Cuddle up to the naked mole rat (Heterocephalus glaber)! Native to parts of eastern Africa, including Kenya and Ethiopia, these rodents inhabit underground burrows. They typically live in colonies of around 70 individuals—but they've been spotted in groups that near 300! To keep warm, they huddle together for body heat, often seeking out tunnels that lie close to the surface and are heated by the Sun. Did you know? Naked mole rats have the longest lifespans of all rodents, sometimes living for up to 30 years!
Around 8% of human DNA is made up of genetic sequences acquired from ancient viruses. These sequences, known as human endogenous retroviruses (or Hervs), date back hundreds of thousands to millions of years – with some even predating the emergence of Homo sapiens.
Our latest research suggests that some ancient viral DNA sequences in the human genome play a role in susceptibility to psychiatric disorders such as schizophrenia, bipolar disorder and major depressive disorder.
Hervs represent the remnants of these infections with ancient retroviruses. Retroviruses are viruses that insert a copy of their genetic material into the DNA of the cells they infect.
A Belousov–Zhabotinsky reaction, or BZ reaction, is one of a class of reactions that serve as a classical example of non-equilibrium thermodynamics, resulting in the establishment of a nonlinear chemical oscillator.
Cookiecutter sharks are well known for feeding on large animals, and leaving a cookie-cutter-shaped wound, hence that comically name. These are small and dark sharks, typically found in deep tropical and subtropical waters. Despite their small size, these sharks can pose a significant threat, although rarely. Of the seven reported cookiecutter shark attacks on humans worldwide, six occurred in Hawaiʻi. A new research connect the interactions between cookiecutter sharks (Isistius brasiliensis) and humans, particularly among channel swimmers in Hawaiʻi. The study showed how environmental conditions such are moonless night can increase the likelihood of these attacks.
- swimmer bitten twice by cookiecutter sharks.
The nocturnal feeding behavior and zoogeographical habitat of cookiecutter sharks greatly reduces interaction of this species with live humans. However, the growing popularity of channel swimming in Hawaiʻi and swim start times have contributed to an increasing likelihood of live human and cookiecutter shark, according to the researchers, moonless night sky is a significant risk factor for night swimmers.
Photo by Will Stahnke
Reference (Open Access): Minaglia & Liegl 2024. Moonless night sky increases Isistius species (cookiecutter shark) and live human contact. PLoS ONE
Since Venus formed at the same time as Earth and is similar in size, scientists believe it once had the same amount of water our planet does. Today, hellish Venus has hardly any water, a fact scientists have struggled to explain completely. (Image credit: NASA; research credit: M. Chaffin et al.; via Gizmodo)
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