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ficdirectory · 6 years

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The Crossing (Disuphere series #3) Chapter 14

Scene VIII: Because I Knew You

Dominique never dreamed she’d be at the point in her life, ten years later, where she’s sitting across the table from real live Jesus as he sketches. That this would be a regular thing they did, at least a couple times a week, if the weather held.

Looking at Jesus’s drawings has been fascinating and revealing. Dominique loves nothing more than paging through them and analyzing them. Telling him every single favorite aspect of all of them. There are a lot.

Today, when she asks to see what he’s drawing, he surprises her: “It’s kinda a weird day for me?”

“How so?” she wonders.

“Like...it’s the day thirteen years ago that…”

Just like that, it clicks. September 7th. The last day of the first week of third grade. She remembered coming home in from playing outside the next day and hearing the news reports while she, Mom and Dad had dinner that night. How her parents talked to her again about being aware of where she was. Not giving directions if somebody she didn’t know asked her. Not approaching anybody in a car, even if they knew her name. Not taking a ride from anybody she wasn’t expecting to.

“You know,” Jesus says, matter of fact.

“I remember, yeah. I saw the news the next night.”

But even Jesus going missing, even learning about and hearing new lectures about safety had not kept Dominique safe from the cool 19-year-old who loitered outside the community center where Dominique had cheerleading. The girl that learned Dominique’s name, asked questions about the High School Musical characters and songs Dominique loved. So that, a month later, when this girl was in tears, and needed a sitter for her kid...when she claimed she didn’t have a phone and asked to borrow Dominique’s...well, Dominique let her.

When she said they just lived around the corner, Dominique hadn’t even thought. In her newly-eleven-year-old mind, she was helping out a friend. But that girl wasn’t a friend. Not even close. Dominique learned that the hard way. And she regularly blamed herself for not listening to her parents and getting into a car with someone she didn’t know.

“I hate this day,” Jesus says quietly.

“I can imagine,” Dominique breathes, not ready to reveal just how much she can relate.

“Do you ever feel like you’re the dumbest person on the face of the earth?”

“More than you know,” Dominique nods.

“Like you’re a horrible person?” Jesus checks.

“Yup,” Dominique nods. “But if it were me?” she asks lightly. “Would you blame me? For being tricked? By an adult?”

“No. Not at all. I just think we’re harder on ourselves.”

Dominique blows out air. “Yeah.”

“He always told me I was stupid,” Jesus comments darkly. “Everything else that he did and it’s that that sticks out the most. It’s that that’s the hardest to fight.”

Dominique just listens. She understands - deeply - but she stays silent.

“So, I usually draw stuff…” he ventures, changing the subject abruptly. “Not people.”

“I noticed,” Dominique nods, easily going with Jesus as he veers.

“Well…” he shrugs, finally showing his sketchbook.

Dominique’s eyes widen. Jesus has drawn their arms as they’d been resting against the grain of the table. Her scarred one, covered by a Hermoine sweater and his bare forearm, two bracelets on his wrist. His arm is lying one direction, and hers is facing opposite. They aren’t close to touching. And Dominique’s breath catches as she squints, seeing that Jesus didn’t ignore her scars.

He didn’t over-exaggerate them, as some artists might. Jesus just saw them. Documented them as a part of her. She can’t explain it, but it makes her feel respected in a way she has not felt for many years.

“Do you hate it?” he asks, tentative. “‘Cause I can rip it up. Throw it out. Nobody has to see it.”

Dudley’s at attention at Jesus’s side. It’s like the dog’s tuned in to Jesus on a soul level. Like he knows that if Jesus starts talking about destroying his art, Dudley ought to pay attention.

“No. Please,” she says, before Dominique even knows she’s speaking. “I mean...can I keep looking at it? Do you mind?”

Jesus looks surprised but shakes his head no. “Go ahead. It’s fine with me,” he nods.

After a long silence, Dominique starts to speak. “Middle school art class, we were assigned to do portraits of the person across from us. It was a nightmare assignment for me, ‘cause my injuries made it hard to do anything like writing or drawing. And this teacher we had was all about realism. So I knew my drawing of this kid was gonna suck.”

“So, what happened?”

“Mine of the other kid got shown and nobody knew who it was supposed to be. Some kid said, ‘Is that even a person?’ and the kid I drew denied it was supposed to be them at all. And then the teacher showed the kid’s drawing of me...and there were no scars… And part of me was happy. ‘Cause the scars were new, and I was self-conscious as hell about them...but at the same time, I was like, keenly aware that, ‘That’s not me.’ Because this major part of me got left out… I don’t know. It was weird.”

Jesus swallows. Reaches down to pull off bracelets from his right wrist and lays his arm against the table again.

Dominique sees right away what she’s meant to see: the brutal scars from years of being chained. Studies them closely. Doesn’t look away.

“I hate these,” he confides. “Sometimes they actually hurt, which is so messed up…but if I showed them to somebody and they were like, ‘I don’t even see you like that,” it’d feel like What the hell? You’re not really seeing me.”

“Right. That’s what I’m saying. I don’t love all this,” Dominique gestures vaguely to her scars. “But it is a part of me. It means something that you didn’t ignore that. So thank you.”

“You’re welcome.”

“Sorry today sucks,” she offers. “Need a cookie and a frozen hot chocolate?”

Jesus makes a face. “Not really hungry.”

“Seriously. Are you okay?”

He shrugs. “I don’t feel like I can move.”

Dominique’s alarmed, but doesn’t show it. “Dudley. Help him.”

Dudley hasn’t left Jesus’s side, and is pulling at his leash.

“Let’s walk around,” Dominique suggests. “You want to?”

“Yeah, but I feel stuck,” Jesus admits.

“You’re okay. You’re with me and Dudley in Avoidance,” Dominique reassures. Slowly, Jesus stands up and walks with Dudley. Dominique at his side, not touching him.

“Too real?” she asks.

“It’s just today. Sometimes it still feels really vivid. Like I’m there. And I don’t usually show my own scars, because they trigger me,” he allows.

“You didn’t have to show me, Jesus,” Dominique says, serious.

“I know. I wanted to.”

“Even though?” she asks.

“Yeah. It’s my choice.”

“Okay. It is. But, just saying, you don’t need to prove anything to me. Solidarity or whatever. I believe you, even if you never take your bracelets off.”

“Do you think I’m a dumbass?” he asks, shaky.

“Do you think I am?” she asks. “Hypothetically. Would you blame me?”

“No,” he says, fast. Sure.

“Because being tricked by an adult when you’re still a child is always on that adult. Because they’re the ones who know better.”

“But my parents told me. They warned me.”

“It’s not your fault,” Dominique offers, feeling a chill over her body. Wondering how that’s possible when Jesus is right here in front of her.

“It’s hard to believe,” Jesus admits. “And that feels so messed up because it’s been so long.”

“Not so long,” Dominique says softly.

“No?”

Dominique shakes her head. “So why’d you decide to draw us?”

“Because people are hard. Complex. There are a million little details that go into drawing a person’s hands. They’re super personal, but they’re also anonymous, so it’s not like it’d be outing us if anybody else saw this sketch.”

“You used to only draw stuff?” she checks.

“Yeah, until I met this really cool wizard. Then things started to change.”

Dominique thinks back to her own words as Hermione to her mom, about hoping to do some good in the world. She thinks it might be happening. She holds her breath. Finally, she can’t resist anymore and asks, timid: “For the better, I hope?”

Jesus looks her in the eye. “Definitely, for the better.”

#fic: the crossing

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utwatergroup-blog · 4 years

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Town Lake’s Algal Bloom

By Benton Banowsky

Lady Bird Lake, more commonly known as Town Lake by Austinites, experienced a harmful algal bloom between July and November 2019. When cyanobacteria, also called blue-green algae, produce toxins, it is called a harmful algal bloom. Blue-green algae is common in Austin and worldwide. There are many types of blue-green algae and only some species can produce toxins. Blue-green algae tends to be more prevalent in late summer and early fall. It thrives when temperatures are hot, nutrients are high, and flow is low. Zebra mussels, flooding during the fall of 2018 and climate change are potential contributing factors. Reportedly, there were five dogs that died after swimming in Lake before the public was made aware of the harmful algae. Due to this recent crisis, I decided to investigate how the toxic blue-green algal bloom had affected the routines of people at my individual research fieldsite, Town Lake at Auditorium Shores in Austin, Texas. The sections of Town Lake and Auditorium shores that I visited, observed, and studied are located east of the South Lamar Boulevard bridge, west of the South 1st Street bridge, south of West Cesar Chavez Street, and North of West Riverside Drive.

Town Lake is a river-like reservoir on the Colorado River in Austin, Texas, that runs parallel to downtown. The City of Austin created the reservoir in 1960 as a cooling pond for the now-defunct city power plant. The surface area of the lake is 416 acres and it is currently used primarily for recreation and flood control. Auditorium Shores is a bordering greenspace or public recreational area that contains a section of Austin’s Ann and Roy Butler Hike-and-Bike Trail, a partially enclosed off-leash dog park, a nonoperational boat ramp, two wooden dock-like structures, and several large grassed fields. At this site, between the trail and the water’s edge, Austin’s Watershed Protection Department maintain several long stretches of Riparian/Grow Zones.

There are numerous points where one can access the areas of Town Lake, Auditorium Shores, and the surrounded trails. I am a frequent user of this site, taking my dog here for two to three hours a day, three to four days a week during the summer months, and when I arrived here for my research, I did so as if I were coming here with my dog as usual. On the day that I took fieldnotes here, the sun was out, and temperatures were comfortable, somewhere between 70 and 80 degrees with a slight breeze. Upon parking on West Riverside Drive, east of South Lamar Boulevard, I exit my car and head eastward along the sidewalk towards one of the trailheads, about fifty yards away. It was around 2:00 PM. Along this section of sidewalk are a few benches, q water fountains, trashcans, and a dog-bag receptacle. There is also a small area with pullup bars. As I reach the trailhead, I take the path westward towards Auditorium Shores and the dog park, hooking around the large stone wall barrier and foliage that stretch along the entire trail. Along the approximately 200-yard walk, there were people walking and running on the trail and others sitting on benches that face the water. There was also someone fishing underneath the South Lamar Boulevard bridge, standing a few feet away from the trail.

Once I arrived at the Auditorium Shores dog park, there were people walking, running, and biking along the trail. The exercising here is an individual as well as a group activity. Somewhat rare from my experience, there are people fishing on the shores, more commonly I see them in boats. Canoeing and kayaking is very popular year-round along this stretch of the lake. I assume due to the algal bloom, or maybe the time of day, there were very few partaking in these activities. During the hot summer months, there can be hundreds of people out on the water for hours at a time; it is a very social activity. There are also ‘party barges’ that move through the space regularly. There are people simply relaxing, sitting on the benches, some napping. People come here during their lunch breaks to eat, families enjoy picnicking here. The dog park is very popular; people and their dogs come and go at all hours of the day. This site is a popular backdrop setting for special occasion photography – weddings, quinceaneras, prom, homecoming, etc. There are city workers present, working on various things, tasks, and duties. A wide range of age groups uses this space, however, mostly young-adults and senior citizens, not so many families, teenagers, or children. The family’s that use the site are usually passing through while exercising. The users of the space are very diverse ethnically and racially, possibly not economically due to the site’s proximity to downtown. The users of the space seem to interact depending on their activities – dog owners are more social, while individual exercisers tend to keep to themselves, overall there is a sense of neighborliness and friendliness in the space. The canoers and kayakers are especially sociable. The people onboard the barges also socialize with those they can reach vocally. Generally, the space is being openly shared by all the users as they enjoy themselves while doing their respective activities. The site is public, and no individual group of people is trying to take over the space, the concept of it being an equally shared space for everyone is acknowledged without having to be told.

The exercisers primarily use the trail, although some use the open fields. The canoers and kayakers primarily use the river’s water towards the middle and share the space with the ‘party barge’ patrons, people fishing, and dogs that swim near the shore (it is prohibited for people to swim in the river due to the usual current and debris at the bottom). The people who take their dogs here for exercise use the several grassed fields, sharing the space with people playing sports, people relaxing, and picnickers. The benches and tables places throughout the site are shared by various groups and used for sitting, eating, and even sleeping. From experience, the physical layout of the site encourages interaction and encounters with one another, however, it would not be difficult to keep to oneself if preferred.

Town Lake cuts down the middle of the site, flowing west to east. On both sides of the river are trails and green space; the south side of the river is where Auditorium Shores, our site, borders the water’s edge. A slight westerly breeze blowing against the water gave the illusion of the river flowing backward. The river’s normal eastward current was not perceivable at the time; it was the first time I have ever seen the water there so calm. There are sounds of nature present – birds singing, bugs chirping, leaves rustling in the wind. Depending on your proximity to the river and the water’s current, you can hear the water flowing. There are sounds of people socializing, a slight buzz of traffic noise, the crunching of bike tires rolling over the trail’s gravel pavement, and dogs barking. There is an overall sense of community here, a feeling of everyone being here because they want to enjoy themselves while being surrounded by nature.

When interviewing James Reed, a frequent user of the site, he shed light on how the blue-green algal bloom has affected people’s routines there. Asking him if the blue-green algal bloom had affected his routine of visiting Auditorium Shores, the trails around Town Lake, or Town Lake itself, he said, “Well for one, the [algal] bloom has kept me from bringing my dog to the dog park since it is an off-leash park and she loves the water, so she would want to go directly down to the shore and swim. At first, I was hesitant to bring my dog here to walk on the tails just in case she somehow got to the water and drank any, but since the weather has gotten colder I’ve started walking her here again because the algae can’t survive in water that isn’t hot, I think I saw that if the water is below 70 to 80 degrees the algae can’t survive. The [algal] bloom seems to have also kept people off the lake, like boating and fishing. This has made the social aspect of kayaking here less enjoyable, but it hasn’t kept me from coming here to kayak on weekends.” His testimony confirmed my original hypothesis that the algal bloom did, in fact, affect people’s routines at Auditorium Shores and Town Lake; furthermore, his answers and my past experiences and recent observations at the site showed how those routines were impacted – interaction between water and Austinites had decreased dramatically.

#ant324lanthropologyofinfrastructure2019

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captainlenfan · 5 years

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New Post has been published on http://websiteshop.network/episode-435-qa-with-robb-and-nicki-28-2/

Episode 435 – Q&A with Robb and Nicki #28

http://robbwolf.com/2019/07/12/episode-435-qa-with-robb-and-nicki-28/

We’re back with more of the Q&A you crave! Episode 435, Q&A #28

Submit your own questions for the podcast at: https://robbwolf.com/contact/submit-a-question-for-the-podcast/

If you want to see the video for this podcast, be sure to check out our YouTube channel.

Show Notes:

1. Overeating On Keto [2:08]

Steve says:

Hi Rob,

I don’t want to take too much of your time. But going Keto for me has found me doing exactly what I feared I could do. I have been Paleo for five or six years and so has my wife. We have no kids at home so grains and junky carbs are not and issue or even a temptation. I am in the middle of doing the keto masterclass, which I am savouring because I have been making some mistakes.

I am 50 years old and work out regularly doing either mixed kettlebell workouts or if I do weight and resistance training at the moment I like to do whole body workouts 3 X a week and can mix in some cardio in between. I have kept fit most of my life, my goal is as I age to stay lean and keep mobile. Pretty simple goal.

We live in Perth in Western Australia so we have great weather and lots of sun. I work as a gardener in a private school, a job I love doing as I’m outside and moving all day, not as hard as say some sort of construction worker but that can happen on a given day just not every day.

Coming from eating paleo the transition for me has been pretty easy. As I went low carb and increased the fat I was eating my wife liked the sound of it so she hopped on board. She is doing great and in fact better than me. We aren’t really that worried about measuring ketones at this stage, it has been more about getting the diet right.

My issue is, I love the food. For some reason it has made me hungrier. Stocking our fridge and cupboards I made sure that we had all we needed and I wanted to see what I liked to eat also.

So I have blown it on all sorts of things. I have had days where I ate too much thickened cream, one tub has 800 calories and it is so easy to eat. I have blown it on nut butter and blown it on cheese. I can’t believe it.

At first it was wrapping my head around the fat content. I think I get it now. But I have put on body fat, which is so annoying. It’s not a train wreck but I feel like I am in a rut now and it’s hard to get out. I don’t want to quit because I can see and have felt the benefits. It’s just with the fat content and my physiology there seems to be no room for error.

I listen to your podcast and since listening I have gone to the ketogains website and worked out my macros. I was still tracking somewhat but some days I may have blown it by 5 or 6 hundred calories.

I have come so close to quitting as for me it seems to have been an easy way to get fat rather the leaner.

I’m not sure that you can help and not sure what else that I could tell you. Diet wise I have intermittent fasted for 3 or more years with differing protocols. Doing 16 – 20 hours is pretty comfortable. I workout in the mornings and often don’t eat until lunch time or when I get home from work.

My diet hasn’t changed too much except I have eaten cream, which I am now over. Adding more fat to my meals. Cooking in butter eating nuts and doing other keto style things. Apart from that my diet is still pretty primal. I love veggies. I have for years done a version of Mark Sisson’s big ass salad. Which would be my daily staple. Evening veggies could be broccoli with brussel sprouts maybe some Kale and mushrooms. Also we do milk Kefir but I try to keep that to a minimum.

If you have any suggestions that would be great. Are there others that have had this sort of issue, going keto has made them fatter?

Really enjoy your podcast and thanks for all of the really useful info that you have put out. I have also read your books.

Best regards

Steve

2. What’s Up With Fiber & Kids? [8:58]

Rory says:

As part of restoring my own gut health, I’ve used prebiotic fibers in various doses based somewhat on Grace Liu’s advice, and I’m curious if and when supplemental fiber would be beneficial for my daughter?

Again assuming that she started off at a disadvantage because of the antibiotics, it seems to follow logically that prebiotic fiber would help her gut bacteria develop, and increase her overall health and resilience.

Is that actually logical?

And are there any cautions? Is there a certain dose that’s age-appropriate, or do I just slowly increase until she has digestive upset?

Should I mix fibers in order to feed a variety of bacteria, or are there certain fibers that are optimal for a young gut (i.e. what would a cavebaby be most likely to eat chew on for fun?).

3. Tips For Increasing Testosterone [13:07]

Mads says:

Hey Robb,

In a previous Q&A, you talked about how muscle gain/hypertrophy is caused by calorie surplus and progressive overload. You also mentioned that gaining muscle is, without a doubt, easier if you have High testosterone. Calorie surplus and PO is easy, but how do I increase my testosterone? You mentioned that there are a number of different tactics that you can use?

My testosterone is not low, but definitely not high either. I’m 27 and my testosterone is 640 ng/dL and my free testosterone is 16.36

4. SHBG Elevated On Keto/Carnivore [19:47]

Eoin says:

Since switching to keto I’ve noticed an increase in SHBG levels which brings down my free test. Total test has stayed high normal but was wondering how functional it is with the free portion bound up. DHEA is a bit low too. I feel great all in all but was just wondering what your thoughts are on that

5. Are Chicharrones (pork rinds) a Healthy Snack? [22:47]

Isaac says:

Hi Rob,

Chicarones (pork rinds): are they a healthy snack?

I’ve heard you indirectly mention them on the podcast some time ago, but I wasn’t able to infer whether your opinion is favorable or cautionary.

I’m an ultra-runner, and during peak training season will spend about 20 hours per week running. In the bad old days I would top off my calories with a gigantic bowl of cold cereal in the evening, or an enormous serving of lentils and rice. But then I got woke, started monitoring my blood sugar, and started looking for low-carb options to fuel. I’m already having two salads each day, huge amounts of veggies, and as much meat as I can stomach. So I’m just looking for some calories to fuel the movement.

So are pork rinds okay? I avoid the flavored variety – the bags I buy just say “fried pork skin” on the ingredients list, and I dip them in sour cream. The best part is how easy it is to get an extra 1000 calories. And the flavor.

Am I headed towards clogged arteries? Are pork rinds actually healthy in the way that bacon is healthy…?

Thanks!! Love the show.

-Isaac

After submitting my question about whether pork rinds are an acceptable snack, I realized that Robb’s answer might be ‘we’d need to see your lab work’…

So, in case it is relevant (and in case my question is selected for the show), here are some details. (I’d be glad to share the rest of the lab results, if they’re relevant.) Thanks!

*****

Cholesterol, Total: 249 mg/dL

HDL: 71 mg/dL

Triglycerides: 71 mg/dL

LDL-Cholesterol: 161 mg/dL (calc)

Apolipoprotein A1: 186 mg/dL

Omega 3 (EPA+DHA) Index: 7.1 %

Omega 6 / Omega 3 ratio: 3.7

EPA/Arachidonic Acid Ratio: 0.4

EPA: 3.0 %

DHA: 4.1 %

Lipoprotein (a): 99 nmol/L

Apolipoprotein B: 107 mg/dL

Nonesterified Fatty Acids (Free Fatty Acids): 0.12 mmol/L

LDL Particle Number: 1149 nmol/L

LDL Small: 116 nmol/L

LDL Medium: 229 nmol/L

HDL Large: 5144 nmol/L

LDL Pattern: A

LDL Peak Size: 225.5 Angstrom

HS CRP: <0.2 mg/L

Where you can find us:

Submit questions for the podcast: https://robbwolf.com/contact/submit-a-question-for-the-podcast/

Transcript:

Download a copy of the transcript here (PDF)

Robb: Welcome back, wife.

Nicki: Hubs.

Robb: What’s new?

Nicki: A lot.

Robb: I always love asking that, because we just spin in the same four walls all day long.

Nicki: So, you know everything that’s new?

Robb: We have nothing new. Well, we’re in the process of packing, getting ready to move.

Nicki: Mm-hmm (affirmative). Kids are out of school.

Robb: Kids are out of school. So we’re swimming, and the kids are walking the dogs around on leashes, and basically torturing the animals. Nicki’s been watching the wild kingdom that is our backyard, and our cat slaughtering all of the baby birds in the backyard.

Nicki: We have this wonderful nest, a robin nest up in the tree, and I’ve been watching the parents come and feed the babies, and then yesterday morning there were no parents.

Robb: Silence.

Nicki: It was silent, and I think our cat slayed the whole family.

Robb: The cat’s been eyeballing this thing for probably a week, and I think he just waited for the baby birds to get fat enough to make it worth his while to climb the tree.

Nicki: Those ones I was particularly attached to, because I was watching them every day in the morning.

Robb: Oh, so the cat was pretty attached to them also.

Nicki: All right, let’s jump in on our questions. Okay. Let’s see. Our first question this week is from Steve. He says, “He keeps stuffing up and it’s driving me crazy. Hi, Rob. I don’t want to take too much of your time, but going keto for me has found me doing exactly what I feared I could do. I have been paleo for five or six years and so was my wife. We have no kids at home, so grains and junky carbs are not an issue or even a temptation. I’m in the middle of doing the keto masterclass, which I’m savoring, because I’ve been making some mistakes.

Nicki: 50 years old, workout regulAarly, doing, either mixed kettlebell workouts, or I do weight and resistance training. I like to do whole body workouts three times a week, and can mix in some cardio in between. I’ve kept fit most of my life and my goal is, as I age, to stay lean and keep mobile. Pretty simple.

Nicki: We live in Perth, in Western Australia, so we have great weather and lots of sun. I work as a gardener at a private school, a job I love doing, as I’m outside and moving all day. Not as hard as some sort of construction worker, but that can happen on any given day, just not everyday. Coming from eating paleo, the transition for me has been pretty easy. As I went low carb and increased the fat I was eating, my wife like the sound of it, so she hopped on board. She’s doing great, in fact, better than me.

Nicki: We aren’t really that worried about measuring ketones at this stage, it has been more about getting the diet right. But my issue is I love the food. For some reason, it has made me hungrier. Stocking our fridge and cupboards, I made sure that we had all we needed and I wanted to see what I liked to eat also. So I’ve blown it on all sorts of things. I’ve had days where I ate too much thickened cream, one tub has 800 calories, and it is so easy to eat. I’ve blown it on nut butter and blown it on cheese. I can’t believe it.

Nicki: At first, it was wrapping my head around the fat content, but I think I get it now. But I have put on body fat, which is so annoying. It’s not a train wreck, but I feel like I’m in a rut, and it’s hard to get out. I don’t want to quit, because I can see, I have felt the benefits. It’s just with the fat content and my physiology, there seems to be no room for error.

Nicki: I listened to your podcast, and since listening I’ve gone to the Ketogains website and worked out my macros. I was still tracking somewhat, but some days I may have blown it by 500 or 600 calories. I’ve come so close to quitting. As for me, it seems to have been an easy way to get fat rather than leaner. I’m not sure that you can help me, and I’m not sure what else I could tell you. Diet wise, I have intermittent fasted for three more years with different protocols. Doing 16 to 20 hours is pretty comfortable. I work out in the mornings, and I often don’t eat until lunch or when I get home from work.

Nicki: My diet hasn’t changed too much, except I’ve eaten cream, which I’m now over. Adding more fat to my meals, cooking in butter, eating nuts and doing other keto style things. Apart from that, my diet is still pretty normal. I love veggies. I have for years done a version of Mark Sisson’s, Big Ass Salad, which would be my daily staple. Evening veggies could be broccoli with brussels sprouts, maybe some kale and mushrooms. Also we do milk, kefir, but I try to keep that to a minimum.

Nicki: If you have any suggestions, that would be great. Are there others that have had this sort of issue where going keto has made them fatter? Really enjoy your podcasts, and thanks for all of the really useful info that you’ve put out. I’ve also read your books. Best regards, Steve.”

Robb: You know, it’s funny when we were going through this, when I saw stuffing it up, I thought it was going to be a sinus issue. Do you have any thoughts on this? Like shooting [inaudible 00:04:30]

Nicki: The thing is he didn’t mention protein at all, and he seems pretty focused on the fat, which as you talk about in the keto masterclass, fat is a lever. Protein is first, because it’s the most satiating macronutrient. You know, he says he’s hungry, so I’m wondering if he’s not getting enough protein.

Robb: Right, right. That’s kind of my first thought as well. The protein leverage hypothesis. It’s so hard to unpack this stuff, because a lot of people, if they come from a kind of a traditional western diet, they shift to low carb or even paleo, but let’s just say low carb. Instead of being on these carb roller coasters all the time, you just get this nice, even energy, even blood glucose levels. Whether it’s ketone fueled or not, it’s just like you’re not on the ups and downs. Generally, they notice that they’re not as hungry. But I think that that can kind of give way over time to being low protein.

Robb: Again, with that whole protein leverage hypothesis idea, whether you eat low carb or low fat, if you eat adequate protein, you’re probably going to be pretty good, you know, all other things being equal. But if you’re skinny on the protein, then your body is going to stimulate hunger and you’re going to tend to eat more food. There is kind of a reality that one of the dangers of kind of keto eating is that the bulk of the food is pretty calorically dense, you know? I mean, you could go pretty crazy on plain sweet potatoes or something like that. You know, I mean, just the calorie density is not any-….

Nicki: An extra wedge of cheese, depending on how you measure a wedge.

Robb: Right, yeah, wedge. Yeah.

Nicki: Is a significant number of calories.

Robb: A significant chunk of calories. So the protein would definitely be a thought. An additional thought, he seems to be kicking the bulk of his calories to later in the day. So I would, following a lot of Bill Lagakos’ work, and things that we’re learning around time restricted eating, I would try shifting more of the calories earlier in the day. All things being equal, it seems like people generally do better with that.

Robb: Then one final piece, is thinking about your electrolyte intake, in particular, sodium. So Tyler and Luis shot me an interesting paper the other day. So, there’s a lot of folklore in the keto world, which I kind of alluded to, that we get this kind of appetite suppressing effect while in ketosis and while fasting and stuff like that, and there’s definitely truth to that. But, when ketone salt had been studied, kind of head to head with ketone esters, it’s interesting, the esters produce higher levels of blood ketones, but they do not have an appetite blunting effect, not the way that ketone salts do.

Robb: Now, this is totally speculative, but one of the key features of ketone salts is they have a shit load of salt in them. We’ve often kind of joked that, you know, when people are like, “Man, I feel great using ketone salts.” It’s because they’re actually getting a decent wack of sodium, in particular, in addition to the other electrolytes. So, I would really be fastidious on protein, and then also make sure that you get at least that five grams per day of sodium specifically-

Nicki: Especially because you’re in a warm climate, you’re outside all the time, you’re … yeah.

Robb: Yeah. So those are some biggies in that. So I guess the three are be on point with protein, make sure that you’re getting your electrolytes addressed, and then finally, try shifting more of the calories earlier in the day, versus this later in the day eating schedule.

Nicki: Okay. So Steve, do all that, and then report back.

Robb: Ping back and let us know. Yep.

Nicki: Okay. So our next question is from Rory. “What’s up with fiber and kids?” Rory says, “As part of restoring my own gut health, I’ve used prebiotic fibers in various doses based somewhat on Grace Liu’s advice, and I’m curious if and when a supplemental fiber would be beneficial for my daughter?

Nicki: Again, assuming that she started off at a disadvantage because of the antibiotics, it seems to follow logically that prebiotic fiber would help her get bacteria develop and increase her overall health and resilience. Is that actually logical? Are there any cautions? Is there a certain dose that’s age appropriate? Or do I just slowly increase until she has digestive upset? Should I mix fibers in order to feed a variety of bacteria? Or are there certain fibers that are optimal for a young gut? I.e. what would a cave baby be most likely to eat or chew on for fun?”

Robb: Man, that’s a lot going on there. So, I think I’ve mentioned the Sonnenberg Lab a couple of times. I got to speak with Erica Sonnenberg at the event that Akil Palanisamy puts on each year with UCSF. They’ve done so many different things, but just consuming fermented food, this was one of the studies. Folks were consuming fermented food and they looked at their gut microbiome profile, the diversity, and the, you know, various ratios before and then during, and after the intervention of adding fermented foods like kimchi and sauerkraut, and stuff like that.

Robb: What was interesting is that the gut diversity increased while consuming the fermented food, but it wasn’t any of the bacteria that were part of the fermented food. It’s been understood for a long time, or at least somewhat understood, that that bacteria doesn’t necessarily play a role in populating the gut, at least not longterm, but it seems to tune the immune response, and perhaps creates an environment that’s more amenable for other organisms to occupy the space.

Robb: So that’s an interesting thing. It seems a little bit more holistic, and kind of leaves all the information processing up to the gut and the ecology of the gut, instead of trying to, you know, have this notion that we’re going to pinpoint, you know, fix anything that’s going on there. We’ve talked about this in previous episodes, supplementation with prebiotic fibers, it seems to be a little bit of a mixed bag. Some people do great with it, some people do terribly. The point about having a really diverse mixture I think makes a lot of sense.

Robb: Garden of Life, like Dr. Perlmutter’s prebiotic fiber, is a really nice spectrum. It has acacia in it, and lemon and orange peel pulp. It just has 20 different things in it. So, something like that could potentially be something that you add to maybe some apple sauce or something like that. I would probably keep the doses a little on the smaller side. I don’t know that I would really want to run a GI, you know, pressure test on that. But those are the things that I would noodle on with all that stuff.

Robb: If you’re doing white potatoes, cassava, white rice, going through the whole process of cooking it, chilling it, you know, improving the resistant starch profile, I think that stuff makes sense. But I would be a little bit careful doing outright supplementation beyond that. Do you have any additional thoughts?

Nicki: I got nothing.

Robb: Okay. Yeah. But our kids love both kimchi and sauerkraut. They eat it. If we put it out, they will eat it. We just sometimes, in putting out the meal, forget to, but most kids will gravitate towards that pretty well. So I think that that’s kind of a nice, simple baseline that you can have that-

Nicki: Just get the mild one.

Robb: Yeah, just get the mild one. Yeah, yeah. Every once in a while I mess up and get the red lid. Even though Sagan has a pretty spicy palateYup.

Nicki: Alrighty. Let’s see. Our next question is from Mads. Tips for increasing testosterone. “Hey, Rob. In a previous Q&A you talked about how muscle gain in hypertrophy is caused by calorie surplus and progressive overload. You also mentioned that gaining muscle is, without a doubt, easier if you have high testosterone. Calorie surplus and progressive overload is easy, but how do I increase my testosterone? You mentioned that there are a number of different tactics that you can use. My testosterone is not low, but it’s definitely not high either. I’m 27, and my testosterone is 640 nanograms per deciliter, and my free testosterone is 16.36.”

Robb: Man, this is a good question. So a young guy, it’s-

Nicki: His testosterone is lower than my dad’s.

Robb: Yeah, who’s 70.

Nicki: 70.

Robb: Yeah, yeah. Which he’s just kind of a stud, so you’re-

Nicki: Well, no, but, I mean, also, I know you’ve talked before about how our parents and grandparents generation, as a baseline, had higher testosterone than-

Robb: Yeah, Kirk Parsley has some numbers that he quotes that, my grandparents’ generation, both men and women, appeared to have testosterone levels about three times on average what we’re seeing today. So, yeah, I mean, it’s probably not optimal from a recovery standpoint. This is the thing, again, we don’t really know why this is changing. Is it xenoestrogens? Is it a change in the gut microbiome? Is it all of these things?

Robb: The stuff that can definitely help, usually something that looks kind of akin to a lower carb diet tends to help, because people lose body fat. It’s interesting, on the testosterone story, specifically with men, being super lean is antagonistic towards testosterone. So once you get below about 10%, maybe 8%, as a baseline, your testosterone will tend to start dropping because of some stress response issues.

Robb: Some people run leaner and high testosterone, but this is, again, you know, kind of generalization. But then once you start cresting up above maybe about 14%, 15% body fat, you have enough fat mass, which contains an enzyme called aromatase, which can convert the testosterone into estrogen. The interesting kind of downward spiral with that is the brain doesn’t sense testosterone levels, it senses estrogen levels.

Robb: So with estrogen levels are high, the brain says, “Oh, we’re good with testosterone, I don’t need to stimulate luteinizing hormone, and, you know, ping the Leydig cells to, you know, release the precursors and co-factors involved with the whole testosterone production cascade.”

Robb: So someone who is overweight will have low testosterone, which tends to feed into overweight, which then elevates their estrogen levels, which suppresses testosterone production at the brain. Then even if they go and get some sort of testosterone replacement therapy, if the doctor is ham-handed with this, they just give them a big huge dose of testosterone, which further suppresses indogenous testosterone production.

Robb: So, with someone like this, some things like zinc citrate have been shown to be pretty effective, about 50 milligrams per day. You have to be careful with doing that consistently, because it can deplete your copper levels.

Nicki: So when you say careful doing it consistently, like once a week? Every other day?

Robb: You could do it maybe four or five days on, and then take four or five days off, and or you could use a supplement like Jarrow’s zinc citrate, which comes with copper, five milligrams copper. So, that’s something to do, is to make sure that you’re supplementing with that. If your body fat levels are north of about 14, 15, if they’re in there, then I would try to do some things to get leaner and see if that improves testosterone levels.

Robb: Sleep is going to be a huge factor. So, what time are you going to bed? What time are you waking up? What’s the sleep quality? Completely black room.

Nicki: Getting in bed before midnight.

Robb: Earlier is better. Yeah, yeah.

Nicki: As many hours asleep before midnight as possible.

Robb: Yup, yup, ideally. Which is harder in the summer months, depending on where you are, and what latitude you’re at. But improving sleep, improving body composition. Those are the places that I would look first, and I would really dig into the diet and lifestyle features first and figure out what if any bump you can get from that.

Robb: Only then, if we aren’t seeing favorable changes, do we start working with a knowledgeable functional medicine doctor, like anti-aging doctor. Starting with things like Clomid and some mild aromatase inhibitors and stuff like that to try to goose endogenous production first. Particularly someone that’s 27, you do not want this person getting into a, you know, a testosterone replacement therapy scenario.

Robb: I guess one other question is for Mads, has he ever suffered a significant traumatic brain injury? Sometimes you may not be aware of that, but if you played youth football, if you played hockey, if you fell off of a trampoline. So this could be something too that is part of the sleep piece. If sleep seems to be pretty good, but, you know, everything isn’t really kicking over, then there can be some sleep studies, there can be some brain imaging and some testing to look at what’s going on between the pituitary and the other elements of the story. So that’s kind of getting in another layer.

Robb: It’s going to be awhile, but we will have some material that’s going to really help people unpack this stuff in a completely systematic process, because there’s so much shitty information on this and it’s so confusing and you need a lot of nuance. There is never a one size fits all approach on this, other than maybe sleep better. That’s about the only one that, you know, that’s going to benefit virtually everybody. But occasionally, you have these outliers of people who have a particular type of depression or mania and they actually benefit from certain periods of sleep deprivation.

Robb: So again, there’s an exception to fucking everything. This is why when people just paint everything with these broad brush strokes, there’s just seemingly an exception to everything. So yeah, I know that I was kind of all over the map on that, but it’s a lot of stuff. We’ll be doing some work with Kirk Parsley in the future to get some materials so that people can really navigate this story in an effective way.

Nicki: All right. Let’s see. Our next question is on sex hormone binding globulin elevated on keto carnivore, and this is from Ian, Ian. I’m not sure how to pronounce your name. Ian says, “Since switching to keto, I’ve noticed an increase in sex hormone binding globulin levels, which brings down my free test, total test, or free testosterone. So total testosterone has stayed high normal, but was wondering how functional it is with the free portion bound up? The AGA is a bit low too. I feel great, all in all, but I was just wondering what your thoughts are on that.”

Robb: Yeah, and so the previous question, I should’ve mentioned the sex hormone binding globulin story as well. It’s interesting, generally when insulin levels go down on a relative basis, we tend to see sex hormone binding globulin go up. What’s unclear about that, is it’s somewhat similar to thyroid, specifically T3, decreasing on low carb, because you need more thyroid hormone to process carbohydrate. If you’re eating fewer carbohydrates, thyroid decreases, but is that clinically significant? We just don’t really know.

Robb: Another piece of this whole kind of androgen story, and again, this is true whether you’re male or female, is that you may have a particular level of a hormone that may look kind of low, but you may have particularly high receptor site density or receptor site affinity. So a little bit of the hormone goes a long way. The flip side, is that you could have quite high hormone levels and low receptor site density and or affinity, and so you’re still not getting, you know, an effective kind of story.

Robb: I’m not entirely sure how to fully unpack that, doing some side of full body radio immunoassay to determine what your receptor site density is. Receptor types change moment by moment too, they come online and offline all the time. So yeah, I mean, I guess the best answer that I have with that is that we could play around with titrating in more carbs, start with 50 additional grams of carbs a day, stick it in the post-workout window. Do you feel better? For both men and women, do you experience better libido? For men, do you wake up with morning wood and stuff like that? Whereas, perhaps previously you did not.

Robb: If we see those things improve, then we might make a case that the insulin levels were suppressed beyond what may be beneficial. So, we may have been getting an unfavorable elevation in sex hormone binding protein or globulin, whatever they’re calling it these days. So, those are some things to play with on this. These are the, you know, last 10% things for most people that we have to devote some time to unpack.

Nicki: Okay. Let’s see. Our final question this week is on chicharrones.

Robb: Cha, cha, cha.

Nicki: From Isaac. “Hey, Rob. chicharrones, pork rinds, are they a healthy snack? I’ve heard you indirectly mention them on the podcast some time ago, but I wasn’t able to infer whether your opinion is favorable or cautionary. I’m an ultra runner and during peak training season we’ll spend about 20 hours per week running. In the battle days, I would top off my calories with a gigantic bowl of cold cereal in the evening or an enormous serving of lentils and rice. But then I got woke, started monitoring my blood sugar and started looking for low carb options to fuel.

Nicki: I’m already having two salads each day, huge amounts of veggies and as much meat as I can stomach. So I’m just looking for some calories to fuel the movement. So are pork rinds okay? I avoid the flavored variety, the bags I buy just say fried pork skin on the ingredients list and I dip them in sour cream. The best part is how easy it is to get an extra thousand calories, and the flavor. Am I headed towards clogged arteries? Or are pork rinds actually healthy in the way that bacon is healthy? Thanks. Love the show, Isaac.”

Nicki: He says, “After submitting my question about whether pork rinds are an acceptable snack, I realize that Rob’s answer might we’d need to see your lab work.” So then he has his cholesterol and some of that stuff.

Robb: That’s doing some diligence. We don’t have an LEO. Oh, do we? No, we have lipoprotein, ApoB. Oh, he does, yes. LDL particle is 1149, that looks phenomenal. Quick triglyceride, HDL ratio looks great. C-reactive protein is tiny. Okay, cool. Those numbers we’ll put in the show notes.

Robb: So, this is one of these funny things. So, Rhonda Patrick, who I think is great, but pork rinds have been one of the things that she’s just gone after. She’s like, “Oh, it’s just still unhealthy, you know? There’s no nutritional value there.” Which I mean, there’s not a lot of vitamins, there’s probably not a lot of minerals particularly, but it is a really interesting source of collagen. When you’re in this kind of lower carb, unprocessed food world, there’s not much that’s crunchy. You’ll grab a piece of ice just to be like, “Oh, man, I want some sort of crunch.”

Robb: We’ll do some jicama thin sliced every once in a while. But you just kind of, you miss that crunch, and chicharrones are phenomenal for that. Typically, they’re cooked in pork fat. I guess you could make the case that maybe some of that stuff is producing some oxidized cholesterol. But I was just reading some stuff recently that people in ketosis, their liver preferentially identifies lipo proteins with oxidized cholesterol and removes them from the system.

Robb: So, it’s kind of an interesting story, where even though cholesterol levels, possibly even lipo protein levels may go up under a ketogenic or low carb diet, your body also seems to be more savvy about removing the offending particles that appear to be the most problematic. So, it’s kind of, you know, is that a wash? Is it a net win? A net loss?

Robb: With the option of always modifying my position in the future, I would say, in general, I can’t really see pork rinds in the context of a keto carnivore type diet being the least bit problematic. The cool thing here is that Issac has done the diligence of doing some good blood work that actually answers some questions. Even just glancing at it, it’s kind of like, okay, we’re pretty good to go. We don’t have any type of wacky discordance, we don’t have hidden insulin resistance.

Robb: There’s a few other things we could take a peek out if we wanted to. But from reading between the lines, it sounds like he’s looking, feeling, performing well, but he’s just kind of curious about like, “Hey, is this one thing that I’m throwing down the pie hole going to crush me?” So, I would just repeat this blood work, probably once a year or something like that, to just use as a baseline. Maybe at some point, additionally doing a coronary calcium, just so you’ve got that in your back pocket, and we can use that again as a baseline.

Robb: The CIMT can be handy also, but it takes a very skilled practitioner to do the CIMT well. So those are a little bit of a mixed bag and they’re a little more variable than the coronary calcium. But beyond that it seems good. You know, I will make a plug for the Epic pork rinds. They have a barbecue flavor, a sea salt and vinegar and salt and pepper.

Nicki: Salt and pepper is really good.

Robb: Yeah, and the barbecue one, the kids … It literally can-

Nicki: They have a baked one too.

Robb: Yeah, they do have a baked one, which I like less, honestly. I like the ones that are fried in pork fat. But either one of the flavors, but mainly the barbecue flavor will provoke the girls into a fist fight, practically, as they get down to the bottom of the bag. Which I don’t know if that’s good or bad, but they’re good, they’re tasty.

Nicki: The dog likes them too.

Robb: The dog definitely likes them too.

Nicki: The bag comes out and he hears it, and he’s right there sitting, pleading.

Robb: So Isaac, good question, and good on you for doing some diligence on your blood work. It’s incredibly frustrating when people spend time and money to go get an assessment that answers nothing. This is another area that we’re going to be dipping our toes into to help people make better decisions around the lab work that they’re choosing, why they’re choosing it. So keep your eyes open for that too.

Nicki: Making sense of it once they get it.

Robb: Yeah, because literally, 90% of the time, 95% of the time, people do blood work and they’re more confused by what is ordered than otherwise. It’s because it’s just not enough to really make a definitive call in general.

Nicki: All right. That was our last question for the week. Thanks everyone. As usual, if you have questions, you can submit those at Robbwolf.com on the contact page. What else?

Robb: Most of my online activity currently is over at Instagram at dasrobbwolf.

Nicki: D-A-S-R-O-B-B-W-O-L-F.

Robb: That’s it. So, thanks for the awesome questions. You guys are fantastic, and-

Nicki: We’ll be back next week.

Robb: We’ll be back next week. We may be a little bit hit and miss between now and August, mid August, because we’re going to be moving and stuff like that. We’re going to try to bank some of these so that we stay ahead of stuff. It’s possible that life may just grab us by the shorthairs, so in demand that that doesn’t happen. But we will do our best to stay on top of. Yup.

Nicki: All right. Thanks guys.

Robb: Bye.

Keto Masterclass

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captainlenfan · 5 years

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New Post has been published on http://websiteshop.network/episode-435-qa-with-robb-and-nicki-28/

Episode 435 – Q&A with Robb and Nicki #28

http://robbwolf.com/2019/07/12/episode-435-qa-with-robb-and-nicki-28/

We’re back with more of the Q&A you crave! Episode 435, Q&A #28

Submit your own questions for the podcast at: https://robbwolf.com/contact/submit-a-question-for-the-podcast/

If you want to see the video for this podcast, be sure to check out our YouTube channel.

Show Notes:

1. Overeating On Keto [2:08]

Steve says:

Hi Rob,

My issue is, I love the food. For some reason it has made me hungrier. Stocking our fridge and cupboards I made sure that we had all we needed and I wanted to see what I liked to eat also.

I listen to your podcast and since listening I have gone to the ketogains website and worked out my macros. I was still tracking somewhat but some days I may have blown it by 5 or 6 hundred calories.

I have come so close to quitting as for me it seems to have been an easy way to get fat rather the leaner.

If you have any suggestions that would be great. Are there others that have had this sort of issue, going keto has made them fatter?

Really enjoy your podcast and thanks for all of the really useful info that you have put out. I have also read your books.

Best regards

Steve

2. What’s Up With Fiber & Kids? [8:58]

Rory says:

Is that actually logical?

And are there any cautions? Is there a certain dose that’s age-appropriate, or do I just slowly increase until she has digestive upset?

Should I mix fibers in order to feed a variety of bacteria, or are there certain fibers that are optimal for a young gut (i.e. what would a cavebaby be most likely to eat chew on for fun?).

3. Tips For Increasing Testosterone [13:07]

Mads says:

Hey Robb,

My testosterone is not low, but definitely not high either. I’m 27 and my testosterone is 640 ng/dL and my free testosterone is 16.36

4. SHBG Elevated On Keto/Carnivore [19:47]

Eoin says:

5. Are Chicharrones (pork rinds) a Healthy Snack? [22:47]

Isaac says:

Hi Rob,

Chicarones (pork rinds): are they a healthy snack?

I’ve heard you indirectly mention them on the podcast some time ago, but I wasn’t able to infer whether your opinion is favorable or cautionary.

Am I headed towards clogged arteries? Are pork rinds actually healthy in the way that bacon is healthy…?

Thanks!! Love the show.

-Isaac

After submitting my question about whether pork rinds are an acceptable snack, I realized that Robb’s answer might be ‘we’d need to see your lab work’…

So, in case it is relevant (and in case my question is selected for the show), here are some details. (I’d be glad to share the rest of the lab results, if they’re relevant.) Thanks!

*****

Cholesterol, Total: 249 mg/dL

HDL: 71 mg/dL

Triglycerides: 71 mg/dL

LDL-Cholesterol: 161 mg/dL (calc)

Apolipoprotein A1: 186 mg/dL

Omega 3 (EPA+DHA) Index: 7.1 %

Omega 6 / Omega 3 ratio: 3.7

EPA/Arachidonic Acid Ratio: 0.4

EPA: 3.0 %

DHA: 4.1 %

Lipoprotein (a): 99 nmol/L

Apolipoprotein B: 107 mg/dL

Nonesterified Fatty Acids (Free Fatty Acids): 0.12 mmol/L

LDL Particle Number: 1149 nmol/L

LDL Small: 116 nmol/L

LDL Medium: 229 nmol/L

HDL Large: 5144 nmol/L

LDL Pattern: A

LDL Peak Size: 225.5 Angstrom

HS CRP: <0.2 mg/L

Where you can find us:

Submit questions for the podcast: https://robbwolf.com/contact/submit-a-question-for-the-podcast/

Transcript:

Download a copy of the transcript here (PDF)

Robb: Welcome back, wife.

Nicki: Hubs.

Robb: What’s new?

Nicki: A lot.

Robb: I always love asking that, because we just spin in the same four walls all day long.

Nicki: So, you know everything that’s new?

Robb: We have nothing new. Well, we’re in the process of packing, getting ready to move.

Nicki: Mm-hmm (affirmative). Kids are out of school.

Nicki: We have this wonderful nest, a robin nest up in the tree, and I’ve been watching the parents come and feed the babies, and then yesterday morning there were no parents.

Robb: Silence.

Nicki: It was silent, and I think our cat slayed the whole family.

Robb: The cat’s been eyeballing this thing for probably a week, and I think he just waited for the baby birds to get fat enough to make it worth his while to climb the tree.

Nicki: Those ones I was particularly attached to, because I was watching them every day in the morning.

Robb: Oh, so the cat was pretty attached to them also.

Nicki: An extra wedge of cheese, depending on how you measure a wedge.

Robb: Right, yeah, wedge. Yeah.

Nicki: Is a significant number of calories.

Nicki: Especially because you’re in a warm climate, you’re outside all the time, you’re … yeah.

Nicki: Okay. So Steve, do all that, and then report back.

Robb: Ping back and let us know. Yep.

Nicki: I got nothing.

Nicki: Just get the mild one.

Robb: Yeah, just get the mild one. Yeah, yeah. Every once in a while I mess up and get the red lid. Even though Sagan has a pretty spicy palateYup.

Robb: Man, this is a good question. So a young guy, it’s-

Nicki: His testosterone is lower than my dad’s.

Robb: Yeah, who’s 70.

Nicki: 70.

Robb: Yeah, yeah. Which he’s just kind of a stud, so you’re-

Nicki: Well, no, but, I mean, also, I know you’ve talked before about how our parents and grandparents generation, as a baseline, had higher testosterone than-

Nicki: So when you say careful doing it consistently, like once a week? Every other day?

Robb: Sleep is going to be a huge factor. So, what time are you going to bed? What time are you waking up? What’s the sleep quality? Completely black room.

Nicki: Getting in bed before midnight.

Robb: Earlier is better. Yeah, yeah.

Nicki: As many hours asleep before midnight as possible.

Nicki: Okay. Let’s see. Our final question this week is on chicharrones.

Robb: Cha, cha, cha.

Nicki: Salt and pepper is really good.

Robb: Yeah, and the barbecue one, the kids … It literally can-

Nicki: They have a baked one too.

Nicki: The dog likes them too.

Robb: The dog definitely likes them too.

Nicki: The bag comes out and he hears it, and he’s right there sitting, pleading.

Nicki: Making sense of it once they get it.

Nicki: All right. That was our last question for the week. Thanks everyone. As usual, if you have questions, you can submit those at Robbwolf.com on the contact page. What else?

Robb: Most of my online activity currently is over at Instagram at dasrobbwolf.

Nicki: D-A-S-R-O-B-B-W-O-L-F.

Robb: That’s it. So, thanks for the awesome questions. You guys are fantastic, and-

Nicki: We’ll be back next week.

Nicki: All right. Thanks guys.

Robb: Bye.

Keto Masterclass

The keto diet is one of the most effective ways to shed fat and improve your health. Keto Masterclass helps you start keto right, step-by-step, so that you can be successful long-term.

Learn More

Don’t forget, Wired to Eat is now available!

Amazon, Barnes & Noble, IndieBound, iBooks

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