FUN FACT: Did you know that Vegeta wasn't blowing smoke on Namek when he claimed to have become a Super Saiyan?
Well. Not entirely, anyway.
And also the process of becoming a Super Saiyan is kind of complicated, and Goku is an enlightened martial arts master.
The process of becoming a Super Saiyan is complicated. The English dub got a bit confused on this point while they were frantically erasing as much spirituality and also martial arts and general power levels talk as they could from the series.
The dub was bad. I don't think that's a surprise to anyone. It was a 90's anime dub. It scrubbed the source material of a lot of stuff.
But specifically here, the dub confused matters when it said that to become a Super Saiyan, you have to be pure of heart. This confused matters, because being purehearted is a thing in Dragon Ball. You have to be purehearted to ride the Nimbus.
This concept of pureheartedness exists in Dragon Ball. But it has nothing to do with the Super Saiyan.
This isn't the same as that. To become a Super Saiyan, you need something else. Notably, the Viz manga also translates this idea as "pure of heart"....
But the idea being translated here is more along the lines of tranquility than innocent goodness.
Becoming a Super Saiyan is a bit of a process. To understand the Super Saiyan, we need to talk about limit-breaking. This is a concept that's expressed repeatedly throughout Dragon Ball. In order to become Dragon Ball Powerful, you have to break your limits. You hit a ceiling and that's as far as you can go, until you find some new way to push through and break that ceiling. The series is big on this idea.
As an example, Mr. Satan is an incredibly formidable martial artist. He is peak. Top-tier fighter. ...within human limits. But he doesn't hold a candle to Krillin because Krillin broke the human limit in childhood.
Mr. Satan is basically Panput from the 22nd Tenkaichi Budokai.
Saiyans are in a different league from humans, and they have different set limits. Different norms, different standards, and different potentials. But, like humans, there's a ceiling. The first step to becoming a Super Saiyan is breaking the Saiyan limit.
Goku, as a low-class Saiyan trained on Earth in martial arts, was able to break through the Saiyan limit during his gravity training in space. This wasn't the goal of his training, mind; Goku had a particular goal in mind. He was subjecting himself to intense gravity so that he could acclimate his body to withstanding higher levels of Kaioken.
Not even realizing that was what he was doing, Goku was the first to shatter his Saiyan boundary and take the first step to becoming a Super Saiyan.
That Goku has transcended Saiyan abilities isn't lost on either Vegeta or Captain Ginyu, both of whom peg him as a Super Saiyan... before walking it back because Goku lacks the overwhelming bloodthirst and battle hunger that characterizes the legend.
Poor Goku has no idea what any of these people are on about. He might as well be listening to Game of Thrones fans infodump about the Lannisters.
But he wasn't alone. During his fight with Jeice following his third Zenkai of the arc, Vegeta finds himself trashing Jeice. Vegeta's as surprised as Jeice is, to be honest. Even with a Zenkai, he should not be doing this well.
Vegeta's last Zenkai wasn't just a Zenkai. It pushed him through the Saiyan limit.
You see, something happens to a Saiyan as they cross that boundary. Their ki begins to swell astronomically in preparation for becoming a Super Saiyan. Both Goku and Vegeta at this point have entered a sort of proto-Super Saiyan state. Their powers are passively being inflated.
Goku, too, eventually realizes that his power is growing at an astronomical rate that cannot be explained by his training or his Zenkai boosts or any phenomenon he's aware of. He's just. Swelling with power for reasons he can't fathom.
Neither of them are Super Saiyans yet. They still need the right spark to ignite it - and, despite knowing more about the Super Saiyan legend than Goku, Vegeta has no idea what that spark is. But they're both inflating like balloons in preparation for ignition.
Vegeta brings up the proto-Super Saiyan again in his first showdown with Frieza.
He recognizes that he is not yet the Super Saiyan. But he is a proto-Super Saiyan. He still feels it, still feels his power inflating within himself. He just. Needs. That. Spark.
But he won't find it. He said it himself: He doesn't think Goku and his "soft heart" can become the Super Saiyan. The Super Saiyan is supposed to be filled with rage and battle hunger.
But breaking the Saiyan limit isn't enough. You need the spark: A tranquil heart awakened by rage.
There are two pieces to that. The first is a tranquil heart. What does that mean? It means tranquility. Stillness. Peace. Becoming one with yourself and the cosmic universe.
During his training in space, with nothing to concern himself with and no distractions, Goku found tranquility. Alone in the void of space with only his beloved art, he achieved a measure of serenity and peace that he's never known before.
When Goku steps off that ship, he's different. He's entirely focused on the task at hand. He doesn't even want to fight the Ginyus, which is a stark departure for his character. He has no interest in the joy of battle; Only in doing what he came for and going home.
Goku asks the Ginyu Force multiple times to just go away. He does not care about this. He is thoroughly disinterested in fighting.
He's not even mad. They beat up his son and his best friend, and Goku does not care. Also, he can read minds now. Because he is the Heavenly Buddha, I guess.
This is a super weird moment, but its main purpose is to demonstrate that Goku has become... something else. He's not just "Goku but stronger"; he's changed on a fundamental level.
Goku is no longer a rash, impulsive student. He has become a master of his art. Do you see that kanji on his back? Kaio presented Goku with this new dogi after he got out of the hospital... uh... somehow.
You. Uh. You gonna elaborate on where the fuck that came from, Goku? No? Okay, man. You do you.
In any case, Goku's new dogi is distinctive because it erases the sigils of both the Kame school and Kaio. Originally, he would wear the Kame sigils on both front and back to reflect his status as a student of Kame-senryu.
Even if he did only technically study Kame-senryu for less than a year. It's fine; the Muten-Roshi filled him with a lot of philosophy that's guided him over the years so it still counts.
After he trained under Kaio, the sigil on his back was replaced with Kaio's sigil, to reflect that he is Kaio's student now as much as he is the Muten-Roshi's. Though he left the Kame-senryu sigil on Goku's front, because he is a student of both.
But from the moment Goku steps off that ship, both Kaio and the Kame sigils have been replaced by this new one.
This new sigil serves two purposes. First is that it's the first kanji of Goku's name. Both of his masters are now gone from Goku's expression, replaced by Goku himself; This symbolizes that Goku has, himself, become the master. His art is now fully his own.
Goku is at the peak of his journey. There is nothing more for him to learn. It falls to him now to cultivate, develop, and evolve his art for himself, using the knowledge and mastery he's acquired. And, as we'll see in the next arc, to ultimately pass it on to the next generation to come.
But, bringing this back to the tranquil heart thing: The kanji for 'Go' also represents enlightenment. Goku has found peace with himself and his place in the cosmic universe. That is why he, and not Vegeta, is ready to have his spark ignited.
He's broken the Saiyan limit. He has a tranquil heart. All he needs now is to snap, and have his tranquil heart awakened by rage.
But Vegeta still has a ways to go. Because his heart is far from tranquil.
The best he can come up with is "I Zenkai'd into this, I can Zenkai out of it!" Vegeta is very fettered, especially in conflict with Frieza. He is not one with the cosmic universe. He is a nervous wreck of emotions and wants and distractions. He was so close, but he could never have ignited here. Not under these circumstances.
No, Vegeta would only find his tranquility after becoming stranded on Earth. (No, anime, Vegeta did not have a spare spaceship on hand to leave immediately.)
Three years, living at Capsule Corp until he moved out and got his own place. Free from the yoke of Frieza and able to pursue nothing more than his own self-improvement. Driven by a desire to surpass Goku but in a low-stress environment...
...and apparently hanging out with Bulma in his downtime.
That's where Vegeta found his tranquility. And the spark of rage that ignited his tranquil heart? His own inadequacies, of course.
Never change, Vegeta. XD
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FUN FACT: Did you know that Chi-Chi got off Gohan's back about studying for the three years of the Android and Cell Saga?
A key thing to understand about Goku and Chi-Chi's relationship is that they don't have a traditional marriage. The anime went to great lengths to try and heteronormalize them as a typical couple who are together because they're madly in love.
But they're not. Goku is very much an aroace character. Like. He's not sex-repulsed, obviously; Gohan and Goten's existence proves that much. But romance and sexuality don't mean anything to him. They're not factors he considers when he's making his life choices. He's not interested in pursuing them in any meaningful way.
Goku and Chi-Chi's marriage is largely contractual. It exists because these two backwoods hicks made a deal when Goku was a child, that he didn't even know the context of what he was agreeing to.
Goku then left and never saw her again for six years. He had absolutely no idea what they were talking about.
Fortunately for Goku, Yamcha was nearby to explain in Goku Terminology what it means to be married.
And that was that. Goku agreed to the terms of living in the same space as Chi-Chi, and their domestic life began from there.
Goku and Chi-Chi's relationship is, effectively, a pantomime of domestic life. They're two adultchildren playing house, moreso than a loving married couple. They had literally spent one day together before they wed; They had no idea who the other even is as a person when they started down this road.
Naturally, this resulted in a lot of friction when Gohan entered the picture. It'd have to, right?
This contractual marriage born of childish stupidity has not gone well.
Still, despite everything, Goku and Chi-Chi managed to reach an... interesting compromise in the Android arc... after a bit of really gross slapstick violence that has not aged well.
Yikes, Toriyama.
Nonetheless, Goku gets his way but only with conditions. Chi-Chi backs off on Gohan's studies and lets him train in martial arts for the next three years. But after that, it's done. Gohan will leave martial arts and become a scholar.
Once the agreement is forged, Chi-Chi's entire behavior changes. She becomes downright supportive of them.
Because they have a deal. She abides by the terms, fully expecting that Goku will abide by it as well.
This is something that the anime aggressively missed the point on. Like. They even rewrote existing scenes from the manga to show Chi-Chi violating the agreement.
Chi-Chi, what the fuck are you doing? You're breaking the deal. You don't do this in the manga. You just chill in the plane.
After things get messy in the Android arc, Goku and Chi-Chi revisit their agreement. Goku wants to add an addendum to their deal. Chi-Chi agrees... with an addendum of her own.
Goku asks to take Gohan into a pocket dimension for an entire year. Chi-Chi grants him that, but adds that after he and Gohan quit martial arts in accordance to the previous agreement, Goku has to get a job.
With that settled, she resumes backing off on Gohan's academics and being fully supportive of their temporary martial arts lifestyle.
Once Cell is defeated, their deal goes into effect. Per the agreement, Gohan quits martial arts and refocuses himself into academia.
Though Goku, at the very last second, manages to cheat on the agreement and prance away like a magnificent poof.
Goku, you cheeky dickwaffle.
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