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Woman Who Can Smell Parkinson’s Helps Develop Test
Joy Milne, 72, from Perth, Scotland, has a hyper-sensitive sense of smell, allowing her to be able to smell Parkinson’s disease, which progressively damages parts of the brain over many years.
She discovered her unusual ability when her late husband, Les, developed a different odour when he was 33. She described it as a ‘musky aroma’. That was 12 years before he was diagnosed with Parkinson’s. Les, who was a doctor, was determined to research the link between odour and Parkinson’s, and contacted Dr Tilo Kunath at the University of Edinburgh, who paired up with Professor Perdita Barran to begin the research. They determined that the reasons for a change in the scent of a person suffering the disease is due to a chemical change of the skin oil (sebum).
In the preliminary sessions, Milne was asked to smell T-shirts worn by people who had Parkinson’s and those who did not. She successfully identified all of the Parkinson’s patients, but told researchers that a member of the control group, a non-Parkinson’s patient, did smell like the disease. 8 months later, they were diagnosed with the disease.
Now, a team of researchers at the University of Manchester have developed a simple test involving a cotton bud swiped down the back of the neck that can identify those with Parkinson’s. The molecules on the cotton bud can be examined using mass spectrometry, which helps the diagnosis. This is a huge leap forward, as there is no definitive test for Parkinson’s, and a diagnosis is based on symptoms and medical history. Currently, there are no cures for Parkinson’s, but an early diagnosis can help begin the treatment early, lessening the speed of the deterioration.
Milne says she can sometimes smell that a person has Parkinson’s when walking down the street, but has been told by medical ethicists that she cannot tell them. She is continuing to work with scientists to see if she can smell other diseases, like cancer or TB, and hopes that one day her talent can be considered normal diagnosis.
Source: the Guardian, written by PA Media
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eve175 · 14 days
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Precious times
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Summary: You had never met Azriel's mother. You never dared to ask to come with him when he's visiting her. You discretly test the waters of this subject with him.
Words count: 1.7k
Warnings: slight angst, talking of Parkinson disease, mention of slight injuries
A/N: At your demand... here you go :)💕 I felt like being productive today, so a Azriel fic out, AND I'm going to go feed your deers @thehighladywrites 🤣
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The raw weather of Velaris winters engulfed your house briefly when your mate walked into your home. He took off his flying leathers in peaceful silence, as usual. The usual thud of his boots as he puts them down on the carpet announcing the end of his arrival routine. You smile as he gently wraps his arms around your hips, his chest pressed tightly onto your back as you are cooking dinner. He hummed and kissed your jaw softly, his cold lips brushing against your skin making you shiver. He giggles “I missed you today.”
“You always do, handsome.” You smile and slightly turn your head to him so you can kiss him. He kisses you back quickly before slightly pulling back as a smell hits his nose. He doesn’t say a word as you keep stirring the soup boiling in the cauldron and his eyes scan the kitchen. He spots a familiar book spread open on the countertop beside you. “Where did you find this..?” He whispers and frowns his eyes at you.
One thing you knew about the spymaster is that he hated when you were snooping around his stuff. Not that he had things to hide from you, simply there were things he wasn’t ready yet to talk about. “Oh, found this when I placed your folded laundry into your drawer. I thought a recipe from your mother’s cooking book would make you happy.” 
He tenses slightly, then rests his head on your shoulder. “It does, love. It does… Thank you.”
The both of you stay in silence as you keep following the recipe written in his mother’s handwriting. You had never met her since you and Azriel got together. You knew he visited her every year around Solstice, and on special occasions, but he had never offered you to join him. And you knew better than to push him into something. It would only make him shut up like an oyster. 
“Are you going to visit her at Rosehall soon? Solstice is coming.” You start off carefully. He simply nods, his nose snuggled in the curve of your neck.
“I’ve never met her before.” You simply state, testing the waters. He hesitates for a while, then speaks up. “Do you wish to?” 
You spin around and narrow your eyes “Why wouldn’t I? She’s your mother. The one that raised you to the man you are today.”  You smile softly and turn off the oven. You caress his cheek, feeling that there was something more he wasn’t telling you about this topic. 
He bites his tongue, and sighs, trying to release some tension from his knotted stomach. 
“It’s… a bit complicated. She has a disease. neuro-degenerative disease. Parkinson.” He states and places his hand on the one caressing his cheek.
You had never seen him on the verge of tears as he is now. “She can barely talk now, I don’t think you would like to meet her like that-” “Azriel… I just want to meet her and thank her, for you. She seems like such an amazing person…” “She looks just like you.” He admits, his voice shaky. He forces a smile and kisses your lips tenderly. He then whispers against your lips.  “Next week. I’ll bring you with me next week, so we can celebrate Solstice all together.” 
You had spent all week wandering around Velaris marketplace with Feyre, digging for the best gift for Azriel’s mother. You had settled your choice on a photo of you and Azriel on the day of your mating ceremony placed in a sculpted silver frame. You had bought her a set of blue sapphire earrings, matching Azriel’s siphons. You were anxiously looking down at the gift in your hands as your lover walked into your shared bedroom. “Love… I don’t want to put pressure on you…” “No, I want to go, Az, really. I just… I want to make a good impression on her.” I want to be good enough for you… 
He lifts your chin up between his fingers and brushes a strand of hair behind your pointed ear. “You don’t have to prove anything. Be yourself, you are perfect in every way, love. I love you. And… she already loves you…” He mutters, red painting his cheeks. 
“You talked about me?” You give him a teasing grin. He grabs you by the hips and leads you towards the balcony, ready for take-off. “A little. Ready?” He says before taking off abruptly, making you shriek and giggle as he holds you close to his chest, his body warm enough to block out the cold winter wind.
Rosehall was a lot smaller than what you imagined. A little cottage covered in vines and thorns. It must be an even more beautiful place in hot summer weather, when the roses are blooming on the residence walls and archway. 
When he walks inside the house, Azriel is immediately alerted by the nurses's voices coming from his mother's room. He quickly lets go of your hand but before he goes inside the room, a maid stops him gently. 
“What is it?! What’s wrong with her?!” He suddenly hears a slight groan of pain coming from behind the door the maid was preventing him from passing. “Stop it. You’re hurting her.” He snarls, his siphons glimmering and shadows covering his feet, ready to burst. 
“No, they’re healing her, Azriel.” The old maid, probably familiar with Azriel's protective nature over his mother at this point. You walk slowly towards your mate and place a comforting hand on his tensed shoulder. The nurse takes a softer tone when she notices the anger slightly vanishing from his hazel eyes with only your touch. “Her health is slowly deteriorating. She’s having to develop end-stage symptoms. Her coordination isn’t the best anymore, she’s having a lot of muscle rigidity and even her voice has started to change… We tried to write you a letter, Sir.” 
Azriel’s jaw clenches, and his fingers slightly twitch at the maid's words. An overflowing feeling of shame and self-loathing runs through the bond, making you feel it as if it were your own. Azriel had been busier than ever the past month, and there were piles of unread letters on his desks. The missive from Rosehall about his mother’s health had probably gotten lost in the piles of work on his desk. You squeeze your boyfriend’s hand, it wasn't his fault. 
Before you can tell him comforting words, the nurses come out of the room and smile politely at Azriel “Is she okay?” He asks. “She’s comfortable now. She has a light bruise on her hip, but nothing alarming.” The nurses smile and leave with Azriel's nod of dismissal, the maid moving to let him in.
The sight of the woman lying in bed almost struck you in place, if it wasn't for your mate’s hand pulling you inside. She was exactly like him. The same long eyelashes fluttering in front of the most beautiful shade of hazel eyes you had ever seen, except Azriel’s, those high cheekbones, that sharp jawline, and this smooth tan skin. It was literally how you had imagined her. Her son was definitely the exact perfect portrait of his mother. 
Azriel’s mother's eyes seem to light up, chasing those heavy clouds of tiredness from them, when she sees you moving from behind him. “Eve.” She tries to smile at you, barely able to do so, the muscles from her face tightly and painfully tensed up. 
Azriel sits beside his mother on the bed and kisses her cheek. He pulls you down on the end of the ridiculously large bed and squeezes your hand lightly. 
“Mother, this is Eve.” “The Eve.” She cuts him off, her voice strangely monotone, due to her sickness. Azriel chuckles, “Yes, mother. The Eve… And Eve, this is my mother, Ymir.”
Your heart swells with happiness when you realize how much your boyfriend must be talking about you if his mother considers you as ‘The Eve’. The three of you take the rest of the night easy, exchanging gifts and talking about mostly everything. It’s mostly you and Azriel doing the talking, as Ymir wasn’t feeling all too well. But you didn’t mind at all.
As it was getting quite late, and Ymir was starting to get tired after today’s events, she asked Azriel to tuck her in and play her a song on the big piano placed in the center of the room. A small smile lingers on your lips as you stand next to your mate on the piano seat. His fingers dance on the tiles as he plays a relaxing and comforting song, a song he had probably played thousands of times before, considering the fluidity and accuracy of his notes. As the song finishes he stands up and goes to kiss her forehead, his mother already deeply asleep. 
The both of you quietly make your way out of the house, and you feel the shields your mate had put up, without you even noticing, crumbling down when the front door closes. Tears start falling down his face, just like the snow from the night sky. You hug him tightly into your arms as he silently cries into your neck, his shoulders quivering with each sob. You can’t help but wonder how many times he had to deal with it on his own, how many times he broke down alone without anyone to hold him tight. You want him to know that you’re here, that you’ll always be, and that everything he’s feeling is okay.
“You’re not alone. I’m here.” His sobs get slightly louder, his neck burying even deeper into the crook of your neck. He tries to get lost in your calming scent and to get a grip on his shaky breathing. You stroke his hair slowly, patiently waiting for him to deal with every feeling he’s dealing with right now. “That part is always the hardest… I’m sorry…” “Don’t be. It’s okay to be sad, it’s completely normal, Az.” 
You stay there for a while longer, before he flies the both of you back in your house. The both of you quietly get ready for bed, and put on the matching pair of socks his mother had lovingly knitted. He nuzzles into your neck and holds you close. It felt so good to have someone at his side… He regrets not bringing you with him sooner on his visits. 
“I love you…” He whispers, his voice barely audible. “I love you too, Az.” You answer back before falling asleep.
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A/N: Azriel is a very complicated male to write about... there's not much we know about him, actually! Can't wait to see what Sarah J.Maas has planned for us in the next book, I hope we'll learn more about him. 💕😊
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mindblowingscience · 4 months
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As reported in the journal Science Advances, the findings create a foundation for a new area of investigation, fueled by the timely impact of environmental factors on human biology. “Parkinson’s disease has been called the fastest growing neurological disorder in the world,” says principal investigator Andrew West, professor in the pharmacology and cancer biology department at Duke University School of Medicine. “Numerous lines of data suggest environmental factors might play a prominent role in Parkinson’s disease, but such factors have for the most part not been identified.” Improperly disposed plastics have been shown to break into very small pieces and accumulate in water and food supplies, and were found in the blood of most adults in a recent study. “Our study suggests that the emergence of micro and nanoplastics in the environment might represent a new toxin challenge with respect to Parkinson’s disease risk and progression,” West says. “This is especially concerning given the predicted increase in concentrations of these contaminants in our water and food supplies.”
Continue Reading.
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bpod-bpod · 2 months
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Another Vulnerable Population
Study of different cell types in Parkinson's disease-affected brains reveals, in addition to dopaminergic neurons, another type called RIT2 neurons that are vulnerable to Parkinson's-associated molecular changes
Read the published research article here
Image from work by Qian Wang, Minghui Wang and Insup Choi, and colleagues
Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
Image originally published with a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY-NC 4.0)
Published in Science Advances, January 2024
You can also follow BPoD on Instagram, Twitter and Facebook
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justtothesea · 3 months
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personal stuff about being a carer pls feel free to ignore I just need to vent
some people in my life (friends/family) treat their work lives like this other secret identity that I couldn't possibly understand, because all I am is a carer.
like I can't empathise with their work hours or hard labour because I get to work from home - I don't have to deal with traffic or shady coworkers or long hours. I'm lucky. I "work" from home! and go to concerts whenever I want!
for years it's been like this. I am with the person I take care of 24/7, her disease is debilitating and incurable.
yeah, sometimes I *do* go out without her for a few hours to go see a show or visit my best friend, or go to therapy. (which, aside from therapy which is fortnightly and only for 50 minutes, i only go out without her like 2 or 3 times a *year*). and she *wants* me to do that.
I feel guilty and anxious and worry about it every time but also, I know i *need* it too. I've been taking care of her since I was 20 years old, and even a little younger than that - she was diagnosed when I was little and I was always aware that she would need me.
I love taking care of her and being with her. it's what I'm best at - but it's also taxing and I can't just go around to my siblings and say "man, you have no idea how hard my day was!" because they don't see what I do as real, valid work. It’s just what I'm *supposed* to do.
I get back injuries from lifting too. I get migraines from starting early too. only, my work is all day and night long and I get to be around my favourite person in the world every day. it doesn’t mean it isn't hard, or really scary sometimes. it is rewarding, but it's also stressful.
idk, I think therapy has helped me see it a little more clearly. I always felt inferior, like because I'm not doing a normal 9 to 5 or studying that I was really as lazy and useless as they subconsiously made me feel.
but I know what I do is worthwhile. I know it whenever I help her get dressed or brush her hair and she holds my hand.
it's the best job in the world.
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xerxesxerxesxerxes · 2 months
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https://alteritas.net/GXL/?p=5189
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marclegrand-pro · 3 months
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Découverte du CS 🤩 « la maladie n’est rien le terrain est tout » rien de tel pour éliminer et régénérer le corps. En savoir + contactez moi 👌
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harmeet-saggi · 4 months
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Reasons Why Your Hands Are Shaking
Have you ever experienced the unsettling sensation of your hands trembling uncontrollably? It's a phenomenon that can leave you feeling anxious, self-conscious, and seeking answers. Hand tremors, commonly known as shaky hands, can manifest for various reasons, and understanding the underlying causes is essential for finding effective solutions.
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didanawisgi · 1 year
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A Case Report: Multifocal Necrotizing Encephalitis and Myocarditis after BNT162b2 mRNA Vaccination against COVID-19
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dbluegreen · 11 months
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kp777 · 10 months
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careflick · 11 months
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What to Expect When Diagnosed with Parkinson’s Disease
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Parkinson’s disease occurs when cells in the brain that produce dopamine stop working or die, which affects coordination of body movements.
The early signs of Parkinson's disease can be subtle, including tremors, rigidity, slowness of movement, postural instability, and masked face.
Symptoms worsen over time, progressing through five stages. While there is currently no cure, treatment options include medication, physical therapy, occupational therapy, speech therapy, surgery, and lifestyle changes.
It's important to work closely with a healthcare professional to develop an individualized treatment plan that addresses specific symptoms and needs.
While Parkinson’s disease is a life-long condition, it usually takes time to get worse, and most people still have a normal life span with this condition.
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islamiyatsb · 1 year
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Everything comes from Allah - Muhammad Ali tells David Frost
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mindblowingscience · 7 months
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A new blood test that detects Parkinson’s disease, potentially establishing a way to diagnose the condition before nervous system damage worsens. The new blood-based diagnostic test would be a major advancement for Parkinson’s disease, which afflicts 10 million people worldwide and is the second-most common neurodegenerative disease after Alzheimer’s. “Currently, Parkinson’s disease is diagnosed largely based on clinical symptoms after significant neurological damage has already occurred,” says senior study author Laurie Sanders, an associate professor in the Duke University School of Medicine’s departments of neurology and pathology and member of the Duke Center for Neurodegeneration and Neurotherapeutics. “A simple blood test would allow us to diagnose the disease earlier and start therapies sooner,” Sanders says. “Additionally, a clear-cut diagnosis would accurately identify patients who could participate in drug studies, leading to the development of better treatments and potentially even cures.”
Continue Reading.
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news-wtf · 2 years
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She noticed that her late husband, Les, developed a different odour when he was 33 – 12 years before he was diagnosed with the disease, which leads to parts of the brain become progressively damaged over many years.
Milne, nicknamed “the woman who can smell Parkinson’s”, described a musky aroma, different from his normal scent.
Her observation piqued the interest of scientists who decided to research what she could smell, and whether this could be harnessed to help identify people with the neurological condition.
Years later, academics at the University of Manchester have made a breakthrough by developing a test that can identify people with Parkinson’s disease using a simple cotton bud run along the back of the neck.
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missoverlord · 1 year
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So... part of why I've been so hard to find lately is because I'm basically a caregiver for my mom who has both Multiple Sclerosis and Parkinson's. Recently she had a very severe MS flareup which has affected her cognitive functions, among other things.
The usual treatment to get the MS under control is steroids, very high dosages of them. After the initial flare things seemed to stabilize for like a week, one day she’s suddenly bouncing between catatonic and delirious. After spending the better part of a week in the hospital I got her back a couple of days ago. What happened? Until literally the last second, nobody knew, 'til I brought up the steroids again.
Turns out, steroid psychosis is a thing. High or prolonged use can trigger delirium, delusions, cognitive dysfunction and emotional disturbances. How the fuck does nobody mention this in the 30-odd years of seeking medical care for MS?! Thinking back, I don't think this was the first time steroids resulted in her going 'peculiar', but this is only the second severe flareup I've been a caregiver for.
I tend to hide the extended text for 'life' stuff, but this is fucking important. There's a limited awareness of this on the internet and much of it is in the context of fucking jokes.
Edit: Aaaand she’s in the hospital again. Relapse? Stroke? Too soon to say. GOD THIS MONTH HAS SUCKED.
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