TOMATOES: So long as it's not ones that have been introduced to the cold, you can literally take the seeds out (goop and all) and put it in soil, lightly cover with dirt, water and leave it. As it grows you will pretty much need to water it every other day but they're very good at letting you know. As soon as the leaves droop or curl a bit, water them and they'll be good again in an hour or so.
CATNIP: It just.... keeps... growing... and it multiplies.... easily. It should be the rabbits of the plant world. I find I prone the parent plant almost every other week because of how fast it grows. Some cuttings I place in water and they form roots in just a couple days. I still have the parent plant and now five babies from it. My plan is for a cat garden hopefully soon.
PEPPER: Similar to tomatoes, keep out of the cold, take the seeds inside and just plant it. Mine is 3 feet tall already after just a couple monthes.
These next ones take some before prep but once you do it they pretty much got it handled.
LEMON: To plant a lemon you do have to peel the seeds (thus may apply to all citrus fruits but I haven't found a lot of seeds in oranges and grapefruits yet to try). Once again, keep from cold, take out the seeds, and... peel them. This takes time and a careful hand. I use a sharp knife and lightly slice a line in the the seed and lift the outer layer up to peel it completely. It will be slippery at first and then a smooth hard seed inside. Those are what you plant. Once planted they germinate and sprout using various germination methods and grow and a steady rate. I currently have three saplings and a container of pre peeled seeds
DRAGONFRUIT: I was quite surprised by this one. I have neglected these seeds quite often and yet they're still going. I got the seeds by slicing the dragonfruit and putting it between paper towels and gentle smushing and rubbing it between them. The seeds separate on the paper and from there you can honestly leave them in the paper towel with a little water to germinate before planting. They grow like little cacti at first which is probably why they survive so long despite my forgetfulness to water them
Will let yall know if I learn more. Everything was planted indoors in rooms with large windows for light, nothing is outdoors at the moment.