Prediction of the Omp16 Epitopes for development of an epitope based Vaccine against Brucellosis.

Prediction of the Omp16 Epitopes for development of an epitope based Vaccine against Brucellosis.

Infect Disord Drug Targets. 2018 Jul 09;:

Authors: Rezaei M, Rabbani-Khorasgani M, Zarkesh-Esfahani SH, Emamzadeh R, Abtahi H

Abstract Brucellosis is an infectious disease caused by Brucella bacteria that cause disease in animals and humans. Brucellosis is one of the most common zoonotic diseases transmitted animals -to-human through direct contact with infected animals and also consumption of unpasteurized dairy products. Due to wide incidence of brucellosis in Iran and economical costs in industry animal husbandry, Vaccination is best way to prevent of this disease. All of available commercial vaccines against brucellosis are derived from live attenuated strains of Brucella. But because of disadvantage of live attenuated vaccines, protective subunit vaccine against Brucella may be a good candidate for production of new recombinant vaccines based on Brucella outer membrane protein (OMP) antigens. In the present study, comprehensive bioinformatics analysis has been conducted on prediction software to predict T and B cell epitopes, the secondary and tertiary structures and antigenicity of Omp16 antigen and the validation of used software confirmed by experimental results. The final epitope prediction results have proposed that the three epitopes were predicted for the Omp16 protein with antigenicity ability. We hypothesized that these epitopes likely have protective capacity to stimulate both the B-cell and T-cell mediated immune responses and so may be effective as an immunogenic candidate for the development of an epitope-based vaccine against brucellosis.

PMID: 29984663 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]

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Inter-Regional Differences in Travel Time to the Nearest Nursery for Children with Mild Acute Illness in Japan.

Inter-Regional Differences in Travel Time to the Nearest Nursery for Children with Mild Acute Illness in Japan.

Tohoku J Exp Med. 2018;245(3):153-158

Authors: Ehara A

Abstract Access to day-care services for children with mild acute illness is important for working parents, because infants and toddlers often suddenly become ill, and most Japanese nursery schools do not accept children with even mild illnesses. Actual travel time to nurseries providing such day-care services is one of the indicators for measuring accessibility. However, this variable has not been well analyzed in previous work. To clarify practical access to such nurseries, this study used a car navigation algorithm to calculate the percentage of the population of children in Japan who can access nurseries providing services for children with mild acute illnesses within 15 to 30 minutes and compared this with the proportion of children living within a linear distance of 10 km of such nurseries. Of the 4,987,706 children younger than 5 years in 2015, 51.7% lived in areas from which the nearest nursery for children with mild acute illness was accessible within 0-15 minutes by automobile. In addition, 81.5% lived within 0-30 minutes of such nurseries, and the same percentage (81.5%) lived within a linear distance of 10 km of such nurseries. Both calculation methods (travel time and linear distance) showed inter-regional differences in accessibility, and the proportion of children with access to these nurseries was higher in heavily populated regions (e.g., Kanto and Kinki) than in less populated regions (e.g., Hokkaido and Tohoku). Children and caregivers throughout Japan should have equal access to these nurseries, because the national government subsidizes such services.

PMID: 29984737 [PubMed - in process]

https://ift.tt/2L1fUtB

Oedème pulmonaire lésionnel par inhalation de vapeurs d’acide phosphorique traité par vni.

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Oedème pulmonaire lésionnel par inhalation de vapeurs d’acide phosphorique traité par vni.

Ann Burns Fire Disasters. 2017 Dec 31;30(4):278-280

Authors: Siah S, Nakkabi I

Abstract White phosphorus injuries are considered both thermal and chemical burns. They should be well known, especially in military and terrorism contexts. This type of burn causes a life-threatening systemic toxicity from hypocalcemia, cardiac arrhythmia and respiratory complications by inhalation of phosphoric acid vapours. We report a case of a non-cardiogenic pulmonary edema complicating a white phosphorus burn in a young serviceman.

PMID: 29983682 [PubMed]

https://ift.tt/2mbKWkB

Effect of thyroid shielding during mammography: measurements on phantom and patient as well as estimation with Monte Carlo simulation.

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Effect of thyroid shielding during mammography: measurements on phantom and patient as well as estimation with Monte Carlo simulation.

Eur Radiol Exp. 2018 Dec;2:14

Authors: Pyka M, Eschle P, Sommer C, Weyland MS, Kubik R, Scheidegger S

Abstract Background: During mammography, the thyroid is exposed to scattered radiation from breast tissue and the device. This may increase the risk of radiation induced thyroid cancer. Methods: We investigated the scatter radiation exposition of the thyroid and the effect of a tailored thyroid protection in phantom and patient as well as by using Monte Carlo simulation (MCS). The protective effect of a modified thyroid protection, the relevance of the protective effect and acceptance by patients have been investigated. Results: Phantom and patient measurements provided higher values for the surface dose at thyroid position than expected from MCS (phantom 0.32 mGy; patients 0.38 mGy; MCS 0.16 mGy). Phantom measurements indicated scatter contributions from both breast tissue and collimator/tube system. The value found in our patient study is within the range of the literature (0.22-0.39 mGy). The thyroid protection significantly reduced the surface dose but the dose (0.016 mGy) was higher than that expected from the lead equivalent value. However, the impact of the collar to the effective dose was small (< 4%). The collar was not visible on mammograms. Conclusions: Scatter from the collimator/tube system contributed with 50% to the thyroid dose. Due to the relative small fraction of dose deposited in the thyroid when compared to the mean glandular dose to the breast, a collar is not mandatory in general. Not being associated with the risk of obscuring parts of mammograms, such a collar may be used for young women considering their higher radio sensitivity.

PMID: 29984353 [PubMed]

https://ift.tt/2znaAfC

Treatment outcomes of radiotherapy for anaplastic thyroid cancer.

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Treatment outcomes of radiotherapy for anaplastic thyroid cancer.

Radiat Oncol J. 2018 Jun;36(2):103-113

Authors: Park JW, Choi SH, Yoon HI, Lee J, Kim TH, Kim JW, Lee IJ

Abstract PURPOSE: Anaplastic thyroid cancer (ATC) is a rare tumor with a lethal clinical course despite aggressive multimodal therapy. Intensity-modulated radiotherapy (IMRT) may achieve a good therapeutic outcome in ATC patients, and the role of IMRT should be assessed. We retrospectively reviewed outcomes for ATC treated with three-dimensional conformal radiotherapy (3D-CRT) or IMRT to determine the optimal treatment option and explore the role of radiotherapy (RT). Materials and. METHODS: Between December 2000 and December 2015, 41 patients with pathologically proven ATC received RT with a sufficient dose of ≥40 Gy. Among them, 21 patients (51%) underwent surgery before RT. Twenty-eight patients received IMRT, and 13 received 3D-CRT. Overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS), patterns of failure, and toxicity were examined. RESULTS: The median follow-up time for survivors was 38.0 months. The median and 1-year OS and PFS rates were 7.2 months and 29%, 4.5 months and 15%, respectively. Surgery significantly improved the prognosis (median OS: 10.7 vs. 3.9 months, p = 0.001; median PFS: 5.9 vs. 2.5 months, p = 0.007). IMRT showed significantly better PFS and OS than 3D-CRT, even in multivariate analysis (OS: hazard ratio [HR] = 0.30, p = 0.005; PFS: HR = 0.33, p = 0.005). Significantly higher radiation dose could be delivered with IMRT than 3D-CRT (EQD210 66 vs. 60 Gy, p = 0.005). Only 2 patients had grade III dermatitis after IMRT. No other severe toxicity ≥grade III occurred. CONCLUSION: Patients with ATC showed better prognosis through multimodal treatment. Furthermore, IMRT could achieve favorable survival rates by safely delivering higher dose than 3D-CRT.

PMID: 29983030 [PubMed]

https://ift.tt/2u7enZg

head and neck; +108 new citations

108 new pubmed citations were retrieved for your search. Click on the search hyperlink below to display the complete search results:

head and neck

These pubmed results were generated on 2018/07/10

PubMed comprises more than millions of citations for biomedical literature from MEDLINE, life science journals, and online books. Citations may include links to full-text content from PubMed Central and publisher web sites.

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Future Oncology; +29 new citations

29 new pubmed citations were retrieved for your search. Click on the search hyperlink below to display the complete search results:

Future Oncology

These pubmed results were generated on 2018/07/10

PubMed comprises more than millions of citations for biomedical literature from MEDLINE, life science journals, and online books. Citations may include links to full-text content from PubMed Central and publisher web sites.

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Head and Neck Myxoma Presenting as Isolated Laryngeal Polyp.

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Head and Neck Myxoma Presenting as Isolated Laryngeal Polyp.

Case Rep Otolaryngol. 2018;2018:6868737

Authors: Panda S, Kumar R, Gopinath VR, Sagar P

Abstract Myxoma is a benign tumour with a propensity for local infiltration and recurrence. Laryngeal myxoma presents as a submucosal polyp. Being an uncommon tumour and mimicking vocal cord polyp, only anecdotal evidence is available in the literature. The literature was reviewed from 1986 onwards using the keywords "myxoma" and "larynx." The databases used were PubMed, Google Scholar, Scopus, and Web of Science. Along with this, we also report our case of vocal fold myxoma. We found a total of 19 studies reporting laryngeal myxoma. Laryngeal myxoma typically affects males in the 6th decade with a history of smoking. Unlike myxomas originating outside the larynx, recurrence is not widely described, and microlaryngeal surgery will usually suffice. Laryngeal myxomas should definitely be kept in the list of differential diagnosis when dealing with a benign-looking vocal fold lesion.

PMID: 29984026 [PubMed]

https://ift.tt/2m55LxK

Cigarette Smoke Exposure to Pig Larynx in an Inhalation Chamber.

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Cigarette Smoke Exposure to Pig Larynx in an Inhalation Chamber.

J Voice. 2018 Jul 05;:

Authors: Liu X, Mustonen A, Zheng W, Sivasankar MP, Durkes AC

Abstract OBJECTIVES: This study investigated the effects of cigarette smoke exposure on the pig larynx using an inhalation chamber. Specifically, we compared the effects of cigarette smoke exposure from either 3 cigarettes per day (3cd) or 15 cigarettes per day (15cd) for 20days. STUDY DESIGN: In vivo prospective design. METHODS: Female pigs were exposed via an inhalation chamber to cigarette smoke (3R4F research cigarettes) from 3cd (n = 6) or 15cd (n = 6) for 20days. Outcomes included histopathology of vocal fold and airway tissues; gene expression of interleukins, TNF-α, and VEGF; protein levels of TNF-α and IL-6; and number of coughs recorded in the chamber. RESULTS: Pigs exposed to cigarette smoke from 15cd exhibited mild vocal fold edema as compared to the 3cd group on histopathological evaluation. There was also minimal inflammation of nasal and tracheal tissue characterized by presence of more granulocytes in the 15cd group compared to the 3cd group. Cough frequency was significantly greater for the 15cd group compared to the 3cd group. CONCLUSIONS: A custom-designed large animal inhalation chamber successfully challenged pigs repeatedly, to varying levels of cigarette smoke. Future studies will combine such low levels of smoke exposure with other common challenges such as acid reflux to understand the multifactorial causation of laryngeal pathologies.

PMID: 29983221 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]

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An Aerodigestive Approach to Laryngeal Clefts and Dysphagia Using Injection Laryngoplasty in Young Children.

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An Aerodigestive Approach to Laryngeal Clefts and Dysphagia Using Injection Laryngoplasty in Young Children.

Curr Gastroenterol Rep. 2017 Nov 06;19(12):60

Authors: Miglani A, Schraff S, Clarke PY, Basharat U, Woodward P, Kang P, Stevens L, Woodward J, Williams H, Williams DI

Abstract PURPOSE OF REVIEW: Our objective is to summarize the presentation, diagnosis, and management of mild laryngeal clefts in children. We focus on deep interarytenoid notches (DIN), a subclassification of type 1 laryngeal clefts (LC1), and review the literature and our multidisciplinary experience utilizing injection laryngoplasty (IL). RECENT FINDINGS: DIN is a mild form of LC1 and is considered a normal anatomical variant. Recent cohort studies demonstrate IL to be a safe, low-risk, and efficacious treatment of LC1, but few studies focus on DIN. We present results from two aerodigestive clinic (ADC) pilot studies at our institution, in patients 1-3 years old, with DIN-related dysphagia and aspiration (DA). Feeding, respiratory-related symptom scores, and aspiration/penetration assessed on modified barium swallow (MBS) significantly improved following combined IL and feeding therapy using a thickener weaning protocol (TWP). Subgroup analysis reveals combined IL and TWP to be particularly effective in patients with severe baseline DA. Multidisciplinary aerodigestive evaluation and management with IL and feeding therapy focused on weaning levels of thickener is emerging as a novel and effective approach for treatment of DIN-related DA in young children. Further comparative, prospective trials investigating effects of IL and feeding therapy are required to validate results.

PMID: 29105033 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]

https://ift.tt/2j4ZrIl

Functional outcomes and quality of life after total laryngectomy with noncircumferential radial forearm free tissue transfer.

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Functional outcomes and quality of life after total laryngectomy with noncircumferential radial forearm free tissue transfer.

Head Neck. 2017 Nov;39(11):2319-2328

Authors: Graville DJ, Palmer AD, Chambers CM, Ottenstein L, Whalen B, Andersen PE, Wax MK, Cohen JI

Abstract BACKGROUND: The purpose of this study was to compare long-term functional and quality of life (QOL) outcomes after total laryngectomy with primary closure and those who underwent reconstruction with noncircumferential radial free forearm tissue transfer (RFFTT). METHODS: Sixty-seven patients were identified by chart review and underwent long-term follow-up using QOL surveys and standardized interviews. RESULTS: The RFFTT group had significantly higher rates of chemotherapy, gastric tube (G-tube) at surgery, and postoperative stricture. At follow-up, most patients (88%) had a tracheoesophageal prosthesis (TEP) and were using it as their primary communication method. Diet and swallowing outcomes were comparable and no one had a G-tube. Device life and TEP complications did not differ significantly. Only voice-related QOL differed significantly between the RFFTT group and those who had undergone total laryngectomy without adjuvant treatment. CONCLUSION: Despite more extensive treatment, the reconstructed group achieved comparable outcomes to those who had undergone total laryngectomy with adjuvant treatment.

PMID: 28837753 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]

https://ift.tt/2wDU8W3

Innervation of the human posterior cricoarytenoid muscle by the external branch of the superior laryngeal nerve.

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Innervation of the human posterior cricoarytenoid muscle by the external branch of the superior laryngeal nerve.

Head Neck. 2017 Nov;39(11):2200-2207

Authors: Uludag M, Aygun N, Kartal K, Besler E, Isgor A

Abstract BACKGROUND: The posterior cricoarytenoid muscle is the abductor muscle for the vocal cords and is innerved by the recurrent laryngeal nerve (RLN). The purpose of this study was to present our determination if the external branch of the superior laryngeal nerve (SLN) contributes to the motor innervation of the posterior cricoarytenoid muscle. METHODS: We performed electromyographies (EMGs) via needle electrodes on 47 posterior cricoarytenoid muscles from 28 patients during thyroidectomy (9 lobectomies and 19 total thyroidectomies) with intraoperative neural monitoring. The RLN, vagus nerve, and external branch of the SLN were stimulated intraoperatively and the responses were evaluated by EMG. RESULTS: Positive EMG responses were obtained from 16 (34%) of 47 posterior cricoarytenoid muscles after external branch of the SLN stimulation. The EMG of the posterior cricoarytenoid muscle was unilaterally positive in 8 of 19 patients (42%) with total thyroidectomy, and 2 of 19 patients (10.5%) were bilaterally positive. CONCLUSION: The external branch of the SLN contributes to the ipsilateral posterior cricoarytenoid muscle innervation in one-third of the cases. This contribution is usually unilateral, but is occasionally bilateral.

PMID: 28815834 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]

https://ift.tt/2wVQtQl

Correction: Combining molecular and immunohistochemical analyses of key drivers in primary melanomas: interplay between germline and somatic variations.

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Correction: Combining molecular and immunohistochemical analyses of key drivers in primary melanomas: interplay between germline and somatic variations.

Oncotarget. 2018 Jun 19;9(47):28798

Authors: Bruno W, Martinuzzi C, Dalmasso B, Andreotti V, Pastorino L, Cabiddu F, Gualco M, Spagnolo F, Ballestrero A, Queirolo P, Grillo F, Mastracci L, Ghiorzo P

Abstract [This corrects the article DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.23204.].

PMID: 29983899 [PubMed - in process]

https://ift.tt/2JaoroU

Correction: Targeting Hsp27/eIF4E interaction with phenazine compound: a promising alternative for castration-resistant prostate cancer treatment.

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Correction: Targeting Hsp27/eIF4E interaction with phenazine compound: a promising alternative for castration-resistant prostate cancer treatment.

Oncotarget. 2018 Jun 19;9(47):28797

Authors: Ziouziou H, Andrieu C, Laurini E, Karaki S, Fermeglia M, Oueslati R, Taieb D, Camplo M, Siri O, Pricl S, Katsogiannou M, Rocchi P

Abstract [This corrects the article DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.20469.].

PMID: 29983898 [PubMed - in process]

https://ift.tt/2NEbDKY

Correction: Genipin suppresses colorectal cancer cells by inhibiting the Sonic Hedgehog pathway.

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Correction: Genipin suppresses colorectal cancer cells by inhibiting the Sonic Hedgehog pathway.

Oncotarget. 2018 Jun 19;9(47):28796

Authors: Kim BR, Jeong YA, Na YJ, Park SH, Jo MJ, Kim JL, Jeong S, Lee SY, Kim HJ, Oh SC, Lee DH

Abstract [This corrects the article DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.21882.].

PMID: 29983897 [PubMed - in process]

https://ift.tt/2J9TZLH

Induction chemotherapy reduces extracellular heat shock protein 72 levels, inflammation, lipoperoxidation and changes insulin sensitivity in children and adolescents newly diagnosed with acute lymphoblastic leukemia.

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Induction chemotherapy reduces extracellular heat shock protein 72 levels, inflammation, lipoperoxidation and changes insulin sensitivity in children and adolescents newly diagnosed with acute lymphoblastic leukemia.

Oncotarget. 2018 Jun 19;9(47):28784-28795

Authors: Trussardi Fayh AP, de Carvalho Gomes C, Schroeder HT, Henrique de Lemos Muller C, Maria de Araújo Moura Lemos T, Krause M

Abstract Background: Acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) is associated with higher levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines and oxidative stress. Recently, the levels of extracellular heat shock protein 72 (eHSP72) were found to be elevated in ALL, and its elevation associated with poor prognosis. Therefore, considering the possible role of eHSP72 as a modulator of the immunological system and metabolism, the aim of this study was to describe the response of eHSP72 to the induction phase of chemotherapy, along with metabolic, inflammatory and oxidative stress markers, in children and adolescents newly diagnosed with ALL. Methods: Nineteen patients were recruited and analysed before and after the induction phase of chemotherapy (with 28 days of duration). Blood samples were taken for the analysis of C-reactive protein (CRP), levels of lipoperoxidation, insulin (and HOMA-IR), cortisol, glucose, lipid profile and eHSP72. Results: We found that induction phase of chemotherapy leads to a drop in glucose levels (from 101.79±19 to 75.8±9.7 mg/dL), improvements on inflammation (CRP levels, p<0.01) and oxidative stress (TBARS levels, p<0.01), reduction on eHSP72 (p=0.03) and improved insulin sensitivity (HOMA-IR, p=0.02). Conclusion: Our results indicate that eHSP72 may have an immune and metabolic role and could be used as a marker of the treatment success and metabolic changes in children with ALL.

PMID: 29983896 [PubMed]

https://ift.tt/2NBFXpA

Chemical exchange saturation transfer MRI serves as predictor of early progression in glioblastoma patients.

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Chemical exchange saturation transfer MRI serves as predictor of early progression in glioblastoma patients.

Oncotarget. 2018 Jun 19;9(47):28772-28783

Authors: Regnery S, Adeberg S, Dreher C, Oberhollenzer J, Meissner JE, Goerke S, Windschuh J, Deike-Hofmann K, Bickelhaupt S, Zaiss M, Radbruch A, Bendszus M, Wick W, Unterberg A, Rieken S, Debus J, Bachert P, Ladd M, Schlemmer HP, Paech D

Abstract Purpose: To prospectively investigate chemical exchange saturation transfer (CEST) MRI in glioblastoma patients as predictor of early tumor progression after first-line treatment. Experimental Design: Twenty previously untreated glioblastoma patients underwent CEST MRI employing a 7T whole-body scanner. Nuclear Overhauser effect (NOE) as well as amide proton transfer (APT) CEST signals were isolated using Lorentzian difference (LD) analysis and relaxation compensated by the apparent exchange-dependent relaxation rate (AREX) evaluation. Additionally, NOE-weighted asymmetric magnetic transfer ratio (MTRasym) and downfield-NOE-suppressed APT (dns-APT) were calculated. Patient response to consecutive treatment was determined according to the RANO criteria. Mean signal intensities of each contrast in the whole tumor area were compared between early-progressive and stable disease. Results: Pre-treatment tumor signal intensity differed significantly regarding responsiveness to first-line therapy in NOE-LD (p = 0.0001), NOE-weighted MTRasym (p = 0.0186) and dns-APT (p = 0.0328) contrasts. Hence, significant prediction of early progression was possible employing NOE-LD (AUC = 0.98, p = 0.0005), NOE-weighted MTRasym (AUC = 0.83, p = 0.0166) and dns-APT (AUC = 0.80, p = 0.0318). The NOE-LD provided the highest sensitivity (91%) and specificity (100%). Conclusions: CEST derived contrasts, particularly NOE-weighted imaging and dns-APT, yielded significant predictors of early progression after fist-line therapy in glioblastoma. Therefore, CEST MRI might be considered as non-invasive tool for customization of treatment in the future.

PMID: 29983895 [PubMed]

https://ift.tt/2L4z66u