 4.7GHz. It’s the flagship of AMD’s super-successful Ryzen 3000 series and a CPU that demolished Intel’s high-end desktop processor line-up. And now, as insane and impossible as it might sound, you can run it in a laptop – a 15-inch laptop, no less. So, let’s have a moment of hushed awe for the XMG Apex 15, which must surely be the most powerful notebook available right now on the market – certainly in CPU terms. Going into this one, I had a range of questions. How can this possibly work? Why doesn’t it just immediately overheat and shutdown?

Answers start to become clear when we consider the nature of the XMG Apex 15 beyond the CPU. Built by a firm that specialises in configurable notebooks, XMG – in common with other PC ’boutique’ sellers – uses barebone designs from an ODM (original design manufacturer) which are then customised. This particular chassis is remarkable in that its mainboard is based on AMD’s B450 chipset and retains the original AM4 socket, meaning that XMG can insert any desktop CPU in there you want when you order, and later on down the line, you can upgrade it yourself.

The firm was generous enough to supply a new Apex 15 for review kitted out with the Ryzen 9 3950X, 16GB of 3200MHz DDR4 and a Samsung 970 Evo Plus NVMe SSD. Beyond that, it’s simplicity itself to remove the lower cover where you have nigh-on instant access to the innards – and there we see just how upgradable this machine is. The memory isn’t soldered to the motherboard, you can swap in your own SODIMMs. Next to the NVMe drive is an empty slot for a second SSD, and there’s even space for another SATA drive.

What you can’t fail to notice is a ginormous copper cooling assembly, under which you’ll find CPU and GPU. It looks daunting, but simply removing a power cable for one of the integrated fans, removing its accompanying screws and then loosening the numbered screws in the centre sees this ginormous cooling assembly lift out easily enough. Under that (and a well-judged layer of Thermal Grizzly Kryonaut thermal grease) you’ll find pretty much the only non-upgradable component – the refreshed mobile version of the RTX 2070. Next to it resides the star of the show, the Ryzen 9 3950X, and it is indeed sitting in a normal AM4 socket. XMG also supplied us an OEM Ryzen 9 3900 for testing purposes. Put simply, accessing and upgrading this machine is a doddle – even swapping CPUs is easier than a desktop unit.

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Seeing is believing. Here’s the Digital Foundry video review for the Ryzen-powered XMG Apex 15.

Manufacturer information about the XMG Apex 15 is available here, with direct access to the various configuration options here.

In supplying the Ryzen 9 3900 for review, XMG also reveals how this technological miracle is achieved. The non-X 3900 is a 65W TDP part vs the standard 105W TFP in the desktop version. Compared to the full-fat model, you get the majority of the performance, but with a huge reduction in power draw. There is no such 65W model of the 3950X, however, so the BIOS of the notebook simply switches it into eco mode, enforcing a 65W limit. The real question is how much of the fully unlocked experience the laptop gives you – and the answers are surprising.

Of course, there are compromises in aiming to deliver proper desktop performance. First and foremost, it’s in terms of form factor. The XMG Apex 15 is indeed a 15-inch notebook in terms of its X and Y dimensions, but it’s significantly thicker and deeper than the usual notebook. What this does mean, however, is that you get full-size ports – including Ethernet – and they are situated to the left, the right and on the back of the unit. There, you get HDMI, USB-C (with video output support) and mini-Displayport. There’s also the power input there, with XMG supplying a 230W external PSU, and for the Ryzen 9 3950X in gaming, it actually maxes out its capabilities.

Fully unleashed, this thing is monstrous. Even at 65W, the Ryzen chips are drawing much more power than most laptop parts, so the cooling assembly is stressed heavily under load. At full throttle it’s very, very loud – there’s no doubt about it. XMG’s solution is simply to offer the user choice. In the custom control panel, there are four modes: power saving, quiet, entertainment and performance. Entertainment is the standard, while performance fully unlocks the processor (within the 65W limit, of course). I ran Cinebench R20 in both single thread and multi-core modes on both Ryzen 9 3900 and Ryzen 9 3950X and these are the results I got. In percentage terms, it does seem to be the case that the 3900 retains more of its performance the lower down the chain of modes you go, but then again, it is a chip specifically designed for the 65W power envelope.

And did we mention it does hardware-accelerated ray tracing too?

Power Saving Quiet Mode Entertainment Performance CineBench R20 3900 385/970 486/2628 490/5105 494/6474 Cinebench R20 3950X 267/1276 292/1971 454/4598 486/7501

I found the quiet mode to be perfectly serviceable for general PC tasks, but power-saving was not a particularly great experience at all. I also can’t recommend the unit for running from battery power – the CPU clocks down massively on all cores and becomes far less responsive. There’s only a 62WHr battery too, meaning that even with hobbled performance, you’ll be very lucky indeed to get an hour’s worth of use from the machine. This is unashamedly a desktop replacement though, and I consider the battery to be there simply to keep the machine active on the go before plugging it in somewhere else.

And when I say desktop replacement, I mean it. To get an idea of the basic power level of this machine, I switched into performance mode and ran Cinebench R20. I then stacked up the results with our desktop scores database and then added the Asus Zephyrus G14 laptop, based on the Ryzen 4000 ‘Renoir’ APU (which has eight cores and 16 threads with a 35W TDP). The results are phenomenal: both 3900 and 3950X in the laptop beat Renoir in single-core performance and deliver a 55 per cent/79 per cent improvement in multi-core output. What’s impressive here is that Renoir really is the state-of-the-art in mobile CPUs right now. The Apex 15 annihilates it.

But it’s the desktop comparisons that are fascinating. We’re not making life easier for the Apex 15 here – our library results are based on Ryzen chips that have no thermal limitations and run at full power. On top of that, they’re paired with faster memory with much lower latency. Even so, the 3950X delivers 81 per cent of the full chip’s performance level, and it’s seven per cent faster than a desktop 3900X. The 3900 non-X chip in the Apex 15 delivers 92 per cent of the 3900X’s desktop output.

The Apex 15 at the bottom, Dell XPS 15 in the middle and Asus Zephyrus G14 on top. The XMG is a bit of a unit in terms of thickness.

3950X Laptop 3900 Laptop 3900X Desktop 3950X Desktop 4900HS Laptop Cinebench R20 1T 486 494 514 514 477 Cinebench R20 MT 7501 6474 7032 9249 4192 Handbrake h.264 55.0fps 44.8fps 51.8fps 64.7fps 26.5fps Handbrake HEVC 20.4fps 17.6fps 20.3fps 25.6fps 9.5fps

The video encoding tests are also astonishing. We encode 4K video in Handbrake using demanding h.264 and HEVC settings, inflicting crippling workloads where all cores are maxed for an extended period of time. In h.264, the laptop 3950X delivers 85 per cent of the desktop verson’s output. The 3900 is about the same, with 86 performance of the 3900X’s throughput. You’ll note that the Ryzen 4000 results are once again annihilated by the Apex 15: prolonged all-core utilisation sees performance throttle back after a few minutes, massively reducing the average result. The Apex 15 simply doesn’t do this: it’s loud, it’s proud and it powers on through at maximum speed right through to completion.

Gaming offers an entirely different challenge, however, with CPU utilisation that rarely soaks all cores but does use them in most cases. Core clocks are just as important as core count – probably more so, in fact. You can get a much better idea of gaming performance from the video review embedded above, but the headline stats are pretty straightforward. In raw performance terms, the Ryzen 9 3900 and 3950X in the laptop are only separated by a few percentage points and by and large, it’s up there with a desktop Ryzen 5 3600X running with 3600MHz DDR4. By extention then, it’ll be very close to a full desktop Ryzen 7 3700X in gaming prowess. The takeaway is pretty straightforward – it is desktop-class CPU performance and you’re usually getting 90 per cent or more of the output of the same chip running in a desktop unit with faster memory. Comparisons against Ryzen 4000 Renoir are fascinating – we are clearly dealing with significantly higher performance here.

I tested by running my key benchmark games at 720p resolution, effectively removing the RTX 2070 from the equation as a limiting factor. However, the nature of the Apex 15’s GPU is worth some examination – principally because it’s the only element of the laptop you can’t upgrade. What you’re getting is the same silicon as the desktop version of the GPU, but it’s downclocked to fit within a tighter power budget. The end result is that in most scenarios, performance is essentially point-for-point identical to the desktop RTX 2060. I did find it to be five per cent faster than the 2060 in The Witcher 3, but otherwise, it’s on par. This makes the choice of a 1080p/144Hz screen more understandable, but I’d have preferred 1440p instead personally. One thing to bear in mind is that being an RTX 2070, you still get 8GB of GDDR6 memory – 2GB more than a desktop 2060. In the process, the biggest issue I have with the 2060 is eliminated.

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Essentially, what we have here is a desktop replacement that delivers unprecedented mobile power by effectively delivering a miniaturised desktop PC. Graphics aside, you can upgrade it like a desktop, there’s a ton of expandability in there and if you really push the spec with high-end processors and memory, you essentially have an eminently portable workstation that outperforms the vast majority of the modern desktop PCs out there. As the results came in on this machine, I continually marvelled at the performance. It’s utterly insane.

It’s almost like the anti-thesis of the Asus Zephyrus G14 I’ve been using as of late. In that case, Asus delivered an excellent 14-inch thin-and-light machine based on the ultra-efficient Ryzen 4000. The XMG Apex 15 lacks its refinement, its build quality and its form factor, but what you do get is a huge increase in processing power, hugely impressive expandability and an actual upgrade path to higher-end chips. I wish I’d had the time to try the Ryzen 5 3600 in this machine (the best-selling 65W processor around right now) but more than that, as it’s based on the B450 chipset, there’s a big chance that you’ll also be able to upgrade to the more performant, potentially more efficient Zen 3 chips coming later this year.

The XMG Apex 15 is a remarkable machine then, but should you buy one? If you need a portable workstation with extreme CPU power, you’re going to struggle to find anything better. I can think of numerous times we’ve had to encode video or edit 4K content at events like E3 or Gamescom where this machine would have made our lives so much easier. In fact, this notebook is more powerful than half of our in-house 4K editing machines – it can outperform a Ryzen 9 3900X, after all. However, on the flipside, it can’t really be used as flexibly as a more conventional laptop: it really needs to be plugged in at all times. Gaming-wise, it’s generally excellent but the RTX 2070 may be more of a limiting factor than the CPU, so a Comet Lake system with an RTX 2080 Super would likely be a better fit for the gamer.

Ultimately, this is a machine I really enjoyed testing for all manner of reasons. I like it because it speaks to the diversity of the PC hardware market and the way that manufacturers aren’t afraid to push back the frontiers of what’s possible. I love the notion that someone, somewhere decided to take a look at AMD’s top-tier 16-core, 32-thread processor and dared to offer laptop support for it. Speaking to XMG over the last couple of months, I know there’s been a fair degree of BIOS refinements and software tweaks going on behind the scenes to get this right. XMG has never tackled anything like this before so it is a first-gen effort in some respects. Some of the changes (eg throttling back for entertainment mode) speak to the experimental nature of this machine, but the end product as it stands right now does work – just go in accepting that if you want Palpatine levels of ‘unlimited power’, there’s a price to pay in terms of thermals and acoustics. Beyond that though, the performance is mind-bending and this machine does actually work – and I’m still not entirely sure I quite believe it.

from EnterGamingXP https://entergamingxp.com/2020/06/xmg-apex-15-review-ryzen-9-3950x-in-a-laptop/?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=rss&utm_campaign=xmg-apex-15-review-ryzen-9-3950x-in-a-laptop

Intel 10th Gen Comet Lake-S Desktop CPU Final Specifications & Prices Leak Out – Core i9-10900K 10 Core For $488 US, Core i7-10700K 8 Core For $374 US, Core i5 6 Core Starting at $150 US

The final specifications & prices of Intel's upcoming 10th Generation Comet Lake-S Desktop CPU family have leaked out by Videocardz. The information confirms the details that we already knew but the most important thing covered in this leak is the prices that show that Intel has definitely given its Core lineup a major overhaul in terms of price/positioning to tackle AMD's Ryzen 3000 processors. Intel's 10th Generation Desktop CPU Family Specifications & Prices Leak Out - Core i9-10900K With 10 Cores For $488 US, i7-10700K With 8 Cores For $374 US Intel's 10th Gen Comet Lake-S Desktop CPUs and the accompanying Z490 platform are expected to be unveiled on 30th April and will be introduced on retail shelves on the 20th of May. Update: HD-Tecnologia has also leaked the latest slides and shown us the pictures of Intel's latest box packaging for its 10th Generation Desktop CPUs. While the dodecahedron packaging for 9th Gen Core i9 desktop CPUs looked great, I think the more simplistic box-shaped package with a nice mirror cut design looks even better. The Intel Comet Lake-S or the 10th Generation Core Family is expected to be the last CPU lineup to reuse the 14nm Skylake architecture. The Skylake architecture has been with us since 2015 and Intel has yet to replace it for desktop consumers. The architecture has seen several optimizations and key refinements that have led to an increase from 4 cores and 8 threads to 10 cores and 20 threads. The same 14nm process has also been improved to the point that the flagship CPU speeds have seen a massive jump from 4.20 GHz boosts to 5.30 GHz boosts. There are three SKUs in the unlocked lineup which is one less than what we were told. There's the flagship Core i9-10900K which is followed by the Core i7-10700K and the Core i5-10600K. The Core i3 variant is missing but it's such a crucial SKU that would be targetting a very competitive market and it would be a bad decision for Intel to not launch an unlocked quad-core part in the budget tier segment. Intel Core i9-10900K - 10 Cores, Up To 5.3 GHz Single-Core, 4.9 GHz All-Core at $488 US The Intel Core i9-10900K will be the flagship part of the 10th Generation Desktop CPU family. Intel has a few tricks up their sleeves to offer even better performance than the Core i9-9900KS. The i9-10900K features 10 cores, 20 threads a total cache of 20 MB and a 125W TDP. The chip has a base frequency of 3.7 GHz and a boost frequency of 5.1 GHz. However, using Intel's Turbo Boost Max 3.0 technology, the chip can boost up to 5.2 GHz on a single-core and what's even better is the 4.9 GHz all-core boost. Some of the features of this particular chip include: Up to 4.8 GHz All-Core Turbo Up to 5.3 / 4.0 GHz Thermal Velocity Boost Singe / All-core Turbo Up to 5.2 GHz Intel Turbo Boost Max 3.0 Up to 10C and 20T Up to DDR4-2933 MHz dual-channel Enhanced Core & Memory Overclocking Active Core Group Tuning Here's the interesting part, the chip would also get Thermal Velocity Boost, similar to the current flagship parts. CPUs that support this algorithm, like the Core i9-10900K, would feature even faster boost frequencies of 5.3 GHz (single-core) and 4.9 GHz (all-core). However, as the name suggests, only top-tier cooling solutions would be able to allow full utilization of the Thermal Velocity Boost feature. So unless you rock a high-end AIO liquid cooler or a closed-loop setup, don't expect a sustained velocity boost but rather short bursts until the threshold is hit. It will be interesting to know the full extent of the features that this function has to offer and what kind of cooling would the Core i9-10900K requires in general. A few benchmarks of the Core i9-10900K versus the AMD Ryzen 9 3900X CPU can be found here. Intel Core i7-10700K - 8 Cores, Up To 5.1 GHz Single-Core, 4.7 GHz All-Core at $374 US The Intel Core i7-10700K would be featuring 8 cores and 16 threads. The chip would house 16 MB of total cache and a TDP of 125W. The chip would feature a base clock of 3.8 GHz, a boost clock of 5.0 GHz (single-core), and 5.1 GHz (single-core) with Turbo Boost Max 3.0. The chip will be 100 MHz faster in single-core but slower across all-cores by 100 MHz than the Core i9-9900K which retails for over $500 US. Since this is an i7 part, expect pricing to fall around $350-$400 US. Intel Core i5-10600K - 6 Cores, Up To 4.8 GHz Single-Core, 4.5 GHz All-Core at $262 US The Intel Core i7-10600K would be featuring 6 cores and 12 threads. The chip would house 12 MB of total cache and a TDP of 125W. The chip would feature a base clock of 4.1 GHz, a boost clock of 4.8 GHz (single-core), and 4.5 GHz (all-core). The chip would be faster than the 8th Gen flagship, the Core i7-8700K, featuring a higher base and boost clock across a single and all-cores. The Core i5 should be retailing in the $220-$270 US segment which is a decent price for a fast 6 core and multi-threaded chip. Intel 10th Gen Comet Lake-S 65W Desktop CPU Family The rest of the lineup is made up of the 65W SKUs which come in Core i9, Core i7, Core i5, and Core i3 flavors. Having a 65W Core i9-10900 with 10 cores and 20 threads which still boosts up to 4.5GHz across all cores and 4.6 GHz if you include the Thermal Velocity boost is pretty good plus 5.2 GHz on a single-core doesn't sound that bad at all, considering this is a 65W chip (at its base frequency). The Intel Core i3 lineup is also worth pointing out as it is made up of 3 SKUs which seem to be part of the initial launch family. The Core i3-10320 would be leading with 4 cores, 8 threads at 65W. 8MB of cache, clocks of up to 4.6 GHz with a single-core, and 4.4 GHz on all-cores sound decent enough for what is supposed to be a budget chip retailing under $150US. The full list of SKUs along with their specs can be seen in the table below. 400-Series Platform and LGA 1200 Socket Support The Comet Lake-S family would also move to a new socket known as LGA 1200. While the LGA 1200 socket has the same dimensions as the LGA 1151 socket (37.5mm x 37.5mm), the socket keying has shifted to the left side and Comet Lake is no longer electrically or mechanically compatible with Coffee Lake motherboards. Some details of the new LGA 1200 package and socket for Comet Lake: Comet Lake will transition to a higher pin-count package Comet Lake LGA will not have backward compatibility with legacy platforms No changes to ILM dimensions or thermal solution retention Comet Lake LGA improves power delivery and support for future incremental I/O features Pin 1 orientation remains the same, but socket keying has shifted left The good thing is that your existing coolers would still be compatible with the LGA 1200 socket so that's one hardware change you shouldn't be worrying about. The Comet Lake-S family will retain support for DDR4-2666 memory UDIMM and support up to 32 GB capacity DIMMs per channel. Intel plans to have several chipsets deployed in the 400-series family. There would obviously be Z490 which will target the 'K' unlocked SKUs I mentioned above, but aside from that, we are looking at the W480 (Entry Workstation), Q470 (Corporate with Intel vPro), and H410 (Value) chipsets. These would target more corporate and entry tier users. Also interesting to note is that H410 is not pin-compatible with W480 and Q470 chipsets, which reveals a very cut down design for the entry-level chip. Following are some of the main platform features of the 10th Generation Comet Lake-S family: Up To 10 processor cores for enhanced performance Up To 30 PCH-H High-Speed I/O lanes for port flexibility Up To 40 PCIe 3.0 Lanes (16 CPU, up to 24 PCH) Media & Display features for premium 4K content support Integrated + Discrete Intel Wireless-AC (Wi-Fi/BT CNVi) Support Intel Wi-Fi 6 (Gig+) Support Enhanced Core and memory overclock Integrated USB 3.2 Gen 2x1 (10 Gb/s) support Intel Rapid Storage Technology (Intel RST) Programmable (Open FW SDK) Quad-Core Audio DSP C10 & S0ix Support for Modern Standby While there would be a range of new overclocking features, Intel has also revealed that they will be thinning out the die of 10th Gen Desktop CPUs, offering more IHS space for the CPU to make use of to dissipate heat. Intel is calling it the Thin Die STIM design and is stated to improve the overall CPU thermal performance. In terms of chipset features, W480 would be the most feature-rich of the three chipsets that are mentioned here. Z490 would be the most appealing for the enthusiast and gaming audience, but let's take a look at the mainstream chipsets. The W480 chipset would offer a total of 46 high-speed IO lanes and a total of 40 PCIe Gen 3.0 lanes. The CPUs would retain 16 lanes with the chipset offering up to 24 PCIe 3.0 lanes. There would be support for up to 8 SATA III ports, 8 USB 3.2 Gen 2 ports or 10 USB 3.2 Gen 1 ports, 14 USB 3.2 Gen ports, and Intel RST. Neither of the three chipsets would feature overclock support since that is restricted to the Z490 chipset but we will get more information on overclocking later on from Intel themselves. Intel has definitely adjusted the prices of various processors in its lineup. The Core i9-10900K with 10 cores actually features a lower price point than the $500 US+ Core i9-9900KS while being lower in price which is a great thing for consumers who were waiting to buy one. The rest of the prices are also great and the only thing that needs to be seen now is how they fare against AMD's Ryzen 3000 in actual benchmark tests. We will know what kind of value proposition the Intel 10th Gen Core lineup holds against the AMD Zen 2 based family on the 20th of May.

7R's new green warehouses will make the logistics industry more sustainable

7R is the first warehouse developer in Poland to create an innovative eco-friendly warehouse – 7R Green. The company's main goal is to provide facilities in which ecological solutions will help minimize their impact on the natural environment. Construction of the first warehouse, designed in keeping with the new green concept, will start in the first half of the year. The Paris Agreement, signed in 2015, set out the first binding global action plan to mitigate climate change and the severe effects of global warming. In the last few years the logistics industry has increasingly focused on sustainable construction. "We certify all of our facilities through the international BREEAM standard which confirms our use of green construction solutions. However we decided to go one step further by creating the 7R Green eco product line in response to progressive climate change. The question of sustainability and the need to protect the environment are increasingly addressed by customers and tenants of the logistics industry. Green practices must become the standard on the warehouse property market. This is an important step on the way to reducing the adverse changes in the natural environment," said Tomasz Lubowiecki, President of the Board at 7R. The 7R Green concept primarily focuses on maximizing the energy efficiency of warehouses delivered to the market, which is achieved through the use of modern solutions. "In the warehouses built as part of the new 7R Green product line we will use photovoltaic panels that will cover part of our tenants' electricity demand. We will also provide sockets for charging electric cars. We decided to take our efforts even further and we have already started testing a BMS system, which monitors the effectiveness of installed devices and supports efficient management of the building. LED solutions have proven successful so far. Combined with an increased exposure of adjacent dock areas to daylight, this solution will reduce the cost of utilities for our tenants. We also intend to introduce motion detectors and the DALI system of dynamic lighting, which is designed to adapt to changing environmental conditions. We will continue to focus on the quality of solutions, and the facilities we build will have higher thermal insulation coefficients than other objects of a similar class," said Maciej Krawiecki, Head of Leasing at 7R. Construction of the first warehouse facility designed and built as part of the 7R Green eco approach will start in Sosnowiec, Poland, in the first half of 2020. 7R is a Polish developer of modern warehouse space, active on the market for the last 10 years. The company's portfolio currently has over 600,000 sqm of space, and another 700,000 sqm which is at different stages of the investment process, is planned in various locations across Poland. Tags: 7r, cee manufacturing awards