LJS 490 is a 15th century German collection of astronomical and astrological texts covering a wide variety of topics, including the determination of the date of Easter, transits of Venus and Mercury (that is, when the planet comes between the earth and the sun) and treatises on instruments including the astrolabe, the sundial, and the baculus.
pages from the "model book of calligraphy", vienna, originally created by georg bocskay from 1561-62, illuminated and expanded by joris hoefnagel, c. 1591–96
source: Getty Museum Collection, Ms. 20 (86.MV.527), fol. 143r-147r
I'd like to introduce you to LJS 57, a compendium of Astronomical text in Hebrew, written in Spain around 1391. It's an interesting combination of astronomy and astrology, and illustrates how the division between "science" and "not science" was not nearly so clear in the past as it is today. It has some fantastic illustrations of constellations!